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Radtke AJ, Roschewski M. The follicular lymphoma tumor microenvironment at single-cell and spatial resolution. Blood 2024; 143:1069-1079. [PMID: 38194685 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023020999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Follicular lymphoma (FL) is a generally incurable malignancy that originates from developmentally blocked germinal center B cells residing, primarily, within lymph nodes (LNs). During the long natural history of FL, malignant B cells often disseminate to multiple LNs and can affect virtually any organ. Nonmalignant LNs are highly organized structures distributed throughout the body, in which they perform functions critical for host defense. In FL, the malignant B cells "re-educate" the lymphoid environment by altering the phenotype, distribution, and abundance of other cells such as T cells, macrophages, and subsets of stromal cells. Consequently, dramatic anatomical changes occur and include alterations in the number, shape, and size of neoplastic follicles with an accompanying attenuation of the T-cell zone. Ongoing and dynamic interactions between FL B cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) result in significant clinical heterogeneity observed both within and across patients. Over time, FL evolves into pathological variants associated with distinct outcomes, ranging from an indolent disease to more aggressive clinical courses with early death. Given the importance of both cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors in shaping disease progression and patient survival, comprehensive examination of FL tumors is critical. Here, we describe the cellular composition and architecture of normal and malignant human LNs and provide a broad overview of emerging technologies for deconstructing the FL TME at single-cell and spatial resolution. We additionally discuss the importance of capturing samples at landmark time points as well as longitudinally for clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J Radtke
- Lymphocyte Biology Section and Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Mark Roschewski
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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2
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Radtke AJ, Postovalova E, Varlamova A, Bagaev A, Sorokina M, Kudryashova O, Meerson M, Polyakova M, Galkin I, Svekolkin V, Isaev S, Wiebe D, Sharun A, Sarachakov A, Perelman G, Lozinsky Y, Yaniv Z, Lowekamp BC, Speranza E, Yao L, Pittaluga S, Shaffer AL, Jonigk D, Phelan JD, Davies-Hill T, Huang DW, Ovcharov P, Nomie K, Nuzhdina E, Kotlov N, Ataullakhanov R, Fowler N, Kelly M, Muppidi J, Davis JL, Hernandez JM, Wilson WH, Jaffe ES, Staudt LM, Roschewski M, Germain RN. Multi-omic profiling of follicular lymphoma reveals changes in tissue architecture and enhanced stromal remodeling in high-risk patients. Cancer Cell 2024; 42:444-463.e10. [PMID: 38428410 PMCID: PMC10966827 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Follicular lymphoma (FL) is a generally incurable malignancy that evolves from developmentally blocked germinal center (GC) B cells. To promote survival and immune escape, tumor B cells undergo significant genetic changes and extensively remodel the lymphoid microenvironment. Dynamic interactions between tumor B cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) are hypothesized to contribute to the broad spectrum of clinical behaviors observed among FL patients. Despite the urgent need, existing clinical tools do not reliably predict disease behavior. Using a multi-modal strategy, we examined cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors governing progression and therapeutic outcomes in FL patients enrolled onto a prospective clinical trial. By leveraging the strengths of each platform, we identify several tumor-specific features and microenvironmental patterns enriched in individuals who experience early relapse, the most high-risk FL patients. These features include stromal desmoplasia and changes to the follicular growth pattern present 20 months before first progression and first relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J Radtke
- Lymphocyte Biology Section and Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ziv Yaniv
- Bioinformatics and Computational Bioscience Branch, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bradley C Lowekamp
- Bioinformatics and Computational Bioscience Branch, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Emily Speranza
- Lymphocyte Biology Section and Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Port Saint Lucie, FL 34987, USA
| | - Li Yao
- Li Yao Visuals, Rockville, MD 20855, USA
| | | | - Arthur L Shaffer
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Tumor Targeted Delivery, Heme Malignancy Target Discovery Group, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Danny Jonigk
- Institute of Pathology, Aachen Medical University, RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - James D Phelan
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Da Wei Huang
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael Kelly
- CCR Single Analysis Facility, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jagan Muppidi
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jeremy L Davis
- Surgical Oncology Program, Metastasis Biology Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jonathan M Hernandez
- Surgical Oncology Program, Metastasis Biology Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Elaine S Jaffe
- Laboratory of Pathology, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Louis M Staudt
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mark Roschewski
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ronald N Germain
- Lymphocyte Biology Section and Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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3
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Bialy N, Alber F, Andrews B, Angelo M, Beliveau B, Bintu L, Boettiger A, Boehm U, Brown CM, Maina MB, Chambers JJ, Cimini BA, Eliceiri K, Errington R, Faklaris O, Gaudreault N, Germain RN, Goscinski W, Grunwald D, Halter M, Hanein D, Hickey JW, Lacoste J, Laude A, Lundberg E, Ma J, Malacrida L, Moore J, Nelson G, Neumann EK, Nitschke R, Onami S, Pimentel JA, Plant AL, Radtke AJ, Sabata B, Schapiro D, Schöneberg J, Spraggins JM, Sudar D, Adrien Maria Vierdag WM, Volkmann N, Wählby C, Wang SS, Yaniv Z, Strambio-De-Castillia C. Harmonizing the Generation and Pre-publication Stewardship of FAIR Image data. ArXiv 2024:arXiv:2401.13022v4. [PMID: 38351940 PMCID: PMC10862930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Together with the molecular knowledge of genes and proteins, biological images promise to significantly enhance the scientific understanding of complex cellular systems and to advance predictive and personalized therapeutic products for human health. For this potential to be realized, quality-assured image data must be shared among labs at a global scale to be compared, pooled, and reanalyzed, thus unleashing untold potential beyond the original purpose for which the data was generated. There are two broad sets of requirements to enable image data sharing in the life sciences. One set of requirements is articulated in the companion White Paper entitled "Enabling Global Image Data Sharing in the Life Sciences," which is published in parallel and addresses the need to build the cyberinfrastructure for sharing the digital array data (arXiv:2401.13023 [q-bio.OT], https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2401.13023). In this White Paper, we detail a broad set of requirements, which involves collecting, managing, presenting, and propagating contextual information essential to assess the quality, understand the content, interpret the scientific implications, and reuse image data in the context of the experimental details. We start by providing an overview of the main lessons learned to date through international community activities, which have recently made considerable progress toward generating community standard practices for imaging Quality Control (QC) and metadata. We then provide a clear set of recommendations for amplifying this work. The driving goal is to address remaining challenges, and democratize access to common practices and tools for a spectrum of biomedical researchers, regardless of their expertise, access to resources, and geographical location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki Bialy
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Beth A Cimini
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Imaging Platform, Cambridge, USA
| | - Kevin Eliceiri
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, USA
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ronald N Germain
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | | | | | - Michael Halter
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA
| | | | | | | | - Alex Laude
- Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Emma Lundberg
- Stanford University, Palo Alto, USA
- SciLifeLab, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jian Ma
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Leonel Malacrida
- Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, & Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Josh Moore
- German BioImaging-Gesellschaft für Mikroskopie und Bildanalyse e.V., Constance, Germany
| | - Glyn Nelson
- Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | | | - Shuichi Onami
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Anne L Plant
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA
| | - Andrea J Radtke
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Damir Sudar
- Quantitative Imaging Systems LLC, Portland, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Ziv Yaniv
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
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4
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Schrom EC, McCaffrey EF, Radtke AJ, Speranza E, Arakkal L, Thakur N, Grant S, Germain RN. Spatial Patterning Analysis of Cellular Ensembles (SPACE) enables statistically robust discovery of complex spatial organization at the cell and tissue level. bioRxiv 2023:2023.12.08.570837. [PMID: 38168288 PMCID: PMC10760187 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.08.570837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Spatial patterns of cells and other entities drive both physiologic and pathologic processes within tissues. While many imaging and transcriptomic methods document tissue organization, discerning these patterns is challenging, especially when they involve multiple entities in complex arrangements. To address this challenge, we present Spatial Patterning Analysis of Cellular Ensembles (SPACE), an R package for analysis of high-plex tissue images generated using any collection modality. Unlike existing platforms, SPACE detects context-dependent associations, quantitative gradients and orientations, and other organizational complexities. Via a robust information theoretic framework, SPACE explores all possible ensembles - single entities, pairs, triplets, and so on - and ranks the strongest patterns of tissue organization. Using lymph node images for which ground truth has been defined, we validate SPACE and demonstrate its advantages. We then use SPACE to reanalyze a public dataset of human tuberculosis granulomas, verifying known patterns and discovering new patterns with possible insights into disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward C Schrom
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1892, USA
| | - Erin F McCaffrey
- T-Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1892, USA
| | - Andrea J Radtke
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1892, USA
- Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1892, USA
| | - Emily Speranza
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Port Saint Lucie, FL 34987, USA
| | - Leanne Arakkal
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1892, USA
| | - Nishant Thakur
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1892, USA
- Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1892, USA
| | - Spencer Grant
- Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1892, USA
| | - Ronald N Germain
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1892, USA
- Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1892, USA
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5
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Yayon N, Kedlian VR, Boehme L, Suo C, Wachter B, Beuschel RT, Amsalem O, Polanski K, Koplev S, Tuck E, Dann E, Van Hulle J, Perera S, Putteman T, Predeus AV, Dabrowska M, Richardson L, Tudor C, Kreins AY, Engelbert J, Stephenson E, Kleshchevnikov V, De Rita F, Crossland D, Bosticardo M, Pala F, Prigmore E, Chipampe NJ, Prete M, Fei L, To K, Barker RA, He X, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Bayraktar O, Patel M, Davies GE, Haniffa MA, Uhlmann V, Notarangelo LD, Germain RN, Radtke AJ, Marioni JC, Taghon T, Teichmann SA. A spatial human thymus cell atlas mapped to a continuous tissue axis. bioRxiv 2023:2023.10.25.562925. [PMID: 37986877 PMCID: PMC10659407 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.25.562925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
T cells develop from circulating precursors, which enter the thymus and migrate throughout specialised sub-compartments to support maturation and selection. This process starts already in early fetal development and is highly active until the involution of the thymus in adolescence. To map the micro-anatomical underpinnings of this process in pre- vs. post-natal states, we undertook a spatially resolved analysis and established a new quantitative morphological framework for the thymus, the Cortico-Medullary Axis. Using this axis in conjunction with the curation of a multimodal single-cell, spatial transcriptomics and high-resolution multiplex imaging atlas, we show that canonical thymocyte trajectories and thymic epithelial cells are highly organised and fully established by post-conception week 12, pinpoint TEC progenitor states, find that TEC subsets and peripheral tissue genes are associated with Hassall's Corpuscles and uncover divergence in the pace and drivers of medullary entry between CD4 vs. CD8 T cell lineages. These findings are complemented with a holistic toolkit for spatial analysis and annotation, providing a basis for a detailed understanding of T lymphocyte development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadav Yayon
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cellular Genetics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lena Boehme
- Ghent University, Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chenqu Suo
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cellular Genetics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Brianna Wachter
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Rebecca T Beuschel
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Lymphocyte Biology Section and Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Oren Amsalem
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Simon Koplev
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cellular Genetics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Tuck
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cellular Genetics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Dann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cellular Genetics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jolien Van Hulle
- Ghent University, Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Shani Perera
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cellular Genetics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Putteman
- Ghent University, Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Monika Dabrowska
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cellular Genetics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Richardson
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cellular Genetics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Tudor
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cellular Genetics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra Y Kreins
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Immunology and Gene Therapy, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Research & Teaching Department, London, United Kingdom
| | - Justin Engelbert
- Newcastle University, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Stephenson
- Newcastle University, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Fabrizio De Rita
- Freeman Hospital, Department of Adult Congenital Heart Disease and Paediatric Cardiology/Cardiothoracic Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - David Crossland
- Freeman Hospital, Department of Adult Congenital Heart Disease and Paediatric Cardiology/Cardiothoracic Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Marita Bosticardo
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Francesca Pala
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Elena Prigmore
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cellular Genetics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Martin Prete
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cellular Genetics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lijiang Fei
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cellular Genetics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ken To
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cellular Genetics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Roger A Barker
- University of Cambridge, John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaoling He
- University of Cambridge, John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Filip Van Nieuwerburgh
- Ghent University, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Omer Bayraktar
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cellular Genetics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Minal Patel
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cellular Genetics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Graham E Davies
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Immunology and Gene Therapy, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Research & Teaching Department, London, United Kingdom
| | - Muzlifah A Haniffa
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cellular Genetics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Newcastle University, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Virginie Uhlmann
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ronald N Germain
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Lymphocyte Biology Section and Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Andrea J Radtke
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Lymphocyte Biology Section and Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - John C Marioni
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- University of Cambridge, Cancer Research UK, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Taghon
- Ghent University, Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sarah A Teichmann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cellular Genetics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- University of Cambridge, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Mehrara BJ, Radtke AJ, Randolph GJ, Wachter BT, Greenwel P, Rovira II, Galis ZS, Muratoglu SC. The emerging importance of lymphatics in health and disease: an NIH workshop report. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e171582. [PMID: 37655664 PMCID: PMC10471172 DOI: 10.1172/jci171582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic system (LS) is composed of lymphoid organs and a network of vessels that transport interstitial fluid, antigens, lipids, cholesterol, immune cells, and other materials in the body. Abnormal development or malfunction of the LS has been shown to play a key role in the pathophysiology of many disease states. Thus, improved understanding of the anatomical and molecular characteristics of the LS may provide approaches for disease prevention or treatment. Recent advances harnessing single-cell technologies, clinical imaging, discovery of biomarkers, and computational tools have led to the development of strategies to study the LS. This Review summarizes the outcomes of the NIH workshop entitled "Yet to be Charted: Lymphatic System in Health and Disease," held in September 2022, with emphasis on major areas for advancement. International experts showcased the current state of knowledge regarding the LS and highlighted remaining challenges and opportunities to advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak J. Mehrara
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andrea J. Radtke
- Lymphocyte Biology Section and Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Gwendalyn J. Randolph
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Brianna T. Wachter
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Patricia Greenwel
- Division of Digestive Diseases & Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, and
| | - Ilsa I. Rovira
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Zorina S. Galis
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Selen C. Muratoglu
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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7
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Quardokus EM, Saunders DC, McDonough E, Hickey JW, Werlein C, Surrette C, Rajbhandari P, Casals AM, Tian H, Lowery L, Neumann EK, Björklund F, Neelakantan TV, Croteau J, Wiblin AE, Fisher J, Livengood AJ, Dowell KG, Silverstein JC, Spraggins JM, Pryhuber GS, Deutsch G, Ginty F, Nolan GP, Melov S, Jonigk D, Caldwell MA, Vlachos IS, Muller W, Gehlenborg N, Stockwell BR, Lundberg E, Snyder MP, Germain RN, Camarillo JM, Kelleher NL, Börner K, Radtke AJ. Organ Mapping Antibody Panels: a community resource for standardized multiplexed tissue imaging. Nat Methods 2023; 20:1174-1178. [PMID: 37468619 PMCID: PMC10406602 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-023-01846-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Multiplexed antibody-based imaging enables the detailed characterization of molecular and cellular organization in tissues. Advances in the field now allow high-parameter data collection (>60 targets); however, considerable expertise and capital are needed to construct the antibody panels employed by these methods. Organ mapping antibody panels are community-validated resources that save time and money, increase reproducibility, accelerate discovery and support the construction of a Human Reference Atlas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen M Quardokus
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Diane C Saunders
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Diabetes Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - John W Hickey
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Presha Rajbhandari
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anna Martinez Casals
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hua Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth K Neumann
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Frida Björklund
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Josh Croteau
- Department of Business Development, BioLegend Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Anne E Wiblin
- Department of Research and Development, Abcam PLC, Discovery Drive, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jeremy Fisher
- Department of Research and Development, Cell Signaling Technology, Inc., Danvers, MA, USA
| | - April J Livengood
- Department of Protein and Cell Analysis, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | | | - Jonathan C Silverstein
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Spraggins
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Gloria S Pryhuber
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Gail Deutsch
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Garry P Nolan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Simon Melov
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | - Danny Jonigk
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH University of Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael A Caldwell
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences and the Proteomics Center of Excellence, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Ioannis S Vlachos
- Spatial Technologies Unit, Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Werner Muller
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. and Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nils Gehlenborg
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brent R Stockwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emma Lundberg
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ronald N Germain
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, Lymphocyte Biology Section and Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeannie M Camarillo
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences and the Proteomics Center of Excellence, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Inotiv, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Neil L Kelleher
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences and the Proteomics Center of Excellence, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Katy Börner
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Andrea J Radtke
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, Lymphocyte Biology Section and Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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8
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Singhal D, Börner K, Chaikof EL, Detmar M, Hollmén M, Iliff JJ, Itkin M, Makinen T, Oliver G, Padera TP, Quardokus EM, Radtke AJ, Suami H, Weber GM, Rovira II, Muratoglu SC, Galis ZS. Mapping the lymphatic system across body scales and expertise domains: A report from the 2021 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute workshop at the Boston Lymphatic Symposium. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1099403. [PMID: 36814475 PMCID: PMC9939837 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1099403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhancing our understanding of lymphatic anatomy from the microscopic to the anatomical scale is essential to discern how the structure and function of the lymphatic system interacts with different tissues and organs within the body and contributes to health and disease. The knowledge of molecular aspects of the lymphatic network is fundamental to understand the mechanisms of disease progression and prevention. Recent advances in mapping components of the lymphatic system using state of the art single cell technologies, the identification of novel biomarkers, new clinical imaging efforts, and computational tools which attempt to identify connections between these diverse technologies hold the potential to catalyze new strategies to address lymphatic diseases such as lymphedema and lipedema. This manuscript summarizes current knowledge of the lymphatic system and identifies prevailing challenges and opportunities to advance the field of lymphatic research as discussed by the experts in the workshop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruv Singhal
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Katy Börner
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Elliot L. Chaikof
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michael Detmar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Maija Hollmén
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jeffrey J. Iliff
- VISN 20 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA Puget Sound Healthcare System, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Maxim Itkin
- Center for Lymphatic Imaging and Interventions, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Taija Makinen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Guillermo Oliver
- Center for Vascular and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Timothy P. Padera
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ellen M. Quardokus
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Andrea J. Radtke
- Lymphocyte Biology Section and Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Hiroo Suami
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Australian Lymphoedema Education, Research and Treatment Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Griffin M. Weber
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ilsa I. Rovira
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Selen C. Muratoglu
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Zorina S. Galis
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
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9
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Xu Q, Milanez-Almeida P, Martins AJ, Radtke AJ, Hoehn KB, Oguz C, Chen J, Liu C, Tang J, Grubbs G, Stein S, Ramelli S, Kabat J, Behzadpour H, Karkanitsa M, Spathies J, Kalish H, Kardava L, Kirby M, Cheung F, Preite S, Duncker PC, Kitakule MM, Romero N, Preciado D, Gitman L, Koroleva G, Smith G, Shaffer A, McBain IT, McGuire PJ, Pittaluga S, Germain RN, Apps R, Schwartz DM, Sadtler K, Moir S, Chertow DS, Kleinstein SH, Khurana S, Tsang JS, Mudd P, Schwartzberg PL, Manthiram K. Adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 persist in the pharyngeal lymphoid tissue of children. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:186-199. [PMID: 36536106 PMCID: PMC10777159 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01367-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Most studies of adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection focus on peripheral blood, which may not fully reflect immune responses at the site of infection. Using samples from 110 children undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy during the COVID-19 pandemic, we identified 24 samples with evidence of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, including neutralizing antibodies in serum and SARS-CoV-2-specific germinal center and memory B cells in the tonsils and adenoids. Single-cell B cell receptor (BCR) sequencing indicated virus-specific BCRs were class-switched and somatically hypermutated, with overlapping clones in the two tissues. Expanded T cell clonotypes were found in tonsils, adenoids and blood post-COVID-19, some with CDR3 sequences identical to previously reported SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cell receptors (TCRs). Pharyngeal tissues from COVID-19-convalescent children showed persistent expansion of germinal center and antiviral lymphocyte populations associated with interferon (IFN)-γ-type responses, particularly in the adenoids, and viral RNA in both tissues. Our results provide evidence for persistent tissue-specific immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in the upper respiratory tract of children after infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xu
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Andrew J Martins
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, LISB, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrea J Radtke
- Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, LISB, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth B Hoehn
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cihan Oguz
- NIAID Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (NCBR), NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Axle Informatics, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jinguo Chen
- Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Can Liu
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, LISB, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juanjie Tang
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Gabrielle Grubbs
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Sydney Stein
- Emerging Pathogens Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center (CC), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sabrina Ramelli
- Emerging Pathogens Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center (CC), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juraj Kabat
- Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, LISB, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hengameh Behzadpour
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Maria Karkanitsa
- Laboratory of Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jacquelyn Spathies
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, NIBIB, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Heather Kalish
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, NIBIB, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lela Kardava
- B-cell Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Martha Kirby
- National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Foo Cheung
- Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Silvia Preite
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Nahir Romero
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Diego Preciado
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lyuba Gitman
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Grace Smith
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arthur Shaffer
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ian T McBain
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peter J McGuire
- National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stefania Pittaluga
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ronald N Germain
- Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, LISB, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, LISB, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Richard Apps
- Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- Laboratory of Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Susan Moir
- B-cell Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel S Chertow
- Emerging Pathogens Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center (CC), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steven H Kleinstein
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Surender Khurana
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - John S Tsang
- Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, LISB, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pamela Mudd
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Pamela L Schwartzberg
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
- National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Kalpana Manthiram
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
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10
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Gola A, Dorrington MG, Speranza E, Sala C, Shih RM, Radtke AJ, Wong HS, Baptista AP, Hernandez JM, Castellani G, Fraser IDC, Germain RN. Author Correction: Commensal-driven immune zonation of the liver promotes host defence. Nature 2022; 611:E7. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05462-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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11
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Radtke AJ. Abstract IA31: A multi-scale, multiomic atlas of human and follicular lymphoma lymph nodes. Blood Cancer Discov 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/2643-3249.lymphoma22-ia31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Reference atlases, molecular and spatial maps of mammalian tissues, are critical resources for discovery efforts and translational research. Their utility is dependent on operationalizing the resulting data by identifying cell types, histological patterns, and predictive biomarkers underlying health and disease. The human lymph node (LN) offers a compelling use case because of its importance in immunity, structural and cellular diversity, and neoplastic involvement. One hematological malignancy, follicular lymphoma (FL), evolves from developmentally blocked germinal center B cells residing in and trafficking through these tissues. To promote survival and immune escape, tumor B cells undergo significant genetic changes and extensively remodel the lymphoid microenvironment. Here, we present an integrated portrait of healthy and FL LNs using multiple genomic and advanced imaging technologies. By leveraging the strengths of each platform, we identified several tumor-specific features and microenvironmental patterns enriched in individuals who experience early relapse, the most high-risk of FL patients.
Citation Format: Andrea J. Radtke. A multi-scale, multiomic atlas of human and follicular lymphoma lymph nodes [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Meeting: Advances in Malignant Lymphoma: Maximizing the Basic-Translational Interface for Clinical Application; 2022 Jun 23-26; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Blood Cancer Discov 2022;3(5_Suppl):Abstract nr IA31.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J. Radtke
- 1Lymphocyte Biology Section and Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
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12
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Radtke AJ, Lukacs JM, Praskievicz NE, Muratoglu SC, Rovira II, Galis ZS. The centuries long pursuit to map the human lymphatic system. Nat Med 2022; 28:1518-1520. [PMID: 35681105 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-01865-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J Radtke
- Lymphocyte Biology Section and Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Jessica M Lukacs
- Division of Scientific Categorization and Analysis, Office of Research Reporting and Analysis, Office of Extramural Research, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nancy E Praskievicz
- Division of Scientific Categorization and Analysis, Office of Research Reporting and Analysis, Office of Extramural Research, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Selen C Muratoglu
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ilsa I Rovira
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zorina S Galis
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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13
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Arroyo-Mejías AJ, Ichise H, Chu C, Hor JL, Yaniv Z, Kabat J, Croteau J, Lowekamp B, Radtke AJ, Germain RN. 3D-IBEX: Achieving multiplex 3-dimensional imaging for deep phenotyping of cells in tissues. The Journal of Immunology 2022. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.208.supp.116.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
2D multiplexed antibody-based imaging provides a framework to study cell-cell interactions in thin tissue sections but lacks the ability to interrogate spatial relationships in larger 3D anatomical structures. Several methods for 3D imaging of optically cleared tissue exist, but current approaches do not provide the marker depth afforded by high content 2D imaging. To overcome this constraint, we combined a fast hydrophilic tissue clearing technique, clearing-enhanced 3D (Ce3D), with the recently developed Iterative Bleaching Extends Multiplexity (IBEX) technique, and created 3D-IBEX. 3D-IBEX offers a high-resolution multiplex 3D imaging method. It has been used to analyze murine lung, lymph nodes, retina, and cornea as well as human retina and jejunum, yielding seamless views of large-scale tissue structures while obtaining single-cell resolution of multiple markers, permitting the identification of discrete cell subsets and structures. To date, up to 15 markers have been visualized in a single sample using 3 iterative staining and imaging cycles. This represents a major advance in the emerging field of multiplexed high-resolution 3D imaging but requires further refinements to address issues such as slow antibody penetration, the need for new computational algorithms to process large datasets, and implementation of methods for optimal registration of iterative images. When fully realized, 3D-IBEX will open new avenues for characterization of rare cell subsets missed in thin tissue sections, visualization of structures like nerves and vessels whose trajectories in a tissue are disrupted by sectioning, and delineation of mesoscale tissue domains that contribute to homeostasis and are often the substrates for pathology.
Intramural NIAID Research Opportunities (INRO) program.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroshi Ichise
- 1Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH
| | - Colin Chu
- 2Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jyh Liang Hor
- 1Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH
| | - Ziv Yaniv
- 3Bioinformatics and Computational Bioscience Branch, NIAID, NIH
| | - Juraj Kabat
- 4Biological Imaging Section, Research Technologies Branch, NIAID, NIH
| | | | | | - Andrea J. Radtke
- 1Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH
- 6Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH
| | - Ronald N. Germain
- 1Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH
- 6Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH
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14
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Xu Q, Milanez-Almeida P, Martins AJ, Radtke AJ, Hoehn KB, Chen J, Liu C, Tang J, Grubbs G, Stein S, Ramelli S, Kabat J, Behzadpour H, Karkanitsa M, Spathies J, Kalish H, Kardava L, Kirby M, Cheung F, Preite S, Duncker PC, Romero N, Preciado D, Gitman L, Koroleva G, Smith G, Shaffer A, McBain IT, Pittaluga S, Germain RN, Apps R, Sadtler K, Moir S, Chertow DS, Kleinstein SH, Khurana S, Tsang JS, Mudd P, Schwartzberg PL, Manthiram K. Robust, persistent adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in the oropharyngeal lymphoid tissue of children. Res Sq 2022:rs.3.rs-1276578. [PMID: 35350206 PMCID: PMC8963700 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1276578/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers adaptive immune responses from both T and B cells. However, most studies focus on peripheral blood, which may not fully reflect immune responses in lymphoid tissues at the site of infection. To evaluate both local and systemic adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2, we collected peripheral blood, tonsils, and adenoids from 110 children undergoing tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy during the COVID-19 pandemic and found 24 with evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, including detectable neutralizing antibodies against multiple viral variants. We identified SARS-CoV-2-specific germinal center (GC) and memory B cells; single cell BCR sequencing showed that these virus-specific B cells were class-switched and somatically hypermutated, with overlapping clones in the adenoids and tonsils. Oropharyngeal tissues from COVID-19-convalescent children showed persistent expansion of GC and anti-viral lymphocyte populations associated with an IFN-γ-type response, with particularly prominent changes in the adenoids, as well as evidence of persistent viral RNA in both tonsil and adenoid tissues of many participants. Our results show robust, tissue-specific adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in the upper respiratory tract of children weeks to months after acute infection, providing evidence of persistent localized immunity to this respiratory virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xu
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | - Andrea J. Radtke
- Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, LISB, NIAID, NIH Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Jinguo Chen
- Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Can Liu
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, LISB, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Juanjie Tang
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD
| | - Gabrielle Grubbs
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD
| | - Sydney Stein
- Emerging Pathogens Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center (CC), NIH, Bethesda, MD
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sabrina Ramelli
- Emerging Pathogens Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center (CC), NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Juraj Kabat
- Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, LISB, NIAID, NIH Bethesda, MD
| | - Hengameh Behzadpour
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Maria Karkanitsa
- Laboratory of Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jacquelyn Spathies
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, NIBIB, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Heather Kalish
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, NIBIB, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Lela Kardava
- B-cell Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Martha Kirby
- National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Foo Cheung
- Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Silvia Preite
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Nahir Romero
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Diego Preciado
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Lyuba Gitman
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | | | - Grace Smith
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Arthur Shaffer
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ian T. McBain
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | - Stefania Pittaluga
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ronald N. Germain
- Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, LISB, NIAID, NIH Bethesda, MD
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, LISB, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Richard Apps
- Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- Laboratory of Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Susan Moir
- B-cell Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Daniel S. Chertow
- Emerging Pathogens Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center (CC), NIH, Bethesda, MD
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Steven H. Kleinstein
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Surender Khurana
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD
| | - John S. Tsang
- Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, LISB, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Pamela Mudd
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Pamela L. Schwartzberg
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
- National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kalpana Manthiram
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
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15
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Hickey JW, Neumann EK, Radtke AJ, Camarillo JM, Beuschel RT, Albanese A, McDonough E, Hatler J, Wiblin AE, Fisher J, Croteau J, Small EC, Sood A, Caprioli RM, Angelo RM, Nolan GP, Chung K, Hewitt SM, Germain RN, Spraggins JM, Lundberg E, Snyder MP, Kelleher NL, Saka SK. Spatial mapping of protein composition and tissue organization: a primer for multiplexed antibody-based imaging. Nat Methods 2022; 19:284-295. [PMID: 34811556 PMCID: PMC9264278 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-021-01316-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tissues and organs are composed of distinct cell types that must operate in concert to perform physiological functions. Efforts to create high-dimensional biomarker catalogs of these cells have been largely based on single-cell sequencing approaches, which lack the spatial context required to understand critical cellular communication and correlated structural organization. To probe in situ biology with sufficient depth, several multiplexed protein imaging methods have been recently developed. Though these technologies differ in strategy and mode of immunolabeling and detection tags, they commonly utilize antibodies directed against protein biomarkers to provide detailed spatial and functional maps of complex tissues. As these promising antibody-based multiplexing approaches become more widely adopted, new frameworks and considerations are critical for training future users, generating molecular tools, validating antibody panels, and harmonizing datasets. In this Perspective, we provide essential resources, key considerations for obtaining robust and reproducible imaging data, and specialized knowledge from domain experts and technology developers.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Hickey
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Neumann
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Andrea J Radtke
- Lymphocyte Biology Section and Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Jeannie M Camarillo
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences and the National Resource for Translational and Developmental Proteomics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Rebecca T Beuschel
- Lymphocyte Biology Section and Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexandre Albanese
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Boston Children's Hospital, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Julia Hatler
- Antibody Development Department, Bio-Techne, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Anne E Wiblin
- Department of Research and Development, Abcam, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jeremy Fisher
- Department of Research and Development, Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA
| | - Josh Croteau
- Department of Applications Science, BioLegend, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Richard M Caprioli
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - R Michael Angelo
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Garry P Nolan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kwanghun Chung
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei-IBS Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Stephen M Hewitt
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ronald N Germain
- Lymphocyte Biology Section and Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Spraggins
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Emma Lundberg
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Neil L Kelleher
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences and the National Resource for Translational and Developmental Proteomics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Sinem K Saka
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany.
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16
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Radtke AJ, Chu CJ, Yaniv Z, Yao L, Marr J, Beuschel RT, Ichise H, Gola A, Kabat J, Lowekamp B, Speranza E, Croteau J, Thakur N, Jonigk D, Davis JL, Hernandez JM, Germain RN. IBEX: an iterative immunolabeling and chemical bleaching method for high-content imaging of diverse tissues. Nat Protoc 2022; 17:378-401. [PMID: 35022622 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-021-00644-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
High-content imaging is needed to catalog the variety of cellular phenotypes and multicellular ecosystems present in metazoan tissues. We recently developed iterative bleaching extends multiplexity (IBEX), an iterative immunolabeling and chemical bleaching method that enables multiplexed imaging (>65 parameters) in diverse tissues, including human organs relevant for international consortia efforts. IBEX is compatible with >250 commercially available antibodies and 16 unique fluorophores, and can be easily adopted to different imaging platforms using slides and nonproprietary imaging chambers. The overall protocol consists of iterative cycles of antibody labeling, imaging and chemical bleaching that can be completed at relatively low cost in 2-5 d by biologists with basic laboratory skills. To support widespread adoption, we provide extensive details on tissue processing, curated lists of validated antibodies and tissue-specific panels for multiplex imaging. Furthermore, instructions are included on how to automate the method using competitively priced instruments and reagents. Finally, we present a software solution for image alignment that can be executed by individuals without programming experience using open-source software and freeware. In summary, IBEX is a noncommercial method that can be readily implemented by academic laboratories and scaled to achieve high-content mapping of diverse tissues in support of a Human Reference Atlas or other such applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J Radtke
- Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Colin J Chu
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ziv Yaniv
- Bioinformatics and Computational Bioscience Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Li Yao
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - James Marr
- Leica Microsystems Inc., Wetzlar, Germany
| | - Rebecca T Beuschel
- Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hiroshi Ichise
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anita Gola
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Robin Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Juraj Kabat
- Biological Imaging Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bradley Lowekamp
- Bioinformatics and Computational Bioscience Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Emily Speranza
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Innate Immunity and Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Joshua Croteau
- Department of Business Development, BioLegend, Inc, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Nishant Thakur
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Danny Jonigk
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Jeremy L Davis
- Surgical Oncology Program, Metastasis Biology Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jonathan M Hernandez
- Surgical Oncology Program, Metastasis Biology Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ronald N Germain
- Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. .,Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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17
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Germain RN, Radtke AJ, Thakur N, Schrom EC, Hor JL, Ichise H, Arroyo-Mejias AJ, Chu CJ, Grant S. Understanding immunity in a tissue-centric context: Combining novel imaging methods and mathematics to extract new insights into function and dysfunction. Immunol Rev 2021; 306:8-24. [PMID: 34918351 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A central question in immunology is what features allow the immune system to respond in a timely manner to a variety of pathogens encountered at unanticipated times and diverse body sites. Two decades of advanced and static dynamic imaging methods have now revealed several major principles facilitating host defense. Suborgan spatial prepositioning of distinct cells promotes time-efficient interactions upon pathogen sensing. Such pre-organization also provides an effective barrier to movement of pathogens from parenchymal tissues into the blood circulation. Various molecular mechanisms maintain effective intercellular communication among otherwise rapidly moving cells. These and related discoveries have benefited from recent increases in the number of parameters that can be measured simultaneously in a single tissue section and the extension of such multiplex analyses to 3D tissue volumes. The application of new computational methods to such imaging data has provided a quantitative, in vivo context for cell trafficking and signaling pathways traditionally explored in vitro or with dissociated cell preparations. Here, we summarize our efforts to devise and employ diverse imaging tools to probe immune system organization and function, concluding with a commentary on future developments, which we believe will reveal even more about how the immune system operates in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald N Germain
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrea J Radtke
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nishant Thakur
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Edward C Schrom
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jyh Liang Hor
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hiroshi Ichise
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Armando J Arroyo-Mejias
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Colin J Chu
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Spencer Grant
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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18
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Börner K, Teichmann SA, Quardokus EM, Gee JC, Browne K, Osumi-Sutherland D, Herr BW, Bueckle A, Paul H, Haniffa M, Jardine L, Bernard A, Ding SL, Miller JA, Lin S, Halushka MK, Boppana A, Longacre TA, Hickey J, Lin Y, Valerius MT, He Y, Pryhuber G, Sun X, Jorgensen M, Radtke AJ, Wasserfall C, Ginty F, Ho J, Sunshine J, Beuschel RT, Brusko M, Lee S, Malhotra R, Jain S, Weber G. Anatomical structures, cell types and biomarkers of the Human Reference Atlas. Nat Cell Biol 2021; 23:1117-1128. [PMID: 34750582 PMCID: PMC10079270 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-021-00788-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The Human Reference Atlas (HRA) aims to map all of the cells of the human body to advance biomedical research and clinical practice. This Perspective presents collaborative work by members of 16 international consortia on two essential and interlinked parts of the HRA: (1) three-dimensional representations of anatomy that are linked to (2) tables that name and interlink major anatomical structures, cell types, plus biomarkers (ASCT+B). We discuss four examples that demonstrate the practical utility of the HRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy Börner
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
| | - Sarah A Teichmann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ellen M Quardokus
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - James C Gee
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kristen Browne
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David Osumi-Sutherland
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bruce W Herr
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Andreas Bueckle
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Hrishikesh Paul
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Muzlifah Haniffa
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Laura Jardine
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | | | | | - Shin Lin
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marc K Halushka
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Avinash Boppana
- Department of Computer Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Teri A Longacre
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - John Hickey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yiing Lin
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - M Todd Valerius
- Harvard Institute of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yongqun He
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gloria Pryhuber
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Xin Sun
- Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marda Jorgensen
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Andrea J Radtke
- Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Clive Wasserfall
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Fiona Ginty
- Biology and Applied Physics, General Electric Research, Niskayuna, NY, USA
| | - Jonhan Ho
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Joel Sunshine
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rebecca T Beuschel
- Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maigan Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sujin Lee
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rajeev Malhotra
- Harvard Institute of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sanjay Jain
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Griffin Weber
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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19
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Gola A, Dorrington MG, Speranza E, Sala C, Shih RM, Radtke AJ, Wong HS, Baptista AP, Hernandez JM, Castellani G, Fraser IDC, Germain RN. Author Correction: Commensal-driven immune zonation of the liver promotes host defence. Nature 2021; 597:E1. [PMID: 34373651 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03346-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03346-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Gola
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. .,Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Michael G Dorrington
- Signaling Systems Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Emily Speranza
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Innate Immunity and Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Claudia Sala
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rochelle M Shih
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrea J Radtke
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Harikesh S Wong
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Antonio P Baptista
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jonathan M Hernandez
- Metastasis Biology Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gastone Castellani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Iain D C Fraser
- Signaling Systems Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ronald N Germain
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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20
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Grant SM, Lou M, Yao L, Germain RN, Radtke AJ. The lymph node at a glance - how spatial organization optimizes the immune response. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/5/jcs241828. [PMID: 32144196 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.241828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of the mammalian immune system is its ability to respond efficiently to foreign antigens without eliciting an inappropriate response to self-antigens. Furthermore, a robust immune response requires the coordination of a diverse range of cells present at low frequencies within the host. This problem is solved, in part, by concentrating antigens, antigen-presenting cells and antigen-responsive cells in lymph nodes (LNs). Beyond housing these cell types in one location, LNs are highly organized structures consisting of pre-positioned cells within well-defined microanatomical niches. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and accompanying poster, we outline the key cellular populations and components of the LN microenvironment that are present at steady state and chronicle the dynamic changes in these elements following an immune response. This review highlights the LN as a staging ground for both innate and adaptive immune responses, while providing an elegant example of how structure informs function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer M Grant
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 4 Memorial Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Meng Lou
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 4 Memorial Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Li Yao
- Science Education Department, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 4000 Jones Bridge Rd, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Ronald N Germain
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 4 Memorial Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Andrea J Radtke
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 4 Memorial Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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21
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Preite S, Cannons JL, Radtke AJ, Vujkovic-Cvijin I, Gomez-Rodriguez J, Volpi S, Huang B, Cheng J, Collins N, Reilley J, Handon R, Dobbs K, Huq L, Raman I, Zhu C, Li QZ, Li MO, Pittaluga S, Uzel G, Notarangelo LD, Belkaid Y, Germain RN, Schwartzberg PL. Hyperactivated PI3Kδ promotes self and commensal reactivity at the expense of optimal humoral immunity. Nat Immunol 2018; 19:986-1000. [PMID: 30127432 PMCID: PMC6140795 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-018-0182-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Gain-of-function mutations in the gene encoding the phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase catalytic subunit p110δ (PI3Kδ) result in a human primary immunodeficiency characterized by lymphoproliferation, respiratory infections and inefficient responses to vaccines. However, what promotes these immunological disturbances at the cellular and molecular level remains unknown. We generated a mouse model that recapitulated major features of this disease and used this model and patient samples to probe how hyperactive PI3Kδ fosters aberrant humoral immunity. We found that mutant PI3Kδ led to co-stimulatory receptor ICOS-independent increases in the abundance of follicular helper T cells (TFH cells) and germinal-center (GC) B cells, disorganized GCs and poor class-switched antigen-specific responses to immunization, associated with altered regulation of the transcription factor FOXO1 and pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic members of the BCL-2 family. Notably, aberrant responses were accompanied by increased reactivity to gut bacteria and a broad increase in autoantibodies that were dependent on stimulation by commensal microbes. Our findings suggest that proper regulation of PI3Kδ is critical for ensuring optimal host-protective humoral immunity despite tonic stimulation from the commensal microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Preite
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Jennifer L Cannons
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrea J Radtke
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ivan Vujkovic-Cvijin
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Julio Gomez-Rodriguez
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stefano Volpi
- Clinica Pediatrica e Reumatologia, Centro per le Malattie Autoinfiammatorie e Immunodeficienze, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Bonnie Huang
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jun Cheng
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nicholas Collins
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Julie Reilley
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robin Handon
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kerry Dobbs
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lutfi Huq
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Indu Raman
- Microarray Core Facility, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Chengsong Zhu
- Microarray Core Facility, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Quan-Zhen Li
- Microarray Core Facility, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ming O Li
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stefania Pittaluga
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gulbu Uzel
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yasmine Belkaid
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Microbiome Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ronald N Germain
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pamela L Schwartzberg
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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22
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Sayin I, Radtke AJ, Vella LA, Jin W, Wherry EJ, Buggert M, Betts MR, Herati RS, Germain RN, Canaday DH. Spatial distribution and function of T follicular regulatory cells in human lymph nodes. J Exp Med 2018; 215:1531-1542. [PMID: 29769249 PMCID: PMC5987920 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20171940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells are a population of CD4+ T cells that express regulatory T cell markers and have been shown to suppress humoral immunity. However, the precise mechanisms and location of Tfr-mediated suppression in the lymph node (LN) microenvironment are unknown. Using highly multiplexed quantitative imaging and functional assays, we examined the spatial distribution, suppressive function, and preferred interacting partners of Tfr cells in human mesenteric LNs. We find that the majority of Tfr cells express low levels of PD-1 and reside at the border between the T cell zone and B cell follicle, with very few found in the germinal centers (GCs). Although PD-1+ Tfr cells expressed higher levels of CD38, CTLA-4, and GARP than PD-1Neg Tfr cells, both potently suppressed antibody production in vitro. These findings highlight the phenotypic diversity of human Tfr cells and suggest that Tfr-mediated suppression is most efficient at the T-B border and within the follicle, not in the GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Sayin
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.,Cleveland Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Cleveland, OH.,Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Andrea J Radtke
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Laura A Vella
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Wenjie Jin
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.,Cleveland Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - E John Wherry
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Marcus Buggert
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael R Betts
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ramin S Herati
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA.,Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ronald N Germain
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - David H Canaday
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH .,Cleveland Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Cleveland, OH
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23
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Watanabe M, Fujihara C, Radtke AJ, Chiang YJ, Bhatia S, Germain RN, Hodes RJ. Co-stimulatory function in primary germinal center responses: CD40 and B7 are required on distinct antigen-presenting cells. J Exp Med 2017; 214:2795-2810. [PMID: 28768709 PMCID: PMC5584122 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20161955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Watanabe et al. report that, contrary to the prevailing paradigm, there are unique cellular requirements for B7 and CD40 expression in primary GC responses. B7 is required on DCs but not on B cells, whereas CD40 is required on B cells but not on DCs for generation of Tfh cells, GC B cells, and high-affinity class-switched antibody production. T cell–dependent germinal center (GC) responses require coordinated interactions of T cells with two antigen-presenting cell (APC) populations, B cells and dendritic cells (DCs), in the presence of B7- and CD40-dependent co-stimulatory pathways. Contrary to the prevailing paradigm, we found unique cellular requirements for B7 and CD40 expression in primary GC responses to vaccine immunization with protein antigen and adjuvant: B7 was required on DCs but was not required on B cells, whereas CD40 was required on B cells but not on DCs in the generation of antigen-specific follicular helper T cells, antigen-specific GC B cells, and high-affinity class-switched antibody production. There was, in fact, no requirement for coexpression of B7 and CD40 on the same cell in these responses. Our findings support a substantially revised model for co-stimulatory function in the primary GC response, with crucial and distinct contributions of B7- and CD40-dependent pathways expressed by different APC populations and with important implications for understanding how to optimize vaccine responses or limit autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Watanabe
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Chiharu Fujihara
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Andrea J Radtke
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Y Jeffrey Chiang
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sumeena Bhatia
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ronald N Germain
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Richard J Hodes
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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24
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Sayin I, Radtke AJ, Vella LA, Buggert M, Jin W, Wherry EJ, Germain RN, Betts MR, Herati RS, Canaday DH. Human T follicular regulatory cells (Tfr) able to inhibit antibody production are enriched at the lymph node T-B border and rare in germinal centers. The Journal of Immunology 2017. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.198.supp.152.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are a subset of CD4+ T cells that are critical for the formation of germinal centers (GCs) and the development of high affinity, class-switched antibodies. Tfh cells are differentiated in a Bcl6-dependent manner and are characterized by expression of the inhibitory receptor PD-1 along with CXCR5, a chemokine receptor that directs these cells to the follicle. More recently, T follicular regulatory cells (Tfr) have been shown to express regulatory T cell (Treg) markers and suppress humoral immunity. To date, much of our understanding of the function and distribution of Tfh and Tfr cells has been obtained from animal studies. Using highly multiplexed, quantitative imaging and functional assays, we examined the spatial distribution and suppressive function of human Tfr cells obtained from mesenteric lymph nodes. Here, we report that the majority of Tfr cells reside at the border between the T cell zone and B cell follicle and are rare within the GC, being far outnumbered by Tfh cells. In contrast to Tfh cells, Tfr cells expressed low to undetectable levels of PD-1 in situ yet potently suppressed antibody production in vitro. These findings reveal that Tfh and Tfr cells are spatially segregated within human lymph nodes and caution against using PD-1 expression levels as a phenotypic marker for human Tfr cells.
This research was supported in part by NIH R01, VA, and Intramural Research Program of the NIH, NIAID.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David H Canaday
- 1Case Western Reserve Univ
- 4Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Med. Ctr
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25
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Espinosa DA, Radtke AJ, Zavala F. Development and Assessment of Transgenic Rodent Parasites for the Preclinical Evaluation of Malaria Vaccines. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1403:583-601. [PMID: 27076155 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3387-7_33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Rodent transgenic parasites are useful tools for the preclinical evaluation of malaria vaccines. Over the last decade, several studies have reported the development of transgenic rodent parasites expressing P. falciparum antigens for the assessment of vaccine-induced immune responses, which traditionally have been limited to in vitro assays. However, the genetic manipulation of rodent Plasmodium species can have detrimental effects on the parasite's infectivity and development. In this chapter, we present a few guidelines for designing transfection plasmids, which should improve transfection efficiency and facilitate the generation of functional transgenic parasite strains. In addition, we provide a transfection protocol for the development of transgenic P. berghei parasites as well as practical methods to assess the viability and infectivity of these newly generated strains throughout different stages of their life cycle. These techniques should allow researchers to develop novel rodent malaria parasites expressing antigens from human malaria species and to determine whether these transgenic strains are fully infectious and thus represent stringent platforms for the in vivo evaluation of malaria vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Espinosa
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrea J Radtke
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fidel Zavala
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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26
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Riteau N, Radtke AJ, Shenderov K, Mittereder L, Oland SD, Hieny S, Jankovic D, Sher A. Water-in-Oil-Only Adjuvants Selectively Promote T Follicular Helper Cell Polarization through a Type I IFN and IL-6-Dependent Pathway. J Immunol 2016; 197:3884-3893. [PMID: 27798160 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are a subset of CD4+ T lymphocytes that promote the development of humoral immunity. Although the triggers required for the differentiation of the other major Th subsets are well defined, those responsible for Tfh cell responses are still poorly understood. We determined that mice immunized with peptide or protein Ags emulsified in IFA or related water-in-oil adjuvants develop a highly polarized response in which the majority of the Ag-specific CD4+ T cells are germinal center-homing CXCR5+Bcl6+ Tfh cells. Despite the absence of exogenous microbial pathogen-associated molecular patterns, the Tfh cell responses observed were dependent, in part, on MyD88. Importantly, in addition to IL-6, T cell-intrinsic type I IFN signaling is required for optimal Tfh cell polarization. These findings suggest that water-in-oil adjuvants promote Tfh cell-dominated responses by triggering endogenous alarm signals that, in turn, induce type I IFN-dependent differentiation pathway functioning in T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Riteau
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
| | - Andrea J Radtke
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Kevin Shenderov
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
| | - Lara Mittereder
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
| | - Sandra D Oland
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
| | - Sara Hieny
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
| | - Dragana Jankovic
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
| | - Alan Sher
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
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27
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Radtke AJ, Kastenmüller W, Espinosa DA, Gerner MY, Tse SW, Sinnis P, Germain RN, Zavala FP, Cockburn IA. Lymph-node resident CD8α+ dendritic cells capture antigens from migratory malaria sporozoites and induce CD8+ T cell responses. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1004637. [PMID: 25658939 PMCID: PMC4450069 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria infection begins when a female Anopheles mosquito injects Plasmodium sporozoites into the skin of its host during blood feeding. Skin-deposited sporozoites may enter the bloodstream and infect the liver, reside and develop in the skin, or migrate to the draining lymph nodes (DLNs). Importantly, the DLN is where protective CD8+ T cell responses against malaria liver stages are induced after a dermal route of infection. However, the significance of parasites in the skin and DLN to CD8+ T cell activation is largely unknown. In this study, we used genetically modified parasites, as well as antibody-mediated immobilization of sporozoites, to determine that active sporozoite migration to the DLNs is required for robust CD8+ T cell responses. Through dynamic in vivo and static imaging, we show the direct uptake of parasites by lymph-node resident DCs followed by CD8+ T cell-DC cluster formation, a surrogate for antigen presentation, in the DLNs. A few hours after sporozoite arrival to the DLNs, CD8+ T cells are primed by resident CD8α+ DCs with no apparent role for skin-derived DCs. Together, these results establish a critical role for lymph node resident CD8α+ DCs in CD8+ T cell priming to sporozoite antigens while emphasizing a requirement for motile sporozoites in the induction of CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity. Malaria is responsible for the deaths of 0.5–2 million people each year. A safe and effective vaccine is likely needed for the control or eradication of malaria. Immunization with irradiated sporozoites, the infectious stage of the parasite transmitted by mosquitoes, protects people against malaria through the activation of specialized effector cells called CD8+ T cells, which can eliminate live parasites. The induction of such malaria-specific CD8+ T cells is critically dependent on dendritic cells, a diverse population of antigen-presenting cells. It was previously unclear how dendritic cells acquire sporozoite antigens to induce the protective CD8+ T cell response. Using a combination of functional studies and high-resolution imaging, we report here that live sporozoites access skin-draining lymph nodes after infection and directly provide antigens to resident dendritic cells that in turn activate CD8+ T cells. These results underscore the importance of live, motile sporozoites in the induction of protective CD8+ T cell responses and provide a mechanistic understanding for the superior immunogenicity of whole parasite vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J. Radtke
- Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute and Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Wolfgang Kastenmüller
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Diego A. Espinosa
- Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute and Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michael Y. Gerner
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sze-Wah Tse
- Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute and Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Photini Sinnis
- Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute and Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ronald N. Germain
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Fidel P. Zavala
- Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute and Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (FPZ); (IAC)
| | - Ian A. Cockburn
- Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute and Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (FPZ); (IAC)
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28
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Tse SW, Radtke AJ, Espinosa DA, Cockburn IA, Zavala F. The chemokine receptor CXCR6 is required for the maintenance of liver memory CD8⁺ T cells specific for infectious pathogens. J Infect Dis 2014; 210:1508-16. [PMID: 24823625 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiu281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that immunization with attenuated malaria sporozoites induces CD8(+) T cells that eliminate parasite-infected hepatocytes. Liver memory CD8(+) T cells induced by immunization with parasites undergo a unique differentiation program and have enhanced expression of CXCR6. Following immunization with malaria parasites, CXCR6-deficient memory CD8(+) T cells recovered from the liver display altered cell-surface expression markers as compared to their wild-type counterparts, but they exhibit normal cytokine secretion and expression of cytotoxic mediators on a per-cell basis. Most importantly, CXCR6-deficient CD8(+) T cells migrate to the liver normally after immunization with Plasmodium sporozoites or vaccinia virus, but a few weeks later their numbers severely decrease in this organ, losing their capacity to inhibit malaria parasite development in the liver. These studies are the first to show that CXCR6 is critical for the development and maintenance of protective memory CD8(+) T cells in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze-Wah Tse
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Andrea J Radtke
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Diego A Espinosa
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ian A Cockburn
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland Department of Pathogens and Immunity, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra
| | - Fidel Zavala
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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29
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Abston ED, Coronado MJ, Bucek A, Onyimba JA, Brandt JE, Frisancho JA, Kim E, Bedja D, Sung YK, Radtke AJ, Gabrielson KL, Mitzner W, Fairweather D. TLR3 deficiency induces chronic inflammatory cardiomyopathy in resistant mice following coxsackievirus B3 infection: role for IL-4. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2012; 304:R267-77. [PMID: 23255589 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00516.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings indicate that TLR3 polymorphisms increase susceptibility to enteroviral myocarditis and inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy (iDCM) in patients. TLR3 signaling has been found to inhibit coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) replication and acute myocarditis in mouse models, but its role in the progression from myocarditis to iDCM has not been previously investigated. In this study we found that TLR3 deficiency increased acute (P = 5.9 × 10(-9)) and chronic (P = 6.0 × 10(-7)) myocarditis compared with WT B6.129, a mouse strain that is resistant to chronic myocarditis and iDCM. Using left ventricular in vivo hemodynamic assessment, we found that TLR3-deficient mice developed progressively worse chronic cardiomyopathy. TLR3 deficiency significantly increased viral replication in the heart during acute myocarditis from day 3 through day 12 after infection, but infectious virus was not detected in the heart during chronic disease. TLR3 deficiency increased cytokines associated with a T helper (Th)2 response, including IL-4 (P = 0.03), IL-10 (P = 0.008), IL-13 (P = 0.002), and TGF-β(1) (P = 0.005), and induced a shift to an immunoregulatory phenotype in the heart. However, IL-4-deficient mice had improved heart function during acute CVB3 myocarditis by echocardiography and in vivo hemodynamic assessment compared with wild-type mice, indicating that IL-4 impairs cardiac function during myocarditis. IL-4 deficiency increased regulatory T-cell and macrophage populations, including FoxP3(+) T cells (P = 0.005) and Tim-3(+) macrophages (P = 0.004). Thus, TLR3 prevents the progression from myocarditis to iDCM following CVB3 infection by reducing acute viral replication and IL-4 levels in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D Abston
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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30
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Smith RC, Eappen AG, Radtke AJ, Jacobs-Lorena M. Regulation of anti-Plasmodium immunity by a LITAF-like transcription factor in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae. PLoS Pathog 2012; 8:e1002965. [PMID: 23093936 PMCID: PMC3475675 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The mosquito is the obligate vector for malaria transmission. To complete its development within the mosquito, the malaria parasite Plasmodium must overcome the protective action of the mosquito innate immune system. Here we report on the involvement of the Anopheles gambiae orthologue of a conserved component of the vertebrate immune system, LPS-induced TNFα transcription factor (LITAF), and its role in mosquito anti-Plasmodium immunity. An. gambiae LITAF-like 3 (LL3) expression is up-regulated in response to midgut invasion by both rodent and human malaria parasites. Silencing of LL3 expression greatly increases parasite survival, indicating that LL3 is part of an anti-Plasmodium defense mechanism. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays identified specific LL3 DNA-binding motifs within the promoter of SRPN6, a gene that also mediates mosquito defense against Plasmodium. Further experiments indicated that these motifs play a direct role in LL3 regulation of SRPN6 expression. We conclude that LL3 is a transcription factor capable of modulating SRPN6 expression as part of the mosquito anti-Plasmodium immune response. The mosquito innate immune system serves as the primary defense response against invading pathogens, including that of the malaria parasite Plasmodium. The mosquito immune response is remarkably efficient in eliminating the parasite as indicated by the low prevalence of Plasmodium oocysts in wild caught mosquitoes. In an effort to understand the mechanisms of immune response, we report the first evidence of a LPS-induced TNF-α factor (LITAF)-like gene family in insects and describe the role of one member, LITAF-like 3 (LL3), in anti-Plasmodium immunity in the mosquito Anopheles gambiae. Silencing of LL3 greatly increases parasite survival. The gene appears to function as a transcription factor that binds to specific regions of the SRPN6 promoter, a known anti-Plasmodium gene, and modulates its transcript abundance. In summary, LL3 appears to be a novel component of the mosquito innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marcelo Jacobs-Lorena
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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31
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Tse SW, Radtke AJ, Zavala F. Induction and maintenance of protective CD8+ T cells against malaria liver stages: implications for vaccine development. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2012; 106 Suppl 1:172-8. [PMID: 21881772 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762011000900022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T cells against malaria liver stages represent a major protective immune mechanism against infection. Following induction in the peripheral lymph nodes by dendritic cells (DCs), these CD8+ T cells migrate to the liver and eliminate parasite infected hepatocytes. The processing and presentation of sporozoite antigen requires TAP mediated transport of major histocompatibility complex class I epitopes to the endoplasmic reticulum. Importantly, in DCs this process is also dependent on endosome-mediated cross presentation while this mechanism is not required for epitope presentation on hepatocytes. Protective CD8+ T cell responses are strongly dependent on the presence of CD4+ T cells and the capacity of sporozoite antigen to persist for a prolonged period of time. While human trials with subunit vaccines capable of inducing antibodies and CD4+ T cell responses have yielded encouraging results, an effective anti-malaria vaccine will likely require vaccine constructs designed to induce protective CD8+ T cells against malaria liver stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze-Wah Tse
- W Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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