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Eram N, Sachan S, Singh J, Shreya, Dwivedi U, Das D, Rai G, Rajan M. Growth Factor Independence-1 (GFI-1) Gene Expression in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Lineage Differentiation in Low Birth Weight Newborns Compared With Normal Birth Weight Newborns at Term Pregnancy. Cureus 2023; 15:e50696. [PMID: 38239528 PMCID: PMC10796131 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Low birth weight (LBW), which is a risk factor for noncommunicable diseases throughout life, is a significant public health concern. In addition to regulating myeloid cell differentiation and proliferation, a transcriptional repressor identified as growth factor independence-1 (GFI-1) is essential for hematopoietic stem cell maintenance and self-renewal. The current study was designed to compare the expression of the GFI-1 gene in the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells in newborns with LBW and those with normal birth weight (NBW). Methods A prospective comparative analytical study was carried out from September 2019 to September 2021 after obtaining Institute Ethical Committee approval at a tertiary care center in north India. The GFI-1 gene expression levels in 50 cord blood samples from women with term gestation and LBW newborns (<2500 grams) were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and compared to gene expression levels in 50 cord blood samples from women with term gestation and NBW newborns (≥2500 grams). The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS statistics software version 24.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results The median GFI-1 expression in LBW newborns is 3.1, whereas among NBW newborns it is 9.39. The difference is significant (P <0.001). The level of GFI-1 gene expression in LBW newborns was correlated with their birth weight. The coefficient of correlation was found to be weakly positive (r = 0.223). The birth weight of NBW newborns was correlated to the level of expression of the GFI-1 gene, which was found to be positively correlated (r = 0.332). Conclusion The levels of the GFI-1 gene and newborn birth weight were compared in LBW infants, which were weakly positively correlated. The level of GFI-1 gene expression at birth was compared to the birth weight of NBW newborns, which was positively correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najma Eram
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, IND
| | - Shikha Sachan
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, IND
| | - Jigyasa Singh
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, IND
| | - Shreya
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, IND
| | - Utkarsh Dwivedi
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, IND
| | - Doli Das
- Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, IND
| | - Geeta Rai
- Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, IND
| | - Mamta Rajan
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, IND
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Wellington MO, Rodrigues LA, Li Q, Dong B, Panisson JC, Yang C, Columbus DA. Birth Weight and Nutrient Restriction Affect Jejunal Enzyme Activity and Gene Markers for Nutrient Transport and Intestinal Function in Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11092672. [PMID: 34573638 PMCID: PMC8469232 DOI: 10.3390/ani11092672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Birth weight and nutrient utilization are thought to have significant effects on intestinal development in neonatal pigs. The present study evaluated the impact of low and normal birth weight with and without nutrient restriction during the neonatal period on jejunal development. The results observed suggest that during the first 28 d of life, birth weight had greater effects on intestinal development than nutrient level, however, at d 56, the nutrient level was a significant contributor to intestinal function and enzyme activity compared to birth weight. Taken together, both birth weight and nutrient restriction have effects on intestinal development, but may have a greater impact in early life (d 28). Abstract Significant variation in the birth weight of piglets has arisen due to increased sow prolificacy. Intestinal development and function may be affected by birth weight. Low birth weight (LBW) pigs may also have reduced feed intake, leading to further impairment of intestinal development. The objective of this study was to examine the intestinal development pattern of LBW and normal birth weight (NBW) piglets with normal nutrition (NN) or restricted nutrition (RN) in the pre-weaning period. Jejunal intestinal samples were analyzed for target gene expression and enzyme activity at d 28 (weaning) and d 56 (post-weaning). At d 28, excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAC1) and sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter (B0AT1) were downregulated in LBW compared to NBW pigs (p < 0.05). On d 56, B0AT1 and ASCT2 (glutamine transporter) were downregulated in RN compared to NN pigs (p < 0.05), regardless of birth weight. Peptide transporter 1 (PepT1) expression was downregulated in LBW compared to NBW pigs at 28 d (p < 0.05), with no effects of treatments at 56 d. Sodium-glucose transporter-1 (SGLT1) was upregulated in NBW-NN compared to LBW-NN pigs (p < 0.05) at 28 d. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was upregulated in LBW-RN at d 28. At d 56, claudin-3 (CLDN-3) and Zonular occludin-1 (ZO-1) were upregulated in NN compared to RN pigs (p < 0.05). There were no treatment effects on ALP, maltase, or sucrase activity at 28 d. However, at 56 d, ALP was upregulated in NBW-NN pigs while sucrase activity was upregulated in NN pigs (p < 0.05). The results demonstrate differences in jejunal gene expression associated with birth weight, with reduced gene expression of amino acid transporters (PepT1, EAAC1, B0AT1) in LBW compared to NBW pigs (p < 0.05). While neonatal nutrient restriction had minimal effects at 28 d and d 56 for tight junction protein transcript abundance, neutral amino acid transporter abundance was upregulated in NN pigs compared to RN piglets (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael O. Wellington
- Prairie Swine Centre, Inc., Saskatoon, SK S7H 5N9, Canada; (M.O.W.); (L.A.R.); (J.C.P.)
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Lucas A. Rodrigues
- Prairie Swine Centre, Inc., Saskatoon, SK S7H 5N9, Canada; (M.O.W.); (L.A.R.); (J.C.P.)
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Qiao Li
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB RT3 2N2, Canada; (Q.L.); (B.D.); (C.Y.)
| | - Bingqi Dong
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB RT3 2N2, Canada; (Q.L.); (B.D.); (C.Y.)
| | - Josiane C. Panisson
- Prairie Swine Centre, Inc., Saskatoon, SK S7H 5N9, Canada; (M.O.W.); (L.A.R.); (J.C.P.)
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Chengbo Yang
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB RT3 2N2, Canada; (Q.L.); (B.D.); (C.Y.)
| | - Daniel A. Columbus
- Prairie Swine Centre, Inc., Saskatoon, SK S7H 5N9, Canada; (M.O.W.); (L.A.R.); (J.C.P.)
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Goetz AR, Beebe DW, Peugh JL, Mara CA, Lanphear BP, Braun JM, Yolton K, Stark LJ. Longer sleep duration during infancy and toddlerhood predicts weight normalization among high birth weight infants. Sleep 2019; 42:5167948. [PMID: 30412240 PMCID: PMC6369726 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Study Objectives High birth weight (HBW; ≥ 4000 g) is strongly associated with later overweight, yet little is known about how to disrupt this trajectory. The current study examined sleep practices during infancy and toddlerhood among children born HBW or normal birth weight (NBW; 2500-3999 g). Methods Latent growth curve models were used to examine sleep during infancy and toddlerhood among 270 mother-child dyads enrolled in the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment Study. Total sleep duration in 24 hr, sleep maintenance, and restlessness/vocalizations were collected at 6 month intervals between ages 6 and 24 months. Height and weight were obtained at ages 24 or 36 months, and normal and overweight BMI were derived. Sleep was examined among children with a normal BMI during the preschool years who were either HBW (HBW-Normal, n = 36) or NBW (NBW-Normal, n = 184) compared with overweight preschoolers (Overweight, n = 50). It was predicted that the Overweight group would have poorer sleep across infancy and toddlerhood compared with HBW-Normal and NBW-Normal. Results HBW-Normal had the longest and Overweight had the shortest mean 24 hr sleep duration across all time points with NBW-Normal falling in-between the two groups. Compared with Overweight, HBW-Normal exhibited longer 24 hr sleep duration at age 6 months with this group difference maintained over infancy and toddlerhood. No group difference was found for NBW-Normal. Conclusions A longer sleep duration in the first several years of life is associated with development of normal BMI among HBW children. These findings suggest that longer sleep duration may protect HBW children from becoming overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R Goetz
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Dean W Beebe
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - James L Peugh
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Constance A Mara
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Bruce P Lanphear
- Child and Family Research Institute, British Columbia Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joseph M Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI
| | - Kimberly Yolton
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
- Division of General and Community Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Lori J Stark
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
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Goetz AR, Mara CA, Stark LJ. Greater Breastfeeding in Early Infancy Is Associated with Slower Weight Gain among High Birth Weight Infants. J Pediatr 2018; 201:27-33.e4. [PMID: 30007772 PMCID: PMC9578150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether feeding patterns from birth to age 6 months modify the association between birth weight and weight at 7-12 months of age. STUDY DESIGN Longitudinal mixed models were used to examine feeding trajectories across categories of birth weight and weight at 7-12 months of age in 1799 mother-infant dyads enrolled in the Infant Feeding Practices Study II. The percentage of breast milk received and the average daily formula consumption were calculated from birth to 6 months of age. Birth weights were classified as high (≥4000 g) and normal (≥2500 g and <4000 g). Weights at 7-12 months of age were categorized as high (z score >1) or normal (z score ≤1). A secondary analysis was performed using categories defined by birth weight adjusted for gestational age percentiles (>90% and 10th-90th percentile). RESULTS High birth weight (HBW) infants with high weights at 7-12 months of age demonstrated a rapid decline in the percentage of breast milk feedings compared with HBW infants with normal weights at 7-12 months of age. Normal birth weight infants with high weights at 7-12 months of age received a lower percentage of breast milk and had greater absolute intakes of formula than those with normal weights at 7-12 months of age; these associations did not vary over time. Results were similar when infants were categorized by birth weight percentiles. CONCLUSIONS A lower proportion of breast milk feedings was associated with excess weight at 7-12 months of age in HBW infants. These findings suggest an initial target for obesity prevention programs focusing on the first 6 months after birth.
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Domple VK, Doibale MK, Nair A, Rajput PS. Assessment of maternal risk factors associated with low birth weight neonates at a tertiary hospital, Nanded, Maharashtra. Niger Med J 2016; 57:37-43. [PMID: 27185977 PMCID: PMC4859111 DOI: 10.4103/0300-1652.180564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the maternal risk factors associated with low birth weight (LBW) neonates at a tertiary hospital, Nanded, Maharashtra. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital in Nanded city of Maharashtra between January 2014 and July 2014 among 160 cases (LBW-birth weight ≤2499 g) and 160 controls (normal birth weight-birth weight >2499. Data collection was done by using predesigned questionnaire and also related health documents were checked and collected the expected information during the interview after obtaining informed consent from mothers. The data were analyzed by Epi Info 7 Version. RESULTS The present study found the significant association among gestational age, sex of baby, type of delivery, maternal age, religion, education of mother and husband, occupation of mother and husband, type of family, maternal height, weight gain, hemoglobin level, planned/unplanned delivery, bad obstetric history, interval between pregnancies, previous history of LBW, underlying disease, tobacco chewing, timing of first antenatal care (ANC) visit, total number of ANC visit, and iron and folic acid (IFA) tablets consumption with LBW. No significant association was found among maternal age, residence, caste, consanguinity of marriage, socioeconomic status, gravida, birth order, multiple pregnancy, and smoking with LBW in our study. CONCLUSION It was concluded that hemoglobin level, weight gain during pregnancy, gestational age, planned/unplanned delivery, bad obstetric history, and IFA tablets consumption during pregnancy were independent risk factors for LBW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kishanrao Domple
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Shankarrao Chavan Government Medical College, Nanded, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mohan K Doibale
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abhilasha Nair
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Shankarrao Chavan Government Medical College, Nanded, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pinkesh S Rajput
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Shankarrao Chavan Government Medical College, Nanded, Maharashtra, India
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Gillberg L, Jacobsen SC, Rönn T, Brøns C, Vaag A. PPARGC1A DNA methylation in subcutaneous adipose tissue in low birth weight subjects--impact of 5 days of high-fat overfeeding. Metabolism 2014; 63:263-71. [PMID: 24262291 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increased DNA methylation of the metabolic regulator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PPARGC1A) has been reported in skeletal muscle from type 2 diabetes (T2D) subjects and from low birth weight (LBW) subjects with an increased risk of T2D. High-fat overfeeding increases PPARGC1A DNA methylation in muscle in a birth weight dependent manner. However, PPARGC1A DNA methylation in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in LBW subjects has not previously been investigated. Our objective was to determine PPARGC1A DNA methylation and mRNA expression in basal and insulin-stimulated SAT from LBW and matched normal birth weight (NBW) subjects during control and high-fat overfeeding. MATERIALS/METHODS Nineteen young healthy men with LBW and 26 NBW controls were studied after both a 5-day high-fat overfeeding and a control diet in a randomized crossover setting. DNA methylation was assessed with bisulfite sequencing and mRNA expression with quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS Following high-fat overfeeding, increased SAT PPARGC1A DNA methylation was observed in LBW subjects but not in NBW controls. Basal SAT PPARGC1A mRNA expression was unaffected by diet and similar in the two groups. However, LBW subjects showed an increased SAT PPARGC1A mRNA expression during insulin-stimulation. SAT PPARGC1A methylation correlated inversely with mRNA expression during insulin-stimulation. CONCLUSIONS The study adds to the increasing awareness of PPARGC1A DNA methylation being flexible and influenced by high-fat overfeeding in a birth weight dependent manner with muscle and fat responding differently. Further data are needed to understand the role of PPARGC1A DNA methylation in insulin resistance and developmental programming of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linn Gillberg
- Department of Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Tagensvej 20, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center, Niels Steensensvej 2, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark.
| | - Stine C Jacobsen
- Department of Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Tagensvej 20, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center, Niels Steensensvej 2, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Tina Rönn
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Brøns
- Department of Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Tagensvej 20, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center, Niels Steensensvej 2, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Allan Vaag
- Department of Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Tagensvej 20, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center, Niels Steensensvej 2, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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