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Jones AV, Singh NP, Boyd CJ. Letter re: Reply To: Telehealth Training for Surgeons to Empathetically Deliver Bad News Via Video-Mediated Communication. Am Surg 2023; 89:6433-6434. [PMID: 34747232 DOI: 10.1177/00031348211048816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Jones
- School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Nikhi P Singh
- School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Carter J Boyd
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Langone, New York, NY, USA
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2
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Jones AV, Mubiana-Mbewe M, Xue Y, Kapesa H, Mzumara M, Manasyan A, Dionne J. 1175. Low Treatment Rates and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women with Syphilis in Zambia. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac492.1012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Syphilis in pregnancy is common in Africa with prevalence as high as 10%. In high prevalence areas ( > 5%), WHO recommends universal syphilis screening and benzathine penicillin G treatment at the first antenatal clinic (ANC) visit. Implementation barriers include global stock outs and supply chain issues. Our goal was to document treatment rates and factors associated with lack of treatment among pregnant women with syphilis in Zambia.
Methods
The retrospective cohort study analyzed medical record data from pregnant women who sought care in 10 public ANC clinics in Lusaka, Zambia during 2018-2019 and tested positive for syphilis. Syphilis was diagnosed based on positive RPR testing and treatment was defined as documented penicillin therapy at the same facility. Patient characteristics were compared across treatment status using Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test for continuous variables, and Pearson Chi-Square Test for categorical variables. Simple logistic models with treatment status as the binary outcome were conducted to evaluate potential factors associated with lack of syphilis treatment in pregnancy. A multivariable logistic model was performed and a 2-sided P < 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant.
Results
Among 28,480 pregnant women screened for syphilis, 5.6% (n=1363) tested positive. Among those with syphilis, median age was 27 years, 21% of women were nulliparous and 43% were living with HIV. Most women (72%) had their initial ANC visit during the 2nd trimester and 96% were screened for syphilis at the first visit. The documented treatment rate was 42% and the only factor associated with lack of treatment was ANC entry in 2019 compared to 2018 (aOR 2.2; 95% CI 1.7-2.8; p < 0.001). (refer to Tables 1-2).
Conclusion
Syphilis prevalence among pregnant women tested in ANC clinic in Zambia during 2018-2019 was 5.6%. Recommended penicillin treatment was only documented in 42% of cases. No maternal or clinic characteristic was associated with lack of therapy. Calendar year may have been associated with treatment for unclear reasons. Novel approaches to ensure access to universal diagnosis and early treatment of syphilis among pregnant women in Zambia are needed to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Disclosures
All Authors: No reported disclosures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Jones
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Heersink School of Medicine , Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | - Yumo Xue
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Heersink School of Medicine , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Herbert Kapesa
- Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia , Kalingalinga, Lusaka , Zambia
| | - Maureen Mzumara
- Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia , Kalingalinga, Lusaka , Zambia
| | - Albert Manasyan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia , Kalingalinga, Lusaka , Zambia
| | - Jodie Dionne
- University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
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Khan NR, Saad H, Oravec CS, Norrdahl SP, Fraser B, Wallace D, Lillard JC, Motiwala M, Nguyen VN, Lee SL, Jones AV, Ajmera S, Kalakoti P, Dave P, Moore KA, Akinduro O, Nyenwe E, Vaughn B, Michael LM, Klimo P. An Analysis of Publication Productivity During Residency for 1506 Neurosurgical Residents and 117 Residency Departments in North America. Neurosurgery 2020; 84:857-867. [PMID: 29850872 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyy217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bibliometrics is defined as the study of statistical and mathematical methods used to quantitatively analyze scientific literature. The application of bibliometrics in neurosurgery continues to evolve. OBJECTIVE To calculate a number of publication productivity measures for almost all neurosurgical residents and departments within North America. These measures were correlated with survey results on the educational environment within residency programs. METHODS During May to June 2017, data were collected from departmental websites and Scopus to compose a bibliometric database of neurosurgical residents and residency programs. Data related to authorship value and study content were collected on all articles published by residents. A survey of residency program research and educational environment was administered to program directors and coordinators; results were compared with resident academic productivity. RESULTS The median number of publications in residency was 3; median h-index and Resident index were 1 and 0.17 during residency, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in academic productivity among male neurosurgical residents compared with females. The majority of articles published were tier 1 clinical articles. Residency program research support was significantly associated with increased resident productivity (P < .001). Scholarly activity requirements were not associated with increased resident academic productivity. CONCLUSION This study represents the most comprehensive bibliometric assessment of neurosurgical resident academic productivity during training to date. New benchmarks for individual and department academic productivity are provided. A supportive research environment for neurosurgical residents is associated with increased academic productivity, but a scholarly activity requirement was, surprisingly, not shown to have a positive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nickalus R Khan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Hassan Saad
- Arkansas Neuroscience Institute, CHI St. Vincent Infirmary, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Chesney S Oravec
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Brittany Fraser
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - David Wallace
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jock C Lillard
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Mustafa Motiwala
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Vincent N Nguyen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Siang Liao Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - Anna V Jones
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Sonia Ajmera
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | | | - Kenneth A Moore
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Olutomi Akinduro
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Brandy Vaughn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - L Madison Michael
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee.,Semmes Murphey, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Paul Klimo
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee.,Department of Neurosurgery, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.,Semmes Murphey, Memphis, Tennessee
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Score J, Chase A, Forsberg LA, Feng L, Waghorn K, Jones AV, Rasi C, Linch DC, Dumanski JP, Gale RE, Cross NCP. Detection of leukemia-associated mutations in peripheral blood DNA of hematologically normal elderly individuals. Leukemia 2015; 29:1600-2. [PMID: 25627638 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Score
- 1] Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury, UK [2] Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - A Chase
- 1] Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury, UK [2] Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - L A Forsberg
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - L Feng
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury, UK
| | - K Waghorn
- 1] Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury, UK [2] Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - A V Jones
- 1] Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury, UK [2] Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - C Rasi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - D C Linch
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - J P Dumanski
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - R E Gale
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - N C P Cross
- 1] Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury, UK [2] Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Chase A, Leung W, Tapper W, Jones AV, Knoops L, Rasi C, Forsberg LA, Guglielmelli P, Zoi K, Hall V, Chiecchio L, Eder-Azanza L, Bryant C, Lannfelt L, Docherty L, White HE, Score J, Mackay DJG, Vannucchi AM, Dumanski JP, Cross NCP. Profound parental bias associated with chromosome 14 acquired uniparental disomy indicates targeting of an imprinted locus. Leukemia 2015; 29:2069-74. [PMID: 26114957 PMCID: PMC4687469 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Acquired uniparental disomy (aUPD) is a common finding in myeloid malignancies and typically acts to convert a somatically acquired heterozygous mutation to homozygosity. We sought to identify the target of chromosome 14 aUPD (aUPD14), a recurrent abnormality in myeloid neoplasms and population cohorts of elderly individuals. We identified 29 cases with aUPD14q that defined a minimal affected region (MAR) of 11.2 Mb running from 14q32.12 to the telomere. Exome sequencing (n=7) did not identify recurrently mutated genes, but methylation-specific PCR at the imprinted MEG3-DLK1 locus located within the MAR demonstrated loss of maternal chromosome 14 and gain of paternal chromosome 14 (P<0.0001), with the degree of methylation imbalance correlating with the level of aUPD (r=0.76; P=0.0001). The absence of driver gene mutations in the exomes of three individuals with aUPD14q but no known haematological disorder suggests that aUPD14q may be sufficient to drive clonal haemopoiesis. Analysis of cases with both aUPD14q and JAK2 V617F (n=11) indicated that aUPD14q may be an early event in some cases but a late event in others. We conclude that aUPD14q is a recurrent abnormality that targets an imprinted locus and may promote clonal haemopoiesis either as an initiating event or as a secondary change.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chase
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - W Leung
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - W Tapper
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - A V Jones
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - L Knoops
- Hematology unit, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc and de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - C Rasi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - L A Forsberg
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - P Guglielmelli
- Laboratorio Congiunto MMPC, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - K Zoi
- Haematology Research Laboratory, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - V Hall
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - L Chiecchio
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, UK
| | - L Eder-Azanza
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, UK
| | - C Bryant
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - L Lannfelt
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - L Docherty
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - H E White
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - J Score
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - D J G Mackay
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - A M Vannucchi
- Laboratorio Congiunto MMPC, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - J P Dumanski
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - N C P Cross
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Greenall CJ, Jones JL, Jones AV, Drage NA, Bhatia S, Hourihan MD. Solitary fibrous tumour of the cheek: An unusual presentation of a rare soft tissue tumour. Ultrasound 2014; 22:236-9. [PMID: 27433225 DOI: 10.1177/1742271x14554145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This case report discusses the unusual presentation and ultrasound features of a solitary fibrous tumour of the face. Solitary fibrous tumour is an uncommon form of soft tissue tumour which, although seen predominantly within the lung pleura, can occur throughout the body in sites such as the peritoneum, mediastinum and head and neck. Ultrasound is an excellent imaging modality in the assessment of soft tissue masses in the head and neck. The ultrasound features demonstrated by this example of solitary fibrous tumour are reviewed. This report also highlights that ultrasound alone is ultimately limited in reaching a definitive diagnosis. The roles of other investigations such as ultrasound-guided biopsy and cross-sectional imaging are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Greenall
- Department of Dental Radiology, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | - J L Jones
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | - A V Jones
- Department of Oral Pathology, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | - N A Drage
- Department of Dental Radiology, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | - S Bhatia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | - M D Hourihan
- Department of Neuroradiology, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
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Nangalia J, Massie CE, Baxter EJ, Nice FL, Gundem G, Wedge DC, Avezov E, Li J, Kollmann K, Kent DG, Aziz A, Godfrey AL, Hinton J, Martincorena I, Van Loo P, Jones AV, Guglielmelli P, Tarpey P, Harding HP, Fitzpatrick JD, Goudie CT, Ortmann CA, Loughran SJ, Raine K, Jones DR, Butler AP, Teague JW, O'Meara S, McLaren S, Bianchi M, Silber Y, Dimitropoulou D, Bloxham D, Mudie L, Maddison M, Robinson B, Keohane C, Maclean C, Hill K, Orchard K, Tauro S, Du MQ, Greaves M, Bowen D, Huntly BJP, Harrison CN, Cross NCP, Ron D, Vannucchi AM, Papaemmanuil E, Campbell PJ, Green AR. Somatic CALR mutations in myeloproliferative neoplasms with nonmutated JAK2. N Engl J Med 2013; 369:2391-2405. [PMID: 24325359 PMCID: PMC3966280 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1312542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1333] [Impact Index Per Article: 121.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Somatic mutations in the Janus kinase 2 gene (JAK2) occur in many myeloproliferative neoplasms, but the molecular pathogenesis of myeloproliferative neoplasms with nonmutated JAK2 is obscure, and the diagnosis of these neoplasms remains a challenge. METHODS We performed exome sequencing of samples obtained from 151 patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms. The mutation status of the gene encoding calreticulin (CALR) was assessed in an additional 1345 hematologic cancers, 1517 other cancers, and 550 controls. We established phylogenetic trees using hematopoietic colonies. We assessed calreticulin subcellular localization using immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. RESULTS Exome sequencing identified 1498 mutations in 151 patients, with medians of 6.5, 6.5, and 13.0 mutations per patient in samples of polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and myelofibrosis, respectively. Somatic CALR mutations were found in 70 to 84% of samples of myeloproliferative neoplasms with nonmutated JAK2, in 8% of myelodysplasia samples, in occasional samples of other myeloid cancers, and in none of the other cancers. A total of 148 CALR mutations were identified with 19 distinct variants. Mutations were located in exon 9 and generated a +1 base-pair frameshift, which would result in a mutant protein with a novel C-terminal. Mutant calreticulin was observed in the endoplasmic reticulum without increased cell-surface or Golgi accumulation. Patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms carrying CALR mutations presented with higher platelet counts and lower hemoglobin levels than patients with mutated JAK2. Mutation of CALR was detected in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Clonal analyses showed CALR mutations in the earliest phylogenetic node, a finding consistent with its role as an initiating mutation in some patients. CONCLUSIONS Somatic mutations in the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone CALR were found in a majority of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms with nonmutated JAK2. (Funded by the Kay Kendall Leukaemia Fund and others.).
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Vargas PA, da Cruz Perez DE, Mata GM, de Almeida OP, Jones AV, Gerhard R. Fine needle aspiration cytology as an additional tool in the diagnosis of odontogenic keratocyst. Cytopathology 2007; 18:361-6. [PMID: 17388930 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2007.00444.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the use of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in diagnosis of odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), as well as to describe the cytological and immunohistochemical features. METHODS Eight consecutive patients submitted to FNAC and diagnosed with OKC were included in this study. FNAC was performed using 24-gauge needles attached to a 10-ml syringe, supported by a mechanical-syringe holder to facilitate aspiration. All cases provided a liquid or viscous content for smears that were either air-dried for Diff-Quick staining or immediately fixed in 95% alcohol and stained by the Papanicolaou technique. Incisional biopsies were carried out to confirm the diagnosis. Immunohistochemical reactions against anti-pan-cytokeratin (CK), CK14 and CK19 were performed in 3 microm sections obtained from cell blocks and biopsy specimens. RESULTS Cytologically many isolated or groups of keratinocytes with normal or ill defined nuclei were seen, besides numerous anucleated squamous cells and keratinous debris. Immunohistochemically, the keratin lamellae were positive for pan-cytokeratin and CK19, but negative for CK14. In biopsy specimens, CK14 expression was restricted to basal cells, while only the superficial cells were positive for CK19. CONCLUSIONS In summary, FNAC is useful, reliable and safe tool for the preoperative diagnosis of OKC.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Vargas
- Oral Pathology Division, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
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9
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Jones AV, Craig GT, Speight PM, Franklin CD. The range and demographics of salivary gland tumours diagnosed in a UK population. Oral Oncol 2007; 44:407-17. [PMID: 17825603 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2007.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2007] [Revised: 04/11/2007] [Accepted: 05/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Salivary gland tumours are relatively rare and comprise a diverse range of neoplasms. The aim of this study was to determine the range and demographics of all histologically diagnosed salivary tumours in a European population. All entries for salivary gland tumours from 1974 to 2005 inclusive were retrieved and analysed for each diagnosis including number of specimens, male:female ratio and age range. These data were then analysed for the distribution of benign and malignant salivary tumours in major and minor salivary glands. 58,880 specimens were received; of these, 741 cases (1.3% of all specimens) were diagnosed as salivary gland tumours with a male to female ratio of 0.7:1. There were 481 (64.9%) benign and 260 (35.1%) malignant neoplasms, with the most common tumours being pleomorphic adenoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma, respectively. Our study provides demographic data on a large series of salivary gland tumours in a European population. Accurate diagnosis is essential as salivary lesions have diverse clinical and prognostic outcomes. This study has confirmed that some tumours have a predilection for certain sites and that the risk of malignant disease is also greater at specific sites within the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Jones
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffileld, Claremont Crescent, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK.
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11
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Crescenzi B, Chase A, Starza RL, Beacci D, Rosti V, Gallì A, Specchia G, Martelli MF, Vandenberghe P, Cools J, Jones AV, Cross NCP, Marynen P, Mecucci C. FIP1L1-PDGFRA in chronic eosinophilic leukemia and BCR-ABL1 in chronic myeloid leukemia affect different leukemic cells. Leukemia 2007; 21:397-402. [PMID: 17215855 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We investigated genetically affected leukemic cells in FIP1L1-PDGFRA+ chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL) and in BCR-ABL1+ chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), two myeloproliferative disorders responsive to imatinib. Fluorescence in situ hybridization specific for BCR-ABL1 and for FIP1L1-PDGFRA was combined with cytomorphology or with lineage-restricted monoclonal antibodies and applied in CML and CEL, respectively. In CEL the amount of FIP1L1-PDGFRA+ cells among CD34+ and CD133+ cells, B and T lymphocytes, and megakaryocytes were within normal ranges. Positivity was found in eosinophils, granulo-monocytes and varying percentages of erythrocytes. In vitro assays with imatinib showed reduced survival of peripheral blood mononuclear cells but no reduction in colony-forming unit growth medium (CFU-GM) growth. In CML the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene was detected in CD34+/CD133+ cells, granulo-monocytes, eosinophils, erythrocytes, megakaryocytes and B-lymphocytes. Growth of both peripheral blood mononuclear cells and CFU-GM was inhibited by imatinib. This study provided evidence for marked differences in the leukemic masses which are targeted by imatinib in CEL or CML, as harboring FIP1L1-PDGFRA or BCR-ABL1.
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MESH Headings
- AC133 Antigen
- Antigens, CD/analysis
- Antigens, CD34/analysis
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Benzamides
- Cell Lineage
- Chronic Disease
- Clone Cells/enzymology
- Drug Resistance
- Eosinophils/enzymology
- Erythrocytes/enzymology
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/analysis
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/antagonists & inhibitors
- Glycophorins/analysis
- Glycoproteins/analysis
- Granulocytes/enzymology
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/enzymology
- Humans
- Hypereosinophilic Syndrome/drug therapy
- Hypereosinophilic Syndrome/enzymology
- Hypereosinophilic Syndrome/genetics
- Hypereosinophilic Syndrome/pathology
- Imatinib Mesylate
- Immunophenotyping
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/enzymology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Lymphocyte Subsets/enzymology
- Megakaryocytes/enzymology
- Monocytes/enzymology
- Myeloid Cells/enzymology
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/enzymology
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/analysis
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/antagonists & inhibitors
- Peptides/analysis
- Piperazines/therapeutic use
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
- Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha/analysis
- Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha/antagonists & inhibitors
- Tumor Stem Cell Assay
- X Chromosome Inactivation
- mRNA Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factors/analysis
- mRNA Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factors/antagonists & inhibitors
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Affiliation(s)
- B Crescenzi
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the range of all histologically diagnosed odontogenic cysts along with age range, sex distribution and site of presentation over a 30-year period. METHODS All entries for odontogenic cysts occurring during 1975-2004 inclusive were retrieved and analysed for demographic data. RESULTS A total of 55,446 specimens were received, of these 7121 (12.8%) specimens were diagnosed as odontogenic cysts. Radicular cyst was the most common diagnosis (52.3%), followed by dentigerous cyst (18.1) and odontogenic keratocysts (11.6%). CONCLUSIONS Our study provides demographic data on a large series of odontogenic cysts in a European population. This is one of the largest series reported to date. Cysts such as the paradental cyst have a predilection for certain ages, sexes and sites. Odontogenic keratocysts and glandular odontogenic cysts have a marked propensity to recur as well as behave aggressively. It is essential that such lesions are detected as early as possible to minimize any necessary surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Jones
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, Claremont Crescent, Sheffield, UK
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the range of histologically diagnosed lesions in 44,000 oral and maxillofacial pathology specimens, from adults 17 years and older, submitted for diagnosis to our laboratory over a 30-year period (1973-2002). MATERIALS All entries for specimens from the patients were retrieved and compiled into 12 diagnostic categories. RESULTS During the period, 44,007 specimens comprised a male-to-female ratio of 0.9:1. The diagnostic category with the largest number of specimens was mucosal pathology (36.0%) followed by odontogenic cysts (13.8%). Malignant tumours accounted for 5.4% of all specimens and benign tumours 4.6%. CONCLUSION This survey showed that while the majority of diagnoses are benign, approximately one in 19 cases required major head and neck surgery for malignant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Jones
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Franklin CD, Jones AV. A survey of oral and maxillofacial pathology specimens submitted by general dental practitioners over a 30-year period. Br Dent J 2006; 200:447-50; discussion 443. [PMID: 16703040 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4813464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the range and frequency of diagnoses in specimens submitted for histopathological examination by general dental practitioners (GDPs). METHODS A retrospective analysis was carried out of all cases submitted by GDPs for the period 1974-2003, using a Foxpro Windows database. The data were collated into 10 diagnostic categories each comprising number of diagnoses, percentage of each diagnosis within a diagnostic category and each diagnosis as a percentage of total cases. RESULTS GDPs submitted 6,666 cases out of a total of 53,474 for this period. While the total number of specimens increased four-fold over the 30-year period, specimens from GDPs increased from 7% to 17%. The range of diagnoses increased from 18 to 45. Of the 617 GDPs who submitted material, 279 (45%) submitted less than two specimens each in 30 years. Nine malignant neoplasms were diagnosed. Other significant pathology included 320 benign neoplasms as well as diagnoses ranging from mucosal lesions such as lichen planus to odontogenic cysts. CONCLUSIONS It is clear that GDPs have provided an increased number of biopsy specimens over the last three decades. This reflects an increasing demand by GDPs for a diagnostic oral histopathology service and their use of this service should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D Franklin
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Claremont Crescent, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK.
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Chung KF, Hew M, Score J, Jones AV, Reiter A, Cross NCP, Bain BJ. Cough and hypereosinophilia due to FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion gene with tyrosine kinase activity. Eur Respir J 2006; 27:230-2. [PMID: 16387954 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.06.00089405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Eosinophil-associated conditions, such as asthma and eosinophilic bronchitis, have been associated with chronic persistent cough, usually responding to corticosteroid therapy. This case study reports a case of persistent cough associated with gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) and hypereosinophilia. Treatment of GOR with proton pump inhibitors and fundoplication did not control the cough. However, high dose prednisolone, but not inhaled corticosteroids, did. The presence of the FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion gene in myeloid cells was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridisation analysis using CHIC2 deletion as a surrogate marker. The cough and other disease features were subsequently suppressed by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, imatinib. This is the first case of persistent cough caused by hypereosinophilic syndrome characterised by FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion gene and aberrant tyrosine kinase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K F Chung
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College and Royal Brompton Hospital, London SW3 6LY, UK.
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Abstract
AIM The vast majority of oral diseases are confined to oral tissues, but numerous underlying systemic conditions may present with signs and symptoms within the oral cavity. Since the epidemiology of diseases is variable between regions, the authors carried out Europe's first paediatric-based survey of oral and maxillofacial pathology specimens submitted for diagnosis. DESIGN All entries for specimens from children between the ages of 0 and 16 years during the 30-year period from 1973 to 2002 were retrieved and compiled into 12 diagnostic categories. RESULTS During the study period, 4406 (8.2%) specimens came from children between the ages of 0 and 16 years, with a male to female ratio of 1.01. The diagnostic category with the largest number of specimens was tooth pathology (22.1%), followed by salivary gland disease (19.1%) and mucosal pathology (12.1%). In all, there were 114 benign tumours of nonodontogenic origin, 43 odontogenic tumours and 31 malignant tumours. The most frequently diagnosed lesions were mucous extravasation cysts, which accounted for over 16% of cases. Periapical pathology in the form of a radicular cyst, residual cyst or chronic periapical granuloma formed almost 13% of all cases. CONCLUSIONS This survey shows that, while nearly 10% of specimens submitted to the authors' laboratory are from children under 16 years of age, the majority of lesions are of a benign nature, requiring minimal intervention; less than 1% of cases comprise malignant lesions. Odontogenic tumours are relatively rare in this age group; however, certain lesions such as adenomatoid odontogenic tumour and ameloblastic fibroma occur predominantly in children and, therefore, remain an important diagnostic consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Jones
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Claremont Crescent, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK
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Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) and their ligands, platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) play critical roles in mesenchymal cell migration and proliferation. In embryogenesis the PDGFR/PDGF system is essential for the correct development of the kidney, cardiovascular system, brain, lung and connective tissue. In adults, PDGFR/PDGF is important in wound healing, inflammation and angiogenesis. Abnormalities of PDGFR/PDGF are thought to contribute to a number of human diseases, and especially malignancy. Constitutive activation of the PDGFRalpha or PDGFRbeta receptor tyrosine kinases is seen in myeloid malignancies as a consequence of fusion to diverse partner genes, and activating mutations of PDGFRalpha are seen in gastrointestinal tumours (GISTs). Autocrine signalling as a consequence of PDGF-B overexpression is clearly implicated in the pathogenesis of dermatofibrosarcoma protruberans (DFSP) and overexpression of PDGFRs and/or their ligands has been described in many solid tumours. PDGFR signalling is inhibited by imatinib mesylate, and this compound has clear clinical activity in patients with myeloid malignancies, GIST and DFSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Jones
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury, United Kingdom
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Abstract
We examine an ultraviolet camera used aboard a rotating spacecraft where the image motion due to spacecraft spin is canceled by synchronously stepping the image charge accumulating in a charge coupled detector. Critical to this procedure is the flattening of a velocity field associated with the spherical focal surface of the Burch configuration camera. We show that this can be efficiently accomplished by a tapered fiber-optic bundle having one surface figured to a cylinder whose axis lies along the charge-stepping direction.
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Dewsbury M, Jones AV. Science teaching at the bedside. Spec Educ Forward Trends 1984; 11:35-7. [PMID: 6710245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Harwood JL, Jones AV, Thomas H. Leaf senescence in a non-yellowing mutant of Festuca pratensis : III. Total acyl lipids of leaf tissue during senescence. Planta 1982; 156:152-157. [PMID: 24272310 DOI: 10.1007/bf00395429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/1982] [Accepted: 06/03/1986] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The lipid compositions of leaves from Festuca pratensis cv. Rossa (yellowing) were compared with those from a non-yellowing mutant, Bf 993. The leaves of Bf 993 contained a higher level of acyl lipids on both a fresh-weight and a dry-weight basis. Diacylgalactosylglycerol, diacylgalabiosylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol were relatively enriched in the Bf 993 mutant while phosphatidylcholine was relatively reduced. There were no differences in the fatty-acid compositions of individual lipids between the two varieties. During senescence, the lipids of cv. Rossa were progressively degraded over an 8-d period. In contrast little lipid degradation was observed in the Bf 993 mutant during the first 4 d. The results support the hypothesis that the slower senescence changes of the Bf 993 mutant may be due, in part, to an altered membrane lipid composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Harwood
- Department of Biochemistry, University College, CF1 1XL, Cardiff
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Abstract
This paper describes an integrated data acquisition system built for a cryogenic STEM which is currently under construction in the authors' laboratory. Advantage was taken of modern digital and microprocessor techniques to construct a versatile and expandable system in the minimum time. The system is able to operate in conjunction with an external image processing computer or as an independent system with built-in image processing facilities.
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Abstract
1. The effect of the addition of a number of nitroimidazoles was tested on fatty acid synthesis by germinating pea seeds, isolated lettuce chloroplasts and a soluble fraction from pea seeds. 2. All the compounds tested had a marked inhibition on stearate desaturation by lettuce chloroplasts and on the synthesis of very-long-chain fatty acids by pea seeds. 3. In contrast, the effect of the drugs on total fatty acid synthesis from [14C]acetate in chloroplasts was related to the compound's electron reduction potentials. 4. Of the compounds used, only metronidazole had a marked inhibition on palmitate elongation in the systems tested. 5. The mechanism of inhibition of plant fatty acid synthesis by nitroimidazoles is discussed and the possible relevance of these findings to their neurotoxicity is suggested.
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Abstract
When [14C]diacylgalactosylglycerol was added to isolated pea or lettuce chloroplasts linolenate synthesis was seen. The desaturation of [14C]linoleate in diacylgalactosylglycerol to [14C]linolenate was stimulated by the addition of a soluble protein fraction containing lipid-exchange activity. Other [14C]acyl lipids were ineffective, except that [14C]phosphatidylcholine in the presence of UDP-galactose and sn-glycerol 3-phosphate could also supply [14C]linoleate for desaturation. These results are consistent with a role of diacylgalactosylglycerol in linolenate synthesis, as indirectly suggested by labelling experiments.
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Khan A, Joyce P, Jones AV. Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndromes. N Z Med J 1980; 92:94-6. [PMID: 6107888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We report eight cases of benzodiazepine withdrawal syndromes seen in a general psychiatric hospital. These consisted of acute organic brain syndrome, grand mal convulsions and abstinence syndromes. All of the cases were using benzodiazepines in prescribed therapeutic doses. These problems appear to be more common than are generally acknowledged.
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Hunten DM, Rundle HN, Shepherd GG, Jones AV. Optical upper atmospheric investigations at the University of Saskatchewan. Appl Opt 1967; 6:1609-1623. [PMID: 20062277 DOI: 10.1364/ao.6.001609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The history and philosophy of optical instrumentation for auroral and airglow studies, as developed at the University of Saskatchewan, is reviewed. Some details are given of the applications of grating spectroscopic systems, Fabry-Perot monochromators, Michelson interferometers, and birefringent and filter photometers with both photographic, photomultiplier, and photoconductive detectors. Finally, examples are given of the applications of these techniques to upper atmosphere temperature determinations, auroral excitation theory, auroral hydrogen arc studies, atmospheric alkali metals, and dayglow molecular oxygen emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Hunten
- Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon
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