1
|
Vest SC, Bradshaw BT, Voelker MA, Bruhn AM, Newcomb TL, Sikdar S. Allied Dental Students' Perceived Knowledge, Confidence, and Attitudes Regarding Disaster Victim Identification Topics. J Dent Hyg 2024; 98:30-38. [PMID: 38649288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Purpose Disaster victim identification (DVI) service requires knowledge, confidence, and an attitude (KCA) of readiness. The purpose of this study was to assess allied dental students' perceived KCA regarding DVI skills and topics.Methods A convenience sample of senior dental hygiene students (n=27) and senior dental assistant students (n=14) were recruited by email then presented mismatched simulated antemortem (AM) and postmortem (PM) bitewing radiographs and asked to indicate correct matches. Collectively, participants made 205 radiographic matches and indicated 205 degrees of certainty binarily as "positive" or "possible" (one per match). Participants also completed a researcher designed pretest/posttest electronic survey with seven 3-point Likert-scale items with answer options of "slightly", "moderately", or "extremely" regarding self-perceived knowledge. Statistical analyses were conducted with R software using an α=0.05 significance level.Results A total of n=41 students participated, yielding a response rate of 85.4%. A one-sided linear trend test revealed statistically significant increases of perceived confidence in knowledge from pretest to posttest regarding forensic odontologists' role in DVI (p<0.0001), DVI applications for mass fatality incidents (MFI) (p<0.0001), role of dental radiology in DVI (p<0.0001), and dental morphology applications for DVI (p<0.0001). Participants indicated moderate or extreme confidence in personal clinical skillsets to assist forensic odontologists with DVI. A one-sided Fisher's exact test revealed a statistically significant (p<0.05) positive association between expressed degree of certainty (confidence) and correct radiographic matches. A one-sided linear trend test revealed statistically significant (p<0.0001) improvements in attitude regarding participants' perceived importance for their respective professions to volunteer in DVI.Conclusion Participants of this study reported significant improvements of self-perceived KCA regarding DVI skills and topics. These characteristics may encourage allied dental professionals to pursue further DVI educational opportunities and future service when support is needed for MFI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha C Vest
- Gene W. Hirschfeld School of Dental Hygiene Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Brenda T Bradshaw
- Gene W. Hirschfeld School of Dental Hygiene Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Marsha A Voelker
- Metropolitan Community College Penn Valley Health Science Institute Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Ann M Bruhn
- Gene W. Hirschfeld School of Dental Hygiene Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Tara L Newcomb
- Gene W. Hirschfeld School of Dental Hygiene Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Sinjini Sikdar
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, US
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Collins K. The need for a whole-of-community, victim-centred approach to mass victimisation incident planning and response. J Bus Contin Emer Plan 2024; 17:336-350. [PMID: 38736159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
There have been a large number of masscasualty incidents in recent years, including climate change-related disasters, mass shootings, terrorist attacks, transportation accidents and a global pandemic. Communities, families and friends have suffered grief and loss, while nations continue to bear the scars of trauma. Disasters caused by acts with criminality, although necessarily managed by the police for the investigative aspect, must be planned for, and responded to with victim-centred practices by the police, local government and other relevant community stakeholders for the duration of the response and recovery. Inconsistency and confusion over terminology and language in emergency management can lead to a lack of understanding about which stakeholders or agencies should be engaged in, and responsible for different aspects of the planning, preparedness, mitigation and response to a community disaster - regardless of what type of disaster it is, and irrespective of the disaster being caused by a person or persons with ill-intent. This paper discusses how a wholeof- community and victim-centred approach to criminal act disaster response should be applied to support those persons most adversely affected by the incident. It also promotes the application of victim-centred practices to ensure that the needs of victims are regarded ethically, and with compassion following any disaster caused by an act of criminality. The term 'mass victimisation incident' will be introduced and applied through a case study.
Collapse
|
3
|
Rodríguez-Soto NC, Buxó CJ, Morou-Bermudez E, Pérez-Edgar K, Ocasio-Quiñones IT, Surillo-González MB, Martinez KG. The impact of prenatal maternal stress due to potentially traumatic events on child temperament: A systematic review. Dev Psychobiol 2021; 63:e22195. [PMID: 34674245 PMCID: PMC8549868 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to complete a systematic review of the relationship between prenatal maternal stress due to potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and child temperament. Eligible studies through June 2020 were identified utilizing a search strategy in PubMed and PsycInfo. Included studies examined associations between prenatal maternal stress due to PTE and child temperament. Two independent coders extracted study characteristics and three coders assessed study quality. Of the 1969 identified studies, 20 met full inclusion criteria. Studies were classified on two dimensions: (1) disaster-related stress and (2) intimate partner violence during pregnancy. For disaster-related prenatal maternal stress, 75% (nine out of 12) of published reports found associations with increased child negative affectivity, 50% (five out of 10) also noted associations with lower effortful control/regulation, and 38% (three out of eight) found associations with lower positive affectivity. When considering prenatal intimate partner violence stress, 80% (four out of five) of published reports found associations with higher child negative affectivity, 67% (four out of six) found associations with lower effortful control/regulation, and 33% (one out of three) found associations with lower positive affectivity. Prenatal maternal stress due to PTEs may impact the offspring's temperament, especially negative affectivity. Mitigating the effects of maternal stress in pregnancy is needed in order to prevent adverse outcomes on the infant's socioemotional development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nayra C. Rodríguez-Soto
- University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR
- Carlos Albizu University, San Juan, PR
| | - Carmen J. Buxó
- University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Labarda CE, Jopson QDQ, Hui VKY, Chan CS. Long-term displacement associated with health and stress among survivors of Typhoon Haiyan. Psychol Trauma 2020; 12:765-773. [PMID: 32212778 DOI: 10.1037/tra0000573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Displacement from one's home after a natural disaster results not only in physical separation from significant others but also in profound disruptions of psychological and social resources such as community support and sense of belonging. Frequent displacement can exacerbate health and mental health problems brought by the disaster, especially among lower-income families in resource-scarce regions. OBJECTIVE The present study examined the association among frequency of displacement after the disaster, health status, and psychological adjustments among survivors four years after the 2013 Super Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines. METHOD The study surveyed 345 typhoon survivors using randomized cluster samples in 13 towns in Eastern Philippines and assessed their physical and mental health status. RESULT Path analysis revealed that, after controlling for age, gender, and traumatic exposure severity, frequency of displacement was a significant predictor for subjective health ratings and stress but not for posttraumatic stress symptoms, depression, and anxiety. CONCLUSION These findings underscore the detrimental impact of long-term displacement on health outcomes following a disaster, especially in countries where public health resources are largely unavailable. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Collapse
|
5
|
Laksmita OD, Chung MH, Liao YM, Chang PC. Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support in Indonesian adolescent disaster survivors: A psychometric evaluation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229958. [PMID: 32168332 PMCID: PMC7069614 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social support plays an important role in adolescents' mental health and well-being, and even more so for disaster survivors. To measure the level of social support, one needs an appropriate tool to produce valid and reliable results; therefore, we aimed to measure the invariance across gender groups, and analyze the construct validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), a social support measurement tool which was theoretically constructed and has been well validated in many countries with various cultures and backgrounds. METHODS A school-based assessment was conducted in junior and senior high schools in a post-disaster setting in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. We analyzed 299 adolescent survivors of a volcanic eruption, aged 12~18 years who completed a 12-item Indonesian version of the MSPSS. RESULTS The factorial validity confirmed the three-factor structure of the scale (Family, Friends, and Significant Others) which met all of the criteria of parameter indices and provided evidence of high internal consistency reliability. The three-level measurement of invariance, which consisted of configural, metric, and scalar invariance, also performed very well across gender groups with our data and corresponded to the recommended parameters. Our composite reliability values were all fine (>0.7) and indicated that the items in the same construct were strongly correlated and reliable. CONCLUSIONS The Indonesian version of the MSPSS was shown to be a valid, reliable, theoretically constructed, and applicable instrument for adolescent disaster survivors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Okki Dhona Laksmita
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Huey Chung
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Mei Liao
- Institute of Clinical Nursing, College of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Chen Chang
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Puente S, Marín H, Álvarez PP, Flores PM, Grassau D. Mental health and media links based on five essential elements to promote psychosocial support for victims: the case of the earthquake in Chile in 2010. Disasters 2019; 43:555-574. [PMID: 31206228 DOI: 10.1111/disa.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews the role of news with respect to the mental health of a population exposed to a disaster. It is based on the five essential elements of psychosocial care presented by Stevan E. Hobfoll et al. (2007) that can be introduced after a potentially traumatic event: promoting a sense of safety, calming, self and collective efficacy, connectedness, and hope. This study developed a method to relate these elements to television coverage and applied it to the stories (n=1,169) aired by the main networks in Chile in the 72 hours after an 8.8 magnitude earthquake struck on 27 February 2010. Of the five elements, promoting a sense of safety occurred most often (82.72 per cent), whereas the others were barely present (less than 10 per cent). The study argues that these elements can increase the possibility of framing the news, given that the audience watching can also be affected by a disaster.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soledad Puente
- Full Professor in the Faculty of Communications, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
| | - Humberto Marín
- Member of the Trauma and Dissociation Unit in the Department of Psychiatry, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, and an Associated Researcher at the Research Center for Integrated Disaster Risk Management (CIGIDEN), Chile
| | - Pamela P Álvarez
- Assistant Professor at the Department of Engineering Science, Universidad Andres Bello, and a Researcher at CIGIDEN, Chile
| | - Pablo M Flores
- PhD student in the Department of Communication, University of California, Davis, United States
| | - Daniela Grassau
- PhD student and an Assistant Professor in the Faculty of Communications, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Okura K, Fukuda K, Okada K, Komiya S, Tsurugi Y, Ueno R, Ogata T, Sato A. [Activities to support victims of the Kumamoto earthquakes by the Mifune Public Health Center in the Kumamoto prefecture: Infection control, prevention of food poisoning, and management of nutrition and daily meals]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2019; 66:190-200. [PMID: 31061275 DOI: 10.11236/jph.66.4_190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
|
8
|
Nian S, Zhang J, Zhang H, Zhang J, Li D, Wu K, Chen X, Yang L. Two Sides of a Coin: A Crisis Response Perspective on Tourist Community Participation in a Post-Disaster Environment. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:E2073. [PMID: 31212766 PMCID: PMC6617544 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16122073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the attitudes and behavioural intentions of community crisis response and tourism community participation in tourist destinations after the occurrence of a disaster. Further, we built a conceptual model of perceived community participation benefit, community attachment, community resilience, and crisis response and community participation intention and measured it using 556 samples surveyed after the Wenchuan earthquake, China. The results indicated that benefit perception, community attachment, and community resilience have a positive effect on crisis response and community participation. The study further reveals that the local tourism community gradually transforms the negative aspects of terrible disasters into development opportunities. Our case study particularly focuses on the initiative shown by and positive participation of the tourist community in the aforementioned transformation. The study proposes the Attachment, Benefit, and Capability framework of tourist community participation based on the crisis response perspective and expands the boundaries of tourist community participation research. The study has theoretical and practical significance, puts forward relevant countermeasures, and has significant implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sifeng Nian
- School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Honglei Zhang
- School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jinhe Zhang
- School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Donghe Li
- School of Business, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Ke Wu
- School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xue Chen
- School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Lingling Yang
- School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li G, Zhang K, Wang L, Cao C, Fang R, Liu P, Luo S, Liberzon I. The preliminary investigation of orexigenic hormone gene polymorphisms on posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 100:131-136. [PMID: 30326460 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Orexigenic hormones are a group of hormones that can up-regulate appetite. Current studies have shown that orexigenic hormones also play important roles in stress responses and may be implicated in regulation of fear memory. However, these conclusions lack evidence from human studies. In this study, we examined associations between orexigenic hormone genes and fear-related mental disorders by investigating main, G × E, and G × G effects of ghrelin and orexin gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on human posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in 1134 Chinese earthquake survivors. SNPs Leu72Met of the GHRL gene (rs696217), Ile408Val of the HCRTR1 gene (rs2271933) and Val308Ile of the HCRTR2 gene (rs2653349) were genotyped. None of the SNPs showed significant main or G × E effects. However, a significant interaction effect between GHRL rs696217 and HCRTR1 rs2271933 was found to predict the PTSD Checklist (PCL-5) total score (P = 0.007). Further analysis revealed different interaction patterns in males and females. For females, the rs2271933 G allele was associated with an increased PCL-5 total score (B = 2.59, P = 0.024) when the rs696217 genotype TT/TG was present. For males, the rs696217 T allele is associated with an increased PCL-5 total score (B = 3.62, P = 0.040) when the rs2271933 genotype GG/GA was present. These current findings expand our knowledge of physiological function of the orexigenic hormone system, and suggest its involvement in development of fear-related mental disorders such as PTSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gen Li
- Laboratory for Traumatic Stress studies and Center for Genetics and BioMedical Informatics Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kunlin Zhang
- Laboratory for Traumatic Stress studies and Center for Genetics and BioMedical Informatics Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Li Wang
- Laboratory for Traumatic Stress studies and Center for Genetics and BioMedical Informatics Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Chengqi Cao
- Laboratory for Traumatic Stress studies and Center for Genetics and BioMedical Informatics Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Cognitive Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ruojiao Fang
- Laboratory for Traumatic Stress studies and Center for Genetics and BioMedical Informatics Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Liu
- People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Shu Luo
- People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Israel Liberzon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan and Mental Health Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yoo S, Sim M, Choi J, Jeon K, Shin J, Chung S, Hong SB, Lee SY, Hong SJ. Psychological Responses among Humidifier Disinfectant Disaster Victims and Their Families. J Korean Med Sci 2019; 34:e29. [PMID: 30686951 PMCID: PMC6345639 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To substantiate psychological symptoms following humidifier disinfectant (HD) disasters, counseling records of 26 victims and 92 family members of victims (45 were bereaved) were analyzed retrospectively. Among the victims, 34.6% had Clinical Global Impression-Severity scores of over 4, which meant they were moderately ill. While anxiety/fear and depression with respiratory symptoms were frequently observed in victims and family members, chronic psychological distress such as alcohol/smoking abuse and insomnia was relatively high in bereaved family members. In conclusion, it is important to provide mental health support for victims and their families, focusing on the characteristic symptoms of each group as well as monetary compensation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seonyoung Yoo
- National Center for Trauma, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minyoung Sim
- National Center for Trauma, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Stress and Anxiety Disorder, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungwon Choi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoungsun Jeon
- Department of Stress and Anxiety Disorder, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungha Shin
- Department of Stress and Anxiety Disorder, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seockhoon Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Bum Hong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - So-Yeon Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Jong Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Meekma-van der Horst M. [Is there such a thing as post-flood syndrome?]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2018; 162:D3011. [PMID: 30500125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In 1953, the South-Western parts of The Netherlands (particularly the province of Zeeland) were flooded. At the time, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) did not yet exist as a formal diagnosis. Research following more recent natural disasters has identified risk factors for the development of PTSD. These risk factors are applied as guidance for research into the circumstances around the 1953 floods. Risk factors such as lower socioeconomic status, pre-existence of psychiatric symptoms and limited support from the government were certainly present. Furthermore, some affected people were evacuated for an extended period of time, thereby abruptly extracting them from their established social networks. During oral history initiatives, many participants report reliving the experience and having nightmares. It is probable that a number of people affected by the 1953 floods developed symptoms of an illness that nowadays would have been diagnosed as PTSD.
Collapse
|
12
|
Nakano M, Hibiya T. Victims of Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident in long-lasting disillusionment phase. J Community Psychol 2018; 46:651-668. [PMID: 31682295 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.21964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the existence of the long-lasting disillusionment phase for the victims after the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant following the Great East Japan Earthquake in March 2011. Through analyzing the mental situation of the victims, the situations were categorized into 2 groups for forced evacuees: "in the disillusionment phase" and "in the reconstruction phase," Other 2 groups are for host Iwaki residents: "with negative feelings against evacuees" and "leading their life constructively." The negative feeling enhances the vicious psychological cycle for the evacuees in the long-lasting disillusionment phase and repeating emotion of survivor's guilt in the reconstruction phase. We propose that people who were getting back to a normal life while leading their life constructively should raise their voices in favor of living together with evacuees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mari Nakano
- Keio University, SDM Research Institute Taketoshi Hibiya
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mann CL, Gillezeau CN, Massazza A, Lyons DJ, Tanaka K, Yonekura K, Sekine H, Yanagisawa R, Katz CL. Fukushima Triple Disaster and the Road to Recovery: a Qualitative Exploration of Resilience in Internally Displaced Residents. Psychiatr Q 2018; 89:383-397. [PMID: 29079958 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-017-9542-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Six years after the March 2011 Triple Disaster, over 35,000 Japanese individuals remain in temporary housing. Evacuated residents, many of who are elderly, face mental health challenges. This study evaluates the well being of individuals living in temporary housing within Fukushima. Reactions to relocation were explored using Photovoice, a community-based participatory research method, in which a set of research questions are examined qualitatively through photographs and interviews. Seven participants (average age = 69.7) were provided cameras to answer a set of self-generated questions, a process that was repeated three times. An initial analysis found resilience among participants, which was explored using a theoretical framework of resiliency. Residents discussed how relocation has disrupted their lives and coping strategies they employ to ameliorate stressors. They were often optimistic and future-oriented, stating that they wanted to "live strong" after the disaster. These resilient mindsets were personified in action: all engaged in hobbies, critical for their emotional well being. Participants also emphasized the importance of community and familial support. The evidence of resilience in participants is encouraging, suggesting that these vulnerable elderly internally displaced residents are recovering from the disruption of relocation. These themes should be explored in larger temporary housing communities. Considering the number of relocated individuals today, understanding how to foster resilience could be used to inform the development of future temporary housing shelters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Mann
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | | | - Alessandro Massazza
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health, Psychology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel J Lyons
- Department of Global Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Robert Yanagisawa
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Craig L Katz
- Department of Medical Education and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Links JM, Schwartz BS, Lin S, Kanarek N, Mitrani-Reiser J, Sell TK, Boddie CR, Ward D, Slemp C, Burhans R, Gill K, Igusa T, Zhao X, Aguirre B, Trainor J, Nigg J, Ingelsby T, Carbone E, Kendra JM. COPEWELL: A Conceptual Framework and System Dynamics Model for Predicting Community Functioning and Resilience After Disasters. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2018; 12:127-137. [PMID: 28633681 PMCID: PMC8743042 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2017.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Policy-makers and practitioners have a need to assess community resilience in disasters. Prior efforts conflated resilience with community functioning, combined resistance and recovery (the components of resilience), and relied on a static model for what is inherently a dynamic process. We sought to develop linked conceptual and computational models of community functioning and resilience after a disaster. METHODS We developed a system dynamics computational model that predicts community functioning after a disaster. The computational model outputted the time course of community functioning before, during, and after a disaster, which was used to calculate resistance, recovery, and resilience for all US counties. RESULTS The conceptual model explicitly separated resilience from community functioning and identified all key components for each, which were translated into a system dynamics computational model with connections and feedbacks. The components were represented by publicly available measures at the county level. Baseline community functioning, resistance, recovery, and resilience evidenced a range of values and geographic clustering, consistent with hypotheses based on the disaster literature. CONCLUSIONS The work is transparent, motivates ongoing refinements, and identifies areas for improved measurements. After validation, such a model can be used to identify effective investments to enhance community resilience. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:127-137).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M. Links
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Center for Public Health Preparedness, Johns Hopkins University
| | - Brian S. Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sen Lin
- Department of Civil Engineering, Johns Hopkins Whiting School of Engineering
| | - Norma Kanarek
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Tara Kirk Sell
- UPMC Center for Health Security, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Crystal R. Boddie
- UPMC Center for Health Security, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Doug Ward
- Division of Public Safety Leadership, Johns Hopkins School of Education
| | | | | | - Kimberly Gill
- Disaster Research Center, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Tak Igusa
- Department of Civil Engineering, Johns Hopkins Whiting School of Engineering
| | - Xilei Zhao
- Department of Civil Engineering, Johns Hopkins Whiting School of Engineering
| | - Benigno Aguirre
- Disaster Research Center, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Joseph Trainor
- Disaster Research Center, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Joanne Nigg
- Disaster Research Center, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Thomas Ingelsby
- UPMC Center for Health Security, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Eric Carbone
- Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - James M. Kendra
- Disaster Research Center, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chiumento A, Rahman A, Frith L, Snider L, Tol WA. Ethical standards for mental health and psychosocial support research in emergencies: review of literature and current debates. Global Health 2017; 13:8. [PMID: 28178981 PMCID: PMC5299703 DOI: 10.1186/s12992-017-0231-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research in emergencies is needed to understand the prevalence of mental health and psychosocial problems and strengthen the evidence base for interventions. All research - including operational needs assessments, programme monitoring and evaluation, and formal academic research - must be conducted ethically. While there is broad consensus on fundamental principles codified in research ethics guidelines, these do not address the ethical specificities of conducting mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) research with adults in emergencies. To address this gap, this paper presents a review of multidisciplinary literature to identify specific ethical principles applicable to MHPSS research in emergencies. DISCUSSION Fifty-nine sources meeting the literature review inclusion criteria were analysed following a thematic synthesis approach. There was consensus on the relevance of universal ethical research principles to MHPSS research in emergencies, including norms of participant informed consent and protection; ensuring benefit arises from research participation; researcher neutrality, accountability, and safety; and the duty to ensure research is well designed and accounts for contextual factors in emergency settings. We go onto discuss unresolved issues by highlighting six current debates relating to the application of ethics in emergency settings: (1) what constitutes fair benefits?; (2) how should informed consent be operationalised?; (3) is there a role for decision making capacity assessments?; (4) how do risk management approaches impact upon the construction of ethical research?; (5) how can ethical reflection best be achieved?, and (6) are ethical review boards sufficiently representative and equipped to judge the ethical and scientific merit of emergency MHPSS research? Underlying these debates is a systemic tension between procedural ethics and ethics in practice. In summary, underpinning the literature is a desire to ensure the protection of participants exposed to emergencies and in need of evidence-based MHPSS. However, there is a lack of agreement on how to contextualise guidelines and procedures to effectively maximise the perspectives of researchers, participants and ethical review boards. This is a tension that the field must address to strengthen ethical MHPSS research in emergencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chiumento
- University of Liverpool, Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, 2nd Floor, Block B, Waterhouse Building, 1-5 Brownlow Street, Liverpool, L69 3GL UK
| | - Atif Rahman
- University of Liverpool, Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, 2nd Floor, Block B, Waterhouse Building, 1-5 Brownlow Street, Liverpool, L69 3GL UK
| | - Lucy Frith
- University of Liverpool, Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, 2nd Floor, Block B, Waterhouse Building, 1-5 Brownlow Street, Liverpool, L69 3GL UK
| | - Leslie Snider
- Independent Consultant, Peace in Practice, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wietse A. Tol
- Johns Hopkins University, School of Public Health and The Peter C. Alderman Foundation, Baltimore, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Scannell L, Cox RS, Fletcher S, Heykoop C. "That was the Last Time I Saw my House": The Importance of Place Attachment among Children and Youth in Disaster Contexts. Am J Community Psychol 2016; 58:158-73. [PMID: 27460461 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Place attachment is important for children and youth's disaster preparedness, experiences, recovery, and resilience, but most of the literature on place and disasters has focused on adults. Drawing on the community disaster risk reduction, recovery, and resilience literature as well as the literature on normative place attachment, children and youth's place-relevant disaster experiences are examined. Prior to a disaster, place attachments are postulated to enhance children and youth's disaster preparedness contributions and reinforce their pre-disaster resilience. During a disaster, damage of, and displacement from, places of importance can create significant emotional distress among children and youth. Following a disaster, pre-existing as well as new place ties can aid in their recovery and bolster their resilience moving forward. This framework enriches current theories of disaster recovery, resilience, and place attachment, and sets an agenda for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Scannell
- ResilienceByDesign Lab, Disaster and Emergency Management, School of Humanitarian Studies, Royal Roads University, Victoria, BC, Canada.
| | - Robin S Cox
- ResilienceByDesign Lab, Disaster and Emergency Management, School of Humanitarian Studies, Royal Roads University, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Sarah Fletcher
- ResilienceByDesign Lab, Disaster and Emergency Management, School of Humanitarian Studies, Royal Roads University, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Cheryl Heykoop
- ResilienceByDesign Lab, Disaster and Emergency Management, School of Humanitarian Studies, Royal Roads University, Victoria, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fukunaga H, Sato M. Unsung Heroes Throughout the 2011 Fukushima Catastrophe. Fam Med 2016; 48:482-483. [PMID: 27272427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
|
18
|
Malavera A, Silva FA, Fregni F, Carrillo S, Garcia RG. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Phantom Limb Pain in Land Mine Victims: A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial. J Pain 2016; 17:911-8. [PMID: 27260638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We evaluated the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of phantom limb pain (PLP) in land mine victims. Fifty-four patients with PLP were enrolled in a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel group single-center trial. The intervention consisted of real or sham rTMS of M1 contralateral to the amputated leg. rTMS was given in series of 20 trains of 6-second duration (54-second intertrain, intensity 90% of motor threshold) at a stimulation rate of 10 Hz (1,200 pulses), 20 minutes per day, during 10 days. For the control group, a sham coil was used. The administration of active rTMS induced a significantly greater reduction in pain intensity (visual analogue scale scores) 15 days after treatment compared with sham stimulation (-53.38 ± 53.12% vs -22.93 ± 57.16%; mean between-group difference = 30.44%, 95% confidence interval, .30-60.58; P = .03). This effect was not significant 30 days after treatment. In addition, 19 subjects (70.3%) attained a clinically significant pain reduction (>30%) in the active group compared with 11 in the sham group (40.7%) 15 days after treatment (P = .03). The administration of 10 Hz rTMS on the contralateral primary motor cortex for 2 weeks in traumatic amputees with PLP induced significant clinical improvement in pain. PERSPECTIVE High-frequency rTMS on the contralateral primary motor cortex of traumatic amputees induced a clinically significant pain reduction up to 15 days after treatment without any major secondary effect. These results indicate that rTMS is a safe and effective therapy in patients with PLP caused by land mine explosions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Malavera
- Neurovascular Science Group, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Floridablanca, Colombia; Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Federico Arturo Silva
- Neurovascular Science Group, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - Felipe Fregni
- Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sandra Carrillo
- Neurovascular Science Group, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - Ronald G Garcia
- Neurovascular Science Group, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Floridablanca, Colombia; MASIRA Research Institute, School of Medicine, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia; Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu Y, Li B, Feng N, Pu H, Zhang X, Lu H, Yin H. Perfusion Deficits and Functional Connectivity Alterations in Memory-Related Regions of Patients with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156016. [PMID: 27213610 PMCID: PMC4877105 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the potential alterations in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and functional connectivity of recent onset post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) induced by a single prolonged trauma exposure, we recruited 20 survivors experiencing the same coal mining flood disaster as the PTSD (n = 10) and non-PTSD (n = 10) group, respectively. The pulsed arterial spin labeling (ASL) images were acquired with a 3.0T MRI scanner and the partial volume (PV) effect in the images was corrected for better CBF estimation. Alterations in CBF were analyzed using both uncorrected and PV-corrected CBF maps. By using altered CBF regions as regions-of-interest, seed-based functional connectivity analysis was then performed. While only one CBF deficit in right corpus callosum of PTSD patients was detected using uncorrected CBF, three more regions (bilateral frontal lobes and right superior frontal gyrus) were identified using PV-corrected CBF. Furthermore, the regional CBF of right superior frontal gyrus exhibited significantly negative correlation with the symptom severity (r = -0.759, p = 0.018). The resting-state functional connectivity analysis revealed increased connectivity between left frontal lobe and right parietal lobe. The results indicated the symptom-specific perfusion deficits and an aberrant connectivity in memory-related regions of PTSD patients when using PV-corrected ASL data. It also suggested that PV-corrected CBF exhibits more subtle changes that may be beneficial to perfusion and connectivity analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baojuan Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na Feng
- Department of Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huangsheng Pu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongbing Lu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Yin
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Tsuboya T, Aida J, Hikichi H, Subramanian SV, Kondo K, Osaka K, Kawachi I. Predictors of depressive symptoms following the Great East Japan earthquake: A prospective study. Soc Sci Med 2016; 161:47-54. [PMID: 27239707 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We sought to investigate prospectively the association between exposure to disaster (the 2011 East Japan Earthquake) and change in depressive symptoms among community-dwelling older adult survivors. We used two waves of data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES), an ongoing population-based, prospective cohort study in Japan. A unique feature of our study was the availability of information about mental health status pre-dating the disaster. Our sample comprised community-dwelling survivors aged 65 and older, who responded to surveys in 2010 (i.e. one year before the disaster) and in 2013 (n = 3464). We categorized disaster exposure according to three types of experiences: loss of family/friends, property damage, and disruption in access to medical service. Our main outcome was change in depressive symptoms, measured by the 15-item geriatric depression scale (GDS). Among the participants, 917 (26.5%) reported losing a family member to the disaster, while a further 537 (15.5%) reported losing a friend. More than half of the participants reported some damage to their homes. After adjusting for demographics and baseline mental health, people whose homes were completely destroyed had significantly elevated depressive symptom scores three years later (+1.22 points, 95%CI: 0.80, 1.64, p < 0.0001). Disruption of psychiatric care was also associated with change in GDS scores (+2.51 points, 95%CI: 1.28, 3.74, p < 0.0001). By contrast, loss of family/friends was no longer associated with GDS after 3 years; +0.18 points (95%CI: -0.018, 0.37, p = 0.08) for loss of family, and -0.045 points (95%CI: -0.28, 0.19, p = 0.71) for loss of friends. Three years after the disaster, survivors of the 2011 earthquake and tsunami appeared to have recovered from loss of loved ones. By contrast, property loss and disruption of psychiatry care were associated with persistent adverse impact on mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Tsuboya
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Boston, USA; Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of International and Community Oral Health, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Jun Aida
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of International and Community Oral Health, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hikichi
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Boston, USA
| | - S V Subramanian
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Boston, USA
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Chiba University, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ken Osaka
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of International and Community Oral Health, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Boston, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Takahashi S, Nakamura M, Yonekura Y, Tanno K, Sakata K, Ogawa A, Kobayashi S. Association between relocation and changes in cardiometabolic risk factors: a longitudinal study in tsunami survivors of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e011291. [PMID: 27173815 PMCID: PMC4874105 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to determine changes in atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk factors with and without serious disaster-related mental and socioeconomic problems represented by relocation (REL). DESIGN A longitudinal survey. SETTING Multiphasic health check-ups for the general population affected by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. PARTICIPANTS A total 6528 disaster survivors in heavily tsunami-damaged municipalities were recruited. Two sequential surveys were conducted and the data were analysed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Multiphasic health check-ups including investigation of lifestyle and psychological and socioeconomic measures were performed in two sequential phases (8 and 18 months) after the disaster for tsunami survivors with REL (n=3160) and without REL (n=3368). Longitudinal changes in cardiometabolic risk factors between the two phases were compared in the REL and non-REL groups. RESULTS In sex/age-adjusted analysis, we found increases in body weight and waist circumference between the two phases that were significantly greater in the REL group than in the non-REL group (body weight:+0.31 (0.23∼0.39) versus -0.24 (-0.32∼-0.16) kg, p<0.001; waist circumference:+0.58 (0.48∼0.68) versus+0.05 (-0.05∼0.15) cm, p<0.001)). A decrease in serum HDLC levels was found and again was significantly greater in the REL group than in the non-REL group (-0.65 (-0.96∼-0.34) versus -0.09 (-0.39∼0.21) mg/dL, p=0.009). In addition, deterioration in physical activity, mental health and socioeconomic status was more prevalent in the REL group than in the non-REL group (all p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that relocation after the devastating tsunami was related to weight gain and decreasing HDLC among survivors, and this change was associated with prolonged psychological distress and socioeconomic problems after the disaster.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuko Takahashi
- Department of International Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate Medical University, School of Medicine, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Nakamura
- Division of Cardioangiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, School of Medicine, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Yuki Yonekura
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate Medical University, School of Medicine, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, Japan
| | - Kozo Tanno
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate Medical University, School of Medicine, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Sakata
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate Medical University, School of Medicine, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, Japan
| | - Akira Ogawa
- Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Kobayashi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Iwate Medical University, School of Medicine, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Eisenman D, McCaffrey S, Donatello I, Marshal G. An Ecosystems and Vulnerable Populations Perspective on Solastalgia and Psychological Distress After a Wildfire. Ecohealth 2015; 12:602-10. [PMID: 26302957 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-015-1052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We studied the relationship between psychological distress and relative resource and risk predictors, including loss of solace from the landscape (solastalgia), one year after the Wallow Fire, in Arizona, United States. Solastalgia refers to the distress caused by damage to the surrounding natural environment and it has not been examined for its relationship to psychological health. Doing so opens avenues of research that inquire into how land management might be able to support improved community resilience and psychological health outcomes after a wildfire. In 2012, we conducted a household survey mailed to all 1387 households in the five communities surrounding the fire. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale assessed psychological distress. In the multivariate analysis, higher solastalgia score and an adverse financial impact of the fire were associated with clinically significant psychological distress. Annual household income ≥ $80,000 and a higher family functioning score were associated with less psychological distress. Part-time residents were no more likely to have psychological distress than full-time residents. We conclude that dramatic transformation of a landscape by an environmental event such as a wildfire can reduce its value as a source of solace. These results call for novel post-wildfire community recovery interventions that wed forest management and community psychology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Eisenman
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 911 Broxton Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
- Center for Public Health and Disasters, UCLA-Fielding School of Public Health, Room 21-275A, 650 Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA.
| | - Sarah McCaffrey
- United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 1033 University Place, #360, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA.
| | - Ian Donatello
- Center for Public Health and Disasters, UCLA-Fielding School of Public Health, Room 21-275A, 650 Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA.
| | - Grant Marshal
- RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA, 90407-2138, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ruggiero KJ, Price M, Adams Z, Stauffacher K, McCauley J, Danielson CK, Knapp R, Hanson RF, Davidson TM, Amstadter AB, Carpenter MJ, Saunders BE, Kilpatrick DG, Resnick HS. Web Intervention for Adolescents Affected by Disaster: Population-Based Randomized Controlled Trial. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2015; 54:709-17. [PMID: 26299292 PMCID: PMC4548271 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of Bounce Back Now (BBN), a modular, Web-based intervention for disaster-affected adolescents and their parents. METHOD A population-based randomized controlled trial used address-based sampling to enroll 2,000 adolescents and parents from communities affected by tornadoes in Joplin, MO, and several areas in Alabama. Data collection via baseline and follow-up semi-structured telephone interviews was completed between September 2011 and August 2013. All families were invited to access the BBN study Web portal irrespective of mental health status at baseline. Families who accessed the Web portal were assigned randomly to 1 of 3 groups: BBN, which featured modules for adolescents and parents targeting adolescents' mental health symptoms; BBN plus additional modules targeting parents' mental health symptoms; or assessment only. The primary outcomes were adolescent symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. RESULTS Nearly 50% of families accessed the Web portal. Intent-to-treat analyses revealed time × condition interactions for PTSD symptoms (B = -0.24, SE = 0.08, p < .01) and depressive symptoms (B = -0.23, SE = 0.09, p < .01). Post hoc comparisons revealed fewer PTSD and depressive symptoms for adolescents in the experimental versus control conditions at 12-month follow-up (PTSD: B = -0.36, SE = 0.19, p = .06; depressive symptoms: B = -0.42, SE = 0.19, p = 0.03). A time × condition interaction also was found that favored the BBN versus BBN + parent self-help condition for PTSD symptoms (B = 0.30, SE = 0.12, p = .02) but not depressive symptoms (B = 0.12, SE = 0.12, p = .33). CONCLUSION Results supported the feasibility and initial efficacy of BBN as a scalable disaster mental health intervention for adolescents. Technology-based solutions have tremendous potential value if found to reduce the mental health burden of disasters. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION Web-based Intervention for Disaster-Affected Youth and Families; http://clinicaltrials.gov; NCT01606514.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth J Ruggiero
- Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) and the Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tatiana M Davidson
- Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) and the Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Eifling K, Moy P. Evidence-based EMS: Psychological First Aid During Disaster Response. What's the best we can do for those who are suffering mentally? EMS World 2015; 44:32-34. [PMID: 26281453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
|
25
|
Porcu R. [Epidemiological study on the health status of residents in Manfredonia (Italy). The beginning of the study told by the citizens]. Epidemiol Prev 2015; 39:83-84. [PMID: 26036734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In Manfredonia (Southern Italy) an epidemiological study on the health status of the residents, based on a new perspective of a research shared by researchers and citizens, has been launched. The design of the study considered the previous history of Manfredonia, whose management of environmental issues produced distrust and suspicion towards institutions; these feelings are still alive in the civil society. In this article the beginning of the study is framed by means of a double narration: from the point of view of the researchers and of the citizens. After two public meetings, a citizen coordination group, a website and a public relation office have been created. During the next meetings, researchers and population will set the objectives of the survey, and the public health implications of different possible scenarios will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Porcu
- Gruppo di coordinamento locale del Progetto Salute Manfredonia.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Felix E, Afifi T, Kia-Keating M, Brown L, Afifi W, Reyes G. Family functioning and posttraumatic growth among parents and youth following wildfire disasters. Am J Orthopsychiatry 2015; 85:191-200. [PMID: 25822609 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A conceptual model was used to investigate how demographic characteristics, perceived fire stress, aspects of the recovery environment (life stressors since the disaster, social support), mental health, and coping influences parent and youth reports of family functioning and posttraumatic growth (PTG) following multiple wildfires. Participants included 50 parent-youth dyads (M = 14.5 years) who had been evacuated because of the fire, many of whom had homes that were damaged (60%) or destroyed (30%). For youth, younger age, being female, greater fire stress, more life stressors, and those using more positive reappraisal coping reported greater PTG. For parents, family type and perceived fire stress were positively related to PTG, and positive reappraisal approached significance. For family functioning, only the youth model was significant. Younger age and more life stressors were negatively related, and positive reappraisal coping was positively related, to family functioning. Overall, the results support the important role of positive reappraisal in postdisaster outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Felix
- Department of Counseling, Clinical, and School Psychology, Gevirtz Graduate School of Education, University of California Santa Barbara
| | - Tamara Afifi
- Department of Communication Studies, University of Iowa
| | - Maryam Kia-Keating
- Department of Counseling, Clinical, and School Psychology, Gevirtz Graduate School of Education, University of California Santa Barbara
| | - Laurel Brown
- Department of Counseling, Clinical, and School Psychology, Gevirtz Graduate School of Education, University of California Santa Barbara
| | - Walid Afifi
- Department of Communication Studies, University of Iowa
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
|
28
|
Matsubara C, Murakami H, Imai K, Mizoue T, Akashi H, Miyoshi C, Nakasa T. Prevalence and risk factors for depressive reaction among resident survivors after the tsunami following the Great East Japan Earthquake, March 11, 2011. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109240. [PMID: 25279563 PMCID: PMC4184878 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The Great East Japan Earthquake caused a gigantic tsunami which devastated coastal areas of northern Japan on 11 March 2011. Despite the large number of ‘resident survivors’ who continued to reside in their damaged houses on the second or upper floors, research on the mental health of these individuals has been limited. This study explored the prevalence of depressive reaction and risk factors for depressive reaction among these resident survivors. Methods A cross-sectional household health support needs screening was conducted for resident survivors in Higashi-Matsushima city, Miyagi prefecture, two to four months after the tsunami. The health interview that was conducted including mental status, assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2). Results Of 5,454 respondents, 8.1% had depressive reaction. After adjustment by the number of weeks from the tsunami and the mortality rate at each respondent's place of residence, depressive reaction was significantly associated with house flooding below or above the ground floor (odds ratios of 1.92, 2.36, respectively), the unavailability of gas supply (odds ratio, 1.67), being female (odds ratio, 1.47), middle aged or elderly (odds ratios of 2.41, 2.42, respectively), regular intake of psychotropic medicine(s) since before the tsunami (odds ratio, 2.53) and the presence of one to five or more than six cohabiters (odds ratios of 0.61, 0.52, respectively). Conclusions The results suggest a considerable psychological burden (depressive reaction) following the tsunami among resident survivors. Special supports for families with psychiatric problems need to be considered among resident survivors. Restoration of lifeline utilities and the strengthening of social ties of persons living alone may help prevent depressive reaction among resident survivors after a tsunami.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chieko Matsubara
- Bureau of International Medical Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hitoshi Murakami
- Bureau of International Medical Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koubun Imai
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizoue
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidechika Akashi
- Bureau of International Medical Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chiaki Miyoshi
- Bureau of International Medical Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Nakasa
- Bureau of International Medical Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
O'Connor T. Riding the Christchurch rollercoaster. Nurs N Z 2014; 20:30. [PMID: 25614918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
|
30
|
Griffith R. The Hillsborough disaster: how it has changed UK healthcare law. Part 1. Br J Nurs 2014; 23:536-537. [PMID: 24851920 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2014.23.10.536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The 25th anniversary of the Hillsborough Stadium disaster was commemorated this year with memorial services and a toll of bells to remember the 96 who died that day. Their legacy is largely seen in safe, modern, all-seat stadia but it endures beyond football. Court cases resulting from the aftermath of the tragedy have helped shape healthcare law in the UK and in a short series of articles Richard Griffith highlights the impact the Hillsborough disaster has had, beginning with the development of the law in relation to psychiatric injury arising from another's negligent act.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Griffith
- Senior Lecturer in Health Law, College of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Wales
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Iijima K, Kanno T, Koike T, Shimosegawa T. [The 41st Scientific Meeting: perspectives of internal medicine lessons from the disaster of the Great East Japan earthquake; 3. Medical disease learned from the Great East Japan earthquake--feature, treatment and prevention--; 3) Digestive diseases]. Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 2014; 103:557-560. [PMID: 24796116 DOI: 10.2169/naika.103.557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
|
32
|
Shimokawa H. [The 41st Scientific Meeting: perspectives of internal medicine; lessons from the disaster of the Great East Japan earthquake; 3. Medical disease learned from the Great East Japan earthquake--feature, treatment and prevention--; 1) The Great East Japan earthquake and cardiovascular diseases]. Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 2014; 103:545-550. [PMID: 24796114 DOI: 10.2169/naika.103.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
|
33
|
Yamauchi K. [The 41st Scientific Meeting: perspectives of internal medicine; lessons from the disaster of the Great East Japan earthquake; 3. Medical disease learned from the Great East Japan earthquake--feature, treatment and prevention--; 2) Respiratory diseases]. Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 2014; 103:551-556. [PMID: 24796115 DOI: 10.2169/naika.103.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
|
34
|
Aguillard DC. Catholic Charities, Baton Rouge: teams take their expertise on the road. Health Prog 2013; 94:28-34. [PMID: 24308118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
|
35
|
Yamamoto R. ["Let me check your mouth"--The way to open ones' heart the 3.11 Great East Japan Earthquake, oral health support program in Minami Sanriku-cho, Miyagi Prefecture]. Sangyo Eiseigaku Zasshi 2013; 55:111-114. [PMID: 23574929 DOI: 10.1539/sangyoeisei.wadai_12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
|
36
|
[Earthquake and neurologists - role of neurologist as a primary care physician]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2013; 53:1148. [PMID: 24291910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
|