1
|
Patwardhan RS, Gohil D, Singh B, Kumar BK, Purohit V, Thoh M, Checker R, Gardi N, Gota V, Kutala VK, Patwardhan S, Sharma D, Sandur SK. Mitochondrial-targeted curcumin inhibits T-cell activation via Nrf2 and inhibits graft-versus-host-disease in a mouse model. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1555-1573. [PMID: 38281735 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Anti-inflammatory and immune suppressive agents are required to moderate hyper-activation of lymphocytes under disease conditions or organ transplantation. However, selective disruption of mitochondrial redox has not been evaluated as a therapeutic strategy for suppression of T-cell-mediated pathologies. Using mitochondrial targeted curcumin (MitoC), we studied the effect of mitochondrial redox modulation on T-cell responses by flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy, transcriptomics, and proteomics, and the role of Nrf2 was studied using Nrf2- /- mice. MitoC decreased mitochondrial TrxR activity, enhanced mitochondrial ROS (mROS) production, depleted mitochondrial glutathione, and suppressed activation-induced increase in mitochondrial biomass. This led to suppression of T-cell responses and metabolic reprogramming towards Treg differentiation. MitoC induced nuclear translocation and DNA binding of Nrf2, leading to upregulation of Nrf2-dependent genes and proteins. MitoC-mediated changes in mitochondrial redox and modulation of T-cell responses are abolished in Nrf2- /- mice. Restoration of mitochondrial thiols abrogated inhibition of T-cell responses. MitoC suppressed alloantigen-induced lymphoblast formation, inflammatory cytokines, morbidity, and mortality in acute graft-versus-host disease mice. Disruption of mitochondrial thiols but not mROS increase inculcates an Nrf2-dependent immune-suppressive disposition in T cells for the propitious treatment of graft-versus-host disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dievya Gohil
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Babita Singh
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Binita K Kumar
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Vaitashi Purohit
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Maikho Thoh
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Rahul Checker
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India
| | - Nilesh Gardi
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Vikram Gota
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Kutala
- Department of Biochemistry, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences (NIMS), Hyderabad, India
| | - Sejal Patwardhan
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India
| | - Santosh K Sandur
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen W, Sharma G, Jiang W, Maptue NR, Malloy CR, Sherry AD, Khemtong C. Metabolism of hyperpolarized 13 C-acetoacetate to β-hydroxybutyrate detects real-time mitochondrial redox state and dysfunction in heart tissue. NMR Biomed 2019; 32:e4091. [PMID: 30968985 PMCID: PMC6525062 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered to be an important component of many metabolic diseases yet there is no reliable imaging biomarker for monitoring mitochondrial damage in vivo. A large prior literature on inter-conversion of β-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate indicates that the process is mitochondrial and that the ratio reflects a specifically mitochondrial redox state. Therefore, the conversion of [1,3-13 C]acetoacetate to [1,3-13 C]β-hydroxybutyrate is expected to be sensitive to the abnormal redox state present in dysfunctional mitochondria. In this study, we examined the conversion of hyperpolarized (HP) 13 C-acetoacetate (AcAc) to 13 C-β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) as a potential imaging biomarker for mitochondrial redox and dysfunction in perfused rat hearts. Conversion of HP-AcAc to β-HB was investigated using 13 C magnetic resonance spectroscopy in Langendorff-perfused rat hearts in four groups: control, global ischemic reperfusion, low-flow ischemic, and rotenone (mitochondrial complex-I inhibitor)-treated hearts. We observed that more β-HB was produced from AcAc in ischemic hearts and the hearts exposed to complex I inhibitor rotenone compared with controls, consistent with the accumulation of excess mitochondrial NADH. The increase in β-HB, as detected by 13 C MRS, was validated by a direct measure of tissue β-HB by 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance in tissue extracts. The redox ratio, NAD+ /NADH, measured by enzyme assays of homogenized tissue, also paralleled production of β-HB from AcAc. Transmission electron microscopy of tissues provided direct evidence for abnormal mitochondrial structure in each ischemic tissue model. The results suggest that conversion of HP-AcAc to HP-β-HB detected by 13 C-MRS may serve as a useful diagnostic marker of mitochondrial redox and dysfunction in heart tissue in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Weina Jiang
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Nesmine R. Maptue
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Craig R. Malloy
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - A. Dean Sherry
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Chalermchai Khemtong
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Correspondence: Chalermchai Khemtong, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8568, USA. Phone: +1 (214) 645-2772;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ben-Kasus Nissim T, Zhang X, Elazar A, Roy S, Stolwijk JA, Zhou Y, Motiani RK, Gueguinou M, Hempel N, Hershfinkel M, Gill DL, Trebak M, Sekler I. Mitochondria control store-operated Ca 2+ entry through Na + and redox signals. EMBO J 2017; 36:797-815. [PMID: 28219928 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201592481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria exert important control over plasma membrane (PM) Orai1 channels mediating store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). Although the sensing of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ stores by STIM proteins and coupling to Orai1 channels is well understood, how mitochondria communicate with Orai1 channels to regulate SOCE activation remains elusive. Here, we reveal that SOCE is accompanied by a rise in cytosolic Na+ that is critical in activating the mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCLX) causing enhanced mitochondrial Na+ uptake and Ca2+ efflux. Omission of extracellular Na+ prevents the cytosolic Na+ rise, inhibits NCLX activity, and impairs SOCE and Orai1 channel current. We show further that SOCE activates a mitochondrial redox transient which is dependent on NCLX and is required for preventing Orai1 inactivation through oxidation of a critical cysteine (Cys195) in the third transmembrane helix of Orai1. We show that mitochondrial targeting of catalase is sufficient to rescue redox transients, SOCE, and Orai1 currents in NCLX-deficient cells. Our findings identify a hitherto unknown NCLX-mediated pathway that coordinates Na+ and Ca2+ signals to effect mitochondrial redox control over SOCE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsipi Ben-Kasus Nissim
- The Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Xuexin Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Assaf Elazar
- The Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Soumitra Roy
- The Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Judith A Stolwijk
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Yandong Zhou
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Rajender K Motiani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Maxime Gueguinou
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Nadine Hempel
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Michal Hershfinkel
- The Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Donald L Gill
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Israel Sekler
- The Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
MasoudiMotlagh M, Sepehr R, Sheibani N, Sorenson CM, Ranji M. Optical cryoimaging of mitochondrial redox state in bronchopulmonary-dysplasia injury models in mice lungs. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2015; 5:159-62. [PMID: 25694965 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-4292.2014.12.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in premature infants exposed to high levels of oxygen. This is mainly attributed to increased oxidative stress and angiogenesis defects impacting lung alveolarization. METHODS Here we use optical imaging to investigate the role of Bcl-2 in modulation of oxidative stress and angiogenesis and pathogenesis of BPD. Cryoimaging of the mitochondrial redox state of mouse lungs was applied to determine the metabolic state of the lungs from Bcl-2 +/+ (control), Bcl-2-deleted in the endothelium (Bcl-2 VE-cad) and Bcl-2-deficient (Bcl-2 -/-; global null) using mitochondrial metabolic coenzymes NADH (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide), and FADH2 (Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide) as the primary electron carriers in oxidative phosphorylation. RESULTS We observed a 47% and 26% decrease in the NADH redox in Bcl-2 deficient lungs, Bcl-2 -/- and Bcl-2 VE-cad, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Thus, Bcl-2 deficiency is associated with a significant increase in oxidative stress contributing to reduced angiogenesis and enhanced pathogenesis of BPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad MasoudiMotlagh
- 1 Biophotonics laboratory, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 3200 N Cramer St., Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA ; Departments of 2 Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, and 3 Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Reyhaneh Sepehr
- 1 Biophotonics laboratory, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 3200 N Cramer St., Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA ; Departments of 2 Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, and 3 Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Nader Sheibani
- 1 Biophotonics laboratory, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 3200 N Cramer St., Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA ; Departments of 2 Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, and 3 Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Christine M Sorenson
- 1 Biophotonics laboratory, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 3200 N Cramer St., Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA ; Departments of 2 Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, and 3 Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Mahsa Ranji
- 1 Biophotonics laboratory, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 3200 N Cramer St., Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA ; Departments of 2 Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, and 3 Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Staniszewski K, Audi SH, Sepehr R, Jacobs ER, Ranji M. Surface fluorescence studies of tissue mitochondrial redox state in isolated perfused rat lungs. Ann Biomed Eng 2013; 41:827-36. [PMID: 23238793 PMCID: PMC3606690 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-012-0716-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We designed a fiber-optic-based optoelectronic fluorometer to measure emitted fluorescence from the auto-fluorescent electron carriers NADH and FAD of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC). The ratio of NADH to FAD is called the redox ratio (RR = NADH/FAD) and is an indicator of the oxidoreductive state of tissue. We evaluated the fluorometer by measuring the fluorescence intensities of NADH and FAD at the surface of isolated, perfused rat lungs. Alterations of lung mitochondrial metabolic state were achieved by the addition of rotenone (complex I inhibitor), potassium cyanide (KCN, complex IV inhibitor) and/or pentachlorophenol (PCP, uncoupler) into the perfusate recirculating through the lung. Rotenone- or KCN-containing perfusate increased RR by 21 and 30%, respectively. In contrast, PCP-containing perfusate decreased RR by 27%. These changes are consistent with the established effects of rotenone, KCN, and PCP on the redox status of the ETC. Addition of blood to perfusate quenched NADH and FAD signal, but had no effect on RR. This study demonstrates the capacity of fluorometry to detect a change in mitochondrial redox state in isolated perfused lungs, and suggests the potential of fluorometry for use in in vivo experiments to extract a sensitive measure of lung tissue health in real-time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Staniszewski
- Biophotonics Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, 3200 N Cramer St., Milwaukee, WI 53211
| | - Said H. Audi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, 1515 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI, 53233
| | - Reyhaneh Sepehr
- Biophotonics Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, 3200 N Cramer St., Milwaukee, WI 53211
| | - Elizabeth R. Jacobs
- Associate Chief of Staff, Research and Development, Clement J. Zablocki VA Medical Center, 5000 W. National Avenue Milwaukee, WI 5329 and Associate Dean Research, Medical College of Wisconsin
| | - Mahsa Ranji
- Biophotonics Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, 3200 N Cramer St., Milwaukee, WI 53211
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sepehr R, Audi SH, Staniszewski KS, Haworth ST, Jacobs ER, Ranji M, Zablocki CJ. Novel Flurometric Tool to Assess Mitochondrial Redox State of Isolated Perfused Rat Lungs after Exposure to Hyperoxia. IEEE J Transl Eng Health Med 2013; 1. [PMID: 25379360 PMCID: PMC4219590 DOI: 10.1109/jtehm.2013.2285916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recently we demonstrated the utility of optical fluorometry to detect a change in the redox status of mitochondrial autofluorescent coenzymes NADH (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) and FAD (oxidized form of Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FADH2,)) as a measure of mitochondrial function in isolated perfused rat lungs (IPL). The objective of this study was to utilize optical fluorometry to evaluate the effect of rat exposure to hyperoxia (>95% O2 for 48 hours) on lung tissue mitochondrial redox status of NADH and FAD in a nondestructive manner in IPL. Surface NADH and FAD signals were measured before and after lung perfusion with perfusate containing rotenone (ROT, complex I inhibitor), potassium cyanide (KCN, complex IV inhibitor), and/or pentachlorophenol (PCP, uncoupler). ROT- or KCN-induced increase in NADH signal is considered a measure of complex I activity, and KCN-induced decrease in FAD signal is considered a measure of complex II activity. The results show that hyperoxia decreased complex I and II activities by 63% and 55%, respectively, as compared to lungs of rats exposed to room air (normoxic rats). Mitochondrial complex I and II activities in lung homogenates were also lower (77% and 63%, respectively) for hyperoxic than for normoxic lungs. These results suggest that the mitochondrial matrix is more reduced in hyperoxic lungs than in normoxic lungs, and demonstrate the ability of optical fluorometry to detect a change in mitochondrial redox state of hyperoxic lungs prior to histological changes characteristic of hyperoxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Sepehr
- University of Wisconsin MilwaukeeDepartment of Electrical EngineeringMilwaukeeWIUSA53211
| | - Said H. Audi
- Marquette UniversityDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringMilwaukeeWIUSA53233
- Medical College of WisconsinDivision of Pulmonary and Critical CareMilwaukeeWIUSA53226
| | - Kevin S. Staniszewski
- University of Wisconsin MilwaukeeDepartment of Electrical EngineeringMilwaukeeWIUSA53211
| | - Steven T. Haworth
- VA Medical CenterDivision of Pulmonary and Critical CareMilwaukeeWIUSA53295
| | | | - Mahsa Ranji
- University of Wisconsin MilwaukeeDepartment of Electrical EngineeringMilwaukeeWIUSA53211
| | - Clement J. Zablocki
- University of Wisconsin MilwaukeeDepartment of Electrical EngineeringMilwaukeeWIUSA53211
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sepehr R, Staniszewski K, Maleki S, Jacobs ER, Audi S, Ranji M. Optical imaging of tissue mitochondrial redox state in intact rat lungs in two models of pulmonary oxidative stress. J Biomed Opt 2012; 17:046010. [PMID: 22559688 PMCID: PMC3380956 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.17.4.046010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Revised: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Ventilation with enhanced fractions of O(2) (hyperoxia) is a common and necessary treatment for hypoxemia in patients with lung failure, but prolonged exposure to hyperoxia causes lung injury. Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury of lung tissue is common in lung transplant or crush injury to the chest. These conditions are associated with apoptosis and decreased survival of lung tissue. The objective of this work is to use cryoimaging to evaluate the effect of exposure to hyperoxia and IR injury on lung tissue mitochondrial redox state in rats. The autofluorescent mitochondrial metabolic coenzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) are electron carriers in ATP generation. These intrinsic fluorophores were imaged for rat lungs using low-temperature fluorescence imaging (cryoimaging). Perfused lungs from four groups of rats were studied: normoxia (control), control perfused with an mitochondrial complex IV inhibitor (potassium cyanide, KCN), rats exposed to hyperoxia (85% O(2)) for seven days, and from rats subjected to lung IR in vivo 24 hours prior to study. Each lung was sectioned sequentially in the transverse direction, and the images were used to reconstruct a three-dimensional (3-D) rendering. In KCN perfused lungs the respiratory chain was more reduced, whereas hyperoxic and IR lung tissue have a more oxidized respiratory chain than control lung tissue, consistent with previously measured mitochondrial dysfunction in both hyperoxic and IR lungs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Sepehr
- University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Biophotonics Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211
| | - Kevin Staniszewski
- University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Biophotonics Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211
| | - Sepideh Maleki
- University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Biophotonics Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211
| | | | - Said Audi
- Pulmonary Division, Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53295
- Marquette University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233
| | - Mahsa Ranji
- University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Biophotonics Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211
- Address all correspondence to: Mahsa Ranji, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Biophotonics Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, , Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211. Tel: 414-229-6619; Fax: 414-229-6958; E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Circu ML, Rodriguez C, Maloney R, Moyer MP, Aw TY. Contribution of mitochondrial GSH transport to matrix GSH status and colonic epithelial cell apoptosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2008; 44:768-78. [PMID: 18267208 PMCID: PMC2275168 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2007] [Revised: 08/15/2007] [Accepted: 09/12/2007] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we showed that cellular glutathione/glutathione disulfide (GSH/GSSG) play an important role in apoptotic signaling, and early studies linked mitochondrial GSH (mtGSH) loss to enhanced cytotoxicity. The current study focuses on the contribution of mitochondrial GSH transport and mitochondrial GSH/GSSG status to apoptosis initiation in a nontransformed colonic epithelial cell line, NCM460, using menadione (MQ), a quinone with redox cycling bioreactivity, as a model of oxidative challenge. Our results implicate the semiquinone radical in MQ-mediated apoptosis, which was associated with marked oxidation of the mitochondrial soluble GSH and protein-bound thiol pools, mitochondria-to-cytosol translocation of cytochrome c, and activation of caspase-9. MQ-induced apoptosis was potentiated by inhibition of mtGSH uptake in accordance with exacerbated mitochondrial GSSG (mtGSSG) and protein-SSG and compromised mitochondrial respiratory activity. Moreover, cell apoptosis was prevented by N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) pretreatment, which restored cellular redox homeostasis. Importantly, mtGSH transport inhibition effectively blocked NAC-mediated protection in accordance with its failure to attenuate mtGSSG. These results support the importance of mitochondrial GSH transport and the mtGSH status in oxidative cell killing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena L. Circu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130
| | - Cynthia Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130
| | - Ronald Maloney
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130
| | | | - Tak Yee Aw
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130
| |
Collapse
|