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Miyazawa D, Suzuki K, Sato H, Katsurayama N, Tahira T, Mizutani H, Ohara N. Docosahexaenoic acid contributes to increased CaMKII protein expression and a tendency to increase nNOS protein expression in differentiated NG108-15 cells. Drug Discov Ther 2023:2023.01003. [PMID: 37245984 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2023.01003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3), an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, has various important roles in brain functions. Nitric oxide (NO) produced by neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) and Ca2+/calmodulindependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is also involved in brain functions. We investigated the influence of DHA on nNOS and CaMKII protein expression in differentiated NG108-15 cells. NG108-15 cells were seeded in 12-well plates, and after 24 h, the medium was replaced with Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing 1% fetal bovine serum, 0.2 mM dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate and 100 nM dexamethasone as differentiation-inducing medium. When cells were cultured in differentiation-inducing medium, neurite-like outgrowths were observed on days 5 and 6. However, no significant difference in morphology was observed in cells with or without DHA treatment. With or without DHA addition, nNOS protein expression was increased on days 5 and 6 compared with day 0. This increase tended to be enhanced by DHA. CaMKII protein expression did not change after differentiation without DHA, but was significantly increased on day 6 compared with day 0 with DHA addition. These data indicate that DHA is involved in brain functions by regulating CaMKII and nNOS protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kinari Suzuki
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hikari Sato
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Tomoko Tahira
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Naoki Ohara
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
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Miyazawa D, Lee Y, Tsuchiya M, Tahira T, Mizutani H, Ohara N. Docosahexaenoic Acid Increases Vesicular Glutamate Transporter 2 Protein Levels in Differentiated NG108-15 Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:1385-1388. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yeonjoo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University
| | | | | | | | - Naoki Ohara
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University
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3
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Miyazawa D. Potential mechanisms by which adeno-associated virus type 2 causes unexplained hepatitis in children. J Med Virol 2022; 94:5623-5624. [PMID: 35996061 PMCID: PMC9537973 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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4
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Nishikawa M, Ohara N, Naito Y, Saito Y, Amma C, Tatematsu K, Baoyindugurong J, Miyazawa D, Hashimoto Y, Okuyama H. Rapeseed (canola) oil aggravates metabolic syndrome-like conditions in male but not in female stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:256-268. [PMID: 35242585 PMCID: PMC8866840 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Canola oil shortens life of male SHRSP. Testis is the target of canola oil toxicity. Inhibition of negative regulation by testosterone of aldosterone production may be a trigger of canola oil toxicity. Facilitation of hypertension by aldosterone may lead to life-shortening. Increased plasma lipids by canola oil have no relevance to life-shortening.
This study was conducted to investigate whether or not there are sex differences in canola oil (CAN)-induced adverse events in the rat and to understand the involvement and the role of testosterone in those events, including life-shortening. Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) of both sexes were fed a diet containing 10 wt/wt% soybean oil (SOY, control) or CAN as the sole dietary fat. The survival of the males fed the CAN diet was significantly shorter than that of those fed the SOY diet. In contrast, the survival of the females was not affected by CAN. The males fed the CAN diet showed elevated blood pressure, thrombopenia and insulin-tolerance, which are major symptoms of metabolic syndrome, whereas such changes by the CAN diet were not found in the females. Plasma testosterone was significantly lower in animals of both sexes fed the CAN diet than in those fed the SOY diet, but interestingly, the lowered testosterone was accompanied by a marked increase in plasma aldosterone only in the males. These results demonstrate significant sex differences in CAN-toxicity and suggest that those sex differences may be attributable to the increased aldosterone level, which triggers aggravation of the genetic diseases specific to SHRSP, that is, metabolic syndrome-like conditions, but only in the males. The present results also suggest that testosterone may negatively regulate aldosterone production in the physiology of the males, and the inhibition of that negative regulation caused by the CAN diet is one of the possible causes of the adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Nishikawa
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 463-8521, Japan
| | - Naoki Ohara
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 463-8521, Japan
- Corresponding author.
| | - Yukiko Naito
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Saito
- Hatano Research Institute, Food and Drug Safety Center, 729-5 Ochiai, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-8523, Japan
| | - Chihiro Amma
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 463-8521, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Tatematsu
- Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 5-6-1 Mitabora, Gifu, Gifu 502-8585, Japan
| | - Jinhua Baoyindugurong
- Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Engineering, Zhaowuda Rd. 306, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, PR China
| | - Daisuke Miyazawa
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 463-8521, Japan
| | - Yoko Hashimoto
- School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8650, Japan
| | - Harumi Okuyama
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 463-8521, Japan
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Tsushima H, Yamada K, Miyazawa D, Ohkubo T, Michikawa M, Abe-Dohmae S. Comparison of the Physical Characteristics and Behavior in ABC Transporter A1, A7 or Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice with Lipid Transport Dysfunction. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:1851-1859. [PMID: 34853267 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The physical characteristics and behavior of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) A1, A7, and apolipoprotein (apo) E knockout (KO) mice with lipid transport dysfunction were investigated. These KO mice exhibited adequate growth, and their body masses increased steadily. No remarkable changes were observed in their blood pressure and heart rate. However, there was a slight increase in the heart rate of the ABCA7 KO mice compared with that of the wild-type (WT) mice. ABCA1 and apoE KO mice showed hypo- and hyper-cholesterol concentrations in the plasma, respectively. With regard to the cerebrum, however, the weight of the ABCA1 KO mice was lighter than those of the other genotypes. Furthermore, the cholesterol, triglyceride and phospholipid concentrations, and fatty acid composition were generally similar. Compared with the WT mice, ABCA1 KO mice stayed for a shorter time in the closed arm of the elevated plus maze, and performed worse in the initial stage of the Morris water maze. To thermal stimuli, the ABCA1 and apoE KO mice showed hyper- and hypo-sensitivities, respectively. Only the response of the ABCA1 KO mice was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with indomethacin. A low concentration of the prostaglandin E metabolites was detected in the plasma of the ABCA1 KO mice. Thus, ABCA1 is thought to play a specific role in the neural function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Tsushima
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University
| | - Kazuyo Yamada
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University
| | - Daisuke Miyazawa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University
| | - Takeshi Ohkubo
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Sendai Shirayuri Women's College
| | - Makoto Michikawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Sumiko Abe-Dohmae
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University
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Mizutani H, Shiga C, Imai M, Ikemura K, Kitamura Y, Ohta K, Miyazawa D, Sakanashi M, Tahira T, Maeda T, Hiraku Y, Kawanishi S. Idarubicin, an Anthracycline, Induces Oxidative DNA Damage in the Presence of Copper (II). Anticancer Res 2020; 40:5399-5404. [PMID: 32988859 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.14548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The aim of the present study was to investigate whether idarubicin (IDR) induces oxidative DNA damage in the presence of copper (II). MATERIALS AND METHODS DNA damage was evaluated by pBR322 plasmid DNA cleavage. The formation of oxidative stress markers [O2 •- and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)] was analysed. RESULTS IDR induced DNA damage and O2 •- and 8-OHdG generation in the presence of copper (II). CONCLUSION IDR induced oxidative DNA damage in the presence of copper (II). Since it has been reported that the concentration of copper in the serum of cancer patients is higher than that in healthy groups, IDR-induced oxidative DNA damage in the presence of copper (II) may play an important role in anticancer therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiaki Shiga
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masanori Imai
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenji Ikemura
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Japan
| | - Yuki Kitamura
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kinya Ohta
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | - Tomoko Tahira
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tohru Maeda
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hiraku
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Fukui School of Medical Sciences, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Shosuke Kawanishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
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Miyazawa D. Letter in response to article in journal of infection: "Clinical characteristics of 345 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Japan: A multicenter retrospective study". J Infect 2020; 82:e45. [PMID: 32998034 PMCID: PMC7521888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Miyazawa
- Miyazawa Clinic, 1-6-5 Akuraminami Takarazuka, Hyogo 665-0823, Japan.
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Miyazawa D, Kaneko G. Clinical trials of inhaled beclomethasone and mometasone for COVID-19 should be conducted. J Med Virol 2020; 93:637-638. [PMID: 32776550 PMCID: PMC7436531 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gen Kaneko
- School of Arts & Sciences, University of Houston-Victoria, Victoria, Texas
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9
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Miyazawa D. Why obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and ethnicities are common risk factors for COVID-19 and H1N1 influenza infections. J Med Virol 2020; 93:127-128. [PMID: 32579235 PMCID: PMC7362136 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Miyazawa D, Ohara N, Yamada K, Yasui Y, Kitamori K, Saito Y, Usumi K, Nagata T, Nonogaki T, Hashimoto Y, Miyashiro Y, Homma S, Okuyama H. Dietary soybean oil, canola oil and partially-hydrogenated soybean oil affect testicular tissue and steroid hormone levels differently in the miniature pig. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 135:110927. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Miyazawa D, Thanh LTH, Tani A, Shintani M, Loc NH, Hatta T, Kimbara K. Isolation and Characterization of Genes Responsible for Naphthalene Degradation from Thermophilic Naphthalene Degrader, Geobacillus sp. JF8. Microorganisms 2019; 8:microorganisms8010044. [PMID: 31878343 PMCID: PMC7023095 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Geobacillus sp. JF8 is a thermophilic biphenyl and naphthalene degrader. To identify the naphthalene degradation genes, cis-naphthalene dihydrodiol dehydrogenase was purified from naphthalene-grown cells, and its N-terminal amino acid sequence was determined. Using a DNA probe encoding the N-terminal region of the dehydrogenase, a 10-kb DNA fragment was isolated. Upstream of nahB, a gene for dehydrogenase, there were two open reading frames which were designated as nahAc and nahAd, respectively. The products of nahAc and nahAd were predicted to be alpha and beta subunit of ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of amino acid sequences of NahB indicated that it did not belong to the cis-dihydrodiol dehydrogenase group that includes those of classical naphthalene degradation pathways. Downstream of nahB, four open reading frames were found, and their products were predicted as meta-cleavage product hydrolase, monooxygenase, dehydrogenase, and gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase, respectively. A reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis showed that transcription of nahAcAd was induced by naphthalene. These findings indicate that we successfully identified genes involved in the upper pathway of naphthalene degradation from a thermophilic bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Miyazawa
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-1 Chuo, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan; (D.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Le Thi Ha Thanh
- Department of Environment and Energy System, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8011, Japan;
- Institute of Bioactive Compounds, University of Sciences, Hue University, Hue, Thua Thien Hue 530000, Vietnam;
| | - Akio Tani
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-1 Chuo, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan; (D.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Masaki Shintani
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (K.K.); Tel.: +81-53-478-1181 (M.S.); +81-53-478-1170 (K.K.)
| | - Nguyen Hoang Loc
- Institute of Bioactive Compounds, University of Sciences, Hue University, Hue, Thua Thien Hue 530000, Vietnam;
| | - Takashi Hatta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridai-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 703-8232, Japan;
| | - Kazuhide Kimbara
- Department of Environment and Energy System, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8011, Japan;
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (K.K.); Tel.: +81-53-478-1181 (M.S.); +81-53-478-1170 (K.K.)
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12
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Mizutani H, Hayashi Y, Hashimoto M, Imai M, Ichimaru Y, Kitamura Y, Ikemura K, Miyazawa D, Ohta K, Ikeda Y, Maeda T, Yoshikawa M, Hiraku Y, Kawanishi S. Oxidative DNA Damage and Apoptosis Induced by Aclarubicin, an Anthracycline: Role of Hydrogen Peroxide and Copper. Anticancer Res 2019; 39:3443-3451. [PMID: 31262868 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.13490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM This study aimed to investigate aclarubicin (ACR)-induced oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS ACR-induced apoptosis was analyzed using HL-60 leukemia cells and HP100 cells, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-resistant cells derived from HL-60 cells. ACR-induced DNA damage was analyzed using plasmid DNA. RESULTS HL-60 cells were more sensitive to ACR than HP100 cells. In HP100 cells, DNA ladder formation and caspase-3/7 activity induced by ACR were suppressed or delayed in comparison to those in HL-60 cells. ACR-induced DNA damage occurred in the presence of Cu(II), and scavenger experiments showed that the reactive species causing DNA damage appeared to be generated from H2O2 and Cu(I). Moreover, we detected intracellular Cu(I) induced by ACR in HL-60 cells, using CopperGREEN™, a fluorescent probe for detection of Cu(I) ion specifically. CONCLUSION ACR-induced DNA damage and apoptosis can be accounted for by the involvement of H2O2 and Cu(I).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuka Hayashi
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Masanori Imai
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Yuki Kitamura
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenji Ikemura
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan
| | | | - Kinya Ohta
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Ikeda
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tohru Maeda
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Yusuke Hiraku
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Fukui School of Medical Sciences, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Shosuke Kawanishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
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13
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Mizutani H, Nishimoto A, Hotta S, Ikemura K, Imai M, Miyazawa D, Ohta K, Ikeda Y, Maeda T, Yoshikawa M, Hiraku Y, Kawanishi S. Oxidative DNA Damage Induced by Pirarubicin, an Anthracycline Anticancer Agent, in the Presence of Copper(II). Anticancer Res 2018; 38:2643-2648. [PMID: 29715084 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.12506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM One mechanism of the anticancer action of anthracyclines is believed to be oxidative DNA damage. Previously, we reported that doxorubicin induced oxidative DNA damage in the presence of Cu(II). However, the mechanism of pirarubicin-induced oxidative DNA damage has not been well clarified. MATERIALS AND METHODS DNA damage by pirarubicin in the presence of Cu(II) was analyzed using pBR322 plasmid DNA. O2•- derived from pirarubicin in the presence of Cu(II) was detected by cytochrome c reduction. RESULTS Pirarubicin induced DNA damage in the presence of Cu(II). Scavenger experiments suggest that reactive species are generated from H2O2 and Cu(I). Pirarubicin induced O2•- production in the presence of Cu(II). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that pirarubicin plus Cu(II) induces oxidative DNA damage in a similar manner to doxorubicin, and Cu(II)-mediated oxidative DNA damage may serve as a common mechanism for antitumor effects of anthracyclines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Saki Hotta
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenji Ikemura
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan
| | - Masanori Imai
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Kinya Ohta
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Ikeda
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tohru Maeda
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Yusuke Hiraku
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Shosuke Kawanishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
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14
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Mizutani H, Hotta S, Nishimoto A, Ikemura K, Miyazawa D, Ikeda Y, Maeda T, Yoshikawa M, Hiraku Y, Kawanishi S. Pirarubicin, an Anthracycline Anticancer Agent, Induces Apoptosis Through Generation of Hydrogen Peroxide. Anticancer Res 2017; 37:6063-6069. [PMID: 29061786 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.12054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Pirarubicin (THP) has shown equal or superior cytotoxicity compared to doxorubicin. One of the main anticancer actions of doxorubicin is believed to be involved in ROS (reactive oxygen species) generation. Therefore, the anticancer mechanisms of THP may involve ROS generation. The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanisms of THP-induced apoptosis through ROS generation. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed the apoptotic events induced by THP in HL-60 cells and HP100 cells, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-resistant cells derived from HL-60. RESULTS The apparent cytotoxicity could be detected at above 0.1 μM in HL-60 cells after 24-h incubation, whereas it was suppressed under these conditions in HP100 cells. In HP100 cells, THP-induced apoptosis, evaluated by DNA ladder formation, H2O2 generation, mitochondrial membrane potential decrease and caspase-3/7 activity, was suppressed or delayed compared to those of HL-60 cells. CONCLUSION These findings can be explained by the involvement of H2O2 generation in the THP apoptotic pathway. This is the first report on THP-induced apoptosis through the H2O2 generation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saki Hotta
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Kenji Ikemura
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan
| | | | - Yoshiaki Ikeda
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tohru Maeda
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Yusuke Hiraku
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Shosuke Kawanishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
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15
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Tsushima H, Yamada K, Miyazawa D, Mori M, Hashimoto Y, Ohkubo T, Hibino H, Okuyama H. Long-term High-Soybean Oil Feeding Alters Regulation of Body Temperature in Rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2014; 37:1003-13. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b13-00977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Tsushima
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Kinjo Gakuin University College of Pharmacy
| | - Kazuyo Yamada
- Open Research Center, Kinjo Gakuin University College of Pharmacy
| | - Daisuke Miyazawa
- Open Research Center, Kinjo Gakuin University College of Pharmacy
| | - Mayumi Mori
- Department of Pharmacology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science
| | - Yoko Hashimoto
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University
| | | | | | - Harumi Okuyama
- Open Research Center, Kinjo Gakuin University College of Pharmacy
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Goshima S, Kanematsu M, Nishibori H, Miyazawa D, Kondo H, Moriyama N, Bae KT. Image quality and radiation exposure in CT of the pancreas: 320-MDCT with and without adaptive iterative dose reduction versus 64-MDCT. Clin Radiol 2013; 68:e593-600. [PMID: 23916551 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2013.05.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the image quality and radiation exposure in computed tomography (CT) of the pancreas acquired using 320-multidetector (MD)CT versus 64-MDCT and to demonstrate the effects of adaptive iterative dose reduction (AIDR) on 320-MDCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and fifty patients were randomized into three groups including 320-section volume imaging using AIDR (group A), 320-slice volume scan without AIDR (group B), and 64-section helical imaging without AIDR (group C). Transaxial arterial, pancreatic phase, and volume-rendered CT angiographic images were reconstructed. CT radiodensity of the abdominal aorta, pancreas, signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), dose-length products (DLPs; mGy cm), and image quality were measured. RESULTS No significant difference in CT radiodensity of the abdominal aorta or pancreas was noted between groups. Mean DLPs were 600.9 ± 145.8, 681.6 ± 97.5, and 1231.5 ± 271.4 in groups A, B, and C, respectively. The DLP was reduced by 51% in group A and 45% in group B compared to group C (p < 0.001). SNRs of the pancreas during the pancreatic phase were comparable between groups A and C, but were significantly lower in group B (p < 0.001). Image quality, including the depiction of some small arterial branches on the arterial and CT angiographic images and the main pancreatic duct on the pancreatic-phase images, were significantly lower in group B than in groups A and C (p = 0.008-0.038). CONCLUSION Radiation dose can be markedly reduced for contrast-enhanced CT imaging of the pancreas without compromising image quality using a 320-MDCT with AIDR, compared with 64-section helical CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Goshima
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan.
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Hashimoto Y, Yamada K, Tsushima H, Miyazawa D, Mori M, Nishio K, Ohkubo T, Hibino H, Ohara N, Okuyama H. Three dissimilar high fat diets differentially regulate lipid and glucose metabolism in obesity-resistant Slc:Wistar/ST rats. Lipids 2013; 48:803-15. [PMID: 23807365 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-013-3805-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiologic and ecologic studies suggest that dietary fat plays an important role in the development of obesity. Certain Wistar rat strains do not become obese when fed high-fat diets unlike others. In a preliminary study, we confirmed that Slc:Wistar/ST rats did not become obese when fed high-fat diets. The mechanisms governing the response of hepatic lipid-metabolizing enzymes to large quantities of dietary lipids consumed by obesity-resistant animals are unknown. The aim of the present study is to examine how obesity-resistant animals metabolize various types of high-fat diets and why they do not become obese. For this purpose, male Slc:Wistar/ST rats were fed a control low-fat diet (LS) or a high-fat diet containing fish oil (HF), soybean oil (HS), or lard (HL) for 4 weeks. We observed their phenotypes and determined lipid profiles in plasma and liver as well as mRNA expression levels in liver of genes related to lipid and glucose metabolism using DNA microarray and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain analyses. The body weights of all dietary groups were similar due to isocaloric intakes, whereas the weight of white adipose tissues in the LS group was significantly lower. The HF diet lowered plasma lipid levels by accelerated lipolysis in the peroxisomes and suppressed levels of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) secretion. The HS diet promoted hepatic lipid accumulation by suppressed lipolysis in the peroxisomes and normal levels of VLDL secretion. The lipid profiles of rats fed the LS or HL diet were similar. The HL diet accelerated lipid and glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Hashimoto
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan.
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Yasui Y, Miyazawa D, Ueda H, Sato K, Kitade Y, Yamada K. PMA-induced GCMa phosphorylation stimulates its transcriptional activity and degradation. Biomed Res 2012; 33:217-24. [PMID: 22975632 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.33.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Glial cells missing Drosophila homolog a (GCMa) is a member of the GCM transcription factor family and plays critical roles in trophoblast differentiation and placental functions. It is well established that the cyclic AMP (cAMP)-dependent pathway induces the expression and transcriptional activity of GCMa by regulating post-translational modifications of GCMa, which results in enhancement of trophoblast differentiation. We previously observed that phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulates phosphorylation of GCMa on serines 328, 378 and 383 through the protein kinase C (PKC)- and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signalregulated kinase (ERK)-dependent pathway, which decreases the protein stability of GCMa. Here we report that PMA increases the ubiquitination level of GCMa, dependent on the phosphorylation of GCMa on serines 328, 378 and 383. We found that this phosphorylation also stimulates the transcriptional activity of GCMa. Our data indicate that the PMA-induced PKC- and MEK/ERKdependent pathway enhances the degradation as well as the transcriptional activity of GCMa. We also examined the impact of this signaling pathway on trophoblasts and the results suggest that the PKC- and MEK/ERK-dependent pathway is involved in the regulation of trophoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Yasui
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
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Miyazawa D, Yasui Y, Yamada K, Ohara N, Okuyama H. Biochemical responses to dietary α-linolenic acid restriction proceed differently among brain regions in mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 32:237-45. [PMID: 21878731 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.32.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we noted that the dietary restriction of α-linolenic acid (ALA, n-3) for 4 weeks after weaning brought about significant decreases in the BDNF content and p38 MAPK activity in the striatum of mice, but not in the other regions of the brain, compared with an ALA- and linoleic acid (LNA, n-6)-adequate diet. In this study, we examined whether a prolonged dietary manipulation induces biochemical changes in other regions of the brain as well. Mice were fed a safflower oil (SAF) diet (ALA-restricted, LNA-adequate) or a perilla oil (PER) diet (containing adequate amounts of ALA and LNA) for 8 weeks from weaning. The docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) contents and p38 MAPK activities in the cerebral cortex, striatum and hippocampus were significantly lower in the SAF group. The BDNF contents and protein kinase C (PKC) activities in the cerebral cortex as well as in the striatum, but not in the hippocampus, were significantly lower in the SAF group. These data indicate that the biochemical changes induced by the dietary restriction of ALA have a time lag in the striatum and cortex, suggesting that the signal is transmitted through decreased p38 MAPK activity and BDNF content and ultimately decreased PKC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Miyazawa
- Kinjo Gakuin University College of Pharmacy, Open Research Center for Lipid Nutrition, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyamaku, Nagoya 463-8521, Japan.
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Yasui Y, Yamada K, Takahashi S, Sugiura-Ogasawara M, Sato K, Miyazawa D, Sugiyama T, Kitade Y, Ueda H. PMA induces GCMa phosphorylation and alters its stability via the PKC- and ERK-dependent pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 417:1127-32. [PMID: 22206674 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The glial cells missing a (GCMa) transcription factor plays a pivotal role in the placental development by regulating the expression of several genes in the placenta that are responsible for the proper formation of the syncytiotrophoblast. It is well known that the function of GCMa is regulated at both transcriptional and post-translational levels by the cyclic AMP (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent pathway, the activation of which increases the GCMa protein level and leads to trophoblast differentiation into the syncytiotrophoblast. However, little is known about the regulatory control of GCMa by PKC-dependent signaling mechanism(s). To investigate whether GCMa is regulated by PKC-dependent pathway, we treated the human choriocarcinoma JEG-3 cells with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and studied its effect on the GCMa protein using a monoclonal anti-GCMa antibody we prepared. PMA caused a transient decrease in the endogenous GCMa protein level in JEG-3 cells that was accompanied by an increase in GCMa phosphorylation. The phosphorylation and degradation of GCMa by PMA treatment was effectively reduced by pretreatment with protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors and a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase (MEK) inhibitor, indicating a PKC- and MEK-dependent mechanism. Furthermore, we identified the serine residues 328, 378 and 383 to be the phosphorylation sites on GCMa that are involved in the PMA-induced degradation of GCMa. Our data demonstrate for the first time that GCMa is phosphorylated by the PKC- and MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-dependent mechanism, and that this phosphorylation is involved in its degradation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Yasui
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
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21
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Kitamori K, Naito H, Tamada H, Kobayashi M, Miyazawa D, Yasui Y, Sonoda K, Tsuchikura S, Yasui N, Ikeda K, Moriya T, Yamori Y, Nakajima T. Development of novel rat model for high-fat and high-cholesterol diet-induced steatohepatitis and severe fibrosis progression in SHRSP5/Dmcr. Environ Health Prev Med 2011; 17:173-82. [PMID: 21853259 DOI: 10.1007/s12199-011-0235-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Accepted: 07/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are increasing worldwide, and preventive measures are an urgent need and primary concern today. AIM This study aimed to develop and clarify the usefulness of the SHRSP5/Dmcr rat, derived from a stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat, as a novel animal model for time-course analysis of steatohepatitis and the severe fibrosis progression often observed in the disease. METHODS Ten-week-old male SHRSP5/Dmcr rats were divided into six groups: half were fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol-containing diet (HFC diet), and the others the control, stroke-prone (SP) diet for 2, 8, and 14 weeks. RESULTS The HFC diet significantly increased serum transaminase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase activities, tumor necrosis factor alpha levels, and serum and hepatic total cholesterol levels over time. In contrast, this diet decreased serum albumin, glucose, and adiponectin levels throughout or the later stage of the feeding period, but did not influence serum insulin levels. Histopathologically, the HFC diet increased microvesicular steatosis, and focal or spotty necrosis with lymphocyte infiltrations were observed in the liver at 2 weeks, macrovesicular steatosis, ballooned hepatocytes with Mallory-Denk body formation in some, and multilobular necrosis and fibrosis at 8 weeks. Interestingly, this fibrosis formed a honeycomb network at 14 weeks. These changes are very similar to those observed in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. CONCLUSIONS SHRSP5/Dmcr rats appear to be a useful model for analyzing the time-dependent changes of HFC diet-induced steatohepatitis and fibrosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Kitamori
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
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22
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Goshima S, Kanematsu M, Nishibori H, Sakurai K, Miyazawa D, Watanabe H, Kondo H, Shiratori Y, Onozuka M, Moriyama N, Bae KT. CT of the Pancreas: Comparison of Anatomic Structure Depiction, Image Quality, and Radiation Exposure between 320-Detector Volumetric Images and 64-Detector Helical Images. Radiology 2011; 260:139-47. [DOI: 10.1148/radiol.11101459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Okuyama H, Ohara N, Tatematsu K, Fuma S, Nonogaki T, Yamada K, Ichikawa Y, Miyazawa D, Yasui Y, Honma S. Testosterone-lowering activity of canola and hydrogenated soybean oil in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat. J Toxicol Sci 2011; 35:743-7. [PMID: 20930468 DOI: 10.2131/jts.35.743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Canola and some other types of oil unusually shorten the survival of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP), compared with soybean oil, perilla oil and animal fats. Since differential effects of canola and soybean oil on steroid hormone metabolism were suggested by a preliminary DNA microarray analysis as a reason for this, the steroid hormone levels in the serum and tissues of SHRSP fed different oils were investigated. The testosterone levels in the serum and the testes were found to be significantly lower in the canola oil group than in the soybean oil group, while no significant differences were detected in the corticosterone and estradiol levels in tissues. In a second experiment, it was found that hydrogenated soybean oil, with a survival-shortening activity comparable to that of canola oil, also decreased the testosterone level in testes to a similar degree. The testosterone-lowering activity of canola and hydrogenated soybean oil observed in SHRSP was considered in relation to other factors possibly affecting the physiology of SHRSP.
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Miyazawa D, Yasui Y, Yamada K, Ohara N, Okuyama H. Regional differences of the mouse brain in response to an α-linolenic acid-restricted diet: Neurotrophin content and protein kinase activity. Life Sci 2010; 87:490-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2010.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2010] [Revised: 08/11/2010] [Accepted: 09/01/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Kitamura K, Iwanami A, Nakamura M, Yamane J, Watanabe K, Suzuki Y, Miyazawa D, Shibata S, Funakoshi H, Miyatake S, Coffin RS, Nakamura T, Toyama Y, Okano H. Hepatocyte growth factor promotes endogenous repair and functional recovery after spinal cord injury. J Neurosci Res 2007; 85:2332-42. [PMID: 17549731 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.21372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Many therapeutic interventions using neurotrophic factors or pharmacological agents have focused on secondary degeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI) to reduce damaged areas and promote axonal regeneration and functional recovery. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which was identified as a potent mitogen for mature hepatocytes and a mediator of inflammatory responses to tissue injury, has recently been highlighted as a potent neurotrophic and angiogenic factor in the central nervous system (CNS). In the present study, we revealed that the extent of endogenous HGF up-regulation was less than that of c-Met, an HGF receptor, during the acute phase of SCI and administered exogenous HGF into injured spinal cord using a replication-incompetent herpes simplex virous-1 (HSV-1) vector to determine whether HGF exerts beneficial effects and promotes functional recovery after SCI. This treatment resulted in the significant promotion of neuron and oligodendrocyte survival, angiogenesis, axonal regrowth, and functional recovery after SCI. These results suggest that HGF gene delivery to the injured spinal cord exerts multiple beneficial effects and enhances endogenous repair after SCI. This is the first study to demonstrate the efficacy of HGF for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Kitamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
Healthy ageing is gaining attention in the lipid nutrition field. As in vivo biomarkers of healthy ageing, we have evaluated the survival, learning/memory performance, and physical potencies in rodents fed a diet supplemented with high-linoleic acid (LNA, omega6) safflower oil or high-alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, omega3) perilla oil for long periods. The results suggested that perilla oil with a low omega6/omega3 ratio is beneficial for healthy ageing. In order to address this issue further, we determined the survival of stroke-prone SHR (SHRSP) rats fed a conventional rodent diet supplemented with 10% fat or oil. Survival was longer with omega3-rich oils compared with omega6-rich oils. However, some kinds of vegetable oils and hydrogenated oils shortened the survival of SHRSP rats to an unusual degree (ca. 40% compared with that of omega6-rich oil) that could not be accounted for by the fatty acid and phytosterol composition of the oils. The observed decrease in platelet counts was associated with pathological changes in the kidney and other organs. Dihydro-vitamin K1 is proposed as a likely candidate as a stroke-stimulating factor in hydrogenated oils. Thus, factors other than fatty acids (omega6/omega3 balance) and phytosterols must be taken into account when fats and oils are evaluated in relation to healthy ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harumi Okuyama
- Laboratory of Preventive Nutraceutical Sciences, Kinjo Gakuin University College of Pharmacy, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyamaku, Nagoya, 463-8521, Japan.
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Furuyama F, Ikemoto A, Miyazawa D, Yamamoto A, Nishino H. Serum phospholipids and glucose level in rats with tolerance to heat stress. Neurosci Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2007.06.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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McLeod MP, Warren RL, Hsiao WWL, Araki N, Myhre M, Fernandes C, Miyazawa D, Wong W, Lillquist AL, Wang D, Dosanjh M, Hara H, Petrescu A, Morin RD, Yang G, Stott JM, Schein JE, Shin H, Smailus D, Siddiqui AS, Marra MA, Jones SJM, Holt R, Brinkman FSL, Miyauchi K, Fukuda M, Davies JE, Mohn WW, Eltis LD. The complete genome of Rhodococcus sp. RHA1 provides insights into a catabolic powerhouse. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:15582-7. [PMID: 17030794 PMCID: PMC1622865 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0607048103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 431] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhodococcus sp. RHA1 (RHA1) is a potent polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading soil actinomycete that catabolizes a wide range of compounds and represents a genus of considerable industrial interest. RHA1 has one of the largest bacterial genomes sequenced to date, comprising 9,702,737 bp (67% G+C) arranged in a linear chromosome and three linear plasmids. A targeted insertion methodology was developed to determine the telomeric sequences. RHA1's 9,145 predicted protein-encoding genes are exceptionally rich in oxygenases (203) and ligases (192). Many of the oxygenases occur in the numerous pathways predicted to degrade aromatic compounds (30) or steroids (4). RHA1 also contains 24 nonribosomal peptide synthase genes, six of which exceed 25 kbp, and seven polyketide synthase genes, providing evidence that rhodococci harbor an extensive secondary metabolism. Among sequenced genomes, RHA1 is most similar to those of nocardial and mycobacterial strains. The genome contains few recent gene duplications. Moreover, three different analyses indicate that RHA1 has acquired fewer genes by recent horizontal transfer than most bacteria characterized to date and far fewer than Burkholderia xenovorans LB400, whose genome size and catabolic versatility rival those of RHA1. RHA1 and LB400 thus appear to demonstrate that ecologically similar bacteria can evolve large genomes by different means. Overall, RHA1 appears to have evolved to simultaneously catabolize a diverse range of plant-derived compounds in an O(2)-rich environment. In addition to establishing RHA1 as an important model for studying actinomycete physiology, this study provides critical insights that facilitate the exploitation of these industrially important microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. McLeod
- *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - René L. Warren
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1L3
| | - William W. L. Hsiao
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada V5A 1S6; and
| | - Naoto Araki
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka 940-2118, Japan
| | - Matthew Myhre
- *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Clinton Fernandes
- *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Daisuke Miyazawa
- *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Wendy Wong
- *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Anita L. Lillquist
- *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Dennis Wang
- *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Manisha Dosanjh
- *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Hirofumi Hara
- *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Anca Petrescu
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1L3
| | - Ryan D. Morin
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1L3
| | - George Yang
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1L3
| | - Jeff M. Stott
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1L3
| | | | - Heesun Shin
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1L3
| | - Duane Smailus
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1L3
| | - Asim S. Siddiqui
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1L3
| | - Marco A. Marra
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1L3
| | | | - Robert Holt
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1L3
| | - Fiona S. L. Brinkman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada V5A 1S6; and
| | - Keisuke Miyauchi
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka 940-2118, Japan
| | - Masao Fukuda
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka 940-2118, Japan
| | - Julian E. Davies
- *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - William W. Mohn
- *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Lindsay D. Eltis
- *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Gonçalves ER, Hara H, Miyazawa D, Davies JE, Eltis LD, Mohn WW. Transcriptomic assessment of isozymes in the biphenyl pathway of Rhodococcus sp. strain RHA1. Appl Environ Microbiol 2006; 72:6183-93. [PMID: 16957245 PMCID: PMC1563596 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00947-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2006] [Accepted: 06/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhodococcus sp. RHA1 grows on a broad range of aromatic compounds and vigorously degrades polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Previous work identified RHA1 genes encoding multiple isozymes for most of the seven steps of the biphenyl (BPH) pathway, provided evidence for coexpression of some of these isozymes, and indicated the involvement of some of these enzymes in the degradation of BPH, ethylbenzene (ETB), and PCBs. To investigate the expression of these isozymes and better understand how they contribute to the robust degradative capacity of RHA1, we comprehensively analyzed the 9.7-Mb genome of RHA1 for BPH pathway genes and characterized the transcriptome of RHA1 growing on benzoate (BEN), BPH, and ETB. Sequence analyses revealed 54 potential BPH pathway genes, including 28 not previously reported. Transcriptomic analysis with a DNA microarray containing 70-mer probes for 8,213 RHA1 genes revealed a suite of 320 genes of diverse functions that were upregulated during growth both on BPH and on ETB, relative to growth on the control substrate, pyruvate. By contrast, only 65 genes were upregulated during growth on BEN. Quantitative PCR assays confirmed microarray results for selected genes and indicated that some of the catabolic genes were upregulated over 10,000-fold. Our analysis suggests that up to 22 enzymes, including 8 newly identified ones, may function in the BPH pathway of RHA1. The relative expression levels of catabolic genes did not differ for BPH and ETB, suggesting a common regulatory mechanism. This study delineated a suite of catabolic enzymes for biphenyl and alkyl-benzenes in RHA1, which is larger than previously recognized and which may serve as a model for catabolism in other environmentally important bacteria having large genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmilson R Gonçalves
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 1516-2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
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Zhao MZ, Nonoguchi N, Ikeda N, Watanabe T, Furutama D, Miyazawa D, Funakoshi H, Kajimoto Y, Nakamura T, Dezawa M, Shibata MA, Otsuki Y, Coffin RS, Liu WD, Kuroiwa T, Miyatake SI. Novel therapeutic strategy for stroke in rats by bone marrow stromal cells and ex vivo HGF gene transfer with HSV-1 vector. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2006; 26:1176-88. [PMID: 16421510 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Occlusive cerebrovascular disease leads to brain ischemia that causes neurological deficits. Here we introduce a new strategy combining mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and ex vivo hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) gene transferring with a multimutated herpes simplex virus type-1 vector in a rat transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. Gene-transferred MSCs were intracerebrally transplanted into the rats' ischemic brains at 2 h (superacute) or 24 h (acute) after MCAO. Behavioral tests showed significant improvement of neurological deficits in the HGF-transferred MSCs (MSC-HGF)-treated group compared with the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated and MSCs-only-treated group. The significant difference of infarction areas on day 3 was detected only between the MSC-HGF group and the PBS group with the superacute treatment, but was detected among each group on day 14 with both transplantations. After the superacute transplantation, we detected abundant expression of HGF protein in the ischemic brain of the MSC-HGF group compared with others on day 1 after treatment, and it was maintained for at least 2 weeks. Furthermore, we determined that the increased expression of HGF was derived from the transferred HGF gene in gene-modified MSCs. The percentage of apoptosis-positive cells in the ischemic boundary zone (IBZ) was significantly decreased, while that of remaining neurons in the cortex of the IBZ was significantly increased in the MSC-HGF group compared with others. The present study shows that combined therapy is more therapeutically efficient than MSC cell therapy alone, and it may extend the therapeutic time window from superacute to acute phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhu Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
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Hayashi Y, Kawazoe Y, Sakamoto T, Ojima M, Wang W, Takazawa T, Miyazawa D, Ohya W, Funakoshi H, Nakamura T, Watabe K. Adenoviral gene transfer of hepatocyte growth factor prevents death of injured adult motoneurons after peripheral nerve avulsion. Brain Res 2006; 1111:187-95. [PMID: 16884699 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.06.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2006] [Revised: 06/26/2006] [Accepted: 06/27/2006] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) exhibits strong neurotrophic activities on motoneurons both in vitro and in vivo. We examined survival-promoting effects of an adenoviral vector encoding human HGF (AxCAhHGF) on injured adult rat motoneurons after peripheral nerve avulsion. The production of HGF in COS1 cells infected with AxCAhHGF and its bioactivity were confirmed by ELISA, Western blot and Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell scatter assay. The facial nerve or the seventh cervical segment (C7) ventral and dorsal roots of 3-month-old Fischer 344 male rats were then avulsed and removed from the stylomastoid or vertebral foramen, respectively, and AxCAhHGF, AxCALacZ (adenovirus encoding beta-galactosidase gene) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was inoculated in the lesioned foramen. Treatment with AxCAhHGF after avulsion significantly prevented the loss of injured facial and C7 ventral motoneurons as compared to AxCALacZ or PBS treatment and ameliorated choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity in these neurons. These results indicate that HGF may prevent the degeneration of motoneurons in adult humans with motoneuron injury and motor neuron diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Hayashi
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Organization for Medical Research, 2-6 Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8526, Japan
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Mukerjee-Dhar G, Shimura M, Miyazawa D, Kimbara K, Hatta T. bph genes of the thermophilic PCB degrader, Bacillus sp. JF8: characterization of the divergent ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase and hydrolase genes upstream of the Mn-dependent BphC. Microbiology (Reading) 2005; 151:4139-4151. [PMID: 16339959 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.28437-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillussp. JF8 is a thermophilic polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) degrader, which utilizes biphenyl and naphthalene. A thermostable, Mn-dependent 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenase, BphC_JF8, has been characterized previously. Upstream ofbphCare five ORFs exhibiting low homology with, and a different gene order from, previously characterizedbphgenes. From the 5′ to 3′ direction the genes are: a putative regulatory gene (bphR), a hydrolase (bphD), the large and small subunits of a ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase(bphA1A2), and acis-diol dehydrogenase (bphB). Hybridization studies indicate that the genes are located on a plasmid. Ring-hydroxylating activity of recombinant BphA1A2_JF8 towards biphenyl, PCB, naphthalene and benzene was observed inEscherichia colicells, with complementation of non-specific ferredoxin and ferredoxin reductase by host cell proteins. PCB degradation by recombinant BphA1A2_JF8 showed that the congener specificity of the recombinant enzyme was similar toBacillussp. JF8. BphD_JF8, with an optimum temperature of 85 °C, exhibited a narrow substrate preference for 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2,4-dienoic acid. The Arrhenius plot of BphD_JF8 was biphasic, with two characteristic energies of activation and a break point at 47 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouri Mukerjee-Dhar
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Railway Technical Research Institute, Kokubunji, Tokyo 185-8540, Japan
| | - Minoru Shimura
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Railway Technical Research Institute, Kokubunji, Tokyo 185-8540, Japan
| | - Daisuke Miyazawa
- Department of Built Environment, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Kimbara
- Department of Built Environment, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Railway Technical Research Institute, Kokubunji, Tokyo 185-8540, Japan
| | - Takashi Hatta
- Research Institute of Technology, Okayama University of Science, Okayama 703-8232, Japan
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Miyazawa D, Mukerjee-Dhar G, Shimura M, Hatta T, Kimbara K. Genes for Mn(II)-dependent NahC and Fe(II)-dependent NahH located in close proximity in the thermophilic naphthalene and PCB degrader, Bacillus sp. JF8: cloning and characterization. Microbiology (Reading) 2004; 150:993-1004. [PMID: 15073308 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.26858-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A 10 kb DNA fragment was isolated using a DNA probe derived from the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the extradiol dioxygenase purified from naphthalene-grownBacillussp. JF8, a thermophilic naphthalene and polychlorinated biphenyl degrader. The cloned DNA fragment had six open reading frames, designatednahHLOMmocBnahCbased on sequence homology, of which the products NahH_JF8 and NahC_JF8 were extradiol dioxygenases. Although NahC_JF8 and NahH_JF8 exhibit low homology to known extradiol dioxygenases, the active-site residues and metal ion ligands are conserved. The presence of Mn(II) in culture medium was found to be essential for production of active recombinant NahC_JF8, while Fe(II) was necessary for active recombinant NahH_JF8. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis of active NahC_JF8 identified the cofactor to be manganese, indicating a Mn(II)-dependent extradiol dioxygenase. NahC_JF8 exhibitedKmvalues of 32±5 μM for 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene and 510±90 μM for 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl at 60 °C. In cell-free extracts, NahH_JF8 exhibited a broad substrate range for 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl, catechol, and 3- and 4-methylcatechol at 25 °C. Stability studies on the Mn(II)-dependent NahC_JF8 indicated that it was thermostable, retaining 50 % activity after incubation at 80 °C for 20 min, and it exhibited resistance to EDTA and H2O2. Northern hybridization studies clarified that both NahC_JF8 and NahH_JF8 were induced by naphthalene; RT-PCR showed thatnahHLOMmocBnahCis expressed as a single transcript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Miyazawa
- Department of Built Environment, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Gouri Mukerjee-Dhar
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Railway Technical Research Institute, 2-8-38, Hikari-cho, Kokubunji, Tokyo 185-8540, Japan
| | - Minoru Shimura
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Railway Technical Research Institute, 2-8-38, Hikari-cho, Kokubunji, Tokyo 185-8540, Japan
| | - Takashi Hatta
- Research Institute of Technology, Okayama University of Science, Okayama 703-8232, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Kimbara
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Railway Technical Research Institute, 2-8-38, Hikari-cho, Kokubunji, Tokyo 185-8540, Japan
- Department of Built Environment, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
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Furuyama F, Murakami M, Tanaka E, Hida H, Miyazawa D, Oiwa T, Isobe Y, Nishino H. Regulation mode of evaporative cooling underlying a strategy of the heat-tolerant FOK rat for enduring ambient heat. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2003; 285:R1439-45. [PMID: 12969873 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00198.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Compared with other rat strains, the inbred FOK rat is extremely heat tolerant. This increased heat tolerance is due largely to the animal's enhanced saliva spreading abilities. The aims of the present study were to 1) quantify the heat tolerance capacity of FOK rats and 2) determine the regulatory mode of the enhanced salivary cooling in these animals. Various strains of rats were acutely exposed to heat. In the heat-intolerant strains, saliva spreading was insufficient and the core temperature (Tc) rose rapidly. In contrast, FOK rats maintained an elevated Tc plateau (39.5 +/- 0.7 degrees C) for 5-6 h over a wide range of ambient temperatures (Ta) (37.5-42.5 degrees C). In hot environments the FOK rats secreted copious amounts of saliva and spread it over more than the entire ventral body surface. FOK rats had a low Tc threshold for salivation, and the salivation rate increased linearly in proportion to the Tc deviation from the threshold. No strain difference or temperature effect was observed in the saliva secretion rate from in vitro submandibular glands perfused by sufficient doses of ACh. These results suggest that 1) the ability of FOK rats to maintain a moderate steady-state hyperthermia (39.5 +/- 0.7 degrees C) over a wide Ta range is enabled by a lowered threshold Tc for salivation and functional negative-feedback control of saliva secretion and 2) strain differences in ability to endure heat stress are mainly attributable to changes in the thermoregulatory control system rather than altered secretory abilities of the salivary glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujiya Furuyama
- Department of Neurophysiology and Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Mizuho, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
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Miyazawa D, Ikemoto A, Fujii Y, Okuyama H. Dietary alpha-linolenic acid suppresses the formation of lysophosphatidic acid, a lipid mediator, in rat platelets compared with linoleic acid. Life Sci 2003; 73:2083-90. [PMID: 12899931 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(03)00564-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Rats fed a high linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6) diet or a high alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) diet for 4 months after weaning. Platelets from the high-LA group contained more arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n-6) and less eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) compared with those from the high-ALA group. Incorporation of [32P]orthophosphate into platelet phospholipids was increased by thrombin-treatment, and was greater by ca. 30% in the high-LA group than in the high-ALA group both in the presence and absence of thrombin. The formation of [32P]lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a lipid messenger, in [32P]orthophosphate-labeled platelets was increased 6.6-fold in the high-LA group and 4.1-fold in the high-ALA-group by thrombin-treatment. The formation of [32P] LPA in activated platelets was reduced by 35% in the high-ALA group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Miyazawa
- Department of Preventive Nutraceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabedori, Mizuhoku, 467-8603 Nagoya, Japan
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Miyazawa D, Ikemoto A, Fujii Y, Okuyama H. Partial purification and characterization of phosphatidic acid-specific phospholipase A(1) in porcine platelet membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta 2003; 1631:17-25. [PMID: 12573445 DOI: 10.1016/s1388-1981(02)00319-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We have shown previously that the phospholipase A (PLA) activity specific for phosphatidic acid (PA) in porcine platelet membranes is of the A(1) type (PA-PLA(1)) [J. Biol. Chem. 259 (1984) 5083]. In the present study, the PA-PLA(1) was solubilized in Triton X-100 from membranes pre-treated with 1 M NaCl, and purified 280-fold from platelet homogenates by sequential chromatography on blue-Toyopearl, red-Toyopearl, DEAE-Toyopearl, green-agarose, brown-agarose, polylysine-agarose, palmitoyl-CoA-agarose and blue-5PW columns. In the presence of 0.1% Triton X-100 in the assay mixture, the partially purified enzyme hydrolyzed the acyl group from the sn-1 position of PA independently of Ca(2+) and was highly specific for PA; phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylserine (PS), and phosphatidylinositol (PI) were poor substrates. The enzyme exhibited lysophospholipase activity for l-acyl-lysoPA at 7% of the activity for PA hydrolysis but no lipase activity was observed for triacylglycerol (TG) and diacylglycerol (DG). At 0.025% Triton X-100, the enzyme exhibited the highest activity, and PA was the best substrate, but PE was also hydrolyzed substantially. The partially purified PA-PLA(1) in porcine platelet membranes was shown to be different from previously purified and cloned phospholipases and lipases by comparing the sensitivities to a reducing agent, a serine-esterase inhibitor, a PLA(2) inhibitor, a Ca(2+)-independent phospholipase A(2) inhibitor, and a DG lipase inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Miyazawa
- Department of Preventive Nutraceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabedori, Mizuhoku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
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Sano R, Kurokawa T, Kurimoto Y, Miyazawa D, Yoshimura N. [Comparison between the anterior chamber configuration in the supine position and that in the prone position in patients with narrow angle]. Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi 2001; 105:388-93. [PMID: 11449688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether the anterior chamber configuration of patients with narrow angle is changed in the prone position. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 16 eyes of 16 patients whose anterior chamber angle was classified as Shaffer 2 or narrower. The prone position test(PPT) and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) were performed on every subject. In the UBM examination, the following parameters were measured both in the supine position and in the prone position: the angle-opening distance at 250 microns from scleral spur(AOD 250), the angle-opening distance at 500 microns from scleral spur(AOD 500), the trabecular-iris angle(TIA), and the anterior chamber depth at the center of the cornea(anterior chamber depth, ACD). RESULTS While the intraocular pressure was higher after PPT than before the test, every subject was evaluated as negative for PPT. Mean value of every parameter examined was lower in the prone position than in the supine position(AOD 250: 114 microns, vs. 128 microns, AOD 500: 121 microns vs. 144 microns, TIA: 12.1 degrees vs. 15.5 degrees, ACD: 1966 microns vs. 2002 microns), and the change in ACD was statistically significant (p = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS The anterior chamber configuration of patients with narrow angle is changed in prone position. Such a change can occur in patients classified as negative for PPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
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Miyazawa D, Kondo T. Free conjunctival autograft harvested from the fornix for repair of leaking blebs. Br J Ophthalmol 2000; 84:440-1. [PMID: 10777284 PMCID: PMC1723419 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.84.4.439b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Kondo T, Miyazawa D, Unigame K, Kurimoto Y. Ultrasound biomicroscopic findings in humans with shallow anterior chamber and increased intraocular pressure after the prone provocation test. Am J Ophthalmol 1997; 124:632-40. [PMID: 9372717 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)70901-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate ultrasound biomicroscopic findings in human eyes with shallow anterior chamber and risk of anterior chamber angle-closure glaucoma after the prone provocation test. METHODS A total of 32 consecutive patients (64 eyes) with bilateral shallow anterior chamber who were at risk for primary angle-closure glaucoma underwent the prone provocation test in a lit room. Before and immediately after measurement of intraocular pressure in this test, high-frequency ultrasound biomicroscopy was performed in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the chamber angle views were recorded at the 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-o'clock positions. RESULTS Ten eyes of six patients exhibited an increase in intraocular pressure of 8 mm Hg or more, a positive response, with the remainder showing a negative response to the test. In the eyes with a positive response to the test, the profile of the iris showed a markedly convex shape with a large space behind the posterior iris. However, the anterior chamber angle of each eye remained open, even during the high level of intraocular pressure caused by the provocation. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that no angle closure occurs during the initial increase of intraocular pressure after the prone provocation test. Such an initial increase of intraocular pressure was associated with high pressure in the posterior chamber because of the relative pupillary block. A time lag was observed between the high intraocular pressure caused by the pupillary block and the occurrence of angle closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kondo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City General Hospital, Japan
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