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Garcia M, Pineau A, Guillard O, Ragot S, Lévêque N, Agius G. Low serum selenium concentrations in French patients with measles. Curr Res Transl Med 2017; 65:89-91. [PMID: 28447938 PMCID: PMC7104300 DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Objective Selenium deficiency adversely affects the clinical outcome of measles in the tropics. In developed countries, serum selenium level has never been investigated during acute measles. The aim of this study was to determine serum selenium concentrations in French patients with acute measles and to seek correlations with clinical and virological findings. Patients and methods We studied serum selenium concentrations in 94 French patients with acute measles and in 99 healthy controls matched for age and sex. Results The mean of selenium concentration was significantly lower in the patients than in the controls (46.4 ± 14.1 μg/L versus 86.5 ± 13.9 μg/L, P < 0.0001). In the patients, selenium concentrations were not associated with age, sex, vaccination status, clinical signs or specific antibody responses. Selenium levels did not differ significantly between patients with uncomplicated measles (45.8 ± 14.2 μg/L) and patients with complications (52.7 ± 13.2 μg/L) (P = 0.15). Conclusion Acute measles is associated with significant reduction of selenium level that did not seem to negatively affect the course of the disease suggesting compensating mechanisms in patients from developed countries against the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Garcia
- Laboratoire de virologie, CHU de Poitiers, 2, rue de la Milétrie, CS 90577, 86021 Poitiers cedex, France; UFR médecine et pharmacie, université de Poitiers, 6, rue de la Milétrie, TSA 51115, 86073 Poitiers cedex 9, France
| | - A Pineau
- UFR pharmacie, laboratoire de toxicologie, université de Nantes, 9, rue Bias, BP 53508, 44035 Nantes cedex 1, France
| | - O Guillard
- UFR médecine et pharmacie, université de Poitiers, 6, rue de la Milétrie, TSA 51115, 86073 Poitiers cedex 9, France
| | - S Ragot
- UFR médecine et pharmacie, université de Poitiers, 6, rue de la Milétrie, TSA 51115, 86073 Poitiers cedex 9, France; Inserm CIC 1402, 2, rue de la Milétrie, CS 90577, 86021 Poitiers cedex, France; Centre d'investigation clinique, CHU de Poitiers, 2, rue de la Milétrie, CS 90577, 86021 Poitiers cedex, France
| | - N Lévêque
- Laboratoire de virologie, CHU de Poitiers, 2, rue de la Milétrie, CS 90577, 86021 Poitiers cedex, France; UFR médecine et pharmacie, université de Poitiers, 6, rue de la Milétrie, TSA 51115, 86073 Poitiers cedex 9, France.
| | - G Agius
- Laboratoire de virologie, CHU de Poitiers, 2, rue de la Milétrie, CS 90577, 86021 Poitiers cedex, France; UFR médecine et pharmacie, université de Poitiers, 6, rue de la Milétrie, TSA 51115, 86073 Poitiers cedex 9, France
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de Rougemont A, Kaplon J, Fremy C, Legrand-Guillien MC, Minoui-Tran A, Payan C, Vabret A, Mendes-Martins L, Chouchane M, Maudinas R, Huet F, Dubos F, Hober D, Lazrek M, Bouquignaud C, Decoster A, Alain S, Languepin J, Gillet Y, Lina B, Mekki Y, Morfin-Sherpa F, Guigon A, Guinard J, Foulongne V, Rodiere M, Avettand-Fenoel V, Bonacorsi S, Garbarg-Chenon A, Gendrel D, Lebon P, Lorrot M, Mariani P, Meritet JF, Schnuriger A, Agius G, Beby-Defaux A, Oriot D, Colimon R, Lagathu G, Mory O, Pillet S, Pozzetto B, Stephan JL, Aho S, Pothier P. Clinical severity and molecular characteristics of circulating and emerging rotaviruses in young children attending hospital emergency departments in France. Clin Microbiol Infect 2016; 22:737.e9-737.e15. [PMID: 27287887 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Group A rotavirus (RVA) is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in young children worldwide. A prospective surveillance network has been set up to investigate the virological and clinical features of RVA infections and to detect the emergence of potentially epidemic strains in France. From 2009 to 2014, RVA-positive stool samples were collected from 4800 children <5 years old attending the paediatric emergency units of 16 large hospitals. Rotaviruses were then genotyped by RT-PCR with regard to their outer capsid proteins VP4 and VP7. Genotyping of 4708 RVA showed that G1P[8] strains (62.2%) were predominant. The incidence of G9P[8] (11.5%), G3P[8] (10.4%) and G2P[4] (6.6%) strains varied considerably, whereas G4P[8] (2.7%) strains were circulating mostly locally. Of note, G12P[8] (1.6%) strains emerged during the seasons 2011-12 and 2012-13 with 4.1% and 3.0% prevalence, respectively. Overall, 40 possible zoonotic reassortants, such as G6 (33.3%) and G8 (15.4%) strains, were detected, and were mostly associated with P[6] (67.5%). Analysis of clinical records of 624 hospitalized children and severity scores from 282 of them showed no difference in clinical manifestations or severity in relation to the genotype. The relative stability of RVA genotypes currently co-circulating and the large predominance of P[8] type strains may ensure vaccine effectiveness in France. The surveillance will continue to monitor the emergence of new reassortants that might not respond to current vaccines, all the more so as all genotypes can cause severe infections in infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- A de Rougemont
- Centre National de Référence des virus entériques, Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU de Dijon, France; UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.
| | - J Kaplon
- Centre National de Référence des virus entériques, Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU de Dijon, France
| | - C Fremy
- Centre National de Référence des virus entériques, Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU de Dijon, France
| | | | | | - C Payan
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest, France
| | - A Vabret
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, France
| | | | - M Chouchane
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France
| | - R Maudinas
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France
| | - F Huet
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France
| | - F Dubos
- Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, France
| | - D Hober
- Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, France
| | - M Lazrek
- Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, France
| | - C Bouquignaud
- Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille, France
| | - A Decoster
- Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille, France
| | - S Alain
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Limoges, France
| | - J Languepin
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Limoges, France
| | | | - B Lina
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Y Mekki
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | | | - A Guigon
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Orléans, France
| | - J Guinard
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Orléans, France
| | - V Foulongne
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, France
| | - M Rodiere
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, France
| | | | - S Bonacorsi
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | | | - D Gendrel
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | - P Lebon
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | - M Lorrot
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | - P Mariani
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | - J-F Meritet
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | | | - G Agius
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, France
| | - A Beby-Defaux
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, France
| | - D Oriot
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, France
| | - R Colimon
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, France
| | - G Lagathu
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, France
| | - O Mory
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, France
| | - S Pillet
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, France
| | - B Pozzetto
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, France
| | - J-L Stephan
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, France
| | - S Aho
- Service d'Hygiène Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France
| | - P Pothier
- Centre National de Référence des virus entériques, Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU de Dijon, France; UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
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3
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Ducancelle A, Legrand MC, Pivert A, Veillon P, Le Guillou-Guillemette H, De Brux MA, Beby-Defaux A, Agius G, Hantz S, Alain S, Catala L, Descamps P, Postec E, Caly H, Charles-Pétillon F, Labrousse F, Lunel F, Payan C. Interest of human papillomavirus DNA quantification and genotyping in paired cervical and urine samples to detect cervical lesions. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2014; 290:299-308. [PMID: 24622934 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-014-3191-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is caused by persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV). Conventional human papillomavirus (HPV) testing requires cervical sampling. However, vaginal and urine self-sampling methods are more acceptable for patients and result in increased participation when they are available in screening programs. In this context, we have developed a non-invasive screening method via the detection of HPV DNA in urine samples. PURPOSE To compare HPV viral loads and genotypes in paired cervical and urine samples, and to assess correlation between virological and cytological results in women seeking gynecological consultation. METHODS Paired urine and cervical specimens were collected and analyzed from 230 of 245 women participating in the previously described prospective PapU study. HPV DNA detection and quantification were performed using a real-time PCR method with short fragment PCR primers. Genotyping was carried out using the INNO-LiPA HPV genotyping assay. RESULTS The prevalence of HPV in the 230 paired urine and cervical smear samples was 42 and 49 %, respectively. Overall agreement for HPV positivity and negativity between the paired samples was 90 % (κ = 0.80). High HPV viral load in both cervical and urine samples was associated with cytological abnormalities. HPV-positive women were mostly infected with HR-HPV types. The agreement between high- and low-risk HPV (LR-HPV) detection in both samples was 97 % (κ = 0.95 for HR-HPV and κ = 0.97 for LR-HPV). CONCLUSIONS High concordance rates for HPV-DNA quantification and high/low-risk HPV genotyping in paired urine/cervical samples suggest that urinary HPV DNA testing could be useful for cervical lesion screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ducancelle
- Laboratoire de Virologie, UPRES EA 3859, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Angers, 4 rue Larrey, 49000, Angers, France,
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4
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Elsendoorn A, Le Moal G, Debiais C, Favier AL, Crance JM, Agius G, Roblot F, Roblot P. Infection à virus Cowpox avec chondrite de l’oreille et cellulite faciale. Rev Med Interne 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2011.03.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Lacau Saint Guily J, Pretet J, Agius G, Rousseau A, Barry B, Dufour X, Perie S, Lefevre M, Birembaut P, Mougin C, Simon T, Clavel C. PAPILLOPHAR: Impact of the human papillomavirus (HPV) status in the prognosis of oropharynx squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.tps198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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De Rougemont A, Kaplon J, Pillet S, Stephan J, Gagneur A, Payan C, Lebon P, Huet F, Coste-Burel M, Mollat C, Lorrot M, Bingen E, Rodiere M, Foulongne V, Floret D, Lina B, Parez N, Garbag-Chenon A, Fourcade L, Alain S, Oriot D, Agius G, Hober D, Martinot A, Colimon R, Fontana C, Gendrel D, Pothier P. CL020 - Diversité génotypique des rotavirus aux urgences pédiatriques en France entre 2006 et 2009. Arch Pediatr 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(10)70236-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Ducancelle A, Hantz S, Legrand MC, Alain S, Beby-Defaux A, Malbois C, Avenel M, De Brux MA, Charles F, Aspeele F, Catala L, Descamps P, Postec E, Collet M, Agius G, Lunel F, Payan C. OP5-6 Evaluation of human papillomavirus (HPV) by quantification and typing in paired urine and cervical samples of women with abnormal cytology. J Clin Virol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1386-6532(09)70070-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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9
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10
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Plouzeau C, Paccalin M, Beby-Defaux A, Giraudeau G, Godet C, Agius G. [Diagnosis and epidemiological surveillance of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus infections: interest of multiplex PCR]. Med Mal Infect 2007; 37:728-33. [PMID: 17560747 PMCID: PMC7119120 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2007.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2006] [Accepted: 02/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objectif Le diagnostic étiologique des infections respiratoires nécessite d'être réalisé rapidement pour une prise en charge efficace des patients. Nous avons évalué une PCR multiplex pour le diagnostic et l'épidémiosurveillance des infections grippales et à virus respiratoire syncytial (VRS). Patients et méthodes Notre étude a porté sur 278 patients (âge moyen : 37,2 ± 22,9 ans) présentant un syndrome grippal ou pseudogrippal, consultant des médecins vigies du GROG Poitou-Charentes ou hospitalisés au CHU de Poitiers. Une PCR multiplex détectant les virus grippaux A(H3), A(H1), B et les VRS A et B, a été réalisée en parallèle à un examen direct par immunofluorescence et une culture cellulaire. Résultats Nous avons mis en évidence une infection virale chez 139 (50,0 %) patients : 99 cas de grippe A(H3), deux cas de grippe A(H1), 28 cas de grippe B et 11 cas d'infection à VRS. Le rendement diagnostique chez les patients du GROG (52,3 %) était significativement plus élevé que celui observé chez les hospitalisés (34,5 %) (p = 0,04). Nous avons obtenu une concordance technique de 61 %. La PCR multiplex a permis un gain de positivité de 22,3 % par rapport aux techniques traditionnelles. Tous les prélèvements positifs par les techniques traditionnelles l'ont été également en PCR multiplex. Nous avons observé une parfaite corrélation entre les types et les sous-types viraux déterminés par PCR et par culture cellulaire. Conclusion La PCR multiplex est une technique sensible permettant un diagnostic efficace et rapide des infections respiratoires dues aux virus grippaux et au VRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Plouzeau
- Laboratoire de virologie, CHU de Poitiers, 2, rue de La Milétrie, BP 577, 86021 Poitiers cedex, France
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Agius G, Plouzeau C, Baldauf JJ, Bretz-Grenier MF, Cochand-Priollet B, Cartier I, Dubois A, Michiels-Marzais D, Muller J, Picot R, Tartar MD, Vacher-Lavenu MC, Vincent S. [Smears, HPV tests, vaccinations: their role in the future]. Ann Pathol 2006; 26 Spec No 1:1S92-7. [PMID: 17149197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Agius
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU de Poitiers, BP 577, 86021 Poitiers cedex, France
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Agius G, Plouzeau C. Frottis, tests HPV, vaccinations : leurs rôles à l’avenir. Ann Pathol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0242-6498(06)70779-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Vallet S, Maillard A, Ferre V, Le Guillou-Guillemette H, Payan C, Agius G, Plantier J, Ruffault A. HIV-1 non-B subtypes distribution in western France: an ARVOR study. J Clin Virol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1386-6532(06)80909-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Godet C, Beby-Defaux A, Landron C, Moal GL, Becq-Giraudon B, Agius G. Concomitant disseminated herpes simplex virus type 2 infection and varicella zoster virus primoinfection in a pregnant woman. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 37:774-6. [PMID: 16191900 DOI: 10.1080/00365540410024763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We report the first case of a HSV and VZV coinfection during pregnancy. VZV infection was diagnosed by a seroconversion and PCR. HSV 2 infection was diagnosed by cell culture. The mother and the newborn received no treatment and did not develop any complication. This case report highlights the need for increased surveillance of pregnant women with herpes virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Godet
- From the Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers, France
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15
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Payan C, Roudot-Thoraval F, Marcellin P, Bled N, Duverlie G, Fouchard-Hubert I, Trimoulet P, Couzigou P, Cointe D, Chaput C, Henquell C, Abergel A, Pawlotsky JM, Hezode C, Coudé M, Blanchi A, Alain S, Loustaud-Ratti V, Chevallier P, Trepo C, Gerolami V, Portal I, Halfon P, Bourlière M, Bogard M, Plouvier E, Laffont C, Agius G, Silvain C, Brodard V, Thiefin G, Buffet-Janvresse C, Riachi G, Grattard F, Bourlet T, Stoll-Keller F, Doffoel M, Izopet J, Barange K, Martinot-Peignoux M, Branger M, Rosenberg A, Sogni P, Chaix ML, Pol S, Thibault V, Opolon P, Charrois A, Serfaty L, Fouqueray B, Grange JD, Lefrère JJ, Lunel-Fabiani F. Changing of hepatitis C virus genotype patterns in France at the beginning of the third millenium: The GEMHEP GenoCII Study. J Viral Hepat 2005; 12:405-13. [PMID: 15985012 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2005.00605.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate, during a short period between 2000 and 2001, in a large population of patients with chronic hepatitis C, the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes in France. Data from 26 referral centres, corresponding to 1769 patients with chronic hepatitis C were collected consecutively during a 6-month period. HCV genotyping in the 5'-non-coding region (NCR) was performed in each center using the line probe assay (LiPA, in 63% of cases), sequencing (25%) or primer-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (12%). HCV genotypes 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4, 5, non-subtyped 1 and mixed infection were found in 18, 27, 9, 21, 9, 3, 11 and 1% of our population, respectively. HCV genotype distribution was associated with gender, age, source and duration of infection, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, cirrhosis, alcohol consumption, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection. In multivariate analysis, only the source of infection was the independent factor significantly associated with genotype (P = 0.0001). In conclusion, this study shows a changing pattern of HCV genotypes in France, with i.v. drug abuse as the major risk factor, an increase of genotype 4, and to a lesser extent 1a and 5, and a decrease of genotypes 1b and 2. The modification of the HCV genotype pattern in France in the next 10 years may require new therapeutic strategies, and further survey studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Payan
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Angers, France.
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16
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Le Moal G, Godet C, Beby-Defaux A, Landron C, Roblot F, Becq-Giraudon B, Agius G. No evidence of improved survival in HIV elderly patients since introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Infect 2005; 50:168-70. [PMID: 15667922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2004.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Beby-Defaux A, Bourgoin A, Ragot S, Battandier D, Lemasson JM, Renaud O, Bouguermouh S, Vienne Md MDL, Agius G. Human papillomavirus infection of the cervix uteri in women attending a Health Examination Center of the French social security. J Med Virol 2004; 73:262-8. [PMID: 15122802 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.20085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Since human papillomavirus (HPV) is the central causal factor in cervical cancer, understanding the epidemiology of this infection constitutes an important step towards development of strategies for prevention. Six hundred and fifty seven cervical samples were tested for HPV using PCR with consensus primers (MY09/MY11), by genotyping (restriction and sequencing analyses) and by cervical cytology, from women who attended a Health Examination Center of the French social security. Women with no cervical smear as well as women with cytological abnormalities within the last 3 years were recruited. HPV DNA was detected in 7.3% of the women (5.3% for high-risk, 2.4% for low-risk, and 0.5% for unknown risk types) including 6 (0.9%) mixed infections. Fifteen different genotypes were detected, of which genotypes 16 (22.2%), 58 (13.0%), 18 (11.1%), 30 (9.2%), and 33 (9.2%) were the most prevalent. In age group 17-25 years, we found the highest frequencies for both any (22.1%) and high-risk (14.7%) HPV, and prevalences gradually decreased with age. 5.2% of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, 0.3% of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, and 1.2% of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance were found. The frequencies of high risk and all HPV types were significantly higher in squamous intraepithelial lesions than in those with normal and reactive/reparative changes (P < 0.0001). The prevalence of high-risk HPV in the atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance/low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion group (28.6%) was significantly higher than in the normal and reactive/reparative changes groups (3.4%) (P < 0.0001). HPV detection was associated with younger age, single marital and non-pregnant status (P < 0.0001), premenopausal status (P = 0.0004), and contraception (P = 0.0008). Marital status (OR 4.5; 95% CI = 2.3-9.0) and tobacco consumption (OR 3.0; 95% CI = 1.6-5.7) were predictive independent factors of HPV infection. The French system of Health Examination Centers might be of interest for following women regularly, especially those with a low socioeconomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Beby-Defaux
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire La Milétrie, Poitiers, France
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Danve-Szatanek C, Aymard M, Thouvenot D, Morfin F, Agius G, Bertin I, Billaudel S, Chanzy B, Coste-Burel M, Finkielsztejn L, Fleury H, Hadou T, Henquell C, Lafeuille H, Lafon ME, Le Faou A, Legrand MC, Maille L, Mengelle C, Morand P, Morinet F, Nicand E, Omar S, Picard B, Pozzetto B, Puel J, Raoult D, Scieux C, Segondy M, Seigneurin JM, Teyssou R, Zandotti C. Surveillance network for herpes simplex virus resistance to antiviral drugs: 3-year follow-up. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42:242-9. [PMID: 14715760 PMCID: PMC321677 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.42.1.242-249.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are very common in the general population and among immunocompromised patients. Acyclovir (ACV) is an effective treatment which is widely used. We deemed it essential to conduct a wide and coordinated survey of the emergence of ACV-resistant HSV strains. We have formed a network of 15 virology laboratories which have isolated and identified, between May 1999 and April 2002, HSV type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2 strains among hospitalized subjects. The sensitivity of each isolate to ACV was evaluated by a colorimetric test (C. Danve, F. Morfin, D. Thouvenot, and M. Aymard, J. Virol. Methods 105:207-217, 2002). During this study, 3900 isolated strains among 3357 patients were collected; 55% of the patients were immunocompetent. Only six immunocompetent patients excreted ACV-resistant HSV strains (0.32%), including one female patient not treated with ACV who was infected primary by an ACV-resistant strain. Among the 54 immunocompromised patients from whom ACV-resistant HSV strains were isolated (3.5%), the bone marrow transplantation patients showed the highest prevalence of resistance (10.9%), whereas among patients infected by human immunodeficiency virus, the prevalence was 4.2%. In 38% of the cases, the patients who excreted the ACV-resistant strains were treated with foscarnet (PFA), and 61% of them developed resistance to PFA. The collection of a large number of isolates enabled an evaluation of the prevalence of resistance of HSV strains to antiviral drugs to be made. This prevalence has remained stable over the last 10 years, as much among immunocompetent patients as among immunocompromised patients.
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Abstract
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) encephalitis is rare especially during pregnancy. In immunocompetent patients, HSV-2 meningitis (contrary to HSV-1 meningitis) is usually mild, without encephalitis. We report a rare case of maternal HSV-2 encephalitis following Cesarean section. The woman had no symptomatic genital lesion, and the infant was not infected. The route of meningeal infection (neuronal or hematogenous) is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Godet
- Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Jean Bernard, BP 377, 86021 Poitiers Cedex, France
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Affiliation(s)
- G Agius
- Laboratoire de virologie, centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers, hôpital Jean-Bernard, BP 577, 86021 cedex, Poitiers, France
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Beby-Defaux A, Giraudeau G, Bouguermouh S, Agius G. La grippe humaine : aspects virologiques, épidémiologie et diagnostic virologique. Med Mal Infect 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(03)00008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
Adenovirus type 7 causes worldwide respiratory tract infections, mainly in children. Severe systemic infections can occur, especially in immunocompromised patients and in patients with underlying chronic diseases. This report describes the first case of a fatal disseminated adenovirus type 7 infection in a child with Smith‐Lemli‐Opitz syndrome, a rare autosomal recessive disorder due to a primary enzymatic defect in cholesterol metabolism. Nasopharyngeal secretions and autopsy specimens including liver, lung, pleural fluid, and rectum were collected for viral culture. Adenovirus serotype 7 strains were obtained from all anatomic sites, except the liver. All these clinical isolates were analyzed using restriction endonuclease digestion of the genome, identifying them as genome type 7b, a virulent type. In this case, the fatal evolution could have been accelerated by the presence of an immunodeficiency although immunodeficiency is not included in the definition of Smith‐Lemli‐Opitz syndrome. The frequent recurrent banal infections in Smith‐Lemli‐Opitz syndrome could be prevented by a cholesterol supplementation regimen. Finally, this report emphasizes the need for efficient therapy for disseminated adenovirus infections, especially for virulent genome types. J. Med. Virol. 65:66–69, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Beby-Defaux
- Laboratory of Virology, University Hospital Center La Milétrie, Poitiers, France
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Faria C, Maille L, Beby-Defaux A, Follet-Bouhamed C, Oriot D, Agius G. [Lack of influence of viral subtype on the clinical severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection]. Arch Pediatr 2000; 7:1356-7. [PMID: 11147076 DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(00)00157-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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24
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Maille L, Beby-Defaux A, Bourgoin A, Koulmann L, Eucher V, Cardona J, Oriot D, Agius G. [Nosocomial infections due to rotavirus and respiratory syncytial virus in pediatric wards: a 2-year study]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2000; 58:601-6. [PMID: 11022103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Rotavirus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections represent up to 30% of the totality of nosocomial infections in paediatric wards. We studied the importance of these infections in the paediatric wards of the University Hospital Center of Poitiers, France, from October 1996 to September 1998. We defined as nosocomial an infection acquired after 3 days of hospitalization for rotavirus and after 7 days for RSV. The 274 cases of children presenting rotavirus gastroenteritis or RSV infection within this period were studied. Rotavirus was detected in stools by using an agglutination test and RSV was diagnosed in nasopharyngeal aspirations by direct examination with an immunofluorescence assay (IFA), cell culture and serotyping with IFA. We noted 50 rotavirus and 224 RSV infections, with a first epidemic of RSV subgroup B (49.5%) and a second epidemic of subgroup A (44.9%). 19 (38%) were rotavirus nosocomial infections and 5 (2.2%) were RSV nosocomial infections. The majority of the nosocomial infections occurred before the age of one year and particularly before the age of 6 months (42.2% for rotavirus, 60% for RSV). In comparison to community-acquired infections, children with rotavirus nosocomial infections were younger (9 months versus 12.5 months) which was the opposite for RSV nosocomial infections (10.8 months versus 6.5 months). The sex-ratio of children with community-acquired infections was 2.1 that was not reported in nosocomial infections. The length of stay in hospital was always longer in nosocomial infections (11.7 days versus 3.6 days for rotavirus; 38.8 days versus 4.8 days for RSV). Diarrhea (p = 0.007) and vomiting (p = 0.013) for enteric infections and wheezing (p = 0.02) for respiratory infections were more often observed in community-acquired infections. This study emphasizes the frequency and the consequences of rotavirus and RSV nosocomial infections in paediatric wards and the importance of the hygienic rules to prevent these infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Maille
- Laboratoire de virologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire, Hôpital Jean-Bernard, BP 577, 86021 Poitiers Cedex, France
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Melo J, Beby-Defaux A, Faria C, Guiraud G, Folgosa E, Barreto A, Agius G. HIV and HTLV prevalences among women seen for sexually transmitted diseases or pregnancy follow-up in Maputo, Mozambique. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2000; 23:203-4. [PMID: 10737436 DOI: 10.1097/00126334-200002010-00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Beby-Defaux A, Frugier F, Bourgoin A, Moynet D, Hajjar C, Sainte-Foie S, Guillemain B, Agius G. Nucleotide sequence analysis of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I pX and LTR regions from patients with sicca syndrome. J Med Virol 1999; 59:245-55. [PMID: 10459164 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9071(199910)59:2<245::aid-jmv20>3.0.co;2-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is associated with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM). Other inflammatory disorders may occur in HTLV-I-infected patients, such as sicca syndrome resembling Sjögren's syndrome. The sicca syndrome may be the unique clinical manifestation of HTLV-I infection, but is associated frequently with TSP/HAM, which could suggest that sicca syndrome might be an early event in disease progression to TSP/HAM in some cases. We investigated whether peculiar pX and LTR mutations could be related to sicca syndrome, or might argue the existence of clinical progression to TSP/HAM. pX, especially pX(I), pX(II), and pX(IV) ORFs corresponding to Tax cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes, and LTR regions from Caribbean patients who have sicca syndrome with or without TSP/HAM, ATL patients, and healthy carriers were sequenced. The sequences were aligned and compared with ATK-1 prototype and published sequences. LTR sequences exhibited 1.5-2.4% of divergence with ATK-1. pX-sequenced regions showed a lower homology within p12(I) encoding sequences. Only few mutations were found within functionally important regions, but were not associated specifically with the clinical status. Finally, no mutations that could be related to sicca syndrome or argue the existence of clinical progression to TSP/HAM were found. It would be of interest to study the clinical evolution of HTLV-I-sicca syndrome in patients and to determine HTLV-I sequences from peripheral blood and salivary glands at different stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Beby-Defaux
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie B, EA 1720 Interactions Agents Infectieux-Hôtes, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Poitiers, France
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Pourrat O, Hubert C, de Meeus J, Giraud C, Agius G. Thrombopénie gravidique due à une infection récente asymptomatique à parvovirus B19. Rev Med Interne 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0248-8663(99)80275-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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28
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Bourgoin A, Venot C, Beby A, Giraudeau G, Korenian M, Pierron D, Agius G. Etude comparative d'un ELISA et de la micro-immunofluorescence pour le titrage des IgG et des IgA anti-Chlamydia trachomatis. Med Mal Infect 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(98)80050-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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29
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Venot C, Beby A, Bourgoin A, Giraudeau G, Becq-Giraudon B, Agius G. Genital recurrent infection occurring 6 months after meningitis due to the same herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) strain evidence by restriction endonuclease analysis. J Infect 1998; 36:233-5. [PMID: 9570665 DOI: 10.1016/s0163-4453(98)80024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is more often sexually transmitted and associated with genital recurrent infection. However, HSV-2 neurological manifestations such as meningitis were already reported. We describe a case of meningitis due to HSV-2, preceded by signs suggesting a common cystitis, in a woman with no history of primary or recurrent genital infection. Six months later genital herpetic lesions occurred. One HSV-2 strain was obtained from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and another from genital lesions. The molecular comparative analysis using restriction endonuclease digestion patterns showed the similarity of the two strains. Our report illustrates that HSV-2 infections are underdiagnosed and that molecular techniques can be of value in clarifying the physiopathology of HSV diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Venot
- Laboratory of Microbiology B, University Hospital Center La Milétrie, Poitiers, France
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30
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhinoviruses (RH) are responsible for acute respiratory illnesses, mainly in the upper respiratory tract. POPULATION AND METHODS 3,152 children aged under 16 years, admitted to the Paediatrics department of the University Hospital Centre of Poitiers from January 1, 1993 to December 31, 1995 with ear, nose and throat (ENT) and/or respiratory symptoms were systematically investigated. One hundred and forty-five RH strains were isolated from nasopharyngeal secretions of 87 boys and 58 girls (mean age: 20.3 months). Among these, 92 (63.4%) were less than 1 year of age. Bacteriological investigations were done for 29 patients when a concomitant bacterial infection was suspected. RESULTS RH infection rate was maximum before 1 year of age (median age: 6.5 months) and decreased with age. RH were isolated throughout the 3 years, with a first peak from February to April, and a second one in autumn. The main symptoms were sibilants (27.6%) and cough (24.1%). Sibilants were more frequently associated in children under 12 months of age (P = 0.01). Sometimes, ophthalmologic or digestive symptoms were present. Three children with respiratory distress were transferred to the reanimation ward. In addition, a RH strain was isolated from a child who died of sudden infant death. Thirty-four children (23.4%) were co-infected by one or several viruses; the most frequently detected were the respiratory syncytial virus (41.2%) and the adenoviruses (35.3%). Twenty-nine children were infected by two viruses and five by three. Associated bacterial infections were diagnosed in 23 children, especially conjunctivitis due to Haemophilus influenzae (21.7%). Among these children, eight had a multiple viral infection. CONCLUSION RH have a limited pathogenicity but can be associated with serious illnesses among infants and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Pierrès-Surer
- Laboratoire de microbiologie B, CHU la Milétrie, Poitiers, France
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31
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Venot C, Texereau M, Le Guenno B, Bourgoin A, Beby A, Breux J, Agius G. Un cas de dengue d'importation à forme hémorragique en France métropolitaine. Med Mal Infect 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(97)80237-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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32
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Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a common medical emergency and a frequent cause of deliberate or accidental death. It can cause acute and chronic central nervous system damage which may be minimised by prompt treatment with 100% oxygen or hyperbaric oxygen therapy. However, recognition of this intoxication can be difficult. Failure to diagnose it may have disastrous effects on the patient, and other members of the household who could subsequently become intoxicated. Guidance on the correct diagnosis of this condition is provided in the light of a number of studies screening emergency room populations. Guidelines for treatment with hyperbaric oxygen therapy are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Balzan
- Department of Medicine, St Luke's Hospital, Guardamangia, Malta
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Rodier MH, Berthonneau J, Bourgoin A, Giraudeau G, Agius G, Burucoa C, Hekpazo A, Jacquemin JL. Seroprevalences of Toxoplasma, malaria, rubella, cytomegalovirus, HIV and treponemal infections among pregnant women in Cotonou, Republic of Benin. Acta Trop 1995; 59:271-7. [PMID: 8533662 DOI: 10.1016/0001-706x(95)00087-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Seroprevalences for toxoplasmosis, malaria, rubella, cytomegalovirus, HIV and treponemal infections were evaluated among 211 pregnant women residing in the Cotonou area, Republic of Benin. One hundred and thirteen women (53.6%) had toxoplasma antibodies, 185 (87.7%) malaria antibodies and 181 (85.8%) rubella antibodies. Among the 205 (97.2%) women with cytomegalovirus antibodies, 6 presented recent or current infection. No HIV seropositivity was detected. Five (2.4%) of these women had a positive treponematosis serology corresponding to previous infection or reinfection. These results were compared with previous studies conducted in Africa. Routine serological screening should be recommended in young age and in pregnancy for rubella, only in pregnant women for HIV and toxoplasma infections, in order to control their possible consequences on women and newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Rodier
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie et Epidémiologie Tropicale, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers, France
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34
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Dupuis P, Beby A, Bourgoin A, Lussier-Bonneau MD, Agius G. [Epidemic of viral gastroenteritis in an elderly community]. Presse Med 1995; 24:356-8. [PMID: 7899406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Rotaviruses and adenoviruses are the main aetiologic pathogens of gastroenteritis in infants. Adults may also be concerned with usually mild clinical symptoms. An epidemic of viral gastroenteritis occurred in a long-term hospitalization ward from July 25 to August 21, 1991: 101 patients. This study involved 26 females and 6 males with a mean age of 86 years (range 70-101 years), presenting clinical symptoms of gastroenteritis. The clinical attack rate was 27.7%. Outcome was favourable for the majority of patients who recovered in 4-5 days. The main clinical signs were diarrhoea (90.6%), hyperthermia (18.8%) and vomiting (18.8%). Virology investigations gave the diagnosis of 8 rotavirus infections, 6 adenovirus infections and 2 rotavirus and adenovirus mixed infections. Among staff members, 3 rotavirus and one adenovirus infections were diagnosed. The precise origin of the epidemic could not be determined from rotavirus electropherotypes obtained from stools of elderly and paediatric patients hospitalized during the same period. This outbreak recalls the viral involvement in diarrhoeal episodes of elderly people. These episodes of viral gastroenteritis are responsible for high morbidity in the elderly and may upset a precarious physiological state.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Dupuis
- Service de Microbiologie B, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers
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Agius G, Degand F, Hérissé J, Bourgoin A, Beby A, Gandon P. Suspected transmission of eczema herpeticum in a thermal bath establishment. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1994; 13:1084-6. [PMID: 7889977 DOI: 10.1007/bf02111836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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36
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Brizard A, Brizard F, Babin P, Agius G, Delwail V, Guilhot F, Tanzer J. Unclassifiable high grade malignant T-cell lymphoma with clonal evolution. Leuk Lymphoma 1994; 13:349-52. [PMID: 8049654 DOI: 10.3109/10428199409056300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of leukemic malignant T-cell lymphoma with mixed small and large cells. The small cells displayed a mature CD8-positive phenotype, a diploid DNA distribution by cell cycle analysis, and structural karyotypic abnormalities. Large cells were near triploid, showed additional structural cytogenetic abnormalities and a more immature membrane phenotype without CD8 expression. Altogether, these data provide suggestive evidence for a clonal evolution from a mature small cell T-cell lymphoma to a more immature large cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Brizard
- Département d'Hématologie et Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Poitiers, France
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Dindinaud G, Potiron G, Agius G, Ferron V, Burucoa C, Bourgoin A, Grollier G, Peletier MP, Perivier E, Castets M. Influenza epidemic among a community of elderly people in spite of vaccination. Eur J Epidemiol 1993; 9:667-70. [PMID: 8150072 DOI: 10.1007/bf00211444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
An outbreak of influenza occurred in a nursing home of 81 vaccinated elderly people. The clinical attack rate was 73%. The responsibility of an A/H3N2 strain was proved in 12 patients and 2 staff members of the 15 investigated persons. The vaccine was effective in reducing mortality but not morbidity. An antigenic drift between the wild and the vaccine strains was involved in the inefficiency of the vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Dindinaud
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie B, Hôpital La Milétrie, Poitiers, France
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38
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Kolesnitchenko V, Agius G, Zagury JF, Laaroubi K, Achour A, Castets M, Zagury D. Polymerase chain reaction amplified HTLV-I, HIV-1 and HIV-2 DNA fragments in subjects with mixed retroviral infections. J Med Microbiol 1993; 38:328-36. [PMID: 8387601 DOI: 10.1099/00222615-38-5-328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from eight patients from the Ivory Coast with positive screening test results for retroviral infections were studied by serology (ELISA, Western blot (WB), synthetic peptide test), cell co-culture, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Two HIV-2 infections with indeterminate interpretation on HIV-1 WB were detected, two were clear dual HIV-1/HIV-2 infections, three were ambiguous mixed HIV-1/HIV-2 infections, and one was a triple retroviral infection by HTLV-I, HIV-1 and HIV-2. Four slow/low HIV-1 strains were isolated at the expense of HTLV-I and HIV-2 strains. The ELISA tests were found to be very sensitive. Indeterminate WB interpretations were frequent (HTLV-I, four; HIV-1, three; HIV-2, two). PCR provided clear evidence of multiple retroviral infections in three cases and enabled interpretation of indeterminate WB samples in three cases. One sample presented a puzzling pattern with positive PCR results for HIV-1 and HIV-2 associated with negative or indeterminate serological results. Thus, our data emphasise the need to analyse serological as well as virological markers to gain better insight on mixed retroviral infections, especially in endemic areas such as West Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kolesnitchenko
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
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40
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Mettey R, Agius G, Cessans C. [Necrotizing enterocolitis in a premature infant]. Med Mal Infect 1991; 21:608-609. [PMID: 38620191 PMCID: PMC7141009 DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(05)81185-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of necrotizing enterocolitis in a 30 weeks old premature infant fed with breast milk. No ischemic etiology was present. Bacteriological and parasitological investigations were found to be negative. Only, a positive latex agglutination test for Adenoviruses was detected in stools collected the day of the bloody diarrhea. Detailed microbiological examinations are emphasized by this unusual finding because the role of pathogens in this disease deserves further understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mettey
- Clinique Médicale des Enfants, CHU La Milétrie, BP 577, F-86021 Poitiers cedex, France
| | - G Agius
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie B, CHU La Milétrie, BP 577, F-86021 Poitiers cedex, France
| | - C Cessans
- Clinique Médicale des Enfants, CHU La Milétrie, BP 577, F-86021 Poitiers cedex, France
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41
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de Rautlin de la Roy Y, Grollier G, Agius G, Borion N. Determination of Pseudomonas aeruginosa susceptibility to aminoglycosides using API and Autobac semi-automated systems. J Antimicrob Chemother 1991; 27:868-70. [PMID: 1938698 DOI: 10.1093/jac/27.6.868-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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42
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Abstract
A closed sterile prefilled humidifier ('Aquapak 310') and a multiple-use humidifier ('Nebal 2') were evaluated in hospital departments to determine their susceptibility to bacterial contamination and cost. No bacterial contamination was found in the 389 samples of 'Aquapak 310' water. However, 54/164 (32.9%) samples of 'Nebal 2' water were found to be contaminated. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the bacterium most often isolated. The cost analysis was highly influenced by the average use time. In the haemodialysis and respiratory medicine departments the average use times for the 'Aquapak 310' +/- SD were 61.6 +/- 36.2 days and 4.1 +/- 1.7 days, respectively. Using the 'Aquapak 310' system, there was a 51% financial saving in the haemodialysis department but a 2% loss in the respiratory medicine department. In these two departments we found a similar cost saving as far as staff time was concerned (88% vs. 89%). The major difference came from the cost of consumables: 26% saving in the haemodialysis department vs. 70% loss in the respiratory medicine department. Use of the prefilled sterile humidifiers represents a three-fold benefit, a lower infection risk for the patient, an important financial saving in the haemodialysis department and a decreased staff work load.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Castel
- Laboratory of Microbiology A, University Hospital Center, Poitiers, France
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43
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Cisse MF, Agius G, Dindinaud G, Samb A, Castets M. [Anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies in Africans with leprosy]. Presse Med 1990; 19:1989. [PMID: 2149601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Agius G, Kolesnitchenko V, Snart R, Zagury JF, Laaroubi K, Zagury D. Variable stringency hybridization of polymerase chain reaction amplified HIV-1 DNA fragments. J Virol Methods 1990; 30:141-50. [PMID: 2262532 DOI: 10.1016/0166-0934(90)90015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
DNA isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HIV-1 seropositive individuals was used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of gag and envelope regions. Eight aliquots of the amplified DNA fragments have been subjected to Southern/dot blot analysis, hybridizing with 32P-labelled-BH10 (HIV-1 strain IIIB) at low stringency. After the filters had been autoradiographed, they were cut so that each hybridized band/dot could be subject to variable stringency washing using various ionic concentrations at a fixed temperature. The filter was reconstructed so that the effect of the variable stringency wash might be visualized following a second exposure to Kodak film. The level of activity for each band/dot was measured by counting the 32P or by densitometry analysis of the photographic record. The results allow a plot to be made of the decrease in bound radioactivity against ionic strength. By comparison with a standard curve obtained for HIV-1 strain IIIB amplified fragments subject to similar hybridization and analysis, an estimation of the degree of nucleotide mismatch relative to the BH10 DNA probe can be obtained. The technique provides a rapid means of characterizing PCR amplified fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Agius
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
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Dindinaud G, Vaillant V, Cisse M, Agius G, Ranger S, Fauconneau B, Depond J, Castets M. Enquete Sero-Epidemiologique De La Fievre Q En Charente. Med Mal Infect 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(05)80152-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Villemonteix P, Agius G, Ducroz B, Rouffineau J, Plocoste V, Castets M, Magnin G. Pregnancy complicated by severe Chlamydia psittaci infection acquired from a goat flock: a case report. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1990; 37:91-4. [PMID: 2198179 DOI: 10.1016/0028-2243(90)90101-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Villemonteix
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Centre Hospitalier La Milétrie, Poitiers, France
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Zagury JF, Josephs SF, Agius G, Nicol I, Willer A, Kalyanaraman VS, Zagury D, Wong-Staal F, Gallo RC. In vitro characterization of a biologically active molecular clone of HIV-2NIH-Z containing a nef deletion and expressing a full-length transmembrane protein. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1990; 6:1079-85. [PMID: 2265026 DOI: 10.1089/aid.1990.6.1079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously described the cloning and sequencing of a novel stain of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) called HIV-2NIH-Z. A plasmid clone, pHIV2Z, containing the full-length provirus has now been constructed, and virus particles have been obtained upon transfection into COS-1 and H-9 cells. These particles can infect a number of T-cell lines and exert a cytopathic effect on fresh human and macaque peripheral blood lymphocytes. The cloned virus is biologically and morphologically indistinguishable from its parental uncloned strain as shown by restriction enzyme analysis, electron microscopy, and kinetics of infection. However, as shown by radioimmunoprecipitation assays, the cloned virus-infected cells express a full-length gp41 protein as predicted by the nucleotide sequence, whereas the wild-type parental strain expresses a truncated gp33 protein. Both the parental strain and the cloned virus possess a deletion encompassing the end of the nef gene within the U3 region which apparently does not affect their in vitro cytopathic and replicative capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Zagury
- Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
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Castel O, Grollier G, Agius G, Toullat G, de Rautlin de la Roy Y. Evaluation of two media for antibiotic susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria using the receiver operating characteristic procedure. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1990; 9:667-71. [PMID: 2226495 DOI: 10.1007/bf01964269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Wilkins-Chalgren agar and Meat-Yeast agar were evaluated as media for antibiotic susceptibility testing using 112 anaerobic bacterial strains. The results obtained with the two media using the diffusion method were compared with those obtained by the dilution method as reference method. The results were analyzed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) procedure allowing a graphic representation of sensitivity and specificity of the technique for each cut-off value. The area under the ROC curves was calculated to compare the accuracy of the two methods. Six antibiotics were tested including amoxicillin, cefoxitin, piperacillin, doxycycline and clindamycin. For amoxicillin and clindamycin, the two methods showed a high and identical discriminative power for distinguishing susceptible bacteria from the others. Diffusion in Wilkins-Chalgren agar appeared better than diffusion in Meat-Yeast agar for separating resistant bacteria from bacteria of intermediate susceptibility (amoxicillin p less than 0.005; clindamycin p less than 0.04). For other drugs, diffusion in Wilkins-Chalgren agar always had a discriminative power higher than that obtained with diffusion in Meat-Yeast agar for separating susceptible bacteria from the others (cefoxitin p less than 0.0005; piperacillin p less than 0.02; doxycycline p less than 0.05). The Wilkins-Chalgren agar medium thus appeared superior to the Meat-Yeast agar medium using the ROC evaluation method, which would deserve wider utilization in the field of microbiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Castel
- Laboratory of Microbiology, University Hospital Centre, Poitiers, France
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Agius G, Dindinaud G, Biggar RJ, Peyre R, Vaillant V, Ranger S, Poupet JY, Cisse MF, Castets M. An epidemic of respiratory syncytial virus in elderly people: clinical and serological findings. J Med Virol 1990; 30:117-27. [PMID: 2179469 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.1890300208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In 1984-1985, an outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection occurred in two geriatric wards. Among 68 patients (mean age +/- SD = 82.5 +/- 12.5 with respiratory signs, 52 had signs caused by RSV infection. Among all patients, the clinical and serological attack rates were 61.2% and 75.0%, respectively. The most frequent clinical presentation was intensive coughing (96.1%) and fever (96.1%) associated with expectorate (63.5%). The duration of the respiratory symptoms was 5 to 7 days. The disease gradually resolved, although in eight (15.4%) patients complications occurred. For periods of up to 1 year after infection, 172 sera were obtained and tested by complement fixation test (CFT), fluorescent assays for titrating specific IgG, IgA, and IgM, and Western blotting. Specific IgM appeared in six (11.5%) of the infected patients and peaked 2 to 6 months after infection, and there was no significant correlation with severity of clinical symptoms. However, higher peak G and A antibody responses were observed in persons with rales (CFT: P = 0.008; IgG: P = 0.042; IgA: P = 0.020), cough (IgG: P = 0.034), sputum (IgG: P = 0.030), dyspnea (CFT: P = 0.024), conjunctivitis (CFT: P = 0.025), and bronchitis (CFT: P = 0.018). The temporal patterns of IgA and CFT results were found to be similar, whereas IgG peaked later, i.e., between 2 and 6 months. The patients with the most severe symptoms had the highest antibody titers obtained by conventional tests and by Western blots. Thus, RSV can be an epidemic pathogen among elderly persons, although this illness is usually mild.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Agius
- Laboratory of Microbiology B, C.H.U. La Milétrie, Poitiers, France
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Agius G, Vaillant V, Dindinaud G, Bazillou M, Zagury JF, Kolesnitchenko V, Castets M. HTLV-I, HIV-1 and HIV-2 seroprevalences in Guadeloupe, French West Indies. Eur J Epidemiol 1989; 5:532-3. [PMID: 2606184 DOI: 10.1007/bf00140153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Agius
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie B, Hôpital La Milétrie, Poitiers, France
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