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Xu K, Lu W, Yu A, Wu H, He J. Effect of the STK11 mutation on therapeutic efficacy and prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: a comprehensive study based on meta-analyses and bioinformatics analyses. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:491. [PMID: 38632512 PMCID: PMC11025184 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12130-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to systematically analyze the effect of a serine/threonine kinase (STK11) mutation (STK11mut) on therapeutic efficacy and prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS Candidate articles were identified through a search of relevant literature published on or before April 1, 2023, in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI and Wanfang databases. The extracted and analyzed data included the hazard ratios (HRs) of PFS and OS, the objective response rate (ORR) of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), and the positive rates of PD-L1 expression. The HR of PFS and OS and the merged ratios were calculated using a meta-analysis. The correlation between STK11mut and clinical characteristics was further analyzed in NSCLC datasets from public databases. RESULTS Fourteen retrospective studies including 4317 patients with NSCLC of whom 605 had STK11mut were included. The meta-analysis revealed that the ORR of ICIs in patients with STK11mut was 10.1% (95%CI 0.9-25.2), and the positive rate of PD-L1 expression was 41.1% (95%CI 25.3-57.0). STK11mut was associated with poor PFS (HR = 1.49, 95%CI 1.28-1.74) and poor OS (HR = 1.44, 95%CI 1.24-1.67). In the bioinformatics analysis, PFS and OS in patients with STK11 alterations were worse than those in patients without alterations (p < 0.001, p = 0.002). Nutlin-3a, 5-fluorouracil, and vinorelbine may have better sensitivity in patients with STK11mut than in those with STK11wt. CONCLUSIONS Patients with STK11-mutant NSCLC had low PD-L1 expression and ORR to ICIs, and their PFS and OS were worse than patients with STK11wt after comprehensive treatment. In the future, more reasonable systematic treatments should be explored for this subgroup of patients with STK11-mutant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Weinan Lu
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Airu Yu
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongwei Wu
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie He
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Tan I, Xu S, Huo J, Huang Y, Lim HH, Lam KP. Identification of a novel mitochondria-localized LKB1 variant required for the regulation of the oxidative stress response. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104906. [PMID: 37302555 PMCID: PMC10404683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor Liver Kinase B1 (LKB1) is a multifunctional serine/threonine protein kinase that regulates cell metabolism, polarity, and growth and is associated with Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome and cancer predisposition. The LKB1 gene comprises 10 exons and 9 introns. Three spliced LKB1 variants have been documented, and they reside mainly in the cytoplasm, although two possess a nuclear-localization sequence (NLS) and are able to shuttle into the nucleus. Here, we report the identification of a fourth and novel LKB1 isoform that is, interestingly, targeted to the mitochondria. We show that this mitochondria-localized LKB1 (mLKB1) is generated from alternative splicing in the 5' region of the transcript and translated from an alternative initiation codon encoded by a previously unknown exon 1b (131 bp) hidden within the long intron 1 of LKB1 gene. We found by replacing the N-terminal NLS of the canonical LKB1 isoform, the N-terminus of the alternatively spliced mLKB1 variant encodes a mitochondrial transit peptide that allows it to localize to the mitochondria. We further demonstrate that mLKB1 colocalizes histologically with mitochondria-resident ATP Synthase and NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrial (SIRT3) and that its expression is rapidly and transiently upregulated by oxidative stress. We conclude that this novel LKB1 isoform, mLKB1, plays a critical role in regulating mitochondrial metabolic activity and oxidative stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Tan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shengli Xu
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianxin Huo
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuhan Huang
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hong-Hwa Lim
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kong-Peng Lam
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
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Long LL, Ma SC, Guo ZQ, Zhang YP, Fan Z, Liu LJ, Liu L, Han DD, Leng MX, Wang J, Guo XJ, Tan JL, Cai XT, Lin Y, Pan X, Wu DH, Bai X, Dong ZY. PARP Inhibition Induces Synthetic Lethality and Adaptive Immunity in LKB1-Mutant Lung Cancer. Cancer Res 2023; 83:568-581. [PMID: 36512628 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-1740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Contradictory characteristics of elevated mutational burden and a "cold" tumor microenvironment (TME) coexist in liver kinase B1 (LKB1)-mutant non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). The molecular basis underlying this paradox and strategies tailored to these historically difficult to treat cancers are lacking. Here, by mapping the single-cell transcriptomic landscape of genetically engineered mouse models with Kras versus Kras/Lkb1-driven lung tumors, we detected impaired tumor-intrinsic IFNγ signaling in Kras/Lkb1-driven tumors that explains the inert immune context. Mechanistic analysis showed that mutant LKB1 led to deficiency in the DNA damage repair process and abnormally activated PARP1. Hyperactivated PARP1 attenuated the IFNγ pathway by physically interacting with and enhancing the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of STAT1, compromising its phosphorylation and activation. Abrogation of the PARP1-driven program triggered synthetic lethality in NSCLC on the basis of the LKB1 mutation-mediated DNA repair defect, while also restoring phosphorylated STAT1 to favor an immunologically "hot" TME. Accordingly, PARP1 inhibition restored the disrupted IFNγ signaling and thus mounted an adaptive immune response to synergize with PD-1 blockade in multiple LKB1-deficient murine tumor models. Overall, this study reveals an unexplored interplay between the DNA repair process and adaptive immune response, providing a molecular basis for dual PARP1 and PD-1 inhibition in treating LKB1-mutant NSCLC. SIGNIFICANCE Targeting PARP exerts dual effects to overcome LKB1 loss-driven immunotherapy resistance through triggering DNA damage and adaptive immunity, providing a rationale for dual PARP and PD-1 inhibition in treating LKB1-mutant lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Long
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Cong Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Information Management and Big Data Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Qin Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Pei Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Information Management and Big Data Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Fan
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Juan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Liu
- Information Management and Big Data Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Quality Management, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Duan-Duan Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Xin Leng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Jun Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Le Tan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinghua Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou, China
| | - De-Hua Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Yi Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Zheng Y, Tao Y, Zhan X, Wu Q. Nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1) silencing protects hepatocyte against hypoxia-reperfusion injury in vitro by activating liver kinase B1 (LKB1)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling. Bioengineered 2022; 13:8349-8359. [PMID: 35311465 PMCID: PMC9161842 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2053804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1) is widely involved in the regulation of cell survival and is related to ischemic injury in several organs. This research examined the emerging role and mechanism of NR4A1 in hepatocyte ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). BRL-3A cells were subjected to hypoxia-reperfusion (H/R) to simulate an IRI model in vitro. The expression of NR4A1 and liver kinase B1 (LKB1)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway-related proteins (LKB1, AMPK, and ACC) was detected by western blotting or RT-qPCR under H/R condition after NR4A1 overexpression or silencing. Then, radicicol, an inhibitor of LKB1 pathway, was used to determine the role of NR4A1 in hepatocyte H/R injury by regulating LKB1. Under the help of CCK-8 assay, cell viability was assessed. The levels of ROS, MDA, and SOD were determined with corresponding kits to evaluate oxidative stress. Additionally, RT-qPCR was employed to analyze the releases of the inflammatory factors. Flow cytometry was applied to estimate the apoptosis and its related proteins, and autophagy-associated proteins were assayed by western blotting. Results indicated that NR4A1 was highly expressed, while proteins in LKB1/AMPK signaling was downregulated in BRL-3A cells exposed to H/R. The activation of LKB1/AMPK pathway could be negatively regulated by NR4A1. Moreover, NR4A1 depletion conspicuously promoted cell viability, inhibited oxidative stress as well as inflammation, and induced apoptosis and autophagy in H/R-stimulated BRL-3A cells, which were reversed after radicicol intervention. Collectively, NR4A1/LKB1/AMPK axis is a new protective pathway involved in hepatocyte IRI, shedding new insights into the improvement of hepatocyte IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zheng
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery Department, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Tao
- Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Hangzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhan
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery Department, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery Department, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Ricciuti B, Arbour KC, Lin JJ, Vajdi A, Vokes N, Hong L, Zhang J, Tolstorukov MY, Li YY, Spurr LF, Cherniack AD, Recondo G, Lamberti G, Wang X, Venkatraman D, Alessi JV, Vaz VR, Rizvi H, Egger J, Plodkowski AJ, Khosrowjerdi S, Digumarthy S, Park H, Vaz N, Nishino M, Sholl LM, Barbie D, Altan M, Heymach JV, Skoulidis F, Gainor JF, Hellmann MD, Awad MM. Diminished Efficacy of Programmed Death-(Ligand)1 Inhibition in STK11- and KEAP1-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma Is Affected by KRAS Mutation Status. J Thorac Oncol 2022; 17:399-410. [PMID: 34740862 PMCID: PMC10980559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION STK11 and KEAP1 mutations (STK11 mutant [STK11MUT] and KEAP1MUT) are among the most often mutated genes in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Although STK11MUT has been associated with resistance to programmed death-(ligand)1 (PD-[L]1) inhibition in KRASMUT LUAD, its impact on immunotherapy efficacy in KRAS wild-type (KRASWT) LUAD is currently unknown. Whether KEAP1MUT differentially affects outcomes to PD-(L)1 inhibition in KRASMUT and KRASWT LUAD is also unknown. METHODS Clinicopathologic and genomic data were collected from September 2013 to September 2020 from patients with advanced LUAD at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Massachusetts General Hospital cohort and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center/MD Anderson Cancer Center cohort. Clinical outcomes to PD-(L)1 inhibition were analyzed according to KRAS, STK11, and KEAP1 mutation status in two independent cohorts. The Cancer Genome Atlas transcriptomic data were interrogated to identify differences in tumor gene expression and tumor immune cell subsets, respectively, according to KRAS/STK11 and KRAS/KEAP1 comutation status. RESULTS In the combined cohort (Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Massachusetts General Hospital + Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center/MD Anderson Cancer Center) of 1261 patients (median age = 61 y [range: 22-92], 708 women [56.1%], 1065 smokers [84.4%]), KRAS mutations were detected in 536 cases (42.5%), and deleterious STK11 and KEAP1 mutations were found in 20.6% (260 of 1261) and 19.2% (231 of 1202) of assessable cases, respectively. In each independent cohort and in the combined cohort, STK11 and KEAP1 mutations were associated with significantly worse progression-free (STK11 hazard ratio [HR] = 2.04, p < 0.0001; KEAP1 HR = 2.05, p < 0.0001) and overall (STK11 HR = 2.09, p < 0.0001; KEAP1 HR = 2.24, p < 0.0001) survival to immunotherapy uniquely among KRASMUT but not KRASWT LUADs. Gene expression ontology and immune cell enrichment analyses revealed that the presence of STK11 or KEAP1 mutations results in distinct immunophenotypes in KRASMUT, but not in KRASWT, lung cancers. CONCLUSIONS STK11 and KEAP1 mutations confer worse outcomes to immunotherapy among patients with KRASMUT but not among KRASWT LUAD. Tumors harboring concurrent KRAS/STK11 and KRAS/KEAP1 mutations display distinct immune profiles in terms of gene expression and immune cell infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biagio Ricciuti
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kathryn C Arbour
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jessica J Lin
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amir Vajdi
- Department of Analytics and Informatics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Natalie Vokes
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lingzhi Hong
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael Y Tolstorukov
- Department of Analytics and Informatics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yvonne Y Li
- Department of Analytics and Informatics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Liam F Spurr
- Department of Analytics and Informatics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew D Cherniack
- Department of Analytics and Informatics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Gonzalo Recondo
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Giuseppe Lamberti
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xinan Wang
- Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Deepti Venkatraman
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joao V Alessi
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Victor R Vaz
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hira Rizvi
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jacklynn Egger
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Andrew J Plodkowski
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sara Khosrowjerdi
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Subba Digumarthy
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hyesun Park
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nuno Vaz
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mizuki Nishino
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lynette M Sholl
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David Barbie
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mehmet Altan
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - John V Heymach
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ferdinandos Skoulidis
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Justin F Gainor
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthew D Hellmann
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Mark M Awad
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Zhao Q, Han YM, Song P, Liu Z, Yuan Z, Zou MH. Endothelial cell-specific expression of serine/threonine kinase 11 modulates dendritic cell differentiation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:648. [PMID: 35115536 PMCID: PMC8814147 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28316-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the bone marrow, classical and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DC) develop from the macrophage-DC precursor (MDP) through a common DC precursor (CDP) step. This developmental process receives essential input from the niche in which it takes place, containing endothelial cells (EC) among other cell types. Here we show that targeted deletion of serine/threonine kinase 11 (Stk11) encoding tumor suppressor liver kinase b1 (Lkb1) in mouse ECs but not DCs, results in disrupted differentiation of MDPs to CDPs, severe reduction in mature DC numbers and spontaneous tumorigenesis. In wild type ECs, Lkb1 phosphorylates polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (Ptbp1) at threonine 138, which regulates stem cell factor (Scf) pre-mRNA splicing. In the absence of Lkb1, exon 6 of Scf is spliced out, leading to the loss of Scf secretion. Adeno-associated-virus-mediated delivery of genes encoding either soluble Scf or the phosphomimetic mutant Ptbp1T138E proteins rescued the defects of MDP to CDP differentiation and DC shortage in the endothelium specific Stk11 knockout mice. In summary, endothelial Stk11 expression regulates DC differentiation via modulation of Scf splicing, marking the Stk11-soluble-Scf axis as a potential cause of DC deficiency syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhao
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Young-Min Han
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Ping Song
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Zhixue Liu
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Zuyi Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zou
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
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Lee H, Cai F, Kelekar N, Velupally NK, Kim J. Targeting PGM3 as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy in KRAS/LKB1 Co-Mutant Lung Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11010176. [PMID: 35011738 PMCID: PMC8750012 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), concurrent mutations in the oncogene KRAS and tumor suppressor STK11 (also known as LKB1) confer an aggressive malignant phenotype, an unfavourability towards immunotherapy, and overall poor prognoses in patients. In a previous study, we showed that murine KRAS/LKB1 co-mutant tumors and human co-mutant cancer cells have an enhanced dependence on glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 2 (GFPT2), a rate-limiting enzyme in the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP), which could be targeted to reduce survival of KRAS/LKB1 co-mutants. Here, we found that KRAS/LKB1 co-mutant cells also exhibit an increased dependence on N-acetylglucosamine-phosphate mutase 3 (PGM3), an enzyme downstream of GFPT2. Genetic or pharmacologic suppression of PGM3 reduced KRAS/LKB1 co-mutant tumor growth in both in vitro and in vivo settings. Our results define an additional metabolic vulnerability in KRAS/LKB1 co-mutant tumors to the HBP and provide a rationale for targeting PGM3 in this aggressive subtype of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunmin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; (H.L.); (N.K.); (N.K.V.)
| | - Feng Cai
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, UT-Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
| | - Neil Kelekar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; (H.L.); (N.K.); (N.K.V.)
| | - Nipun K. Velupally
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; (H.L.); (N.K.); (N.K.V.)
| | - Jiyeon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; (H.L.); (N.K.); (N.K.V.)
- Correspondence:
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Yang ZJ, Wang YX, Zhao S, Hu N, Chen DM, Ma HM. SIRT 3 was involved in Lycium barbarum seed oil protection testis from oxidative stress: in vitro and in vivo analyses. Pharm Biol 2021; 59:1314-1325. [PMID: 34569428 PMCID: PMC8475125 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1961822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Lycium barbarum L. (Solanaceae) seed oil (LBSO) exerts LBSO exerts protective effects in the testis in vivo and in vitro via upregulating SIRT3. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the effects and mechanism of LBSO in the d-galactose (d-gal)-induced ageing testis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (n = 30, 8-week-old) were randomly divided into three groups: LBSO group (n = 10) where rats received subcutaneous injection of d-gal at 125 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks and intragastric administration of LBSO at 1000 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks, ageing model group (n = 10) received 8-week-sunbcutaneous injection of d-gal, and control group (n = 10) with same administration of normal saline. Lentivirus had established TM4 cells with SIRT3 overexpression or silencing before LBSO intervened in vitro. RESULTS Treatment with LBSO, the levels of INHB and testosterone both increased, compared to ageing model. In vitro, we found the ED50 of LBSO was 86.72 ± 1.49 and when the concentration of LBSO at 100 μg/mL to intervene TM4 cells, the number of cells increased from 8120 ± 676.2 to 15251 ± 1119, and the expression of SIRT3, HO-1, and SOD upregulated. However, HO-1 and SOD were dysregulated by silencing SIRT3. On the other hand, the expression of AMPK and PGC-1α upregulated as an effect of SIRT3 overexpression by lentivirus, meanwhile the same increasing trend of that being found in cells treated with LBSO, compared to control group. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS LBSO alleviated oxidative stress in d-gal-induced sub-acutely ageing testis and TM4 cells by suppressing the oxidative stress to mitochondria via SIRT3/AMPK/PGC-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang-Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education in Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yu-Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education in Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education in Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Na Hu
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education in Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Dong-Mei Chen
- Institute of Human Stem Cell Research, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Hui-Ming Ma
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education in Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- College of Chinese medicine of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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9
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Song Y, Zhao F, Ma W, Li G. Hotspots and trends in liver kinase B1 research: A bibliometric analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259240. [PMID: 34735498 PMCID: PMC8568265 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the past 22 years, a large number of publications have reported that liver kinase B1 (LKB1) can regulate a variety of cellular processes and play an important role in many diseases. However, there is no systematic bibliometric analysis on the publications of LKB1 to reveal the research hotspots and future direction. Methods Publications were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC), Scopus, and PubMed databases. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to analysis the top countries, institutions, authors, source journals, discipline categories, references, and keywords. Results In the past 22 years, the number of LKB1 publications has increased gradually by year. The country, institution, author, journals that have published the most articles and cited the most frequently were the United States, Harvard University, Prof. Benoit Viollet, Journal of Biochemistry and Plos One. The focused research hotspot was the molecular functions of LKB1. The emerging hotspots and future trends are the clinical studies about LKB1 and co-mutated genes as biomarkers in tumors, especially in lung adenocarcinoma. Conclusions Our research could provide knowledge base, frontiers, emerging hotspots and future trends associated with LKB1 for researchers in this field, and contribute to finding potential cooperation possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowen Song
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyan, China
| | - Fangkun Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guang Li
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyan, China
- * E-mail:
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Li G, Deng L, Huang N, Cui Z, Wu Q, Ma J, Pan Q, Sun F. m 6A mRNA Methylation Regulates LKB1 to Promote Autophagy of Hepatoblastoma Cells through Upregulated Phosphorylation of AMPK. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1747. [PMID: 34828353 PMCID: PMC8621998 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification can regulate autophagy to modulate the growth and development of tumors, but the mechanism of m6A modification for the regulation of autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC) remains unclear. In the study, the knockdown of the Wilms' tumor 1-associating protein (WTAP) was made in HCC to study the correlation between m6A modification and autophagy. A fluorescent confocal microscopy analysis showed that the knockdown of WTAP could facilitate the autophagy of HCC. A Western blot analysis showed that the level of p-AMPK was decreased in WTAP-knockdown HCC cells. Additionally, LKB1, the upstream kinase of AMPK, was regulated by WTAP and it could mediate the phosphorylation of AMPK in an m6A-dependent manner. Further studies revealed that the knockdown of WTAP could reduce the level of LKB1 mRNA with m6A. This could result in the increased stability of LKB1 mRNA to promote its expression. The knockdown of WTAP could upregulate the level of autophagy and inhibit HCC proliferation. However, the overexpression of WTAP could resist autophagic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (G.L.); (L.D.)
| | - Liang Deng
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (G.L.); (L.D.)
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China; (N.H.); (Z.C.); (Q.W.)
| | - Nan Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China; (N.H.); (Z.C.); (Q.W.)
| | - Zhongqi Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China; (N.H.); (Z.C.); (Q.W.)
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China; (N.H.); (Z.C.); (Q.W.)
| | - Ji Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; (J.M.); (Q.P.)
| | - Qiuhui Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; (J.M.); (Q.P.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Diagnostics for Pediatrics, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Fenyong Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China; (N.H.); (Z.C.); (Q.W.)
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11
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Nyandwi JB, Ko YS, Jin H, Yun SP, Park SW, Kim HJ. Rosmarinic Acid Exhibits a Lipid-Lowering Effect by Modulating the Expression of Reverse Cholesterol Transporters and Lipid Metabolism in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1470. [PMID: 34680102 PMCID: PMC8533102 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a potent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. The reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) process has been shown to alleviate hyperlipidemia and protect against cardiovascular diseases. Recently, rosmarinic acid was reported to exhibit lipid-lowering effects. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. This study aims to investigate whether rosmarinic acid lowers lipids by modulating the RCT process in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperlipidemic C57BL/6J mice. Our results indicated that rosmarinic acid treatment significantly decreased body weight, blood glucose, and plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in HFD-fed mice. Rosmarinic acid increased the expression levels of cholesterol uptake-associated receptors in liver tissues, including scavenger receptor B type 1 (SR-B1) and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R). Furthermore, rosmarinic acid treatment notably increased the expression of cholesterol excretion molecules, ATP-binding cassette G5 (ABCG5) and G8 (ABCG8) transporters, and cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase A1 (CYP7A1) as well as markedly reduced cholesterol and triglyceride levels in liver tissues. In addition, rosmarinic acid facilitated fatty acid oxidation through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-mediated carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) induction. In conclusion, rosmarinic acid exhibited a lipid-lowering effect by modulating the expression of RCT-related proteins and lipid metabolism-associated molecules, confirming its potential for the prevention or treatment of hyperlipidemia-derived diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Baptiste Nyandwi
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (J.B.N.); (Y.S.K.); (H.J.); (S.P.Y.); (S.W.P.)
- Department of Convergence Medical Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali 4285, Rwanda
| | - Young Shin Ko
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (J.B.N.); (Y.S.K.); (H.J.); (S.P.Y.); (S.W.P.)
| | - Hana Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (J.B.N.); (Y.S.K.); (H.J.); (S.P.Y.); (S.W.P.)
| | - Seung Pil Yun
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (J.B.N.); (Y.S.K.); (H.J.); (S.P.Y.); (S.W.P.)
- Department of Convergence Medical Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Sang Won Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (J.B.N.); (Y.S.K.); (H.J.); (S.P.Y.); (S.W.P.)
- Department of Convergence Medical Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Hye Jung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (J.B.N.); (Y.S.K.); (H.J.); (S.P.Y.); (S.W.P.)
- Department of Convergence Medical Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
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12
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Hulsurkar MM, Lahiri SK, Moore O, Moreira LM, Abu-Taha I, Kamler M, Dobrev D, Nattel S, Reilly S, Wehrens XH. Atrial-Specific LKB1 Knockdown Represents a Novel Mouse Model of Atrial Cardiomyopathy With Spontaneous Atrial Fibrillation. Circulation 2021; 144:909-912. [PMID: 34516304 PMCID: PMC8442761 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.055373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohit M. Hulsurkar
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Satadru K. Lahiri
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Oliver Moore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lucia M Moreira
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Issam Abu-Taha
- Institute of Pharmacology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Markus Kamler
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Huttrop, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Institute of Pharmacology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Montreal Heart Institute/University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Institute of Pharmacology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Montreal Heart Institute/University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- IHU LIRYC and Foundation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France
| | - Svetlana Reilly
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Correspondence to: Svetlana Reilly, MD, PhD, Oxford University, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK, Tel +44-1865-234-646, ; Xander HT Wehrens, MD, PhD, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, BCM335, Houston, TX 77030, USA, Tel +1-713-798-4261,
| | - Xander H.T. Wehrens
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Correspondence to: Svetlana Reilly, MD, PhD, Oxford University, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK, Tel +44-1865-234-646, ; Xander HT Wehrens, MD, PhD, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, BCM335, Houston, TX 77030, USA, Tel +1-713-798-4261,
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Behrens C, Rocha P, Parra ER, Feng L, Rodriguez-Canales J, Solis LM, Mino B, Zhang J, Gibbons DL, Sepesi B, Rice D, Heymach JV, Moran C, Creighton CJ, Lee JJ, Kadara H, Wistuba II. Female Gender Predicts Augmented Immune Infiltration in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Clin Lung Cancer 2021; 22:e415-e424. [PMID: 32763065 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinomas (LUADs) has been associated with response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Clinical features underlying differential responses of patients with LUADs to immunotherapy are not well understood. Here, we analyzed the association between LUAD immune infiltration and clinicopathologic variables. MATERIALS AND METHODS Intratumoral CD3, CD8, and CD68 cell densities (tumor-associated immune cells [TAICs]) were immunohistochemically assessed in 146 surgically resected LUADs. LUADs were classified into 2 groups, low and high TAICs, based on the median values of cell densities for CD3, CD8, and CD68. Somatic mutation burden and driver gene mutation status were analyzed in a subset of the cases (n = 92). We statistically analyzed the association between the TAIC groups and various clinicopathologic and molecular variables by using the χ2/Fisher and Wilcoxon sum tests and multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS Patient gender, tumor size, and STK11 mutations were significantly associated with TAIC levels in LUAD. Female patients exhibited significantly elevated TAIC levels (P = .005) compared with male patients. Tumor size was inversely associated with TAIC levels (P = .012). STK11 mutated tumors were associated with lower TAICs (P = .008). Higher TAICs were consistently observed in female patients with LUADs after adjusting for stage, tumor size, and age. Multivariable regression models confirmed female gender as an independent variable associated with TAIC levels in LUAD (P = .0141). CONCLUSION Immune infiltration in LUADs was significantly higher in female patients, warranting further exploration into the association between this clinical variable and immunotherapeutic response in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Behrens
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
| | - Pedro Rocha
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Edwin R Parra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Lei Feng
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jaime Rodriguez-Canales
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Luisa M Solis
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Barbara Mino
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Don L Gibbons
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Boris Sepesi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - David Rice
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - John V Heymach
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Cesar Moran
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Chad J Creighton
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - J Jack Lee
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Humam Kadara
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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14
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Singh A, Daemen A, Nickles D, Jeon SM, Foreman O, Sudini K, Gnad F, Lajoie S, Gour N, Mitzner W, Chatterjee S, Choi EJ, Ravishankar B, Rappaport A, Patil N, McCleland M, Johnson L, Acquaah-Mensah G, Gabrielson E, Biswal S, Hatzivassiliou G. NRF2 Activation Promotes Aggressive Lung Cancer and Associates with Poor Clinical Outcomes. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:877-888. [PMID: 33077574 PMCID: PMC10867786 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-1985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Stabilization of the transcription factor NRF2 through genomic alterations in KEAP1 and NFE2L2 occurs in a quarter of patients with lung adenocarcinoma and a third of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma. In lung adenocarcinoma, KEAP1 loss often co-occurs with STK11 loss and KRAS-activating alterations. Despite its prevalence, the impact of NRF2 activation on tumor progression and patient outcomes is not fully defined. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We model NRF2 activation, STK11 loss, and KRAS activation in vivo using novel genetically engineered mouse models. Furthermore, we derive a NRF2 activation signature from human non-small cell lung tumors that we use to dissect how these genomic events impact outcomes and immune contexture of participants in the OAK and IMpower131 immunotherapy trials. RESULTS Our in vivo data reveal roles for NRF2 activation in (i) promoting rapid-onset, multifocal intrabronchiolar carcinomas, leading to lethal pulmonary dysfunction, and (ii) decreasing elevated redox stress in KRAS-mutant, STK11-null tumors. In patients with nonsquamous tumors, the NRF2 signature is negatively prognostic independently of STK11 loss. Patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma with low NRF2 signature survive longer when receiving anti-PD-L1 treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our in vivo modeling establishes NRF2 activation as a critical oncogenic driver, cooperating with STK11 loss and KRAS activation to promote aggressive lung adenocarcinoma. In patients, oncogenic events alter the tumor immune contexture, possibly having an impact on treatment responses. Importantly, patients with NRF2-activated nonsquamous or squamous tumors have poor prognosis and show limited response to anti-PD-L1 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Singh
- Department of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Anneleen Daemen
- Oncology Bioinformatics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California.
| | - Dorothee Nickles
- Oncology Bioinformatics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California.
| | - Sang-Min Jeon
- Translational Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Oded Foreman
- Pathology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Kuladeep Sudini
- Department of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Florian Gnad
- Oncology Bioinformatics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Stephane Lajoie
- Department of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Naina Gour
- Department of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wayne Mitzner
- Department of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Samit Chatterjee
- Department of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Eun-Ji Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Amy Rappaport
- Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Namrata Patil
- Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Mark McCleland
- Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Leisa Johnson
- Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - George Acquaah-Mensah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Edward Gabrielson
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Shyam Biswal
- Department of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
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Lu W, Cai H, Chen Y, Liao X, Zhang L, Ma T, Sun H, Qi Y. Ghrelin inhibited pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy by promoting autophagy via CaMKK/AMPK signaling pathway. Peptides 2021; 136:170446. [PMID: 33197510 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Ghrelin, a novel gut hormone, has been shown to exert protective effects on cardiac dysfunction and remodeling. However, the underlying mechanisms of its protective effects remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of ghrelin on cardiac hypertrophy and explored the mechanisms involved. Ghrelin (30 μg.kg-1. day-1) was systemically administered to rats with cardiac hypertrophy induced by abdominal aortic constriction (AAC) by a mini-osmotic pump the next day after surgery continuously for 4 weeks. The AAC treated rats without ghrelin infusion showed decreased ghrelin content and expression of its receptors in the hearts. Exogenous ghrelin greatly attenuated cardiac hypertrophy as shown by heart weight to tibial length (HW/TL), hemodynamics, echocardiography, histological analyses, and expression of hypertrophic markers induced by AAC. This corresponded with decreased cardiac fibrosis and inflammation in the hearts of AAC rats treated with ghrelin. Moreover, ghrelin significantly increased the myocardial expression of autophagy markers, which was further confirmed in cultured cardiomyocytes. Concurrently, cardiomyocyte apoptosis in vivo and in vitro was ameliorated by ghrelin, which was reversed by inhibition of autophagy. The enhancement of autophagy and inhibition of apoptosis by ghrelin were eliminated on pretreatment with compound C, an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor. Furthermore, inhibition of Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK), an upstream kinase of AMPK, made ghrelin fail to activate AMPK and simultaneously reversed ghrelin's promotion of autophagy. In conclusion, ghrelin could exert its cardioprotective effects on cardiac hypertrophy by promoting autophagy, possibly via CaMKK/AMPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Lu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Huaiqiu Cai
- Department of Cardiology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiang Liao
- Department of Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Linshuang Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tongtong Ma
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Yongfen Qi
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
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16
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Sitthideatphaiboon P, Galan-Cobo A, Negrao MV, Qu X, Poteete A, Zhang F, Liu DD, Lewis WE, Kemp HN, Lewis J, Rinsurongkawong W, Giri U, Lee JJ, Zhang J, Roth JA, Swisher S, Heymach JV. STK11/LKB1 Mutations in NSCLC Are Associated with KEAP1/NRF2-Dependent Radiotherapy Resistance Targetable by Glutaminase Inhibition. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 27:1720-1733. [PMID: 33323404 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-2859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy is a mainstay of treatment for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but no predictive markers are currently available to select patients who will benefit from these therapies. In this study, we investigated the association between alterations in STK11/LKB1, the second most common tumor suppressor in NSCLC, and response to radiotherapy as well as potential therapeutic approaches to improve outcomes. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We conducted a retrospective analysis of 194 patients with stage I-III NSCLC, including 164 stage III patients bearing mutant or wild-type STK11/LKB1 treated with radiotherapy, and assessed locoregional recurrence (LRR), distant metastasis rates, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS), and we investigated the causal role of LKB1 in mediating radiotherapy resistance using isogenic pairs of NSCLC cell lines with LKB1 loss or gain. RESULTS In stage III patients, with 4 years median follow-up, STK11/LKB1 mutations were associated with higher LRR (P = 0.0108), and shorter DFS (HR 2.530, P = 0.0029) and OS (HR 2.198, P = 0.0263). LKB1 loss promoted relative resistance to radiotherapy, which was dependent on the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway for redox homeostasis. Suppression of the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway via KEAP1 expression, or pharmacologic blockade of glutaminase (GLS) 1 sensitized LKB1-deficient tumors to radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS These data provide evidence that LKB1 loss is associated with LRR and poor clinical outcomes in patients with NSCLC treated with radiotherapy and that targeting the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway or GLS inhibition are potential approaches to radiosensitize LKB1-deficient tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyada Sitthideatphaiboon
- Departments of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University/King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ana Galan-Cobo
- Departments of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Marcelo V Negrao
- Departments of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Xiao Qu
- Departments of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Institute of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Alissa Poteete
- Departments of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Fahao Zhang
- Departments of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Diane D Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Whitney E Lewis
- Division of Pharmacy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Haley N Kemp
- Departments of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jeff Lewis
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Waree Rinsurongkawong
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Uma Giri
- Departments of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - J Jack Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Departments of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jack A Roth
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Stephen Swisher
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - John V Heymach
- Departments of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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17
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Wohlhieter CA, Richards AL, Uddin F, Hulton CH, Quintanal-Villalonga À, Martin A, de Stanchina E, Bhanot U, Asher M, Shah NS, Hayatt O, Buonocore DJ, Rekhtman N, Shen R, Arbour KC, Donoghue M, Poirier JT, Sen T, Rudin CM. Concurrent Mutations in STK11 and KEAP1 Promote Ferroptosis Protection and SCD1 Dependence in Lung Cancer. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108444. [PMID: 33264619 PMCID: PMC7722473 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Concurrent loss-of-function mutations in STK11 and KEAP1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are associated with aggressive tumor growth, resistance to available therapies, and early death. We investigated the effects of coordinate STK11 and KEAP1 loss by comparing co-mutant with single mutant and wild-type isogenic counterparts in multiple LUAD models. STK11/KEAP1 co-mutation results in significantly elevated expression of ferroptosis-protective genes, including SCD and AKR1C1/2/3, and resistance to pharmacologically induced ferroptosis. CRISPR screening further nominates SCD (SCD1) as selectively essential in STK11/KEAP1 co-mutant LUAD. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of SCD1 confirms the essentiality of this gene and augments the effects of ferroptosis induction by erastin and RSL3. Together these data identify SCD1 as a selective vulnerability and a promising candidate for targeted drug development in STK11/KEAP1 co-mutant LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrin A Wohlhieter
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Allison L Richards
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Fathema Uddin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Christopher H Hulton
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Axel Martin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Umeshkumar Bhanot
- Precision Pathology Biobanking Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Marina Asher
- Precision Pathology Biobanking Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nisargbhai S Shah
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Omar Hayatt
- Antitumor Assessment Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Darren J Buonocore
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Natasha Rekhtman
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ronglai Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kathryn C Arbour
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Mark Donoghue
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - John T Poirier
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Triparna Sen
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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18
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Izreig S, Gariepy A, Kaymak I, Bridges HR, Donayo AO, Bridon G, DeCamp LM, Kitchen-Goosen SM, Avizonis D, Sheldon RD, Laister RC, Minden MD, Johnson NA, Duchaine TF, Rudoltz MS, Yoo S, Pollak MN, Williams KS, Jones RG. Repression of LKB1 by miR-17∼92 Sensitizes MYC-Dependent Lymphoma to Biguanide Treatment. Cell Rep Med 2020; 1:100014. [PMID: 32478334 PMCID: PMC7249503 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells display metabolic plasticity to survive stresses in the tumor microenvironment. Cellular adaptation to energetic stress is coordinated in part by signaling through the liver kinase B1 (LKB1)-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. Here, we demonstrate that miRNA-mediated silencing of LKB1 confers sensitivity of lymphoma cells to mitochondrial inhibition by biguanides. Using both classic (phenformin) and newly developed (IM156) biguanides, we demonstrate that elevated miR-17∼92 expression in Myc+ lymphoma cells promotes increased apoptosis to biguanide treatment in vitro and in vivo. This effect is driven by the miR-17-dependent silencing of LKB1, which reduces AMPK activation in response to complex I inhibition. Mechanistically, biguanide treatment induces metabolic stress in Myc+ lymphoma cells by inhibiting TCA cycle metabolism and mitochondrial respiration, exposing metabolic vulnerability. Finally, we demonstrate a direct correlation between miR-17∼92 expression and biguanide sensitivity in human cancer cells. Our results identify miR-17∼92 expression as a potential biomarker for biguanide sensitivity in malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Izreig
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Alexandra Gariepy
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Irem Kaymak
- Metabolic and Nutritional Programming, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Hannah R. Bridges
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Ariel O. Donayo
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Gaëlle Bridon
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
- Metabolomics Core Facility, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Lisa M. DeCamp
- Metabolic and Nutritional Programming, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Susan M. Kitchen-Goosen
- Metabolic and Nutritional Programming, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Daina Avizonis
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
- Metabolomics Core Facility, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Ryan D. Sheldon
- Metabolic and Nutritional Programming, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Rob C. Laister
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Mark D. Minden
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Nathalie A. Johnson
- Lady Davis Institute of the Jewish General Hospital and Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Thomas F. Duchaine
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | | | - Sanghee Yoo
- ImmunoMet Therapeutics, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | - Michael N. Pollak
- Lady Davis Institute of the Jewish General Hospital and Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Kelsey S. Williams
- Metabolic and Nutritional Programming, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Russell G. Jones
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Metabolic and Nutritional Programming, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
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