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Rancourt RC, Ott R, Ziska T, Schellong K, Melchior K, Henrich W, Plagemann A. Visceral Adipose Tissue Inflammatory Factors (TNF-Alpha, SOCS3) in Gestational Diabetes (GDM): Epigenetics as a Clue in GDM Pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020479. [PMID: 31940889 PMCID: PMC7014132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes (GDM) is among the most challenging diseases in westernized countries, affecting mother and child, immediately and in later life. Obesity is a major risk factor for GDM. However, the impact visceral obesity and related epigenetics play for GDM etiopathogenesis have hardly been considered so far. Our recent findings within the prospective ‘EaCH’ cohort study of women with GDM or normal glucose tolerance (NGT), showed the role, critical factors of insulin resistance (i.e., adiponectin, insulin receptor) may have for GDM pathophysiology with epigenetically modified expression in subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissues. Here we investigated the expression and promoter methylation of key inflammatory candidates, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) in maternal adipose tissues collected during caesarian section (GDM, n = 19; NGT, n = 22). The mRNA expression of TNF-α and SOCS3 was significantly increased in VAT, but not in SAT, of GDM patients vs. NGT, accompanied by specific alterations of respective promoter methylation patterns. In conclusion, we propose a critical role of VAT and visceral obesity for the pathogenesis of GDM, with epigenetic alterations of the expression of inflammatory factors as a potential factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca C. Rancourt
- Division of ‘Experimental Obstetrics’, Clinic of Obstetrics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (R.O.); (T.Z.); (K.S.); (K.M.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Raffael Ott
- Division of ‘Experimental Obstetrics’, Clinic of Obstetrics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (R.O.); (T.Z.); (K.S.); (K.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Thomas Ziska
- Division of ‘Experimental Obstetrics’, Clinic of Obstetrics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (R.O.); (T.Z.); (K.S.); (K.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Karen Schellong
- Division of ‘Experimental Obstetrics’, Clinic of Obstetrics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (R.O.); (T.Z.); (K.S.); (K.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Kerstin Melchior
- Division of ‘Experimental Obstetrics’, Clinic of Obstetrics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (R.O.); (T.Z.); (K.S.); (K.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Wolfgang Henrich
- Clinic of Obstetrics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Andreas Plagemann
- Division of ‘Experimental Obstetrics’, Clinic of Obstetrics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (R.O.); (T.Z.); (K.S.); (K.M.); (A.P.)
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2
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Zhang ZB, Ruan CC, Lin JR, Xu L, Chen XH, Du YN, Fu MX, Kong LR, Zhu DL, Gao PJ. Perivascular Adipose Tissue-Derived PDGF-D Contributes to Aortic Aneurysm Formation During Obesity. Diabetes 2018; 67:1549-1560. [PMID: 29794241 DOI: 10.2337/db18-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity increases the risk of vascular diseases, including aortic aneurysm (AA). Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) surrounding arteries are altered during obesity. However, the underlying mechanism of adipose tissue, especially PVAT, in the pathogenesis of AA is still unclear. Here we showed that angiotensin II (AngII) infusion increases the incidence of AA in leptin-deficient obese mice (ob/ob) and high-fat diet-induced obese mice with adventitial inflammation. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis revealed that platelet-derived growth factor-D (PDGF-D) was highly expressed in the PVAT of ob/ob mice. Therefore, we hypothesized that PDGF-D mediates adventitial inflammation, which provides a direct link between PVAT dysfunction and AA formation in AngII-infused obese mice. We found that PDGF-D promotes the proliferation, migration, and inflammatory factors expression in cultured adventitial fibroblasts. In addition, the inhibition of PDGF-D function significantly reduced the incidence of AA in AngII-infused obese mice. More importantly, adipocyte-specific PDGF-D transgenic mice are more susceptible to AA formation after AngII infusion accompanied by exaggerated adventitial inflammatory and fibrotic responses. Collectively, our findings reveal a notable role of PDGF-D in the AA formation during obesity, and modulation of this cytokine might be an exploitable treatment strategy for the condition.
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MESH Headings
- Adventitia/drug effects
- Adventitia/immunology
- Adventitia/metabolism
- Adventitia/pathology
- Angiotensin II/administration & dosage
- Angiotensin II/adverse effects
- Animals
- Aorta, Abdominal/diagnostic imaging
- Aorta, Abdominal/drug effects
- Aorta, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aorta, Abdominal/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/diagnostic imaging
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/etiology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/pathology
- Benzimidazoles/pharmacology
- Cells, Cultured
- Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects
- Drug Implants
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Intra-Abdominal Fat/drug effects
- Intra-Abdominal Fat/immunology
- Intra-Abdominal Fat/metabolism
- Intra-Abdominal Fat/pathology
- Lymphokines/agonists
- Lymphokines/antagonists & inhibitors
- Lymphokines/genetics
- Lymphokines/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Mice, Transgenic
- Obesity/etiology
- Obesity/metabolism
- Obesity/pathology
- Obesity/physiopathology
- Organ Specificity
- Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/agonists
- Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/genetics
- Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/metabolism
- Quinolines/pharmacology
- Recombinant Proteins/chemistry
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/drug effects
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/immunology
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/metabolism
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/pathology
- Survival Analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Bei Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Chao Ruan
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Rong Lin
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hui Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Nan Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Xia Fu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Ran Kong
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ding-Liang Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping-Jin Gao
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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3
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Mu WC, VanHoosier E, Elks CM, Grant RW. Long-Term Effects of Dietary Protein and Branched-Chain Amino Acids on Metabolism and Inflammation in Mice. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10070918. [PMID: 30021962 PMCID: PMC6073443 DOI: 10.3390/nu10070918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the main factor involved in the onset of degenerative diseases. Dietary protein restriction has been shown to increase the lifespan of rodents and improve metabolic phenotype. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) can act as nutrient signals that increase the lifespan of mice after prolonged supplementation. It remains unclear whether the combination of protein restriction and BCAA supplementation improves metabolic and immunological profiles during aging. Here, we investigated how dietary protein levels and BCAA supplementation impact metabolism and immune profile during a 12-month intervention in adult male C57BL/6J mice. We found that protein restriction improved insulin tolerance and increased hepatic fibroblast growth factor 21 mRNA, circulating interleukin (IL)-5 concentration, and thermogenic uncoupling protein 1 in subcutaneous white fat. Surprisingly, BCAA supplementation conditionally increased body weight, lean mass, and fat mass, and deteriorated insulin intolerance during protein restriction, but not during protein sufficiency. BCAA also induced pro-inflammatory gene expression in visceral adipose tissue under both normal and low protein conditions. These results suggest that dietary protein levels and BCAA supplementation coordinate a complex regulation of metabolism and tissue inflammation during prolonged feeding.
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MESH Headings
- Adiposity
- Aging
- Amino Acids, Branched-Chain/adverse effects
- Amino Acids, Branched-Chain/metabolism
- Amino Acids, Branched-Chain/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Cytokines/blood
- Diet, Protein-Restricted/adverse effects
- Dietary Proteins/adverse effects
- Dietary Proteins/metabolism
- Dietary Proteins/therapeutic use
- Dietary Supplements/adverse effects
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Insulin Resistance
- Liver/growth & development
- Liver/immunology
- Liver/metabolism
- Liver/pathology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Organ Size
- Proteomics/methods
- Random Allocation
- Sarcopenia/immunology
- Sarcopenia/metabolism
- Sarcopenia/pathology
- Sarcopenia/prevention & control
- Spleen/growth & development
- Spleen/immunology
- Spleen/metabolism
- Spleen/pathology
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/growth & development
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/immunology
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/metabolism
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/pathology
- Thymus Gland/growth & development
- Thymus Gland/immunology
- Thymus Gland/metabolism
- Thymus Gland/pathology
- Weight Gain
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Mu
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Erin VanHoosier
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Carrie M Elks
- Matrix Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
| | - Ryan W Grant
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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4
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Wu C, Zhang H, Zhang J, Xie C, Fan C, Zhang H, Wu P, Wei Q, Tan W, Xu L, Wang L, Xue Y, Guan M. Inflammation and Fibrosis in Perirenal Adipose Tissue of Patients With Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma. Endocrinology 2018; 159:227-237. [PMID: 29059354 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of primary aldosteronism is much higher than previously thought. Recent studies have shown that primary aldosteronism is related to a higher risk of cardiovascular events. However, the underlying mechanism is not yet clear. Here we investigate the characteristics, including inflammation, fibrosis, and adipokine expression, of adipose tissues from different deposits in patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA). Inflammation and fibrosis changes were evaluated in perirenal and subcutaneous adipose tissues obtained from patients with APA (n = 16), normotension (NT; n = 10), and essential hypertension (EH; n = 5) undergoing laparoscopic surgery. We also evaluated the effect of aldosterone in isolated human perirenal adipose tissue stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells and investigated the effect of aldosterone in mouse 3T3-L1 and brown preadipocytes. Compared with the EH group, significantly higher levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein were observed in perirenal adipose tissue of patients with APA. Expression of genes related to fibrosis and adipogenesis in perirenal adipose tissue was notably higher in patients with APA than in patients with NT and EH. Aldosterone significantly induced IL-6 and fibrosis gene mRNA expression in differentiated SVF cells. Aldosterone treatment enhanced mRNA expression of genes associated with inflammation and fibrosis and stimulated differentiation of 3T3-L1 and brown preadipocytes. In conclusion, these data indicate that high aldosterone in patients with APA may induce perirenal adipose tissue dysfunction and lead to inflammation and fibrosis, which may be involved in the high risk of cardiovascular events observed in patients with primary aldosteronism.
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MESH Headings
- 3T3-L1 Cells
- Adenoma/complications
- Adenoma/metabolism
- Adenoma/physiopathology
- Adenoma/surgery
- Adipocytes, Brown/immunology
- Adipocytes, Brown/metabolism
- Adipocytes, Brown/pathology
- Adipogenesis
- Adipokines/metabolism
- Adrenalectomy
- Aldosterone/metabolism
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Endothelium, Vascular/immunology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Essential Hypertension/complications
- Female
- Fibrosis
- Humans
- Hyperaldosteronism/etiology
- Intra-Abdominal Fat/immunology
- Intra-Abdominal Fat/metabolism
- Intra-Abdominal Fat/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Middle Aged
- Panniculitis/etiology
- Panniculitis/immunology
- Panniculitis/metabolism
- Panniculitis/pathology
- Stromal Cells/immunology
- Stromal Cells/metabolism
- Stromal Cells/pathology
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/immunology
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/metabolism
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Huijian Zhang
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiajun Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Cuihua Xie
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Cunxia Fan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hongbin Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wanlong Tan
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lingling Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yaoming Xue
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Meiping Guan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Mariani S, Di Rocco G, Toietta G, Russo MA, Petrangeli E, Salvatori L. Sirtuins 1-7 expression in human adipose-derived stem cells from subcutaneous and visceral fat depots: influence of obesity and hypoxia. Endocrine 2017; 57:455-463. [PMID: 27844208 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-1170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The sirtuin family comprises seven NAD+-dependent deacetylases which control the overall health of organisms through the regulation of pleiotropic metabolic pathways. Sirtuins are important modulators of adipose tissue metabolism and their expression is higher in lean than obese subjects. At present, the role of sirtuins in adipose-derived stem cells has not been investigated yet. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the expression of the complete panel of sirtuins in adipose-derived stem cells isolated from both subcutaneous and visceral fat of non-obese and obese subjects. We aimed at investigating the influence of obesity on sirtuins' levels, their role in obesity-associated inflammation, and the relationship with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta, which also plays functions in adipose tissue metabolism. The mRNA levels in the four types of adipose-derived stem cells were evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, in untreated cells and also after 8 h of hypoxia exposure. Correlations among sirtuins' expression and clinical and molecular parameters were also analyzed. We found that sirtuin1-6 exhibited significant higher mRNA expression in visceral adipose-derived stem cells compared to subcutaneous adipose-derived stem cells of non-obese subjects. Sirtuin1-6 levels were markedly reduced in visceral adipose-derived stem cells of obese patients. Sirtuins' expression in visceral adipose-derived stem cells correlated negatively with body mass index and C-reactive protein and positively with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta. Finally, only in the visceral adipose-derived stem cells of obese patients hypoxia-induced mRNA expression of all of the sirtuins. Our results highlight that sirtuins' levels in adipose-derived stem cells are consistent with protective effects against visceral obesity and inflammation, and suggest a transcriptional mechanism through which acute hypoxia up-regulates sirtuins in the visceral adipose-derived stem cells of obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Mariani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuliana Di Rocco
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Toietta
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo A Russo
- Consorzio MEBIC, San Raffaele University, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Petrangeli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Salvatori
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, CNR, Rome, Italy.
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6
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Ahn CH, Kim EK, Min SH, Oh TJ, Cho YM. Effects of gemigliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, on lipid metabolism and endotoxemia after a high-fat meal in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2017; 19:457-462. [PMID: 27868366 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the effects of gemigliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, on postprandial lipoprotein levels and endotoxemia in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Ten people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), inadequately controlled with oral antidiabetic medications and/or lifestyle modification, were randomized to gemigliptin or placebo for 4 weeks. At the end of each treatment phase, the study participants underwent a high-fat meal tolerance test and needle aspiration of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue. The median (range) fasting and total area under the curve of apolipoprotein B48 (ApoB48) were significantly lower with gemigliptin than with placebo (2.9 [1.5-15.8] µg/mL vs 4.2 [1.3-23.4] µg/mL; P = .020; 35.3 [14.4-87.4] µg/mL × hour vs 42.2 [17.5-109.0] µg/mL × hour; P = .020, respectively), whereas apolipoprotein B100 showed no significant difference. Serum endotoxin levels were undetectable in 70% of the samples, so we were not able to evaluate the effect of gemigliptin on endotoxemia. The gene expression of inflammatory cytokines in subcutaneous adipose tissue was not affected by gemigliptin. Gemigliptin reduced ApoB48 levels after a high-fat meal in participants with T2DM. Whether systemic endotoxin levels can be reduced by gemigliptin requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Ho Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Ky Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Hee Min
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Jung Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Young Min Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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7
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Eriksson Hogling D, Petrus P, Gao H, Bäckdahl J, Dahlman I, Laurencikiene J, Acosta J, Ehrlund A, Näslund E, Kulyte A, Mejhert N, Andersson DP, Arner P, Rydén M. Adipose and Circulating CCL18 Levels Associate With Metabolic Risk Factors in Women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016; 101:4021-4029. [PMID: 27459538 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-2390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cardiometabolic complications in obesity may be linked to white adipose tissue (WAT) dysfunction. Transcriptomic studies of Sc WAT have reported that CCL18, encoding the CC chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18), is increased in obesity/insulin resistance but its functional role is unknown. OBJECTIVE Our objectives were to determine if CCL18 is secreted from Sc WAT and if secreted and/or serum levels associate with metabolic phenotypes. We also planned to define the primary cellular source and if CCL18 exerts effects on adipocytes. DESIGN This is a cohort study. SETTING The study took place in an outpatient academic clinic. PARTICIPANTS A total of 130 obese women scheduled for bariatric surgery and 35 nonobese controls were included. METHODS Insulin sensitivity was assessed by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp or homeostasis model assessment. CCL18 was analyzed in serum/WAT incubates by ELISA. Effects of recombinant CCL18 was determined in cultures of primary human adipocytes and the monocyte cell line THP-1 differentiated into M0/M1/M2 macrophages. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Association with metabolic risk factors was measured. RESULTS CCL18 was secreted from WAT and the levels correlated positively with insulin resistance, Adult Treatment Panel III risk score and plasma triglycerides, independent of body mass index and better than other established adipocytokines. In 80 obese women, S-CCL18 levels were significantly higher in insulin resistant compared with insulin sensitive subjects. In WAT CCL18 mRNA was expressed in macrophages and correlated positively with immune-related genes, particularly those enriched in M2 macrophages. While CCL18 increased cyto-/chemokine expression in M0/M2-THP-1 cells, human adipocytes showed no responses in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Circulating and WAT-secreted CCL18 correlates with insulin resistance and metabolic risk score. Because CCL18 is macrophage-specific and associates with adipose immune gene expression, it may constitute a marker of WAT inflammation.
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MESH Headings
- Adiposity
- Adult
- Bariatric Surgery
- Biomarkers/blood
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- Body Mass Index
- Cell Line
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokines, CC/blood
- Chemokines, CC/genetics
- Chemokines, CC/metabolism
- Cohort Studies
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Gene Ontology
- Humans
- Hypertriglyceridemia/etiology
- Insulin Resistance
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/pathology
- Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology
- Metabolic Syndrome/etiology
- Obesity, Morbid/immunology
- Obesity, Morbid/metabolism
- Obesity, Morbid/pathology
- Obesity, Morbid/physiopathology
- Panniculitis/etiology
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Risk Factors
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/immunology
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/metabolism
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/pathology
- Sweden/epidemiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Eriksson Hogling
- Department of Medicine (H7) (D.E.H., P.P., J.B., I.D., J.L., J.A., A.E., A.K., N.M., D.P.A., P.A., M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition (H.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences (E.N.), Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Danderyd, Sweden
| | - Paul Petrus
- Department of Medicine (H7) (D.E.H., P.P., J.B., I.D., J.L., J.A., A.E., A.K., N.M., D.P.A., P.A., M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition (H.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences (E.N.), Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Danderyd, Sweden
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Medicine (H7) (D.E.H., P.P., J.B., I.D., J.L., J.A., A.E., A.K., N.M., D.P.A., P.A., M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition (H.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences (E.N.), Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Danderyd, Sweden
| | - Jesper Bäckdahl
- Department of Medicine (H7) (D.E.H., P.P., J.B., I.D., J.L., J.A., A.E., A.K., N.M., D.P.A., P.A., M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition (H.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences (E.N.), Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Danderyd, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Dahlman
- Department of Medicine (H7) (D.E.H., P.P., J.B., I.D., J.L., J.A., A.E., A.K., N.M., D.P.A., P.A., M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition (H.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences (E.N.), Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Danderyd, Sweden
| | - Jurga Laurencikiene
- Department of Medicine (H7) (D.E.H., P.P., J.B., I.D., J.L., J.A., A.E., A.K., N.M., D.P.A., P.A., M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition (H.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences (E.N.), Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Danderyd, Sweden
| | - Juan Acosta
- Department of Medicine (H7) (D.E.H., P.P., J.B., I.D., J.L., J.A., A.E., A.K., N.M., D.P.A., P.A., M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition (H.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences (E.N.), Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Danderyd, Sweden
| | - Anna Ehrlund
- Department of Medicine (H7) (D.E.H., P.P., J.B., I.D., J.L., J.A., A.E., A.K., N.M., D.P.A., P.A., M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition (H.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences (E.N.), Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Danderyd, Sweden
| | - Erik Näslund
- Department of Medicine (H7) (D.E.H., P.P., J.B., I.D., J.L., J.A., A.E., A.K., N.M., D.P.A., P.A., M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition (H.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences (E.N.), Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Danderyd, Sweden
| | - Agne Kulyte
- Department of Medicine (H7) (D.E.H., P.P., J.B., I.D., J.L., J.A., A.E., A.K., N.M., D.P.A., P.A., M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition (H.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences (E.N.), Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Danderyd, Sweden
| | - Niklas Mejhert
- Department of Medicine (H7) (D.E.H., P.P., J.B., I.D., J.L., J.A., A.E., A.K., N.M., D.P.A., P.A., M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition (H.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences (E.N.), Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Danderyd, Sweden
| | - Daniel P Andersson
- Department of Medicine (H7) (D.E.H., P.P., J.B., I.D., J.L., J.A., A.E., A.K., N.M., D.P.A., P.A., M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition (H.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences (E.N.), Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Danderyd, Sweden
| | - Peter Arner
- Department of Medicine (H7) (D.E.H., P.P., J.B., I.D., J.L., J.A., A.E., A.K., N.M., D.P.A., P.A., M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition (H.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences (E.N.), Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Danderyd, Sweden
| | - Mikael Rydén
- Department of Medicine (H7) (D.E.H., P.P., J.B., I.D., J.L., J.A., A.E., A.K., N.M., D.P.A., P.A., M.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition (H.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences (E.N.), Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Danderyd, Sweden
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8
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Svart M, Kampmann U, Voss T, Pedersen SB, Johannsen M, Rittig N, Poulsen PL, Nielsen TS, Jessen N, Møller N. Combined Insulin Deficiency and Endotoxin Exposure Stimulate Lipid Mobilization and Alter Adipose Tissue Signaling in an Experimental Model of Ketoacidosis in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial. Diabetes 2016; 65:1380-6. [PMID: 26884439 DOI: 10.2337/db15-1645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Most often, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in adults results from insufficient insulin administration and acute infection. DKA is assumed to release proinflammatory cytokines and stress hormones that stimulate lipolysis and ketogenesis. We tested whether this perception of DKA can be reproduced in an experimental human model by using combined insulin deficiency and acute inflammation and tested which intracellular mediators of lipolysis are affected in adipose tissue. Nine subjects with type 1 diabetes were studied twice: 1) insulin-controlled euglycemia and 2) insulin deprivation and endotoxin administration (KET). During KET, serum tumor necrosis factor-α, cortisol, glucagon, and growth hormone levels increased, and free fatty acids and 3-hydroxybutyrate concentrations and the rate of lipolysis rose markedly. Serum bicarbonate and pH decreased. Adipose tissue mRNA contents of comparative gene identification-58 (CGI-58) increased and G0/G1 switch 2 gene (G0S2) mRNA decreased robustly. Neither protein levels of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) nor phosphorylations of hormone-sensitive lipase were altered. The clinical picture of incipient DKA in adults can be reproduced by combined insulin deficiency and endotoxin-induced acute inflammation. The precipitating steps involve the release of proinflammatory cytokines and stress hormones, increased lipolysis, and decreased G0S2 and increased CGI-58 mRNA contents in adipose tissue, compatible with latent ATGL stimulation.
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MESH Headings
- 1-Acylglycerol-3-Phosphate O-Acyltransferase/genetics
- 1-Acylglycerol-3-Phosphate O-Acyltransferase/metabolism
- Adult
- Biopsy
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Cross-Over Studies
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Diabetic Ketoacidosis/immunology
- Diabetic Ketoacidosis/metabolism
- Diabetic Ketoacidosis/pathology
- Diabetic Ketoacidosis/prevention & control
- Endotoxins/toxicity
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Humans
- Hyperglycemia/chemically induced
- Hyperglycemia/prevention & control
- Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage
- Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use
- Insulin/administration & dosage
- Insulin/therapeutic use
- Insulin, Long-Acting/administration & dosage
- Insulin, Long-Acting/therapeutic use
- Insulin, Short-Acting/administration & dosage
- Insulin, Short-Acting/therapeutic use
- Lipolysis/drug effects
- Male
- Models, Immunological
- Panniculitis/drug therapy
- Panniculitis/immunology
- Panniculitis/metabolism
- Panniculitis/pathology
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/drug effects
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/immunology
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/metabolism
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/pathology
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Mads Svart
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ulla Kampmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Thomas Voss
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Steen B Pedersen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mogens Johannsen
- Section for Forensic Chemistry, Department of Forensic Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nikolaj Rittig
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Per L Poulsen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas S Nielsen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section for Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Jessen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Niels Møller
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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9
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Ortega FJ, Mercader JM, Moreno-Navarrete JM, Nonell L, Puigdecanet E, Rodriquez-Hermosa JI, Rovira O, Xifra G, Guerra E, Moreno M, Mayas D, Moreno-Castellanos N, Fernández-Formoso JA, Ricart W, Tinahones FJ, Torrents D, Malagón MM, Fernández-Real JM. Surgery-Induced Weight Loss Is Associated With the Downregulation of Genes Targeted by MicroRNAs in Adipose Tissue. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100:E1467-76. [PMID: 26252355 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-2357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Molecular mechanisms associated with physiological variations in adipose tissue (AT) are not fully recognized. The most recent reports highlight the critical relevance of microRNAs (miRNAs) found in AT. OBJECTIVE To identify changes in messenger RNA (mRNA) and miRNA expressions and their interaction in human AT before and after surgery-induced weight loss. Research Design and Setting: Genome-wide mRNA and miRNA expressions were assessed by microarrays in abdominal subcutaneous AT of 16 morbidly obese women before and 2 years after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. The association of changes in miRNAs with their respective mRNA targets was studied. The results were replicated in publicly available microarray datasets. Validation was made by real-time polymerase chain reaction in additional fat samples from 26 age-matched lean women and in isolated human adipocytes. RESULTS A total of 5018 different mRNA probe sets and 15 miRNAs were differentially expressed after surgery-induced weight loss. The clustering of similar expression patterns for gene products with related functions revealed molecular footprints that elucidate significant changes in cell cycle, development, lipid metabolism, and the inflammatory response. The participation of inflammation was demonstrated by results assessed in isolated adipocytes. Interestingly, when transcriptomes were analyzed taking into account the presence of miRNA target sites, miRNA target mRNAs were upregulated in obese AT (P value = 2 × 10(-181)) and inflamed adipocytes (P value = 4 × 10(-61)), according to the number of target sites harbored by each transcript. CONCLUSIONS Current findings suggest impaired miRNA target gene expression in obese AT in close association with inflammation, both improving after weight loss.
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MESH Headings
- Adipocytes, White/cytology
- Adipocytes, White/immunology
- Adipocytes, White/metabolism
- Adult
- Body Mass Index
- Cell Line
- Cells, Cultured
- Cohort Studies
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Down-Regulation
- Female
- Gastric Bypass
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Genome-Wide Association Study
- Humans
- Longitudinal Studies
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Monocytes/immunology
- Monocytes/metabolism
- Obesity, Morbid/genetics
- Obesity, Morbid/immunology
- Obesity, Morbid/metabolism
- Obesity, Morbid/surgery
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/immunology
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/metabolism
- Weight Loss
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Ortega
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., G.X., E.G., M.M., W.R., J.M.R.-R.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., D.M., N.M.-C., J.A.F.-F., W.R., F.J.T., M.M.M., J.M.F.-R.), Spain; Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Program on Computational Biology (J.M.M., D.T.), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain; Servei d'Anàlisi de Microarrays (L.N., E.P.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgery (J.I.R.-H.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition (D.M., F.J.T.), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria de Malaga, Málaga, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (N.M.-C., M.M.M.), Instituto Maimonides de Investigaciones Biomedicas de Cordoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (D.T.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Mercader
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., G.X., E.G., M.M., W.R., J.M.R.-R.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., D.M., N.M.-C., J.A.F.-F., W.R., F.J.T., M.M.M., J.M.F.-R.), Spain; Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Program on Computational Biology (J.M.M., D.T.), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain; Servei d'Anàlisi de Microarrays (L.N., E.P.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgery (J.I.R.-H.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition (D.M., F.J.T.), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria de Malaga, Málaga, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (N.M.-C., M.M.M.), Instituto Maimonides de Investigaciones Biomedicas de Cordoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (D.T.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M Moreno-Navarrete
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., G.X., E.G., M.M., W.R., J.M.R.-R.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., D.M., N.M.-C., J.A.F.-F., W.R., F.J.T., M.M.M., J.M.F.-R.), Spain; Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Program on Computational Biology (J.M.M., D.T.), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain; Servei d'Anàlisi de Microarrays (L.N., E.P.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgery (J.I.R.-H.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition (D.M., F.J.T.), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria de Malaga, Málaga, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (N.M.-C., M.M.M.), Instituto Maimonides de Investigaciones Biomedicas de Cordoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (D.T.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lara Nonell
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., G.X., E.G., M.M., W.R., J.M.R.-R.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., D.M., N.M.-C., J.A.F.-F., W.R., F.J.T., M.M.M., J.M.F.-R.), Spain; Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Program on Computational Biology (J.M.M., D.T.), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain; Servei d'Anàlisi de Microarrays (L.N., E.P.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgery (J.I.R.-H.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition (D.M., F.J.T.), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria de Malaga, Málaga, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (N.M.-C., M.M.M.), Instituto Maimonides de Investigaciones Biomedicas de Cordoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (D.T.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eulàlia Puigdecanet
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., G.X., E.G., M.M., W.R., J.M.R.-R.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., D.M., N.M.-C., J.A.F.-F., W.R., F.J.T., M.M.M., J.M.F.-R.), Spain; Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Program on Computational Biology (J.M.M., D.T.), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain; Servei d'Anàlisi de Microarrays (L.N., E.P.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgery (J.I.R.-H.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition (D.M., F.J.T.), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria de Malaga, Málaga, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (N.M.-C., M.M.M.), Instituto Maimonides de Investigaciones Biomedicas de Cordoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (D.T.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José I Rodriquez-Hermosa
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., G.X., E.G., M.M., W.R., J.M.R.-R.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., D.M., N.M.-C., J.A.F.-F., W.R., F.J.T., M.M.M., J.M.F.-R.), Spain; Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Program on Computational Biology (J.M.M., D.T.), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain; Servei d'Anàlisi de Microarrays (L.N., E.P.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgery (J.I.R.-H.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition (D.M., F.J.T.), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria de Malaga, Málaga, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (N.M.-C., M.M.M.), Instituto Maimonides de Investigaciones Biomedicas de Cordoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (D.T.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Rovira
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., G.X., E.G., M.M., W.R., J.M.R.-R.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., D.M., N.M.-C., J.A.F.-F., W.R., F.J.T., M.M.M., J.M.F.-R.), Spain; Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Program on Computational Biology (J.M.M., D.T.), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain; Servei d'Anàlisi de Microarrays (L.N., E.P.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgery (J.I.R.-H.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition (D.M., F.J.T.), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria de Malaga, Málaga, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (N.M.-C., M.M.M.), Instituto Maimonides de Investigaciones Biomedicas de Cordoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (D.T.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Xifra
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., G.X., E.G., M.M., W.R., J.M.R.-R.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., D.M., N.M.-C., J.A.F.-F., W.R., F.J.T., M.M.M., J.M.F.-R.), Spain; Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Program on Computational Biology (J.M.M., D.T.), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain; Servei d'Anàlisi de Microarrays (L.N., E.P.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgery (J.I.R.-H.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition (D.M., F.J.T.), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria de Malaga, Málaga, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (N.M.-C., M.M.M.), Instituto Maimonides de Investigaciones Biomedicas de Cordoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (D.T.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Guerra
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., G.X., E.G., M.M., W.R., J.M.R.-R.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., D.M., N.M.-C., J.A.F.-F., W.R., F.J.T., M.M.M., J.M.F.-R.), Spain; Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Program on Computational Biology (J.M.M., D.T.), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain; Servei d'Anàlisi de Microarrays (L.N., E.P.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgery (J.I.R.-H.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition (D.M., F.J.T.), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria de Malaga, Málaga, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (N.M.-C., M.M.M.), Instituto Maimonides de Investigaciones Biomedicas de Cordoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (D.T.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Moreno
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., G.X., E.G., M.M., W.R., J.M.R.-R.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., D.M., N.M.-C., J.A.F.-F., W.R., F.J.T., M.M.M., J.M.F.-R.), Spain; Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Program on Computational Biology (J.M.M., D.T.), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain; Servei d'Anàlisi de Microarrays (L.N., E.P.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgery (J.I.R.-H.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition (D.M., F.J.T.), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria de Malaga, Málaga, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (N.M.-C., M.M.M.), Instituto Maimonides de Investigaciones Biomedicas de Cordoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (D.T.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolores Mayas
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., G.X., E.G., M.M., W.R., J.M.R.-R.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., D.M., N.M.-C., J.A.F.-F., W.R., F.J.T., M.M.M., J.M.F.-R.), Spain; Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Program on Computational Biology (J.M.M., D.T.), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain; Servei d'Anàlisi de Microarrays (L.N., E.P.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgery (J.I.R.-H.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition (D.M., F.J.T.), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria de Malaga, Málaga, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (N.M.-C., M.M.M.), Instituto Maimonides de Investigaciones Biomedicas de Cordoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (D.T.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Moreno-Castellanos
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., G.X., E.G., M.M., W.R., J.M.R.-R.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., D.M., N.M.-C., J.A.F.-F., W.R., F.J.T., M.M.M., J.M.F.-R.), Spain; Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Program on Computational Biology (J.M.M., D.T.), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain; Servei d'Anàlisi de Microarrays (L.N., E.P.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgery (J.I.R.-H.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition (D.M., F.J.T.), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria de Malaga, Málaga, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (N.M.-C., M.M.M.), Instituto Maimonides de Investigaciones Biomedicas de Cordoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (D.T.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José A Fernández-Formoso
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., G.X., E.G., M.M., W.R., J.M.R.-R.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., D.M., N.M.-C., J.A.F.-F., W.R., F.J.T., M.M.M., J.M.F.-R.), Spain; Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Program on Computational Biology (J.M.M., D.T.), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain; Servei d'Anàlisi de Microarrays (L.N., E.P.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgery (J.I.R.-H.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition (D.M., F.J.T.), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria de Malaga, Málaga, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (N.M.-C., M.M.M.), Instituto Maimonides de Investigaciones Biomedicas de Cordoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (D.T.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wifredo Ricart
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., G.X., E.G., M.M., W.R., J.M.R.-R.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., D.M., N.M.-C., J.A.F.-F., W.R., F.J.T., M.M.M., J.M.F.-R.), Spain; Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Program on Computational Biology (J.M.M., D.T.), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain; Servei d'Anàlisi de Microarrays (L.N., E.P.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgery (J.I.R.-H.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition (D.M., F.J.T.), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria de Malaga, Málaga, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (N.M.-C., M.M.M.), Instituto Maimonides de Investigaciones Biomedicas de Cordoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (D.T.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., G.X., E.G., M.M., W.R., J.M.R.-R.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., D.M., N.M.-C., J.A.F.-F., W.R., F.J.T., M.M.M., J.M.F.-R.), Spain; Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Program on Computational Biology (J.M.M., D.T.), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain; Servei d'Anàlisi de Microarrays (L.N., E.P.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgery (J.I.R.-H.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition (D.M., F.J.T.), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria de Malaga, Málaga, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (N.M.-C., M.M.M.), Instituto Maimonides de Investigaciones Biomedicas de Cordoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (D.T.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Torrents
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., G.X., E.G., M.M., W.R., J.M.R.-R.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., D.M., N.M.-C., J.A.F.-F., W.R., F.J.T., M.M.M., J.M.F.-R.), Spain; Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Program on Computational Biology (J.M.M., D.T.), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain; Servei d'Anàlisi de Microarrays (L.N., E.P.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgery (J.I.R.-H.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition (D.M., F.J.T.), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria de Malaga, Málaga, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (N.M.-C., M.M.M.), Instituto Maimonides de Investigaciones Biomedicas de Cordoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (D.T.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - María M Malagón
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., G.X., E.G., M.M., W.R., J.M.R.-R.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., D.M., N.M.-C., J.A.F.-F., W.R., F.J.T., M.M.M., J.M.F.-R.), Spain; Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Program on Computational Biology (J.M.M., D.T.), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain; Servei d'Anàlisi de Microarrays (L.N., E.P.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgery (J.I.R.-H.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition (D.M., F.J.T.), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria de Malaga, Málaga, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (N.M.-C., M.M.M.), Instituto Maimonides de Investigaciones Biomedicas de Cordoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (D.T.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M Fernández-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., G.X., E.G., M.M., W.R., J.M.R.-R.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (F.J.O., J.M.M.-N., O.R., D.M., N.M.-C., J.A.F.-F., W.R., F.J.T., M.M.M., J.M.F.-R.), Spain; Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Program on Computational Biology (J.M.M., D.T.), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain; Servei d'Anàlisi de Microarrays (L.N., E.P.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgery (J.I.R.-H.), Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Girona, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition (D.M., F.J.T.), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria de Malaga, Málaga, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (N.M.-C., M.M.M.), Instituto Maimonides de Investigaciones Biomedicas de Cordoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (D.T.), Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Tencerová M, Kračmerová J, Krauzová E, Mališová L, Kováčová Z, Wedellová Z, Šiklová M, Štich V, Rossmeislová L. Experimental hyperglycemia induces an increase of monocyte and T-lymphocyte content in adipose tissue of healthy obese women. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122872. [PMID: 25894202 PMCID: PMC4403863 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives Hyperglycemia represents one of possible mediators for activation of immune system and may contribute to worsening of inflammatory state associated with obesity. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of a short-term hyperglycemia (HG) on the phenotype and relative content of immune cells in circulation and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAAT) in obese women without metabolic complications. Subjects/Methods Three hour HG clamp with infusion of octreotide and control investigations with infusion of octreotide or saline were performed in three groups of obese women (Group1: HG, Group 2: Octreotide, Group 3: Saline, n=10 per group). Before and at the end of the interventions, samples of SAAT and blood were obtained. The relative content of immune cells in blood and SAAT was determined by flow cytometry. Gene expression analysis of immunity-related markers in SAAT was performed by quantitative real-time PCR. Results In blood, no changes in analysed immune cell population were observed in response to HG. In SAAT, HG induced an increase in the content of CD206 negative monocytes/macrophages (p<0.05) and T lymphocytes (both T helper and T cytotoxic lymphocytes, p<0.01). Further, HG promoted an increase of mRNA levels of immune response markers (CCL2, TLR4, TNFα) and lymphocyte markers (CD3g, CD4, CD8a, TBX21, GATA3, FoxP3) in SAAT (p<0.05 and 0.01). Under both control infusions, none of these changes were observed. Conclusions Acute HG significantly increased the content of monocytes and lymphocytes in SAAT of healthy obese women. This result suggests that the short-term HG can modulate an immune status of AT in obese subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Tencerová
- Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague 10, CZ-100 00 Czech Republic
- Department of Sport Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, CZ-100 00 Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Jana Kračmerová
- Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague 10, CZ-100 00 Czech Republic
- Department of Sport Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, CZ-100 00 Czech Republic
| | - Eva Krauzová
- Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague 10, CZ-100 00 Czech Republic
- Department of Sport Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, CZ-100 00 Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Mališová
- Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague 10, CZ-100 00 Czech Republic
- Department of Sport Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, CZ-100 00 Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Kováčová
- Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague 10, CZ-100 00 Czech Republic
- Department of Sport Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, CZ-100 00 Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Wedellová
- Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague 10, CZ-100 00 Czech Republic
- Department of Sport Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, CZ-100 00 Czech Republic
- Second Internal Medicine Department, Vinohrady Teaching Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Šiklová
- Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague 10, CZ-100 00 Czech Republic
- Department of Sport Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, CZ-100 00 Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Štich
- Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague 10, CZ-100 00 Czech Republic
- Department of Sport Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, CZ-100 00 Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Rossmeislová
- Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague 10, CZ-100 00 Czech Republic
- Department of Sport Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, CZ-100 00 Czech Republic
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11
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Gustafson B, Hedjazifar S, Gogg S, Hammarstedt A, Smith U. Insulin resistance and impaired adipogenesis. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2015; 26:193-200. [PMID: 25703677 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The adipose tissue is crucial in regulating insulin sensitivity and risk for diabetes through its lipid storage capacity and thermogenic and endocrine functions. Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) stores excess lipids through expansion of adipocytes (hypertrophic obesity) and/or recruitment of new precursor cells (hyperplastic obesity). Hypertrophic obesity in humans, a characteristic of genetic predisposition for diabetes, is associated with abdominal obesity, ectopic fat accumulation, and the metabolic syndrome (MS), while the ability to recruit new adipocytes prevents this. We review the regulation of adipogenesis, its relation to SAT expandability and the risks of ectopic fat accumulation, and insulin resistance. The actions of GLUT4 in SAT, including a novel family of lipids enhancing insulin sensitivity/secretion, and the function of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) in white and beige/brown adipogenesis in humans are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Gustafson
- The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Shahram Hedjazifar
- The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Silvia Gogg
- The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ann Hammarstedt
- The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulf Smith
- The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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12
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Conine SJ, Cross JV. MIF deficiency does not alter glucose homeostasis or adipose tissue inflammatory cell infiltrates during diet-induced obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2014; 22:418-25. [PMID: 23804488 PMCID: PMC3809343 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Circulating macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) levels have been shown to positively correlate with body mass index (BMI) in humans. Our objective in this study was to determine the effects of MIF deficiency in a model of high-fat diet-induced obesity. DESIGN AND METHODS MIF wild type (MIF WT) and MIF deficient (MIF(-/-)) C57Bl/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for up to 15 weeks. Weight and metabolic responses were measured over the course of the disease. Immune cell infiltrates in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue were examined by flow cytometry. RESULTS There was no difference in weight gain or adipose tissue mass in MIF(-/-) mice compared to MIF WT mice. Both groups fed HFD developed glucose intolerance at the same rate and had similar elevations in fasted blood insulin. MDSC abundance was evaluated and showed no MIF-dependent differences. Macrophages were elevated in the visceral adipose tissue of obese mice, but there was no difference between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS While HFD feeding induced obesity with the expected perturbations in glucose homeostasis and adipose tissue inflammation, the presence or absence of MIF had no effect on any parameter examined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janet V Cross
- Full address and email of corresponding author: Janet V. Cross, PO Box 800904, Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908,
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13
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Lee TWA, Kwon H, Zong H, Yamada E, Vatish M, Pessin JE, Bastie CC. Fyn deficiency promotes a preferential increase in subcutaneous adipose tissue mass and decreased visceral adipose tissue inflammation. Diabetes 2013; 62:1537-46. [PMID: 23321073 PMCID: PMC3636609 DOI: 10.2337/db12-0920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that Fyn knockout (FynKO) mice on a standard chow diet display increased glucose clearance and whole-body insulin sensitivity associated with decreased adiposity resulting from increased fatty acid use and energy expenditure. Surprisingly, however, despite a similar extent of adipose tissue (AT) mass accumulation on a high-fat diet, the FynKO mice remained fully glucose tolerant and insulin sensitive. Physiologic analyses demonstrated that the FynKO mice had a combination of skewed AT expansion into the subcutaneous compartment rather than to the visceral depot, reduced AT inflammation associated with reduced T-cell and macrophage infiltration, and increased proportion of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. These data demonstrate that Fyn is an important regulator of whole-body integrative metabolism that coordinates AT expansion, inflammation, and insulin sensitivity in states of nutrient excess. These data further suggest that inhibition of Fyn function may provide a novel target to prevent AT inflammation, insulin resistance, and the dyslipidemia components of the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Wen A. Lee
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York
| | - Hyokjoon Kwon
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Haihong Zong
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Eijiro Yamada
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Manu Vatish
- Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, U.K
| | - Jeffrey E. Pessin
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Claire C. Bastie
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Division of Metabolic and Vascular Health, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, U.K
- Corresponding author: Claire C. Bastie,
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14
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Qatanani M, Tan Y, Dobrin R, Greenawalt DM, Hu G, Zhao W, Olefsky JM, Sears DD, Kaplan LM, Kemp DM. Inverse regulation of inflammation and mitochondrial function in adipose tissue defines extreme insulin sensitivity in morbidly obese patients. Diabetes 2013; 62:855-63. [PMID: 23223024 PMCID: PMC3581230 DOI: 10.2337/db12-0399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with insulin resistance, a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, not all obese individuals are insulin resistant, which confounds our understanding of the mechanistic link between these conditions. We conducted transcriptome analyses on 835 obese subjects with mean BMI of 48.8, on which we have previously reported genetic associations of gene expression. Here, we selected ~320 nondiabetic (HbA(1c) <7.0) subjects and further stratified the cohort into insulin-resistant versus insulin-sensitive subgroups based on homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance. An unsupervised informatics analysis revealed that immune response and inflammation-related genes were significantly downregulated in the omental adipose tissue of obese individuals with extreme insulin sensitivity and, to a much lesser extent, in subcutaneous adipose tissue. In contrast, genes related to β-oxidation and the citric acid cycle were relatively overexpressed in adipose of insulin-sensitive patients. These observations were verified by querying an independent cohort of our published dataset of 37 subjects whose subcutaneous adipose tissue was sampled before and after treatment with thiazolidinediones. Whereas the immune response and inflammation pathway genes were downregulated by thiazolidinedione treatment, β-oxidation and citric acid cycle genes were upregulated. This work highlights the critical role that omental adipose inflammatory pathways might play in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance, independent of body weight.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Biopsy
- Body Mass Index
- Citric Acid Cycle/drug effects
- Cohort Studies
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects
- Humans
- Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use
- Insulin Resistance
- Intra-Abdominal Fat/drug effects
- Intra-Abdominal Fat/immunology
- Intra-Abdominal Fat/metabolism
- Intra-Abdominal Fat/pathology
- Mitochondria/drug effects
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Mitochondria/pathology
- Mitochondrial Proteins/genetics
- Mitochondrial Proteins/metabolism
- Obesity, Morbid/complications
- Obesity, Morbid/immunology
- Obesity, Morbid/metabolism
- Obesity, Morbid/pathology
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Oxidative Phosphorylation/drug effects
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/drug effects
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/immunology
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/metabolism
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/pathology
- Thiazolidinediones/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Qatanani
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey
- Diabetes and Endocrinology, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Yejun Tan
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey
- Informatics and Analysis, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Radu Dobrin
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey
- Informatics and Analysis, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Danielle M. Greenawalt
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey
- Informatics and Analysis, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Guanghui Hu
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey
- Informatics and Analysis, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Wenqing Zhao
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey
- Informatics and Analysis, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Jerrold M. Olefsky
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Dorothy D. Sears
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Lee M. Kaplan
- Gastrointestinal Metabolism Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel M. Kemp
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey
- Diabetes and Endocrinology, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey
- Corresponding author: Daniel M. Kemp,
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Tam CS, Tordjman J, Divoux A, Baur LA, Clément K. Adipose tissue remodeling in children: the link between collagen deposition and age-related adipocyte growth. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012; 97:1320-7. [PMID: 22259057 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2011-2806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is essential for adipose tissue growth and expansion in high fat-fed mice, and there is evidence of fibrosis in adipose tissue in human obesity. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to explore the role of ECM remodeling in adipose tissue in healthy, growing children. RESEARCH DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Abdominal sc adipose biopsies were obtained from 65 otherwise healthy children [57 boys; age, 5.3 ± 3.8 yr (mean ± sd)] having elective surgery (cross-sectional study). Twenty percent of the participants were classified as overweight/obese based on body mass index (BMI) z score. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We examined collagen (total and pericellular), HAM56+ macrophages, CD206+ M2 phenotype macrophages, and CD3+ T cells measured by immunohistochemistry and ECM gene expression markers. RESULTS Overweight children had significantly less total collagen compared to normal weight children (median, 3.4 vs. 9.1%; P = 0.001). However, collagen areas were not positive for COL6 and showed little evidence of collagen surrounding adipocytes. Fat cell size was negatively correlated with the percentage of total (r = -0.398; P = 0.003) and pericellular collagen (r = -0.462; P < 0.001) but positively correlated with HAM56+ macrophages (r = 0.541; P < 0.001). The percentage of total collagen was inversely associated with BMI z score (r = -0.345; P = 0.01) and age (r = -0.348; P = 0.005), with older (>11 yr old) children in the top BMI z tertile having less collagen (3.8%) than younger (2-5 yr old) children in the bottom BMI z tertile (12.6%). Adipose tissue in overweight children showed little evidence of crown-like structures or T cells. CONCLUSION In healthy, growing children, increased collagen in adipose tissue is associated with decreased fat cell size and BMI z score and increased M2+ phenotype macrophages, suggesting dynamic interaction between ECM remodeling and immune cells even at an early age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charmaine S Tam
- Institue of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales 2145, Australia.
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Saito T, Murata M, Otani T, Tamemoto H, Kawakami M, Ishikawa SE. Association of subcutaneous and visceral fat mass with serum concentrations of adipokines in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Endocr J 2012; 59:39-45. [PMID: 22019947 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej11-0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of the study was to examine the association of subcutaneous and visceral fat mass with serum concentrations of adipokines in 130 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The levels of serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (HS-CRP), adiponectin, high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin, interleukin-18, and retinol-binding protein 4 were measured. Percentage body fat was determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and subcutaneous and visceral fat areas were measured by abdominal CT. HS-CRP had significant positive correlations with percentage body fat and subcutaneous fat area, and a particularly significant positive correlation with visceral fat area. Serum adiponectin had a negative correlation with the subcutaneous and visceral fat areas, with the strongest correlation with the visceral fat area. Similar results were obtained for HMW adiponectin. Serum adiponectin had a negative correlation with visceral fat area in subjects with a visceral fat area < 100 cm², but not in those with a visceral fat area ≥ 100 cm². In contrast, serum HS-CRP showed a positive correlation with visceral fat area in subjects with visceral fat area ≥ 100 cm², but not in those with a visceral fat area < 100 cm². These findings indicate that an increased visceral fat area is associated with inflammatory changes, and that inflammatory reactions may alter the functional properties of visceral fat in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Saito
- Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
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Madani R, Karastergiou K, Ogston NC, Miheisi N, Bhome R, Haloob N, Tan GD, Karpe F, Malone-Lee J, Hashemi M, Jahangiri M, Mohamed-Ali V. RANTES release by human adipose tissue in vivo and evidence for depot-specific differences. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2009; 296:E1262-8. [PMID: 19240255 PMCID: PMC2692396 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.90511.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with elevated inflammatory signals from various adipose tissue depots. This study aimed to evaluate release of regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) by human adipose tissue in vivo and ex vivo, in reference to monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) release. Arteriovenous differences of RANTES, MCP-1, and IL-6 were studied in vivo across the abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue in healthy Caucasian subjects with a wide range of adiposity. Systemic levels and ex vivo RANTES release were studied in abdominal subcutaneous, gastric fat pad, and omental adipose tissue from morbidly obese bariatric surgery patients and in thoracic subcutaneous and epicardial adipose tissue from cardiac surgery patients without coronary artery disease. Arteriovenous studies confirmed in vivo RANTES and IL-6 release in adipose tissue of lean and obese subjects and release of MCP-1 in obesity. However, in vivo release of MCP-1 and RANTES, but not IL-6, was lower than circulating levels. Ex vivo release of RANTES was greater from the gastric fat pad compared with omental (P = 0.01) and subcutaneous (P = 0.001) tissue. Epicardial adipose tissue released less RANTES than thoracic subcutaneous adipose tissue in lean (P = 0.04) but not obese subjects. Indexes of obesity correlated with epicardial RANTES but not with systemic RANTES or its release from other depots. In conclusion, RANTES is released by human subcutaneous adipose tissue in vivo and in varying amounts by other depots ex vivo. While it appears unlikely that the adipose organ contributes significantly to circulating levels, local implications of this chemokine deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Madani
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, Div. of Medicine, University College London, 5 University St., London, UK WC1 6JJ
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Harman-Boehm I, Blüher M, Redel H, Sion-Vardy N, Ovadia S, Avinoach E, Shai I, Klöting N, Stumvoll M, Bashan N, Rudich A. Macrophage infiltration into omental versus subcutaneous fat across different populations: effect of regional adiposity and the comorbidities of obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92:2240-7. [PMID: 17374712 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2006-1811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 393] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue has been demonstrated to accompany obesity, with a potential preferential infiltration into intraabdominal vs. sc fat. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to determine whether this occurs across different populations with a range of body mass indexes and to assess the relationship with regional adiposity and comorbidity of obesity. SETTING AND PATIENTS In two independent cohorts, we used paired omental (OM) and sc fat biopsies from lean controls or predominantly sc or intraabdominally obese persons with minimal comorbidity (n = 60, cohort 1), or from severely obese women with a significant rate of comorbidity (n = 29, cohort 2). RESULTS Elevated macrophage infiltration into OM vs. sc fat was observable in lean subjects and exaggerated by obesity, particularly if predominantly intraabdominal. This was paralleled by increased monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1) and colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF1) mRNA levels. Level of CSF1 and MCP1 mRNA correlated with the number of OM macrophages (r = 0.521, P < 0.0001 and r = 0.258, P < 0.051, respectively). In severely obese women (mean body mass index = 43.0 +/- 1.1 kg/m(2)), higher protein expression of both MCP1 and CSF1 was detected in OM vs. sc fat. Number of OM macrophages, but not of sc macrophages, correlated with waist circumference (r = 0.636, P = 0.001 vs. r = 0.170, P = 0.427) and with the number of metabolic syndrome parameters (r = 0.385, P = 0.065 vs. r = -0.158, P = 0.472, respectively). Preferential macrophage infiltration into OM fat was mainly observed in a subgroup in whom obesity was associated with impaired glucose homeostasis. CONCLUSIONS Preferential macrophage infiltration into OM fat is a general phenomenon exaggerated by central obesity, potentially linking central adiposity with increased risk of diabetes and coronary heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilana Harman-Boehm
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Creely SJ, McTernan PG, Kusminski CM, Fisher FM, Da Silva NF, Khanolkar M, Evans M, Harte AL, Kumar S. Lipopolysaccharide activates an innate immune system response in human adipose tissue in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2007; 292:E740-7. [PMID: 17090751 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00302.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 684] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. Adipose tissue (AT) may represent an important site of inflammation. 3T3-L1 studies have demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activates toll-like receptors (TLRs) to cause inflammation. For this study, we 1) examined activation of TLRs and adipocytokines by LPS in human abdominal subcutaneous (AbdSc) adipocytes, 2) examined blockade of NF-kappaB in human AbdSc adipocytes, 3) examined the innate immune pathway in AbdSc AT from lean, obese, and T2DM subjects, and 4) examined the association of circulating LPS in T2DM subjects. The findings showed that LPS increased TLR-2 protein expression twofold (P<0.05). Treatment of AbdSc adipocytes with LPS caused a significant increase in TNF-alpha and IL-6 secretion (IL-6, CONTROL: 2.7+/-0.5 vs. LPS: 4.8+/-0.3 ng/ml; P<0.001; TNF-alpha, CONTROL 1.0+/-0.83 vs. LPS: 32.8+/-6.23 pg/ml; P<0.001). NF-kappaB inhibitor reduced IL-6 in AbdSc adipocytes ( CONTROL 2.7+/-0.5 vs. NF-kappaB inhibitor: 2.1+/-0.4 ng/ml; P<0.001). AbdSc AT protein expression for TLR-2, MyD88, TRAF6, and NF-kappaB was increased in T2DM patients (P<0.05), and TLR-2, TRAF-6, and NF-kappaB were increased in LPS-treated adipocytes (P<0.05). Circulating LPS was 76% higher in T2DM subjects compared with matched controls. LPS correlated with insulin in controls (r=0.678, P<0.0001). Rosiglitazone (RSG) significantly reduced both fasting serum insulin levels (reduced by 51%, P=0.0395) and serum LPS (reduced by 35%, P=0.0139) in a subgroup of previously untreated T2DM patients. In summary, our results suggest that T2DM is associated with increased endotoxemia, with AT able to initiate an innate immune response. Thus, increased adiposity may increase proinflammatory cytokines and therefore contribute to the pathogenic risk of T2DM.
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MESH Headings
- Adipocytes, White/drug effects
- Adipocytes, White/immunology
- Adipocytes, White/metabolism
- Adult
- Aged
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Female
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate/drug effects
- Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/metabolism
- NF-kappa B/antagonists & inhibitors
- Obesity/blood
- Obesity/immunology
- Obesity/pathology
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/drug effects
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/immunology
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/metabolism
- TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6/metabolism
- Toll-Like Receptors/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Creely
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Laboratories, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Warwick Medical School, Clinical Sciences Bldg., University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, West Midlands, UK
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