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Lee JE, Yu SH, Kim SR, Ahn KJ, Song KH, Lee IK, Shon HS, Kim IJ, Lim S, Kim DM, Chung CH, Lee WY, Lee SH, Kim DJ, Cho SR, Jung CH, Jeon HJ, Lee SH, Park KY, Rhee SY, Kim SG, Park SO, Kim DJ, Kim BJ, Lee SA, Kim YH, Kim KS, Seo JA, Nam-Goong IS, Lee CW, Kim DK, Kim SW, Cho CG, Kim JH, Kim YJ, Yoo JM, Min KW, Lee MK. Efficacy and Safety of Metformin and Atorvastatin Combination Therapy vs. Monotherapy with Either Drug in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Dyslipidemia Patients (ATOMIC): Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial. Diabetes Metab J 2024:dmj.2023.0077. [PMID: 38763510 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2023.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background It is well known that a large number of patients with diabetes also have dyslipidemia, which significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination drugs consisting of metformin and atorvastatin, widely used as therapeutic agents for diabetes and dyslipidemia. Methods This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group and phase III multicenter study included adults with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels >7.0% and <10.0%, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) >100 and <250 mg/dL. One hundred eighty-five eligible subjects were randomized to the combination group (metformin+atorvastatin), metformin group (metformin+atorvastatin placebo), and atorvastatin group (atorvastatin+metformin placebo). The primary efficacy endpoints were the percent changes in HbA1c and LDL-C levels from baseline at the end of the treatment. Results After 16 weeks of treatment compared to baseline, HbA1c showed a significant difference of 0.94% compared to the atorvastatin group in the combination group (0.35% vs. -0.58%, respectively; P<0.0001), whereas the proportion of patients with increased HbA1c was also 62% and 15%, respectively, showing a significant difference (P<0.001). The combination group also showed a significant decrease in LDL-C levels compared to the metformin group (-55.20% vs. -7.69%, P<0.001) without previously unknown adverse drug events. Conclusion The addition of atorvastatin to metformin improved HbA1c and LDL-C levels to a significant extent compared to metformin or atorvastatin alone in diabetes and dyslipidemia patients. This study also suggested metformin's preventive effect on the glucose-elevating potential of atorvastatin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia, insufficiently controlled with exercise and diet. Metformin and atorvastatin combination might be an effective treatment in reducing the CVD risk in patients with both diabetes and dyslipidemia because of its lowering effect on LDL-C and glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Eun Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - Seung Hee Yu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Gumi Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Gumi, Korea
| | - Sung Rae Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Kyu Jeung Ahn
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee-Ho Song
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ho-Sang Shon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - In Joo Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Soo Lim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Doo-Man Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Choon Hee Chung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Won-Young Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soon Hee Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sung-Rae Cho
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Changwon Fatima Hospital, Changwon, Korea
| | - Chang Hee Jung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Jeon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Keun-Young Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang Youl Rhee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sin Gon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok O Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Gwangmyeong Sungae Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Korea
| | - Dae Jung Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Byung Joon Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sang Ah Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Yong-Hyun Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Bundang Jesaeng Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ji A Seo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Il Seong Nam-Goong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Chang Won Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Busan St. Mary's Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Duk Kyu Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University Hospital, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Sang Wook Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Chung Gu Cho
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Korea
| | - Jung Han Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Sungae Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeo-Joo Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jae-Myung Yoo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Wan Min
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon-Kyu Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu, Korea
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Kim MK, Park J, Kim DM. Resistant starch and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Clinical perspective. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:395-401. [PMID: 38189639 PMCID: PMC10981144 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The immediate and well-documented benefits of carbohydrate restriction include improved glycemic control in individuals with diabetes mellitus. Starch, a significant source of carbohydrates, is categorized as rapidly digestible, slowly digestible, or resistant starch (RS). RS, which is a non-viscous fermentable fiber, has shown promise in animal studies for antidiabetic effects by improving glucose metabolism. Although the exact mechanism by which RS affects glucose metabolism remains unclear, it is expected to positively impact glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. The fermentation of RS by colonic microbiota in the large bowel produces short-chain fatty acids, which exert multiple metabolic effects on glucose regulation and homeostasis. Moreover, RS may influence glucose metabolism via bile acid modulation, independent of its fermentation. Diets rich in RS could aid in blood glucose homeostasis. However, it is uncertain whether they can alter the metabolic pathology associated with glucose regulation. In essence, RS has the potential to lower postprandial glucose levels similarly to a low-glycemic index diet. Yet, its efficacy as a medical nutrition therapy for type 2 diabetes needs further investigation. To confirm the role of RS in glycemic control and to possibly recommend it as an additional dietary approach for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, a well-designed, large-scale intervention is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Juri Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shihwa Medical Center, Shihwa, South Korea
| | - Doo-Man Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Kawamura K, Ma D, Pereira A, Ahn DU, Kim DM, Kang I. Subzero saline chilling with or without prechilling in icy water improved chilling efficiency and meat tenderness of broiler carcasses. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103070. [PMID: 37725861 PMCID: PMC10518710 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Freshly slaughtered carcasses need to be chilled to improve product quality, meat safety, and processing efficiency. This research investigated the effect of subzero saline chilling (SSC) on broiler carcasses with or without prechilling in icy water. Water immersion chilling at 0.5°C (WIC) or SSC at 4% NaCl/-2.41°C (SSC) was a major chilling step. For the combination of pre- and postchilling, the warm water immersion chilling (WWIC) at 10°C was used as prechilling and the WIC as postchilling (WWIC-WIC), and WIC was used as prechilling and the SSC as postchilling (WIC-SSC). The internal temperature of breast fillets was monitored during chilling. Carcasses in a prechiller were transported to a postchiller when their internal temperature reached 15°C. Chilling was completed when the carcass temperature reached 4.4°C or below, and breast fillets were harvested at 3-h postmortem to measure the pH and sarcomere length. Color (L*, a*, and b*) values were evaluated on both breast skin and skinless breast surfaces. Meat tenderness was evaluated using the breast fillets after overnight storage and cooking to an internal temperature of 76°C. The carcasses in the SSC and WIC-SSC showed shorter chilling times (85-91 min) than those (100-144 min) of WIC and WWIC-WIC. A higher chilling yield was observed for the carcasses in WIC-SSC, and a lower cooking yield was seen for the carcasses in WWIC-WIC than other chilling methods (P < 0.05). The breast fillets of broilers in the SSC and WIC-SSC showed lower shear forces and longer sarcomere length than the WIC and WWIC-WIC. No difference was found for L* and a* values, while lower b* value was observed in the SSC than the other chilling methods (P < 0.05). Based on these results, chilling of broiler carcasses in the SSC (4% NaCl/-2.41°C) with or without prechilling in WIC at 0.5°C significantly improved chilling efficiency and meat tenderness, with minor color changes on carcasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kawamura
- Department of Animal Science, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA
| | - D Ma
- Department of Animal Science, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA
| | - A Pereira
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA
| | - D U Ahn
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - D M Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA
| | - I Kang
- Department of Animal Science, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA.
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Lee YH, Kim DM, Yu JM, Choi KM, Kim SG, Park KS, Son HS, Chung CH, Ahn KJ, Lee SH, Song KH, Kwon SK, Park HK, Won KC, Jang HC. Anagliptin twice-daily regimen improves glycaemic variability in subjects with type 2 diabetes: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Obes Metab 2022; 25:1174-1185. [PMID: 36564983 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine whether the twice-daily (BID) regimen is superior to the once-daily (QD) regimen for managing glycaemic variability by comparing the effects of anagliptin 100 mg BID versus sitagliptin 100 mg QD. MATERIALS AND METHODS A double-blinded, randomized, multicentre study was performed in 89 patients with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin alone (6.5% < HbA1c < 8.5%). Subjects were randomly assigned to anagliptin 100 mg BID or sitagliptin 100 mg QD in a 1:1 ratio for 12 weeks. Continuous glucose monitoring was used to measure the mean amplitude of glycaemic excursion (MAGE) and postprandial time in range (TIR) before and after dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor treatment to compare glycaemic variability. RESULTS The decrease from baseline in MAGE at 12 weeks after DPP-4 inhibitor treatment was significantly greater in the anagliptin BID group than in the sitagliptin QD group (P < .05); -30.4 ± 25.6 mg/dl (P < .001) in the anagliptin group versus -9.5 ± 38.0 mg/dl (P = .215) in the sitagliptin group. The TIR after dinner increased by 33.0% ± 22.0% (P < .001) in the anagliptin group and by 14.6% ± 28.2% (P = .014) in the sitagliptin group, with a statistically significant difference (P = .009). No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups in the changes in HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose (FPG). CONCLUSIONS The anagliptin BID regimen for the treatment of type 2 diabetes was superior in blood glucose control after dinner to improve glycaemic variability, as indicated by MAGE and TIR, but was equivalent to the QD regimen in terms of HbA1c and FPG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Doo-Man Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Myung Yu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Mook Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sin Gon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kang Seo Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Shik Son
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Choon Hee Chung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Kyu Jeung Ahn
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soon Hee Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Ki-Ho Song
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su Kyoung Kwon
- Department of Endocrinology, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hyeong Kyu Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyu Chang Won
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hak Chul Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
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Kim MK, Kim DM. Current status of diabetic kidney disease and latest trends in management. J Diabetes Investig 2022; 13:1961-1962. [PMID: 36001045 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the major microvascular complications of diabetes and is leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and one of major risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyung Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Doo-Man Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim MK, Kim DM. Effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on kidney function and safety in type 2 diabetes patients. J Diabetes Investig 2021; 12:914-916. [PMID: 33759351 PMCID: PMC8169368 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyung Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Doo-Man Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Jeong HW, Kim MK, Yi HJ, Kim DM, Jeon SJ, Lee HK, Oh YH, Hwang YO. Hepatitis A virus strains identified in jogaejeot associated with outbreaks in Seoul, South Korea. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 73:107-112. [PMID: 33797771 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Jogaejeot, seasoned Venerupis philippinarum, is a traditional Korean fermented food, and hepatitis A virus (HAV) can be transmitted through contaminated food, especially bivalve shellfish, causing acute gastroenteritis worldwide. Here, we carried out a phylogenetic analysis to identify and characterize HAV strains in jogaejeot samples associated with hepatitis A (HA) outbreaks in Seoul, South Korea, in 2019. The HAV strains were identified using blast and molecular analysis of the amplified HAV VP1-P2B genome region. The HAV strains identified in the five jogaejeot samples shared at least 99% sequence identity, were all classified as genotype IA and were most closely related to strains that are widespread in East Asia. These results support a link between the consumption of jogaejeot and the HA outbreaks observed in 2019 in Seoul. In addition, they indicate a need for more stringent enforcement of food safety regulations for the shellfish industry, especially against HAV, and the value of widespread vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Jeong
- Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - M K Kim
- Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - H J Yi
- Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - D M Kim
- Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - S J Jeon
- Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - H K Lee
- Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Y H Oh
- Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Y O Hwang
- Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Hwang Y, Khasag A, Jia W, Jenkins A, Huang CN, Yabe D, Kim DM, Kadowaki T, Lee MK. Diabetes and COVID-19: IDF perspective in the Western Pacific region. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2020; 166:108278. [PMID: 32592842 PMCID: PMC7314686 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic, the highest risk level in the infectious disease alert phase, on 11 March 2020. In the Western Pacific Region (WPR), 192,016 confirmed cases with 7125 deaths had been reported as of 8 June 2020. In people with diabetes COVID-19 can be more difficult to treat due to the wide fluctuations in blood glucose levels or presence of comorbidities such as diabetes complications, including cardiovascular disease and renal damage, which are recognized risks for adverse outcomes. National diabetes associations and governments have established guidelines for subjects with diabetes in relation to COVID-19, and are trying to supply emergency and their regularly required medical products for them. The WPR is so large and composed of such diverse countries and COVID-19 situations, no one conclusion or program applies. Instead we could see a diverse COVID-19 pandemic profile in the WPR, and several creative diagnostic and therapeutic measures undertaken. This includes drive-through screening facilities, high-speed RT-PCR technologies, convalescent patients' plasma therapy, which potentially had some positive contributions in combatting COVID-19 in the WPR as well as globally. Although the numbers of confirmed cases are currently decreasing in the region, the COVID-19 pandemic is not over, and many experts are recommending to prepare measures for potential second or third waves of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yerin Hwang
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Weiping Jia
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, China
| | - Alicia Jenkins
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Center, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chien-Ning Huang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shang Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Daisuke Yabe
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Doo-Man Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hallym University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Moon-Kyu Lee
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Gumi Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Gumi, Republic of Korea.
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Kim DM, Shim YH, Kwon H, Kim JP, Park JI, Kim DH, Kim DH, Kim JH, Jeong YI. CD44 Receptor-Specific and Redox-Sensitive Nanophotosensitizers of Hyaluronic Acid-Chlorin e6 Tetramer Having Diselenide Linkages for Photodynamic Treatment of Cancer Cells. J Pharm Sci 2019; 108:3713-3722. [PMID: 31394112 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
For reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive and CD44 receptor-mediated delivery of photosensitizers, chlorin e6 (ce6) tetramer was synthesized using tetra acid (TA) via selenocystamine linkages and then conjugated with hyaluronic acid (HA) (abbreviated as HAseseCe6TA). HAseseCe6TA nanophotosensitizers were fabricated by dialysis procedure. HAseseCe6TA nanophotosensitizers showed spherical morphology with small particle sizes less than 100 nm and monomodal pattern. When H2O2 was added, size distribution was changed to multimodal pattern and morphological observation showed disintegration of nanophotosensitizers, indicating that HAseseCe6TA nanophotosensitizers have ROS sensitivity. Furthermore, H2O2 addition resulted in acceleration of Ce6 release from HAseseCe6TA nanophotosensitizers. In vitro cell culture study, HAseseCe6TA nanophotosensitizers increase Ce6 uptake ratio, ROS production efficiency, and photodynamic therapy efficacy in both B16F10 cells and CT26 cells. Especially, CD44-receptor blocking of cancer cells by pretreatment of HA showed that fluorescence intensity in B16F10 cells was significantly decreased while fluorescence intensity in CT26 cells was not significantly changed, indicating that HAseseCe6TA nanophotosensitizers can be delivered by CD44 receptor-mediated pathway. In vivo animal tumor xenograft study, HAseseCe6TA nanophotosensitizers was selectively delivered to B16F10 tumor rather than CT26 tumor. These results indicated that HAseseCe6TA nanophotosensitizers have ROS sensitivity and have CD44 receptor-recognition properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doo-Man Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500757, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Ho Shim
- R & D Center, UltraV Co. Ltd., Seoul 04779, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanjin Kwon
- R & D Center, UltraV Co. Ltd., Seoul 04779, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Pil Kim
- Busan Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-In Park
- Busan Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kim
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
| | - Douk-Hoon Kim
- Department of Optometry, Masan University, Gyeongnam 51217, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyeok Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500757, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Il Jeong
- Research Institute of Convergence of Biomedical Sciences, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea.
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Jang HH, Park SB, Hong JS, Lee HL, Song YH, Kim J, Jung YH, Kim C, Kim DM, Lee SE, Jeong YI, Kang DH. Piperlongumine-Eluting Gastrointestinal Stent Using Reactive Oxygen Species-Sensitive Nanofiber Mats for Inhibition of Cholangiocarcinoma Cells. Nanoscale Res Lett 2019; 14:58. [PMID: 30778693 PMCID: PMC6379506 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-2887-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to fabricate drug-eluting gastrointestinal (GI) stent using reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive nanofiber mats for treatment of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell. A ROS-producing agent, piperlongumine (PL)-incorporated nanofiber mats were investigated for drug-eluting stent (DES) application. METHODS Selenocystamine-conjugated methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (MePEG) was conjugated with poly(L-lactide) (PLA) to produce block copolymer (LEse block copolymer). Various ratios of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and LEse block copolymer were dissolved in organic solvent with PL, and then nanofiber mats were fabricated by electro-spinning techniques. RESULTS The higher amount of LEse in the blend of PCL/LEse resulted in the formation of granules while PCL alone showed fine nanofiber structure. Nanofiber mats composed of PCL/LEse polymer blend showed ROS-sensitive drug release, i.e., PL release rate from nanofiber mats was accelerated in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) while nanofiber mats of PCL alone have small changes in drug release rate, indicating that PL-incorporated nanofiber membranes have ROS responsiveness. PL itself and PL released from nanofiber mats showed almost similar anticancer activity against various CCA cells. Furthermore, PL released from nanofiber mats properly produced ROS generation and induced apoptosis of CCA cells as well as PL itself. In HuCC-T1 cell-bearing mice, PL-incorporated nanofiber mats showed improvement in anticancer activity. CONCLUSION PL-incorporated ROS-sensitive nanofiber mats were coated onto GI stent and showed improved anticancer activity with ROS responsiveness. We suggested PL-incorporated ROS-sensitive nanofiber mats as a promising candidate for local treatment of CCA cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Ha Jang
- School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612 South Korea
| | - Su Bum Park
- Research Institute of Convergence of Biomedical Sciences, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612 South Korea
| | - Jeong Sup Hong
- Division of Animal Care, Yonam College, Cheonan, Chungnam 31005 South Korea
| | - Hye Lim Lee
- Research Institute of Convergence of Biomedical Sciences, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612 South Korea
| | - Yeon Hui Song
- Research Institute of Convergence of Biomedical Sciences, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612 South Korea
| | - Jungsoo Kim
- Research Institute of Convergence of Biomedical Sciences, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612 South Korea
| | - Yun Hye Jung
- Research Institute of Convergence of Biomedical Sciences, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612 South Korea
| | - Chan Kim
- Amotech Co. Ltd, Incheon, Gyeonggi-do South Korea
| | - Doo-Man Kim
- Department of Photonics Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 South Korea
| | - Sang Eun Lee
- Research Institute of Convergence of Biomedical Sciences, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612 South Korea
| | - Young-Il Jeong
- Research Institute of Convergence of Biomedical Sciences, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612 South Korea
| | - Dae Hwan Kang
- School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612 South Korea
- Research Institute of Convergence of Biomedical Sciences, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612 South Korea
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Kim DM, Kim CH, Park JW. Atypical epidermoid cyst containing multiple nail plates at a finger amputation stump. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2017; 42:429-430. [PMID: 26839233 DOI: 10.1177/1753193416628763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D M Kim
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - C H Kim
- 2 Department of Pathology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J W Park
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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12
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Lee IH, Kim DM, Song CJ. Reply. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017; 38:E25. [PMID: 28082264 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I H Lee
- Department of Radiology Chungnam National University Hospital Chungnam National University School of Medicine Daejeon, South Korea
| | - D M Kim
- Department of Radiology Chungnam National University Hospital Chungnam National University School of Medicine Daejeon, South Korea
| | - C J Song
- Department of Radiology Chungnam National University Hospital Chungnam National University School of Medicine Daejeon, South Korea
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Doo-Man Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Jeong IK, Kim SG, Cho DH, Kim CH, Kim CS, Lee WY, Won KC, Kim DM. Impact of carotid atherosclerosis detection on physician and patient behavior in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a prospective, observational, multicenter study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2016; 16:220. [PMID: 27842497 PMCID: PMC5109726 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-016-0401-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study compared carotid ultrasound (CUS) and traditional risk calculations in determining cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and investigated whether awareness of CVD affects patient and/or physician behavior. Methods In this prospective, observational, multicenter study, 797 participants with type 2 diabetes were assessed using CUS, the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study Risk Engine (UKPDSRE) calculator, and the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) algorithm. Health-related behaviors and physician treatments were compared at baseline and at 6 months after assessment. Results According to CUS, 43.5 % of the participants were at high risk (compared to 10.6 % and 4.3 % using the UKPDSRE and FRS approaches, respectively). Interestingly, 31.5 % of the patients with low risk scores according to the UKPDSRE calculator and 35.8 % of the patients with low risk scores according to the FRS algorithm were found to be at high risk according to CUS. The proportion of patients who achieved target LDL-C levels significantly increased after CUS. Moreover, increased awareness of atherosclerosis through CUS findings significantly altered physician treatment patterns and patient health-related behaviors. Conclusions Carotid atherosclerosis was detected in more than 30 % of all participants with low or intermediate risk stratification scores. Improved awareness of atherosclerosis through CUS findings had a positive impact on both patient and physician behavior, resulting in improved CV risk management. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12872-016-0401-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Kyung Jeong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sin-Gon Kim
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Hyeok Cho
- Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | | | - Chul Sik Kim
- Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | | | - Kyu-Chang Won
- Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Doo-Man Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Gil-Dong, Gangdong-Gu, Seoul, South Korea.
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Yoon J, Choi B, Choi S, Lee J, Lee J, Jeon M, Lee Y, Han J, Lee J, Kim DM, Kim DH, Kim S, Choi SJ. Evaluation of interface trap densities and quantum capacitance in carbon nanotube network thin-film transistors. Nanotechnology 2016; 27:295704. [PMID: 27285674 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/29/295704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The interface trap density in single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) network thin-film transistors (TFTs) is a fundamental and important parameter for assessing the electronic performance of TFTs. However, the number of studies on the extraction of interface trap densities, particularly in SWNT TFTs, has been insufficient. In this work, we propose an efficient technique for extracting the energy-dependent interface traps in SWNT TFTs. From the measured dispersive, frequency-dependent capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics, the dispersive-free, frequency-independent C-V curve was obtained, thus enabling the extraction and analysis of the interface trap density, which was found to be approximately 8.2 × 10(11) eV(-1) cm(-2) at the valence band edge. The frequency-independent C-V curve also allows further extraction of the quantum capacitance in the SWNT network without introducing any additional fitting process or parameters. We found that the extracted value of the quantum capacitance in SWNT networks is lower than the theoretical value in aligned SWNTs due to the cross point of SWNTs on the SWNT network. Therefore, the method proposed in this work indicates that the C-V measurement is a powerful tool for obtaining deep physical insights regarding the electrical performance of SWNT TFTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yoon
- School of Electrical Engineering, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02707, Korea
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Kim DM, Lee IH, Song CJ. Uremic Encephalopathy: MR Imaging Findings and Clinical Correlation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2016; 37:1604-9. [PMID: 27127003 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Uremic encephalopathy is a metabolic disorder in patients with renal failure. The purpose of this study was to describe the MR imaging findings of uremic encephalopathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study retrospectively reviewed MR imaging findings in 10 patients with clinically proved uremic encephalopathy between May 2005 and December 2014. Parameters evaluated were lesion location and appearance; MR signal intensity of the lesions on T1WI, T2WI, and T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images; the presence or absence of restricted diffusion on diffusion-weighted images and apparent diffusion coefficient maps; and the reversibility of documented signal-intensity abnormalities on follow-up MR imaging. RESULTS MR imaging abnormalities accompanying marked elevation of serum creatinine (range, 4.3-11.7 mg/dL) were evident in the 10 patients. Nine patients had a history of chronic renal failure with expansile bilateral basal ganglia lesions, and 1 patient with acute renal failure had reversible largely cortical lesions. Two of 6 patients with available arterial blood gas results had metabolic acidosis. All basal ganglia lesions showed expansile high signal intensity (lentiform fork sign) on T2WI. Varied levels of restricted diffusion and a range of signal intensities on DWI were evident and were not correlated with serum Cr levels. All cortical lesions demonstrated high signal intensity on T2WI. Four patients with follow-up MR imaging after hemodialysis showed complete resolution of all lesions. CONCLUSIONS The lentiform fork sign is reliable in the early diagnosis of uremic encephalopathy, regardless of the presence of metabolic acidosis. Cytotoxic edema and/or vasogenic edema on DWI/ADC maps may be associated with uremic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Kim
- From the Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - I H Lee
- From the Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
| | - C J Song
- From the Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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Kong YK, Lee SJ, Lee KS, Kim GR, Kim DM. Development of an Ergonomics Checklist for Investigation of Work-Related Whole-Body Disorders in Farming - AWBA: Agricultural Whole-Body Assessment. J Agric Saf Health 2016; 21:207-15. [PMID: 26710578 DOI: 10.13031/jash.21.10647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Researchers have been using various ergonomic tools to study occupational musculoskeletal diseases in industrial contexts. However, in agricultural work, where the work environment is poorer and the socio-psychological stress is high due to the high labor intensities of the industry, current research efforts have been scarce, and the number of available tools is small. In our preliminary studies, which focused on a limited number of body parts and other working elements, we developed separate evaluation tools for the upper and lower extremities. The current study was conducted to develop a whole-body ergonomic assessment tool for agricultural work that integrates the existing assessment tools for lower and upper extremities developed in the preliminary studies and to verify the relevance of the integrated assessment tool. To verify the relevance of the Agricultural Whole-Body Assessment (AWBA) tool, we selected 50 different postures that occur frequently in agricultural work. Our results showed that the AWBA-determined risk levels were similar to the subjective risk levels determined by experts. In addition, as the risk level increased, the average risk level increased to a similar extent. Moreover, the differences in risk levels between the AWBA and expert assessments were mostly smaller than the differences in risk levels between other assessment tools and the expert assessments in this study. In conclusion, the AWBA tool developed in this study was demonstrated to be appropriate for use as a tool for assessing various postures commonly assumed in agricultural work. Moreover, we believe that our verification of the assessment tools will contribute to the enhancement of the quality of activities designed to prevent and control work-related musculoskeletal diseases in other industries.
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Lee S, Choi MG, Yu J, Ryu OH, Yoo HJ, Ihm SH, Kim DM, Hong EG, Park K, Choi M, Choi H. The effects of the Korean reference value on the prevalence of osteoporosis and the prediction of fracture risk. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2015; 16:69. [PMID: 25886842 PMCID: PMC4382837 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-015-0523-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since the reference value is the core factor of the T-score calculation, it has a significant impact on the prevalence of osteoporosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of using the Korean reference value on the prevalence of osteoporosis and on the prediction of fracture risk. Methods We used femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2008–2011. The Korean reference was identified by the mean and standard deviation of men and women aged 20–29 years. We compared the prevalence and the fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX™) probability obtained from the Korean reference and the NHANES III reference. Results In men, the prevalence of osteoporosis increased when using the Korean men’s reference, and the difference increased up to 9% for those in their 80s. In women, the prevalence increased when using the NHANES III reference, and the difference increased up to 17% for those in their 80s. The reference value also affected the fracture risk probability, and the difference from changing the reference value increased in women and in subjects with more clinical fracture risk factors. In major osteoporotic fractures, the difference of the risk probability was up to 6% in women aged 70–79 years with two clinical risk factors. For femoral neck fractures, the difference was up to 7% in women aged 50–59 years with two clinical risk factors. Conclusions We confirmed that the reference value had significant effects on the prevalence of osteoporosis and on the fracture risk probability. The KNHANES 2008–2011 BMD data reflected the characteristics of the Korean BMD status well with regard to data size and study design; therefore, these data can be used as reference values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungwha Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, 77, Sakju-ro, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
| | - Moon-Gi Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, 77, Sakju-ro, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
| | - Jaemyung Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, 1, Singil-ro, Seoul, 150-950, Yeongdeungpo-gu, South Korea.
| | - Ohk-Hyun Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, 77, Sakju-ro, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
| | - Hyung Joon Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, 1, Singil-ro, Seoul, 150-950, Yeongdeungpo-gu, South Korea.
| | - Sung-Hee Ihm
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 22, Gwanpyeong-ro 170 beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang-si, 431-796, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
| | - Doo-Man Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, 150, Seongan-ro, Seoul, 134-701, Gangdong-gu, South Korea.
| | - Eun-Gyung Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, 7, Keunjaebong-gil, Hwaseong-si, 445-907, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
| | - Kyutae Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, 77, Sakju-ro, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
| | - Myungjin Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, 77, Sakju-ro, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
| | - Hyunhee Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, 77, Sakju-ro, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
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Yang HK, Min KW, Park SW, Chung CH, Park KS, Choi SH, Song KH, Kim DM, Lee MK, Sung YA, Baik SH, Kim IJ, Cha BS, Park JH, Ahn YB, Lee IK, Yoo SJ, Kim J, Park IB, Park TS, Yoon KH. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 3 trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anagliptin in drug-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes. Endocr J 2015; 62:449-62. [PMID: 25819061 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej14-0544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anagliptin in drug-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes in a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study. A total of 109 patients were randomized to 100 mg (n=37) or 200 mg (n=33) anagliptin twice daily or placebo (n=39). The primary objective was to alter HbA1c levels from baseline at a 24-week endpoint. The overall baseline mean age and body mass index were 56.20 ± 9.77 years and 25.01 ± 2.97 kg/m(2), respectively, and the HbA1c level was of 7.14 ± 0.69 %. Anagliptin at 100 mg and 200 mg produced significant reductions in HbA1c (-0.50 ± 0.45 % and -0.51 ± 0.55%, respectively), and the placebo treatment resulted in an increase in HbA1c by 0.23 ± 0.62 %. Both doses of anagliptin produced significant decreases in fasting plasma glucose (-0.53 ± 1.25 mmol/L and -0.72 ± 1.25 mmol/L, respectively) and the proinsulin/insulin ratio (-0.04 ± 0.15 and -0.07 ± 0.18, respectively) compared with placebo. No meaningful body weight changes from baseline were observed in three groups. Plasma dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 activity was significantly inhibited after 24 weeks of anagliptin treatment, and >75% and >90% inhibitions were observed during the meal tolerance tests with 100 mg and 200 mg anagliptin, respectively. The incidences of adverse or serious adverse events were similar among the three study groups. Twice-daily anagliptin therapy effectively inhibited DPP-4 activity and improved glycemic control and was well-tolerated in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Kyung Yang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, Korea
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Kim KY, Hong JA, Hwang HW, Lee SH, Park JR, Yu SH, Kang JG, Ryu OH, Lee SJ, Hong EG, Kim DM, Yoo JM, Ihm SH, Choi MG, Yoo HJ, Kim CS. Effects of the Serum Adiponectin to Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) Ratio on Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetic Patients. J Lipid Atheroscler 2015. [DOI: 10.12997/jla.2015.4.1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Youn Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Korea
| | - Jung Ae Hong
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Korea
| | - Ha Won Hwang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Korea
| | - Sun Ho Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Korea
| | - Ju Ri Park
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Yu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Korea
| | - Jun Goo Kang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Korea
| | - Ohk Hyun Ryu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Korea
| | - Seong Jin Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Korea
| | - Eun Gyung Hong
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Korea
| | - Doo-Man Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Korea
| | - Jae Myung Yoo
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Korea
| | - Sung Hee Ihm
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Korea
| | - Moon Gi Choi
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Yoo
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Korea
| | - Chul Sik Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Korea
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Ahammed M, Chae BJ, Lohakare J, Keohavong B, Lee MH, Lee SJ, Kim DM, Lee JY, Ohh SJ. Comparison of aviary, barn and conventional cage raising of chickens on laying performance and egg quality. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 27:1196-203. [PMID: 25083115 PMCID: PMC4109877 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study intended to compare the productive performance of three different layer raising systems; conventional cage (CC), barn (BR) and aviary (AV). The AV is welfare bestowed housing that allows free locomotion for birds within the BR. The BR allows bird's free locomotion inside BR but without multilevel structures. Both pullets and cockerels were housed together in both AV and BR, but only pullets in CC. Seventeen weeks old Lohmann Brown Lite (n = 800) pullets were housed in AV during this study. The same age layer pullets were simultaneously assigned to either at CC or BR to compare egg production performance with AV. The duration of experiment was 40 weeks (from 21st to 60th week). There were no remarkable differences in egg production, hen day egg production (HDEP) and average egg weight among three rearing systems. First 20 weeks (phase-1) average HDEP (%) of AV, CC, and BR were 85.9, 88.8, 87.1 and average egg weights (g) were 57.5, 59.9, and 56.9 respectively. Those of the remaining 20 weeks (phase-2) were 87.1, 87.9, 85.5 and 64.2, 63.0 62.1, respectively. Daily feed intakes (122 g, 110 g, 125 g); feed conversion ratio (2.4, 2.1, 2.5) and daily egg mass (53.9 g, 54.4 g, 52.8 g) data from AV, CC, and BR were not influenced significantly by the respective raising systems. Daily feed intake of layers in both AV (124 g) and BR (127 g) tended to be higher than that in CC (113 g) during phase-2. Overall, exterior egg quality (dirty and cracked eggs) in both phases was superior in BR compared with AV and CC, whereas CC generated intermediate results. This study indicated that the HDEP per se in AV and BR were not significantly different from that in CC. The study implied that the facility depreciation cost for AV and cost for increased feed intake in AV compared to CC are believed to be critical to evaluate the cost effectiveness of egg production in AV.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ahammed
- National Institute of Animal Science, Suwon, Korea
| | - B J Chae
- National Institute of Animal Science, Suwon, Korea
| | - J Lohakare
- National Institute of Animal Science, Suwon, Korea
| | - B Keohavong
- National Institute of Animal Science, Suwon, Korea
| | - M H Lee
- National Institute of Animal Science, Suwon, Korea
| | - S J Lee
- National Institute of Animal Science, Suwon, Korea
| | - D M Kim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Suwon, Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- National Institute of Animal Science, Suwon, Korea
| | - S J Ohh
- National Institute of Animal Science, Suwon, Korea
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Ohn JH, Kwon IH, Park J, Ryu OH, Lee SJ, Kim DM, Ihm SH, Choi MG, Yoo HJ, Hong EG. Unprotected daily sun exposure is differently associated with central adiposity and β-cell dysfunction by gender: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) V. Environ Res 2014; 133:253-259. [PMID: 24981823 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultraviolet irradiation by sun exposure has been associated with both harms and benefits to metabolic health. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine whether unprotected daily sun exposure is associated with the prevalence of diabetes and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS We analyzed the Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey V from 2010 to 2011. Participants 19-60 years of age were asked about the average amount of time they had been exposed to direct sunlight per day since the age of 19. We categorized participants into three groups with different levels of lifetime daily sun exposure and explored the association of sun exposure with the prevalence of diabetes. RESULTS The risk of diabetes was higher in subjects with more than 5h of unprotected sun exposure per day, with an odds ratio of 2.39 (95% CI 1.75-3.25), compared to those with less than 2h of sun exposure, and the association remained significant after adjusting for diabetes risk factors. Long-term sun exposure was associated with increased central obesity and the possibility of an increase in visceral adiposity, especially among women, and with decrease in beta cell function and peripheral adiposity or percent body fat in men. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides a cutoff for upper limit of sun exposure and suggests unprotected daily sun exposure for more than 5h should be avoided to prevent diabetes. Increased central adiposity and decreased beta cell function were observed in women and men, respectively, who had long-term unprotected daily sun exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hun Ohn
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - In Ho Kwon
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Juri Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ohk Hyun Ryu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Jin Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Man Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Ihm
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Gi Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Yoo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Gyoung Hong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
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Kim DM, Cho YH, Jeong H, Baek HJ, Yi GC, Jho YD. Stimulated emission features of bound excitons in ZnO nanotubes. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2014; 14:5293-5296. [PMID: 24758019 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2014.8303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the detailed features of photoluminescence (PL) in vertically aligned ZnO nanotube (NT) arrays as a function of temperature, pumping power, and experimental geometries. In samples with different wall thickness (15 or 60 nm), the temperature-dependent PL energy followed the Varshni's formula whose fitting parameters were found to be rather close to zero-dimensional case in the 15 nm-thick NTs with much larger intensity. In reflective geometry with circular excitation beam shape, the emission gradually evolved from spontaneous to stimulated regime, inferred from amplitude and line-width variation. On the other hand, in the edge-emission geometry with needle-like excitation shape, the interaction length dependence was directly traced by using an adjustable slit.
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Konieczka K, Choi HJ, Koch S, Schoetzau A, Küenzi D, Kim DM. Frequency of symptoms and signs of primary vascular dysregulation in Swiss and Korean populations. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2014; 231:344-7. [PMID: 24771164 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1368239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary vascular dysregulation syndrome (also called Flammer syndrome) is related to certain eye diseases, particularly normal tension glaucoma. Primary vascular dysregulation is characterized by a number of symptoms and signs (e.g., cold hands and/or feet, low blood pressure), that occur more frequently in subjects with primary vascular dysregulation compared to the general population. The aim of the present study was to test and compare the relative frequency of symptoms and signs related to primary vascular dysregulation in unselected populations in Switzerland and Korea. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Swiss (n=259) and Korean (n=1116) subjects filled out our questionnaire containing 15 questions related to symptoms and signs of primary vascular dysregulation. RESULTS In the populations studied, seven of 15 symptoms and signs of primary vascular dysregulation (increased smell perception, increased pain sensation, increased response to certain drugs, low body mass index, feeling cold, cold hands and/or feet, and headaches) occurred significantly more often in the Swiss population than in the Korean population, whereas five symptoms and signs (reversible skin blotches, tendency toward perfectionism, long sleep onset time, tinnitus, and dizziness) occurred significantly more often in the Korean population. CONCLUSION The relative frequency of these symptoms and signs of primary vascular dysregulation in an unselected average population differs between Switzerland and Korea. Therefore, if a diagnosis of primary vascular dysregulation is based on the self-reported symptoms and signs of the patient, they must be compared with the frequency of symptoms and signs in the corresponding local population.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Konieczka
- University of Basel, Department of Ophthalmology, Switzerland (Chairman ad interim: Dr. Norbert Spirig)
| | - H J Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea (Chairman: Prof. Sang-Heon Cho)
| | - S Koch
- University of Basel, Department of Ophthalmology, Switzerland (Chairman ad interim: Dr. Norbert Spirig)
| | - A Schoetzau
- University of Basel, Department of Ophthalmology, Switzerland (Chairman ad interim: Dr. Norbert Spirig)
| | - D Küenzi
- University of Basel, Department of Ophthalmology, Switzerland (Chairman ad interim: Dr. Norbert Spirig)
| | - D M Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Chairman: Prof. Sang In Khwarg)
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Kim HS, Kim DM, Cha BS, Park TS, Kim KA, Kim DL, Chung CH, Park JH, Jang HC, Choi DS. Efficacy of glimepiride/metformin fixed-dose combination vs metformin uptitration in type 2 diabetic patients inadequately controlled on low-dose metformin monotherapy: A randomized, open label, parallel group, multicenter study in Korea. J Diabetes Investig 2014; 5:701-8. [PMID: 25422771 PMCID: PMC4234234 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction To compare the efficacy and safety of early combination therapy with glimepiride/metformin to metformin uptitration in reducing glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in Korean type 2 diabetic patients inadequately controlled on low-dose metformin monotherapy. Materials and Methods In a randomized, open label, parallel group, multicenter study, 209 Korean type 2 diabetic patients (HbA1c 7.0–10.0%, on metformin 500–1,000 mg/day) received glimepiride/metformin fixed-dose combination (G/M FDC) or metformin uptitration treatment (Met UP). The primary end-point was the change in HbA1c from baseline to week 24. Results G/M FDC therapy provided significantly greater adjusted mean decreases vs Met UP therapy in HbA1c (−1.2 vs −0.8%, P < 0.0001), and fasting plasma glucose (−35.7 vs −18.6 mg/dL, P < 0.0001). A significantly greater proportion of patients with G/M FDC therapy achieved HbA1c < 7% (74.7 vs 46.6%, P < 0.0001) at the end of the study. More patients experienced hypoglycemia with G/M FDC therapy compared with Met UP therapy (41 vs 5.6%, P < 0.0001), but there was no serious hypoglycemia in any group. A modest increase in mean bodyweight occurred in the patients who were treated with G/M FDC therapy (1.0 kg), whereas a slight decrease was observed in the patients who were treated with Met UP therapy (−0.7 kg). Conclusion The present study showed that glimepiride/metformin fixed-dose combination therapy was more effective in glycemic control than metformin uptitration, and was well tolerated in type 2 diabetic patients inadequately controlled by low-dose metformin monotherapy in Korea. This trial was registered with ClinicalTrial.gov (no. NCT00612144).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Soon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine Daegu, Korea
| | - Doo-Man Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine Seoul, Korea
| | - Bong-Soo Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Sun Park
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chonbuk National University Hospital Jeonju, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ah Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University College of Medicine Goyang, Korea
| | - Dong-Lim Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine Seoul, Korea
| | - Choon Hee Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine Wonju, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyun Park
- Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Inje University Busan, Korea
| | - Hak Chul Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam, Korea
| | - Dong-Seop Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine Seoul, Korea
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Han DH, Moh IH, Kim DM, Ihm SH, Choi MG, Yoo HJ, Hong EG. Gestational hyperlipidemia and acute pancreatitis with underlying partial lipoprotein lipase deficiency and apolipoprotein E3/E2 genotype. Korean J Intern Med 2013; 28:609-13. [PMID: 24009459 PMCID: PMC3759769 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2013.28.5.609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the case of a patient who experienced extreme recurrent gestational hyperlipidemia. She was diagnosed with partial lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency but without an associated LPL gene mutation in the presence of the apolipoprotein E3/2 genotype. This is the first reported case of extreme gestational hyperlipidemia with a partial LPL deficiency in the absence of an LPL gene mutation and the apolipoprotein E 3/2 genotype. She was managed with strict dietary control and medicated with omega-3 acid ethyl esters. A patient with extreme hyperlipidemia that is limited to the gestational period should be considered partially LPL-deficient. Extreme instances of hyperlipidemia increase the risk of acute pancreatitis, and the effect of parturition on declining plasma lipid levels can be immediate and dramatic. Therefore, decisions regarding the timing and route of delivery with extreme gestational hyperlipidemia are critical and should be made carefully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hee Han
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - In Ho Moh
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Doo-Man Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Sung Hee Ihm
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Moon-Gi Choi
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Yoo
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Eun-Gyoung Hong
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
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Yang SJ, Min KW, Gupta SK, Park JY, Shivane VK, Pitale SU, Agarwal PK, Sosale A, Gandhi P, Dharmalingam M, Mohan V, Mahesh U, Kim DM, Kim YS, Kim JA, Kim PK, Baik SH. A multicentre, multinational, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 3 trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of gemigliptin (LC15-0444) in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2013; 15:410-6. [PMID: 23170990 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Revised: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of the dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor gemigliptin (LC15-0444) 50 mg versus placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS We conducted a 24-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial in 182 patients (74 from Korea and 108 from India) with type 2 diabetes. After an initial 2 weeks of a diet and exercise programme followed by 2 weeks of a single-blind placebo run-in period, eligible patients were randomized to gemigliptin 50 mg or placebo, receiving the assigned treatment for 24 weeks. HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were measured periodically, and oral glucose tolerance test was performed at baseline and weeks 12 and 24. RESULTS At week 24, gemigliptin treatment led to significant reductions in HbA1c measurements compared to placebo (adjust mean after subtracting the placebo effect size: -0.71%, 95% confidence interval: -1.04 to -0.37%). A significantly greater proportion of patients achieved an HbA1c <7% with gemigliptin than with placebo. The placebo-subtracted FPG change from baseline at week 24 was -19.80 mg/dl. The overall incidence rates for adverse events were similar in the gemigliptin and placebo groups. CONCLUSIONS This study showed the efficacy and safety of gemigliptin 50 mg administered once daily as a monotherapy for type 2 diabetes patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Yang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University, Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Baek SH, Park J, Kim DM, Aksyuk VA, Das RR, Bu SD, Felker DA, Lettieri J, Vaithyanathan V, Bharadwaja SSN, Bassiri-Gharb N, Chen YB, Sun HP, Folkman CM, Jang HW, Kreft DJ, Streiffer SK, Ramesh R, Pan XQ, Trolier-McKinstry S, Schlom DG, Rzchowski MS, Blick RH, Eom CB. Giant piezoelectricity on Si for hyperactive MEMS. Science 2011; 334:958-61. [PMID: 22096193 DOI: 10.1126/science.1207186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 341] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) incorporating active piezoelectric layers offer integrated actuation, sensing, and transduction. The broad implementation of such active MEMS has long been constrained by the inability to integrate materials with giant piezoelectric response, such as Pb(Mg(1/3)Nb(2/3))O(3)-PbTiO(3) (PMN-PT). We synthesized high-quality PMN-PT epitaxial thin films on vicinal (001) Si wafers with the use of an epitaxial (001) SrTiO(3) template layer with superior piezoelectric coefficients (e(31,f) = -27 ± 3 coulombs per square meter) and figures of merit for piezoelectric energy-harvesting systems. We have incorporated these heterostructures into microcantilevers that are actuated with extremely low drive voltage due to thin-film piezoelectric properties that rival bulk PMN-PT single crystals. These epitaxial heterostructures exhibit very large electromechanical coupling for ultrasound medical imaging, microfluidic control, mechanical sensing, and energy harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Baek
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Kim HC, Lee KH, Kwon YC, Kang SC, Kim DM. Development of energizing cell-free protein synthesis system from E. coli extracts. J Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.09.851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Park JY, Kwon YC, Lee KH, Kim HN, Lee KY, Kim DM. Screening of optimal ribosome binding sites (RBSs) for high-level protein expression in a cell-free protein synthesis system derived from Streptomyces venezuelae. J Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.09.853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lee KY, Kwon YC, Lee KH, Byun JY, Kim HN, Kim DM. A cell-free protein synthesis system derived from the extract of Streptomyces venezuelae. J Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.09.852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kim CS, Park SY, Yu SH, Kang JG, Ryu OH, Lee SJ, Hong EG, Kim HK, Kim DM, Yoo JM, Ihm SH, Choi MG, Yoo HJ. Is A1C Variability an Independent Predictor for the Progression of Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetic Patients? Korean Diabetes J 2010; 34:174-81. [PMID: 20617078 PMCID: PMC2898931 DOI: 10.4093/kdj.2010.34.3.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2010] [Accepted: 05/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Little is known about the relative contribution of long-term glycemic variability to the risk of macrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of A1C variability on the progression of carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods Among type 2 diabetic patients who visited Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital from March 2007 to September 2009, 120 patients who had carotid artery IMT measured annually and A1C checked every three months for at least one year were analyzed. Individual A1C variability was defined as the standard deviation (SD) of five A1C levels taken every three months for approximately one year. Change in IMT was defined as an increase in IMT on follow-up measurement. The association between the SD of A1C and changes in IMT was evaluated. Results With greater A1C variability, there was a greater increase in the mean IMT (r = 0.350, P < 0.001) of the carotid artery. After adjusting for confounding factors that may influence IMT, A1C variability was significantly associated with the progression of IMT (r = 0.222, P = 0.034). However, the SD of A1C was not a significant independent risk factor for the progression of IMT in multiple regression analysis (β = 0.158, P = 0.093). Conclusion Higher A1C variability is associated with IMT progression in type 2 diabetic patients; however, it is not an independent predictor of IMT progression. Overall glycemic control is the most important factor in the progression of IMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul Sik Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
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Kim DM, Lee YM, Back JH, Yang TY, Lee JH, Song HJ, Shim SK, Hwang KJ, Park MY. A serosurvey of Orientia tsutsugamushi from patients with scrub typhus. Clin Microbiol Infect 2009; 16:447-51. [PMID: 19778303 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2009.02865.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Many countries where scrub typhus is endemic use their own cutoff values for antibody titres to differentiate between cured cases and current infections. To establish an antibody titre cutoff value, one needs to investigate the seroprevalence in endemic areas, and the duration of the increase in titre after complete cure. We conducted a follow-up study of anti-Orientia tsutsugamushi antibody titres using indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFA) and passive haemagglutination assays (PHA) in patients with scrub typhus. After the onset of symptoms, IgM antibody titres increased gradually over 2-3 weeks, peaked at about 4 weeks, and started to decrease rapidly between 4 and 5 weeks. At 1-year follow-up, the median IgM value was 1:10. Out of 77 patients who were tested at that time, 36 (47%) had IgM titres > or =1:20, and none had titres exceeding 1:80. Over the first 2 weeks, IgG antibody titres increased sharply, peaked at about 4 weeks and decreased rather gradually thereafter, with a median titre of 1:128 maintained up to the 18th month. At 1-year follow-up, five out of 77 patients (6.5%) had titres > or =1:1,024 and 57% had titres > or =1:128. Based on these results, a cutoff value of > or =1:160 for IgM antibody should differentiate between previous and current infections in endemic areas such as Korea and Japan, where scrub typhus occurs mainly in the autumn.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Kim
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Research Center for Resistant Cells, School of Medicine, National Institute of Health, Republic of Korea
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Min SH, Kim DM, Heo YS, Kim YI, Kim HM, Kim J, Han YM, Kim IC, Yoo OJ. New p53 target, phosphatase of regenerating liver 1 (PRL-1) downregulates p53. Oncogene 2008; 28:545-54. [PMID: 18997816 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2008.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Most of the p53 target genes, all except MDM2, COP1 and PIRH2, perform functions in apoptosis, differentiation and cell cycle arrest. The aforementioned oncogenes downregulate p53 through a negative feedback mechanism, and thus contribute to tumor development. In this study, we report a new p53 target, PRL-1, which is believed to be a significant regulator in the development and metastasis of a variety of cancer types. Phosphatase of regenerating liver 1 (PRL-1) overexpression reduced the levels of endogenous and exogenous p53 proteins, and inhibited p53-mediated apoptosis. On the other hand, the ablation of PRL-1 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) increased p53 protein levels. The p53 downregulation was mediated by p53 ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation. Furthermore, p53 ubiquitination by PRL-1 was achieved through two independent pathways, by inducing PIRH2 transcription and by inducing MDM2 phosphorylation through Akt signaling. In addition, we showed that the PRL-1 gene harbors a p53 response element in the first intron, and its transcription is regulated by the p53 protein. These findings imply that the new oncogenic p53 target, PRL-1, may contribute to tumor development by the downregulation of p53 by a negative feedback mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-H Min
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biomedical Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
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Kim TW, Kim TW, Park KH, Kim DM. An unexpectedly low Stratus optical coherence tomography false-positive rate in the non-nasal quadrants of Asian eyes: indirect evidence of differing retinal nerve fibre layer thickness profiles according to ethnicity. Br J Ophthalmol 2008; 92:735-9. [DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2007.129502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Doo-Man Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Korea.
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Woo SJ, Kim JY, Kim DM, Park SS, Ko HS, Yoo T. Investigation of the association between 677C>T and 1298A>C 5,10-methylenetetra- hydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms and normal-tension glaucoma. Eye (Lond) 2007; 23:17-24. [PMID: 17618244 DOI: 10.1038/sj.eye.6702920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Homozygous polymorphism of the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene and resultant hyperhomocysteinaemia have been established as an independent risk factor for vascular diseases. There are evidences that vascular abnormalities are involved in the pathogenesis and progression of normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). In the present study, we were to find out the associations between 677C>T and 1298A>C polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene and NTG. METHODS This was a retrospective, case-controlled study enrolling 78 NTG patients and 100 controls. DNA from peripheral blood lymphocytes was extracted and the genotypes of polymorphisms (677C>T and 1298A>C) in the MTHFR gene were determined using PCR followed by restriction enzyme digestion. The frequencies of the polymorphic genotypes in the patients with NTG and controls were compared. RESULTS The frequencies of the polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene (677C>T and 1298A>C) in the NTG patients were not significantly different from those of controls. But the younger NTG patients (age at diagnosis < or = 45 years) showed significantly higher prevalence of 677C>T polymorphism than the older NTG patients (age at diagnosis > 45 years) (TT genotype, 38.9 vs 11.9%, P=0.006, OR=4.71, 95% CI=1.49-14.9) and than the younger control subgroup (TT genotype, 38.9 vs 6.1%, P=0.001, OR=9.86, 95% CI=2.23-42.4). CONCLUSIONS The 677C>T polymorphism was significantly associated with NTG in the younger patients, while 1298A>C polymorphism was not. This suggests that 677C>T polymorphism of the MTHFR gene can be a genetic risk factor of NTG in Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Woo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Park SY, Rhee Y, Youn JC, Park YN, Lee S, Kim DM, Song SY, Lim SK. Ectopic Cushing's syndrome due to concurrent corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secreted by malignant gastrinoma. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2007; 115:13-6. [PMID: 17286228 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-948212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Ectopic Cushing's syndrome due to various malignancies is not uncommon. However, a few cases of ectopic Cushing's syndrome caused by corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), or CRH with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) have been reported. A 28-year-old woman presented with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding caused by an active ulcer, located atypically in the 2nd portion of duodenum. Further work-up revealed high gastrin levels and abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans showed a large pancreatic head mass with multiple liver metastases. The serum cortisol and ACTH levels were checked due to hypokalemia with metabolic alkalosis and recent amenorrhea. Cortisol and ACTH were both highly elevated with pituitary hyperplasia and elevated CRH. The existence of ectopic ACTH and CRH in the liver biopsy was also demonstrated immunohistochemically. Since an operation was not feasible, chemotherapy was conducted using paclitaxel and etoposide. These two drugs were chosen according to the IN VITRO chemotherapy response assay to maximize the treatment. This report demonstrates concurrent ACTH- and CRH-related ectopic Cushing's syndrome caused by malignant gastrinoma with multiple liver metastases that was treated with marginal success using a multidisciplinary medical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrine Research Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Lee SY, Kim KK, Seo JM, Kim DM, Chung H, Park KS, Kim HC. Automated quantification of retinal nerve fiber layer atrophy in fundus photograph. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2007; 2004:1241-3. [PMID: 17271913 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2004.1403394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative analysis of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defect is prerequisite in the early detection and management of glaucoma. A new automatic quantification method to evaluate the degree of RNLF defect has been proposed in this paper. Simple image processing technique is applied to locate optic disc and intensity of the pixels around optic disc is plotted. The area with RNFL defect can be easily determined by comparing the intensity plot of the RNFL and the first derivative of the intensity plot. Through analysis of the plot, thickness of RNFL also can be postulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program, Seoul Nat. Univ., South Korea
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Zhao T, Scholl A, Zavaliche F, Lee K, Barry M, Doran A, Cruz MP, Chu YH, Ederer C, Spaldin NA, Das RR, Kim DM, Baek SH, Eom CB, Ramesh R. Electrical control of antiferromagnetic domains in multiferroic BiFeO3 films at room temperature. Nat Mater 2006; 5:823-9. [PMID: 16951676 DOI: 10.1038/nmat1731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2006] [Accepted: 07/27/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Multiferroic materials, which offer the possibility of manipulating the magnetic state by an electric field or vice versa, are of great current interest. In this work, we demonstrate the first observation of electrical control of antiferromagnetic domain structure in a single-phase multiferroic material at room temperature. High-resolution images of both antiferromagnetic and ferroelectric domain structures of (001)-oriented multiferroic BiFeO3 films revealed a clear domain correlation, indicating a strong coupling between the two types of order. The ferroelectric structure was measured using piezo force microscopy, whereas X-ray photoemission electron microscopy as well as its temperature dependence was used to detect the antiferromagnetic configuration. Antiferromagnetic domain switching induced by ferroelectric polarization switching was observed, in agreement with theoretical predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Zhao
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
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Tenne DA, Bruchhausen A, Lanzillotti-Kimura ND, Fainstein A, Katiyar RS, Cantarero A, Soukiassian A, Vaithyanathan V, Haeni JH, Tian W, Schlom DG, Choi KJ, Kim DM, Eom CB, Sun HP, Pan XQ, Li YL, Chen LQ, Jia QX, Nakhmanson SM, Rabe KM, Xi XX. Probing Nanoscale Ferroelectricity by Ultraviolet Raman Spectroscopy. Science 2006; 313:1614-6. [PMID: 16973874 DOI: 10.1126/science.1130306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrated that ultraviolet Raman spectroscopy is an effective technique to measure the transition temperature (Tc) in ferroelectric ultrathin films and superlattices. We showed that one-unit-cell-thick BaTiO3 layers in BaTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices are not only ferroelectric (with Tc as high as 250 kelvin) but also polarize the quantum paraelectric SrTiO3 layers adjacent to them. Tc was tuned by approximately 500 kelvin by varying the thicknesses of the BaTiO3 and SrTiO3 layers, revealing the essential roles of electrical and mechanical boundary conditions for nanoscale ferroelectricity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Tenne
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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Fong DD, Kolpak AM, Eastman JA, Streiffer SK, Fuoss PH, Stephenson GB, Thompson C, Kim DM, Choi KJ, Eom CB, Grinberg I, Rappe AM. Stabilization of monodomain polarization in ultrathin PbTiO3 films. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:127601. [PMID: 16605959 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.127601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2005] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Using in situ high-resolution synchrotron x-ray scattering, the Curie temperature TC has been determined for ultrathin c-axis epitaxial PbTiO3 films on conducting substrates (SrRuO3 on SrTiO3), with surfaces exposed to a controlled vapor environment. The suppression of TC was relatively small, even for the thinnest film (1.2 nm). We observe that 180 degrees stripe domains do not form, indicating that the depolarizing field is compensated by free charge at both interfaces. This is confirmed by ab initio calculations that find polar ground states in the presence of ionic adsorbates.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D Fong
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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Abstract
During the past decade, obesity has substantially increased in Korea, and this is leading to dramatic increases in complications such as type 2 diabetes. In this review, we discuss the past and the current situation of obesity in Korea based on the national health and nutrition surveys of 1995, 1998, and 2001. Because Korea is geographically isolated with relatively few migrants and has a low level of genetic heterogeneity, this report demonstrates the impact of environmental factors on the development of obesity beyond epidemiological information about one of the Asian countries. The third national health and nutrition survey reported in 2001 announced that the overall prevalence of obesity [body mass index (BMI) > or = 25.0 kg m(-2)] in Korean adults is 30.6% (32.4% in men and 29.4% in women). The prevalence of obesity in adults and children has increased rapidly from 1990s through the beginning of the new millennium and is steadily increasing in parallel with our rapid socio-economic progress. In particular, special attention should be paid to two groups in hormonal transition: first, middle-aged men and women who experience a great increase in body weight, BMI and waist circumference because of andropause or menopause, and second, adolescents in middle to high school who are preparing for qualification or entrance examinations and are prone to overnutrition or nutritional imbalance and physical inactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Kim
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yongdong Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim DM, Yoon SJ, Ahn CW, Cha BS, Lim SK, Kim KR, Lee HC, Huh KB. Sibutramine improves fat distribution and insulin resistance, and increases serum adiponectin levels in Korean obese nondiabetic premenopausal women. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2004; 66 Suppl 1:S139-44. [PMID: 15563965 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2003.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2003] [Accepted: 12/09/2003] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of sibutramine on body composition and fat distribution, insulin resistance, and serum adiponectin levels in obese women. A total of 28 obese, premenopausal women (mean age, 34.5 +/- 13.7 years; BMI, 31.00 +/- 4.10 kg/m2) was studied before and after 12-week-course of sibutramine (10mg/day). Sibutramine treatment reduced body mass index (P < 0.05) and total body fat (P < 0.05). Abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat areas (ASFA and AVFA) and mid-thigh low density muscle areas (LDMA) measured by computed-tomography decreased significantly (all, P < 0.05). Insulin resistance (IR) calculated from the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) method decreased (P < 0.05) and serum adiponectin levels increased significantly (P < 0.05). In our sequential data, the changes of fasting serum insulin levels and the HOMA-IR scores, serum free fatty acids and triglyceride levels, serum adiponectin levels and the mid-thigh LDMA preceded significant changes of body weight, total body fat, and abdominal fat distribution, suggesting sibutramine might improve insulin sensitivity directly by alterations of fatty acid metabolism or secondarily by increasing serum adiponectin levels. Conclusively, sibutramine improved fat distribution and insulin resistance, and increased serum adiponectin levels in Korean obese nondiabetic premenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yongdong Severance Hospital, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 146-92 Dogok-Dong, Kangnam-Ku, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim DM, Ahn CW, Park JS, Cha BS, Lim SK, Kim KR, Lee HC, Huh KB. An implication of hypertriglyceridemia in the progression of diabetic nephropathy in metabolically obese, normal weight patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Korea. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2004; 66 Suppl 1:S169-72. [PMID: 15563971 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2004.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to investigate diverse risk factors affecting the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN) by observing the changes of 24 h urinary albumin excretion (24 h UAE) in 90 abdominally obese, normal weight, type 2 diabetic patients with normo- or micro-albuminuria. Patients were divided into three groups according to the 24h UAE; normo-, micro-, and macro-albuminuria group. After 4 years of follow-up, patients were divided into either progression or non-progression group according to the changes of 24 h UAE. About 37% of the normo-albuminuria group and 18% of the micro-albumiuria group were classified into the progression group. The initial serum creatinine levels and the initial and follow-up post-prandial plasma glucose levels were significantly higher in the progression group than in the non-progression group. Most remarkably, the initial and follow-up serum triglyceride (TG) levels (190 +/- 132 versus 132 +/- 49 mg/dl and 191 +/- 124 versus 133 +/- 41 mg/dl, P < 0.01 in both) were significantly higher in the progression group than in the non-progression group, suggesting hypertriglyceridemia might be included in the progression factors of DN. The increases in 24-hour UAE were positively associated with the initial and follow-up post-prandial plasma glucose levels (P < 0.05 in both), the initial and follow-up serum creatinine levels (P < 0.05 in both), and the initial serum TG levels (P < 0.05). Whereas, insulin users or patients with retinopathy at follow-up (P < 0.05 in both) showed more rapid progression of albuminuria, ACE inhibitors or acarbose (P < 0.05 in both) use turned out to protect against it.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yongdong Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, 146-92 Dogok-Dong, Kangnam-Ku, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kim CS, Kim DM, Park JS, Nam JY, Ahn CW, Cha BS, Lim SK, Kim KR, Lee HC. A case of primary antiphospholipid syndrome and Type 2 diabetes mellitus with large artery thromboses successfully treated by abdominal stent implantation. Diabet Med 2004; 21:1258-9. [PMID: 15498097 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2004.01347.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul 110-744, Korea
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Ahn CW, Song YD, Nam JH, Kim DM, Woo SO, Park SW, Cha BS, Lim SK, Kim KR, Lee JH, Lee HC, Huh KB. Insulin sensitivity in physically fit and unfit children of parents with Type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med 2004; 21:59-63. [PMID: 14706055 DOI: 10.1046/j.1464-5491.2003.01049.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS First-degree relatives of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are often reported to be insulin resistant. We wanted to identify early metabolic abnormalities in this condition, and determine whether they are altered by regular physical training. METHODS We measured insulin sensitivity using the euglycaemic glucose clamp technique and insulin response to oral glucose in 10 unfit (did not participate in routine physical exercise) offspring of T2DM parents and 10 unfit control subjects, and compared them with six fit (routinely swam for 3 h/day 5 days/week) offspring of T2DM parents and six fit controls with no family history of T2DM. RESULTS Unfit offspring had a higher plasma glucose response than the other three groups. The mean area under the glucose curve was also significantly higher in unfit offspring than in the other three groups (12.6 +/- 0.6 vs. 10.4 +/- 0.4, 9.6 +/- 0.5, and 9.5 +/- 0.7 mmol/l per hour for the unfit controls, fit offspring and fit controls, respectively; P < 0.05). The corresponding insulin response of unfit offspring was significantly higher at 60 min in the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) that that of fit offspring or fit controls. In addition, the mean area under the insulin curve was significantly greater in unfit offspring than in either fit offspring or fit controls (868 +/- 172 vs. 294 +/- 71, 287 +/- 43 mmol/l per hour, respectively; P < 0.05). Moreover, the glucose disposal rate (GDR), measured using a euglycaemic clamp, was significantly lower in unfit and fit offspring than in unfit and fit controls (5.6 +/- 0.3 vs. 8.6 +/- 0.3 mg/kg per minute; P < 0.01 and 9.3 +/- 0.9 vs. 12.1 +/- 0.8 mg/kg per minute, respectively; P < 0.015), whereas the GDR was similar in unfit controls and fit offspring (8.6 +/- 0.4 vs. 9.3 +/- 0.9 mg/kg per minute; P > 0.05). CONCLUSION These results support the concept that early metabolic abnormalities, as reflected by a decreased GDR (insulin sensitivity) in the offspring of T2DM patients, may be improved by increased physical fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
AIM To compare the pattern of localised nerve fibre layer (NFL) defects in normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). METHODS 50 NTG eyes and 36 POAG eyes, all with localised NFL defects, were enrolled. On retinal NFL photography, the proximity of the defect to the centre of the fovea (angle alpha) and the sum of the angular width of the defects (angle beta) were determined. Angle alpha was the angle made by a line from the centre of the fovea to the disc centre and a line from the disc centre to the disc margin, where the nearest border of the defect met. The patterns of localised NFL defects in NTG and POAG were compared with angles alpha and beta. Independent t test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Angle alpha in NTG (35.1 (SD 20.0) degrees ) was significantly smaller than that of POAG (45.9 (21.9) degrees ) (p=0.02), while angle beta in NTG (49.0 (31.9) degrees ) was significantly larger than that of POAG (33.1 (23.9) degrees ) (p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS The pattern of NFL defects in NTG was different from that in POAG. Localised NFL defects in NTG were closer to the fovea and wider in width than those in POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Woo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Kim DM, Swartz JR. Regeneration of adenosine triphosphate from glycolytic intermediates for cell-free protein synthesis. Biotechnol Bioeng 2001; 74:309-16. [PMID: 11410855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
A new approach for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) regeneration in a cell-free protein synthesis system is described. We first show that pyruvate can be used as a secondary energy source to replace or supplement the conventional secondary energy source, phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP). We also report that glucose-6-phosphate, an earlier intermediate of the glycolytic pathway, can be used for ATP regeneration. These new methods provide more stable maintenance of ATP concentration during protein synthesis. Because pyruvate and glucose-6-phosphate are the first and last intermediates of the glycolytic pathway, respectively, the results also suggest the possibility of using any glycolytic intermediate, or even glucose, for ATP regeneration in a cell-free protein synthesis system. As a result, the methods described provide cell-free protein synthesis with greater flexibility and cost efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5025, USA
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