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Rocco JM, Boswell KL, Laidlaw E, Epling B, Anderson M, Serebryannyy L, Narpala S, O'Connell S, Kalish H, Kelly S, Porche S, Oguz C, McDermott A, Manion M, Koup RA, Lisco A, Sereti I. Immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in people with idiopathic CD4 lymphopenia. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:503-512. [PMID: 38344971 PMCID: PMC10861932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immunogenicity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccines is variable in individuals with different inborn errors of immunity or acquired immune deficiencies and is yet unknown in people with idiopathic CD4 lymphopenia (ICL). OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the immunogenicity of mRNA vaccines in patients with ICL with a broad range of CD4 T-cell counts. METHODS Samples were collected from 25 patients with ICL and 23 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers (HVs) after their second or third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine dose. Anti-spike and anti-receptor binding domain antibodies were measured. T-cell receptor sequencing and stimulation assays were performed to quantify SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses. RESULTS The median age of ICL participants was 51 years, and their median CD4 count was 150 cells/μL; 11 participants had CD4 counts ≤100 cells/μL. Anti-spike IgG antibody levels were greater in HVs than in patients with ICL after 2 and 3 doses of mRNA vaccine. There was no detectable significant difference, however, in anti-S IgG between HVs and participants with ICL and CD4 counts >100 cells/μL. The depth of spike-specific T-cell responses by T-cell receptor sequencing was lower in individuals with ICL. Activation-induced markers and cytokine production of spike-specific CD4 T cells in participants with ICL did not differ significantly compared with HVs after 2 or 3 vaccine doses. CONCLUSIONS Patients with ICL and CD4 counts >100 cells/μL can mount vigorous humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination; however, patients with more severe CD4 lymphopenia have blunted vaccine-induced immunity and may require additional vaccine doses and other risk mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Rocco
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Kristin L Boswell
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Elizabeth Laidlaw
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Brian Epling
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Megan Anderson
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Leonid Serebryannyy
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Sandeep Narpala
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Sarah O'Connell
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Heather Kalish
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Sophie Kelly
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Sarah Porche
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Cihan Oguz
- Integrated Data Sciences Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Adrian McDermott
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Maura Manion
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Richard A Koup
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Andrea Lisco
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Irini Sereti
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.
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Karkanitsa M, Li Y, Valenti S, Spathies J, Kelly S, Hunsberger S, Yee L, Croker JA, Wang J, Alfonso AL, Faust M, Mehalko J, Drew M, Denson JP, Putman Z, Fathi P, Ngo TB, Siripong N, Baus HA, Petersen B, Ford EW, Sundaresan V, Josyula A, Han A, Giurgea LT, Rosas LA, Bean R, Athota R, Czajkowski L, Klumpp-Thomas C, Cervantes-Medina A, Gouzoulis M, Reed S, Graubard B, Hall MD, Kalish H, Esposito D, Kimberly RP, Reis S, Sadtler K, Memoli MJ. Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence in a Large US population Over a Period of 12 Months. medRxiv 2023:2023.10.20.23297329. [PMID: 37904956 PMCID: PMC10614993 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.20.23297329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Due to a combination of asymptomatic or undiagnosed infections, the proportion of the United States population infected with SARS-CoV-2 was unclear from the beginning of the pandemic. We previously established a platform to screen for SARS-CoV-2 positivity across a representative proportion of the US population, from which we reported that almost 17 million Americans were estimated to have had undocumented infections in the Spring of 2020. Since then, vaccine rollout and prevalence of different SARS-CoV-2 variants have further altered seropositivity trends within the United States population. To explore the longitudinal impacts of the pandemic and vaccine responses on seropositivity, we re-enrolled participants from our baseline study in a 6- and 12- month follow-up study to develop a longitudinal antibody profile capable of representing seropositivity within the United States during a critical period just prior to and during the initiation of vaccine rollout. Initial measurements showed that, since July 2020, seropositivity elevated within this population from 4.8% at baseline to 36.2% and 89.3% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. We also evaluated nucleocapsid seropositivity and compared to spike seropositivity to identify trends in infection versus vaccination relative to baseline. These data serve as a window into a critical timeframe within the COVID-19 pandemic response and serve as a resource that could be used in subsequent respiratory illness outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Karkanitsa
- Section on Immunoengineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Yan Li
- Joint Program in Survey Methodology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Shannon Valenti
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Jacquelyn Spathies
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science (BEPS), NIBIB, NIH, Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Sophie Kelly
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science (BEPS), NIBIB, NIH, Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Sally Hunsberger
- Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Laura Yee
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, MD 20894
| | - Jennifer A. Croker
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Andrea Lucia Alfonso
- Section on Immunoengineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Mondreakest Faust
- Section on Immunoengineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Jennifer Mehalko
- Protein Expression Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702
| | - Matthew Drew
- Protein Expression Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702
| | - John-Paul Denson
- Protein Expression Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702
| | - Zoe Putman
- Protein Expression Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702
| | - Parinaz Fathi
- Section on Immunoengineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Tran B. Ngo
- Section on Immunoengineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Nalyn Siripong
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Holly Ann Baus
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Brian Petersen
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Eric W. Ford
- Department of Health Care Organization, and Policy, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Vanathi Sundaresan
- Section on Immunoengineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Aditya Josyula
- Section on Immunoengineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Alison Han
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Luca T. Giurgea
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Luz Angela Rosas
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Rachel Bean
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Rani Athota
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Lindsay Czajkowski
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Carleen Klumpp-Thomas
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), NIH, Rockville, MD 20850
| | | | - Monica Gouzoulis
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Susan Reed
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Barry Graubard
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, Biostatistics Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Matthew D. Hall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), NIH, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Heather Kalish
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science (BEPS), NIBIB, NIH, Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Dominic Esposito
- Protein Expression Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702
| | - Robert P. Kimberly
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Steven Reis
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- Section on Immunoengineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Matthew J Memoli
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
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Zendt M, Bustos Carrillo FA, Kelly S, Saturday T, DeGrange M, Ginigeme A, Wu L, Callier V, Ortega-Villa A, Faust M, Chang-Rabley E, Bugal K, Kenney H, Khil P, Youn JH, Osei G, Regmi P, Anderson V, Bosticardo M, Daub J, DiMaggio T, Kreuzburg S, Pala F, Pfister J, Treat J, Ulrick J, Karkanitsa M, Kalish H, Kuhns DB, Priel DL, Fink DL, Tsang JS, Sparks R, Uzel G, Waldman MA, Zerbe CS, Delmonte OM, Bergerson JRE, Das S, Freeman AF, Lionakis MS, Sadtler K, van Doremalen N, Munster V, Notarangelo LD, Holland SM, Ricotta EE. Characterization of the antispike IgG immune response to COVID-19 vaccines in people with a wide variety of immunodeficiencies. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadh3150. [PMID: 37824621 PMCID: PMC10569702 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh3150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Research on coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination in immune-deficient/disordered people (IDP) has focused on cancer and organ transplantation populations. In a prospective cohort of 195 IDP and 35 healthy volunteers (HV), antispike immunoglobulin G (IgG) was detected in 88% of IDP after dose 2, increasing to 93% by 6 months after dose 3. Despite high seroconversion, median IgG levels for IDP never surpassed one-third that of HV. IgG binding to Omicron BA.1 was lowest among variants. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 pseudo-neutralization only modestly correlated with antispike IgG concentration. IgG levels were not significantly altered by receipt of different messenger RNA-based vaccines, immunomodulating treatments, and prior severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections. While our data show that three doses of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccinations induce antispike IgG in most IDP, additional doses are needed to increase protection. Because of the notably reduced IgG response to Omicron BA.1, the efficacy of additional vaccinations, including bivalent vaccines, should be studied in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie Zendt
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fausto A. Bustos Carrillo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Office of Data Science and Emerging Technologies, Office of Science Management and Operations, NIAID, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Sophie Kelly
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Maureen DeGrange
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Anita Ginigeme
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Medical Science and Computing LLC, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Lurline Wu
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Viviane Callier
- Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Ana Ortega-Villa
- Biostatistics Research Branch, Division of Clinical Research, NIAID, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - Emma Chang-Rabley
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kara Bugal
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD,USA
| | - Heather Kenney
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pavel Khil
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD,USA
| | - Jung-Ho Youn
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD,USA
| | - Gloria Osei
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD,USA
| | - Pravesh Regmi
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD,USA
| | - Victoria Anderson
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marita Bosticardo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Janine Daub
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas DiMaggio
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Samantha Kreuzburg
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Francesca Pala
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Justina Pfister
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer Treat
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jean Ulrick
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Heather Kalish
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Douglas B. Kuhns
- Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Debra L. Priel
- Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Danielle L. Fink
- Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - John S. Tsang
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Center for Systems and Engineering Immunology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT,USA
| | - Rachel Sparks
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, DIR, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD,USA
| | - Gulbu Uzel
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Meryl A. Waldman
- Kidney Disease Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christa S. Zerbe
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ottavia M. Delmonte
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jenna R. E. Bergerson
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sanchita Das
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD,USA
| | - Alexandra F. Freeman
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michail S. Lionakis
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- Section for Immunoengineering, NIBIB, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Luigi D. Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steven M. Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Emily E. Ricotta
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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4
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Epling BP, Rocco JM, Boswell KL, Laidlaw E, Galindo F, Kellogg A, Das S, Roder A, Ghedin E, Kreitman A, Dewar RL, Kelly SEM, Kalish H, Rehman T, Highbarger J, Rupert A, Kocher G, Holbrook MR, Lisco A, Manion M, Koup RA, Sereti I. Clinical, Virologic, and Immunologic Evaluation of Symptomatic Coronavirus Disease 2019 Rebound Following Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Treatment. Clin Infect Dis 2023; 76:573-581. [PMID: 36200701 PMCID: PMC9619622 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, the first severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) protease inhibitor, reduces the risk of hospitalization and death by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) but has been associated with symptomatic rebound after therapy completion. METHODS Six individuals with relapse of COVID-19 symptoms after treatment with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, 2 individuals with rebound symptoms without prior antiviral therapy and 7 patients with acute Omicron infection (controls) were studied. Soluble biomarkers and serum SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein were measured. Nasal swabs positive for SARS-CoV-2 underwent viral isolation and targeted viral sequencing. SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike, anti-receptor-binding domain, and anti-nucleocapsid antibodies were measured. Surrogate viral neutralization tests against wild-type and Omicron spike protein, as well as T-cell stimulation assays, were performed. RESULTS High levels of SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies were found in all participants. Anti-nucleocapsid IgG and Omicron-specific neutralizing antibodies increased in patients with rebound. Robust SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses were observed, higher in rebound compared with early acute COVID-19 patients. Inflammatory markers mostly decreased during rebound. Two patients sampled longitudinally demonstrated an increase in activated cytokine-producing CD4+ T cells against viral proteins. No characteristic resistance mutations were identified. SARS-CoV-2 was isolated by culture from 1 of 8 rebound patients; Polybrene addition increased this to 5 of 8. CONCLUSIONS Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment does not impede adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2. Clinical rebound corresponds to development of a robust antibody and T-cell immune response, arguing against a high risk of disease progression. The presence of infectious virus supports the need for isolation and assessment of longer treatment courses. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NCT04401436.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Epling
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joseph M Rocco
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kristin L Boswell
- Immunology Laboratory, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Elizabeth Laidlaw
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Frances Galindo
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Anela Kellogg
- Clinical Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Sanchita Das
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Allison Roder
- Systems Genomics Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Elodie Ghedin
- Systems Genomics Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Allie Kreitman
- Systems Genomics Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Robin L Dewar
- Virus Isolation and Serology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Sophie E M Kelly
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Heather Kalish
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Tauseef Rehman
- Virus Isolation and Serology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeroen Highbarger
- Virus Isolation and Serology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Adam Rupert
- AIDS Monitoring Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Gregory Kocher
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael R Holbrook
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrea Lisco
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Maura Manion
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Richard A Koup
- Immunology Laboratory, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Irini Sereti
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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5
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Xu Q, Milanez-Almeida P, Martins AJ, Radtke AJ, Hoehn KB, Oguz C, Chen J, Liu C, Tang J, Grubbs G, Stein S, Ramelli S, Kabat J, Behzadpour H, Karkanitsa M, Spathies J, Kalish H, Kardava L, Kirby M, Cheung F, Preite S, Duncker PC, Kitakule MM, Romero N, Preciado D, Gitman L, Koroleva G, Smith G, Shaffer A, McBain IT, McGuire PJ, Pittaluga S, Germain RN, Apps R, Schwartz DM, Sadtler K, Moir S, Chertow DS, Kleinstein SH, Khurana S, Tsang JS, Mudd P, Schwartzberg PL, Manthiram K. Adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 persist in the pharyngeal lymphoid tissue of children. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:186-199. [PMID: 36536106 PMCID: PMC10777159 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01367-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Most studies of adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection focus on peripheral blood, which may not fully reflect immune responses at the site of infection. Using samples from 110 children undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy during the COVID-19 pandemic, we identified 24 samples with evidence of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, including neutralizing antibodies in serum and SARS-CoV-2-specific germinal center and memory B cells in the tonsils and adenoids. Single-cell B cell receptor (BCR) sequencing indicated virus-specific BCRs were class-switched and somatically hypermutated, with overlapping clones in the two tissues. Expanded T cell clonotypes were found in tonsils, adenoids and blood post-COVID-19, some with CDR3 sequences identical to previously reported SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cell receptors (TCRs). Pharyngeal tissues from COVID-19-convalescent children showed persistent expansion of germinal center and antiviral lymphocyte populations associated with interferon (IFN)-γ-type responses, particularly in the adenoids, and viral RNA in both tissues. Our results provide evidence for persistent tissue-specific immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in the upper respiratory tract of children after infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xu
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Andrew J Martins
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, LISB, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrea J Radtke
- Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, LISB, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth B Hoehn
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cihan Oguz
- NIAID Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (NCBR), NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Axle Informatics, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jinguo Chen
- Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Can Liu
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, LISB, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juanjie Tang
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Gabrielle Grubbs
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Sydney Stein
- Emerging Pathogens Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center (CC), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sabrina Ramelli
- Emerging Pathogens Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center (CC), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juraj Kabat
- Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, LISB, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hengameh Behzadpour
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Maria Karkanitsa
- Laboratory of Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jacquelyn Spathies
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, NIBIB, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Heather Kalish
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, NIBIB, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lela Kardava
- B-cell Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Martha Kirby
- National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Foo Cheung
- Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Silvia Preite
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Nahir Romero
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Diego Preciado
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lyuba Gitman
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Grace Smith
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arthur Shaffer
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ian T McBain
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peter J McGuire
- National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stefania Pittaluga
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ronald N Germain
- Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, LISB, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, LISB, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Richard Apps
- Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- Laboratory of Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Susan Moir
- B-cell Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel S Chertow
- Emerging Pathogens Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center (CC), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steven H Kleinstein
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Surender Khurana
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - John S Tsang
- Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, LISB, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pamela Mudd
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Pamela L Schwartzberg
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
- National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Kalpana Manthiram
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
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6
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Buckner CM, Kardava L, El Merhebi O, Narpala SR, Serebryannyy L, Lin BC, Wang W, Zhang X, Lopes de Assis F, Kelly SE, Teng IT, McCormack GE, Praiss LH, Seamon CA, Rai MA, Kalish H, Kwong PD, Proschan MA, McDermott AB, Fauci AS, Chun TW, Moir S. Interval between prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and booster vaccination impacts magnitude and quality of antibody and B cell responses. Cell 2022; 185:4333-4346.e14. [PMID: 36257313 PMCID: PMC9513331 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster vaccines provide protection from severe disease, eliciting strong immunity that is further boosted by previous infection. However, it is unclear whether these immune responses are affected by the interval between infection and vaccination. Over a 2-month period, we evaluated antibody and B cell responses to a third-dose mRNA vaccine in 66 individuals with different infection histories. Uninfected and post-boost but not previously infected individuals mounted robust ancestral and variant spike-binding and neutralizing antibodies and memory B cells. Spike-specific B cell responses from recent infection (<180 days) were elevated at pre-boost but comparatively less so at 60 days post-boost compared with uninfected individuals, and these differences were linked to baseline frequencies of CD27lo B cells. Day 60 to baseline ratio of BCR signaling measured by phosphorylation of Syk was inversely correlated to days between infection and vaccination. Thus, B cell responses to booster vaccines are impeded by recent infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarisa M. Buckner
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lela Kardava
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Omar El Merhebi
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sandeep R. Narpala
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Leonid Serebryannyy
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bob C. Lin
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xiaozhen Zhang
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Felipe Lopes de Assis
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sophie E.M. Kelly
- Bioengineering and Physical Sciences Shared Resource, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - I-Ting Teng
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Genevieve E. McCormack
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lauren H. Praiss
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Catherine A. Seamon
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - M. Ali Rai
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Heather Kalish
- Bioengineering and Physical Sciences Shared Resource, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Peter D. Kwong
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael A. Proschan
- Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Adrian B. McDermott
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Anthony S. Fauci
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tae-Wook Chun
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Susan Moir
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA,Corresponding author
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7
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Gordon‐Lipkin EM, Marcum CS, Kruk S, Thompson E, Kelly SEM, Kalish H, Bellusci L, Khurana S, Sadtler K, McGuire PJ. Comprehensive profiling of the human viral exposome in households containing an at-risk child with mitochondrial disease during the 2020-2021 COVID-19 pandemic. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e1100. [PMID: 36336785 PMCID: PMC9637669 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viral infection is a major cause of morbidity in children with mitochondrial disease (MtD). As a result, families with children with MtD are highly adherent to risk mitigation behaviours (RMBs) advised by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention during the COVID-19 pandemic that can modulate infection risk. METHODS Deep serologic phenotyping of viral infections was performed via home-based sampling by combining SARS-CoV-2 serologic testing and phage display immunoprecipitation and sequencing. Samples were collected approximately 1 year apart (October 2020 to April 2021 and October 2021 to March 2022) on households containing a child with MtD. RESULTS In contrast to our first collection in 2020-2021, SARS-CoV-2 antibody profiles for all participants in 2021-2022 were marked by greater isotype diversity and the appearance of neutralizing antibodies. Besides SARS-CoV-2, households (N = 15) were exposed to >38 different respiratory and gastrointestinal viruses during the study, averaging five viral infections per child with MtD. Regarding clinical outcomes, children with MtD (N = 17) experienced 34 episodes of illness resulting in 6 hospitalizations, with some children experiencing multiple episodes. Neurologic events following illness were recorded in five patients. Infections were identified via clinical testing in only seven cases. Viral exposome profiles were consistent with clinical testing and even identified infections not captured by clinical testing. CONCLUSIONS Despite reported adherence to RMBs during the COVID-19 pandemic by families with a child with MtD, viral infection was pervasive. Not all infections resulted in illness in the child with MtD, suggesting that some were subclinical or asymptomatic. However, selected children with MtD did experience neurologic events. Our studies emphasize that viral infections are inexorable, emphasizing the need for further understanding of host-pathogen interactions through broad serologic surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza M. Gordon‐Lipkin
- Metabolism, Infection and Immunity SectionNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Christopher S. Marcum
- Data Science PolicyNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Shannon Kruk
- Metabolism, Infection and Immunity SectionNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Elizabeth Thompson
- Metabolism, Infection and Immunity SectionNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Sophie E. M. Kelly
- Trans‐NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical ScienceNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and BioengineeringNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Heather Kalish
- Trans‐NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical ScienceNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and BioengineeringNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Lorenza Bellusci
- Division of Viral ProductsCenter for Biologics Evaluation and ResearchFood and Drug Administration (FDA)Silver SpringMarylandUSA
| | - Surender Khurana
- Division of Viral ProductsCenter for Biologics Evaluation and ResearchFood and Drug Administration (FDA)Silver SpringMarylandUSA
| | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- Section on ImmunoengineeringNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and BioengineeringNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Peter J. McGuire
- Metabolism, Infection and Immunity SectionNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
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8
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Mudd P, Romero N, Behzadpour H, Xu Q, Rana MS, Gitman L, Preciado D, Karkanitsa M, Spathies J, Sadtler K, Kalish H, Schwartzberg PL, Manthiram K. Examining multi‐level immune response to determine prevalence of
COVID
‐19 in pediatric tonsillectomy. Laryngoscope 2022. [PMID: 36102311 PMCID: PMC9538220 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Mudd
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Children's National Hospital Washington DC USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology The George Washington University Washington DC USA
| | - Nahir Romero
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Children's National Hospital Washington DC USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology The George Washington University Washington DC USA
| | - Hengameh Behzadpour
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Children's National Hospital Washington DC USA
| | - Qin Xu
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Md Sohel Rana
- Division of Surgery Children's National Hospital Washington DC USA
| | - Lyuba Gitman
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Children's National Hospital Washington DC USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology The George Washington University Washington DC USA
| | - Diego Preciado
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Children's National Hospital Washington DC USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology The George Washington University Washington DC USA
| | - Maria Karkanitsa
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Jacquelyn Spathies
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Heather Kalish
- Trans‐NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Pamela L. Schwartzberg
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Kalpana Manthiram
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA
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9
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Buckner CM, Kardava L, Merhebi OE, Narpala SR, Serebryannyy L, Lin BC, Wang W, Zhang X, de Assis FL, Kelly SE, Teng IT, McCormack GE, Praiss LH, Seamon CA, Rai MA, Kalish H, Kwong PD, Proschan MA, McDermott AB, Fauci AS, Chun TW, Moir S. Recent SARS-CoV-2 infection abrogates antibody and B-cell responses to booster vaccination. medRxiv 2022:2022.08.30.22279344. [PMID: 36093348 PMCID: PMC9460969 DOI: 10.1101/2022.08.30.22279344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster vaccines provide protection from severe disease, eliciting strong immunity that is further boosted by previous infection. However, it is unclear whether these immune responses are affected by the interval between infection and vaccination. Over a two-month period, we evaluated antibody and B-cell responses to a third dose mRNA vaccine in 66 individuals with different infection histories. Uninfected and post-boost but not previously infected individuals mounted robust ancestral and variant spike-binding and neutralizing antibodies, and memory B cells. Spike-specific B-cell responses from recent infection were elevated at pre-boost but comparatively less so at 60 days post-boost compared to uninfected individuals, and these differences were linked to baseline frequencies of CD27 lo B cells. Day 60 to baseline ratio of BCR signaling measured by phosphorylation of Syk was inversely correlated to days between infection and vaccination. Thus, B-cell responses to booster vaccines are impeded by recent infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarisa M. Buckner
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892 MD, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Lela Kardava
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892 MD, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Omar El Merhebi
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892 MD, USA
| | - Sandeep R. Narpala
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Leonid Serebryannyy
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bob C. Lin
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892 MD, USA
| | - Xiaozhen Zhang
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892 MD, USA
| | - Felipe Lopes de Assis
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892 MD, USA
| | - Sophie E.M. Kelly
- Bioengineering and Physical Sciences Shared Resource, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - I-Ting Teng
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Genevieve E. McCormack
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892 MD, USA
| | - Lauren H. Praiss
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892 MD, USA
| | - Catherine A. Seamon
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892 MD, USA
| | - M. Ali Rai
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892 MD, USA
| | - Heather Kalish
- Bioengineering and Physical Sciences Shared Resource, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Peter D. Kwong
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael A. Proschan
- Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Adrian B. McDermott
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Anthony S. Fauci
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892 MD, USA
| | - Tae-Wook Chun
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892 MD, USA
| | - Susan Moir
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892 MD, USA
- Lead contact
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10
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Epling BP, Rocco JM, Boswell KL, Laidlaw E, Galindo F, Kellogg A, Das S, Roder A, Ghedin E, Kreitman A, Dewar RL, Kelly SEM, Kalish H, Rehman T, Highbarger J, Rupert A, Kocher G, Holbrook MR, Lisco A, Manion M, Koup RA, Sereti I. COVID-19 redux: clinical, virologic, and immunologic evaluation of clinical rebound after nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. medRxiv 2022. [PMID: 35734093 PMCID: PMC9216730 DOI: 10.1101/2022.06.16.22276392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Clinical rebound of COVID-19 after nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment has been reported. We performed clinical, virologic, and immune measurements in seven patients with symptomatic rebound, six after nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment and one without previous treatment. There was no evidence of severe disease or impaired antibody and T-cell responses in people with rebound symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Epling
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joseph M Rocco
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kristin L Boswell
- Immunology Laboratory, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth Laidlaw
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Frances Galindo
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anela Kellogg
- Clinical Research Directorate (CRD), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Sanchita Das
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Allison Roder
- Systems Genomics Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elodie Ghedin
- Systems Genomics Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Allie Kreitman
- Systems Genomics Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robin L Dewar
- Virus Isolation and Serology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Sophie E M Kelly
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Heather Kalish
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tauseef Rehman
- Virus Isolation and Serology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Jeroen Highbarger
- Virus Isolation and Serology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Adam Rupert
- AIDS Monitoring Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Gregory Kocher
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Michael R Holbrook
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Andrea Lisco
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maura Manion
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Richard A Koup
- Immunology Laboratory, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Irini Sereti
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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11
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Xu Q, Milanez-Almeida P, Martins AJ, Radtke AJ, Hoehn KB, Chen J, Liu C, Tang J, Grubbs G, Stein S, Ramelli S, Kabat J, Behzadpour H, Karkanitsa M, Spathies J, Kalish H, Kardava L, Kirby M, Cheung F, Preite S, Duncker PC, Romero N, Preciado D, Gitman L, Koroleva G, Smith G, Shaffer A, McBain IT, Pittaluga S, Germain RN, Apps R, Sadtler K, Moir S, Chertow DS, Kleinstein SH, Khurana S, Tsang JS, Mudd P, Schwartzberg PL, Manthiram K. Robust, persistent adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in the oropharyngeal lymphoid tissue of children. Res Sq 2022:rs.3.rs-1276578. [PMID: 35350206 PMCID: PMC8963700 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1276578/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers adaptive immune responses from both T and B cells. However, most studies focus on peripheral blood, which may not fully reflect immune responses in lymphoid tissues at the site of infection. To evaluate both local and systemic adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2, we collected peripheral blood, tonsils, and adenoids from 110 children undergoing tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy during the COVID-19 pandemic and found 24 with evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, including detectable neutralizing antibodies against multiple viral variants. We identified SARS-CoV-2-specific germinal center (GC) and memory B cells; single cell BCR sequencing showed that these virus-specific B cells were class-switched and somatically hypermutated, with overlapping clones in the adenoids and tonsils. Oropharyngeal tissues from COVID-19-convalescent children showed persistent expansion of GC and anti-viral lymphocyte populations associated with an IFN-γ-type response, with particularly prominent changes in the adenoids, as well as evidence of persistent viral RNA in both tonsil and adenoid tissues of many participants. Our results show robust, tissue-specific adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in the upper respiratory tract of children weeks to months after acute infection, providing evidence of persistent localized immunity to this respiratory virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xu
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | - Andrea J. Radtke
- Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, LISB, NIAID, NIH Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Jinguo Chen
- Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Can Liu
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, LISB, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Juanjie Tang
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD
| | - Gabrielle Grubbs
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD
| | - Sydney Stein
- Emerging Pathogens Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center (CC), NIH, Bethesda, MD
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sabrina Ramelli
- Emerging Pathogens Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center (CC), NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Juraj Kabat
- Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, LISB, NIAID, NIH Bethesda, MD
| | - Hengameh Behzadpour
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Maria Karkanitsa
- Laboratory of Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jacquelyn Spathies
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, NIBIB, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Heather Kalish
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, NIBIB, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Lela Kardava
- B-cell Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Martha Kirby
- National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Foo Cheung
- Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Silvia Preite
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Nahir Romero
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Diego Preciado
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Lyuba Gitman
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | | | - Grace Smith
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Arthur Shaffer
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ian T. McBain
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | - Stefania Pittaluga
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ronald N. Germain
- Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging, LISB, NIAID, NIH Bethesda, MD
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, LISB, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Richard Apps
- Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- Laboratory of Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Susan Moir
- B-cell Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Daniel S. Chertow
- Emerging Pathogens Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center (CC), NIH, Bethesda, MD
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Steven H. Kleinstein
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Surender Khurana
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD
| | - John S. Tsang
- Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, LISB, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Pamela Mudd
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Pamela L. Schwartzberg
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
- National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kalpana Manthiram
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
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12
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Gordon-Lipkin EM, Marcum C, Kruk S, Thompson E, Kelly SE, Kalish H, Sadtler K, McGuire PJ. Undiagnosed COVID-19 in households with a child with mitochondrial disease. medRxiv 2022:2022.03.21.22272358. [PMID: 35350208 PMCID: PMC8963689 DOI: 10.1101/2022.03.21.22272358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medically fragile populations, who are at higher risk of severe illness and sequelae, has not been well characterized. Viral infection is a major cause of morbidity in children with mitochondrial disease (MtD), and the COVID-19 pandemic represents an opportunity to study this vulnerable population. Methods A convenience sampling cross-sectional serology study was conducted (October 2020 to June 2021) in households (N = 20) containing a child with MtD (N = 22). Samples (N = 83) were collected in the home using a microsampling apparatus and shipped to investigators. Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (IgG), spike protein (IgG, IgM, IgA), and receptor binding domain (IgG, IgM, IgA) were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results While only 4.8% of participants were clinically diagnosed for SARS-CoV-2 infection, 75.9% of study participants were seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Most samples were IgM positive for spike or RBD (70%), indicating that infection was recent. This translated to all 20 families showing evidence of infection in at least one household member. For the children with MtD, 91% had antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and had not experienced any adverse outcomes at the time of assessment. For children with recent infections (IgM+ only), serologic data suggest household members as a source. Conclusions COVID-19 was highly prevalent and undiagnosed in households with a child with MtD through the 2020-2021 winter wave of the pandemic. In this first major wave, children with MtD tolerated SARS-CoV-2 infection well, potentially due to household adherence to CDC recommendations for risk mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza M. Gordon-Lipkin
- Metabolism, Infection and Immunity Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Christopher Marcum
- Data Science Policy, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Shannon Kruk
- Metabolism, Infection and Immunity Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Elizabeth Thompson
- Metabolism, Infection and Immunity Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sophie E.M. Kelly
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Heather Kalish
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- Section on Immunoengineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Peter J. McGuire
- Metabolism, Infection and Immunity Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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13
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D’Agnillo F, Walters KA, Xiao Y, Sheng ZM, Scherler K, Park J, Gygli S, Rosas LA, Sadtler K, Kalish H, Blatti CA, Zhu R, Gatzke L, Bushell C, Memoli MJ, O’Day SJ, Fischer TD, Hammond TC, Lee RC, Cash JC, Powers ME, O’Keefe GE, Butnor KJ, Rapkiewicz AV, Travis WD, Layne SP, Kash JC, Taubenberger JK. Lung epithelial and endothelial damage, loss of tissue repair, inhibition of fibrinolysis, and cellular senescence in fatal COVID-19. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabj7790. [PMID: 34648357 PMCID: PMC11000440 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abj7790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is characterized by respiratory distress, multiorgan dysfunction, and, in some cases, death. The pathological mechanisms underlying COVID-19 respiratory distress and the interplay with aggravating risk factors have not been fully defined. Lung autopsy samples from 18 patients with fatal COVID-19, with symptom onset-to-death times ranging from 3 to 47 days, and antemortem plasma samples from 6 of these cases were evaluated using deep sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 RNA, multiplex plasma protein measurements, and pulmonary gene expression and imaging analyses. Prominent histopathological features in this case series included progressive diffuse alveolar damage with excessive thrombosis and late-onset pulmonary tissue and vascular remodeling. Acute damage at the alveolar-capillary barrier was characterized by the loss of surfactant protein expression with injury to alveolar epithelial cells, endothelial cells, respiratory epithelial basal cells, and defective tissue repair processes. Other key findings included impaired clot fibrinolysis with increased concentrations of plasma and lung plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and modulation of cellular senescence markers, including p21 and sirtuin-1, in both lung epithelial and endothelial cells. Together, these findings further define the molecular pathological features underlying the pulmonary response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and provide important insights into signaling pathways that may be amenable to therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felice D’Agnillo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Vascular Biology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | | | - Yongli Xiao
- Viral Pathogenesis and Evolution Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zong-Mei Sheng
- Viral Pathogenesis and Evolution Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Jaekeun Park
- Viral Pathogenesis and Evolution Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sebastian Gygli
- Viral Pathogenesis and Evolution Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Luz Angela Rosas
- Viral Pathogenesis and Evolution Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- Section on Immunoengineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Heather Kalish
- Bioengineering and Physical Sciences Shared Resource, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Charles A. Blatti
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Ruoqing Zhu
- Department of Statistics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Lisa Gatzke
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Colleen Bushell
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Matthew J. Memoli
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Raymond C. Lee
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J. Christian Cash
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matthew E. Powers
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Grant E. O’Keefe
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kelly J. Butnor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Amy V. Rapkiewicz
- Department of Pathology, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, USA
| | - William D. Travis
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - John C. Kash
- Viral Pathogenesis and Evolution Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeffery K. Taubenberger
- Viral Pathogenesis and Evolution Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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14
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Ngo TB, Karkanitsa M, Adusei KM, Graham LA, Ricotta EE, Darrah JR, Blomberg RD, Spathies J, Pauly KJ, Klumpp-Thomas C, Travers J, Mehalko J, Drew M, Hall MD, Memoli MJ, Esposito D, Kozar RA, Griggs C, Cunningham KW, Schulman CI, Crandall M, Neavyn M, Dorfman JD, Lai JT, Whitehill JM, Babu KM, Mohr NM, Van Heukelom J, Fell JC, Rooke W, Kalish H, Thomas FD, Sadtler K. SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence and Drug Use in Trauma Patients from Six Sites in the United States. medRxiv 2021:2021.08.10.21261849. [PMID: 34401892 PMCID: PMC8366813 DOI: 10.1101/2021.08.10.21261849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In comparison to the general patient population, trauma patients show higher level detections of bloodborne infectious diseases, such as Hepatitis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus. In comparison to bloodborne pathogens, the prevalence of respiratory infections such as SARS-CoV-2 and how that relates with other variables, such as drug usage and trauma type, is currently unknown in trauma populations. Here, we evaluated SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and antibody isotype profile in 2,542 trauma patients from six Level-1 trauma centers between April and October of 2020 during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. We found that the seroprevalence in trauma victims 18-44 years old (9.79%, 95% confidence interval/CI: 8.33 - 11.47) was much higher in comparison to older patients (45-69 years old: 6.03%, 4.59-5.88; 70+ years old: 4.33%, 2.54 - 7.20). Black/African American (9.54%, 7.77 - 11.65) and Hispanic/Latino patients (14.95%, 11.80 - 18.75) also had higher seroprevalence in comparison, respectively, to White (5.72%, 4.62 - 7.05) and Non-Latino patients (6.55%, 5.57 - 7.69). More than half (55.54%) of those tested for drug toxicology had at least one drug present in their system. Those that tested positive for narcotics or sedatives had a significant negative correlation with seropositivity, while those on anti-depressants trended positive. These findings represent an important consideration for both the patients and first responders that treat trauma patients facing potential risk of respiratory infectious diseases like SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran B. Ngo
- Section on Immuno-Engineering. National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Maria Karkanitsa
- Section on Immuno-Engineering. National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Kenneth M. Adusei
- Section on Immuno-Engineering. National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20894
| | | | - Emily E. Ricotta
- Epidemiology and Population Studies Unit, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20894
| | | | | | - Jacquelyn Spathies
- Bioengineering and Physical Sciences Shared Resource, National Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Kyle J. Pauly
- Bioengineering and Physical Sciences Shared Resource, National Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Carleen Klumpp-Thomas
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville MD 20852
| | - Jameson Travers
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville MD 20852
| | - Jennifer Mehalko
- Protein Expression Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick MD 21702
| | - Matthew Drew
- Protein Expression Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick MD 21702
| | - Matthew D Hall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville MD 20852
| | - Matthew J Memoli
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Dominic Esposito
- Protein Expression Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick MD 21702
| | - Rosemary A. Kozar
- Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore MD 21201
| | - Christopher Griggs
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Atrium Health’s Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte NC 28203
| | - Kyle W. Cunningham
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Atrium Health’s Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte NC 28203
| | | | - Marie Crandall
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville FL 33209
| | - Mark Neavyn
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester MA 01655
| | - Jon D. Dorfman
- Maine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Portland ME 04102
| | - Jeffrey T. Lai
- Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester MA 01655
| | - Jennifer M. Whitehill
- Department of Health Promotion and Policy, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst MA 01003
| | - Kavita M. Babu
- Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester MA 01655
| | - Nicholas M. Mohr
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Anesthesia Critical Care, and Epidemiology, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City IA 52242
| | - Jon Van Heukelom
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City IA 52242
| | - James C. Fell
- NORC at the University of Chicago, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | | | - Heather Kalish
- Bioengineering and Physical Sciences Shared Resource, National Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20894
| | | | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- Section on Immuno-Engineering. National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20894
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15
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Kalish H, Klumpp-Thomas C, Hunsberger S, Baus HA, Fay MP, Siripong N, Wang J, Hicks J, Mehalko J, Travers J, Drew M, Pauly K, Spathies J, Ngo T, Adusei KM, Karkanitsa M, Croker JA, Li Y, Graubard BI, Czajkowski L, Belliveau O, Chairez C, Snead KR, Frank P, Shunmugavel A, Han A, Giurgea LT, Rosas LA, Bean R, Athota R, Cervantes-Medina A, Gouzoulis M, Heffelfinger B, Valenti S, Caldararo R, Kolberg MM, Kelly A, Simon R, Shafiq S, Wall V, Reed S, Ford EW, Lokwani R, Denson JP, Messing S, Michael SG, Gillette W, Kimberly RP, Reis SE, Hall MD, Esposito D, Memoli MJ, Sadtler K. Undiagnosed SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity during the first 6 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabh3826. [PMID: 34158410 PMCID: PMC8432952 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abh3826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and delayed implementation of diagnostics have led to poorly defined viral prevalence rates in the United States and elsewhere. To address this, we analyzed seropositivity in 9089 adults in the United States who had not been diagnosed previously with COVID-19. Individuals with characteristics that reflected the U.S. population (n = 27,716) were selected by quota sampling from 462,949 volunteers. Enrolled participants (n = 11,382) provided medical, geographic, demographic, and socioeconomic information and dried blood samples. Survey questions coincident with the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey, a large probability-based national survey, were used to adjust for selection bias. Most blood samples (88.7%) were collected between 10 May and 31 July 2020 and were processed using ELISA to measure seropositivity (IgG and IgM antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and the spike protein receptor binding domain). The overall weighted undiagnosed seropositivity estimate was 4.6% (95% CI, 2.6 to 6.5%), with race, age, sex, ethnicity, and urban/rural subgroup estimates ranging from 1.1% to 14.2%. The highest seropositivity estimates were in African American participants; younger, female, and Hispanic participants; and residents of urban centers. These data indicate that there were 4.8 undiagnosed SARS-CoV-2 infections for every diagnosed case of COVID-19, and an estimated 16.8 million infections were undiagnosed by mid-July 2020 in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Kalish
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Carleen Klumpp-Thomas
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Sally Hunsberger
- Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Holly Ann Baus
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Michael P Fay
- Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Nalyn Siripong
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jennifer Hicks
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Jennifer Mehalko
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jameson Travers
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Matthew Drew
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Kyle Pauly
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Jacquelyn Spathies
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Tran Ngo
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Kenneth M Adusei
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Maria Karkanitsa
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Jennifer A Croker
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Joint Program in Survey Methodology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Barry I Graubard
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Biostatistics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Lindsay Czajkowski
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Olivia Belliveau
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Cheryl Chairez
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Kelly R Snead
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Peter Frank
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Anandakumar Shunmugavel
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Alison Han
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Luca T Giurgea
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Luz Angela Rosas
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Rachel Bean
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Rani Athota
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Adriana Cervantes-Medina
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Monica Gouzoulis
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Brittany Heffelfinger
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Shannon Valenti
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Rocco Caldararo
- Clinical Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Michelle M Kolberg
- Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Andrew Kelly
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Reid Simon
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Saifullah Shafiq
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Vanessa Wall
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Susan Reed
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Eric W Ford
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ravi Lokwani
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - John-Paul Denson
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Simon Messing
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Sam G Michael
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - William Gillette
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Robert P Kimberly
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Steven E Reis
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Matthew D Hall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Dominic Esposito
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Matthew J Memoli
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA.
| | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA.
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16
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Hicks J, Klumpp-Thomas C, Kalish H, Shunmugavel A, Mehalko J, Denson JP, Snead KR, Drew M, Corbett KS, Graham BS, Hall MD, Memoli MJ, Esposito D, Sadtler K. Serologic Cross-Reactivity of SARS-CoV-2 with Endemic and Seasonal Betacoronaviruses. J Clin Immunol 2021; 41:906-913. [PMID: 33725211 PMCID: PMC7962425 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-021-00997-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In order to properly understand the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection and development of humoral immunity, researchers have evaluated the presence of serum antibodies of people worldwide experiencing the pandemic. These studies rely on the use of recombinant proteins from the viral genome in order to identify serum antibodies that recognize SARS-CoV-2 epitopes. Here, we discuss the cross-reactivity potential of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies with the full spike proteins of four other betacoronaviruses that cause disease in humans, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-HKU1. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), we detected the potential cross-reactivity of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 towards the four other coronaviruses, with the strongest cross-recognition between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS /MERS-CoV antibodies, as expected based on sequence homology of their respective spike proteins. Further analysis of cross-reactivity could provide informative data that could lead to intelligently designed pan-coronavirus therapeutics or vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hicks
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA.,Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Carleen Klumpp-Thomas
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Heather Kalish
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA.,Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Anandakumar Shunmugavel
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jennifer Mehalko
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - John-Paul Denson
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Kelly R Snead
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Matthew Drew
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Kizzmekia S Corbett
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Barney S Graham
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Matthew D Hall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Matthew J Memoli
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA
| | - Dominic Esposito
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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17
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Klumpp-Thomas C, Kalish H, Hicks J, Mehalko J, Drew M, Memoli MJ, Hall MD, Esposito D, Sadtler K. Effect of D614G Spike Variant on Immunoglobulin G, M, or A Spike Seroassay Performance. J Infect Dis 2021; 223:802-804. [PMID: 33257936 PMCID: PMC7798976 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Emergence of a new spike protein variant (D614G) with increased infectivity has prompted many to analyze its role in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. There is concern regarding whether an individual exposed to one variant of a virus will have cross-reactive memory to the second variant. Accordingly, we analyzed the serologic reactivity of both variants, and we found that antibodies from 88 donors from a high-incidence population reacted toward both the original spike and the D614 spike variant. These data suggest that patients who are exposed to either variant have cross-responsive humoral immunity. This represents an important finding both for SARS-CoV-2 disease biology and for therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carleen Klumpp-Thomas
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Heather Kalish
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer Hicks
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer Mehalko
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthew Drew
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthew J Memoli
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthew D Hall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Dominic Esposito
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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18
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Kalish H, Klumpp-Thomas C, Hunsberger S, Baus HA, Fay MP, Siripong N, Wang J, Hicks J, Mehalko J, Travers J, Drew M, Pauly K, Spathies J, Ngo T, Adusei KM, Karkanitsa M, Croker JA, Li Y, Graubard BI, Czajkowski L, Belliveau O, Chairez C, Snead K, Frank P, Shunmugavel A, Han A, Giurgea LT, Rosas LA, Bean R, Athota R, Cervantes-Medina A, Gouzoulis M, Heffelfinger B, Valenti S, Caldararo R, Kolberg MM, Kelly A, Simon R, Shafiq S, Wall V, Reed S, Ford EW, Lokwani R, Denson JP, Messing S, Michael SG, Gillette W, Kimberly RP, Reis SE, Hall MD, Esposito D, Memoli MJ, Sadtler K. Mapping a Pandemic: SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity in the United States. medRxiv 2021:2021.01.27.21250570. [PMID: 33532807 PMCID: PMC7852277 DOI: 10.1101/2021.01.27.21250570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and delayed implementation of diagnostics have led to poorly defined viral prevalence rates. To address this, we analyzed seropositivity in US adults who have not previously been diagnosed with COVID-19. Individuals with characteristics that reflect the US population (n = 11,382) and who had not previously been diagnosed with COVID-19 were selected by quota sampling from 241,424 volunteers (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04334954). Enrolled participants provided medical, geographic, demographic, and socioeconomic information and 9,028 blood samples. The majority (88.7%) of samples were collected between May 10th and July 31st, 2020. Samples were analyzed via ELISA for anti-Spike and anti-RBD antibodies. Estimation of seroprevalence was performed by using a weighted analysis to reflect the US population. We detected an undiagnosed seropositivity rate of 4.6% (95% CI: 2.6 - 6.5%). There was distinct regional variability, with heightened seropositivity in locations of early outbreaks. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that the highest estimated undiagnosed seropositivity within groups was detected in younger participants (ages 18-45, 5.9%), females (5.5%), Black/African American (14.2%), Hispanic (6.1%), and Urban residents (5.3%), and lower undiagnosed seropositivity in those with chronic diseases. During the first wave of infection over the spring/summer of 2020 an estimate of 4.6% of adults had a prior undiagnosed SARS-CoV-2 infection. These data indicate that there were 4.8 (95% CI: 2.8-6.8) undiagnosed cases for every diagnosed case of COVID-19 during this same time period in the United States, and an estimated 16.8 million undiagnosed cases by mid-July 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Kalish
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Carleen Klumpp-Thomas
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Sally Hunsberger
- Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Holly Ann Baus
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Michael P Fay
- Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Nalyn Siripong
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jing Wang
- Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick MD 21702
| | - Jennifer Hicks
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Jennifer Mehalko
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick MD 21702
| | - Jameson Travers
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Matthew Drew
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick MD 21702
| | - Kyle Pauly
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Jacquelyn Spathies
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Tran Ngo
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Kenneth M. Adusei
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Maria Karkanitsa
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Jennifer A Croker
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Yan Li
- Joint Program in Survey Methodology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Barry I. Graubard
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, Biostatistics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Lindsay Czajkowski
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Olivia Belliveau
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Cheryl Chairez
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Kelly Snead
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick MD 21702
| | - Peter Frank
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick MD 21702
| | - Anandakumar Shunmugavel
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Alison Han
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Luca T. Giurgea
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Luz Angela Rosas
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Rachel Bean
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Rani Athota
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Adriana Cervantes-Medina
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Monica Gouzoulis
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Brittany Heffelfinger
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Shannon Valenti
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Rocco Caldararo
- Clinical Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc, Frederick MD 21702
| | - Michelle M. Kolberg
- Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Andrew Kelly
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Reid Simon
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Saifullah Shafiq
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Vanessa Wall
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick MD 21702
| | - Susan Reed
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Eric W Ford
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Ravi Lokwani
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - John-Paul Denson
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick MD 21702
| | - Simon Messing
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick MD 21702
| | - Sam G. Michael
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - William Gillette
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick MD 21702
| | - Robert P. Kimberly
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Steven E. Reis
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew D. Hall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Dominic Esposito
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick MD 21702
| | - Matthew J. Memoli
- Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
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19
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Klumpp-Thomas C, Kalish H, Drew M, Hunsberger S, Snead K, Fay MP, Mehalko J, Shunmugavel A, Wall V, Frank P, Denson JP, Hong M, Gulten G, Messing S, Hicks J, Michael S, Gillette W, Hall MD, Memoli MJ, Esposito D, Sadtler K. Standardization of ELISA protocols for serosurveys of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic using clinical and at-home blood sampling. Nat Commun 2021; 12:113. [PMID: 33397956 PMCID: PMC7782755 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20383-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The extent of SARS-CoV-2 infection throughout the United States population is currently unknown. High quality serology is key to avoiding medically costly diagnostic errors, as well as to assuring properly informed public health decisions. Here, we present an optimized ELISA-based serology protocol, from antigen production to data analyses, that helps define thresholds for IgG and IgM seropositivity with high specificities. Validation of this protocol is performed using traditionally collected serum as well as dried blood on mail-in blood sampling kits. Archival (pre-2019) samples are used as negative controls, and convalescent, PCR-diagnosed COVID-19 patient samples serve as positive controls. Using this protocol, minimal cross-reactivity is observed for the spike proteins of MERS, SARS1, OC43 and HKU1 viruses, and no cross reactivity is observed with anti-influenza A H1N1 HAI. Our protocol may thus help provide standardized, population-based data on the extent of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity, immunity and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carleen Klumpp-Thomas
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA
| | - Heather Kalish
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA
| | - Matthew Drew
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Sally Hunsberger
- Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA
| | - Kelly Snead
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Michael P Fay
- Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA
| | - Jennifer Mehalko
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Anandakumar Shunmugavel
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA
| | - Vanessa Wall
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Peter Frank
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - John-Paul Denson
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Min Hong
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Gulcin Gulten
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Simon Messing
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Jennifer Hicks
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA
| | - Sam Michael
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - William Gillette
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Matthew D Hall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Matthew J Memoli
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA
| | - Dominic Esposito
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA.
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20
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Klumpp-Thomas C, Kalish H, Hicks J, Mehalko J, Drew M, Memoli MJ, Hall MD, Esposito D, Sadtler K. D614G Spike Variant Does Not Alter IgG, IgM, or IgA Spike Seroassay Performance. medRxiv 2020. [PMID: 32676618 DOI: 10.1101/2020.07.08.20147371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Emergence of a new variant of spike protein (D614G) with increased infectivity and transmissibility has prompted many to analyze the potential role of this variant in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. When a new variant emerges, there is a concern regarding whether an individual exposed to one variant of a virus will have cross-reactive immune memory to the second variant. Accordingly, we analyzed the serologic reactivity of D614 (original) and G614 variant spike proteins. We found that antibodies from a high-incidence population in New York City reacted both toward the original D614 spike and the G614 spike variant. These data suggest that patients who have been exposed to either SARS-CoV-2 variant have humoral immunity that can respond against both variants. This is an important finding both for SARS-CoV-2 disease biology and for potential antibody-based therapeutics.
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21
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Hicks J, Klumpp-Thomas C, Kalish H, Shunmugavel A, Mehalko J, Denson JP, Snead K, Drew M, Corbett K, Graham B, Hall MD, Memoli MJ, Esposito D, Sadtler K. Serologic cross-reactivity of SARS-CoV-2 with endemic and seasonal Betacoronaviruses. medRxiv 2020:2020.06.22.20137695. [PMID: 32596697 PMCID: PMC7315998 DOI: 10.1101/2020.06.22.20137695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In order to properly understand the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection and development of humoral immunity, researchers have evaluated the presence of serum antibodies of people worldwide experiencing the pandemic. These studies rely on the use of recombinant proteins from the viral genome in order to identify serum antibodies that recognize SARS-CoV-2 epitopes. Here, we discuss the cross-reactivity potential of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies with the full spike proteins of four other Betacoronaviruses that cause disease in humans, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-HKU1. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), we detected the potential cross-reactivity of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 towards the four other coronaviruses, with the strongest cross-recognition between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS /MERS-CoV antibodies, as expected based on sequence homology of their respective spike proteins. Further analysis of cross-reactivity could provide informative data that could lead to intelligently designed pan-coronavirus therapeutics or vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hicks
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20894
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20892
| | - Carleen Klumpp-Thomas
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20892
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville MD, 20850
| | - Heather Kalish
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20894
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20892
| | - Anandakumar Shunmugavel
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20892
| | - Jennifer Mehalko
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - John-Paul Denson
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Kelly Snead
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Matthew Drew
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Kizzmekia Corbett
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Barney Graham
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Matthew D Hall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville MD, 20850
| | - Matthew J Memoli
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Dominic Esposito
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20892
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22
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Klumpp-Thomas C, Kalish H, Drew M, Hunsberger S, Snead K, Fay MP, Mehalko J, Shunmugavel A, Wall V, Frank P, Denson JP, Hong M, Gulten G, Messing S, Hicks J, Michael S, Gillette W, Hall MD, Memoli M, Esposito D, Sadtler K. Standardization of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for serosurveys of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic using clinical and at-home blood sampling. medRxiv 2020:2020.05.21.20109280. [PMID: 32511472 PMCID: PMC7265693 DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.21.20109280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The extent of SARS-CoV-2 infection throughout the United States population is currently unknown. High quality serology is a key tool to understanding the spread of infection, immunity against the virus, and correlates of protection. Limited validation and testing of serology assays used for serosurveys can lead to unreliable or misleading data, and clinical testing using such unvalidated assays can lead to medically costly diagnostic errors and improperly informed public health decisions. Estimating prevalence and clinical decision making is highly dependent on specificity. Here, we present an optimized ELISA-based serology protocol from antigen production to data analysis. This protocol defines thresholds for IgG and IgM for determination of seropositivity with estimated specificity well above 99%. Validation was performed using both traditionally collected serum and dried blood on mail-in blood sampling kits, using archival (pre-2019) negative controls and known PCR-diagnosed positive patient controls. Minimal cross-reactivity was observed for the spike proteins of MERS, SARS1, OC43 and HKU1 viruses and no cross reactivity was observed with anti-influenza A H1N1 HAI titer during validation. This strategy is highly specific and is designed to provide good estimates of seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in a population, providing specific and reliable data from serosurveys and clinical testing which can be used to better evaluate and understand SARS-CoV-2 immunity and correlates of protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carleen Klumpp-Thomas
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville MD, 20850
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Heather Kalish
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20894
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Matthew Drew
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Sally Hunsberger
- Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Kelly Snead
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Michael P Fay
- Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Jennifer Mehalko
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Anandakumar Shunmugavel
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Vanessa Wall
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Peter Frank
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - John-Paul Denson
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Min Hong
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Gulcin Gulten
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Simon Messing
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Jennifer Hicks
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Sam Michael
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville MD, 20850
| | - William Gillette
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Matthew D Hall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville MD, 20850
| | - Matthew Memoli
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Dominic Esposito
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- Section on Immuno-Engineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20894
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23
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Liu Y, Yang Z, Huang X, Yu G, Wang S, Zhou Z, Shen Z, Fan W, Liu Y, Davisson M, Kalish H, Niu G, Nie Z, Chen X. Glutathione-Responsive Self-Assembled Magnetic Gold Nanowreath for Enhanced Tumor Imaging and Imaging-Guided Photothermal Therapy. ACS Nano 2018; 12:8129-8137. [PMID: 30001110 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b02980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Designing nanomaterials with advanced functions and physical properties to improve cancer diagnosis and treatment has been an enormous challenge. In this work, we report the synthesis of magnetic gold nanowreaths (AuNWs) by combining wet-chemical synthesis with layer-by-layer self-assembly. The presence of Au branches, small junctions, and central holes in AuNWs led to improved photothermal effect compared with Au nanoring seeds and thick Au nanoring with smooth surface. The self-assembly of exceedingly small magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (ES-MIONs) on the surfaces of AuNWs not only effectively quenched the T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ability due to the enhanced T2 decaying effect but also provided the responsiveness to glutathione (GSH). After intravenous injection, the T1 signal of magnetic AuNWs initially in the "OFF" state can be intelligently switched on in response to the relatively high GSH concentration in tumor, and the formation of larger assemblies of ES-MIONs improved their tumor delivery compared to ES-MIONs themselves. Thus, the magnetic AuNWs showed higher MRI contrast than ES-MIONs or commercial Magnevist in T1-weighted MR imaging of tumor. Furthermore, the magnetic AuNWs have absorption in near-infrared range, leading to strong photoacoustic signal and effective photoablation of tumor. Therefore, our GSH-responsive self-assembled magnetic AuNWs could enhance T1-weighted MRI and photoacoustic imaging of tumor and be used for imaging-guided photothermal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Zhen Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Xiaolin Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047 , P. R. China
| | - Guocan Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Sheng Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Zijian Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Zheyu Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province, and Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 1219 Zhongguan West Road , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
| | - Wenpei Fan
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Matthew Davisson
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Heather Kalish
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Gang Niu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Zhihong Nie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
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24
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Liu Y, Wang Z, Liu Y, Zhu G, Jacobson O, Fu X, Bai R, Lin X, Lu N, Yang X, Fan W, Song J, Wang Z, Yu G, Zhang F, Kalish H, Niu G, Nie Z, Chen X. Suppressing Nanoparticle-Mononuclear Phagocyte System Interactions of Two-Dimensional Gold Nanorings for Improved Tumor Accumulation and Photothermal Ablation of Tumors. ACS Nano 2017; 11:10539-10548. [PMID: 28953351 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b05908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The clearance of nanoparticles (NPs) by mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) from blood leads to high liver and spleen uptake and negatively impacts their tumor delivery efficiency. Here we systematically evaluated the in vitro and in vivo nanobio interactions of a two-dimensional (2D) model, gold (Au) nanorings, which were compared with Au nanospheres and Au nanoplates of similar size. Among different shapes, Au nanorings achieved the lowest MPS uptake and highest tumor accumulation. Among different sizes, 50 nm Au nanorings showed the highest tumor delivery efficiency. In addition, we demonstrated the potential use of Au naonrings in photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy. Thus, engineering the shape, surface area, and size of Au nanostructures is important in controlling NP-MPS interactions and improving the tumor uptake efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoying Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhihong Nie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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25
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Czikora A, Kedei N, Kalish H, Blumberg PM. Importance of the REM (Ras exchange) domain for membrane interactions by RasGRP3. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2017; 1859:2350-2360. [PMID: 28912101 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
RasGRP comprises a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, regulating the dissociation of GDP from Ras GTPases to enhance the formation of the active GTP-bound form. RasGRP1 possesses REM (Ras exchange), GEF (catalytic), EF-hand, C1, SuPT (suppressor of PT), and PT (plasma membrane-targeting) domains, among which the C1 domain drives membrane localization in response to diacylglycerol or phorbol ester and the PT domain recognizes phosphoinositides. The homologous family member RasGRP3 shows less plasma membrane localization. The objective of this study was to explore the role of the different domains of RasGRP3 in membrane translocation in response to phorbol esters. The full-length RasGRP3 shows limited translocation to the plasma membrane in response to PMA, even when the basic hydrophobic cluster in the PT domain, reported to be critical for RasGRP1 translocation to endogenous activators, is mutated to resemble that of RasGRP1. Moreover, exchange of the C-termini (SuPT-PT domain) of the two proteins had little effect on their plasma membrane translocation. On the other hand, while the C1 domain of RasGRP3 alone showed partial plasma membrane translocation, truncated RasGRP3 constructs, which contain the PT domain and are missing the REM, showed stronger translocation, indicating that the REM of RasGRP3 was a suppressor of its membrane interaction. The REM of RasGRP1 failed to show comparable suppression of RasGRP3 translocation. The marked differences between RasGRP3 and RasGRP1 in membrane interaction necessarily will contribute to their different behavior in cells and are relevant to the design of selective ligands as potential therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Czikora
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Noemi Kedei
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Heather Kalish
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science (BEPS), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) National Institutes of Health, United States
| | - Peter M Blumberg
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
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26
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Liu Y, Yang X, Huang Z, Huang P, Zhang Y, Deng L, Wang Z, Zhou Z, Liu Y, Kalish H, Khachab NM, Chen X, Nie Z. Magneto-Plasmonic Janus Vesicles for Magnetic Field-Enhanced Photoacoustic and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Tumors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:15297-15300. [PMID: 27862808 PMCID: PMC5131874 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201608338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Magneto-plasmonic Janus vesicles (JVs) integrated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and magnetic NPs (MNPs) were prepared asymmetrically in the membrane for in vivo cancer imaging. The hybrid JVs were produced by coassembling a mixture of hydrophobic MNPs, free amphiphilic block copolymers (BCPs), and AuNPs tethered with amphiphilic BCPs. Depending on the size and content of NPs, the JVs acquired spherical or hemispherical shapes. Among them, hemispherical JVs containing 50 nm AuNPs and 15 nm MNPs showed a strong absorption in the near-infrared (NIR) window and enhanced the transverse relaxation (T2 ) contrast effect, as a result of the ordering and dense packing of AuNPs and MNPs in the membrane. The magneto-plasmonic JVs were used as drug delivery vehicles, from which the release of a payload can be triggered by NIR light and the release rate can be modulated by a magnetic field. Moreover, the JVs were applied as imaging agents for in vivo bimodal photoacoustic (PA) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of tumors by intravenous injection. With an external magnetic field, the accumulation of the JVs in tumors was significantly increased, leading to a signal enhancement of approximately 2-3 times in the PA and MR imaging, compared with control groups without a magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742 (USA). Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (USA) and Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science (BEPS), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (USA)
| | - Xiangyu Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (USA) and Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science (BEPS), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (USA)
| | - Zhiqi Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742 (USA)
| | - Peng Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060 (P.R. China)
| | - Yang Zhang
- Smart Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Lab Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900 (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia)
| | - Lin Deng
- Smart Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Lab Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900 (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia)
| | - Zhantong Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (USA) and Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science (BEPS), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (USA)
| | - Zijian Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (USA) and Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science (BEPS), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (USA)
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742 (USA)
| | - Heather Kalish
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (USA) and Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science (BEPS), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (USA)
| | - Niveen M. Khachab
- Smart Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Lab Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900 (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia)
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (USA) and Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science (BEPS), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (USA)
| | - Zhihong Nie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742 (USA)
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27
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Liu Y, Yang X, Huang Z, Huang P, Zhang Y, Deng L, Wang Z, Zhou Z, Liu Y, Kalish H, Khachab NM, Chen X, Nie Z. Magneto-Plasmonic Janus Vesicles for Magnetic Field-Enhanced Photoacoustic and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Tumors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201608338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Maryland; College Park MD 20742 USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB); National Institutes of Health; USA
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science (BEPS), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB); National Institutes of Health; USA
| | - Xiangyu Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB); National Institutes of Health; USA
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science (BEPS), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB); National Institutes of Health; USA
| | - Zhiqi Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Maryland; College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Peng Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Smart Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Lab, Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST); Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Lin Deng
- Smart Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Lab, Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST); Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhantong Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB); National Institutes of Health; USA
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science (BEPS), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB); National Institutes of Health; USA
| | - Zijian Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB); National Institutes of Health; USA
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science (BEPS), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB); National Institutes of Health; USA
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Maryland; College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Heather Kalish
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB); National Institutes of Health; USA
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science (BEPS), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB); National Institutes of Health; USA
| | - Niveen M. Khachab
- Smart Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Lab, Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST); Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB); National Institutes of Health; USA
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science (BEPS), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB); National Institutes of Health; USA
| | - Zhihong Nie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Maryland; College Park MD 20742 USA
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28
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Phillips TM, Wellner E, McMohan S, Kalish H. Measurement of Inflammatory Chemokines in Micro-dissected Tissue Biopsy Samples by Chip-Based Immunoaffinity Capillary Electrophoresis. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1466:121-136. [PMID: 27473486 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-4014-1_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To aid in the biochemical analysis of human skin biopsies, a chip-based immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis (ICE) system has been developed for measuring inflammatory chemokines in micro-dissected areas of the biopsy. Following isolation of the areas of interest, the tissue was solubilized and the analytes of interest were isolated by the immunoaffinity disk within the chip. The captured analytes were labeled in situ with a 635 nm light-emitting laser dye and electro-eluted into the chip separation channel. Electrophoretic separation of all of the analytes was achieved in 2.5 min with quantification of each peak being performed by online LIF detection and integration of each peak area. The degree of accuracy and precision achieved by the chip-based system is comparable to conventional immunoassays and the system is robust enough to be applied to the analysis of clinical samples. Further, with the expanding array of antibodies that are commercially available, this chip-based system can be applied to a wide variety of different biomedical and clinical analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry M Phillips
- Microanalytical Immunochemistry Unit, Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science Shared Resource, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, 4101 Albemarle Street NW Unit 508, Washington, DC, 20016, USA.
| | - Edward Wellner
- Retired from National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shane McMohan
- Microanalytical Immunochemistry Unit, Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science Shared Resource, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Heather Kalish
- Microanalytical Immunochemistry Unit, Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science Shared Resource, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
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Cizza G, Piaggi P, Lucassen EA, de Jonge L, Walter M, Mattingly MS, Kalish H, Csako G, Rother KI. Obstructive sleep apnea is a predictor of abnormal glucose metabolism in chronically sleep deprived obese adults. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65400. [PMID: 23734252 PMCID: PMC3667085 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Sleep abnormalities, including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), have been associated with insulin resistance. Objective To determine the relationship between sleep, including OSA, and glucose parameters in a prospectively assembled cohort of chronically sleep-deprived obese subjects. Design Cross-sectional evaluation of a prospective cohort study. Setting Tertiary Referral Research Clinical Center. Main Outcome Measure(s) Sleep duration and quality assessed by actigraphy, sleep diaries and questionnaires, OSA determined by a portable device; glucose metabolism assessed by oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT), and HbA1c concentrations in 96 obese individuals reporting sleeping less than 6.5 h on a regular basis. Results Sixty % of subjects had an abnormal respiratory disturbance index (RDI≥5) and 44% of these subjects had abnormal oGTT results. Severity of OSA as assessed by RDI score was associated with fasting glucose (R = 0.325, p = 0.001) and fasting insulin levels (ρ = 0.217, p = 0.033). Subjects with moderate to severe OSA (RDI>15) had higher glucose concentrations at 120 min than those without OSA (RDI<5) (p = 0.017). Subjects with OSA also had significantly higher concentrations of plasma ACTH (p = 0.009). Several pro-inflammatory cytokines were higher in subjects with OSA (p<0.050). CRP levels were elevated in this sample, suggesting increased cardiovascular risk. Conclusions OSA is associated with impaired glucose metabolism in obese, sleep deprived individuals. Since sleep apnea is common and frequently undiagnosed, health care providers should be aware of its occurrence and associated risks. Trial Registration This study was conducted under the NIDDK protocol 06-DK-0036 and is listed in ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00261898
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Cizza
- Section on Neuroendocrinology of Obesity, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Disease, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
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Abstract
Immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis (ICE) is a powerful tool used to detect and quantify target proteins of interest in complex biological fluids. The target analyte is captured and bound to antibodies immobilized onto the wall of a capillary, labeled in situ with a fluorescent dye, eluted and detected online using laser-induced fluorescence following electrophoretic separation. Here, we illustrate how to construct an immunoaffinity capillary and utilize it to run ICE in order to capture and quantify target cytokines and chemokines from a clinical sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Mendonca
- Micro Analytical Immunochemistry Unit, Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science Shared Resource, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Kalish H, Phillips TM. Assessment of chemokine profiles in human skin biopsies by an immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis chip. Methods 2011; 56:198-203. [PMID: 22197729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2011.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Revised: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a skin condition resulting in a skin rash from exposure to environmental factors. Skin biopsies taken from patients suffering from atopic dermatitis were micro-dissected and analyzed using a microchip-based immunoaffinity CE system for the presence of CXCL1, CXCL5 and CXCL8 and CCL1, CCL3 and CCL5 chemokines. Disposable immunoaffinity disks with immobilized antibodies were used to capture the CXC and CC chemokines from the homogenized skin samples. The captured analytes were then labeled with AlexaFluor 633, eluted from the disk and separated by CE. The labeled chemokines were identified and quantified by laser induced fluorescence. The total analysis time was less than 40min, including the biopsy microdissection, pre-analysis preparation of the sample and the ICE-CHIP analysis, which took less than 10min with inter- and intra-assay CV's below 6.4%. Microchip-based immunoaffinity CE could distinguish between normal skin biopsies and those with inflammation. Patients with neutrophil cellular infiltrates by histopathology showed increased concentrations of CXCL1, CXCL5 and CXCL8 while increases of CCL1, CCL3 and CCL5 corresponded to the patient group demonstrating monocytic and T-lymphocyte infiltration by histopathology. This system demonstrates the ability to identify and quantify immunochemical analytes in frozen sections taken from clinical histopathology samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Kalish
- Micro Analytical Immunochemistry Unit, Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science Shared Resource, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Building 13, Room 3E41, 13 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA.
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Abstract
A chip-based receptor affinity CE system has been employed to measure the concentrations of bioactive pro-inflammatory cytokines in biopsy materials obtained from human atopic skin lesions. The device employs a replaceable affinity disk to which recombinant cytokine receptors have been chemically immobilized. Homogenates obtained from micro-dissected human skin samples were injected into the system where the bioactive cytokines were captured in the receptor affinity port and labeled in situ with a laser dye. The captured cytokines were released and separated by CE, the resolved peaks being detected and measured by laser-induced fluorescence. When compared with conventional cell-based bioassays, the affinity receptor chip showed reasonable correlation with r(2) values of 0.998 for interferon gamma, 0.994 for IL-6 and 0.991 for tumor necrosis factor alpha. The complete process including cytokine capture, labeling, and analysis took approximately 12.5 min with intra- and inter-assay CVs below 5.3% and recoveries of 84.9-98.4% at the 100 pg/mL concentration in buffer solutions and 84.5-95% in normal human tissue extract. The system could indicate clear differences between the various clinical stages of atopic dermatitis in human patients and could run 4-6 samples per hour. This system, like previous chip-based systems designed in our laboratory, holds the potential for being modified to be a portable unit that could be used in clinics and other biomedical screening studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry M Phillips
- Laboratory of Bioengineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Kalish H, Phillips TM. Analysis of neurotrophins in human serum by immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis (ICE) following traumatic head injury. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 878:194-200. [PMID: 19896422 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2009] [Revised: 10/20/2009] [Accepted: 10/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Neurotrophins, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), neurotrophin-4 (NT-4), and beta-nerve growth factor (beta-NGF), play an active role in the development, maintenance and survival of cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Previous research has indicated that a decrease in concentrations of these neurotrophins is often associated with cell death and ultimately patient demise. However, much of the research conducted analyses of samples taken directly from the CNS, i.e., of samples that are not readily available in clinical trauma centers. In an attempt to obtain a method for evaluating neurotrophins in a more readily accessible matrix, i.e., serum, a precise and accurate immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis (ICE) method was developed and applied to measure neurotrophins in serum from patients with various degrees of head injury. The five neurotrophins of interest were extracted and concentrated by specific immunochemically immobilized antibodies, bound directly to the capillary wall, and eluted and separated in approximately 10min. NT-3, BDNF, CNTF and beta-NGF showed a marked decrease in concentration as the severity of the head injury increased: mild versus severe: 91% decrease for NT-3; 93 % decrease for BDNF; 93 % decrease for CNTF; and a 87 % decrease for beta-NGF. This decrease in concentration is consistent with the neuro-protective roles that neurotrophins play in the maintenance and survival of neuronal cells. The results obtained by the ICE method were closely comparable with those generated by a commercially available ELISA method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Kalish
- Ultramicro Immunodiagnostics Section, Laboratory of Bioengineering & Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA.
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Kalish H, Phillips TM. Application of immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis to the measurements of secreted cytokines by cultured astrocytes. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:1605-12. [PMID: 19472286 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The ability of the central nervous system (CNS) to act in conjunction with the immune system has been of great interest to both neurobiologists and immunologists. Previous studies have shown that astrocytes can be stimulated, by various peptides, to act as immune regulators within the CNS and release cytokines and chemokines. However, the regulatory mechanism of astrocytes is still poorly understood. Our present study describes a micro-device capable of monitoring the growth and stimulation of 20 astrocytes by vasoactive intestinal peptide. A microdialysis needle was used to collect the secretion by products, which were analyzed by immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis (ICE) for the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha; hemopoietic cytokines, IL-3, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF); and chemokines; regulated upon activation normal T-cell expression sequence (RANTES), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and MIP-1beta. Vasoactive intestinal peptide stimulated astrocytes showed an almost immediate release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, with an increase over baseline ranging from 3 to 15 fold, while no substantial increase over baseline was observed for hemopoietic cytokines. This system demonstrates the ability to isolate individual cells in a closely controlled environment and identify and quantify their analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Kalish
- Ultramicro Immunodiagnostics Section, Laboratory of Bioengineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Wellner EF, Kalish H. A chip-based immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis assay for assessing hormones in human biological fluids. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:3477-83. [PMID: 18651671 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A chip-based capillary electrophoresis system has been designed for assessing the concentrations of four hormones in whole human blood, saliva, and urine. The desired analytes were isolated by immunoextraction using a panel of four analyte-specific antibodies immobilized onto a glass fiber insert within the injection port of the chip. Following extraction, the captured analytes were labeled prior to electro-elution into the chip separation channel, where they were resolved into four individual peaks in circa 2 min. Quantification of each peak was achieved by on-line LIF detection and integration of the area under each peak. Comparison to commercial high-sensitivity immunoassays demonstrated that the chip-based assay provided fast, accurate, and precise measurements for the analytes under investigation. As the availability of commercially available antibodies rapidly expands, the application of this system will greatly increase. Chip-based CE separations of multiple analytes from a single sample also provide a significant advantage in the analysis of small samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward F Wellner
- Nanoscale Immunodiagnostics, Laboratory of Bioengineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Frank JA, Kalish H, Jordan EK, Anderson SA, Pawelczyk E, Arbab AS. Color transformation and fluorescence of Prussian blue-positive cells: implications for histologic verification of cells labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Mol Imaging 2007; 6:212-8. [PMID: 17532887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles, either modified or in combination with other macromolecules, are being used for magnetic labeling of stem cells and other cells to monitor cell trafficking by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in experimental models. The correlation of histology to MRI depends on the ability to detect SPIO-labeled cells using Prussian blue (PB) stain and fluorescent tags to cell surface markers. Exposure of PB-positive sections to ultraviolet light at a wavelength of 365 nm commonly used fluorescence microscopy can result in color transformation of PB-positive material from blue to brown. Although the PB color transformation is primarily an artifact that may occur during fluorescence microscopy, the transformation can be manipulated using imaging process software for the detection of low levels of iron labeled cells in tissues samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Frank
- Experimental Neuroimaging Section, Laboratory of Diagnostic Radiology Research and Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Instituets of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Frank JA, Kalish H, Jordan EK, Anderson SA, Pawelczyk E, Arbab AS. Color Transformation and Fluorescence of Prussian Blue–Positive Cells: Implications for Histologic Verification of Cells Labeled with Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles. Mol Imaging 2007. [DOI: 10.2310/7290.2007.00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A. Frank
- From the Experimental Neuroimaging Section, Laboratory of Diagnostic Radiology Research and Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, and Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI
| | - Heather Kalish
- From the Experimental Neuroimaging Section, Laboratory of Diagnostic Radiology Research and Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, and Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI
| | - E. Kay Jordan
- From the Experimental Neuroimaging Section, Laboratory of Diagnostic Radiology Research and Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, and Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI
| | - Stasia A. Anderson
- From the Experimental Neuroimaging Section, Laboratory of Diagnostic Radiology Research and Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, and Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI
| | - Edyta Pawelczyk
- From the Experimental Neuroimaging Section, Laboratory of Diagnostic Radiology Research and Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, and Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI
| | - Ali S. Arbab
- From the Experimental Neuroimaging Section, Laboratory of Diagnostic Radiology Research and Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, and Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI
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Bondarenko V, Wang J, Kalish H, Balch AL, La Mar GN. Solution 1H NMR study of the accommodation of the side chain of n-butyl-etiohemin-I incorporated into the active site of cyano-metmyoglobin. J Biol Inorg Chem 2005; 10:283-93. [PMID: 15821940 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-005-0640-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2004] [Accepted: 03/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In order to identify the most readily deformable portion of the heme pocket in myoglobin, equine myoglobin was reconstituted with a meso-n-butyl substituent on centrosymmetric etiohemin-I. Solution 1H NMR data for the low-spin iron(III) cyanide complex of oxidized myoglobin that include 2D nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy contacts, paramagnetic relaxation, and dipolar shifts resulting from magnetic anisotropy show that the heme binds uniquely to the iron in a manner that arranges the methyl and ethyl substituents on a given pyrrole in a clockwise manner when viewed from the proximal side, and with the n-butyl group seated at the canonical alpha-meso position of native protohemin-IX. The butyl group is oriented sharply toward the proximal side and its protein contacts demonstrate that it is oriented largely into the "xenon hole" in myoglobin. The location of the n-butyl group on the proximal side near the vacancies places it within the region found to be most flexible in molecular dynamics simulation. A small, counterclockwise rotation of the pyrrole N-Fe-N vector of n-butyl-etiohemin-I relative to that for native protohemin, indicated by both the prosthetic group methyl contact shift pattern and the prosthetic group contacts to heme pocket residues, is proposed to allow the xenon hole to accommodate better the n-butyl group. In contrast to previous work, which showed that a bulky polar substituent on etiohemin-I preferentially seats at the canonical gamma-meso position, the nonpolar n-butyl group selects the alpha-meso position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasyl Bondarenko
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Arbab AS, Yocum GT, Kalish H, Jordan EK, Anderson SA, Khakoo AY, Read EJ, Frank JA. Efficient magnetic cell labeling with protamine sulfate complexed to ferumoxides for cellular MRI. Blood 2004; 104:1217-23. [PMID: 15100158 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2004-02-0655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 470] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, there have been several reports using various superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles to label mammalian cells for monitoring their temporal and spatial migration in vivo by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency and toxicity of labeling cells using 2 commercially available Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved agents, ferumoxides, a suspension of dextran-coated SPIO used as an MRI contrast agent, and protamine sulfate, conventionally used to reverse heparin anticoagulation but also used ex vivo as a cationic transfection agent. After labeling of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and hematopoietic (CD34+) stem cells and other mammalian cells with ferumoxides-protamine sulfate complexes (FE-Pro), cellular toxicity, functional capacity, and quantitative cellular iron incorporation were determined. FE-Pro-labeled cells demonstrated no short- or long-term toxicity, changes in differentiation capacity of the stem cells, or changes in phenotype when compared with unlabeled cells. Efficient labeling with FE-Pro was observed with iron content per cell varying between 2.01 +/- 0.1 pg for CD34+ cells and 10.94 +/- 1.86 pg for MSCs with 100% of cells labeled. Cell labeling using these agents should facilitate the translation of this method to clinical trials for evaluation of trafficking of infused or transplanted cells by MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali S Arbab
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Radiology Research, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room no. B1N256, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Arbab AS, Bashaw LA, Miller BR, Jordan EK, Lewis BK, Kalish H, Frank JA. Characterization of biophysical and metabolic properties of cells labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and transfection agent for cellular MR imaging. Radiology 2004; 229:838-46. [PMID: 14657318 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2293021215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 484] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of using the ferumoxides-poly-l-lysine (PLL) complex for magnetic cell labeling on the long-term viability, function, metabolism, and iron utilization of mammalian cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS PLL was incubated with ferumoxides for 60 minutes, incompletely coating the superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) through electrostatic interactions. Cells were coincubated overnight with the ferumoxides-PLL complex, and iron uptake, cell viability, apoptosis indexes, and reactive oxygen species formation were evaluated. The disappearance or the life span of the detectable iron nanoparticles in cells was also evaluated. The iron concentrations in the media also were assessed at different time points. Data were expressed as the mean +/- 1 SD, and one-way analysis of variance and the unpaired Student t test were used to test for significant differences. RESULTS Intracytoplasmic nanoparticles were stained with Prussian blue when the ferumoxides-PLL complex had magnetically labeled the human mesenchymal stem and HeLa cells. The long-term viability, growth rate, and apoptotic indexes of the labeled cells were unaffected by the endosomal incorporation of SPIO, as compared with these characteristics of the nonlabeled cells. In nondividing human mesenchymal stem cells, endosomal iron nanoparticles could be detected after 7 weeks; however, in rapidly dividing cells, intracellular iron had disappeared by five to eight divisions. A nonsignificant transient increase in reactive oxygen species production was seen in the human mesenchymal stem and HeLa cell lines. Labeled human mesenchymal stem cells did not differentiate to other lineage. A significant increase in iron concentration was observed in both the human mesenchymal stem and HeLa cell media at day 7. CONCLUSION Magnetic cellular labeling with the ferumoxides-PLL complex had no short- or long-term toxic effects on tumor or stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali S Arbab
- Experimental Neuroimaging Section, Laboratory of Diagnostic Radiology Research, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Rm B1N256, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Arbab AS, Yocum GT, Wilson LB, Parwana A, Jordan EK, Kalish H, Frank JA. Comparison of transfection agents in forming complexes with ferumoxides, cell labeling efficiency, and cellular viability. Mol Imaging 2004. [PMID: 15142409 DOI: 10.1162/153535004773861697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
By complexing ferumoxides or superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) to transfection agents (TAs), it is possible to magnetically label mammalian cells. There has been no systematic study comparing TAs complexed to SPIO as far as cell labeling efficiency and viability. This study investigates the toxicity and labeling efficiency at various doses of FEs complexed to different TAs in mammalian cells. Different classes of TAs were used, such as polycationic amines, dendrimers, and lipid-based agents. Cellular toxicity was measured using doses of TAs from 1 to 50 microg/mL in incubation media. Iron incorporation efficiency was measured by combining various amounts of FEs and different doses of TAs. Lipofectamine2000 showed toxicity at lowest dose (1 microg/mL), whereas FuGENE6 and low molecular weight poly-L-lysine (PLL) showed the least toxicity. SPIO labeling efficiency was similar with high-molecular-weight PLL (388.1 kDa) and superfect, whereas FuGENE6 and low-molecular-weight PLL were inefficient in labeling cells. Concentrations of 25 to 50 microg/mL of FEs complexed to TAs in media resulted in sufficient endocytosis of the SPIO into endosomes to detect cells on cellular magnetic resonance imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Syed Arbab
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Radiology Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Arbab AS, Yocum GT, Wilson LB, Parwana A, Jordan EK, Kalish H, Frank JA. Comparison of Transfection Agents in Forming Complexes with Ferumoxides, Cell Labeling Efficiency, and Cellular Viability. Mol Imaging 2004; 3:24-32. [PMID: 15142409 DOI: 10.1162/15353500200403190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
By complexing ferumoxides or superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) to transfection agents (TAs), it is possible to magnetically label mammalian cells. There has been no systematic study comparing TAs complexed to SPIO as far as cell labeling efficiency and viability. This study investigates the toxicity and labeling efficiency at various doses of FEs complexed to different TAs in mammalian cells. Different classes of TAs were used, such as polycationic amines, dendrimers, and lipid-based agents. Cellular toxicity was measured using doses of TAs from 1 to 50 microg/mL in incubation media. Iron incorporation efficiency was measured by combining various amounts of FEs and different doses of TAs. Lipofectamine2000 showed toxicity at lowest dose (1 microg/mL), whereas FuGENE6 and low molecular weight poly-L-lysine (PLL) showed the least toxicity. SPIO labeling efficiency was similar with high-molecular-weight PLL (388.1 kDa) and superfect, whereas FuGENE6 and low-molecular-weight PLL were inefficient in labeling cells. Concentrations of 25 to 50 microg/mL of FEs complexed to TAs in media resulted in sufficient endocytosis of the SPIO into endosomes to detect cells on cellular magnetic resonance imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Syed Arbab
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Radiology Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Rath SP, Kalish H, Latos-Grazyński L, Olmstead MM, Balch AL. Facile Ring Opening of Iron(III) and Iron(II) Complexes of meso-Amino-octaethylporphyrin by Dioxygen. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 126:646-54. [PMID: 14719964 DOI: 10.1021/ja0384431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pyridine solutions of ClFe(III)(meso-NH(2)-OEP) undergo oxidative ring opening when exposed to dioxygen. The high-spin iron(III) complex, ClFe(III)(meso-NH(2)-OEP), has been isolated and characterized by X-ray crystallography. In the solid state, it has a five-coordinate structure typical for high-spin (S = 5/2) iron(III) complex. In chloroform-d solution, ClFe(III)(meso-NH(2)-OEP) displays an (1)H NMR spectrum characteristic of a high-spin, five-coordinate complex and is unreactive toward dioxygen. However, in pyridine-d(5) solution a temperature-dependent equilibrium exists between the high-spin (S = 5/2), six-coordinate complex, [(py)ClFe(III)(meso-NH(2)-OEP)], and the six-coordinate, low spin (S = 1/2 with the less common (d(xz)d(yz))(4)(d(xy))(1) ground state)) complex, [(py)(2)Fe(III)(meso-NH(2)-OEP)](+). Such pyridine solutions are air-sensitive, and the remarkable degradation has been monitored by (1)H NMR spectroscopy. These studies reveal a stepwise conversion of ClFe(III)(meso-NH(2)-OEP) into an open-chain tetrapyrrole complex in which the original amino group and the attached meso carbon atom have been converted into a nitrile group. Additional oxidation at an adjacent meso carbon occurs to produce a ligand that binds iron by three pyrrole nitrogen atoms and the oxygen atom introduced at a meso carbon. This open-chain tetrapyrrole complex itself is sensitive to attack by dioxygen and is converted into a tripyrrole complex that is stable to further oxidation and has been isolated. The process of oxidation of the Fe(III) complex, ClFe(III)(meso-NH(2)-OEP), is compared with that of the iron(II) complex, (py)(2)Fe(II)(meso-NH(2)-OEP); both converge to form identical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankar Prasad Rath
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Kalish H, Arbab AS, Miller BR, Lewis BK, Zywicke HA, Bulte JWM, Bryant LH, Frank JA. Combination of transfection agents and magnetic resonance contrast agents for cellular imaging: relationship between relaxivities, electrostatic forces, and chemical composition. Magn Reson Med 2003; 50:275-82. [PMID: 12876703 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.10556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in electrostatic and magnetic resonance (MR) properties observed when MR contrast agents (CAs) (Feridex, MION-46L, or G5-dendrimer-DOTA-Gd) are combined with transfection agents (TAs) under various conditions for use as a CA-TA complex basis for cellular labeling and MRI. CAs were incubated with various classes of TAs for 0-48 hr in solutions of varying concentrations and pH values. NMR relaxation rates (1/T(1), 1/T(2)), MRI and zeta potential (ZP) of CA-TA solutions were measured. TAs decreased the 1/T(1) and 1/T(2) of G5-DOTA-Gd, Feridex, and MION-46L by 0-95%. Altering the pH of G5-DOTA-Gd-TA decreased the T(1)-weighted signal intensity (SI) on MRI from 0 to 78%. Measured ZP values for G5-DOTA-Gd, Feridex, and MION-46L were -51, -41, and -2.0 mV, respectively. The TA LV had a negative ZP, while the other TAs had ZPs ranging from +20 to +65 mV. The alteration of the ZP and NMR relaxivities of the MR CAs, Feridex, MION-46L, and G5-DOTA-Gd by TAs has been demonstrated. These results enhance our understanding of the relationship between electrostatic and MR properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kalish
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Radiology Research (CC), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
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Kalish H, Lee HM, Olmstead MM, Latos-Grazyński L, Rath SP, Balch AL. Heme cleavage with remarkable ease: paramagnetic intermediates formed by aerobic oxidation of a meso-amino-substituted iron porphyrin. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:4674-5. [PMID: 12696862 DOI: 10.1021/ja021253q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hemes must be oxidatively stable to carry out their functions as biological oxidants, but introduction of a single amino group at a meso position of octaethylheme renders it extremely sensitive to ring opening by dioxygen. Exposure of a red pyridine (py) solution of diamagnetic (py)(2)Fe(II)(H(2)N-OEP) (1) (H(2)N-OEP is the dianion of meso-amino-octaethylporphyrin) to air results in the immediate formation of a green intermediate which is subsequently converted into a second species that has been crystallized and characterized by X-ray diffraction. This process is distinct from coupled oxidation, a model for biological heme cleavage, because it does not require a sacrificial reducing agent to initiate the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Kalish
- Department of Chemistry, University of California - Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Kalish H, Camp JE, Stepień M, Latos-Grazyński L, Olmstead MM, Balch AL. meso Substituent effects on the geometric and electronic structures of high-spin and low-spin iron(III) complexes of mono-meso-substituted octaethylporphyrins. Inorg Chem 2002; 41:989-97. [PMID: 11849103 DOI: 10.1021/ic011034q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Introduction of a single meso substituent into ClFe(III)(OEP) or K[(NC)(2)Fe(OEP)] results in significant changes in the geometric and/or spectroscopic properties of these complexes. The mono-meso-substituted iron(III) complexes ClFe(III)(meso-Ph-OEP), ClFe(III)(meso-n-Bu-OEP), ClFe(III)(meso-MeO-OEP), ClFe(III)(meso-Cl-OEP), ClFe(III)(meso-NC-OEP), ClFe(III)(meso-HC(O)-OEP), and ClFe(III)(meso-O(2)N-OEP) have been isolated and characterized by their UV/vis and paramagnetically shifted (1)H NMR spectra. The structures of both ClFe(III)(meso-Ph-OEP) and ClFe(III)(meso-NC-OEP) have been determined by X-ray crystallography. Both molecules have five-coordinate structures typical for high-spin (S = 5/2) iron(III) complexes. However, the porphyrins themselves no longer have the domed shape seen in ClFe(III)(OEP), and the N(4) coordination environment possesses a slight rectangular distortion. These high-spin, mono-meso-substituted iron(III) complexes display (1)H NMR spectra in chloroform-d solution which indicate that the conformational changes seen in the solid-state structures are altered by normal molecular motion to produce spectra consistent with C(s) molecular symmetry. In pyridine solution the high-spin six-coordinate complexes [(py)ClFe(III)(meso-R-OEP)] form. In methanol solution in the presence of excess potassium cyanide, the low-spin six-coordinate complexes K[(NC)(2)Fe(III)(meso-R-OEP)] form. The (1)H NMR spectra of these show that electron-donating substituents produce an upfield relocation of the meso-proton chemical shifts. This relocation is interpreted in terms of increased contribution from the less common (d(xz),d(yz))(4)(d(xy))(1) ground electronic state as the meso substituent becomes more electron donating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Kalish
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Kalish H, Camp JE, Stepień M, Latos-Grazyński L, Balch AL. Reactivity of mono-meso-substituted iron(II) octaethylporphyrin complexes with hydrogen peroxide in the absence of dioxygen. Evidence for nucleophilic attack on the heme. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:11719-27. [PMID: 11716729 DOI: 10.1021/ja011545b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of the mono-meso-substituted iron(II) octaethylporphyrin complexes, (py)2Fe(II)(meso-NO2-OEP), (py)2Fe(II)(meso-CN-OEP), (py)2Fe(II)(meso-HC(O)-OEP), (py)2Fe(II)(meso-Cl-OEP), (py)2Fe(II)(meso-OMe-OEP), (py)2Fe(II)(meso-Ph-OEP), and (py)2Fe(II)(meso-n-Bu-OEP), with hydrogen peroxide in pyridine-d5 at -30 degrees C in the strict absence of dioxygen has been monitored by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The product oxophlorin complexes are stable as long as the samples are protected from exposure to dioxygen. Hydrogen peroxide reacts cleanly with mono-meso-substituted iron(II) porphyrins in pyridine solution under an inert atmosphere to form mixtures of three possible oxygenation products, (py)2Fe(cis-meso-R-OEPO), (py)2Fe(trans-meso-R-OEPO), and (py)2Fe(OEPO). The yields of (py)2Fe(OEPO), which results from replacement of the unique meso substituent, as a function of the identity of the meso substituent decrease in the order NO2 > HC(O) approximately equal to CN approximately equal to Cl > OMe > Ph, Bu, which suggests that the species responsible for attack on the porphyrin periphery is nucleophilic in nature. A mechanism involving isoporphyrin formation through attack of hydroxide ion on a cationic iron porphyrin with an oxidized porphyrin ring is suggested. The identity of the unique meso functionality also affects the regiospecificity of substitution when the unique meso group is retained. Although random attack at the two different meso sites is expected to yield a cis/trans product ratio of 2, the observed ratios vary in the following order: cyano, 5.0; n-butyl, 4.9; chloro, 3.2; formyl, 2.6; methoxy, 1.9; phenyl 1.4.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kalish
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Wang J, Li Y, Ma D, Kalish H, Balch AL, La Mar GN. Solution NMR determination of the seating(s) of meso-nitro-etioheme-1 in myoglobin: implications for steric constraints to meso position access in heme degradation by coupled oxidation. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:8080-8. [PMID: 11506564 DOI: 10.1021/ja010651a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The highly stereoselective cleavage of hemin in myoglobin by coupled oxidation has been attributed to steric barriers that leave more space near the alpha- than the other meso-positions. The steric barriers near meso positions in myoglobin have been investigated by establishing the thermodynamics and dynamics of possible seatings in the pocket of horse myoglobin of a four-fold symmetric etioheme I modified with a bulky nitro group at a single meso position. The cyanomet complex of this reconstituted myoglobin exhibits three sets of (1)H NMR resonances that are linked dynamically and occur in approximate populations ratios of 0.82:0.10:0.08. Two dimensional (1)H NMR has been used to assign the hemin and heme pocket resonances in the major isomer in solution and to determine that the hemin is oriented with the nitro group at the canonical gamma-meso position of native hemin. The dominance of this isomer is attributed to the solvent exposure of this portion of the hemin which stabilizes the highly polar nitro group. Using a combination of magnetization transfer among methyl groups of the three isomers due to "hopping" of the hemin about its normal, the assigned resonances of an isoelectronic, bis-cyano complex of meso-nitro-etioheme I, and the known essentially constant rhombic perturbation of heme pocket sites on the hyperfine shifts of heme methyl (Kolczak, U.; Hauksson, J. B.; Davis, N. L.; Pande, U.; de Ropp, J. S.; Langry, K. C.; Smith, K. M.; LaMar, G. N. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 835-843); the two minor isomers are shown to place their bulky nitro group at the canonical delta-meso (8%) and alpha-meso positions (10%). The comparable population of the isomers with nitro groups at the hydrophobic alpha- and delta-meso positions dictates that, while the static crystal structure finds more room near the alpha-meso position, the deformation at minimal energetic expense near the alpha- and delta-meso positions is comparable. These results argue that factors other than simple steric influences control the selectivity of the ring cleavage in myoglobin.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Kupersmith MJ, Kalish H, Epstein F, Yu G, Berenstein A, Woo H, Jafar J, Mandel G, De Lara F. Natural history of brainstem cavernous malformations. Neurosurgery 2001; 48:47-53; discussion 53-4. [PMID: 11152360 DOI: 10.1097/00006123-200101000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the natural history and determine the rates of intra- and extralesional hemorrhaging of brainstem cavernous malformations (cavernomas) monitored by one neuro-ophthalmology service. METHODS A record review of all patients with brainstem cavernomas who were evaluated by a neuroophthalmology service between 1987 and 1999 was performed. We recorded the clinical symptoms and Rankin disability grade at presentation, during the worst clinical episode, and at the last follow-up examination. Magnetic resonance imaging scans were reviewed for evidence of intralesional hemorrhage (a bleeding episode), edema, or venous anomalies, and the cavernoma size was assessed. RESULTS Thirty-seven patients (age range, 6-73 yr; mean age at presentation, 37.5 yr) underwent a mean of 4.9 years of follow-up monitoring. At presentation, there were 27 bleeding events and 8 nonhemorrhagic events; 2 patients did not exhibit symptoms. Patients who were at least 35 years of age exhibited a lower risk of bleeding episodes (odds ratio, 0.15; 95% confidence interval, 0.1-0.4). Cavernomas of at least 10 mm were associated with a higher risk of bleeding episodes (odds ratio, 3.48; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-9.4). Thirty-nine bleeding episodes occurred in 31 patients, yielding a bleeding rate of 2.46%/yr. There were eight rebleeding episodes, yielding a rebleeding rate of 5.1%/yr. Three patients experienced extralesional bleeding episodes; all of these patients experienced rebleeding. Of the 39 follow-up magnetic resonance imaging scans, the cavernoma size was unchanged in 66.7%, smaller in 18%, and larger in 15%. At the last follow-up examination, the mean Rankin grade was 1.0 for all patients, 0.6 for the 25 nonsurgically treated patients, and 1.4 for the 12 surgically treated patients. CONCLUSION Rebleeding is not more common among patients who first present with bleeding, and it often has little effect on the neurological status of patients. Significant morbidity attributable to a brainstem cavernoma occurred in 8% of patients during follow-up monitoring of medium duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Kupersmith
- Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
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