1
|
Ranasinghe S, Cui Y, Muhyieddeen A, Obrutu O, Wei J, Gulati M, Bittner V, Reis S, Handberg E, Pepine CJ, Merz CNB. Elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and adverse outcomes in women with symptoms of ischemic heart disease. Am Heart J Plus 2024; 40:100376. [PMID: 38510502 PMCID: PMC10946010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahjo.2024.100376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Background Emerging data in the general population and those with coronary artery disease demonstrate higher risk of adverse outcomes with high (>70 mg/dL) HDL-C levels. There are limited data on the risk of adverse outcomes in women with suspected ischemic heart disease. Objective To investigate relationships between high (>70 mg/dL), average (50-70 mg/dL), and low (<50 mg/dL) HDL-C levels with major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure hospitalization), and all-cause mortality in women referred for coronary angiography for suspected myocardial ischemia. Methods A total of 607 women enrolled in the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) original cohort (NCT00000554) with available HDL-C values were included in this analysis. Associations between HDL-C level and outcomes were evaluated using both multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression and spline regression analysis. Results The mean age was 59 ± 12 years, 62 % had 3 or more cardiac risk factors, and 66 (10.9 %) had a high HDL-C. High and low HDL-C were both associated with higher MACE risk compared to average HDL-C after adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics (HR 1.80, CI 1.03-3.14, p = 0.038; HR 1.63, CI 1.09-2.42, p = 0.016, respectively). Similarly, high, and low HDL-C were associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR 3.64, CI 1.84-7.20, p < 0.001; HR 2.81, CI 1.67-4.71, p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions High and low HDL-C levels are both independently associated with higher MACE and all-cause mortality in women with suspected ischemia undergoing coronary angiography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachini Ranasinghe
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Yujie Cui
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Amer Muhyieddeen
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Okezi Obrutu
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Janet Wei
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Martha Gulati
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Vera Bittner
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Steven Reis
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Eileen Handberg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Carl J. Pepine
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - C. Noel Bairey Merz
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Koczo A, Brickshawana A, Zhu J, Thoma F, Countouris M, Berlacher K, Gulati M, Michos ED, Reis S, Mulukutla S, Saeed A. Sex-Based Utilization of Guideline Recommended Statin Therapy and Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes: A Primary Prevention Healthcare Network Registry. medRxiv 2024:2024.01.22.24301511. [PMID: 38343794 PMCID: PMC10854347 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.22.24301511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Background In the US, women have similar cardiovascular death rates than men. Less is known about sex differences in statin use for primary prevention and associated atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) outcomes. Methods Statin prescriptions using electronic health records were examined in patients without ASCVD (myocardial infarction (MI), revascularization or ischemic stroke) between 2013-2019. Guideline-directed statin intensity (GDSI) at index and follow-up visits were compared among sexes across ASCVD risk groups, defined by pooled-cohort equation. Cox regression hazard ratios (HR) [95% CI] were calculated for statin use and outcomes (myocardial infarction, stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA), and all-cause mortality) stratified by sex. Interaction terms (statin and sex) were applied. Results Among 282,298 patients, (mean age ∼ 50 years) 17.1% women and 19.5% men were prescribed any statin at index visit. Time to GDSI was similar between sexes, but the proportion of high-risk women on GDSI at follow-ups was lower compared to high-risk men (2-years: 27.7 vs 32.0%, and 5-years: 47.2 vs 55.2%, p<0.05). When compared to GDSI, no statin use was associated with higher risk of MI and ischemic stroke/TIA amongst both sexes. High-risk women on GDSI had a lower risk of mortality (HR=1.39 [1.22-1.59]) versus men (HR=1.67 [1.50-1.86]) of similar risk (p value interaction=0.004). Conclusion In a large contemporary healthcare system, there was underutilization of statins across both sexes in primary prevention. High-risk women were less likely to be initiated on GDSI compared with high-risk men. GDSI significantly improved the survival in both sexes regardless of ASCVD risk group. Future strategies to ensure continued use of GDSI, specifically among women, should be explored.
Collapse
|
3
|
Schwartz BH, Choi SY, Mathews A, Aggarwal M, Handberg EM, Pepine CJ, Rogers W, Reis S, Cook-Wiens G, Merz CNB, Wei J. Dietary Composition, Angiographic Coronary Disease, and Cardiovascular Outcomes in the WISE Study (Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation). J Clin Med 2023; 12:7762. [PMID: 38137831 PMCID: PMC10743715 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies relating diet to angiographic coronary artery disease (CAD) and subsequent major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in women are limited. Information on diet was collected in the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE), a prospective cohort study of symptomatic women referred for coronary angiography to evaluate suspected ischemic heart disease. METHODS A consecutive subgroup (n = 201 of 936) of enrolled women completed the modified Block food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Data on outcomes were collected and adjudicated after 8-year follow-up. A set of logistic regression models were fitted for non-obstructive versus obstructive coronary stenosis (<50% versus ≥50%). Cox proportional hazard regression models were fitted for outcomes, with each dietary composition variable adjusted for the degree of coronary stenosis. RESULTS At baseline, the subgroup cohort was 58 ± 12 years old with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 ± 7 kg/m2. An increased proportion of calories consumed from protein was associated with higher levels of baseline obstructive coronary stenosis. Those individuals who ate a higher amount of protein, carotene, and servings of vegetables and meat, however, were each associated with lower subsequent adverse outcomes, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Among women undergoing coronary angiography for suspected CAD, a higher percentage of protein intake was associated with higher baseline stenosis severity; however, the amount of protein intake, vegetable, meat, and carotene intake, was conversely associated with subsequent lower adverse cardiovascular outcome risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon H. Schwartz
- Barbra Streisand Women’s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (B.H.S.); (C.N.B.M.)
| | - So Yung Choi
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (S.Y.C.); (G.C.-W.)
| | - Anne Mathews
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (A.M.); (M.A.); (E.M.H.)
| | - Monica Aggarwal
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (A.M.); (M.A.); (E.M.H.)
| | - Eileen M. Handberg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (A.M.); (M.A.); (E.M.H.)
| | - Carl J. Pepine
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (A.M.); (M.A.); (E.M.H.)
| | - William Rogers
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Steven Reis
- Division of Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA;
| | - Galen Cook-Wiens
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (S.Y.C.); (G.C.-W.)
| | - C. Noel Bairey Merz
- Barbra Streisand Women’s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (B.H.S.); (C.N.B.M.)
| | - Janet Wei
- Barbra Streisand Women’s Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (B.H.S.); (C.N.B.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Karkanitsa M, Li Y, Valenti S, Spathies J, Kelly S, Hunsberger S, Yee L, Croker JA, Wang J, Alfonso AL, Faust M, Mehalko J, Drew M, Denson JP, Putman Z, Fathi P, Ngo TB, Siripong N, Baus HA, Petersen B, Ford EW, Sundaresan V, Josyula A, Han A, Giurgea LT, Rosas LA, Bean R, Athota R, Czajkowski L, Klumpp-Thomas C, Cervantes-Medina A, Gouzoulis M, Reed S, Graubard B, Hall MD, Kalish H, Esposito D, Kimberly RP, Reis S, Sadtler K, Memoli MJ. Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence in a Large US population Over a Period of 12 Months. medRxiv 2023:2023.10.20.23297329. [PMID: 37904956 PMCID: PMC10614993 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.20.23297329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Due to a combination of asymptomatic or undiagnosed infections, the proportion of the United States population infected with SARS-CoV-2 was unclear from the beginning of the pandemic. We previously established a platform to screen for SARS-CoV-2 positivity across a representative proportion of the US population, from which we reported that almost 17 million Americans were estimated to have had undocumented infections in the Spring of 2020. Since then, vaccine rollout and prevalence of different SARS-CoV-2 variants have further altered seropositivity trends within the United States population. To explore the longitudinal impacts of the pandemic and vaccine responses on seropositivity, we re-enrolled participants from our baseline study in a 6- and 12- month follow-up study to develop a longitudinal antibody profile capable of representing seropositivity within the United States during a critical period just prior to and during the initiation of vaccine rollout. Initial measurements showed that, since July 2020, seropositivity elevated within this population from 4.8% at baseline to 36.2% and 89.3% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. We also evaluated nucleocapsid seropositivity and compared to spike seropositivity to identify trends in infection versus vaccination relative to baseline. These data serve as a window into a critical timeframe within the COVID-19 pandemic response and serve as a resource that could be used in subsequent respiratory illness outbreaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Karkanitsa
- Section on Immunoengineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Yan Li
- Joint Program in Survey Methodology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Shannon Valenti
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Jacquelyn Spathies
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science (BEPS), NIBIB, NIH, Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Sophie Kelly
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science (BEPS), NIBIB, NIH, Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Sally Hunsberger
- Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Laura Yee
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, MD 20894
| | - Jennifer A. Croker
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Andrea Lucia Alfonso
- Section on Immunoengineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Mondreakest Faust
- Section on Immunoengineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Jennifer Mehalko
- Protein Expression Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702
| | - Matthew Drew
- Protein Expression Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702
| | - John-Paul Denson
- Protein Expression Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702
| | - Zoe Putman
- Protein Expression Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702
| | - Parinaz Fathi
- Section on Immunoengineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Tran B. Ngo
- Section on Immunoengineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Nalyn Siripong
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Holly Ann Baus
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Brian Petersen
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Eric W. Ford
- Department of Health Care Organization, and Policy, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Vanathi Sundaresan
- Section on Immunoengineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Aditya Josyula
- Section on Immunoengineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Alison Han
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Luca T. Giurgea
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Luz Angela Rosas
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Rachel Bean
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Rani Athota
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Lindsay Czajkowski
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Carleen Klumpp-Thomas
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), NIH, Rockville, MD 20850
| | | | - Monica Gouzoulis
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Susan Reed
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Barry Graubard
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, Biostatistics Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
| | - Matthew D. Hall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), NIH, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Heather Kalish
- Trans-NIH Shared Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science (BEPS), NIBIB, NIH, Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Dominic Esposito
- Protein Expression Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702
| | - Robert P. Kimberly
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Steven Reis
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- Section on Immunoengineering, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda MD 20894
| | - Matthew J Memoli
- LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhou Y, McNeil D, Haworth S, Dudding T, Chernus J, Liu C, Liu D, Wright C, Brumbaugh J, Randall C, Weyant R, Crout R, Foxman B, Reis S, Timpson N, Marazita M, Shaffer J. Genome-wide Scan of Dental Fear and Anxiety Nominates Novel Genes. J Dent Res 2022; 101:1526-1536. [PMID: 35771046 PMCID: PMC9608092 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221105226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental care-related fear and anxiety (DFA) is prevalent, affects oral health care utilization, and is related to poor oral health and decreased quality of life. In addition to learned and cultural factors, genetics is hypothesized to contribute to DFA. Therefore, we performed a genome-wide association study to identify genetic variants contributing to DFA. Adult and adolescent participants were from 4 cohorts (3 from the US-based Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia, n = 1,144, 1,164, and 535, and the UK-based Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children [ALSPAC], n = 2,078). Two self-report instruments were used to assess DFA: the Dental Fear Survey (US cohorts) and Corah's Dental Anxiety Scale (ALSPAC). Genome-wide scans were performed for the DFA total scores and subscale scores (avoidance, physiological arousal, fear of dental treatment-specific stimuli), adjusting for age, sex, educational attainment, recruitment site, and genetic ancestry. Results across cohorts were combined using meta-analysis. Heritability estimates for DFA total and subscale scores were similar across cohorts and ranged from 23% to 59%. The meta-analysis revealed 3 significant (P < 5E-8) associations between genetic loci and 2 DFA subscales: physiological arousal and avoidance. Nearby genes included NTSR1 (P = 3.05E-8), DMRTA1 (P = 4.40E-8), and FAM84A (P = 7.72E-9). Of these, NTSR1, which was associated with the avoidance subscale, mediates neurotensin function, and its deficiency may lead to altered fear memory in mice. Gene enrichment analyses indicated that loci associated with the DFA total score and physiological arousal subscale score were enriched for genes associated with severe and persistent mental health (e.g., schizophrenia) and neurocognitive (e.g., autism) disorders. Heritability analysis indicated that DFA is partly explained by genetic factors, and our association results suggested shared genetic underpinnings with other psychological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Zhou
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - D.W. McNeil
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Dental Public Health and Professional Practice, School of Dentistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - S. Haworth
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - T. Dudding
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - J.M. Chernus
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - C. Liu
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - D. Liu
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - C.D. Wright
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - J. Brumbaugh
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - C.L. Randall
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - R.J. Weyant
- Department of Dental Public Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R.J. Crout
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - B. Foxman
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - S. Reis
- The Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - N.J. Timpson
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
- Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - M.L. Marazita
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- The Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J.R. Shaffer
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ramirez AH, Sulieman L, Schlueter DJ, Halvorson A, Qian J, Ratsimbazafy F, Loperena R, Mayo K, Basford M, Deflaux N, Muthuraman KN, Natarajan K, Kho A, Xu H, Wilkins C, Anton-Culver H, Boerwinkle E, Cicek M, Clark CR, Cohn E, Ohno-Machado L, Schully SD, Ahmedani BK, Argos M, Cronin RM, O’Donnell C, Fouad M, Goldstein DB, Greenland P, Hebbring SJ, Karlson EW, Khatri P, Korf B, Smoller JW, Sodeke S, Wilbanks J, Hentges J, Mockrin S, Lunt C, Devaney SA, Gebo K, Denny JC, Carroll RJ, Glazer D, Harris PA, Hripcsak G, Philippakis A, Roden DM, Ahmedani B, Cole Johnson CD, Ahsan H, Antoine-LaVigne D, Singleton G, Anton-Culver H, Topol E, Baca-Motes K, Steinhubl S, Wade J, Begale M, Jain P, Sutherland S, Lewis B, Korf B, Behringer M, Gharavi AG, Goldstein DB, Hripcsak G, Bier L, Boerwinkle E, Brilliant MH, Murali N, Hebbring SJ, Farrar-Edwards D, Burnside E, Drezner MK, Taylor A, Channamsetty V, Montalvo W, Sharma Y, Chinea C, Jenks N, Cicek M, Thibodeau S, Holmes BW, Schlueter E, Collier E, Winkler J, Corcoran J, D’Addezio N, Daviglus M, Winn R, Wilkins C, Roden D, Denny J, Doheny K, Nickerson D, Eichler E, Jarvik G, Funk G, Philippakis A, Rehm H, Lennon N, Kathiresan S, Gabriel S, Gibbs R, Gil Rico EM, Glazer D, Grand J, Greenland P, Harris P, Shenkman E, Hogan WR, Igho-Pemu P, Pollan C, Jorge M, Okun S, Karlson EW, Smoller J, Murphy SN, Ross ME, Kaushal R, Winford E, Wallace F, Khatri P, Kheterpal V, Ojo A, Moreno FA, Kron I, Peterson R, Menon U, Lattimore PW, Leviner N, Obedin-Maliver J, Lunn M, Malik-Gagnon L, Mangravite L, Marallo A, Marroquin O, Visweswaran S, Reis S, Marshall G, McGovern P, Mignucci D, Moore J, Munoz F, Talavera G, O'Connor GT, O'Donnell C, Ohno-Machado L, Orr G, Randal F, Theodorou AA, Reiman E, Roxas-Murray M, Stark L, Tepp R, Zhou A, Topper S, Trousdale R, Tsao P, Weidman L, Weiss ST, Wellis D, Whittle J, Wilson A, Zuchner S, Zwick ME. The All of Us Research Program: Data quality, utility, and diversity. Patterns 2022; 3:100570. [PMID: 36033590 PMCID: PMC9403360 DOI: 10.1016/j.patter.2022.100570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The All of Us Research Program seeks to engage at least one million diverse participants to advance precision medicine and improve human health. We describe here the cloud-based Researcher Workbench that uses a data passport model to democratize access to analytical tools and participant information including survey, physical measurement, and electronic health record (EHR) data. We also present validation study findings for several common complex diseases to demonstrate use of this novel platform in 315,000 participants, 78% of whom are from groups historically underrepresented in biomedical research, including 49% self-reporting non-White races. Replication findings include medication usage pattern differences by race in depression and type 2 diabetes, validation of known cancer associations with smoking, and calculation of cardiovascular risk scores by reported race effects. The cloud-based Researcher Workbench represents an important advance in enabling secure access for a broad range of researchers to this large resource and analytical tools. The All of Us Research Program has released data for over 315,000 participants Demonstration projects support the utility and validity of the All of Us dataset The cloud-based Researcher Workbench provides secure, low-cost compute power
The engagement of participants in the research process and broad availability of data to diverse researchers are essential elements in building precision medicine equitably available for all. The NIH has established the ambitious All of Us Research Program to build one of the most diverse health databases in history with tools to support research to improve human health. Here, we present the initial launch of the Researcher Workbench with data types including surveys, physical measurements, and electronic health record data with validation studies to support researcher use of this novel platform. Broad access for researchers to data like these is a critical step in returning value to participants seeking to support the advancement of precision medicine and improved health for all.
Collapse
|
7
|
Reis S, Almeida-Santos T, Ramalho-Santos J, Sousa A. P-259 Cumulus cells mitochondrial membrane potential as a marker of oocyte competence in assisted reproduction. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac107.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Is mitochondrial function of human Cumulus-oophurus Cells (hCCs) an important non-invasive biomarker for oocyte competence and a predictor of in vitro fertilisation (IVF) outcomes?
Summary answer
Advanced maternal age of women undergoing IVF is characterized by an impairment in cumulus cell mitochondrial function.
What is known already
The increasing delay of childbearing has led to urgent development of new non-invasive biomarkers of oocyte competency. Aging is a complex process that includes impairment of mitochondrial function and metabolic activity, increase of oxidative stress, alteration in the activity of several cell-signaling systems.
A great candidate to monitoring oocyte quality is the hCCs. During folliculogenesis there is an intense bidirectional communication between oocyte and its follicular cells. During oogenesis, CCs supply the oocyte with energy substrates and essential nutrients. Age-related mitochondrial dysfunction in hCCs was described to adversely affect oocyte growth and development.
Study design, size, duration
The objective of this study was to characterise the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) of hCCs provided from patients undergoing ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection) or oocyte cryopreservation in the Reproductive Medicine Unit of CHUC (Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal) between July and December 2021, to establish a predictive biomarker of oocyte competency and successful IVF outcomes.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
hCCs, collected from cumulus-oocyte complexes of 53 patients, were incubated with tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester (TMRM - 50 nM), MitoTracker Green (MTG 100 nM) and Hoechst (5µg/mL). Briefly, TMRM, due to its positive charge, accumulates within the mitochondria in a ΔΨm-depend manner, and emits red fluorescence. On the other hand, MTG is green-fluorescent mitochondrial dye which appears to localize in mitochondria regardless of Δψm. Therefore, the red/green fluorescence ratio can be measured as mitochondrial activity outcome.
Main results and the role of chance
The 53 patients studied were divided in two age groups (27 patients with <35 and 26 with ≥ 35 years old). A decrease in hCCs Δψm of women with advanced maternal age (≥35 y) compared with hCCs recovered from women with <35 was observed (P = 0.001). No differences were found in CCs Δψm in terms of infertility cause, body mass index and social habits (e.g., smoking) (P > 0.05). We also investigated if Δψm can be an effective indicator of clinical outcomes in IVF techniques; however, no correlation was observed between Δψm and oocyte maturation, fertilization, D3 embryo development and blastocyst development rates.
Our preliminary data strongly support the idea that advanced reproductive age of women undergoing IVF is accompanied by impaired cumulus cell mitochondrial function.
Limitations, reasons for caution
More data is needed to be collected to support our preliminary results, such as increasing the sample size, as well as better characterisation of the mitochondrial function in hCCs.
Wider implications of the findings
This knowledge opens a new window of opportunities in the development of new strategies to mitigate the effects of oocyte aging on (in)fertility, through clinical therapies, such as enhancing the mitochondrial function in hCCs.
Trial registration number
-
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Reis
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biothecnology, Azinhaga de Santa Comba- Celas- 3004-504- University of Coimbra , Portugal
- University of Coimbra - PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine PDBEB, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research IIIUC , 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - T Almeida-Santos
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biothecnology, Azinhaga de Santa Comba- Celas- 3004-504- University of Coimbra , Portugal
- Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Reproductive Medicine Unit, Praceta- R. Prof. Mota Pinto- 3004-561- Coimbra , Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Azinhaga de Santa Comba- Celas 3000-548 Coimbra , Portugal
| | - J Ramalho-Santos
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biothecnology, Azinhaga de Santa Comba- Celas- 3004-504- University of Coimbra , Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas- 3000-456 Coimbra , Portugal
| | - A.P Sousa
- Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Reproductive Medicine Unit, Praceta- R. Prof. Mota Pinto- 3004-561- Coimbra , Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pais A, Laranjo M, Reis C, Reis S, Sousa A, Silva F, Jorge J, Gonçalves C, Botelho F, Almeida-Santos T. 454 Angiogenesis stimulation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.11.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
9
|
Asif A, Lauzon M, Sopko G, Bittner V, Reis S, Handberg E, Pepine CJ, Mankad S, Bairey Merz N. Prognostic significance of anemia in women with suspected ischemia, an insight from the women ischemia syndrome evaluation study (WISE). Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Anemia is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure. Anemia is more prevalent in women. We investigated the prognosis of anemia in women with suspected ischemic heart disease.
Purpose
To study if hemoglobin levels at baseline in women with symptoms of ischemia predicts long term all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiac events.
Methods
We studied 885 women enrolled in WISE (1997–2001) undergoing clinically indicated coronary angiography for suspected ischemia. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin (Hb) level <12g/dL. Major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) included all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke and heart failure hospitalization. Cox regression models and Kaplan-Meier methods were was used.
Results
Overall, 885 women, mean age 58.4±11.7 years, 21.1% and anemia were followed for 6.8 years. Anemic women had higher creatinine, history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and CHF (p<0.05), but not obstructive coronary artery disease compared to non-anemia women (p=0.97). Anemic women had higher all-cause mortality and MACE (Figure). In multivariate analysis, anemia was independently associated with increased MACE risk (hazard ratio (HR): 1.5, 95% confidence interval [1.11- 2.01, p=0.007]) but not all-cause mortality (HR: 1.2 [0.84–1.72, p=0.30]).
Conclusions
Among women evaluated for symptoms of ischemia, anemia is associated with and independently predicts MACE. Further research targeting anemia treatment in women to mitigate these adverse outcomes is warranted.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): NIH USA
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Asif
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - M Lauzon
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - G Sopko
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Division of Heart and Vascular Disease, Bethesda, United States of America
| | - V Bittner
- University of Alabama Birmingham, Division of Cardiology, Birmingham, United States of America
| | - S Reis
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre, Cardiovascular Institute, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - E Handberg
- University of Florida, Cardiology, Gainesville, United States of America
| | - C J Pepine
- University of Florida, Cardiology, Gainesville, United States of America
| | - S Mankad
- Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - N Bairey Merz
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Saeed A, Zhu J, Thoma F, Marroquin O, Aiyer A, Agarwala A, Virani SS, Gulati M, Lee JS, Reis S, Saba S, Ballantyne C, Mulukutla S. Cardiovascular Disease Risk-Based Statin Utilization and Associated Outcomes in a Primary Prevention Cohort: Insights From a Large Health Care Network. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2021; 14:e007485. [PMID: 34455825 DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.120.007485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines recommend using the 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk to guide statin therapy for primary prevention. Real-world data on adherence and consequences of nonadherence to the guidelines in primary are limited. We investigated the guideline-directed statin intensity (GDSI) and associated outcomes in a large health care system, stratified by ASCVD risk. METHODS Statin prescription in patients without coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, or ischemic stroke were evaluated within a large health care network (2013-2017) using electronic medical health records. Patient categories constructed by the 10-year ASCVD risk were borderline (5%-7.4%), intermediate (7.5%-19.9%), or high (≥20%). The GDSI (before time of first event) was defined as none or any intensity for borderline, and at least moderate for intermediate and high-risk groups. Mean (±SD) time to start/change to GDSI from first interaction in health care and incident rates (per 1000 person-years) for each outcome were calculated. Cox regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios for incident ASCVD and mortality across risk categories stratified by statin utilization. RESULTS Among 282 298 patients (mean age ≈50 years), 29 134 (10.3%), 63 299 (22.4%), and 26 687 (9.5%) were categorized as borderline, intermediate, and high risk, respectively. Among intermediate and high-risk categories, 27 358 (43%) and 8300 (31%) patients did not receive any statin, respectively. Only 17 519 (65.6%) high-risk patients who were prescribed a statin received GDSI. The mean time to GDSI was ≈2 years among the intermediate and high-risk groups. At a median follow-up of 6 years, there was a graded increase in risk of ASCVD events in intermediate risk (hazard ratio=1.15 [1.07-1.24]) and high risk (hazard ratio=1.27 [1.17-1.37]) when comparing no statin use with GDSI therapy. Similarly, mortality risk among intermediate and high-risk groups was higher in no statin use versus GDSI. CONCLUSIONS In a real-world primary prevention cohort, over one-third of statin-eligible patients were not prescribed statin therapy. Among those receiving a statin, mean time to GDSI was ≈2 years. The consequences of nonadherence to guidelines are illustrated by greater incident ASCVD and mortality events. Further research can develop and optimize health care system strategies for primary prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anum Saeed
- Heart and Vascular Institute (A.S., J.Z., O.M., A.A., J.S.L., S.R., S.M.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA
| | - Jianhui Zhu
- Heart and Vascular Institute (A.S., J.Z., O.M., A.A., J.S.L., S.R., S.M.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA
| | | | - Oscar Marroquin
- Heart and Vascular Institute (A.S., J.Z., O.M., A.A., J.S.L., S.R., S.M.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA.,Department of Data and Analytics (O.M., S.M.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA
| | - Aryan Aiyer
- Heart and Vascular Institute (A.S., J.Z., O.M., A.A., J.S.L., S.R., S.M.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA.,Baylor Scott and White Health Heart Hospital Baylor Plano, TX (A.A.)
| | | | - Salim S Virani
- Health Policy, Quality & Informatics Program, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center (S.S.V.).,Health Services Research & Development Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety, Houston, TX (S.S.V.).,Section of Cardiology, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX (S.S.V., C.B.)
| | - Martha Gulati
- Division of Cardiology, University of Arizona, Phoenix (M.G.)
| | - Joon S Lee
- Heart and Vascular Institute (A.S., J.Z., O.M., A.A., J.S.L., S.R., S.M.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA
| | - Steven Reis
- Heart and Vascular Institute (A.S., J.Z., O.M., A.A., J.S.L., S.R., S.M.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA
| | | | - Christie Ballantyne
- Section of Cardiology, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX (S.S.V., C.B.).,Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (C.B.)
| | - Suresh Mulukutla
- Heart and Vascular Institute (A.S., J.Z., O.M., A.A., J.S.L., S.R., S.M.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA.,Department of Data and Analytics (O.M., S.M.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Almeid. Santos AT, Pais AS, Reis S, Laranjo M, Caramelo F, Silva F, Botelho F. P–452 The challenge of ovarian tissue culture: 2D versus 3D. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Does an alginate matrix scaffold improve ovarian tissue culture?
Summary answer
Ovarian tissue culture within an alginate scaffold has no advantage over conventional culture, being more time consuming and less reproductible
What is known already
Cryopreservation of ovarian tissue is a powerful technique for preserving female fertility, as it can restore fertility and endocrine function. Several studies have been carried out aiming to increase the longevity of the transplant and decrease the risk of reimplantation of neoplastic cells. For in vitro follicle culture, recent research has shifted from two dimensional (2D) toward the use of three-dimensional (3D) structures. The use of a matrix maintains the architecture and mimics in vivo conditions, with a variable access to oxygen and nutrients. This bridges the gap between conventional cell culture and animal models.
Study design, size, duration
Ovarian tissue fragments were divided into 2 groups: conventional culture (2D culture) and culture using an alginate matrix scaffold (3D culture). Tissue was evaluated at four time-points: immediately after thawing and after 24, 48 and 72 hours of culture.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Rat ovarian tissue was cryopreserved and thawed with validated protocols. Follicular analysis was conducted after haematoxylin and eosin staining, regarding density, classification and degeneration. Tissue viability was assessed using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in supernatants and histological score. Three parameters were considered, namely, interstitial oedema, follicular cell degeneration and percentage of tissue in necrosis. Apoptosis was assessed by caspase 3 immunostaining. Proliferating cells were identified using Ki67 immunohistochemical labelling.
Main results and the role of chance
Follicular density, cell proliferation and apoptosis both in follicles and stroma was similar in both culture conditions. Stromal cells proliferation was stable in conventional culture but decreased in 3D culture (p = 0.001), which can be explained by the rigidity of alginate matrix. At 24 hours of culture, cytotoxicity was lower in the 3D model (p = 0.006), due to low levels of LDH in the supernatant, that may be related to retention within the matrix. As culture time increased cytotoxicity seemed to be similar. Degradation of the tissue was suggested by the histological score analysis of tissue during 72 hours of culture. Tissue injury was greater (p = 0.01) in 3D culture due to higher interstitial oedema (p = 0.017) and tissue necrosis (p = 0.035). In the interior of the alginate scaffold, the bioavailability of oxygen and nutrients may be limited, affecting cell survival over time and conditioning higher level of necrosis and release of intracellular content.
Limitations, reasons for caution
There are two major limitations that should be addressed in future research, namely the study of the tissue-matrix interactions and culture medium supplementation to decrease follicular atresia.
Wider implications of the findings: There is no advantage in the use of an alginate matrix scaffold for ovarian tissue culture, as it is more time consuming, difficult to perform and less reproductible.
Trial registration number
Not applicable
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A T Almeid. Santos
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine- University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra CACC, Cacc, Coimbra, Portugal
- Reproductive Medicine Unit-, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra CHUC- E.P.E. - Coimbra- Portuga, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A S Pais
- Faculty of Medicine- University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra CACC, Cacc, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Biophysics and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research iCBR- Faculty of Medicine- Coimbra- Portugal, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - S Reis
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology- University of Coimbra- Coimbra- Portugal, CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology- University of Coimbra- Coimbra- Portugal, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M Laranjo
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra CACC, Cacc, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology CIBB- Coimbra- Portugal, University of Coimbra-, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra- Institute of Biophysics and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research iCBR, Faculty of Medicine- Coimbra- Portugal, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - F Caramelo
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra CACC, Cacc, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology CIBB- Coimbra- Portugal, University of Coimbra-, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - F Silva
- Pathology Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra CHUC- E.P.E.- Coimbra- Portugal, coimbra, Portugal
| | - F Botelho
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra CACC, Cacc, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology CIBB- Coimbra- Portugal, University of Coimbra-, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Biophysics and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research iCBR- Faculty of Medicine- Coimbra- Portugal, University of Coimbra-, Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Neves AR, van der Putten L, Queiroz JF, Pinheiro M, Reis S. Transferrin-functionalized lipid nanoparticles for curcumin brain delivery. J Biotechnol 2021; 331:108-117. [PMID: 33727082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compound with potent neuroprotective activity. Due to its poor water solubility, low bioavailability, rapid elimination and the challenges for crossing and transposing the blood-brain barrier (BBB), solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) loaded with curcumin were successfully produced and functionalized with transferrin, in order to mediate the transport of these particles through the BBB endothelium to the brain. The nanosystems revealed Z-averages under 200 nm, polydispersity index below 0.2 and zeta potential around -30 mV. Curcumin encapsulation around 65 % for SLNs and 80 % for NLCs was accomplished, while the functionalized nanoparticles presented a value around 70-75 %. A stability study revealed these characteristics remained unchanged for at least 3 months. hCMEC/D3 cells viability was firstly analysed by MTT and LDH assays, respectively, and a concentration of 10 μM of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles were then selected for the subsequent permeability assay. The permeability study was conducted using transwell devices with hCMEC/D3 cells monolayers and a 1.5-fold higher permeation of curcumin through the BBB was verified. Both SLNs and NLCs are promising for curcumin brain delivery, protecting the incorporated curcumin and targeting to the brain by the addition of transferrin to the nanoparticles surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A R Neves
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; CQM, Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal.
| | - L van der Putten
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - J F Queiroz
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Pinheiro
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - S Reis
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Barsky L, Shufelt C, Lauzon M, Johnson BD, Berga SL, Braunstein G, Bittner V, Shaw L, Reis S, Handberg E, Pepine CJ, Bairey Merz CN. Prior Oral Contraceptive Use and Longer Term Mortality Outcomes in Women with Suspected Ischemic Heart Disease. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2021; 30:377-384. [PMID: 33481672 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2020.8743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) work demonstrated prior oral contraceptive (OC) use was associated with lower coronary artery disease (CAD) in women with suspected ischemia. The association of prior OC use with longer term all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality is unclear. Materials and Methods: WISE women undergoing coronary angiography for suspected ischemia (enrolled 1996-2001) with prior OC use history and 10-year follow-up data were analyzed. A blinded core laboratory assessed atherosclerotic CAD severity. Kaplan-Meier analyses evaluated prior OC use relative to all-cause and CVD mortality. Cox regression analyses adjusted for baseline differences. Mediation, interaction, and multicollinearity were analyzed. Results: Our 686 women had a mean age 62.5 ± 9.6 years, multiple cardiac risk factors, and 39% previously used OC. Prior OC users were younger, with less lipid-lowering medication use and lower atherosclerotic CAD severity scores (all p < 0.05). Prior OC use was associated with lower 10-year all-cause (p = 0.007) and CVD mortality (p = 0.019). After adjustment, this was no longer significant (p = 0.77 and p = 0.90, respectively). Atherosclerotic CAD severity score mediated one-third of the observed association. Prior OC use was associated with increased CVD mortality among women with very elevated menopausal systolic blood pressure (SBP). Conclusions: Unadjusted prior OC use was associated with lower longer-term all-cause and CVD mortality. One-third of this observed effect appears mediated by the atherosclerotic CAD severity score. Prior OC was adversely associated with CVD mortality in women with very elevated menopausal SBP. Additional investigation is needed to understand the potential benefits and harms of prior OC use. Clinical Trial Number: NCT00000554, or https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00000554.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Barsky
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Chrisandra Shufelt
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Marie Lauzon
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - B Delia Johnson
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sarah L Berga
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Glenn Braunstein
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Vera Bittner
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Leslee Shaw
- Dalio Institute of Cardiovascular Imaging, Weill Cornell Medicine and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Steven Reis
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eileen Handberg
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Carl J Pepine
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - C Noel Bairey Merz
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Moraes S, Marinho A, Lima S, Granja A, Araújo JP, Reis S, Sousa CT, Nunes C. Targeted nanostructured lipid carriers for doxorubicin oral delivery. Int J Pharm 2021; 592:120029. [PMID: 33130218 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The treatment with anticancer drugs remains a challenge, as available drugs still entail the risk of deleterious off-target effects. The present study describes folic acid conjugated nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) as an effective doxorubicin delivery approach targeted to breast cancer cells. Two distinct NLCs formulations were designed and optimized leading to an encapsulation efficiency over than 65%. Cytotoxic and targeting potential of NLCs were studied in vitro, using MDA-MB-231 cell line. Results showed an enhanced cellular uptake of conjugated NLCs. In vitro release studies, mimicking the path in the body after oral administration, show that all formulations would reach the tumor microenvironment bearing 50% of the encapsulated doxorubicin. Moreover, NLCs demonstrated storage stability at 25 °C for at least 42 days. Overall, results revealed that the developed NLCs enable the possibility of oral administration and are a promising approach for the targeted delivery of doxorubicin to breast cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Moraes
- IFIMUP, Faculty of Sciences of Porto University, Portugal; LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy of Porto University, Portugal
| | - A Marinho
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy of Porto University, Portugal
| | - S Lima
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy of Porto University, Portugal
| | - A Granja
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy of Porto University, Portugal
| | - J P Araújo
- IFIMUP, Faculty of Sciences of Porto University, Portugal
| | - S Reis
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy of Porto University, Portugal
| | - C T Sousa
- IFIMUP, Faculty of Sciences of Porto University, Portugal
| | - C Nunes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy of Porto University, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Quesada O, Wei J, Suppogu N, Kelsey S, Reis S, Shaw L, Sopko G, Handberg E, Pepine C, Bairey Merz C. Role of physical fitness in the obesity paradox. Long-term major adverse cardiovascular events in the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE). Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Emerging data suggests there is an “obesity paradox” where obesity may be protective against cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease. However, weight status primarily assessed through body mass index (BMI) is limited in its ability to discern contributions from fat vs. lean muscle mass. Most studies on BMI have not accounted for physical fitness, which is a known modifier of weight status and a potential mediator of effects of obesity on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).
Purpose
To investigate the relationship between BMI and physical fitness, measured by self-reported Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) score, with long-term MACE in women evaluated for suspected myocardial ischemia.
Methods
The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study is a multicenter prospective cohort study. From 1996–2000, 936 women were enrolled at the time of clinically indicated coronary angiography and assessed with a median follow up of 5.8 (range 0–9 years) for MACE. MACE was defined as a composite of death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, or congestive heart failure. Proportional hazards regression was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios of MACE in relation to metabolic status and physical fitness. DASI scores ≥25, equivalent to ≥7 metabolic equivalents [METs]) was used as cut point to define high physical fitness, in our prior studies DASI >25 approximates completion of the second stage of a Bruce treadmill protocol.
Results
Among the 899 women with complete data, 69.5% had low physical fitness (DASI scores <25), 34.9% overweight (BMl ≥25 to 30), 40.5% obese (BMI ≥30). In fit women, obesity was associated with lower hazard ratio for MACE (HR 0.64, p=0.01); while low fitness in normal weight women was associated with 60% excess risk of MACE (HR 1.61, p=0.01) (Figure 1).
Conclusions
Among women undergoing coronary angiography for suspected myocardial ischemia, obesity was inversely related with long-term MACE in physically fit women. Our findings suggest that physical fitness may play a role in the obesity paradox. These results support the inclusion of fitness in understanding the relations between body weight and long-term MACE. The DASI is a simple, self reported tool that can identify higher-risk symptomatic women and should be considered in future investigations and routine examination of normal, overweight and obese women.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): U01 HL064829
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Quesada
- Cedars-Sinai smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - J Wei
- Cedars-Sinai smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - N Suppogu
- Cedars-Sinai smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - S.F Kelsey
- University of Pittsburgh, Epidemiology, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - S Reis
- University of Pittsburgh, Epidemiology, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - L Shaw
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, United States of America
| | - G Sopko
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States of America
| | - E.M Handberg
- University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
| | - C.J Pepine
- University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
| | - C.N Bairey Merz
- Cedars-Sinai smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Reis S, Melo M, Covas R, Doutrelant C, Pereira H, Lima RD, Loiseau C. Influence of land use and host species on parasite richness, prevalence and co-infection patterns. Int J Parasitol 2020; 51:83-94. [PMID: 33045239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Tropical forests are experiencing increasing impacts from a multitude of anthropogenic activities such as logging and conversion to agricultural use. These perturbations are expected to have strong impacts on ecological interactions and on the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases. To date, no clear picture of the effects of deforestation on vector-borne disease transmission has emerged. This is associated with the challenge of studying complex systems where many vertebrate hosts and vectors co-exist. To overcome this problem, we focused on an innately simplified system - a small oceanic island (São Tomé, Gulf of Guinea). We analyzed the impacts of human land-use on host-parasite interactions by sampling the bird community (1735 samples from 30 species) in natural and anthropogenic land use at different elevations, and screened individuals for haemosporidian parasites from three genera (Plasmodium, Haemoproteus, Leucocytozoon). Overall, Plasmodium had the highest richness but the lowest prevalence, while Leucocytozoon diversity was the lowest despite having the highest prevalence. Interestingly, co-infections (i.e. intra-host diversity) involved primarily Leucocytozoon lineages (95%). We also found marked differences between bird species and habitats. Some bird species showed low prevalence but harbored high diversity of parasites, while others showed high prevalence but were infected with fewer lineages. These infection dynamics are most likely driven by host specificity of parasites and intrinsic characteristics of hosts. In addition, Plasmodium was more abundant in disturbed habitats and at lower elevations, while Leucocytozoon was more prevalent in forest areas and at higher elevations. These results likely reflect the ecological requirements of their vectors: mosquitoes and black flies, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Reis
- CIBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO Associate Laboratory, Vairão, Portugal
| | - M Melo
- CIBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO Associate Laboratory, Vairão, Portugal; Natural History and Science Museum, University of Porto, Portugal; Fitzpatrick Institute, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - R Covas
- CIBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO Associate Laboratory, Vairão, Portugal; Fitzpatrick Institute, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - C Doutrelant
- CEFE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - H Pereira
- CIBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO Associate Laboratory, Vairão, Portugal
| | - R de Lima
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, University of Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C Loiseau
- CIBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO Associate Laboratory, Vairão, Portugal; CEFE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Barsky L, Merz CNB, Wei J, Shufelt C, Handberg E, Pepine C, Rutledge T, Reis S, Doyle M, Rogers W, Shaw L, Sopko G. Even "WISE-R?"-an Update on the NHLBI-Sponsored Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2020; 22:35. [PMID: 32556630 PMCID: PMC7388776 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-020-00852-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW For over 20 years, the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE), a program sponsored by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, has explored diverse and important aspects of ischemic heart disease in women. RECENT FINDINGS Women with symptoms and signs of ischemia but no significant epicardial obstructive coronary artery disease (INOCA) were documented to be at elevated risk for recurrent angina hospitalization, major adverse cardiac events, death, and health resource consumption rivaling those with obstructive coronary disease. WISE investigators have advanced our understanding of cardiovascular outcomes, systemic manifestations, psychological variables, socioeconomic factors, genetic contributions, hormonal status, advanced imaging, coronary functional findings, biomarkers, patient-reported outcomes, and treatments pertaining to women with this disease entity. This review delves into the WISE findings subsequent to a prior review1, postulates directions for future research, and asks are we "Even 'WISE-R?'".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Barsky
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd, Suite A3600, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - C Noel Bairey Merz
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd, Suite A3600, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
| | - Janet Wei
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd, Suite A3600, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Chrisandra Shufelt
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd, Suite A3600, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Eileen Handberg
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Carl Pepine
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Thomas Rutledge
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Steven Reis
- Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mark Doyle
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Allegheny University of the Health Sciences, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - William Rogers
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Leslee Shaw
- Dalio Institute of Cardiovascular Imaging, Weill Cornell Medicine and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - George Sopko
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mulkareddy V, Sokach C, Bucklew E, Bukari A, Sidlak A, Harrold IM, Pizon A, Reis S. Colchicine Toxicity: The Fatal Masquerader. JACC Case Rep 2020; 2:678-680. [PMID: 34317321 PMCID: PMC8298785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2020.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Colchicine toxicity results in fatal multiorgan failure. We present a case of colchicine toxicity resulting in transient biventricular failure and cardiogenic shock that were successfully treated with packed red blood cell exchange. (Level of Difficulty: Beginner.)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinaya Mulkareddy
- Department of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Carly Sokach
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Eric Bucklew
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Abdallah Bukari
- Department of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Alexander Sidlak
- Department of Toxicology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ian M Harrold
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Anthony Pizon
- Department of Toxicology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Steven Reis
- Department of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Johnson A, Broughton S, Aponte-Soto L, Watson K, Pinto CDG, Empey P, Reis S, Winn R, Massart M. Participatory Genomic Testing Can Effectively Disseminate Cardiovascular Pharmacogenomics Concepts within Federally Qualified Health Centers: A Feasibility Study. Ethn Dis 2020; 30:167-176. [PMID: 32269458 DOI: 10.18865/ed.30.s1.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We assessed feasibility of an educational program designed to enhance stakeholder knowledge and perceptions of pharmacogenomics at a federally qualified health center (FQHC). Design FQHCs have a rich history of providing care to the underserved, but often are not represented by studies evaluating cutting-edge concepts. We used a novel educational platform to provide participatory genomic testing and classroom education. We assessed participant knowledge and perceptions using questionnaires between May and July 2018. Setting We partnered with a FQHC affiliated with an academic medical center in Chicago. Participants Using convenience sampling, we recruited 20 providers and 10 community members for a feasibility study. Providers included physicians, physician extenders, community health workers, and patient health navigators. Community members were patients, supporters, and/or FQHC advisory board members. Intervention Participants had the option to undergo personal genomic testing. Online educational modules included basic genetics, cardiovascular pharmacogenomics, and personalized medicine. Education concluded in a 2-hour live course with case-based discussions. Main Outcome Measures Our main outcome was testing pilot feasibility. Baseline knowledge and perceptions were compared with post-intervention assessments using descriptive statistics, t tests (or Wilcoxon rank-sum) for continuous variables and chi-squared (or Fisher's exact) for categorical variables. Results We found that attitudes toward the intervention were positive and remained so after intervention. Our intervention was both feasible and acceptable. Genomics knowledge increased for nearly all participants. Conclusions We have determined that a pharmacogenomics educational program tailored for an underrepresented community is feasible and acceptable. Outcomes will advise methodology for larger implementation studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lisa Aponte-Soto
- University of Illinois Cancer Center at University of Illinois at Chicago, IL.,University of Illinois Hospital and Health Services System Mile Square Health Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Karriem Watson
- University of Illinois Cancer Center at University of Illinois at Chicago, IL.,University of Illinois Hospital and Health Services System Mile Square Health Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Carla Da Goia Pinto
- University of Illinois Cancer Center at University of Illinois at Chicago, IL.,University of Illinois Hospital and Health Services System Mile Square Health Center, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | - Robert Winn
- University of Illinois Cancer Center at University of Illinois at Chicago, IL.,University of Illinois Hospital and Health Services System Mile Square Health Center, Chicago, IL
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Pinheiro RGR, Granja A, Loureiro JA, Pereira MC, Pinheiro M, Neves AR, Reis S. Quercetin lipid nanoparticles functionalized with transferrin for Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 148:105314. [PMID: 32200044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin was encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (SLN and NLC) to take advantage of its neuroprotective properties in Alzheimer's disease. The nanoparticles were functionalized with transferrin to facilitate the passage across the blood-brain barrier through the transferrin receptors overexpressed in brain endothelial cells. NMR and FTIR confirmed the functionalization of the nanoparticles with transferrin. TEM results showed all nanoparticles presented spherical morphology. Nanoparticles exhibited size around 200 nm and zeta potential values higher than -30 mV. Quercetin entrapment efficiency was around 80-90%. LDH cytotoxicity assays in hCMEC/D3 cell line demonstrated that even for the highest concentration (30 μM) nanoparticles did not reveal cytotoxicity after 4 h of incubation. Permeability studies across hCMEC/D3 cell monolayers showed NLC permeate more the blood-brain barrier, while amyloid-beta studies demonstrated NLC-transferrin have the capacity to inhibit fibril formation. Nanoparticles seem to be suitable for brain applications, mainly for Alzheimer's disease due to inhibition of amyloid-beta aggregation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R G R Pinheiro
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4050-313, Portugal
| | - A Granja
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4050-313, Portugal
| | - J A Loureiro
- LEPABE, Departamento de Ciências da Engenharia, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4500-465, Portugal
| | - M C Pereira
- LEPABE, Departamento de Ciências da Engenharia, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4500-465, Portugal
| | - M Pinheiro
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4050-313, Portugal
| | - A R Neves
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4050-313, Portugal; CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, Funchal, 9020-105, Portugal.
| | - S Reis
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4050-313, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Dhiman N, Lichliter A, Rothenberg E, Kraus C, Azimov N, Brejt S, Weintraub J, Susman J, Katz M, Reis S. 3:27 PM Abstract No. 221 Multicenter preliminary experience with percutaneous ultrasound gastrostomy: do interventional radiologists need fluoroscopy for gastrostomy placement? J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
22
|
Reis S, Lilly M, Haider S, Brejt S. 3:54 PM Abstract No. 333 Google trends predict patient awareness gap for minimally invasive procedures. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
23
|
Quesada O, Wei J, Suppogu N, Cook-Wiens G, Lauzon M, Reis S, Shaw LJ, Sopko G, Handberg E, Pepine CJ, Merz CNB. RELATIONSHIP OF PHYSICAL FITNESS AND METABOLIC SYNDROME TO 10-YEAR MORTALITY IN WOMEN: A REPORT FROM THE WOMEN's ISCHEMIA SYNDROME EVALUATION STUDY. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(20)32640-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
24
|
Berenguer P, Azoubel E, Reis S, dos Santos JN, Azoubel M, Francischone C, Duarte L. Sequelae of an amelobastoma: how to restore dignity to the patient. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2019.03.414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
25
|
Kim E, Alvarez L, Arnell T, Brejt S, Cooper C, Reis S, Schlossberg P, Sheynzon V, Sobolevsky S, Sperling D, Susman J, Tulin-Silver S, Weintraub J, Mobley D. 03:09 PM Abstract No. 307 The efficacy of culturing bile when placing percutaneous cholecystostomy tubes for acute cholecystitis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.12.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
26
|
Emechebe N, Nguyen AT, Duong L, Kip K, Masri A, Erqou S, Reis S. METABOLOMIC INVESTIGATION OF LONG-TERM RISK OF MAJOR ADVERSE CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS IN A COMMUNITY-BASED COHORT (HEART SCORE) STUDY. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(19)32441-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
27
|
Cavalcanti SMT, Nunes C, Costa Lima SA, Soares-Sobrinho JL, Reis S. Optimization of nanostructured lipid carriers for Zidovudine delivery using a microwave-assisted production method. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 122:22-30. [PMID: 29933076 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An adapted methodology for obtaining lipid nanoparticles that only uses the microwave reactor in the synthesis process was developed. The method has the following features: one-pot, one-step, fast, practical, economical, safe, readiness of scaling-up, lack of organic solvents and production of nanoparticles with low polydispersity index (PDI) (below 0.3). This new method was applied for the development of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) loaded with a hydrophilic drug, the antiretroviral agent zidovudine (AZT). The aim of the present work was to develop, evaluate and compare optimized NLC formulations produced by two different methods - hot ultrasonication and microwave-assisted method. The development and optimization of the NLC formulations were supported by a Quality by Design (QbD) approach. All formulations were physicochemically characterized by the same parameters. The optimized formulations presented a suitable profile for oral administration (particle size between 100 and 300 nm, PDI < 0.3 and negative zeta potential >-20 mV). Furthermore, the morphologies assessed by TEM showed spherical shape and confirmed the results obtained by DLS. Both AZT loaded formulations were physically stable for at least 45 days and non-toxic on Jurkat T cells. Drug release studies showed a controlled release of AZT under gastric and plasma-simulated conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M T Cavalcanti
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Core of Medicine and Correlated Quality Control - NCQMC, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Arthur de Sá, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50, 740-521 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - C Nunes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - S A Costa Lima
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - J L Soares-Sobrinho
- Core of Medicine and Correlated Quality Control - NCQMC, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Arthur de Sá, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50, 740-521 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - S Reis
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Widemon R, Weintraub J, Mobley D, Reis S. 3:00 PM Abstract No. 61 Reducing cumulative radiation dose from computed tomography imaging in patients with drainage catheters: a retrospective study. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
29
|
Xu D, Haider S, Chervonski M, Widemon R, Reis S. Abstract No. 696 Pre-SIRT bevacizumab does not affect outcomes in patients with non-colorectal cancer metastatic to the liver. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
30
|
Haider S, Xu D, Chervonski M, Widemon R, Cooper C, Weintraub J, Reis S. Abstract No. 539 Total burden of liver tumor: poor prognostic factor for survival and treatment response following Y90 radioembolization of hepatic metastases and cholangiocarcinoma. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
|
31
|
Frenkel J, Reis S, Mobley D, England R, Weintraub J, Susman J, Sheynzon V, Brejt S, Tulin-Silver S, Schlossberg P. 4:21 PM Abstract No. 120 Interventional radiology in the management of biliary complications in pediatric liver transplants: a single-center experience. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
32
|
Gioioso V, Reis S, Brejt S, Tulin-Silver S, Sperling D, Susman J, Weintraub J, Mobley D. Abstract No. 582 Microwave ablation of osteoid osteoma: safety and efficacy. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
33
|
Shpilsky D, Erqou S, Bambs C, Kip K, Magnani J, Patel S, Aiyer A, Reis S. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN IDEAL CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH AND MARKERS OF SUBCLINICAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(18)32416-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
34
|
Countouris M, Holzman C, Snyder G, Althouse A, Reis S, Catov J. LACTATION AND MATERNAL SUBCLINICAL CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AMONG WOMEN WITH AND WITHOUT A HISTORY OF HYPERTENSIVE DISORDERS OF PREGNANCY. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(18)32328-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
35
|
Canterbury A, Erqou S, Clougherty J, Bambs C, Kinnee EJ, Tripathy S, Shpilsky D, Magnani J, Aiyer A, Reis S. ASSOCIATIONS AMONG CUMULATIVE SOCIAL RISK, IDEAL CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH AND EXPOSURE TO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(18)32398-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
36
|
Chandra D, Gupta A, Strollo PJ, Fuhrman CR, Leader JK, Bon J, Slivka WA, Shoushtari AH, Avolio J, Kip KE, Reis S, Sciurba FC. Airflow Limitation and Endothelial Dysfunction. Unrelated and Independent Predictors of Atherosclerosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 194:38-47. [PMID: 26771278 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201510-2093oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Lower FEV1 is associated with increased prevalence of atherosclerosis; however, causal mechanisms remain elusive. OBJECTIVES To determine if systemic endothelial dysfunction mediates the association between reduced FEV1 and increased atherosclerosis. METHODS Brachial artery endothelial function, pulmonary function, coronary artery calcium, and carotid plaque were assessed in 231 Pittsburgh SCCOR (Specialized Centers for Clinically Oriented Research) study participants; peripheral arterial endothelial function, pulmonary function, and coronary artery calcium were assessed in 328 HeartSCORE (Heart Strategies Concentrating on Risk Evaluation) study participants. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Lower FEV1 was independently associated with increased atherosclerosis in both cohorts (per 25% lower % predicted FEV1: odds ratio [OR], 1.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30-2.40; P < 0.001 for carotid plaque in SCCOR participants) (per 25% lower % predicted FEV1: OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.02-1.77; P = 0.03 for coronary artery calcium in HeartSCORE participants). Similarly, reduced endothelial function was independently associated with increased atherosclerosis in both cohorts (per SD lower endothelial function: OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.01-1.67; P = 0.04 for carotid plaque in SCCOR participants) (per SD lower endothelial function: OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.09-1.76; P = 0.008 and OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.07-1.86; P = 0.01 for coronary artery calcium in SCCOR and HeartSCORE participants, respectively). However, there was no association between endothelial dysfunction and FEV1, FEV1/FVC, low-attenuation area/visual emphysema, and diffusing capacity in SCCOR participants, and between endothelial dysfunction and FEV1 or FEV1/FVC in HeartSCORE participants (all P > 0.05). Adjusting the association between FEV1 and atherosclerosis for endothelial dysfunction had no impact. CONCLUSIONS Endothelial dysfunction does not mediate the association between airflow limitation and atherosclerosis. Instead, airflow limitation and endothelial dysfunction seem to be unrelated and mutually independent predictors of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ali Hakim Shoushtari
- 3 Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Jennifer Avolio
- 3 Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Kevin E Kip
- 4 College of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Steven Reis
- 1 Department of Medicine.,3 Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ajala O, Erqou S, Bambs C, Sharbaugh M, Althouse A, Aiyer A, Kip K, Reis S. IDEAL CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH METRICS IN COUPLES: A COMMUNITY-BASED POPULATION STUDY. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(17)35199-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
38
|
Dubois B, Wilcox C, Weintraub J, Susman J, Sperling D, Sheynzon V, Schlossberg P, Chheang S, Reis S, Mobley D. Efficacy and safety of partial splenic embolization in patients with splenomegaly associated cytopenias. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2016.12.755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
|
39
|
Ajala O, Chandra D, Zhang Y, Reis S, Saba S, Sciurba F. LOWER CIRCULATING LEVELS OF TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RELATED APOPTOSIS-INDUCING LIGAND (TRAIL) ARE ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED SUB-CLINICAL CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN SMOKERS. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(16)32088-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
40
|
Erqou S, Kip K, Mulukutla S, Aiyer A, Reis S. ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION AND RACIAL DISPARITIES IN MORTALITY AND ADVERSE CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE OUTCOMES. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(16)31976-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
41
|
Srinivasa R, Malguria N, Chopra R, Reis S. How to create 3D printable models from CT angiographic images for patient and trainee education. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2015.12.591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
42
|
Toliyat M, Singh K, Sibley R, Reis S, Kalva S, Pillai A. Growing role of interventional radiology in managing thoracic duct injuries: a pictorial essay depicting the latest developments and interventional approaches. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2015.12.615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
43
|
Neves AR, Nunes C, Amenitsch H, Reis S. Effects of resveratrol on the structure and fluidity of lipid bilayers: a membrane biophysical study. Soft Matter 2016; 12:2118-2126. [PMID: 26745787 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm02905h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a natural active compound which has been attracting increasing interest due to its several pharmacological effects in cancer prevention, cardiovascular protection and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and diabetes. The current work investigates how resveratrol affects membrane order and structure, gathering information determined by X-ray scattering analysis, derivative spectrophotometry, fluorescence quenching and fluorescence anisotropy studies. The results indicate that resveratrol is able to be incorporated into DMPC liposome model systems, either fluidizing or stiffening the bilayer, which largely depends on the membrane fluidity state. These findings suggest that the effects of resveratrol resemble cholesterol action on biological membranes, thereby contributing to the regulation of cell membrane structure and fluidity, which may influence the activity of transmembrane proteins and hence control the cell signaling pathways. The regulation of a number of cellular functions, thus may contribute to the pharmacological and therapeutic activities of this compound, explaining its pleiotropic action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A R Neves
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bealey WJ, Dore AJ, Dragosits U, Reis S, Reay DS, Sutton MA. The potential for tree planting strategies to reduce local and regional ecosystem impacts of agricultural ammonia emissions. J Environ Manage 2016; 165:106-116. [PMID: 26413804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Trees are very effective at capturing both gaseous and particulate pollutants from the atmosphere. But while studies have often focussed on PM and NOx in the urban environment, little research has been carried out on the tree effect of capturing gaseous emissions of ammonia in the rural landscape. To examine the removal or scavenging of ammonia by trees a long-range atmospheric model (FRAME) was used to compare two strategies that could be used in emission reduction policies anywhere in the world where nitrogen pollution from agriculture is a problem. One strategy was to reduce the emission source strength of livestock management systems by implementing two 'tree-capture' systems scenarios - tree belts downwind of housing and managing livestock under trees. This emission reduction can be described as an 'on-farm' emission reduction policy, as ammonia is 'stopped' from dispersion outside the farm boundaries. The second strategy was to apply an afforestation policy targeting areas of high ammonia emission through two planting scenarios of increasing afforestation by 25% and 50%. Both strategies use trees with the aim of intercepting NH3 emissions to protect semi-natural areas. Scenarios for on-farm emission reductions showed national reductions in nitrogen deposition to semi-natural areas of 0.14% (0.2 kt N-NHx) to 2.2% (3.15 kt N-NHx). Scenarios mitigating emissions from cattle and pig housing gave the highest reductions. The afforestation strategy showed national reductions of 6% (8.4 kt N-NHx) to 11% (15.7 kt N-NHx) for 25% and 50% afforestation scenarios respectively. Increased capture by the planted trees also showed an added benefit of reducing long range effects including a decrease in wet deposition up to 3.7 kt N-NHx (4.6%) and a decrease in export from the UK up to 8.3 kt N-NHx (6.8%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W J Bealey
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik EH26 0QB, United Kingdom.
| | - A J Dore
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik EH26 0QB, United Kingdom
| | - U Dragosits
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik EH26 0QB, United Kingdom
| | - S Reis
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik EH26 0QB, United Kingdom
| | - D S Reay
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, High School Yards, Edinburgh, EH8 9XP, United Kingdom
| | - M A Sutton
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik EH26 0QB, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Pappas D, Reis S, Ali A, Kapur A. SU-E-T-511: Inter-Rater Variability in Classification of Incidents in a New Incident Reporting System. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
46
|
Gupta A, Chandra D, Zhang Y, Reis S, Sciurba F. Abstract 354: Lower Circulating Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor Related Apoptosis-inducing Ligand (TRAIL) are Associated with Increased Sub-clinical Coronary Atherosclerosis among Smokers. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1161/atvb.35.suppl_1.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rationale:
There is significant in vitro evidence demonstrating anti-atherogenic effect of circulating Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Also, decreased circulating TRAIL levels have been reported in patients with acute myocardial infarction and in those undergoing coronary catheterization due to suspected coronary atherosclerosis. However, it remains unknown if TRAIL levels are associated with sub-clinical coronary atherosclerosis.
Methods:
The study included 460 current and former smokers enrolled in the Pittsburgh COPD SCCOR study. Serum TRAIL levels were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, according to the manufacture’s protocol (Meso Scale Discovery, Gaithersburg, Maryland). Coronary atherosclerosis was assessed by a validated visual coronary artery calcium scoring system using non-EKG gated chest CT scans (Weston score). Ordinal logistic regression models were used to identify significant associations between categories of CAC score (0, 1-3, 4-8, and 9-12) and TRAIL level, and to adjust for cardiovascular risk factors.
Results:
The mean age of the 460 participants was 65.7 ± 6.3 years, 52.2% were male, and the mean pack years of smoking was 55.0 ± 30.8 years. In univariate analyses, each standard deviation decrease in TRAIL levels was associated with 1.42-fold increase in the odds of having calcium scores in one higher category (p<0.001). This association persisted despite adjustment for age, gender, race, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, pack years of smoking, and current smoking status (adjusted OR for higher category of calcium score per SD decrease in TRAIL level 1.22, p=0.04).
Conclusions:
Our results expand on the in vitro and in vivo data linking decreased TRAIL levels with increased atherosclerosis by demonstrating a novel association between lower circulating TRAIL and increased subclinical coronary atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aman Gupta
- Internal Medicine, Univ of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Divay Chandra
- Internal Medicine, Univ of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Internal Medicine, Univ of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Steven Reis
- Internal Medicine, Univ of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Frank Sciurba
- Internal Medicine, Univ of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abranches PAS, Varejão EVV, da Silva CM, de Fátima Â, Magalhães TFF, da Silva DL, de Resende-Stoianoff MA, Reis S, Nascimento CS, de Almeida WB, Figueiredo IM, Fernandes SA. Complexes of fluconazole with sodium p-sulfonatocalix[n]arenes: characterization, solubility and antifungal activity. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05423k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aiming at providing new formulations capable of improving the biopharmaceutical properties of fluconazole, we studied the formation of host–guest complexes of this antifungal agent with water-soluble sodium p-sulfonatocalix[n]arenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - C. M. da Silva
- Departamento de Química
- ICEx
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | - Â. de Fátima
- Departamento de Química
- ICEx
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | - T. F. F. Magalhães
- Departamento de Microbiologia
- ICB
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | - D. L. da Silva
- Departamento de Microbiologia
- ICB
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | | | - S. Reis
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais (DCNAT)
- Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei
- São João Del Rei
- Brazil
| | - C. S. Nascimento
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais (DCNAT)
- Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei
- São João Del Rei
- Brazil
| | - W. B. de Almeida
- Laboratório de Química Computacional (LQC)
- Departamento de Química Inorgânica
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal Fluminense
- Campus do Valonguinho
| | - I. M. Figueiredo
- Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas
- Maceió
- Brazil
| | - S. A. Fernandes
- Departamento de Química
- CCE
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa
- Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Yende S, Linde-Zwirble W, Mayr F, Weissfeld LA, Reis S, Angus DC. Risk of cardiovascular events in survivors of severe sepsis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2014; 189:1065-74. [PMID: 24456535 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201307-1321oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The risk of cardiovascular events after severe sepsis is not known, and these events may explain increased long-term mortality in survivors of severe sepsis. OBJECTIVES To determine whether survivors of severe sepsis hospitalization have high long-term risk of cardiovascular events. We examined whether higher risk is due to severe sepsis hospitalization or poor prehospitalization health status, and if the higher risk is also observed in patients hospitalized for infectious and noninfectious reasons, and in other critically ill patients. METHODS Unmatched and matched-cohort analyses of Medicare beneficiaries. For unmatched analysis, we compared patients with severe sepsis admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and survived hospitalization (n = 4,179) to unmatched population control subjects (n = 819,283). For matched analysis, we propensity-score-matched each patient with severe sepsis to four control subjects (population, hospitalized, non-severe sepsis ICU control subjects, and infection hospitalization). Primary outcome was 1-year incidence rate of hospitalization for cardiovascular events. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Cardiovascular events were common among patients discharged alive after severe sepsis hospitalization (29.5%; 498.2 events/1,000 person-years). Survivors of severe sepsis had a 13-fold higher risk of cardiovascular events compared with unmatched control subjects (498.2 vs. 36 events/1,000 person-years; P < 0.0001), and a 1.9-fold higher risk compared with matched-population control subjects (P < 0.0001). Survivors of severe sepsis had 1.1-fold higher risk compared with matched hospitalized patients and infection hospitalizations (P = 0.002 and 0.001) and similar risk compared with matched-ICU control subjects. CONCLUSIONS Survivors of severe sepsis have high risk of cardiovascular events. The higher risk is mainly due to poor prehospitalization health status, and is also seen in a broader population of acutely ill patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Yende
- 1 The Clinical Research, Investigation, and Systems Modeling of Acute Illness Laboratory, and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
|
50
|
|