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Wang S, Wang M, Gao X, Zhao W, Miao P, Liu Y, Zhang R, Wang X, Sui X, Li MH. The Diversity and Composition of Soil Microbial Communities Differ in Three Land Use Types of the Sanjiang Plain, Northeastern China. Microorganisms 2024; 12:780. [PMID: 38674724 PMCID: PMC11052253 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the Sanjiang Plain has experienced drastic human activities, which have dramatically changed its ecological environment. Soil microorganisms can sensitively respond to changes in soil quality as well as ecosystem function. In this study, we investigated the changes in soil microbial community diversity and composition of three typical land use types (forest, wetland and cropland) in the Sanjiang Plain using phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA) technology, and 114 different PLFA compounds were identified. The results showed that the soil physicochemical properties changed significantly (p < 0.05) among the different land use types; the microbial diversity and abundance in cropland soil were lower than those of the other two land use types. Soil pH, soil water content, total organic carbon and available nitrogen were the main soil physico-chemical properties driving the composition of the soil microbial community. Our results indicate that the soil microbial community response to the three different habitats is complex, and provide ideas for the mechanism by which land use changes in the Sanjiang Plain affect the structure of soil microbial communities, as well as a theoretical basis for the future management and sustainable use of the Sanjiang plain, in the northeast of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenzheng Wang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Key Laboratory of Microbiology, Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, College of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; (S.W.); (M.W.); (X.G.); (P.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Mingyu Wang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Key Laboratory of Microbiology, Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, College of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; (S.W.); (M.W.); (X.G.); (P.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Xin Gao
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Key Laboratory of Microbiology, Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, College of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; (S.W.); (M.W.); (X.G.); (P.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Wenqi Zhao
- Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Resources Rights and Interests Investigation and Monitoring Institute, Harbin 150088, China;
| | - Puwen Miao
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Key Laboratory of Microbiology, Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, College of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; (S.W.); (M.W.); (X.G.); (P.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Yingnan Liu
- Institute of Nature and Ecology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150001, China; (Y.L.); (R.Z.)
| | - Rongtao Zhang
- Institute of Nature and Ecology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150001, China; (Y.L.); (R.Z.)
| | - Xin Wang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Key Laboratory of Microbiology, Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, College of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; (S.W.); (M.W.); (X.G.); (P.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Xin Sui
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Key Laboratory of Microbiology, Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, College of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; (S.W.); (M.W.); (X.G.); (P.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Mai-He Li
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- School of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
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Liao J, Yuan Z, Wang X, Chen T, Qian K, Cui Y, Rong A, Zheng C, Liu Y, Wang D, Pan L. Magnesium oxide nanoparticles reduce clubroot by regulating plant defense response and rhizosphere microbial community of tumorous stem mustard ( Brassica juncea var. tumida). Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1370427. [PMID: 38572228 PMCID: PMC10989686 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1370427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, is a major disease that significantly impairs the yield of cruciferous crops and causes significant economic losses across the globe. The prevention of clubroot, especially in tumorous stem mustard (without resistant varieties), are is limited and primarily relies on fungicides. Engineered nanoparticles have opened up new avenues for the management of plant diseases, but there is no report on their application in the prevention of clubroot. The results showed that the control efficacy of 500 mg/L MgO NPs against clubroot was 54.92%. However, when the concentration was increased to 1,500 and 2,500 mg/L, there was no significant change in the control effect. Compared with CK, the average fresh and dry weight of the aerial part of plants treated with MgO NPs increased by 392.83 and 240.81%, respectively. Compared with the F1000 treatment, increases were observed in the content of soil available phosphorus (+16.72%), potassium (+9.82%), exchangeable magnesium (+24.20%), and water-soluble magnesium (+20.64%) in the 1,500 mg/L MgO NPs treatment. The enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) results showed that the application of MgO NPs significantly increased soil peroxidase (POD, +52.69%), alkaline protease (AP, +41.21%), alkaline phosphatase (ALP, +79.26%), urease (+52.69%), and sucrase (+56.88%) activities; And also increased plant L-phenylalanine ammonla-lyase (PAL, +70.49%), polyphenol oxidase (PPO, +36.77%), POD (+38.30%), guaiacol peroxidase (POX, +55.46%) activities and salicylic acid (SA, +59.86%) content. However, soil and plant catalase (CAT, -27.22 and - 19.89%, respectively), and plant super oxidase dismutase (SOD, -36.33%) activities were significantly decreased after the application of MgO NPs. The metagenomic sequencing analysis showed that the MgO NPs treatments significantly improved the α-diversity of the rhizosphere soil microbial community. The relative abundance of beneficial bacteria genera in the rhizosphere soil, including Pseudomonas, Sphingopyxis, Acidovorax, Variovorax, and Bosea, was significantly increased. Soil metabolic functions, such as oxidative phosphorylation (ko00190), carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes (ko00720), indole alkaloid biosynthesis (ko00901), and biosynthesis of various antibiotics (ko00998) were significantly enriched. These results suggested that MgO NPs might control clubroot by promoting the transformation and utilization of soil nutrients, stimulating plant defense responses, and enriching soil beneficial bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liao
- School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zitong Yuan
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangmei Wang
- School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kun Qian
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Cui
- School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Anping Rong
- School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunyang Zheng
- School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanxiu Liu
- School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Diandong Wang
- School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Limei Pan
- School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
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Yang X, Cao X, Bai B, Yuan YN, Zhang N, Xie Y, Wu CC. Effects of root-applied biochar on soil nitrogen transformation and root nitrogen metabolism of cucumber seedlings in facility continuous cropping soils. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2024; 35:713-720. [PMID: 38646759 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202403.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The problem of soil barrier caused by excessive accumulation of nitrogen is common in continuous cropping soil of facility agriculture. To investigate the modulating effects of biochar amendment on soil nitrogen transformation in greenhouse continuous cropping systems, we conducted a pot experiment with two treatments, no biochar addition (CK) and 5% biochar addition (mass ratio). We analyzed the effects of biochar addition on soil microbial community structure, abundances of genes functioning in nitrogen cycling, root growth and nitrogen metabolism-related genes expressions of cucumber seedlings. The results showed that biochar addition significantly increased plant height, root dry mass, total root length, root surface area, and root volume of cucumber seedlings. Rhizosphere environment was improved, which enhanced root nitrogen absorption by inducing the up-regulation of genes expressions related to plant nitrogen metabolism. Biochar addition significantly increased soil microbial biomass nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and nitrite nitrogen contents. The abundances of bacteria that involved in nitrogen metabolism, including Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Rhizobiales (soil nitrogen-fixing bacteria), were also significantly improved in the soil. The abundances of genes functioning in soil nitrification and nitrogen assimilation reduction, and the activities of enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolisms such as hydroxylamine dehydrogenase, nitronate monooxygenase, carbonic anhydrase were increased. In summary, biochar addition improved soil physicochemical properties and microbial community, and affected soil nitrogen cycling through promoting nitrification and nitrogen assimilation. Finally, nitrogen adsorption capacity and growth of cucumber plant was increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- College of Horticulture Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology/Hebei Key Laboratory of Horticultural Germplasm Excavation and Innovative Utilization, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, China
| | - Xia Cao
- College of Horticulture Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology/Hebei Key Laboratory of Horticultural Germplasm Excavation and Innovative Utilization, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, China
| | - Bing Bai
- College of Horticulture Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology/Hebei Key Laboratory of Horticultural Germplasm Excavation and Innovative Utilization, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, China
| | - Yan-Na Yuan
- College of Horticulture Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology/Hebei Key Laboratory of Horticultural Germplasm Excavation and Innovative Utilization, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology/Hebei Key Laboratory of Horticultural Germplasm Excavation and Innovative Utilization, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, China
| | - Yang Xie
- College of Horticulture Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology/Hebei Key Laboratory of Horticultural Germplasm Excavation and Innovative Utilization, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, China
| | - Chun-Cheng Wu
- College of Horticulture Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology/Hebei Key Laboratory of Horticultural Germplasm Excavation and Innovative Utilization, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, China
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Wang ZH, Liu S, Yang G, Lu ZY, Zhu RQ, Li Y, Shen Y, Kang LP, Chen ML. [Effects of organic fertilizer from traditional Chinese medicine residues on growth and soil microbial community of Salvia miltiorrhiza by metagenomic technique]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2024; 49:1206-1216. [PMID: 38621967 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20231213.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Soil microbiome is a key evaluation index of soil health. Previous studies have shown that organic fertilizer from traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)residues can improve the yield and quality of cultivated traditional Chinese medicinal materials. However, there are few reports on the effects of organic fertilizer from TCM residues on soil microbiome. Therefore, on the basis of evaluating the effects of organic fertilizer from TCM residues on the yield and quality of cultivated Salvia miltiorrhiza, the metagenomic sequencing technique was used to study the effects of organic fertilizer from TCM residues on rhizosphere microbiome community and function of cultivated S. miltiorrhiza. The results showed that:(1) the application of organic fertilizer from TCM residues promoted the growth of S. miltiorrhiza and the accumulation of active components, and the above-ground and underground dry weight and fresh weight of S. miltiorrhiza increased by 371.4%, 288.3%, 313.4%, and 151.9%. The increases of rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid B were 887.0% and 183.0%.(2)The application of organic fertilizer from TCM residues significantly changed the rhizosphere bacterial and fungal community structures, and the microbial community composition was significantly different.(3)The relative abundance of soil-beneficial bacteria, such as Nitrosospira multiformis, Bacillus subtilis, Lysobacter enzymogenes, and Trichoderma was significantly increased by the application of organic fertilizer from TCM residues.(4)KEGG function prediction analysis showed that metabolism-related microorganisms were more easily enriched in the soil environment after organic fertilizer application. The abundance of functional genes related to nitrification and denitrification could also be increased after the application of organic fertilizer from TCM residues. The results of this study provide guidance for the future application of organic fertilizer from TCM residues in the cultivation of traditio-nal Chinese medicinal materials and enrich the content of green cultivation technology of traditional Chinese medicinal materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Sha Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zu-Yu Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Rong-Qing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ye Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Li-Ping Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Mei-Lan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
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Gu Y, Chen X, Shen Y, Chen X, He G, He X, Wang G, He H, Lv Z. The response of nutrient cycle, microbial community abundance and metabolic function to nitrogen fertilizer in rhizosphere soil of Phellodendron chinense Schneid seedlings. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1302775. [PMID: 38173676 PMCID: PMC10762311 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1302775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) as an essential macronutrient affects the soil nutrient cycle, microbial community abundance, and metabolic function. However, the specific responses of microorganisms and metabolic functions in rhizosphere soil of Phellodendron chinense Schneid seedlings to N addition remain unclear. In this study, four treatments (CK, N5, N10 and N15) were conducted, and the soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, microbial community abundances and diversities, metabolism, and gene expressions were investigated in rhizosphere soil of P. chinense Schneid. The results showed that N addition significantly decreased rhizosphere soil pH, among which the effect of N10 treatment was better. N10 treatment significantly increased the contents of available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) and sucrase (SU) activity, as well as fungal diversity and the relative expression abundances of amoA and phoD genes in rhizosphere soil, but observably decreased the total phosphorus (TP) content, urease (UR) activity and bacterial diversity, among which the pH, soil organic matter (SOM), AP, NH4+-N and NO3--N were the main environmental factors for affecting rhizosphere soil microbial community structure based on RDA and correlation analyses. Meanwhile, N10 treatment notably enhanced the absolute abundances of the uracil, guanine, indole, prostaglandin F2α and γ-glutamylalanine, while reduced the contents of D-phenylalanine and phenylacetylglycine in rhizosphere soil of P. chinense Schneid seedlings. Furthermore, the soil available nutrients represented a significant correlation with soil metabolites and dominant microorganisms, suggesting that N10 addition effectively regulated microbial community abundance and metabolic functions by enhancing nutrient cycle in the rhizosphere soil of P. chinense Schneid seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzheng Gu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry & Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
- International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology Innovation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xianglin Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry & Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
- International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology Innovation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Shen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry & Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
- International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology Innovation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoyong Chen
- College of Arts and Sciences, Governors State University, University Park, IL, United States
| | - Gongxiu He
- National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry & Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
- International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology Innovation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinxing He
- National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry & Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
- International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology Innovation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guangjun Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry & Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
- International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology Innovation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hanjie He
- National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry & Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
- International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology Innovation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhencheng Lv
- School of Life Sciences, Huizhou University, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
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Luo F, Liu W, Mi W, Ma X, Liu K, Ju Z, Li W. Legume-grass mixtures increase forage yield by improving soil quality in different ecological regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1280771. [PMID: 37929174 PMCID: PMC10620939 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1280771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Information on the relationship between soil quality and forage yield of legume-grass mixtures in different ecological regions can guide decision-making to achieve eco-friendly and sustainable pasture production. This study's objective was to assess the effects of different cropping systems on soil physical properties, nitrogen fractions, enzyme activities, and forage yield and determine suitable legume-grass mixtures for different ecoregions. Methods Oats (Avena sativa L.), forage peas (Pisum sativum L.), common vetch (Vicia sativa L.), and fava beans (Vicia faba L.) were grown in monocultures and mixtures (YS: oats and forage peas; YJ: oats and common vetch; YC: oats and fava beans) in three ecological regions (HZ: Huangshui Valley; GN: Sanjiangyuan District; MY: Qilian Mountains Basin) in a split-plot design. Results The results showed that the forage yield decreased with increasing altitude, with an order of GN (3203 m a.s.l.; YH 8.89 t·ha-1) < HZ (2661 m; YH 9.38 t·ha-1) < MY (2513m; YH 9.78 t·ha-1). Meanwhile, the forage yield was higher for mixed crops than for single crops in all ecological regions. In the 0-10 cm soil layer, the contents of total nitrogen (TN), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), soil organic matter (SOM), soluble organic nitrogen (SON), urease (UE), nitrate reductase (NR), sucrase (SC), and bacterial community alpha diversity, as well as relative abundance of dominant bacteria, were higher for mixed crops than for oats unicast. In addition, soil physical properties, nitrogen fractions, and enzyme activities varied in a wider range in the 0-10 cm soil layer than in the 10-20 cm layer, with larger values in the surface layer than in the subsurface layer. MBN, SON, UE, SC and catalase (CAT) were significantly and positively correlated with forage yield (P < 0.05). Ammonium nitrogen (ANN), nitrate nitrogen (NN), SOM and cropping systems (R) were significantly and positively correlated with Shannon and bacterial community (P < 0.05). The highest yields in the three ecological regions were 13.00 t·ha-1 for YS in MY, 10.59 t·ha-1 for YC in GN, and 10.63 t·ha-1 for YS in HZ. Discussion We recommend planting oats and forage peas in the Qilian Mountains Basin, oats and fava beans in the Sanjiangyuan District, and oats and forage peas in Huangshui valley. Our results provide new insights into eco-friendly, sustainable, and cost-effective forage production in the Qinghai Alpine Region in China.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenhui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Qinghai Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, China
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Zaborowska M, Wyszkowska J, Borowik A, Kucharski J. Bisphenols-A Threat to the Natural Environment. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6500. [PMID: 37834637 PMCID: PMC10573430 DOI: 10.3390/ma16196500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Negative public sentiment built up around bisphenol A (BPA) follows growing awareness of the frequency of this chemical compound in the environment. The increase in air, water, and soil contamination by BPA has also generated the need to replace it with less toxic analogs, such as Bisphenol F (BPF) and Bisphenol S (BPS). However, due to the structural similarity of BPF and BPS to BPA, questions arise about the safety of their usage. The toxicity of BPA, BPF, and BPS towards humans and animals has been fairly well understood. The biodegradability potential of microorganisms towards each of these bisphenols is also widely recognized. However, the scale of their inhibitory pressure on soil microbiomes and soil enzyme activity has not been estimated. These parameters are extremely important in determining soil health, which in turn also influences plant growth and development. Therefore, in this manuscript, knowledge has been expanded and systematized regarding the differences in toxicity between BPA and its two analogs. In the context of the synthetic characterization of the effects of bisphenol permeation into the environment, the toxic impact of BPA, BPF, and BPS on the microbiological and biochemical parameters of soils was traced. The response of cultivated plants to their influence was also analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Zaborowska
- Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Wyszkowska
- Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agata Borowik
- Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jan Kucharski
- Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland
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Guo L, Tóth T, Yang F, Wang Z. Effects of different types of vegetation cover on soil microorganisms and humus characteristics of soda-saline land in the Songnen Plain. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1163444. [PMID: 37808294 PMCID: PMC10551454 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1163444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the soda-saline grasslands of the Songnen Plain, Jilin Province, China, the prohibition of grazing has led to significant changes in plant communities and soil properties. However, the intricate interplay between soil physical and chemical attributes, the soil microbial community, and their combined influence on soil humus composition remains poorly understood. Methods Our study aimed to evaluate the impact of natural vegetation restoration on soil properties, microbial community diversity, and composition in the soda-saline soil region of the Songnen Plain. We conducted assessments of soil physical and chemical properties, analyzed community diversity, and composition at a soil depth range of 0-20 cm. The study covered soils with dominant soda-saline vegetation species, including Suaeda glauca Bunge, Puccinellia chinampoensis Ohwi, Chloris virgata Swarta, Phragmites australis (Clay.), Leymus chinensis (Trin.), and Tzvelev. We compared these vegetated soils to bare land devoid of any plants. Results We found that soil organic content (SOC) in vegetation restoration areas was higher than in bare land, with SOC content varying between 3.64 and 11.15 g/kg in different vegetated areas. Notably, soil pH emerged as a pivotal factor, explaining 11.4% and 12.2% of the variance in soil bacteria and fungi, respectively. There were correlations between SOC content and the relative abundance of specific microbial groups, with Acidobacteria and Mortierella showing a positive correlation, while Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Ascomycota exhibited significant negative correlations with SOC. Discussion The disparities in SOC composition and content among the soda-saline vegetation types were primarily attributed to variations in pH. Consequently, reducing soil pH is identified as a critical step in the process of vegetation restoration in soda-saline land. Prohibiting grazing has the potential to increase soda-saline SOC content and enhance microbial diversity, with Leymus chinensis and Phragmites australis showing particularly promising results in terms of higher SOC carbon content and microbial diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Guo
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tibor Tóth
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Institute for Soil Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fan Yang
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zhichun Wang
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
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Xu Y, Liang T, Dai H, Zhai Z, Chen Y, Yin G, Zhang Y, Yue C. Characteristics of soil microbial communities in farmland with different comprehensive fertility levels in the Panxi area, Sichuan, China. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1237409. [PMID: 37779721 PMCID: PMC10539910 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1237409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil bacterial communities are intricately linked to ecosystem functioning, and understanding how communities assemble in response to environmental change is ecologically significant. Little is known about the assembly processes of bacteria communities across agro-ecosystems, particularly with regard to their environmental adaptation. To gain further insights into the microbial community characteristics of agro-ecosystems soil in the Panxi area of Sichuan Province and explore the key environmental factors driving the assembly process of the microbial community, this study conducted field sampling in major farmland areas of Panxi area and used Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology to conduct bacterial sequencing. Soil organic matter (SOM), alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK) and other environmental factors were determined. The membership function method and principal component analysis method were used to evaluate the fertility of the soil. The results revealed minimal differences in alpha diversity index among samples with different comprehensive fertility indices, while NMDS analysis showed that community differences between species were mainly reflected in high fertility and low fertility (R: 0.068, p: 0.011). Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria were the main types of microbial communities, accounting for more than 60% of the relative abundance. Proteobacteria accounted for a higher proportion in the high fertility samples, while Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria accounted for a higher proportion in the middle and low fertility samples. Both the neutral theoretical model and zero model analysis showed that the microbial communities in tobacco-planting soil with different comprehensive fertility indices presented a random assembly process. With the increase in environmental distance difference, the diversity of the microbial community in medium and low-fertility soil also increased, but there was no significant change in high-fertility soil. Redundancy analysis showed that pH and SOM were the key factors affecting microbial community composition. The results of this study can provide a theoretical reference for the study of environmental factors and microbial communities in tobacco-growing soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Xu
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Funiu Mountain Biological and Ecological Environment Observatory Research Project, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Taibo Liang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huaxin Dai
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhen Zhai
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yulan Chen
- Liangshan Branch of Sichuan Tobacco Company, Xichang, Sichuan, China
| | - Guangting Yin
- China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yanling Zhang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Caipeng Yue
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Funiu Mountain Biological and Ecological Environment Observatory Research Project, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Chi Y, Song S, Xiong K. Effects of different grassland use patterns on soil bacterial communities in the karst desertification areas. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1208971. [PMID: 37720153 PMCID: PMC10500843 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1208971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil bacteria are closely related to soil environmental factors, and their community structure is an important indicator of ecosystem health and sustainability. A large number of artificial grasslands have been established to control rocky desertification in the karst areas of southern China, but the influence of different use patterns on the soil bacterial community in artificial grasslands is not clear. In this study, three grassland use patterns [i.e., grazing (GG), mowing (MG), and enclosure (EG)] were used to investigate the effects of different use patterns on the soil bacterial community in artificial grassland by using 16S rDNA Illumina sequencing and 12 soil environmental indicators. It was found that, compared with EG, GG significantly changed soil pH, increased alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen (AN) content (P < 0.05), and decreased soil total phosphorus (TP) content (P < 0.05). However, MG significantly decreased the contents of soil organic carbon (SOC), total phosphorus (TP), available nitrogen (AN), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), β-1,4-glucosidase (BG), and N-acetyl-β-D-glucamosonidase (NAG) (P < 0.05). The relative abundance of chemoheterotrophy was significantly decreased by GG and MG (P < 0.05). GG significantly increased the relative abundance of Acidobacteria and Gemmatimonadota (P < 0.05) and significantly decreased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria (P < 0.05), but the richness index (Chao 1) and diversity index (Shannon) of the bacterial community in GG, MG, and EG were not significantly different (P > 0.05). The pH (R2 = 0.79, P = 0.029) was the main factor affecting the bacterial community structure. This finding can provide a scientific reference for ecological restoration and sustainable utilization of grasslands in the karst desertification areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkuan Chi
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Karst Desertification Control and Eco-Industry, Guiyang, China
| | - Shuzhen Song
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kangning Xiong
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Karst Desertification Control and Eco-Industry, Guiyang, China
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11
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Li P, Liu J, Saleem M, Liu M. Editorial: Soil microorganisms under ecological planting. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1227230. [PMID: 37614605 PMCID: PMC10443092 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1227230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfa Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture/Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Liu
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement/Institute of Soil & Fertilizer and Resources & Environment, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, United States
| | - Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture/Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing/University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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12
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Feng J, Yu D, Sinsabaugh RL, Moorhead DL, Andersen MN, Smith P, Song Y, Li X, Huang Q, Liu YR, Chen J. Trade-offs in carbon-degrading enzyme activities limit long-term soil carbon sequestration with biochar addition. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2023; 98:1184-1199. [PMID: 36914985 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar amendment is one of the most promising agricultural approaches to tackle climate change by enhancing soil carbon (C) sequestration. Microbial-mediated decomposition processes are fundamental for the fate and persistence of sequestered C in soil, but the underlying mechanisms are uncertain. Here, we synthesise 923 observations regarding the effects of biochar addition (over periods ranging from several weeks to several years) on soil C-degrading enzyme activities from 130 articles across five continents worldwide. Our results showed that biochar addition increased soil ligninase activity targeting complex phenolic macromolecules by 7.1%, but suppressed cellulase activity degrading simpler polysaccharides by 8.3%. These shifts in enzyme activities explained the most variation of changes in soil C sequestration across a wide range of climatic, edaphic and experimental conditions, with biochar-induced shift in ligninase:cellulase ratio correlating negatively with soil C sequestration. Specifically, short-term (<1 year) biochar addition significantly reduced cellulase activity by 4.6% and enhanced soil organic C sequestration by 87.5%, whereas no significant responses were observed for ligninase activity and ligninase:cellulase ratio. However, long-term (≥1 year) biochar addition significantly enhanced ligninase activity by 5.2% and ligninase:cellulase ratio by 36.1%, leading to a smaller increase in soil organic C sequestration (25.1%). These results suggest that shifts in enzyme activities increased ligninase:cellulase ratio with time after biochar addition, limiting long-term soil C sequestration with biochar addition. Our work provides novel evidence to explain the diminished soil C sequestration with long-term biochar addition and suggests that earlier studies may have overestimated soil C sequestration with biochar addition by failing to consider the physiological acclimation of soil microorganisms over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Feng
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Dailin Yu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Robert L Sinsabaugh
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87102, USA
| | - Daryl L Moorhead
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43537, USA
| | - Mathias Neumann Andersen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, Tjele, 8830, Denmark
- iCLIMATE Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Eastern Yanqihu Campus, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 380 Huaibeizhuang, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Pete Smith
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, UK
| | - Yanting Song
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xinqi Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qiaoyun Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yu-Rong Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ji Chen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, Tjele, 8830, Denmark
- iCLIMATE Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China
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Sun Y, Zeng R, Fang W, Hua J, Huang S, Wang Q, Cao A, Zhu F, Zhang H. Mechanisms by which chloropicrin fumigation promotes soil potassium conversion and absorption. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1208973. [PMID: 37520378 PMCID: PMC10373873 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1208973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fumigation of soil using chloropicrin has been proven to significantly affect soil nutrient cycling, but the mechanism by which soil potassium conversion and plant uptake is promoted remains unclear. In this study, we conducted a fumigation experiment to investigate the effects of chloropicrin soil fumigation on the conversion of soil potassium post-fumigation (days 7-70), and its mechanisms, tomatos were planted in fumigated and non-fumigated soils to enable further comparisons. Results showed that the content of rapidly available potassium and available potassium decreased by 16-24% and 17-23% at day 28 respectively, when tomato was planted in chloropicrin-fumigated soils compared to the non-fumigated soils. The potassium content of tomato planted in fumigated soil was significantly higher than that planted in non-fumigated soil (30.3 vs. 21.9 mg g-1 dry weight). Chloropicrin fumigation resulted in a significant change in the soil bacterial and fungal community structures, and trigged a long-term (at least 70-day) decrease in microbial diversity. Network analysis showed that chloropicrin soil fumigation changed microbial co-occurrence patterns by decreasing bacterial total links, nodes, and average degree, and increasing fungal total links, nodes, and average degree. Chloropicrin fumigation caused significant changes in the relative abundance of Bacillus species, which are involved in potassium dissolution. Structural equation model (SEM) suggested that fumigation with chloropicrin enhanced the contribution of soil potassium to tomato growth and reduced the contribution of bacterial communities. Together, the results of our study help in understanding the crop yield enhancement mechanism of soil fumigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Wensheng Fang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jvling Hua
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Shuijin Huang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiuxia Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Aocheng Cao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
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Pang DB, Wu MY, Zhao YR, Yang J, Dong LG, Wu XD, Chen L, Li XB, Ni XL, Li JY, Liang YL. Soil microbial community characteristics and the influencing factors at different elevations on the eastern slope of Helan Mountain, Northwest China. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2023; 34:1957-1967. [PMID: 37694480 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202307.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
As an important bridge connecting aboveground communities and belowground biological processes, soil microorganisms play an important role in regulating belowground ecological processes. The altitudinal changes and driving factors of soil microbial community in mountain ecosystem in arid region are still unclear. We measured soil physicochemical properties at seven altitudes in the range of 1300-2800 m in Helan Mountains, and investigated the understory community composition, soil physicochemical properties, and soil microbial community. The driving factor for soil microbial community was explored by variance partitioning analysis and redundancy analysis. The results showed that the total amount of soil microorganisms and bacterial biomass first increased and then decreased with the increases of altitude, fungi, actinomyces, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Gram-positive bacteria, and Gram-negative bacteria groups showed a gradual increase. The variation of fungal-to-bacterial ratio (F/B) along the altitude showed that the cumulative ability of soil bacteria was stronger than that of fungi at low altitudes, while the pattern is opposite at high altitudes. The ratio of Gram-positive bacteria to Gram-negative bacteria (GP/GN) showed an overall decreasing trend with the increases of altitude, indicating that soil bacteria and organic carbon availability changed from "oligotrophic" to "eutrophication" and from "low" to "high" transition as the altitude increased. Vegetation properties, soil physical and chemical properties jointly accounted for 95.7% of the variation in soil microbial community. Soil organic carbon (SOC), soil water content (SWC), and total nitrogen (TN) were significantly correlated with soil microbial community composition. Our results revealed the distribution pattern and driving factors of soil microbial communities at different elevations on the eastern slope of Helan Mountain, which would provide theoretical basis and data support for further understanding the interaction between plant-soil-microorganisms in arid areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Bo Pang
- Institute of Forestry and Grassland Ecology, Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science Academy/Key Laboratory of Desertification Control and Soil & Water Conservation of Ningxia, Yinchuan 750002, China
- Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Meng-Yao Wu
- Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021,China
| | - Ya-Ru Zhao
- Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Juan Yang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021,China
| | - Li-Guo Dong
- Institute of Forestry and Grassland Ecology, Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science Academy/Key Laboratory of Desertification Control and Soil & Water Conservation of Ningxia, Yinchuan 750002, China
| | - Xu-Dong Wu
- Institute of Forestry and Grassland Ecology, Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science Academy/Key Laboratory of Desertification Control and Soil & Water Conservation of Ningxia, Yinchuan 750002, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Xue-Bin Li
- Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Xi-Lu Ni
- Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Jing-Yao Li
- Administration of National Nature Reserve of Helan Mountain in Ningxia/Ningxia Helan Mountain Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Yong-Liang Liang
- Administration of National Nature Reserve of Helan Mountain in Ningxia/Ningxia Helan Mountain Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Yinchuan 750021, China
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Li Z, Chi Y, Su X, Ye Z, Ren X. Rhizobium Soaking Promoted Maize Growth by Altering Rhizosphere Microbiomes and Associated Functional Genes. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1654. [PMID: 37512827 PMCID: PMC10383385 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhizobium is a Gram-negative bacterium, which dissolves minerals, produces growth hormones, promotes root growth, and protects plants from different soil-borne pathogens. In the present study, roots, stalks, and fresh weight of maize (Zea mays L.) were significantly increased after soaking in Bradyrhizobium japonicum compared with the control. Subsequently, transcriptome sequencing results of the whole maize plant soaked in B. japonicum showed that multiple growth and development-related genes were up-regulated more than 100-fold compared to the control. Furthermore, the abundance of plant growth promoting bacteria, such as Acidobacteria Subgroup_6 and Chloroflexi KD4-96, were increased significantly. On the contrary, the abundance of multiple pathogens, such as Curvularia, Fusarium and Mycocentrospora, were significantly decreased. Moreover, inoculation with B. japonicum could inhibit the infection of the pathogen Fusarium graminearum in maize. These results suggest that soaking seeds in B. japonicum may affect the expression of maize growth and development-related genes as the bacteria changes the soil microorganism community structure. These findings may help to expand the application of B. japonicum in crop production and provide new opportunities for food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Li
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Products Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Yu Chi
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Products Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Xianyan Su
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Products Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Zhenghe Ye
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Products Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Xuexiang Ren
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Products Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China
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Chen Y, Lv X, Qin Y, Zhang D, Zhang C, Song Z, Liu D, Jiang L, Huang B, Wang J. Effects of different botanical oil meal mixed with cow manure organic fertilizers on soil microbial community and function and tobacco yield and quality. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1191059. [PMID: 37303792 PMCID: PMC10248155 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1191059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The continuous application of cow manure in soil for many years leads to the accumulation of heavy metals, pathogenic microorganisms, and antibiotic resistance genes. Therefore, in recent years, cow manure has often been mixed with botanical oil meal as organic fertilizer applied to farmland to improve soil and crop quality. However, the effects of various botanical oil meal and cow manure mixed organic fertilizers on soil microbial composition, community structure, and function, tobacco yield, and quality remain unclear. Methods Therefore, we prepared organic manure via solid fermentation by mixing cow manure with different oil meals (soybean meal, rape meal, peanut bran, sesame meal). Then, we studied its effects on soil microbial community structure and function, physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, tobacco yield and quality; then we analyzed the correlations between these factors. Results and discussion Compared with cow manure alone, the four kinds of mixed botanical oil meal and cow manure improved the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco to different degrees. Peanut bran, which significantly improved the soil available phosphorus, available potassium, and NO3--N, was the best addition. Compared with cow manure alone, soil fungal diversity was significantly decreased when rape meal or peanut bran was combined with cow manure, while soil bacterial and fungal abundance was significantly increased when rape meal was added compared with soybean meal or peanut bran. The addition of different botanical oil meals significantly enriched the subgroup_7 and Spingomonas bacteria and Chaetomium and Penicillium fungi in the soil. The relative abundances of functional genes of xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism, soil endophytic fungi, and wood saprotroph functional groups increased. In addition, alkaline phosphatase had the greatest effect on soil microorganisms, while NO3--N had the least effect on soil microorganisms. In conclusion, the mixed application of cow manure and botanical oil meal increased the available phosphorus and potassium contents in soil; enriched beneficial microorganisms; promoted the metabolic function of soil microorganisms; increased the yield and quality of tobacco; and improved the soil microecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Chen
- Pest Integrated Management Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaolin Lv
- Pest Integrated Management Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanmin Qin
- Jiangxi Provincial Tobacco Company, Fuzhou, China
| | - Deping Zhang
- Guangxi Provincial Tobacco Company, Nanning, China
| | | | | | - Dongyang Liu
- Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Company Liangshanzhou Company, Liangshanzhou, China
| | - Lianqiang Jiang
- Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Company Liangshanzhou Company, Liangshanzhou, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Pest Integrated Management Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Pest Integrated Management Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
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Yu H, Liu Y, Deng Y, Lu GX, Yan HL, Wang YC. [Effects of the Transformation from Natural Alpine Grassland to Mixed Artificial Grassland on the Characteristics of Soil Microbial Community]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2023; 44:2928-2935. [PMID: 37177964 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202204066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the effects of the transformation from natural alpine grassland (NAG) to mixed artificial grassland (MAG) on the characteristics of soil microbial community. We used Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology to investigate the soil microbial community of natural grassland and mixed artificial grassland. The results showed that plant diversity and the content of soil organic matter decreased significantly from NAG to MAG. In total, 29 and 11 phyla bacteria and fungi were detected, respectively. Compared with that in NAG, the Shannon indexes of the bacterial community increased significantly in MAG (from 9.51 to 9.89), whereas these differences were not significant between the NAG and MAG fungal community. The structure and composition of the soil microbial community showed significant differences between NAG and MAG. In addition, Mantel test results suggested that soil total organic matter, total nitrogen, and soil moisture were significantly correlated with variations in the bacterial community, and soil total organic matter and soil moisture were significantly correlated with variations in fungal community. The results of linear discriminant analysis (LEfSe) indicated that Atribacteria and Ascomycota microorganisms could be considered as the indicator groups for NAG, whereas Gemmata and Trichocomaceae microorganisms could be considered as the indicator groups for MAG. Tax4Fun2 results showed that the transition from NAG to MAG affected the utilization of different carbon sources by bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China
| | - Yue Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China
| | - Ye Deng
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Guang-Xin Lu
- Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Qinghai Universty, Xining 810016, China
| | - Hui-Lin Yan
- Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Qinghai Universty, Xining 810016, China
| | - Ying-Cheng Wang
- Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Qinghai Universty, Xining 810016, China
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18
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Morales-Manzo II, Ribes-Moya AM, Pallotti C, Jimenez-Belenguer A, Moro CP, Raigón MD, Rodríguez-Burruezo A, Fita A. Root-Soil Interactions for Pepper Accessions Grown under Organic and Conventional Farming. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12091873. [PMID: 37176931 PMCID: PMC10180822 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Modern agriculture has boosted the production of food based on the use of pesticides and fertilizers and improved plant varieties. However, the impact of some such technologies is high and not sustainable in the long term. Although the importance of rhizospheres in final plant performance, nutrient cycling, and ecosystems is well recognized, there is still a lack of information on the interactions of their main players. In this paper, four accessions of pepper are studied at the rhizosphere and root level under two farming systems: organic and conventional. Variations in soil traits, such as induced respiration, enzymatic activities, microbial counts, and metabolism of nitrogen at the rhizosphere and bulk soil, as well as measures of root morphology and plant production, are presented. The results showed differences for the evaluated traits between organic and conventional management, both at the rhizosphere and bulk soil levels. Organic farming showed higher microbial counts, enzymatic activities, and nitrogen mobilization. Our results also showed how some genotypes, such as Serrano or Piquillo, modified the properties of the rhizospheres in a very genotype-dependent way. This specificity of the soil-plant interaction should be considered for future breeding programs for soil-tailored agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan I Morales-Manzo
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Edificio 8E Escalera J, CPI, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana M Ribes-Moya
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Edificio 8E Escalera J, CPI, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Claudia Pallotti
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Edificio 8E Escalera J, CPI, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Jimenez-Belenguer
- Centro Avanzado de Microbiología Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Clara Pérez Moro
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Edificio 8E Escalera J, CPI, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - María Dolores Raigón
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Edificio 8E Escalera J, CPI, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Adrián Rodríguez-Burruezo
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Edificio 8E Escalera J, CPI, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Fita
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Edificio 8E Escalera J, CPI, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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Wang Y, Ma Q, Wang L, Hu J, Xue H, Han D, Xing Z, Ruan Z. Structure and Function Analysis of Cultivated Meconopsis integrifolia Soil Microbial Community Based on High-Throughput Sequencing and Culturability. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12. [PMID: 36829439 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The structure, function, and community interactions of soil microbial communities of cultivated Meconopsis integrifolia were characterized by studying this alpine flower and traditional endangered Tibetan medicine. (2) Methods: Soil bacteria and fungi were studied based on high-throughput sequencing technology. Bacteria were isolated using culturomics and functionally identified as IAA-producing, organic phosphorus-dissolving, inorganic phosphorus-dissolving, and iron-producing carriers. (3) Results: The dominant bacterial phyla were found to be Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria, and unclassified_Rhizobiales was the most abundant genus. Ascomycota and Mortierellomycota were the dominant fungal phyla. The bacteria were mainly carbon and nitrogen metabolizers, and the fungi were predominantly Saprotroph-Symbiotroph. The identified network was completely dominated by positive correlations, but the fungi were more complex than the bacteria, and the bacterial keystones were unclassified_Caulobacteraceae and Pedobacter. Most of the keystones of fungi belonged to the phyla Ascomycetes and Basidiomycota. The highest number of different species of culturable bacteria belonged to the genus Streptomyces, with three strains producing IAA, 12 strains solubilizing organic phosphorus, one strain solubilizing inorganic phosphorus, and nine strains producing iron carriers. (4) Conclusions: At the cost of reduced ecological stability, microbial communities increase cooperation toward promoting overall metabolic efficiency and enabling their survival in the extreme environment of the Tibetan Plateau. These pioneering results have value for the protection of endangered Meconopsis integrifolia under global warming and the sustainable utilization of its medicinal value.
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Yu B, Qin SJ, Lyu DG. Responses of soil microorganisms, enzyme activities and nutrient contents to inter-row grass ploughing and returning to the field in a natural sod culture apple orchard. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2023; 34:145-150. [PMID: 36799388 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202301.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Natural sod culture in orchard is an effective measure to improve the orchard productivity and promote the sustainable production. To explore the effects of inter-row grass ploughing and returning on soil biological cha-racteristics and nutrient contents, we examined the effects of different grass returning to the field on the amount of soil microorganisms, enzyme activities and nitrogen and potassium contents of 0-20 cm soil layer. There are three treatments, cleaning tillage as the control (CK), conventional mowing management (NG), and soil ploughing annually under natural sod culture with conventional mowing condition (NGR) treatments. The results showed that soil microorganisms were dominated by bacteria, followed by actinomycetes, with the least fungi. Compared with CK, both NG and NGR treatments significantly improved the abundance of soil bacteria and fungi, with the strongest effects in NGR treatment, and significantly increased the soil urease, sucrase and catalase activities by 59.0%, 20.7%, 38.3% and 73.5%, 45.9%, 67.8%, respectively. NGR treatment significantly increased soil nitrogen and potassium contents, with the contents of ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, particulate organic nitrogen, microbial biomass nitrogen, available potassium and water-soluble potassium being 1.5, 1.8, 1.6, 2.0, 1.3 and 1.4 times of that in CK, respectively. NGR significantly increased soluble sugar content and sugar acid ratio and subsequently improved fruit quality. Overall, NGR increased soil microbial abundance, enzyme activities, nitrogen, potassium contents and fruit quality, which could be a feasible management of inter-row grasses in the natural sod culture apple orchard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality Development and Regulation of Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Si-Jun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality Development and Regulation of Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - De-Guo Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality Development and Regulation of Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
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21
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Li M, Wei Y, Yin Y, Zhu W, Bai X, Zhou Y. Characteristics of Soil Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Community of Mulberry ( Morus alba L.) and Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) Intercropping System in Northwest Liaoning. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11010114. [PMID: 36677406 PMCID: PMC9861424 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plant intercropping is a new intercropping method. However, as a new intercropping model, the influence of intercropping of alfalfa on microorganisms has not been clarified clearly. In this study, the composition and diversity of microbial communities in alfalfa intercropping were studied, and the differences of bacterial and fungal communities and their relationships with environmental factors are discussed. Intercropping significantly decreased soil pH and significantly increased soil total phosphorus (TP) content, but did not increase soil total carbon (TC) and total nitrogen (TN). Intercropping can increase the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and reduce the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in soil. The relative abundance and diversity of bacteria were significantly correlated with soil pH and TP, while the diversity of fungi was mainly correlated with TC, TN and soil ecological stoichiometry. The bacterial phylum was mainly related to pH and TP, while the fungal phylum was related to TC, TN, C: P and N: P. The present study revealed the stoichiometry of soil CNP and microbial community characteristics of mulberry-alfalfa intercropping soil, clarified the relationship between soil stoichiometry and microbial community composition and diversity, and provided a theoretical basis for the systematic management of mulberry-alfalfa intercropping in northwest Liaoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzi Li
- Institute of Modern Agricultural Research, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
- Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yawei Wei
- Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network (CFERN), Shenyang Agricultural University, Tieling 112000, China
| | - You Yin
- Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network (CFERN), Shenyang Agricultural University, Tieling 112000, China
| | - Wenxu Zhu
- Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network (CFERN), Shenyang Agricultural University, Tieling 112000, China
| | - Xuejiao Bai
- Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network (CFERN), Shenyang Agricultural University, Tieling 112000, China
- Correspondence: (X.B.); (Y.Z.); Tel.: +86-13909819088 (Y.Z.)
| | - Yongbin Zhou
- Institute of Modern Agricultural Research, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
- Life Science and Technology College, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
- Correspondence: (X.B.); (Y.Z.); Tel.: +86-13909819088 (Y.Z.)
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22
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Xu C, Chen Y, Zang Q, Li Y, Zhao J, Lu X, Jiang M, Zhuang H, Huang L. The effects of cultivation patterns and nitrogen levels on fertility and bacterial community characteristics of surface and subsurface soil. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1072228. [PMID: 36876089 PMCID: PMC9978222 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1072228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The cropping system affects the physicochemical property and microbial community of paddy soil. Previous research mostly focused on the study of soil 0-20 cm underground. However, there may be difference in the laws of nutrient and microorganism distribution at different depths of arable soil. In surface (0-10 cm) and subsurface (10-20 cm) soil, a comparative analysis including soil nutrients, enzymes, and bacterial diversity was carried out between the organic and conventional cultivation patterns, low and high nitrogen levels. Analysis results suggested that under the organic farming pattern, the contents of total nitrogen (TN), alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), and soil organic matter (SOM) as well as alkaline phosphatase and sucrose activity increased in surface soil, but the SOM concentration and urease activity decreased in subsurface soil. A moderate reduction of nitrogen applied to soil could enhance soil enzyme activity. It was demonstrated by α diversity indices that high nitrogen levels remarkably undermined soil bacterial richness and diversity. Venn diagrams and NMDS analysis manifested great difference in bacterial communities and an apparent clustering tendency under different treatment conditions. Species composition analysis indicated that the total relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Chloroflexi retained stable in paddy soil. LEfSe results revealed that a low nitrogen organic treatment could elevate the relative abundance of Acidobacteria in surface soil and Nitrosomonadaceae in subsurface soil, thereby tremendously optimizing the community structure. Moreover, Spearman's correlation analysis was also performed, which proved the significant correlation of diversity with enzyme activity and AN concentration. Additionally, redundancy analysis disclosed that the Acidobacteria abundance in surface soil and Proteobacteria abundance in subsurface soil exerted conspicuous influence on environmental factors and the microbial community structure. According to the findings of this study, it was believed that reasonable nitrogen application together with an organic agriculture cultivation system could effectively improve soil fertility in Gaoyou City, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuanjie Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qian Zang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yulin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jinbiao Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xuanrui Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hengyang Zhuang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lifen Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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23
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Choi NY, Park SA, Lee YR, Lee CH. Psychophysiological Responses of Humans during Seed-Sowing Activity Using Soil Inoculated with Streptomyces rimosus. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:16275. [PMID: 36498346 PMCID: PMC9738200 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Electroencephalogram (EEG) responses and serum metabolite levels were used to investigate the effects of horticultural activities (seed-sowing) on the psychophysiological aspects of adults based on the presence or absence of the soil microorganism Streptomyces rimosus. In this case, 31 adults were subjected to seed-sowing activities using S. rimosus inoculated (experimental group) and medium (control group) soils. EEG was measured to analyze the resulting psychophysiological response, and blood samples (5 mL) were collected. The relative gamma power (RG), relative high beta (RHB), and SEF 50 and SEF 90 were significantly higher in the right than in the left occipital lobe (p < 0.05). In both occipital lobes, ratios of SMR to theta (RST), mid beta to theta (RMT), and SMR-mid beta to theta (RSMT) were high (p < 0.05). GC-TOF-MS-based serum metabolite analysis detected 33 metabolites. Compared to the control group, the experimental group showed a lower content of amino acids (except aspartic acid), lipids, and C6 sugar monomers after the activity (p < 0.05). Aminomalonic acid was decreased, and aspartic acid was increased (p < 0.05). This study confirmed a positive effect on improving the concentration and attention of adults when seed-sowing activity was performed using S. rimosus-inoculated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Yoon Choi
- Department of Bio and Healing Convergence, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sin-Ae Park
- Department of Bio and Healing Convergence, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Rim Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Research Institute for Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Kim SO, Kim MJ, Choi NY, Kim JH, Oh MS, Lee CH, Park SA. Psychophysiological and Metabolomics Responses of Adults during Horticultural Activities Using Soil Inoculated with Streptomyces rimosus: A Pilot Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:12901. [PMID: 36232200 PMCID: PMC9564959 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study compared the physiological effects at a metabolomics level with autonomic nervous system responses in adults during soil mixing activities, based on the presence or absence of Streptomyces rimosus in the soil. Thirty adult participants performed soil mixing activities for 5 min using sterilized soil with culture media and Streptomyces rimosus, respectively. Blood samples were drawn twice from each participant after each activity. Electroencephalograms were measured during the activity. Serum metabolites underwent metabolite profiling by gas chromatography, followed by multivariate analyses. Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor and C-reactive protein levels were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Soil-emitted volatile organic compounds were identified via solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, followed by multivariate analyses. The volatile compound analysis revealed that the terpenoid and benzoid compounds, geosmin, and 2-methylisoborneol were greater in soil with Streptomyces rimosus. Serum metabolomics revealed that the treatment group (soil inoculated with Streptomyces rimosus) possessed relatively higher levels of serotonin compared to the control group (soil mixed with culture media), and serum C-reactive protein levels were significantly lower in the treatment group. In the treatment group, the electroencephalogram revealed that alpha band activity of the occipital lobe increased. This study concludes that Streptomyces rimosus soil contact can positively affect human metabolic and autonomic reactions. Therefore, this pilot study confirmed the possible role of soil microorganisms in horticultural activities for psychophysiological effects in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Ok Kim
- Department of Bio and Healing Convergence, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Min Ji Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Na-Yoon Choi
- Department of Bio and Healing Convergence, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Myung Sook Oh
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- MetaMass Corp., Seoul 05029, Korea
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Sin-Ae Park
- Department of Bio and Healing Convergence, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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25
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Huang QY, Huang JF, Huang X, Wu YP, Li P, Fu HT, Tang SH, Liu YF, Xu PZ. [Effects of Early Rice Straw Returning with Reducing Potassium Fertilizer on Late Rice Yield and Soil Fertility]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2022; 43:4706-4715. [PMID: 36224156 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202112315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rice straw is an important organic fertilizer in the region for double-cropping rice in South China. To reveal the effects of early rice returning with reducing potassium fertilizer on the yield of late rice and soil fertility, field experiments were carried out in Baiyun and Huiyang district in Guangdong province. The biomass, K content, and yield of late rice and the soil fertility properties, such as soil available potassium, soil organic carbon, bacterial diversity, and bacterial community structure were analyzed under three treatments (CK, conventional fertilization; RS, straw returning with conventional fertilization; RS-K, straw returning with reducing 20% potassium fertilizer). The results showed no significant differences in the biomass and yield of late rice between the RS-K treatment and CK treatment. Compared with that in CK, the RS treatment significantly increased the K contents of rice by 3.97% (Baiyun) and 6.91% (Huiyang). The K contents of late rice under the RS-K treatment were significantly lower than that under the CK treatment during the early growth period in rice, but there was no significant difference between them during the late growth period. Compared with that in CK, the soil available K in the RS treatment increased by 13.90% (Baiyun) and 21.67% (Huiyang) (P<0.05), and the soil available K in the RS-K treatment also increased by 3.56% (Baiyun) and 4.23% (Huiyang). Compared with that in the CK treatment, the soil dissolved organic carbon increased significantly in the RS and RS-K treatments (P<0.05). Compared with that in CK, the straw returning treatments (RS and RS-K) significantly improved the Chao1 and Shannon indexes of soil bacteria (P<0.05). Straw returning treatments (RS and RS-K) increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Nitrospirae compared with that in CK, whereas they decreased the relative abundance of Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes. Redundancy analysis showed that the soil bacterial community was mainly influenced by soil organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon, available P, and available K. In summary, early rice returning could increase soil available K and K content in late rice. Early rice straw returning with reducing potassium fertilizer had no negative impacts on the growth and yield of late rice and could also improve soil organic carbon and the diversity of soil bacteria. Therefore, early rice straw returning with reducing potassium fertilizer can guarantee the grain yield of late rice and improve soil fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Yi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jian-Feng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yong-Pei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hong-Ting Fu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shuan-Hu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yi-Feng Liu
- Protection Center of Agricultural Environment and Cultivated Land Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Pei-Zhi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Hu ZE, Xiao ML, Ding JN, Ji JH, Chen JP, Ge TD, Lu SB. [Response Characteristics of Soil Microbial Community Under Long-term Film Mulching]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2022; 43:4745-4754. [PMID: 36224160 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202201237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Film mulching is an important practice to increase the yield and income in agricultural production. Soil samples were collected from four farmland sites with different mulching years to reveal the effect of long-term plastic mulching on characteristics of soil microbial community structure. In order to explore the long-term effect of soil microbial community change and its effect on the microbial ecological environment, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the changes in soil bacterial and fungal community structure. The results showed that long-term film mulching had no significant effect on soil bacterial diversity but decreased fungal diversity. Long-term film mulching decreased the abundance of Acidobacteriota and Mortierellomycetes and increased the abundance of Actinobacteriota. Long-term film mulching enriched the beneficial microbial communities such as Bacillus, Nocardioidaceae, Aspergillus, and Hypocreales in soil. However, long-term film mulching indued a simple and fragile soil fungal co-occurrence network pattern. The unidentified Sordariales under Ascomycota was the only key species in the fungal co-occurrence network, which resulted in potential risks to the ecological environment of the farmland soil. This study provided a theoretical basis for further understanding the effects of long-term film mulching on the ecological and environmental effects of microorganisms in farmland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-E Hu
- Collage of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China.,State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Mou-Liang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Ji-Na Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jian-Hong Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jian-Ping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Ti-da Ge
- Collage of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China.,State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Shun-Bao Lu
- Collage of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
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Ma W, Tang S, Dengzeng Z, Zhang D, Zhang T, Ma X. Root exudates contribute to belowground ecosystem hotspots: A review. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:937940. [PMID: 36274740 PMCID: PMC9581264 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.937940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Root exudates are an essential carrier for material cycling, energy exchange, and information transfer between the belowground parts of plants and the soil. We synthesize current properties and regulators of root exudates and their role in the belowground ecosystem as substances cycle and signal regulation. We discussed the composition and amount of root exudates and their production mechanism, indicating that plant species, growth stage, environmental factors, and microorganisms are primary influence factors. The specific mechanisms by which root secretions mobilize the soil nutrients were summarized. First, plants improve the nutrient status of the soil by releasing organic acids for acidification and chelation. Then, root exudates accelerated the SOC turnover due to their dual impacts, forming and destabilizing aggregates and MASOC. Eventually, root exudates mediate the plant-plant interaction and plant-microbe interaction. Additionally, a summary of the current collection methods of root exudates is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenming Ma
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
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28
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Zhang YQ, Chen L, Pang DB, He WQ, Li XB, Wu MY, Cao MH. [Responses of soil microbial community structure to litter inputs.]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2022; 33:2943-2953. [PMID: 36384828 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202211.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Litter decomposition is one of the most important ecosystem processes, which plays a critical role in regu-lating nutrient cycling and energy flow in terrestrial ecosystems. The influence of litter inputs on soil microbial community is helpful for understanding the relationship between soil microbial diversity and terrestrial ecosystem function. We conducted a meta-analysis to examine how litter inputs affect soil microbial activity (fungi, bacteria, actinomycetes) and microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen in China. The results showed that compared with non-litter input, soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen were significantly increased by 3.9% and 4.4% respectively after litter inputs. Soil fungal PLFA, bacterial PLFA, and total microbial PLFA were increased by 4.0%, 3.1% and 2.4%, respectively. The effects of litter inputs differed significantly with climatic region, annual precipitation, vege-tation type, and soil pH. Under different climate conditions, the responses of soil microbe showed the trend of subtropical monsoon climatic region > temperate monsoon climatic region > temperate continental climatic region, which increased first and then decreased with increasing annual precipitation. Under different vegetation types, the responses of soil microbes showed the trend of broad-leaved forest > grassland ≈ mixed forest > coniferous forest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China of Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in North China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China of Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in North China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Dan-Bo Pang
- Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China of Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in North China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Wen-Qiang He
- Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China of Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in North China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Xue-Bin Li
- Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China of Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in North China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Meng-Yao Wu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Meng-Hao Cao
- Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China of Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in North China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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29
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Xia X, Qiao H, Sun Q, Liu KP, Chen XB, He XY, Hu YJ, Su YR. [Effects of Organic Materials on Phosphorus Fractions and phoD-harboring Bacterial Community in Karst Soil]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2022; 43:4636-4646. [PMID: 36096604 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202111304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Efficient utilization of organic materials based on the rich resources in the karst region can promote soil fertility. Microorganisms have a crucial influence on soil phosphorus availability. phoD is considered to be the encoding phosphatase gene that can reflect the hydrolysis of organophosphorus compounds for the soil bacterial community. Molecular analysis of the phoD-harboring bacterial gene provides insight into promoting soil phosphorus availability under different fertilization managements. However, the effects of organic materials on soil phosphorus fractions associated with phoD-harboring bacterial communities are poorly understood. This study comprehensively investigated the effects of organic materials on soil phosphorus availability and explored environmental drivers of phoD-harboring bacteria in the Karst region. Here, six treatments were designed in the field as follows:non-fertilized control (CK), inorganic fertilization (NPK), inorganic fertilization combined with straw (NPKS), inorganic fertilization combined with manure (NPKM), inorganic fertilization combined with sludge (NPKL), and inorganic fertilization combined with sugarcane ash (NPKA). The phoD-harboring bacterial community in Karst region soil was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the content of total P (TP), Olsen-P, and Ca2-P increased with the years after organic material application, whereas the content of CaCl2-P first decreased and then increased. Compared to that under the CK treatment, organic material application, especially NPKL treatment, significantly increased soil total nitrogen (TN), TP, Olsen-P, CaCl2-P, and Ca2-P contents, followed by those in the NPKA and NPKM treatments. Correlation analysis showed that the contents of CaCl2-P, Ca2-P, and Olsen-P were significantly positively correlated with soil exchangeable calcium (Ca-ex) content. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that TN, Ca-ex, soil organic carbon (SOC), and total potassium (TK) contents were the key factors affecting soil P fractions. Using high-throughput sequencing, we found that only NPKS increased the richness of phoD-harboring bacteria compared to that under the control treatment. No significant difference was observed in the phoD-harboring bacterial community among all treatments. The RDA model selected the Ca-ex, TK, Olsen-P, pH, and SOC as the key environmental predictors for the phoD-harboring bacterial community. In summary, soil phosphorus availability can be improved through the input of organic materials and inorganic fertilizer combined with manure, sludge, and ash. These additions were suitable for nutrient management and sustainable development in farmland soil in the Karst region of Guangxi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kun-Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Huanjiang Station of Karst Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangxi 547100, China
| | - Xiang-Bi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Xun-Yang He
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Ya-Jun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Yi-Rong Su
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
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30
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Yang WN, Yu L, Luo DH, Xiong ZY, Wang YY, Wang ZF, Gao M. [Responses of Soil PhoC and PhoD Gene Microbial Communities to the Combined Application of Biochar with Chemical Fertilizers and Organic Fertilizers]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2022; 43:1040-1049. [PMID: 35075878 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202106047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soil microorganisms have an important influence on the transformation of soil nutrients. As functional genes encoding phosphatase, phoC and phoD provide effective means for detecting the types, abundance, and community structure of microorganisms in the environment, and studying the changes in the diversity of phoC and phoD gene microbial communities in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil of the plant rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil under the treatment of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer combined with biochar can provide a scientific basis for the agricultural utilization of biochar. In this study, corn stalks and rice husk stalks were used as test materials, and the pot experiment method was used to set the following treatments:control (CK), traditional fertilization (F), chemical fertilizer+20 t·hm-2 rice husk biochar (FP), chemical fertilizer+10 t·hm-2 rice husk biochar+10 t·hm-2 corn biochar (FPM), organic fertilizer+20 t·hm-2 rice husk biochar (PP), and fresh organic fertilizer+20 t·hm-2 rice husk biochar (NPP). The community structure of phoC and phoD genes in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil was analyzed by using T-RFLP and fluorescence quantitative PCR technology to clarify the response characteristics of phoC and phoD genes to the addition of biochar. The results showed that:① In rhizosphere soil and non-rhizosphere soil, the phoD gene community structure was more complicated than that of phoC, and the number of end restriction fragments of the phoC gene increased after chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer were combined with biochar. ② The combined application of biochar with chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer reduced the copy number of the phoC gene in non-rhizosphere soil compared with that in the CK. Compared with that in the CK, the copy number in the FP, FPM, PP, and NPP treatments decreased by 9.18%, 11.46%, 10.97%, and 13.76%, respectively. Organic fertilizer combined with biochar increased the copy number of the phoD gene in rhizosphere soil by 2.48% and 5.16% in the PP and NPP treatments, respectively, compared with that in the CK. ③ Total phosphorus in the soil was the main factor affecting the phoC gene microbial community structure in non-rhizosphere soil (P<0.01), whereas the phoC gene microbial community structure in rhizosphere soil was regulated by a variety of environmental factors. pH was the most critical factor affecting the phoD gene copy number, and the copy number of phoD gene was significantly correlated with soil nitrate nitrogen and pH. The combined application of biochar with chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers can promote the growth and reproduction of microorganisms that function in soil phosphorus conversion, which is of great significance for improving the utilization of phosphorus fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Na Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Luo Yu
- Flood Control and Drought Relief Dispatching Center, Bishan District, Chongqing City, Chongqing 402760, China
| | - Dong-Hai Luo
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zi-Yi Xiong
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ying-Yan Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zi-Fang Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ming Gao
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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31
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Li L, Xiang D, Wu YF, Huang YD, Li H, Zhang XM, Liang B. [Effects of long-term different fertilization patterns on soil nutrients and microbial community structure of tomato in a solar greenhouse.]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2022; 33:415-422. [PMID: 35229515 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202202.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) technique was used to investigate the effects of fertilization on soil characteristics and microbial community of tomato in a solar greenhouse in Shouguang, Shandong Province, China, based on a long-term (12-year) fertilization experiment. The experiment involved a control (CK) and five fertilization treatments, namely, traditional nitrogen application (CN), traditional nitrogen application+straw return (CNS), optimized nitrogen application (SN), optimized nitrogen application+straw return (SNS), and organic manure nitrogen application+straw return (MNS). Results showed that the contents of soil organic matter and avai-lable P and K under all fertilization treatments were significantly higher than that of CK, but no significant difference among fertilization treatments. The traditional nitrogen application (i.e., CN and CNS) significantly decreased soil pH. The reduction of nitrogen fertilizer (i.e., SN, SNS and MNS) did not affect soil pH. Compared with CK, no straw treatment (i.e., CN and SN) and MNS did not affect the content of soil available N, but nitrogen combined with straw returned (i.e., CNS and SNS) significantly increased soil available N content. The optimized N with straw return (i.e., SNS) treatment resulted in the highest soil available N. Compared with CK and treatments without straw (i.e., CN, SN), treatments with straw (i.e., MNS, CNS and SNS) substantially changed soil microbial community structure and increased the biomass of soil bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, mycorrhizal fungi, and the total amount of PLFA. SNS treatment had the highest soil microbial diversity, the highest biomass of soil bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes, the highest total amount of PLFA, the highest ratios of fungi/bacteria and monounsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids (MONO/SAT), the two indicators for soil ecosystem stability. Further, it had the lowest ratios of iso/anteiso fatty acids (i/a) and gram-positive/gram-negative bacteria (G+/G-), the indicators for nutritional stress. Redundancy and correlation analysis revealed that soil organic matter was the main factor affecting soil microbial community structure, with a significant positive correlation with actinomycetes and gram-positive bacteria. In conclusion, straw returning combined with optimized nitrogen application (i.e., SNS, 8 t·hm-2 of wheat straw with N fertilizer reduced by 58.3%) could improve soil nutrient status, soil microbial biomass, soil microbial community structure, and soil ecological environment. It would be an effective measure for reducing fertilizer application and improving efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China
| | - Dan Xiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China
| | - Ya-Fen Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China
| | - Yu-Dan Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China
| | - Huan Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Liang
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China
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32
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Yang YL, Ma XS, Xie HT, Bao XL, Liang C, Zhu XF, He HB, Zhang XD. [Effects of conservation tillage on soil microbial community and the function of soil carbon cycling]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2021; 32:2675-2684. [PMID: 34664439 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202108.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Agricultural tillage practices significantly affect the structure and function of soil micro-bial community, as well as its control over soil carbon cycling. Conservation tillage practice based on no-tillage and crop straw returning is an important measure to improve soil carbon sequestration and fertility, in which soil microorganisms play a key role. Although many previous studies focus on the structure and function of microbial communities under conservation tillage, our overall understanding of soil microbial responses at community level upon conservation tillage is still lacking, due to the complexity of the soil, environmental factors and the different selections of microbial research methods. Furthermore, previous studies paid more attention to the role of soil microorganisms as decomposers and the contribution of plant-derived carbon to the formation of soil carbon pool, but ignored the contribution of microbial-derived carbon to the formation and stability of soil carbon pool. We summarized the paradigm shift in soil organic matter formation and stability theories, reviewed the research methods of soil microbial community, focused on the effects of conservation tillage on soil microbial biomass, community diversity and composition, carbon metabolism, as well as microbial-derived carbon storage, and proposed suggestions for future study, aiming to provide support for future studies regarding microbial responses and its control over soil carbon dynamics in agroecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Yang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Key Lab of Conservation Tillage and Ecological Agriculture, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xue-Song Ma
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Key Lab of Conservation Tillage and Ecological Agriculture, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hong-Tu Xie
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.,Key Lab of Conservation Tillage and Ecological Agriculture, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xue-Lian Bao
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.,Key Lab of Conservation Tillage and Ecological Agriculture, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Chao Liang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.,Key Lab of Conservation Tillage and Ecological Agriculture, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xue-Feng Zhu
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.,Key Lab of Conservation Tillage and Ecological Agriculture, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hong-Bo He
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.,Key Lab of Conservation Tillage and Ecological Agriculture, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xu-Dong Zhang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.,Key Lab of Conservation Tillage and Ecological Agriculture, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China
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33
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Liu J, Qi WY, Chen H, Song C, Li Q, Wang SG. Selenium Nanoparticles as an Innovative Selenium Fertilizer Exert Less Disturbance to Soil Microorganisms. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:746046. [PMID: 34589080 PMCID: PMC8473918 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.746046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element in the human body. Se-enriched agricultural products, obtained by applying Se fertilizer, are important sources of Se supplement. However, Se fertilizer may cause a series of environmental problems. This study investigated the transformation of exogenous selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and selenite (SeO3 2-) in soil and explored their effects on soil microbial community and typical microorganisms. SeNPs exhibited a slow-release effect in soil, which promoted the growth of soil microorganisms and enriched soil probiotics. SeO3 2- was converted to a stable and low toxic state in soil, increasing persistent free radicals and decreasing microbial abundance and diversity. The influences of SeNPs and SeO3 2- on two typical soil microorganisms (Bacillus sp. and Escherichia coli) were also evaluated, and SeNPs were more difficult to enter into microorganisms directly, with lower toxicity and higher safety. These results indicated that SeNPs were a more environment-friendly Se additive for agriculture applications. This work provides useful information for better understanding the environmental fate and behavior of Se fertilizer in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wen-Yu Qi
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chao Song
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiang Li
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Linyi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shu-Guang Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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Li J, Li L, Arif M, Ding D, Hu X, Zheng J, Yuan Z, Li C. Artificial Plantation Responses to Periodic Submergence in Massive Dam and Reservoir Riparian Zones: Changes in Soil Properties and Bacterial Community Characteristics. Biology (Basel) 2021; 10:819. [PMID: 34440051 DOI: 10.3390/biology10080819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary This study focuses on plants in riparian zones that are very vulnerable due to water stress and anthropogenic disturbances, which are particularly important regarding their ecological and environmental role. Although plants and microbiome interactions are necessary for plant nutrient acquisition, relatively little is known about the responses of roots, bulk, and rhizosphere soil microbial communities of different artificial vegetation types in riparian areas of massive dams and reservoirs. Therefore, this study aims to assess the responses of woody and herbaceous plants in the riparian zones of the Three Gorges Dam Reservoir, China. Results revealed that the weight of dominant soil bacteria in different periods, including Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Cyanobacteria, was higher, and their composition was different in the rhizosphere, bulk soil, and endophyte. In the soil co-occurrence networks, the weight of soil physical properties was higher than chemical properties in the early emergence stage. The current study provides knowledge about bacteria in bulk, rhizosphere soils, and within roots in different emergence phases. Additionally, these results provide valuable information to inoculate the soil with key microbiota members by applying fertilizers, potentially improving plant and soil production and health. Abstract Plant and microbiome interactions are necessary for plant nutrient acquisition. However, relatively little is known about the responses of roots, bulk, and rhizosphere soil microbial communities in different artificial vegetation types (woody and herbaceous) in riparian areas of massive dams and reservoirs. Therefore, this study aims to assess such responses at elevations of 165–170 m a.s.l. in the riparian zones of the Three Gorges Dam Reservoir, China. The samples were collected containing the rhizosphere soil, bulk soil, and roots of herbaceous and woody vegetation at different emergence stages in 2018. Then, all the samples were analyzed to quantify the soil properties, bacterial community characteristics, and their interaction in the early and late emergence phases. In different periods, the weight of dominant soil bacteria, including Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Cyanobacteria, was higher, and their composition was different in the rhizosphere, bulk soil, and endophytes. Moreover, the soil co-occurrence networks indicated that the weight of soil physical properties was higher than chemical properties in the early emergence stage. In contrast, the weight of chemical properties was relatively higher in the late emergence stage. Furthermore, the richness and diversity of the bacterial community were mainly affected by soil organic matter. This study suggests that these herbaceous and woody vegetation are suitable for planting in reservoir areas affected by hydrology and human disturbance in light of soil nutrients and soil microbial communities, respectively. Additionally, these results provide valuable information to inoculate the soil with key microbiota members by applying fertilizers, potentially improving plant health and soil production.
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Liu XC, Chen L, Li SQ, Shi QH, Wang XY. Effects of vermicompost fertilization on soil, tomato yield and quality in greenhouse. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2021; 32:549-556. [PMID: 33650364 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202102.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The excessive use of chemical fertilizer on vegetables in protected facilities resulted in soil degradation, serious soil-borne diseases, and lower vegetable yield and quality. We examined the effects of vermicompost on soil nutrient, enzyme activities, microbial quantity, tomato growth, yield and quality in greenhouse. The results showed that both broadcast and furrow application of vermicompost improved soil environment, and significantly increased contents of soil organic matter and soil nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium). Vermicompost application significantly increased sucrase and catalase activities, abundance of bacteria and actinomycetes, and decreased the abundance of fungi in the soil. Furrow application but not the broadcast application promoted the growth of tomato plants. The vermicompost promoted root activities and leaf photosynthesis, increased chlorophyll, nitrogen and potassium contents in leaves. Broadcast and furrow application of vermicompost significantly increased tomato yield by 22.7% and 32.6%, respectively. Furrow application increased the contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar, vitamin C and titratable acid by 66.1%, 11.0%, 122.6% and 29.9%, respectively, and decreased nitrate content in tomato fruits by 65.7%. However, broadcast application did not affect fruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Cai Liu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Juancheng Daya Town Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center, Heze 274612, Shandong, China
| | - Sheng-Qi Li
- Jinan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ji'nan 271100, China
| | - Qing-Hua Shi
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Wang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
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Jiang HT, He HG, Xu X, Dong TF. [Effects of neighbors with different sexuality and soil sterilization on biomass of Populus cathayana seedlings]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2021; 32:66-72. [PMID: 33477214 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202101.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although plant-plant interactions have been intensively studied, few studies examined sex-related neighbor interactions in dioecious plant species. Here, we investigated the sexual diffe-rences in biomass accumulation, and analyzed the sexual neighbor effects and yields of sexual combination in Populus cathayana seedlings under the treatments of inter- and intra-sex neighbors and soil sterilization. The results showed that biomass accumulation of P. cathayana decreased in both of sexes when grown with an intra-sex neighbor. Females increased biomass accumulation under non-sterilization condition when grown with an inter-sex neighbor. Soil sterilization decreased biomass accumulation in both sexes of these plants, especially for females. Soil sterilization treatments did not significantly affect intra-sex interactions, but neutralized the positive effects in females and led the effects in males to turn from neutral to negative in inter-sex neighbors. The highest biomass in female-male combination under non-sterilization condition and the lowest biomass in male-male combination under sterilization condition were observed among combinations. These results indicated that the growth of female and male P. cathayana differed in their responses to their sexual neighbors, and that such neighbor effects were affected by soil microorganism. Our results could contribute to improve the productivity of poplar plantations in silviculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Tian Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China
| | - Heng-Guo He
- School of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, Ministry of Education, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- School of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, Ministry of Education, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting-Fa Dong
- School of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, Ministry of Education, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Biodiversity Conservation, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China
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Li HQ, Yao RJ, Yang JS, Wang XP, Zheng FL, Chen Q, Xie WP, Zhang X. [Influencing mechanism of soil salinization on nitrogen transformation processes and efficiency improving methods for high efficient utilization of nitrogen in salinized farmland]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2020; 31:3915-3924. [PMID: 33300743 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202011.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Based upon the review of the status of nitrogen use efficiency in salinized farmland in China, we summarized the effect of salinization on key processes of nitrogen transformation in farmland soil, analyzed the microbial mechanism underlying nitrogen transformation, and summed up the main ways for high efficient utilization of nitrogen in salinized farmland. Salinization had thre-shold effects on mineralization, nitrification, and denitrification of nitrogen from farmland soil, with the influence varying greatly in different scopes. Salinity and secondary barriers had different effects on microorganisms, with threshold in their effects. The most widely used methods for nitrogen synergism regulation in salinized farmland include soil conditioner, biomass material, growing salt-tole-rant plants, optimizing the ratio of different nitrogen forms, and biological inhibitor. We proposed current research shortcomings and future research directions of nitrogen cycle processes in salinized farmland. This study was of great significance for reducing nitrogen loss, enhancing utilization of nutrient from fertilizers, and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution in salinized farmland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rong-Jiang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jing-Song Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiang-Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Fu-le Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Centre of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension of Hanggin Rear Banner, Shaanba 015400, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Wen-Ping Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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Tang H, Li C, Wen L, Li W, Shi L, Cheng K, Xiao X. Microbial carbon source utilization in rice rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils in a 34-year fertilized paddy field. J Basic Microbiol 2020; 60:1004-1013. [PMID: 33135159 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202000452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Carbon (C) is playing an important role in regulating soil nutrient cycling, maintaining soil fertility and crop yield, but there is still need to further study on how C source utilization characteristic respond to soil physical and chemical properties change with different fertilizer treatments under a double-cropping rice (Oryza sativa L.) field in southern China. Therefore, the effects of 34-year long-term fertilizer regime on C source utilization characteristic in rice rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils under a double-cropping rice field in southern China were studied by using 18 O-H2 O method in the present paper. The field experiments were included four fertilizer treatments: mineral fertilizer alone (MF), rice straw and mineral fertilizer (RF), 30% organic manure and 70% mineral fertilizer (OM), and without fertilizer input as control (CK). The results showed that microbial biomass C content, basal respiration of soil microorganism and microbial growth rate in rice rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils with OM and RF treatments were significantly higher (p < .05) than that of CK treatment. The microbial C utilization efficiency (CUE) in rhizosphere soil with MF and CK treatments were significantly higher (p < .05) than that of OM treatment, but there was no significantly difference (p > .05) in microbial CUE in non-rhizosphere soil between MF, RF, OM, and CK treatments. In the different parts of soil, the microbial biomass C content and basal respiration of soil microorganism in rhizosphere soil were higher than that of non-rhizosphere soil, but the microbial growth rate and microbial CUE in non-rhizosphere soil were higher than that of rhizosphere soil. Compared with CK and MF treatments, the metabolic capacity of soil microorganism to exogenic C source with RF and OM treatments were significantly higher (p < .05) than that of MF and CK treatments. The largest type of exogenic C source used by soil microorganism was carboxylic acids, followed by amino acid and carbohydrate, and complex compounds was the smallest. In the different parts of soil, the metabolic capacity of soil microorganism to the types of exogenic C source in non-rhizosphere soil was higher than that of rhizosphere soil. The redundancy analysis results indicated that there had obvious difference in utilization characteristic of soil microorganism to exogenic C source among different fertilizer treatments. In conclusion, this results indicated that characteristic of soil C source utilization were significantly changed under different long-term fertilizer condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Tang
- Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Chao Li
- Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Li Wen
- Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Weiyan Li
- Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Lihong Shi
- Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Kaikai Cheng
- Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoping Xiao
- Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha, China
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Zheng Y, He JZ. [Responses of forest soil microbial communities to drought and nitrogen deposition: A review]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2020; 31:2464-2472. [PMID: 32715714 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202007.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Drought and nitrogen input are profoundly influencing most life on Earth and the substance cycling in forest ecosystems in the Anthropocene, with consequences on global carbon balance and feedback on climate changes. Soil microorganisms drive biogeochemical cycling and key ecological processes, with central role and global importance in climate change biology. Here, we reviewed the research in the area of the effects of drought and nitrogen deposition on soil bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi in forest ecosystems. We proposed that future studies should focus on how microbial diversity, activity, and ecological functioning respond to multiple global change factors and their interactions; how subtropical forest ecosystems respond to global changes on the basis of establishment of the long-term field experimental station; the interaction of different soil biological guilds; utilizing microbial big data to construct the relevant mechanistic models. Taken together, based on improved understanding of the responses of soil microbial diversity and community composition to global changes, further research may subsequently focus on manipulating the microbial communities to enhance forest management, ecological resources protection, and environmental sustainability. This review would provide some critical theoretical basis for the microbial strategy in mitigating climate change in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zheng
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Ji-Zheng He
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
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Shi Y, Qiu L, Guo L, Man J, Shang B, Pu R, Ou X, Dai C, Liu P, Yang Y, Cui X. K Fertilizers Reduce the Accumulation of Cd in Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. by Improving the Quality of the Microbial Community. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:888. [PMID: 32670325 PMCID: PMC7332963 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The high background value of cadmium (Cd) in the Panax notoginseng planting soil is the main reason for the Cd content in P. notoginseng exceeding the limit standards. The main goal of this study was to reveal the mechanism by which potassium (K) reduces Cd accumulation in P. notoginseng from the perspective of the influences of soil microbial communities on soil pH, total organic matter (TOM) and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of different types and amounts of applied K on the Cd content in P. notoginseng, and on the soil pH, TOM, CEC, and bioavailable Cd (bio-Cd) content in soil. Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of K2SO4 fertilizer on the microbial community, and its correlations with the soil pH, TOM and CEC were analyzed. A moderate application of K2SO4 (0.6 g⋅kg-1) was found to be the most optimal treatment for the reduction of Cd in the pot experiments. The field experiments proved that K fertilizer (K2SO4) alleviated the decreases in pH, TOM and CEC, and reduced the content of bio-Cd in the soil. The application of K fertilizer inhibited the growth of Acidobacteria, but the abundances of Mortierellomycota, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were promoted. The relative abundances of Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria in the soil bacteria exhibited significant negative and positive correlations with pH and CEC, respectively. In contrast, the relative abundance of Mortierellomycota was found to be positively correlated with the pH, TOM and CEC. The bio-Cd content was also found to be positively correlated with the relative abundance of Acidobacteriia but negatively correlated with the relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Mortierellomycota. The application of K fertilizer inhibited the abundance of Acidobacteria, which alleviated the acidification of the soil pH and CEC, and promoted increase in the abundances of Mortierellomycota, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, which ultimately increased the soil TOM and CEC. Soil microorganisms were found to mitigated decreases in the soil pH, TOM, and CEC and reduced the bio-Cd content in the soil, which significantly reduced the accumulation of Cd in P. notoginseng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shi
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng Resources Sustainable Development and Utilization of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Famous-Region Drug, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lisha Qiu
- Analysis and Test Center, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Lanping Guo
- Chinese Medica Resources Center, China Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinhui Man
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng Resources Sustainable Development and Utilization of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Famous-Region Drug, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Bingpeng Shang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng Resources Sustainable Development and Utilization of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Famous-Region Drug, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Rongfeng Pu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng Resources Sustainable Development and Utilization of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Famous-Region Drug, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaohong Ou
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng Resources Sustainable Development and Utilization of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Famous-Region Drug, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Chunyan Dai
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng Resources Sustainable Development and Utilization of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Famous-Region Drug, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng Resources Sustainable Development and Utilization of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Famous-Region Drug, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng Resources Sustainable Development and Utilization of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Famous-Region Drug, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xiuming Cui
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng Resources Sustainable Development and Utilization of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Famous-Region Drug, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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Sun J, Xia JB, Su L, Zhao XM, Chen YP, Yue XY, Li CR. [Soil amelioration of different vegetation types in saline-alkali land of the Yellow River Delta, China]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2020; 31:1323-1332. [PMID: 32530208 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202004.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Yellow River Delta is an important distribution area of coastal saline-alkali land in China. Revegetation is the main technology for ecological restoration during saline-alkali land amelioration. To explore the effects of different vegetation types on soil improvement in saline-alkali land and get the suitable model in the Yellow River Delta, four tree-grass compound models, Salix americana+Distichlis spicata, S. matsudana+D. spicata, Tamarix chinensis+Medicago sativa, and Fraxinus chinensis+T. chinensis+M. sativa, were set up, with pure S. americana forest as the control. Twenty indicators, including soil moisture physical parameters, saline-alkali content, soil nutrient contents, and microorganism quantity etc. were measured. Principal component analysis, cluster analysis and fuzzy mathematics were used to evaluate soil modification effect of different vegetation combinations. The results showed that all compound models significantly improved soil physical and che-mical properties in coastal saline-alkali land by increasing soil porosity, soil water storage, soil organic matter content, available nutrient content and soil microorganism quantity and reducing soil density. Among all the models, the tree-shrub-grass mixed model of F. chinensis+T. chinensis+M. sativa was the most effective in inhibiting salt and alkali stress and increasing soil nutrients and microorganism abundance, whereas the tree-grass mixed model of S. matsudana+D. spicata was the most effective in improving soil water physical properties. The combined effects of different vegetation patterns on soil amelioration in coastal saline-alkali land of the Yellow River Delta were arranged in order of F. chinensis+T. chinensis+M. sativa> S. matsudana+D. spicata> S. americana+D. spicata> T. chinensis+M. sativa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Sun
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taishan Forest Ecosystem Research Station/Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Silviculture of the Lower Yellow River, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China.,Binzhou University/Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for Yellow River Delta, Binzhou 256603, Shandong, China
| | - Jiang-Bao Xia
- Binzhou University/Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for Yellow River Delta, Binzhou 256603, Shandong, China
| | - Li Su
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taishan Forest Ecosystem Research Station/Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Silviculture of the Lower Yellow River, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China.,Binzhou University/Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for Yellow River Delta, Binzhou 256603, Shandong, China
| | - Xi-Mei Zhao
- Binzhou University/Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for Yellow River Delta, Binzhou 256603, Shandong, China
| | - Yin-Ping Chen
- Binzhou University/Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for Yellow River Delta, Binzhou 256603, Shandong, China
| | - Xi-Yuan Yue
- Binzhou University/Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for Yellow River Delta, Binzhou 256603, Shandong, China
| | - Chuan-Rong Li
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taishan Forest Ecosystem Research Station/Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Silviculture of the Lower Yellow River, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
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DU WY, Wang M, Yan ZB, Wang JF, Chen XS, Shen X, Yin CM, Mao ZQ. [Effects of residual apple fermentation products on continuous cropping soil environment and the growth of Malus hupehensis Rehd. Seedlings]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2020; 31:1443-1450. [PMID: 32530220 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202005.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Effects of fermented apple products on the growth of continuous cropping Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings and soil environment were examined in a pot experiment to provide theoretical basis for apple replant disease. There were four treatments, the replanted soil (control, CK), sterilized replant soil (T1), replanted soil applied with apple fermentation products (T2), and replanted soil applied with sterilized apple fermentation products (T3). The results showed that T1, T2 and T3 significantly promoted seedlings growth, with better performance of T1 and T2. T1 increased root respiration rate, plant height, ground diameter, fresh weight, and dry weight by 107.3%, 50.6%, 42.4%, 171.7%, 225.3%, while T3 increased them by 104.4%, 50.6%, 42.3%, 171.8%, 225.5%, respectively over CK. T2 and T3 increased the activities of nutrient conversion-related enzymes in continuous cropping soil. T2 increased the activities of catalase, urease, neutral phosphatase and sucrase by 44.5%, 169.5%, 23.4%, 169.3%, while T3 increased them by 23.7%, 72.6%, 1.5%, 121.5%, respectively. Catalase and sucrase activities under T1 treatment did not differ from that in CK, whereas their urease and neutral phosphatase activities were reduced by 40.8% and 41.6%, respectively. The contents of ammonium, nitrate, available phosphorus and available potassium in T2 soil were increased by 18.6%, 50.6%, 14.0% and 36.7% respectively. T3 only increased the content of available nitrogen, with ammonium and nitrate being increased by 7.0% and 23.6% respectively. The content of available nutrients of T1 decreased compared with CK. T1 and T2 significantly reduced the abundance of actinomycetes and fungi in soil and increased that of bacteria. The abundance of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi in T3 treatment were all significantly decreased. Results of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR analysis showed that the gene copies of Fusarium proliferaturn, F. moniliforme, F. solani and F. oxysporum in T1, T2 and T3 were ecreased to different degrees. Apple fermented product could inhibit soil pathogen in replanted orchard soil, improve soil environment, and promote seedling growth, which could be used to alleviate the apple replant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yan DU
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Mei Wang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Zhu-Bing Yan
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Jian-Feng Wang
- Xintai City Zhai Town Comprehensive Agricultural Service Center, Tai'an 271204, Shandong, China
| | - Xue-Sen Chen
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiang Shen
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Cheng-Miao Yin
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Zhi-Quan Mao
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
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Liu Y, Zhang X, Yang ML, Wang SM. Study on the correlation between soil microbial diversity and ambient environmental factors influencing the safflower distribution in Xinjiang. J Basic Microbiol 2020; 60:517-531. [PMID: 32301140 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201900626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The effects of soil microbial properties and physiographical factors on safflower distributions in the main safflower plantations of Xinjiang province in China were studied. This study may help determine the basis of the environmental factors for evaluating the geoherbalism of this medicinal plant. The soil microbial biodiversity in the bulk soil and rhizosphere of safflower at different growth stages and from different sampling plots were characterized by analyzing the environmental DNAs in the samples. With general primers targeting the 16S ribosomal DNA for bacteria and the internal transcribed spacer 1 gene for fungi, the study was performed using marker gene amplification coupled with Illumina HiSeq high-throughput sequencing technologies. Correlation analysis and a distance-based redundancy analysis were performed to determine the dominant factors affecting the distribution of the microorganism in safflower soils. A total of 16517 bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained from all the 108 soil samples of nine safflower sampling plots. At the phylum level, 48 phyla have been identified with Actinobacteria (32.9%) and proteobacteria (28.7%) being predominant. For fungi, 8746 OTUs were obtained, which belonged to seven phyla with Ascomycota overwhelmingly superior in relative abundance. A significant positive correlation was found between soil microbe quantity and ASL (above sea level). Safflower was sensitive to changes in elevation, growing more abundantly in the mountainous regions at heights of around 1,200 m above sea level. It is concluded that the dominant factors affecting the distribution of microorganisms in safflower soils were soil moisture, available N, and ASL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Mei Ling Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shao Ming Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
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Chen J, Elsgaard L, van Groenigen KJ, Olesen JE, Liang Z, Jiang Y, Laerke PE, Zhang Y, Luo Y, Hungate BA, Sinsabaugh RL, Jørgensen U. Soil carbon loss with warming: New evidence from carbon-degrading enzymes. Glob Chang Biol 2020; 26:1944-1952. [PMID: 31909849 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Climate warming affects soil carbon (C) dynamics, with possible serious consequences for soil C stocks and atmospheric CO2 concentrations. However, the mechanisms underlying changes in soil C storage are not well understood, hampering long-term predictions of climate C-feedbacks. The activity of the extracellular enzymes ligninase and cellulase can be used to track changes in the predominant C sources of soil microbes and can thus provide mechanistic insights into soil C loss pathways. Here we show, using meta-analysis, that reductions in soil C stocks with warming are associated with increased ratios of ligninase to cellulase activity. Furthermore, whereas long-term (≥5 years) warming reduced the soil recalcitrant C pool by 14%, short-term warming had no significant effect. Together, these results suggest that warming stimulates microbial utilization of recalcitrant C pools, possibly exacerbating long-term climate-C feedbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Chen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
- Center for Circular Bioeconomy, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
- iCLIMATE Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Lars Elsgaard
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
- iCLIMATE Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kees Jan van Groenigen
- Department of Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Jørgen E Olesen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
- iCLIMATE Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Zhi Liang
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Poul E Laerke
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
- iCLIMATE Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Yuefang Zhang
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, East China Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Development and Utilization of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiqi Luo
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society and Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Bruce A Hungate
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society and Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | | | - Uffe Jørgensen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
- Center for Circular Bioeconomy, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
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45
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Li X, Zhang Q, Ma J, Yang Y, Wang Y, Fu C. Flooding Irrigation Weakens the Molecular Ecological Network Complexity of Soil Microbes During the Process of Dryland-to-Paddy Conversion. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E561. [PMID: 31952328 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17020561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Irrigation has been applied on a large scale for the improvement of grain yield per hectare and production stability. However, the dryland-to-paddy conversion affects the ecological environment of areas of long-term dry farming, especially soil microorganisms. Little attention has been paid to the changes in microbial communities and the interactions between their populations in this process. Therefore, in this paper, the compositions and diversity of soil bacterial and fungal communities were explored through a combination of high-throughput sequencing technology and molecular ecological network methods using bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal ITS. The results showed that: (1) both the abundance and diversity of soil bacteria and fungi decreased in a short time, and the abundance of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Olpidiomycota varied greatly. (2) Compared to dry land, the modular structure of interaction networks and interspecific relationships of bacterial and fungal communities in paddy soil were simpler, and the network became more unstable. A cooperative relationship dominated in the molecular ecological network of bacteria, while a competitive relationship was dominant in the network of fungi. Actinobacteria and Firmicutes were the dominant bacterial species in dry land and paddy field, respectively. Ascomycota was dominant in the fungal communities of both dry land and paddy field. (3) The change in soil environmental factors, such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM) and available potassium (AK), directly affected the soil microbial community structure, showing a significant correlation (p < 0.05). These environmental factors also influenced the dominant microbial species. Microorganisms are the most important link in the carbon and nitrogen cycles of soil, and a large-scale dryland-to-paddy conversion may reduce the ecological stability of regional soil.
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46
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Wang N, Nan HY, Feng KY. [Effects of reduced chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer application on soil microbial biomass, enzyme activity and cotton yield]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2020; 31:173-181. [PMID: 31957394 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202001.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The effects of 20%-40% fertilizer reduction and different organic fertilizers on soil microbial biomass, enzyme activity and cotton yield were examined for three consecutive years in Hexi area of Gansu, Northwest China. The results showed that compared with single chemical fertilizer application, the abundance of soil bacteria and actinomycetes were significantly increased while that of fungi were decreased with chemical fertilizer reduction combined with organic fertilizer. The abundance of soil bacteria was maximum under the treatment of chemical fertilizer reduction combined with common organic fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizer (COBF2), which was 84.6%, 57.1% and 43.5% higher than that under single application of chemical fertilizer (CF) in the bud stage, boll stage and boll open stage, while the abundance of actinomycetes was maximum under the chemical fertilizer reduction combined with common bio-organic fertilizer (CBF2), which was 28.2%, 32.7% and 32.2% higher than CF. The abundance of fungi was the lowest in the CBF2 treatment, which was 35.8%, 29.3%and 13.4% lower than CF treatment in three periods. The ratios of bacteria to fungi, actinomycetes to fungi and the activity of soil urease, catalase, sucrase and alkaline phosphatase were increased by the chemical fertilizer reduction combined with organic fertilizer. COBF2 was the most effective way to improve enzyme activity. Fertilizer reduction combined with the application of organic fertilizer increased boll number per individual of cotton plant, promoted cotton growth and dry matter accumulation in the ground to a certain extent. The cotton yield under COBF2 treatment was the highest, which showed an significant increase of 14.2% and 10.9% respectively in seed and lint cotton yield than CF. Our results showed that COBF2, with 60% reduction of chemical fertilizer combined with 1800 kg·hm-2 ordinary organic fertilizer and 600 kg·hm-2 biological organic fertilizer, had the best fertilization effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Hong-Yu Nan
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ke-Yun Feng
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China
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47
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Liu YG, Zhang ML, Guan DX, Song XF, Yuan FH, Wu JB, Wang AZ. [Natural science research in Changbai Mountain during 1956-2018:A review.]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2019; 30:1783-1796. [PMID: 31107035 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201905.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized the scientific research carried out in Changbai Mountain from 1956 to 2018 by mapping knowledge domains and bibliometrics based on the literature from international database (WOS) and domestic databases (CNKI and CSCD). The results showed that natural science research in Changbai Mountain underwent three stages during 1956-2018, including embryo stage, growing stage, and rapid development stage. The natural research in Changbai Mountain could be divided into five fields, i.e., forest and ecological science, volcano and geology science, environmental change science, resource sciences and utilization, animal and microbial science, with a total of 20 main research directions. Since 2000, forest and ecological science, volcano and geological science, environmental change science dominated the natural science research in Changbai Mountain. The researches in recent 20 years mainly concentrated on the following seven disciplines: community ecology, forest management, soil ecology, ecosystem ecology, eco-climatology, forest responses to environmental change, and volcanic geology. International researches showed a trend of strong integration of different disciplines. We forecast that the natural science research in the Changbai Mountain would deepen its research in the next decade. Moreover, other fields such as old-growth forest and large-scale ecosystem carbon processes, forest-altitude-climate change, soil fauna and microorganisms, forest management and human activities, biodiversity, volcanic origin and eruption history, volcanic eruption dynamics and volcanic monitoring will emerge as the new research focus. Scale polarization, elements diversification, discipline crossing, and research deepening would be the future trend of natural science research in Changbai Mountain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Ge Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mao Liang Zhang
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - De Xin Guan
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiu Fang Song
- National Science Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Department of Library, Information and Archives Management, School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Feng Hui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jia Bing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - An Zhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
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48
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Yan S, Niu Z, Zhang A, Yan H, Zhang H, He K, Xiao X, Wang N, Guan C, Liu G. Biochar application on paddy and purple soils in southern China: soil carbon and biotic activity. R Soc Open Sci 2019; 6:181499. [PMID: 31417689 PMCID: PMC6689583 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.181499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Soil carbon reserves are the largest terrestrial carbon pools. Common agricultural practices, such as high fertilization rates and intensive crop rotation, have led to global-scale environmental changes, including decreased soil organic matter, lower carbon/nitrogen ratios and disruption of soil carbon pools. These changes have resulted in a decrease in soil microbial activity, severe reduction in soil fertility and transformation of soil nutrients, thereby causing soil nutrient imbalance, which seriously affects crop production. In this study, 16S rDNA-based analysis and static chamber-gas chromatography were used to elucidate the effects of continuous application of straw biochar on soil carbon pools and the soil microbial environments of two typical soil types (purple and paddy soils) in southern China. Application of biochar (1) improved the soil carbon pool and its activity, (2) significantly promoted the release of soil CO2 and (3) improved the soil carbon environment. Soil carbon content was closely correlated with the abundance of organisms belonging to two orders, Lactobacillales and Bacteroidales, and, more specifically, to the genus Lactococcus. These results suggest that biochar affects the soil carbon environment and soil microorganism abundance, which in turn may improve the soil carbon pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Yan
- Department of Tobacco cultivation, Tobacco Cultivation Key Laboratory in Tobacco Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, People's Republic of China
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengyang Niu
- Department of Tobacco cultivation, Tobacco Cultivation Key Laboratory in Tobacco Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, People's Republic of China
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Aigai Zhang
- Department of Tobacco cultivation, Tobacco Cultivation Key Laboratory in Tobacco Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, People's Republic of China
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Yan
- Department of Tobacco cultivation, Tobacco Cultivation Key Laboratory in Tobacco Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, People's Republic of China
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - He Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuanxin He
- Department of Tobacco cultivation, Tobacco Science Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianyi Xiao
- Department of Tobacco cultivation, Tobacco Science Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330025, People's Republic of China
| | - Nianlei Wang
- Department of Tobacco cultivation, Tobacco Science Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330025, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengwei Guan
- Department of Tobacco cultivation, Tobacco Science Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330025, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoshun Liu
- Department of Tobacco cultivation, Tobacco Cultivation Key Laboratory in Tobacco Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, People's Republic of China
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, People's Republic of China
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49
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Lyu N, Shi L, Liu HY, Si AJ, Li QS, Zhang GL, Chen Y. [Effects of biological agent dripping on cotton Verticillium wilt and rhizosphere soil microorganism]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2019; 30:602-614. [PMID: 30915813 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201902.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Biological agent is an important green pathway to control Verticillium wilt. A field experiment was performed to examine the effects of Bacillus subtilis agent (15, 30 and 45 kg·hm-2), Trichoderma humatum agent (15, 18 and 24 kg·hm-2), 'Yufeng 99' agent (15, 22.5 and 30 kg·hm-2) and Zhongnonglyukang agent (30, 45 and 60 kg·hm-2) on cotton Verticillium wilt and soil microbial community. The results showed that all of the four biological agents could reduce the incidence and index of cotton Verticillium wilt, with control effects of 50.0%-77.4% in the whole growth period of cotton. The control effects of B. subtilis, 'Yufeng 99' and Zhongnonglyukang agent were positively correlated with the application doses, while that of T. humatum agent of 18 kg·hm-2 was significantly higher than 15 and 24 kg·hm-2. The relative abundance of V. dahliae was significantly reduced, which was negatively correlated with the control effect. The quantity and species richness of soil bacteria were significantly increased with the increases of application doses. The quantity and species abundance of actinomycete were significantly increased, while the quantity of actinomycete varied greatly among different application doses. The quantity and species richness of fungi increased with the increased application doses of T. humatum agent, but was decreased with the increased application doses of other three biological agents, respectively. The control effect was positively correlated with the quantity of bacteria and actinomycetes, but was negatively correlated with that of fungi. Meanwhile, the control effect was significantly and positively correlated with the abundance of Actinomycetes, Nitrospirae, Ascomycota, Chytridiomycota, but was significantly and negatively correlated with that of Deuteromycota. The application doses of 'Yufeng 99', zhongnonglyukang, B. subtilis and T. humatum agents were suggested to be 30, 60, 45 and 18 kg·hm-2, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Lyu
- Institute of Field Water Conservancy, Soil and Fertilizer Research, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China.,College of Economics and Management, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Institute of Field Water Conservancy, Soil and Fertilizer Research, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hai-Yan Liu
- College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ai-Jun Si
- Institute of Cotton Research, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Quan-Sheng Li
- Institute of Biotechnology Research, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Guo-Li Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology Research, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Institute of Field Water Conservancy, Soil and Fertilizer Research, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
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50
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Fang JJ, Li Q, Liu C, Jin ZJ, Liang YM, Huang BH, Lu XX, Peng WJ. [Carbon Metabolism Characteristics of the Karst Soil Microbial Community for Pb-Zn Mine Tailings]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2019; 39:2420-2430. [PMID: 29965543 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201709093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BIOLOG and 18S rRNA PCR-DGGE methods were used to estimate the characteristics of carbon source metabolism of the soil microbial community as well as the relationship between soil fungi and soil organic carbon in different karst land use types (corn field, citrus field, and paddy field) contaminated by Pb-Zn tailings at Sidi Village, Yangshuo, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, SW China. It was found that the concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd were highest in the paddy field, followed by the corn field, citrus field, and control group (dry field). In addition, the geo-accumulation index indicated that the heavy metal pollution at this area was caused by Pb and Cd and that Cd was the key environmental risk factor. With the Pb-Zn tailings, there was low microbial biomass carbon, biological entropy, and microbial carbon source metabolism in the soil samples. The highest soil organic carbon and heavy metal concentrations were found in the paddy field, followed by the corn field and citrus field. According to the DDGE results, it was found that Pycnoporus sp. ZW02.30 was found in control group soils, Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum were found in the corn field and citrus field, and Penicillium decumbens was found in citrus field. These were involved in the degradation of sugars, such as starch, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. However, the fungi were not found in the paddy field. Based on the low functional diversity of the soil microbial community and biological entropy as well as the high soil organic carbon concentration in the paddy field, it was concluded that soil microbial carbohydrate metabolism and the mineralization rate of the soil organic carbon was controlled by soil microorganisms, especially fungi, in different land use soils in the karst area contaminated by Pb-Zn tailings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jia Fang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.,Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Land and Resources & Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China.,International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Land and Resources & Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China.,International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Land and Resources & Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China.,International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Zhen-Jiang Jin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Yue-Ming Liang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Land and Resources & Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China.,International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Bing-Hui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Land and Resources & Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China.,International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin 541004, China.,College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Lu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.,Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Land and Resources & Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China.,International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Wen-Jie Peng
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Land and Resources & Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China.,International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin 541004, China.,College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China
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