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Zhao X, Huang HS, Shi SR. [Effects of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ on Modulating Angiopoietin-Like Protein 4 Synthesis in Caco-2 Cells Exposed to Clostridium butyricum]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2023; 57:501-502. [PMID: 37326053 DOI: 10.31857/s0026898423030217, edn: cibngm] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) is considered to be one of the important circulating mediators linking intestinal microorganisms and host lipid metabolism. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor у (PPARγ) on modulating ANGPTL4 synthesis in Caco-2 cells exposed to Clostridium butyricum. The viability of Caco-2 cells and the expression of PPARγ and ANGPTL4 in Caco-2 cells were detected after the Caco-2 cells were co-cultured with C. butyricum at the concentration of 1 x 10^(6), 1 x 10^(7) and 1 x 10^(8) CFU/mL. The results showed that cell viability was enhanced by C. butyricum. Besides, PPARγ and ANGPTL4 expression and secretion in Caco-2 cells was significantly increased by 1 x 10^(7) and 1 x 10^(8) CFU/mL of C. butyricum. Furthermore, the effects of PPARγ on modulating ANGPTL4 synthesis in Caco-2 cells regulated by 1 x 10^(8) CFU/mL of C. butyricum was also be expounded in PPARγ activation/inhibition model based on Caco-2 cells and via ChIP technique. It was found that C. butyricum promoted the binding of PPARγ to the PPAR binding site (chr19: 8362157-8362357, located upstream of the transcriptional start site of angptl4) of the angptl4 gene in Caco-2 cells. However, the PPARγ was not the only way for C. butyricum to stimulate ANGPTL4 production. Taken together, PPARγ played a role in the regulation of ANGPTL4 synthesis by C. butyricum in Caco-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhao
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Linyi, Shandong, 276000 China
| | - H S Huang
- Shandong Longda Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, 276400 China
| | - S R Shi
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 271018 China
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2
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Gayban AJB, Souza LAC, Cooper SG, Regalado E, Kleemann R, Feng Earley Y. (Pro)Renin Receptor Antagonism Attenuates High-Fat-Diet-Induced Hepatic Steatosis. Biomolecules 2023; 13. [PMID: 36671527 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) comprises a spectrum of liver damage directly related to diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. The (pro)renin receptor (PRR) has recently been demonstrated to play a role in glucose and lipid metabolism. Here, we test the hypothesis that the PRR regulates the development of diet-induced hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. C57Bl/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or normal-fat diet (NFD) with matching calories for 6 weeks. An 8-week methionine choline-deficient (MCD) diet was used to induce fibrosis. Two weeks following diet treatment, mice were implanted with a subcutaneous osmotic pump delivering either the peptide PRR antagonist, PRO20, or scrambled peptide for 4 or 6 weeks. Mice fed a 6-week HFD exhibited increased liver lipid accumulation and liver triglyceride content compared with NFD-fed mice. Importantly, PRO20 treatment reduced hepatic lipid accumulation in HFD-fed mice without affecting body weight or blood glucose. Furthermore, PRR antagonism attenuated HFD-induced steatosis, particularly microvesicular steatosis. In the MCD diet model, the percentage of collagen area was reduced in PRO20-treated compared with control mice. PRO20 treatment also significantly decreased levels of liver alanine aminotransferase, an indicator of liver damage, in MCD-fed mice compared with controls. Mechanistically, we found that PRR antagonism prevented HFD-induced increases in PPARγ and glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 3 expression in the liver. Taken together, our findings establish the involvement of the PRR in liver triglyceride synthesis and suggest the therapeutic potential of PRR antagonism for the treatment of liver steatosis and fibrosis in NAFLD.
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Chen H, Cui J, Wang J, Wang Y, Tong F, Tian Y, Gong Y, Ma Y, Liu L, Zhang X. 5‑Aminosalicylic acid attenuates paraquat‑induced lung fibroblast activation and pulmonary fibrosis of rats. Mol Med Rep 2021; 25:58. [PMID: 34913070 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is one of the most important pathological processes associated with paraquat (PQ) poisoning. 5‑Aminosalicylic acid (5‑ASA) has been shown to be a promising agent against fibrotic diseases. In the present study, the alleviating role of 5‑ASA was evaluated in a rat model of pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ intragastric poisoning (80 mg/kg). Wistar rats were divided into control, PQ, 5‑ASA (30 mg/kg daily, 14 days) and PQ + 5‑ASA groups. Histological examination revealed congestion, edema and inflammatory cell infiltration in the bronchial and alveolar walls at 3 days after PQ exposure. Alveolar septum thickening with alveolar lumen narrowing was observed at 14 days, while fibroblast proliferation, increase in collagen fiber number and fibrous thickening of the alveolar walls were observed at 28 day. All the aforementioned pulmonary injury changes in the PQ group were attenuated in the PQ + 5‑ASA group. Hydroxyproline (HYP) content increased in the lung tissues of the rats at 14 days after PQ treatment and reached a peak at 28 days. Compared with the PQ group, HYP contents of lung tissue decreased at 14 and 28 days after PQ + 5‑ASA treatment. Masson's trichrome staining revealed that the increase in the amount of collagen fibers in the lung tissues of rats in the PQ group was inhibited by 5‑ASA treatment, further confirming the alleviating effect of 5‑ASA on fibrosis. In addition, the results showed that 5‑ASA attenuated the upregulation of transforming growth factor‑β1 and phosphorylated‑SMAD3, and the reduction of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ induced by PQ in lung tissue of rats and human lung fibroblast WI‑38 VA13 cells. In conclusion, the results suggested that 5‑ASA had an alleviating effect on PQ‑induced pulmonary fibrosis, partly by suppressing the activation of the TGF‑β1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Emergency Department, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Jinfeng Cui
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Fei Tong
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Yingping Tian
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Gong
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Ma
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Xianghong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
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Hu Y, Wang C, Ha S, Zhu N, Cao Z, Song Y. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ promotes mineralization and differentiation in cementoblasts via inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:3700-3710. [PMID: 31709625 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors, which involved in inflammation regulating and bone remodeling. Rare studies explored the effects of PPARγ on mineralization and differentiation in cementoblasts. To explore the potential approaches to repair the damaged periodontal tissues especially for cementum, the present study aims to investigate the effects and the regulating mechanism of PPARγ on mineralization and differentiation in cementoblasts. Murine cementoblast cell lines (OCCM-30) were cultured in basic medium for 24 hours/48 hours or in mineralization medium for 3/7/10 days, respectively at addition of dimethyl sulphoxide, rosiglitazone (PPARγ agonist), GW9662 (PPARγ antagonist), lithium chloride (LiCl), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), or respective combination. Expression of mineralization genes alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt related transcription factors 2 (RUNX2), and osteocalcin (OCN) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or/and Western blot. ALP staining and alizarin red staining were used to evaluate the mineralization in OCCM-30 cells. The change of β-catenin expression and translocation in cytoplasm/nucleus was analyzed by Western blot and immunofluorescence. The results showed that PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone improved the expression of ALP, RUNX2, and OCN, deepened ALP staining, increased mineralized nodules formation, and decreased β-catenin expression in the nucleus. LiCl, an activator of the Wnt signaling pathway, inhibited the expression of mineralization genes and reversed the upregulated expression of mineralization genes resulted from rosiglitazone. Under inflammatory microenvironment, rosiglitazone not only suppressed the expression of interleukin-1β caused by TNF-α, but improved the expression of mineralization genes in OCCM-30 cells. In conclusion, PPARγ could promote mineralization and differentiation in cementoblasts via inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which would shed new light on the treatment of periodontitis and periodontal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Hu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Changning Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shanshan Ha
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ningjing Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yaling Song
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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王 虎, 樊 嘉, 陈 婉, 高 震, 张 桂, 吴 海, 俞 小. [Activation of PPARγ pathway enhances cellular anti-oxidant capacity to protect long-term cultured primary rat neural cells from apoptosis]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2019; 39:23-29. [PMID: 30692062 PMCID: PMC6765588 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.01.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the protective effect of enhanced peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) pathway against apoptosis of long-term cultured primary nerve cells. METHODS A natural aging model was established in primary rat nerve cells by long-term culture for 22 days. The cells were divided into control group, 0.1, 1.0, 5.0, and 10 μmol/L GW9662 intervention groups, and 0.1, 1.0, 5.0, and 10 μmol/L pioglitazone intervention groups. The cell viability was assessed using MTT assay and the cell morphological changes were observed after the treatments to determine the optimal concentrations of GW9662 and pioglitazone. Double immunofluorescence labeling and flow cytometry were used to observe the changes in the number of viable cells and cell apoptosis following the treatments; immunocytochemical staining was used to assess the changes in the anti-oxidation ability of the treated cells. RESULTS The optimal concentrations of GW9662 and pioglitazone determined based on the cell viability and morphological changes were both 1 μmol/L. Compared with the control group, GW9662 treatment significantly lowered while pioglitazone significantly increased the total cell number and nerve cell counts (P < 0.05), and nerve cells in the cell cultures maintained a constant ratio at about 80% in all the groups (P > 0.05). GW9662 significantly enhanced while pioglitazone significantly lowered the cell apoptosis rates compared with the control group (P < 0.05). GW9662 obviously lowered SOD activity and GSH content in G group (P < 0.05) and increased MDA content in the cells (P < 0.05), and pioglitazone resulted in reverse changes in SOD, GSH and MDA contents in the cells (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Activation of PPARγ pathway protects long-term cultured primary nerve cells by enhancing cellular anti-oxidant capacity and reducing cell apoptosis, suggesting a potential strategy for anti-aging treatment of the nervous system through intervention of the PPARγ pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- 虎清 王
- 西安交通大学医学院第二附属医院神经内科,陕西 西安 710004Department of Neurology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - 嘉欣 樊
- 西安交通大学医学院第二附属医院神经内科,陕西 西安 710004Department of Neurology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - 婉莹 陈
- 西安交通大学医学院第二附属医院神经内科,陕西 西安 710004Department of Neurology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - 震 高
- 西安交通大学医学院第二附属医院神经内科,陕西 西安 710004Department of Neurology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - 桂莲 张
- 西安交通大学医学院第二附属医院神经内科,陕西 西安 710004Department of Neurology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - 海琴 吴
- 西安交通大学医学院第二附属医院神经内科,陕西 西安 710004Department of Neurology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - 小瑞 俞
- 西安交通大学医学院医学中心生物化学和分子生物学系,陕西 西安 710004Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710004, China
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Dutta D, Lai KY, Reyes-Ordoñez A, Chen J, van der Donk WA. Lanthionine synthetase C-like protein 2 (LanCL2) is important for adipogenic differentiation. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:1433-1445. [PMID: 29880530 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m085274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipogenic differentiation is a highly regulated process that is necessary for metabolic homeostasis and nutrient sensing. The expression of PPARγ and the subsequent activation of adipogenic genes is critical for the process. In this study, we identified lanthionine synthetase C-like protein 2 (LanCL2) as a positive regulator of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. Knockdown of LanCL2, but not LanCL1, inhibited adipogenic differentiation, and this effect was not mediated through cAMP or Akt signaling pathways. The expression of early adipogenic markers CCAAT enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) and C/EBPδ remained intact in LanCL2 knockdown cells, but levels of late adipogenic markers PPARγ and C/EBPα were suppressed. The addition of the naturally occurring PPARγ activator 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 or conditioned medium from differentiating cells did not restore differentiation, implying that LanCL2 may not be involved in the production of a secreted endogenous PPARγ ligand. Pulldown assays demonstrated a direct physical interaction between LanCL2 and PPARγ. Consistent with a regulatory role of LanCL2, luciferase reporter assays revealed that full transcriptional activation by PPARγ was dependent on LanCL2. Taken together, our study reveals a novel role of LanCL2 in adipogenesis, specifically involved in PPARγ-mediated transactivation of downstream adipogenic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debapriya Dutta
- Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Kuan-Yu Lai
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Adriana Reyes-Ordoñez
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Wilfred A van der Donk
- Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL .,Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
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Lu Y, Chen J, Xian T, Zhou Y, Yuan W, Wang M, Gan Y, Wang K, Xiong S, Ma C, Yu X, Huang Q. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate suppresses differentiation of adipocytes via regulating the phosphorylation of FOXO1 mediated by PI3K-AKT signaling in 3T3-L1 cells. Oncotarget 2017; 9:7411-7423. [PMID: 29484120 PMCID: PMC5800912 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a pivotal effective component of green tea. It is known that EGCG has antioxidant activity, anti-angiogenesis, anti-tumor, cardiovascular protection and blood lipid regulation functions. Forkhead box-O1 (FOXO1) is one of the downstream signals of protein kinase B (AKT) and takes part in adipogenesis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of EGCG on adipose differentiation and the likely mechanisms. 3T3-L1 cells were induced by DMI for 2, 4, 6 and 8 days, respectively. During induction, the cells were treated with EGCG (5 μM, 10 μM, 50 μM and 100 μM) or DMSO for the first 2 days. In addition, another batch of 3T3-L1cells were treated with SC-3036 (PI3K activator, 10 µM), or LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor, 10 µM) alone or combined with EGCG (100 μM) for the indicated times. Medium glucose concentration, lipid accumulation, the levels of TNF-α, resistin, adiponectin and leptin and the expression of FOXO1, phosphorylated-FOXO1 (P-FOXO1), PPARγ, fatty acid synthase (FAS) were detected, respectively. The present study demonstrated that EGCG inhibited glucose uptake, lipid accumulation and adipokine secretion in a concentration-dependent manner during adipogenesis, which suggests that EGCG inhibits adipocyte’s differentiation, maturation and functions. Moreover, EGCG also down-regulated the expression levels of PPARγ and P-FOXO1. Conversely, the PI3K activator reversed these changes caused by EGCG, suggesting that the inhibitory effects of EGCG may be mediated by PI3K-AKT-FOXO1 pathway to negatively regulate the expression of PPARγ. The findings will provide a solid foundation for EGCG to prevent and cure the obesity-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Key Provincial Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Junye Chen
- Jiangxi Medical School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China.,Nanchang Joint Programme, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Tao Xian
- Key Provincial Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Yumeng Zhou
- Key Provincial Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Wanwan Yuan
- Key Provincial Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Mengxi Wang
- Key Provincial Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Yuyang Gan
- Jiangxi Medical School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China.,Nanchang Joint Programme, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Kun Wang
- Key Provincial Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Shaofeng Xiong
- Key Provincial Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Cong Ma
- Jiangxi Medical School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Xueying Yu
- Jiangxi Medical School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Qiren Huang
- Key Provincial Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
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8
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Pan Y, Zhao D, Yu N, An T, Miao J, Mo F, Gu Y, Zhang D, Gao S, Jiang G. Curcumin improves glycolipid metabolism through regulating peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ signalling pathway in high-fat diet-induced obese mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. R Soc Open Sci 2017; 4:170917. [PMID: 29291086 PMCID: PMC5717660 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.170917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin is an active component derived from Curcuma longa L. which is a traditional Chinese medicine that is widely used for treating metabolic diseases through regulating different molecular pathways. Here, in this study, we aimed to comprehensively investigate the effects of curcumin on glycolipid metabolism in vivo and in vitro and then determine the underlying mechanism. Male C57BL/6 J obese mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes were used for in vivo and in vitro study, respectively. Our results demonstrated that treatment with curcumin for eight weeks decreased body weight, fat mass and serum lipid profiles. Meanwhile, it lowered fasting blood glucose and increased the insulin sensitivity in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. In addition, curcumin stimulated lipolysis and improved glycolipid metabolism through upregulating the expressions of adipose triglyceride lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ/α (PPARγ/α) and CCAAT/enhancer binding proteinα (C/EBPα) in adipose tissue of the mice. In differentiated 3T3-L1 cells, curcumin reduced glycerol release and increased glucose uptake via upregulating PPARγ and C/EBPα. We concluded that curcumin has the potential to improve glycolipid metabolism disorders caused by obesity through regulating PPARγ signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyun Pan
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Diabetes Research Center, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Yu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian An
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianan Miao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Mo
- Diabetes Research Center, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Gu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- Diabetes Research Center, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Sihua Gao
- Diabetes Research Center, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
- Authors for correspondence: Sihua Gao e-mail:
| | - Guangjian Jiang
- Diabetes Research Center, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
- Authors for correspondence: Guangjian Jiang e-mail:
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Liu D, Gong L, Zhu H, Pu S, Wu Y, Zhang W, Huang G. Curcumin Inhibits Transforming Growth Factor β Induced Differentiation of Mouse Lung Fibroblasts to Myofibroblasts. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:419. [PMID: 27877129 PMCID: PMC5099146 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) induced differentiation of lung fibroblasts to myofibroblasts is a key event in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of curcumin on TGF-β induced differentiation of lung fibroblasts to myofibroblasts and explore the underlying mechanism. Mouse lung fibroblasts were cultured and treated with TGF-β2 and curcumin or rosiglitazone. Cell vitality was examined by MTT assay. The secretion of collagen-1 was assessed by ELISA. α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was visualized by immunofluorescence technique. The expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) and platelet derived growth factor R β (PDGFR-β) was detected by PCR and Western blot analysis. We found that curcumin and rosiglitazone inhibited the proliferation and TGF-β induced differentiation of mouse lung fibroblasts. In addition, curcumin and rosiglitazone inhibited collagen-1 secretion and α-SMA expression in mouse lung fibroblasts. Furthermore, curcumin and rosiglitazone upregulated PPAR-γ and downregulated PDGFR-β expression in mouse lung fibroblasts. In conclusion, our study reveals novel mechanism by which curcumin inhibits TGF-β2 driven differentiation of lung fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. Curcumin could potentially be used for effective treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daishun Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases in Zunyi, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College Zunyi, China
| | - Ling Gong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases in Zunyi, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College Zunyi, China
| | - Honglan Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases in Zunyi, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College Zunyi, China
| | - Shenglan Pu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases in Zunyi, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College Zunyi, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases in Zunyi, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College Zunyi, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases in Zunyi, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College Zunyi, China
| | - Guichuan Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases in Zunyi, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College Zunyi, China
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Byrns MC, Duan L, Lee SH, Blair IA, Penning TM. Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 expression in MCF-7 cells reveals roles in steroid hormone and prostaglandin metabolism that may explain its over-expression in breast cancer. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2010; 118:177-87. [PMID: 20036328 PMCID: PMC2819162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2009.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2009] [Revised: 12/15/2009] [Accepted: 12/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductase (AKR) 1C3 (type 5 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and prostaglandin F synthase), may stimulate proliferation via steroid hormone and prostaglandin (PG) metabolism in the breast. Purified recombinant AKR1C3 reduces PGD(2) to 9alpha,11beta-PGF(2), Delta(4)-androstenedione to testosterone, progesterone to 20alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, and to a lesser extent, estrone to 17beta-estradiol. We established MCF-7 cells that stably express AKR1C3 (MCF-7-AKR1C3 cells) to model its over-expression in breast cancer. AKR1C3 expression increased steroid conversion by MCF-7 cells, leading to a pro-estrogenic state. Unexpectedly, estrone was reduced fastest by MCF-7-AKR1C3 cells when compared to other substrates at 0.1muM. MCF-7-AKR1C3 cells proliferated three times faster than parental cells in response to estrone and 17beta-estradiol. AKR1C3 therefore represents a potential target for attenuating estrogen receptor alpha induced proliferation. MCF-7-AKR1C3 cells also reduced PGD(2), limiting its dehydration to form PGJ(2) products. The AKR1C3 product was confirmed as 9alpha,11beta-PGF(2) and quantified with a stereospecific stable isotope dilution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method. This method will allow the examination of the role of AKR1C3 in endogenous prostaglandin formation in response to inflammatory stimuli. Expression of AKR1C3 reduced the anti-proliferative effects of PGD(2) on MCF-7 cells, suggesting that AKR1C3 limits peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) signaling by reducing formation of 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-PGJ(2) (15dPGJ(2)).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Trevor M. Penning
- Address correspondence and requests for reprints to: Trevor M. Penning, Ph.D., 130C John Morgan Bldg, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6084, Phone: 215-898-9445, FAX: 215-898-7180,
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11
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Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ expression in mucosal epithelial cells seems to be crucial for its anti‐inflammatory effects with respect to experimental colitis, and for maintaining homeostasis of the mucosal barrier, at least in animal models
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rogler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Regensburg, Germany.
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12
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Adachi M, Kurotani R, Morimura K, Shah Y, Sanford M, Madison BB, Gumucio DL, Marin HE, Peters JM, Young HA, Gonzalez FJ. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma in colonic epithelial cells protects against experimental inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 2006; 55:1104-13. [PMID: 16547072 PMCID: PMC1513267 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2005.081745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) is expressed in epithelial cells, macrophage, and T and B lymphocytes. Ligand induced activation of PPARgamma was reported to attenuate colitis activity but it is not clear whether this protection is mediated by epithelial or leucocyte PPARgamma. METHODS Mice with targeted disruption of the PPARgamma gene in intestinal epithelial cells, generated using a villin-Cre transgene and floxed PPARgamma allele and designated PPARgamma(DeltaIEpC), were compared with littermate mice having only the PPARgamma floxed allele with no Cre transgene that expressed PPARgamma in the gut, designated PPARgamma(F/F). Colitis was induced by administering dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) and the two mouse lines compared for typical symptoms of disease and expression of inflammatory cytokines. RESULTS PPARgamma(DeltaIEpC) mice displayed reduced expression of the PPARgamma target genes ADRP and FABP in the gut but were otherwise normal. Increased susceptibility to DSS induced colitis, as defined by body weight loss, colon length, diarrhoea, bleeding score, and altered histology, was found in PPARgamma(DeltaIEpC) mice in comparison with PPARgamma(F/F) mice. Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, and tumour necrosis factor alpha mRNA levels in colons of PPARgamma(DeltaIEpC) mice treated with DSS were higher than in similarly treated PPARgamma(F/F) mice. The PPARgamma ligand rosiglitazone decreased the severity of DSS induced colitis and suppressed cytokine production in both PPARgamma(F/F) and PPARgamma(DeltaIEpC) mice. CONCLUSIONS These studies reveal that PPARgamma expressed in the colonic epithelium has an endogenous role in protection against DSS induced colitis and that rosiglitazone may act through a PPARgamma independent pathway to suppress inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Adachi
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Toyoda M, Takagi H, Horiguchi N, Kakizaki S, Sato K, Takayama H, Mori M. A ligand for peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in human liver cancer cells. Gut 2002; 50:563-7. [PMID: 11889080 PMCID: PMC1773180 DOI: 10.1136/gut.50.4.563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Induction of apoptosis of cancer cells through ligands of nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs) is a new approach in cancer therapy. Recently, one of the NHRs, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma), has been shown to influence cell growth in certain cancer cells although its effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been analysed. METHODS Experiments were conducted using three human liver cancer cell lines, PLC/PRF/5, Hep G2 and HuH-7, in vitro. These cells were exposed to troglitazone, a synthetic ligand for PPARgamma, and the effects on cell growth were analysed. RESULTS Expression of PPARgamma mRNA was detected in all three liver cancer cell lines. Activation of PPARgamma by troglitazone caused a marked growth inhibition in a dose dependent manner in three hepatoma cell lines. The DNA fragmentation ELISA assay and Hoechst 33258 staining revealed that the growth inhibitory effect by adding troglitazone was due to apoptosis of PLC/PRF/5, which strongly expressed PPARgamma. Troglitazone also induced activation of the cell death protease, caspase 3, but not caspase 8, in PLC/PRF/5 cells. However, expression levels of antiapoptotic factor bcl-2 and apoptosis inducing factor bax were not affected. CONCLUSION Our study showed that PPARgamma was expressed in human liver cancer cells and that the ligand for PPARgamma, troglitazone, inhibited the growth of these cells by inducing apoptosis through caspase 3 activation, indicating that troglitazone could be potentially useful as an apoptosis inducer for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Toyoda
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Gunma University School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
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