1
|
Imaizumi N, Gondaira S, Kamioka M, Sugiura T, Eguchi A, Nishi K, Fujiki J, Iwano H, Higuchi H. Innate immune response of bovine mammary epithelial cells in Mycoplasma bovis mastitis using an in vitro model of bovine mammary gland infection. J Vet Med Sci 2024:24-0097. [PMID: 38710622 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.24-0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma bovis mastitisis highly contagious and disrupts lactation, posing a significant threat to the dairy industry. While the mammary gland's defence mechanism involves epithelial cells and mononuclear cells (MNC), their interaction with M. bovis remains incompletely understood. In this study, we assessed the immunological reactivity of bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMEC) to M. bovis through co-culture with MNC. Upon co-culture with MNC, the mRNA expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1β,IL-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in bMEC stimulated by M. bovis showed a significant increase compared to monoculture. Additionally, when stimulated with M. bovis, the culture supernatant exhibited significantly higher concentrations of IL-6 and interferon (IFN)-γ, while IL-1β concentration tended to be higher in co-culture with MNC than in monoculture. Furthermore, the mRNA expression levels of toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 in bMEC stimulated with M. bovis tended to increase, and TLR4 significantly increased when co-cultured with MNC compared to monocultures. However, the surface expression levels in bMEC did not exhibit significant changes between co-culture and monoculture. Overall, our research indicates that the inflammatory response of bMEC is increased during co-culture with MNC, suggesting that the interaction between bMEC and MNC in the mammary gland amplifies the immune response to M. bovis in cows affected by M. bovis mastitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Imaizumi
- Animal Health Unit, Graduate school of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medicine Doctoral Course, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Satoshi Gondaira
- Animal Health Unit, Graduate school of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medicine Doctoral Course, Rakuno Gakuen University
- Animal Health Unit, Department of Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Marin Kamioka
- Animal Health Unit, Department of Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Tomochika Sugiura
- Theriogenology Unit, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Ayako Eguchi
- Animal Health Unit, Department of Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Koji Nishi
- Animal Health Unit, Department of Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
- Monbetsu Veterinary Clinic, Hokkaido Agricultural Mutual Aid Association
| | - Jumpei Fujiki
- Veterinary Biochemistry Unit, Department of Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Veterinary Biochemistry Unit, Department of Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Hidetoshi Higuchi
- Animal Health Unit, Graduate school of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medicine Doctoral Course, Rakuno Gakuen University
- Animal Health Unit, Department of Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ieko T, Fujiki J, Hasegawa Y, Iwasaki T, Iwano H, Maeda N. Mechanism of skeletal muscle atrophy by muscle fiber types in male rats under long-term fasting stress. Steroids 2023; 200:109328. [PMID: 37863411 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Fasting induces metabolic changes in muscles, which are differentiated by muscle fiber type. In this study, the mechanism of fasting-induced muscle atrophy in rats was examined to determine the differences between muscle fiber types in energy production. Fasting for 96 h did not alter the weight of the soleus (SOL), a fiber type I muscle, but did significantly reduce the weight of gastrocnemius (GM), a fiber type II muscle. GM, SOL and blood pregnenolone and testosterone levels decreased under fasting, which induced energy deprivation, whereas corticosterone (CORT) levels significantly increased. However, the expression of 3β-HSD and P45011β in GM was unaffected by fasting. The decrease in GM weight may be due to decreased levels of testosterone and reduced synthesis of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Significant increases in CORT both GM and SOL were associated with increases in the amount of branched-chain amino acids available for energy production. However, decreased levels of mTOR and IGF1 and increased levels of CORT and IL-6 in SOL suggest that GM proteolysis was followed by SOL proteolysis for additional energy production. In conclusion, IGF1 levels decreased significantly in SOL, whereas those of IL-6 significantly increased in SOL and blood but decreased in GM. Blood branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) levels were unaffected due to fasting, whereas an increase was noted in the levels of BCAA in GM and SOL. These results show that fasting for 96 h restricts energy supply, producing fast-twitch muscle atrophy followed by slow-twitch muscle atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Ieko
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Jumpei Fujiki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Hasegawa
- Laboratory of Meat Science, Department of Food Science and Human Wellness, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Tomohito Iwasaki
- Laboratory of Meat Science, Department of Food Science and Human Wellness, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Maeda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; Laboratory of Meat Science, Department of Food Science and Human Wellness, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fujiki J, Nakamura K, Nakamura T, Iwano H. Fitness Trade-Offs between Phage and Antibiotic Sensitivity in Phage-Resistant Variants: Molecular Action and Insights into Clinical Applications for Phage Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15628. [PMID: 37958612 PMCID: PMC10650657 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, phage therapy has been overshadowed by the widespread use of antibiotics in Western countries. However, it has been revitalized as a powerful approach due to the increasing prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Although bacterial resistance to phages has been reported in clinical cases, recent studies on the fitness trade-offs between phage and antibiotic resistance have revealed new avenues in the field of phage therapy. This strategy aims to restore the antibiotic susceptibility of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, even if phage-resistant variants develop. Here, we summarize the basic virological properties of phages and their applications within the context of antimicrobial resistance. In addition, we review the occurrence of phage resistance in clinical cases, and examine fitness trade-offs between phage and antibiotic sensitivity, exploring the potential of an evolutionary fitness cost as a countermeasure against phage resistance in therapy. Finally, we discuss future strategies and directions for phage-based therapy from the aspect of fitness trade-offs. This approach is expected to provide robust options when combined with antibiotics in this era of phage 're'-discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jumpei Fujiki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Keisuke Nakamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
- Phage Therapy Institute, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8050, Japan
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
- Phage Therapy Institute, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8050, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Usui M, Akiyoshi M, Fukuda A, Iwano H, Kato T. 16S rRNA nanopore sequencing for rapid diagnosis of causative bacteria in bovine mastitis. Res Vet Sci 2023; 161:45-49. [PMID: 37321010 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The rapid identification of specific bacterial pathogens in bovine mastitis is crucial for appropriate antimicrobial treatment. Sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons is a proven, useful strategy for diagnosing bacterial infections. In this study, the use of 16S rRNA analysis with nanopore sequencer for the rapid identification of causative bacteria in bovine mastitis, was evaluated. DNA was extracted from 122 milk samples from cattle with suspected mastitis based on clinical symptoms. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was conducted using a nanopore sequencer. The efficacy of bacterial identification was verified by comparison with conventional culture methods. Nanopore sequencing identified the causative bacteria with high accuracy within approximately 6 h from the time of sample collection. When the major causative bacteria of bovine mastitis (Escherichia coli, Streptcoccus uberis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus) were detected by nanopore sequencing, 98.3% of the results were consistent with identification through conventional culturing methods. 16S rRNA gene analysis using a nanopore sequencer enabled the rapid and accurate identification of bacterial species in bovine mastitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Usui
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan.
| | - Misaki Akiyoshi
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Akira Fukuda
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, 582 Midorimachi, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Toshihide Kato
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kawai K, Kurumisawa T, Shinozuka Y, Higuchi H, Iwano H, Hayashi T, Ozawa M, Koike R, Uchiyama M. Antimicrobial susceptibility of bovine clinical mastitis pathogens in Japan and development of a simplified agar disk diffusion method for clinical practice. J Vet Med Sci 2023; 85:143-148. [PMID: 36543185 PMCID: PMC10017299 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the antimicrobial susceptibility of bovine mastitis pathogens in Japan and develop criteria for testing antimicrobial susceptibility using the simplified agar disk diffusion (ADD) method that is currently being used in clinical practice. Milk samples from 1,349 dairy cows with clinical mastitis were collected and cultured. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the antimicrobials were determined for 504 strains of 28 bacteria. Of the gram-positive bacteria, most Staphylococcus spp. were susceptible to penicillin G (PCG), kanamycin (KM), oxytetracycline (OTC), cefazolin (CEZ), pirlimycin, enrofloxacin, and marbofloxacin. Streptococcus spp. and Trueperella pyogenes showed resistance to OTC and KM. Most gram-negative bacteria were resistant to OTC and CEZ and particularly susceptible to fluoroquinolones. To develop the criteria for a disk diffusion test of the simplified ADD method, the relationships between MICs and diameters of inhibition zones (DIZs) were analyzed and compared with the conventional method. The susceptibility breakpoints of several antimicrobials were lower for both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Particularly for gram-positive bacteria, the application of the new criteria lowers the breakpoint for PCG, suggesting that the use of PCG instead of CEZ may increase. The results suggest that use of these criteria for the simplified ADD method may lead to appropriate antimicrobial choice and consequently the appropriate use of antimicrobials in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Kawai
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan.,Azabu University Mastitis Research Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kurumisawa
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan.,Azabu University Mastitis Research Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasunori Shinozuka
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan.,Azabu University Mastitis Research Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Higuchi
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tomohito Hayashi
- National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Manao Ozawa
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoji Koike
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Uchiyama
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fujiki J, Uchida M, Tsunoda S, Maeda N, Inoue H, Yokota H, Iwano H. Bisphenol A-sulfate conjugate disrupts AURKA transcription and cell cycle in BeWo cytotrophoblasts. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 545:111561. [PMID: 35041905 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) has been shown to exhibit various toxic effects, including the induction of reproductive disorders. Generally, BPA is converted to conjugated metabolites, leading to bio-inactivation. On the other hand, the toxicity of conjugated metabolites is not fully understood. Notably, the placenta develops the sulfate-sulfatase pathway, which transports and reactivates sulfated steroids. Therefore, we investigated the potential adverse effects of the BPA-sulfate conjugate (BPA-S) on human placenta-derived BeWo cytotrophoblasts. In the present study, high-concentration BPA-S (100 μM) induced significant inhibition of BeWo growth, with effects similar to those seen with unconjugated BPA (100 μM and 100 nM). This growth inhibition was restored by treatment of the cells with an inhibitor of the organic anion-transporting peptides (OATPs) (bromosulphophthalein) or with a sulfatase (STS) inhibitor (STX64). BeWo exhibits expression of the genes encoding OATP1A2 and OATP4A1 as known sulfated steroid transporters and STS, suggesting that BPA-S suppresses cell growth activity via the sulfate-sulfatase pathway. In addition, cell cycle analysis revealed that BPA-S (100 μM) increased the fraction of cytotrophoblasts in the G2/M phases and significantly decreased the accumulation of the transcript encoding Aurora kinase A (AURKA), which is a critical regulator of cellular division. These results suggested that BPA-S triggers cell cycle arrest and inhibits proliferation of BeWo cytotrophoblasts by decreased AURKA, an effect that is mediated by the sulfate-sulfatase pathway. Overall, these findings provide insights into the reactivation of sulfated endocrine-disrupting chemicals and subsequent adverse effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jumpei Fujiki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan.
| | - Megumi Uchida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Sakurako Tsunoda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Maeda
- Laboratory of Meat Science and Technology, Department of Food Science and Human Wellness, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroki Inoue
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yokota
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Murayama M, Iwano H, Obokata M, Harada T, Omote K, Tsujinaga S, Chiba Y, Ishizaka S, Motoi K, Nakabachi M, Nishino H, Yokoyama S, Nishida M, Kurabayashi M, Anzai T. Two-dimensional echocardiographic scoring system of the left ventricular filling pressure and clinical outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab289.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
Introduction
Elevated left ventricular (LV) filling pressure in non-decompensated state is a powerful indicator of worse clinical outcomes in heart failure regardless of LV ejection fraction. However, its detection is often challenging in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).
Purpose
This study aimed to elucidate the predictive value of recently proposed echocardiographic parameter of LV filling pressure, Visually assessed time difference between the Mitral valve and Tricuspid valve opening (VMT) score in HFpEF.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 310 well-differentiated HFpEF patients in stable conditions. Using two-dimensional echocardiographic images, time sequence of opening of mitral valve and tricuspid valve was visually assessed in the apical four-chamber view and scored to 0 to 2 (0: tricuspid valve first, 1: simultaneous, 2: mitral valve first). When the inferior vena cava diameter was dilated, 1 point was added and VMT score was calculated as four grades from 0 to 3. Based on the previous study, VMT≥2 was regarded as a sign of elevated LV filling pressure (Figure 1). LV diastolic function was graded according to the guidelines. The primary endpoint was defined as a composite of cardiac death and heart failure hospitalisation during the two years after echocardiographic examination.
Results
During the follow-up period, 55 events (18%) occurred, including four cardiac deaths and 51 heart failure hospitalisations. Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated that VMT≥2 (n = 54) was associated with worse outcomes compared to patients showing VMT ≤ 1 (n = 256) (log-rank test P <0.001). Furthermore, VMT≥2 was associated with worse outcomes when tested in 100 HFpEF patients with atrial fibrillation (log-rank test P = 0.026) (Figure 2). In the adjusted model including age, systolic blood pressure, serum albumin level, and the LV diastolic function grading, VMT≥2 was independently associated with the primary outcome (hazard ratio: 2.23; 95% confidence interval: 1.17 to 4.24, P = 0.014). Additionally, the nested regression model showed that VMT scoring provided an incremental prognostic value over clinically relevant variables (age, sex, the plasma brain natriuretic peptide level, atrial fibrillation) and LV diastolic function grading (chi-square 10.8 vs 16.3, P = 0.035).
Conclusions
In patients with HFpEF, the VMT score was independently and incrementally associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Moreover, it discriminated worse clinical outcome even in HFpEF patients with atrial fibrillation. Abstract Figure. VMT scoring Abstract Figure. Kaplan-Meier analysis
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Murayama
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Diagnostic Center for Sonography, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Iwano
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Obokata
- Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - T Harada
- Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - K Omote
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Tsujinaga
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Y Chiba
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Ishizaka
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Motoi
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Nakabachi
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Diagnostic Center for Sonography, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Nishino
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Diagnostic Center for Sonography, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Yokoyama
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Diagnostic Center for Sonography, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Nishida
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Diagnostic Center for Sonography, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Kurabayashi
- Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - T Anzai
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Aoyagi H, Tsujinaga S, Iwano H, Ishizaka S, Tamaki Y, Motoi K, Chiba Y, Murayama M, Nakabachi M, Nishino H, Yokoyama S, Sato T, Kaga S, Nagai T, Anzai T. Pathophysiological mechanism of worsened clinical outcome by lowered left ventricular cardiac power output in heart failure. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab289.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
Cardiac power output (CPO) is a measure of cardiac pumping function, and CPO during exercise is known to be a powerful prognostic marker of heart failure. Despite its prognostic significance, pathophysiological mechanism of the association between reduced CPO and worse clinical outcome is unknown. We hypothesized that reduced CPO is associated with worse outcome through the reduced exercise capacity and enhanced ventilatory response.
Methods
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing and exercise stress echocardiography were performed in consecutive 64 patients with chronic heart failure who admitted to our department for the management of heart failure [60 ± 14 years old, left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction 39 ± 16%, ischemic etiology 16%, brain natriuretic peptide 124 pg/ml (51-313)]. Peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2) and the lowest minute ventilation / carbon dioxide production ratio (VE/VCO2) were measured as a parameter of exercise tolerance and that of ventilatory response, respectively. LV ejection fraction was measured by disk summation method at peak exercise. By using Doppler images, E/e" at peak exercise was measured as a marker of LV filling pressure, and CPO normalized by LV mass was obtained as 0.222 × cardiac output × mean blood pressure / LV mass [W/100 g]. Cardiac events defined as hospitalization for heart failure, cardiac death, or implantation of a LV assist device after the examinations were recorded.
Results
CPO at rest was weakly correlated with peak VO2 (r = 0.25, p = 0.046) but not with VE/VCO2. In contrast, CPO at peak exercise was positively correlated with peak VO2 (r = 0.50, p < 0.001) and inversely correlated with VE/VCO2 (r=-0.40, p = 0.002). Moreover, CPO at peak exercise determined both peak VO2 (b = 0.50) and VE/VCO2 (β=-0.54) independently of LV ejection fraction and E/e" at peak exercise. During a median follow-up period of 1211 days, 12 cardiac events were observed. Each of reduced peak VO2 (hazard ratio 0.78, 95% confidence interval 0.66-0.90) and increased VE/VCO2 (hazard ratio 1.10, 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.18) was associated with worse clinical outcome.
Conclusions
In patients with chronic heart failure, CPO during exercise was associated with prognosis of heart failure through the reduced exercise capacity and enhanced ventilatory response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Aoyagi
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - H Iwano
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Y Tamaki
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Motoi
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Y Chiba
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Murayama
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Nakabachi
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Nishino
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Yokoyama
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Sato
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Kaga
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Nagai
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Anzai
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yamamura F, Sugiura T, Munby M, Shiokura Y, Murata R, Nakamura T, Fujiki J, Iwano H. Relationship between Escherichia coli virulence factors, notably kpsMTII, and symptoms of clinical metritis and endometritis in dairy cows. J Vet Med Sci 2022; 84:420-428. [PMID: 35082195 PMCID: PMC8983293 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Escherichia coli is a commensal bacterium of the bovine vaginal microbiota, it is an important pathogenic bacterium that causes diseases of the reproductive tract and sub-fertility. Recent studies have focused on virulence factors (VFs) of intrauterine E. coli; however, actual endometrial VFs have not been clearly identified. The purpose of this study was to identify the VFs of E. coli associated with clinical metritis and endometritis. Thirty-two strains of E. coli and four mixed Trueperella pyogenes (TP) strains were detected in the uterus of 19 Holstein dairy cows with obvious clinical signs (between 8 and 66 days postpartum). The presence of six E. coli VFs (fimH, fyuA, kpsMTII, hra1, csgA, and astA) was examined by PCR, and clinical signs and reproductive performance (mixed TP, the percentage of polymorphonuclear neutrophils [PMN%], days to uterine involution, etc.) were evaluated. Four VFs (fimH, hra1, csgA, and astA) were detected in all E. coli strains, whereas fyuA and kpsMTII were detected in 94% and 50% of strains, respectively. Cows with E. coli strains harboring kpsMTII exhibited significantly severe clinical scores (vaginal discharge score, PMN%, uterine involution), suggesting that kpsMTII is a key VF for progression of clinical metritis and endometritis. In the present study, we clearly identified six VFs associated with clinical metritis and endometritis. In addition, E. coli strains with kpsMTII probably play a crucial role in the progression of clinical metritis and endometritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuminosuke Yamamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Tomochika Sugiura
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Montgomery Munby
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Yusei Shiokura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Ryo Murata
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Tomohiro Nakamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Jumpei Fujiki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Takenaka S, Kobayashi Y, Nagai T, Kato Y, Komoriyama H, Nagano N, Kamiya K, Konishi T, Sato T, Omote K, Tada A, Iwano H, Kusano K, Ishibashi-Ueda H, Anzai T. Applicability of the AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation in Japanese patients with cardiac sarcoidosis. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.0689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease that affects multiple organs. Cardiac involvement is a key determinant of poor clinical outcomes in the patients with sarcoidosis, as it causes congestive heart failure, conduction abnormalities, ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation (VT/VF), and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Although implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are used to prevent SCD from VT/VF in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis (CS), the generalizability of the AHA/ACC/HRS guidelines for the Japanese CS patients remains unclear.
Purpose
We aimed to assess, among Japanese patients with CS, the ICD recommendations from the 2017 AHA/ACC/HRS Guidelines for Management of Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death.
Methods
We examined 188 consecutive patients with CS in two tertiary hospitals between 1979 and 2020. The primary outcome was defined as a composite outcome involving SCD or ventricular arrhythmic events. Ventricular arrhythmic events were defined as either emergency treatment for VF or sustained VT, which included appropriate ICD therapy.
Results
During a median follow-up period of 5.68 (IQR: 4.87–6.70) years, the primary outcome occurred in 44 patients (23%), which included 6 cases of SCD and 38 cases of VT/VF. ICD implant was indicated based on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of ≤35% (class I recommendation) in 62 patients, with an annualized event rate of 3.93%. A LVEF of >35% with a need for a permanent pacemaker (class IIa recommendation) was observed for 53 patients, with an annualized event rate of 2.54%. A LVEF of >35% with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) during cardiovascular magnetic resonance (class IIa recommendation) was observed for 62 patients, with an annualized event rate of 2.38% (Figure A). Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed that patients with a class I recommendation for ICD implantation had a significant higher incidence of the primary outcome, compared to patients with a class IIa recommendation and patients with no indication for ICD implantation (P=0.03). However, there were no significant differences in the incidence of the primary outcome between patients with a LVEF of >35% and a need for a permanent pacemaker and patients with a class I recommendation (P=0.08) or patients with a LVEF of ≤35% (P=0.31). Moreover, there was no significant difference in the incidence of the primary outcome between patients with a LVEF of >35% and LGE on cardiovascular magnetic resonance and patients with a class I recommendation (P=0.054) or patients with a LVEF of ≤35% (P=0.22) (Figure B).
Conclusions
The American guideline recommendations for ICD implantation might be applicable to Japanese patients with CS. Implantation of an ICD may need to be considered in these patients if they require a permanent pacemaker or have LGE, regardless of LVEF.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - T Nagai
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Y Kato
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - N Nagano
- Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Kamiya
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - T Sato
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Omote
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - A Tada
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Iwano
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Kusano
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - H Ishibashi-Ueda
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Anzai
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kawai K, Kondo Y, Shinozuka Y, Kawata R, Kaneko S, Iwano H, Enokidani M, Watanabe A, Yuliza-Purba F, Isobe N, Kurumisawa T. Immune response during the onset of coliform mastitis in dairy cows vaccinated with STARTVAC ®. Anim Sci J 2021; 92:e13502. [PMID: 33403781 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The immune response during the onset of coliform mastitis in vaccinated cows was investigated by measuring lactoferrin (LF), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) concentrations and somatic cell counts in 28 milk samples at the onset of acute coliform mastitis (ACM) and 73 milk samples at the onset of peracute coliform mastitis (PCM). Vaccinated ACM, unvaccinated ACM, and vaccinated PCM showed significantly higher values for LF and IL-1β levels than unvaccinated PCM (p < .01). The IL-8 concentration was lower in vaccinated PCM than in unvaccinated PCM (p < .05). There was no significant difference in somatic cell counts for each parameter. There were no significant differences in the parameters between vaccinated and unvaccinated ACM cows, or vaccinated ACM and PCM cows. From the above results, it is suggested that mastitis vaccination improved the early immune response, particularly at the onset of PCM, and played a large role in host defense against the initial infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Kawai
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Azabu University Mastitis Research Center, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yasuha Kondo
- NOSAI Okhotsk Yubetsu Veterinary Clinic, Yubetsu, Japan
| | - Yasunori Shinozuka
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Azabu University Mastitis Research Center, Sagamihara, Japan
| | | | | | - Hidetomo Iwano
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan
| | | | - Aiko Watanabe
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Fika Yuliza-Purba
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naoki Isobe
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kurumisawa
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Azabu University Mastitis Research Center, Sagamihara, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gondaira S, Nishi K, Fujiki J, Iwano H, Watanabe R, Eguchi A, Hirano Y, Higuchi H, Nagahata H. Innate immune response in bovine neutrophils stimulated with Mycoplasma bovis. Vet Res 2021; 52:58. [PMID: 33863386 PMCID: PMC8052696 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-021-00920-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis) is a significant worldwide pathogen of cattle. Neutrophils have an important role in the innate immune response during infection with M. bovis. However, even though neutrophils accumulate in M. bovis infection, the interaction of M. bovis and neutrophils has not been fully elucidated. We attempted to elucidate the innate immune response of neutrophils stimulated with M. bovis and evaluate the transcriptome and functional analysis of bovine neutrophils stimulated with M. bovis. Proinflammatory cytokines, such as inducible nitric oxide (iNOS), which was the most increased gene in transcriptome analysis, were increased in quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of bovine neutrophils stimulated with live or heat-killed M. bovis. Nitric oxide and intracellular reactive oxygen species production of neutrophils stimulated with M. bovis was significantly increased. Neutrophils stimulated with M. bovis showed an increased ratio of nonapoptotic cell death compared to unstimulated controls. We demonstrated that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation was not recognized in neutrophils stimulated with live M. bovis. However, heat-killed M. bovis induced NETs formation. We also showed the interaction with M. bovis and bovine neutrophils regarding proinflammatory cytokine gene expression and functional expression related to NETs formation. Live and killed M. bovis induced innate immune responses in neutrophils and had the potential to induce NETs formation, but live M. bovis escaped NETs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Gondaira
- grid.412658.c0000 0001 0674 6856Animal Health Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501 Japan
| | - Koji Nishi
- grid.412658.c0000 0001 0674 6856Animal Health Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501 Japan
| | - Jumpei Fujiki
- grid.412658.c0000 0001 0674 6856Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501 Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- grid.412658.c0000 0001 0674 6856Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501 Japan
| | - Reina Watanabe
- grid.412658.c0000 0001 0674 6856Animal Health Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501 Japan
| | - Ayako Eguchi
- grid.412658.c0000 0001 0674 6856Animal Health Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501 Japan
| | - Yuki Hirano
- grid.452441.2Animal Research Center, Agricultural Research Department, Hokkaido Research Organization, Shintoku, Hokkaido 081-0038 Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Higuchi
- grid.412658.c0000 0001 0674 6856Animal Health Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501 Japan
| | - Hajime Nagahata
- grid.412658.c0000 0001 0674 6856Animal Health Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501 Japan
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Farm Animal Veterinary Nursing Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Associated Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ishizaka S, Iwano H, Kamiya K, Nagai T, Motoi K, Chiba Y, Tsujinaga S, Kaga S, Anzai T. Influence of left ventricular systolic dysfunction on occurrence of pulsus tardus in patients with aortic stenosis. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeaa356.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
The time between left ventricular (LV) and aortic systolic pressure peaks (TLV-Ao) which could reflect pulsus tardus (PT) is reported to be a marker of severity and be associated with poor prognosis in patients with aortic stenosis (AS). Despite its worldwide recognition, physiological mechanism of PT has not been well elucidated. We hypothesized that not only severity of the AS but also LV systolic dysfunction could be associated with occurrence of PT.
Methods
TLV-Ao and mean trans-aortic valvular pressure gradient (mean PG) were measured by simultaneous pressure tracing of left ventricle and basal aorta in 74 AS patients with at least moderate severity (78 ± 8 years old). Effective orifice area index (EOAI) was estimated by using continuity equation from transthoracic echocardiography and severe AS was defined as EOAI ± 0.60 cm²/m². Global longitudinal strain (GLS) was measured by using speckle-tracking method and expressed as an absolute value.
Results
TLV-Ao, mean PG, and EOAI was 87 ± 30 msec, 51 ± 21 mmHg, and 0.51 ± 0.14 cm² respectively. A weak correlation was observed between EOAI and TLV-Ao (Figure). In 9 out of 17 moderate AS patients (A in Figure), TLV-Ao was prolonged over the previously reported cut-off value (≥66 msec), on the other hand, it was not prolonged in 11 out of 57 severe AS patients (D in Figure). When the patients were divided by TLV-Ao of 66 msec, mean PG was not different between patients with prolonged TLV-Ao and those without in moderate AS patients (Figure, A vs B; NS), whereas GLS was significantly reduced in prolonged TLV-Ao group (P = 0.0383). In patients with severe AS, mean PG was significantly higher (P < 0.0001) in patients with prolonged TLV-Ao than in those without (Figure, C vs D), whereas GLS was comparable between the groups. In overall patients, multivariable analysis revealed that not only mean PG (β=0.54) but also GLS (β=-0.23) was an independent determinant of TLV-Ao.
Conclusion
The occurrence of pulsus tardus could be associated not only with severity of the AS but also with LV systolic dysfunction in patients with AS.
Abstract Figure
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Ishizaka
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Iwano
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Kamiya
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Nagai
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Motoi
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Y Chiba
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Tsujinaga
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Kaga
- Hokkaido University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Anzai
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chiba Y, Iwano H, Murayama M, Kaga S, Motoi K, Ishizaka S, Tsujinaga S, Kamiya K, Nagai T, Anzai T. Presence and significance of mid-systolic notch on right ventricular outflow tract velocity envelopes in pulmonary hypertension due to heart failure. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeaa356.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
A mid-systolic notch (MSN) of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) pulsed-wave Doppler envelope, which is recognized as a characteristic finding in pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension (PH), is often observed in heart failure (HF) patients. However, clinical significance of MSN formation in HF has not been elucidated.
Methods
Consecutive 233 HF patients who underwent right heart catheterization and echocardiography within 24 hours were enrolled. Isolated post-capillary PH (IpcPH) was defined as mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) >20 mmHg, mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure (mPAWP) >15 mmHg, and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) <3 Wood units and combined pre- and post-capillary PH (CpcPH) was as mPAP >20 mmHg, mPAWP >15 mmHg, and PVR ≥3 Wood units. Pulmonary arterial capacitance (PAC) was calculated as stroke volume / pulmonary arterial pulse pressure [mL/mmHg]. MSN was defined as formation of notch within first half of the RVOT pulsed-wave Doppler envelope.
Results
Prevalence of IpcPH, CpcPH, and without PH were 87 (37%), 45 (19%), and 101 (43%), respectively and MSN was observed in 8 (9%) of IpcPH, 17 (38%) of CpcPH, and 1 (1%) of patients without PH. Among the hemodynamic and echocardiographic parameters, mPAP and PAC independently determined occurrence of MSN in all the multivariable models (Table). Interestingly, when the PH patients were dimidiated according to median PAC (3.2 mL/mmHg), 25 out of 102 PH patients (25%) with low PAC showed MSN whereas any of PH patients with high PAC did not (Figure).
Conclusion
MSN was frequently observed in HF patients showing CpcPH. Combination of elevated pressure and reduced compliance of the pulmonary circulation could determine occurrence of MSN in HF.
Determinants of MSN occurrence Univariable analysis Multivariable analysis Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4 variables OR (95% CI) p OR (95% CI) p OR (95% CI) p OR (95% CI) p OR (95% CI) p LV ejection fraction 0.97 (0.94-0.99) 0.007 1.00 (0.96-1.03) 0.795 LV mass index 1.00 (1.00-1.02) 0.143 PAW pressure 1.13 (1.08-1.18) <0.001 0.92 (0.82-1.03) 0.135 Mean PA pressure 1.14 (1.09-1.19) <0.001 1.08 (1.02-1.14) 0.006 1.15 (1.04-1.27) 0.004 1.08 (1.00-1.17) 0.030 1.07 (1.01-1.14) 0.025 Mean RA pressure 1.14 (1.06-1.22) <0.001 1.00 (0.90-1.11) 0.978 Pulmonary vascular resistance 1.97 (1.45-2.67) <0.001 1.20 (0.88-1.63) 0.225 Pulmonary arterial capacitance 0.27 (0.15-0.48) <0.001 0.49 (0.26-0.92) 0.010 0.44 (0.23-0.85) 0.004 0.47 (0.24-0.93) 0.011 0.49 (0.26-0.93) 0.011 Abstract Figure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Chiba
- Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Iwano
- Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Murayama
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Diagnostic Center for Sonography, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Kaga
- Hokkaido University, Faculty of Health Science, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Motoi
- Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Ishizaka
- Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Tsujinaga
- Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Kamiya
- Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Nagai
- Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Anzai
- Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nishi K, Gondaira S, Fujiki J, Katagata M, Sawada C, Eguchi A, Iwasaki T, Iwano H, Higuchi H. Invasion of Mycoplasma bovis into bovine synovial cells utilizing the clathrin-dependent endocytosis pathway. Vet Microbiol 2020; 253:108956. [PMID: 33373880 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma bovis causes chronic arthritis in cattle, accompanied by a severe inflammatory reaction of the joints. Recent studies demonstrated that M. bovis can invade bovine non-phagocytic cells, but the mechanism of M. bovis internalization in the cells remains unclear. In this study, we examined the mechanism by which M. bovis invades synovial cells, including the pathway of cell invasion. Using fluorescence and electron microscopy, multiple M. bovis were observed to adhere to and be internalized in cultured bovine synovial cells. The number of M. bovis colocalized with clathrin heavy chain (CLTC) per cell was significantly higher than the number of M. bovis colocalized with caveolin-1 (Cav-1). The internalized ratio of M. bovis in synovial cells treated with clathrin-dependent endocytosis inhibitor and small interfering RNA (siRNA) against CLTC was significantly lower than that in control cells. In contrast, the internalized ratio of M. bovis in synovial cells was unaffected by siRNA against Cav-1. These findings provide the first evidence that clathrin-dependent endocytosis is one of the major pathways by which M. bovis invades into synovial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Nishi
- Animal Health Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Satoshi Gondaira
- Animal Health Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Jumpei Fujiki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Michiko Katagata
- Animal Health Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Chizuru Sawada
- Animal Health Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ayako Eguchi
- Animal Health Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tomohito Iwasaki
- Department of Food Science and Human Wellness, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Higuchi
- Animal Health Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nishi K, Gondaira S, Okamoto M, Watanabe R, Hirano Y, Fujiki J, Iwano H, Higuchi H. Corrigendum to "Mycoplasma bovis induces matrix metalloproteinase-3 expression in bovine synovial cells via up-regulation of interleukin-1β expression in mononuclear cells" [Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 227 (September) (2020) 110057]. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2020; 231:110164. [PMID: 33308875 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2020.110164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Nishi
- Animal Health Laboratory, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Gondaira
- Animal Health Laboratory, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Mariko Okamoto
- Animal Health Laboratory, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Reina Watanabe
- Animal Health Laboratory, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Yuki Hirano
- Animal Health Laboratory, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Jumpei Fujiki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Higuchi
- Animal Health Laboratory, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gondaira S, Nishi K, Iwano H, Fujiki J, Watanabe R, Eguchi A, Hirano Y, Higuchi H, Nagahata H. Transcriptome analysis of Mycoplasma bovis stimulated bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2020; 232:110166. [PMID: 33348232 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2020.110166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Mycoplasma bovis is a pathogenic bacterium in bovines that causes huge global economic losses. Numerous factors play important roles in M. bovis pathogenesis; however, the host immune response involved in M. bovis infection has not been fully elucidated. We aimed to determine the characteristics of the host immune response to Mycoplasma infection. We evaluated the responsiveness of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with M. bovis via microarray analysis. The transcriptional abundance of innate immune-related genes IL-36A, IL-27, IFN-γ, and IL-17 in PBMCs increased after M. bovis exposure. Upon M. bovis infection, there was increased expression of the lymphocyte activated genes basic leucine zipper transcription factor (BATF) and signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family members 1 and 7 (SLAMF 1 and SLAMF 7) in PBMCs compared with that in unstimulated cells. The study revealed that the transcriptional abundance of innate immunity genes in PBMCs increased during M. bovis infection. This induced the activation of PBMCs, giving rise to an immune response, which is followed by the development of the inflammatory response. The results from this study could be used as the basis for the development of novel vaccine candidates against M. bovis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan.
| | - Jumpei Fujiki
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan.
| | | | | | - Yuki Hirano
- Animal Research Center, Agricultural Research Department, Hokkaido Research Organization, Shintoku, Hokkaido, 081-0038, Japan.
| | | | - Hajime Nagahata
- Animal Health Laboratory, Japan; Farm Animal Veterinary Nursing Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Associated Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Imabari, Ehime, 794-8555, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Murayama M, Iwano H, Tsujinaga S, Nishino H, Yokoyama S, Nakabachi M, Sarashina M, Ishizaka S, Chiba Y, Okada K, Kaga S, Nishida M, Kamiya K, Nagai T, Anzai T. Simple echocardiographic scoring system to estimate left ventricular filling pressure based on visual assessment of time sequence of mitral and tricuspid valve opening. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
In the presence of elevated left ventricular (LV) filling pressure, mitral valve (MV) becomes to open early and precedes tricuspid valve (TV) opening in early diastole. Accordingly, time-delay of right ventricular inflow relative to LV inflow assessed by dual Doppler system was recently reported as a parameter of LV filling pressure. We assumed that visually-assessed time-delay of TV relative to MV opening could be a simple and alternative marker of elevated LV filling pressure.
Purpose
This study aimed to elucidate the clinical usefulness of the 2-dimensional echocardiographic scoring system, Visual assessment of time-difference between Mitral and Tricuspid valve opening (VMT) score, in patients with heart failure (HF).
Methods
We analyzed 119 consecutive HF patients who underwent echocardiography and cardiac catheterization within a day. Elevated LV filling pressure was defined as mean pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP) ≥15 mmHg. LV diastolic function was graded according to the ASE/EACVI recommendations. Time sequence of opening of MV and TV was visually assessed in the apical 4-chamber view and scored to 3 grades (0: TV opening first, 1: simultaneous, 2: MV opening first). When the inferior vena cava diameter was >21 mm and collapsed <20% during normal respiration, 1 point was added and VMT score was calculated as 4 grades from 0 to 3. We also investigated 113 patients without worsening HF at VMT scoring for cardiac events defined as worsening HF, LV assist device implantation, or cardiac death for 1 year after the echocardiography.
Results
VMT was scored as 0 in 20 patients, 1 in 50 patients, 2 in 37 patients, and 3 in 12 patients. PAWP was elevated in patients with VMT score of 2 and 3 (0: 10±5, 1: 12±4, 2: 22±8, 3: 28±4 mmHg, ANOVA P<0.001) (Figure). In overall patients, VMT≥2 predicted elevated PAWP with accuracy of 86%. When the accuracy was tested in patients with reduced (<40%, HFrEF) and preserved LV ejection fraction (≥40%) respectively, the accuracy was excellent in HFrEF (96% and 77%, respectively). Importantly, VMT≥2 also had good accuracy of 82% for elevated PAWP in 33 patients in whom recommendations usually cannot grade diastolic function due to monophasic LV inflow. In the sequential Cox models, the addition of VMT score to the model including the plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level and LV diastolic grading improved the predictive power for elevated PAWP (P<0.001). During the follow-up, 20 cardiac events were observed (6 worsening HF, 9 LV assist device implantation and 5 cardiac death). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the patients with VMT≥2 were at higher risk of cardiac events than those with VMT≤1 (log-rank test P<0.001) (Figure).
Conclusions
The VMT score was a simple and accurate marker of elevated LV filling pressure and has an incremental benefit over BNP and LV diastolic function grading. Moreover, it could be a novel prognostic marker in patients with HF.
Figure 1
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Murayama
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Iwano
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Tsujinaga
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Nishino
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Yokoyama
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Nakabachi
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Sarashina
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Ishizaka
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Y Chiba
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Okada
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Kaga
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Nishida
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Kamiya
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Nagai
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Anzai
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kobayashi Y, Nagai T, Kamiya K, Konishi T, Sato T, Omote K, Kato Y, Komoriyama H, Tsujinaga S, Iwano H, Kusano K, Yasuda S, Ogawa H, Ueda H, Anzai T. Long-term prognostic significance of dispersion of ventricular repolarization in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Although the presence of cardiac involvement is recognised as a determinant of worse clinical outcomes in sarcoidosis patients, the determinants of adverse outcomes in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) have not been well understood. T-peak to T-end interval (TpTe) on the surface electrocardiogram (ECG) was proposed as a marker of dispersion of ventricular repolarisation. Prolonged TpTe to QT interval ratio (TpTe/QT) represents a period of potential vulnerability to reentrant ventricular arrhythmias. Notably, prolonged TpTe/QT has been associated with increased risk of mortality in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, congenital long-QT syndrome, and Brugada syndrome. However, its prognostic implication in patients with CS is unclear.
Purpose
We sought to investigate whether TpTe/QT was associated with long-term clinical outcomes in patients with CS.
Methods
A total of 108 consecutive CS patients between August 1986 and March 2019 in two academic hospitals who had ECG data before initiation of immunosuppressive therapy were examined. We excluded patients who received pacemaker (n=15) or cardiac resynchronization therapy (n=3) at the time of ECG. Ultimately, 90 CS patients were included in this study. All standard 12-lead ECGs were recorded at 25 mm/s with an amplification of 10 mm/mV. TpTe was measured from the peak of T wave to the end of T wave which defined as the intersection of the tangent to the down slope of the T wave and the isoelectric line. Lead V5 was selected for the analyses. If V5 is not suitable for analyses, V4 was selected. The primary outcome was the composite of advanced atrioventricular block (AVB), ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF), heart failure hospitalisation and all-cause death.
Results
During a median follow-up period of 4.70 (interquartile range [IQR] 2.06–7.23) years, adverse events occurred in 21 patients (23.3%), including 2 advanced AVB, 12 VT/VF, 4 heart failure hospitalisation and 3 all-cause death. Events group had higher TpTe/QT compared to no events group (0.231 [IQR 0.193–0.261] vs. 0.282 [IQR 0.263–0.304] P<0.001). Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed that the primary outcome, especially VT/VF or sudden cardiac death more frequently occurred in patients with higher TpTe/QT (≥0.242, the median) compared to those with lower TpTe/QT (Figure 1). Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that higher TpTe/QT was independently associated with increased subsequent risk of adverse events (hazard ratio 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.17, P=0.014) even after adjustment for age, sex and left ventricular ejection fraction. Furthermore, the optimal cut-off value of TpTe/QT for the discriminatory of primary outcome was 0.257, and c-index was 0.77 (95% CI 0.64–0.89).
Conclusions
Higher TpTe/QT was associated with worse long-term clinical outcomes in patients with CS. Our findings indicate the importance of assessing TpTe/QT for risk stratification in patients with CS.
Figure 1
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Kobayashi
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Nagai
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Kamiya
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Konishi
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Sato
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Omote
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Y Kato
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Komoriyama
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Tsujinaga
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Iwano
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Kusano
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Yasuda
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - H Ogawa
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - H Ueda
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Department of Clinical Pathology, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Anzai
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fujiki J, Furusawa T, Munby M, Kawaguchi C, Matsuda Y, Shiokura Y, Nakamura K, Nakamura T, Sasaki M, Usui M, Iwasaki T, Gondaira S, Higuchi H, Sawa H, Tamura Y, Iwano H. Susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa veterinary isolates to Pbunavirus PB1-like phages. Microbiol Immunol 2020; 64:778-782. [PMID: 32918505 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, antimicrobial-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains have increased in the veterinary field. Therefore, phage therapy has received significant attention as an approach for overcoming antimicrobial resistance. In this context, we isolated and characterized four Pseudomonas bacteriophages. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the isolated phages are novel Myoviridae Pbunavirus PB1-like phages with ØR12 belonging to a different clade compared with the other three. These phages had distinct lytic activity against 22 P. aeruginosa veterinary isolates. The phage cocktail composed from the PB1-like phages clearly inhibited the occurrence of the phage-resistant variant, suggesting that these phages could be useful in phage therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jumpei Fujiki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takaaki Furusawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Montgomery Munby
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Chika Kawaguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yumie Matsuda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yusei Shiokura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nakamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Michihito Sasaki
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masaru Usui
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tomohito Iwasaki
- Department of Food Science and Human Wellness, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment Science, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Satoshi Gondaira
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Higuchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Sawa
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.,International Collaboration Unit, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.,Global Virus Network, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yutaka Tamura
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan.,Center for Veterinary Drug Development, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sato M, Sugiyama K, Maeda N, Fujiki J, Ieko T, Kawamura Y, Iwano H, Mukai K, Yokota H. Local biosynthesis of corticosterone in rat skeletal muscle. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 201:105693. [PMID: 32437963 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Adrenal corticosterone plays crucial roles in energy metabolism and immuno-reactivity throughout the body. As we have previously shown that corticosterone biosynthesis in C2C12 myoblasts, we study about corticosterone biosynthesis in rat skeletal muscles. It was found that enzymatic activities producing corticosterone and testosterone except the activity of P450scc in rat skeletal muscle as like as C2C12 cells. The CYP11B mRNA encoding cytochrome P45011β that mediates 11-deoxycorticosterone hydroxylase activity, producing corticosterone was expressed in skeletal muscles. In immunoblotting analysis, cytochrome P45011β protein was expressed in rat muscles and whole organs especially higher levels in adrenal and brain. The localizations of corticosterone content and enzymatic activities involved in the production of corticosterone were preferentially observed in gastrocnemius fibers rather than in soleus fibers. The immunohistochemical analysis showed that the fast-twitch or type II muscle fibers positive to antibody against fast myosin heavy chain were preferentially stained with anti-cytochrome P45011β antibody in the gastrocnemius fiber. In addition, we detected corticosterone biosynthesis from pregnenolone sulfate conjugates in perfusion of the rat hindquarter. Corticosterone is synthesized in rat skeletal muscles and the biosynthesis was localized in the fast-twitch or type II muscle fibers. We speculated that the local synthesized corticosterone might be involved in glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy that preferentially occurs in fast muscle fibers, and the initial substrate of the local CORT biosynthesis were supported to be performed from the conjugates such as pregnenolone sulfate circulating in the blood flow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Sato
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Kimikazu Sugiyama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Maeda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; Laboratory of Meat Science and Technology, Department of Food Science and Human Wellness, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Jumpei Fujiki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ieko
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kawamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Mukai
- Medical Education Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yokota
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Nakamura T, Kitana J, Fujiki J, Takase M, Iyori K, Simoike K, Iwano H. Lytic Activity of Polyvalent Staphylococcal Bacteriophage PhiSA012 and Its Endolysin Lys-PhiSA012 Against Antibiotic-Resistant Staphylococcal Clinical Isolates From Canine Skin Infection Sites. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:234. [PMID: 32587860 PMCID: PMC7298730 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in human and veterinary medicine is of global concern. Notably, the emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius has become a serious problem. In this context, bacteriophages and their lytic enzymes, endolysins, have received considerable attention as therapeutics for infectious diseases in place of antibiotics. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antibiotic-resistance patterns of staphylococcal species isolated from canine skin at a primary care animal hospital in Tokyo, Japan and evaluate the lytic activity of the staphylococcal bacteriophage phiSA012 and its endolysin Lys-phiSA012 against isolated antibiotic-resistant staphylococcal strains. Forty clinical staphylococcal samples were isolated from infection sites of dogs (20 from skin and 20 from the external ear canal). Susceptibility to antimicrobial agents was determined by a disk diffusion method. The host range of phiSA012 was determined by using a spot test against staphylococcal isolates. Against staphylococcal isolates that showed resistance toward five classes or more of antimicrobials, the lytic activity of phiSA012 and Lys-phiSA012 was evaluated using a turbidity reduction assay. Twenty-three S. pseudintermedius, 16 Staphylococcus schleiferi, and 1 Staphylococcus intermedius were detected from canine skin and ear infections, and results revealed 43.5% methicillin resistance in S. pseudintermedius and 31.3% in S. schleiferi. In addition, the prevalence multidrug resistance (MDR) S. pseudintermedius was 65.2%. PhiSA012 could infect all staphylococcal isolates by spot testing, but showed little lytic activity by turbidity reduction assay against MDR S. pseudintermedius isolates. On the other hand, Lys-phiSA012 showed lytic activity and reduced significantly the number of staphylococcal colony-forming units. These results demonstrated that ARB issues underlying in small animal hospital and proposed substitutes for antibiotics. Lys-phiSA012 has broader lytic activity than phiSA012 against staphylococcal isolates; therefore, Lys-phiSA012 is a more potential candidate therapeutic agent for several staphylococcal infections including that of canine skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Nakamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan
| | - Junya Kitana
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan
| | - Jumpei Fujiki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZON), produced by Fusarium fungi, exhibits estrogenic activity. Livestock
can be exposed to ZON orally through contaminating feeds such as cereals, leading to
reproductive disorders such as infertility and miscarriage via endocrine system
disruption. However, the details of ZON metabolism remain unclear, and the mechanism of
its toxicity has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the kinetics of
ZON absorption and metabolism in rat segmented everted intestines. ZON absorption was
confirmed in each intestine segment 60 min after application to the mucosal buffer at 10
µM. Approximately half of the absorbed ZON was metabolized to
α-zearalenol, which tended to be mainly glucuronidated in intestinal cells. In the
proximal intestine, most of the glucuronide metabolized by intestinal cells was excreted
to the mucosal side, suggesting that the intestine plays an important role as a first drug
metabolism barrier for ZON. However, in the distal intestine, ZON metabolites tended to be
transported to the serosal side. Glucuronide transported to the serosal side could be
carried via the systemic circulation to the local tissues, where it could be reactivated
by deconjugation. These results are important with regard to the mechanism of endocrine
disruption caused by ZON.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Ieko
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Sumire Inoue
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Yume Inomata
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroki Inoue
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan.,Nihon Doubutsu Tokushu Shindan Co., Ltd., Eniwa, Hokkaido 061-1374, Japan
| | - Jumpei Fujiki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Omote K, Nagai T, Kamiya K, Aikawa T, Tsujinaga S, Kato Y, Komoriyama H, Kobayashi Y, Iwano H, Yamamoto K, Yoshikawa T, Saito Y, Anzai T. P2634Prognostic value of admission left ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral in hospitalized heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction: a report from the JASPER registry. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
There are little effective treatment strategies for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) to achieve a reduction of morbidity and mortality. Thus, accurate prognostication of patients with HFpEF could help improve their outcomes by identifying high-risk patients who might potentially benefit from intensive inpatient and outpatient monitoring and early referral for advanced HFpEF therapy. The left ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral (LVOT-VTI) is a representative non-invasive parameter for evaluating stroke volume, which can be a determinant of adverse outcomes in hospitalized patients with heart failure. However, the prognostic implication of admission LVOT-VTI for hospitalized HFpEF patients is undetermined.
Purpose
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether admission LVOT-VTI could predict poor clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with HFpEF.
Methods
We examined consecutive 535 hospitalized HFpEF patients (left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50%) due to acute decompensated heart failure from the JASPER (JApanese heart failure Syndrome with Preserved Ejection fRaction) multicenter registry, obtained between November 2012 and March 2015. Patients without accessible LVOT-VTI data on admission were excluded. Finally, 214 patients were examined. The primary outcome of interest was composite of all-cause death and rehospitalization due to heart failure.
Results
Mean age was 78±11 years, 100 were male, and median plasma brain-type natriuretic peptide level was 400 (interquartile range [IQR] 223–711) pg/ml. During a median follow-up period of 688 (IQR 162–810) days, adverse events occurred in 83 patients (39%), including 47 (22%) all-cause death, 51 (24%) rehospitalization due to heart failure. The c-index of LVOT-VTI for predicting the composite of adverse events was 0.59 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.67), and the optimal cut-off value of LVOT-VTI was 15.8 cm. Low LVOT-VTI (≤15.8 cm) was significantly associated with higher adverse events compared to high LVOT-VTI (>15.8 cm) (Figure). Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that lower LVOT-VTI was an independent determinant of adverse events (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.91 to 0.98, P=0.005) even after adjustment for pre-specified confounders including age, sex, systolic blood pressure, serum sodium, albumin, plasma brain-type natriuretic peptide and renal function.
Figure 1
Conclusions
Lower admission LVOT-VTI was an independent determinant of worse clinical outcomes in hospitalized HFpEF patients, indicating that LVOT-VTI on admission could be a useful marker for risk stratification in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Omote
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Nagai
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Kamiya
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Aikawa
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Y Kato
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | | | - H Iwano
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Tottori University, Department of Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Tottori, Japan
| | - T Yoshikawa
- Sakakibara Heart Institute, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Saito
- Nara Medical University, First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - T Anzai
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Nishi K, Gondaira S, Okamoto M, Nebu T, Koiwa M, Ohtsuka H, Murai K, Matsuda K, Fujiki J, Iwano H, Nagahata H, Higuchi H. Effect of Mycoplasma bovis on expression of inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases mRNA in bovine synovial cells. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2019; 216:109920. [PMID: 31446205 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2019.109920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Mycoplasma bovis causes chronic arthritis in calves. Mycoplasma arthritis shows severe inflammatory reactions in joints that is commonly treated with antibiotics and results in significant economic losses in the calf industry. A previous study showed that inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) produced by synovial cells promote progression of the pathophysiology of bacterial arthritis. However, the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of bovine Mycoplasma arthritis has not been fully clarified. In this study, we examined the immunologic response of bovine synovial tissue to M. bovis. We observed significant increases in expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MMP-1, and MMP-3 mRNA in synovial tissue from Mycoplasma arthritis calves compared with tissues from normal calves. Expression of IL-6, IL-8, and MMP-1 mRNA was also induced in cultured synovial cells stimulated with M. bovis, but not expression of IL-1β and MMP-3 mRNA. In contrast, the culture supernatant of peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with M. bovis induced marked increases in the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MMP-1, and MMP-3 mRNA in synovial cells. Our results indicate that inflammatory cytokines and MMPs produced by synovial cells play a key role in the pathogenesis of Mycoplasma arthritis. We suggest that interactions between synovial cells and mononuclear cells in the presence of M. bovis induce expression of these cytokines and MMPs in synovial cells, resulting in severe inflammatory reactions in the joints.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Nishi
- Animal Health Laboratory, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Gondaira
- Animal Health Laboratory, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Mariko Okamoto
- Animal Health Laboratory, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Takanori Nebu
- Animal Health Laboratory, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Masateru Koiwa
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Ohtsuka
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Kiyokazu Murai
- Food Safety and Consumer Affairs Bureau, Ministry of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries, Kasumigaseki, Tokyo, 100-8950, Japan
| | - Kazuya Matsuda
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Jumpei Fujiki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hajime Nagahata
- Animal Health Laboratory, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Higuchi
- Animal Health Laboratory, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ieko T, Sasaki H, Maeda N, Fujiki J, Iwano H, Yokota H. Analysis of Corticosterone and Testosterone Synthesis in Rat Salivary Gland Homogenates. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:479. [PMID: 31379745 PMCID: PMC6650613 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Extra-adrenal steroid hormone production has been reported in several tissues, the biological role of which is interesting in terms of hormonal regulation of metabolism, growth, and behavior. In this report, we describe for the first time steroidogenesis in rat salivary glands. Enzyme activities associated with corticosterone and testosterone production were detected in rat salivary glands by LC-MS analysis. In tissue homogenates of rat salivary glands, progesterone was produced enzymatically in vitro from pregnenolone in the presence of NADPH and NADH. Deoxycorticosterone was produced from progesterone, corticosterone from deoxycorticosterone, and testosterone from androstenedione (but not pregnenolone from cholesterol) via enzymatic reactions using the same tissue homogenates. Immunoblotting analysis indicated the expression of 11β-hydroxylase (cytochrome P450 11β1; CYP11β1), which mediated the production of corticosterone from deoxycorticosterone. However, CYP family 11 subfamily A member 1 (CYP11A1)-mediated production of pregnenolone from cholesterol was not detected in the salivary glands by immunoblotting using a specific antibody. These results indicate that corticosterone and testosterone are produced from pregnenolone in rat salivary glands. The initial substrate in salivary steroidogenesis and the roles of salivary corticosterone and testosterone are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Ieko
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan
| | - Hirokuni Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Maeda
- Laboratory of Meat Science and Technology, Department of Food Science and Human Wellness, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan
| | - Jumpei Fujiki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yokota
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan
- *Correspondence: Hiroshi Yokota
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Fujiki J, Maeda N, Sato M, Ieko T, Inoue H, Iwasaki T, Iwano H, Yokota H. Corticosterone biosynthesis in mouse clonal myoblastic C2C12 cells. Steroids 2018; 138:64-71. [PMID: 30018003 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Corticosterone (CORT), the major glucocorticoid in rodents, is secreted from the adrenal gland, affects various organs in the body and regulates energy metabolism as a stress response. Although local steroidogenesis of androgens and estrogens in skeletal muscles has been previously reported, local CORT synthesis in skeletal muscle remains unconfirmed. In the present study, we investigated steroidogenic activities in a clonal myoblastic cell line, C2C12 cells. Three enzymes involved in CORT synthesis, 3ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3ß-HSD), cytochrome P450c21 and cytochrome P45011ß, were identified in C2C12 cells by detecting the enzymatic reaction products with LC-MS/MS analysis. Only one enzyme that mediates cholesterol cleavage was not detected in the cells. After the addition of pregnenolone-sulfate conjugates to the cell culture medium, pregnenolone was detected and increased according to the incubation time. In conclusion, CORT synthesis occurs in C2C12 cells, and it is suggested that the initial steroidogenesis substrate is the pregnenolone-sulfate conjugate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jumpei Fujiki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Maeda
- Safety Research Institute for Chemical Compounds Co., Ltd., Kiyota-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 004-0839, Japan; Department of Food Science and Human Wellness, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment Science, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Michiko Sato
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ieko
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroki Inoue
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Tomohito Iwasaki
- Department of Food Science and Human Wellness, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment Science, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yokota
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Omote K, Nagai T, Asakawa N, Komoriyama H, Kato Y, Aikawa T, Tokuda Y, Kamiya K, Nishida M, Kudo Y, Fukushima A, Iwano H, Yokota T, Anzai T. P2812Long-term prognostic significance of liver stiffness non-invasively measured by the virtual touch quantification in patients with acute decompensated heart failure. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p2812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Omote
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Nagai
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - N Asakawa
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Komoriyama
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Y Kato
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Aikawa
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Y Tokuda
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Kamiya
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Nishida
- Hokkaido University, Diagnostic Center for Sonography and Division of Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Hokkaido Unive, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Y Kudo
- Hokkaido University, Diagnostic Center for Sonography and Division of Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Hokkaido Unive, Sapporo, Japan
| | - A Fukushima
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Iwano
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Yokota
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Anzai
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gondaira S, Higuchi H, Iwano H, Nishi K, Nebu T, Nakajima K, Nagahata H. Innate immune response of bovine mammary epithelial cells to Mycoplasma bovis. J Vet Sci 2018; 19:79-87. [PMID: 28927255 PMCID: PMC5799403 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2018.19.1.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma spp. are contagious bacteria, and mycoplasmal mastitis is a serious productivity problem on dairy farms. Bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs) have an important role in the elimination of pathogens, but the effect of Mycoplasma bovis on bMECs has not been fully described. To elucidate the immune response against intramammary infection by M. bovis, we undertook microarray analysis to examine and profile mRNA expression in bMECs after stimulation with M. bovis. We also compared the effects of M. bovis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli on immune-related mRNA expression in bMECs. Transcriptome analysis indicated a significant decrease in the level of mRNA-encoding lysine-specific demethylase 4D, suggesting that the immune response is suppressed by a decrease in histone demethylase activity. Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, and TLR4 mRNA expression levels were significantly increased in bMECs stimulated with heat-killed M. bovis, but the expression levels were lower than those following stimulation by heat-killed S. aureus or E. coli. Our results suggest that M. bovis weakly affects mRNA expression in bMECs compared to the effects of E. coli or S. aureus. Moreover, live M. bovis may induce suppression of the immune response in bMECs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Gondaira
- Animal Health Laboratory, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Higuchi
- Animal Health Laboratory, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
| | - Koji Nishi
- Animal Health Laboratory, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
| | - Takanori Nebu
- Animal Health Laboratory, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
| | - Keiichi Nakajima
- National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Sapporo 062-8555, Japan
| | - Hajime Nagahata
- Animal Health Laboratory, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Omote K, Nagai T, Asakawa N, Aikawa T, Tokuda Y, Kato Y, Kamiya K, Komoriyama H, Nishida M, Kudo Y, Fukushima A, Iwano H, Yokota T, Anzai T. P3734Clinical value of a non-invasive measurement of increased liver stiffness by using virtual touch quantification for predicting elevated right atrial pressure in heart failure patients. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p3734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Omote
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Nagai
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - N Asakawa
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Aikawa
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Y Tokuda
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Y Kato
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Kamiya
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Komoriyama
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Nishida
- Hokkaido University, Diagnostic Center for Sonography and Division of Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Y Kudo
- Hokkaido University, Diagnostic Center for Sonography and Division of Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - A Fukushima
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Iwano
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Yokota
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Anzai
- Hokkaido University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Iwano H, Hada Y, Sawaki S. 700 The study of mechanism of thinning epidermal skin with age and improvement effect of red clover extract. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
32
|
Furukawa M, Yoneyama H, Hata E, Iwano H, Higuchi H, Ando T, Sato M, Hayashi T, Kiku Y, Nagasawa Y, Niimi K, Usami K, Ito K, Watanabe K, Nochi T, Aso H. Identification of a novel mechanism of action of bovine IgG antibodies specific for Staphylococcus aureus. Vet Res 2018; 49:22. [PMID: 29482613 PMCID: PMC5828400 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-018-0517-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen that causes subclinical mastitis associated with huge economic losses to the dairy industry. A few vaccines for bovine mastitis are available, and they are expected to induce the production of S. aureus-specific antibodies that prevent bacterial adherence to host cells or promote opsonization by phagocytes. However, the efficacy of such vaccines are still under debate; therefore, further research focusing on improving the current vaccines by seeking additional mechanisms of action is required to reduce economic losses due to mastitis in the dairy industry. Here, we generated S. aureus-specific bovine IgG antibodies (anti-S. aureus) that directly inhibited bacterial growth in vitro. Inhibition depended on specificity for anti-S. aureus, not the interaction between Protein A and the fragment crystallizable region of the IgG antibodies or bacterial agglutination. An in vitro culture study using S. aureus strain JE2 and its deletion mutant JE2ΔSrtA, which lacks the gene encoding sortase A, revealed that the effect of anti-S. aureus was sortase-A-independent. Sortase A is involved in the synthesis of cell-wall-associated proteins. Thus, other surface molecules, such as membrane proteins, cell surface polysaccharides, or both, may trigger the inhibition of bacterial growth by anti-S. aureus. Together, our findings contribute insights into developing new strategies to further improve the available mastitis vaccine by designing a novel antigen on the surface of S. aureus to induce inhibitory signals that prevent bacterial growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mutsumi Furukawa
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yoneyama
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan
| | - Eiji Hata
- National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 062-0045, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Higuchi
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Tasuke Ando
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan
| | - Mika Sato
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan
| | - Tomohito Hayashi
- National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 062-0045, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kiku
- National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 062-0045, Japan
| | - Yuya Nagasawa
- National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 062-0045, Japan
| | - Kanae Niimi
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan
| | - Katsuki Usami
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan
| | - Kumiko Ito
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan
| | - Kouichi Watanabe
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan
| | - Tomonori Nochi
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan. .,International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
| | - Hisashi Aso
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Fujiki J, Nakamura T, Furusawa T, Ohno H, Takahashi H, Kitana J, Usui M, Higuchi H, Tanji Y, Tamura Y, Iwano H. Characterization of the Lytic Capability of a LysK-Like Endolysin, Lys-phiSA012, Derived from a Polyvalent Staphylococcus aureus Bacteriophage. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:ph11010025. [PMID: 29495305 PMCID: PMC5874721 DOI: 10.3390/ph11010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) have spread widely and rapidly, with their increased occurrence corresponding with the increased use of antibiotics. Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus have a considerable negative impact on human and livestock health. Bacteriophages and their peptidoglycan hydrolytic enzymes (endolysins) have received significant attention as novel approaches against ARB, including S. aureus. In the present study, we purified an endolysin, Lys-phiSA012, which harbors a cysteine/histidine-dependent amidohydrolase/peptidase (CHAP) domain, an amidase domain, and a SH3b cell wall binding domain, derived from a polyvalent S. aureus bacteriophage which we reported previously. We demonstrate that Lys-phiSA012 exhibits high lytic activity towards staphylococcal strains, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Analysis of deletion mutants showed that only mutants possessing the CHAP and SH3b domains could lyse S. aureus, indicating that lytic activity of the CHAP domain depended on the SH3b domain. The presence of at least 1 mM Ca2+ and 100 µM Zn2+ enhanced the lytic activity of Lys-phiSA012 in a turbidity reduction assay. Furthermore, a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay showed that the addition of Lys-phiSA012 decreased the MIC of oxacillin. Our results suggest that endolysins are a promising approach for replacing current antimicrobial agents and may contribute to the proper use of antibiotics, leading to the reduction of ARB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jumpei Fujiki
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan; (J.F.); tomohiro-tobi-@hotmail.co.jp (T.N.); (T.F.); (H.O.); (H.T.); (J.K.)
| | - Tomohiro Nakamura
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan; (J.F.); tomohiro-tobi-@hotmail.co.jp (T.N.); (T.F.); (H.O.); (H.T.); (J.K.)
| | - Takaaki Furusawa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan; (J.F.); tomohiro-tobi-@hotmail.co.jp (T.N.); (T.F.); (H.O.); (H.T.); (J.K.)
| | - Hazuki Ohno
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan; (J.F.); tomohiro-tobi-@hotmail.co.jp (T.N.); (T.F.); (H.O.); (H.T.); (J.K.)
| | - Hiromichi Takahashi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan; (J.F.); tomohiro-tobi-@hotmail.co.jp (T.N.); (T.F.); (H.O.); (H.T.); (J.K.)
| | - Junya Kitana
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan; (J.F.); tomohiro-tobi-@hotmail.co.jp (T.N.); (T.F.); (H.O.); (H.T.); (J.K.)
| | - Masaru Usui
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan; (M.U.); (Y.T.)
| | - Hidetoshi Higuchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan;
| | - Yasunori Tanji
- Department of Bioengineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan;
| | - Yutaka Tamura
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan; (M.U.); (Y.T.)
- Center for Veterinary Drug Development, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan; (J.F.); tomohiro-tobi-@hotmail.co.jp (T.N.); (T.F.); (H.O.); (H.T.); (J.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +81-11-388-4885
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is among the better-known endocrine disruptors. BPA is used in various food-contacting materials and is easily eluted into food; as a result, we are exposed to BPA on a daily basis. In adults, BPA is
metabolized and eliminated rapidly from the body. However, numerous reports suggest that fetuses and young children are susceptible to BPA. One of the concerning adverse effects of BPA is disruption of behavior,
especially anxiety-like behavior. In order to study the mechanism of influences on offspring, it is important to clarify the most vulnerable gestation period. We hypothesized that offspring in late pregnancy would be
more susceptible to BPA, because late pregnancy is a critical time for functional brain development. In this study, C57BL/6 mouse fetuses were exposed prenatally by oral dosing of pregnant dams, once daily from
gestational day 5.5 to 12.5 (early pregnancy) or 11.5 to 18.5 (late pregnancy), with BPA (0 or 10 mg/kg body weight). Following birth and weaning, the resulting pups were tested using an elevated plus maze at postnatal
week 10. The behavior of the offspring was altered by prenatal BPA exposure during late pregnancy but not during early pregnancy. These results indicated that offspring are more vulnerable to exposure to BPA in late
pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Ohtani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Koshi Suda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Erika Tsuji
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Kentaro Tanemura
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Development, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yokota
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroki Inoue
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Iwano H, Inoue Y, Takasago T, Kobayashi H, Furusawa T, Taniguchi K, Fujiki J, Yokota H, Usui M, Tanji Y, Hagiwara K, Higuchi H, Tamura Y. Bacteriophage ΦSA012 Has a Broad Host Range against Staphylococcus aureus and Effective Lytic Capacity in a Mouse Mastitis Model. Biology (Basel) 2018; 7:biology7010008. [PMID: 29315249 PMCID: PMC5872034 DOI: 10.3390/biology7010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bovine mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland caused by bacterial infection in dairy cattle. It is the most costly disease in the dairy industry because of the high use of antibiotics. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major causative agents of bovine mastitis and antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, new strategies to control bacterial infection are required in the dairy industry. One potential strategy is bacteriophage (phage) therapy. In the present study, we examined the host range of previously isolated S. aureus phages ΦSA012 and ΦSA039 against S. aureus strains isolated from mastitic cows. These phages could kill all S. aureus (93 strains from 40 genotypes) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (six strains from six genotypes) strains tested. Using a mouse mastitis model, we demonstrated that ΦSA012 reduced proliferation of S. aureus and inflammation in the mammary gland. Furthermore, intravenous or intraperitoneal phage administration reduced proliferation of S. aureus in the mammary glands. These results suggest that broad host range phages ΦSA012 is potential antibacterial agents for dairy production medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; (Y.I.); (T.T.); (H.K.); (T.F.); (K.T.); (J.F.); (H.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-11-388-4885
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; (Y.I.); (T.T.); (H.K.); (T.F.); (K.T.); (J.F.); (H.Y.)
| | - Takuji Takasago
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; (Y.I.); (T.T.); (H.K.); (T.F.); (K.T.); (J.F.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hironori Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; (Y.I.); (T.T.); (H.K.); (T.F.); (K.T.); (J.F.); (H.Y.)
| | - Takaaki Furusawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; (Y.I.); (T.T.); (H.K.); (T.F.); (K.T.); (J.F.); (H.Y.)
| | - Kotomi Taniguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; (Y.I.); (T.T.); (H.K.); (T.F.); (K.T.); (J.F.); (H.Y.)
| | - Jumpei Fujiki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; (Y.I.); (T.T.); (H.K.); (T.F.); (K.T.); (J.F.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hiroshi Yokota
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; (Y.I.); (T.T.); (H.K.); (T.F.); (K.T.); (J.F.); (H.Y.)
| | - Masaru Usui
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; (M.U.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yasunori Tanji
- Department of Bioengineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan;
| | - Katsuro Hagiwara
- Laboratory of Veterinary Virology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan;
| | - Hidetoshi Higuchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan;
| | - Yutaka Tamura
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; (M.U.); (Y.T.)
- Center for Veterinary Drug Vevelopment, Rakuno Gakuen University, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ochiai Y, Baba A, Hiramatsu M, Toyota N, Watanabe T, Yamashita K, Yokota H, Iwano H. Blood biochemistry and hematological changes in rats after administration of a mixture of three anesthetic agents. J Vet Med Sci 2017; 80:387-394. [PMID: 29249748 PMCID: PMC5836782 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, given the concerns regarding animal welfare, it is required that anesthesia or
analgesia be used during surgery in experimental animals. Therefore, it is important to
understand how anesthesia affects the health conditions of experimental animals. In this
study, rat blood biochemistry and hematological changes were examined following
administration of a mixture of three anesthetic agents—medetomidine, midazolam and
butorphanol (MMB). One of three MMB dose combinations was subcutaneously administered to
rats. After 1 hr, rats were treated with atipamezole, to reverse the anesthetic effects.
Blood biochemistry and hematological parameters were assessed at 1, 4 and 24 hr post-MMB
treatment. We also recorded body weight and food intake at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 24 hr post-MMB
administration. Following MMB administration, transient increases were observed in glucose
(GLUC) levels, hematocrit (HCT) values and hemoglobin (HGB) levels, whereas transient
decreases were observed in total protein (TP) content and white blood cell (WBC) counts.
Most of these parameters returned to control values 24 hr following MMB administration.
Additionally, body weight and food intake decreased in MMB-treated rats. In conclusion,
intermediate and high doses of MMB changed some blood biochemistry and hematological
parameters, body weight and food intake. In contrast, low-dose MMB did not cause these
effects. Therefore, depending on the experimental design, MMB may influence the results of
studies that use laboratory animals. Consequently, anesthetic agents used in laboratory
animals should be chosen based on detailed knowledge of their pharmacological effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Ochiai
- Chugai Research Institute for Medical Science, Inc., 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba, Shizuoka 421-8513, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Atushi Baba
- Chugai Research Institute for Medical Science, Inc., 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba, Shizuoka 421-8513, Japan
| | - Mio Hiramatsu
- Chugai Research Institute for Medical Science, Inc., 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba, Shizuoka 421-8513, Japan
| | - Naoto Toyota
- Chugai Research Institute for Medical Science, Inc., 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba, Shizuoka 421-8513, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Watanabe
- Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba, Shizuoka 421-8513, Japan
| | - Kazuto Yamashita
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yokota
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Tsujinaga S, Iwano H, Murai D, Hayashi T, Yokoyama S, Nishino H, Nakabachi M, Ichikawa A, Abe A, Kawata T, Daimon M, Oonishi T, Sakata Y, Yamada S. P1431Right ventricular strain of a line segment as a feasible parameter of right ventricular systolic function in patients with advanced heart failure referred for left ventricular assist device therapy. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.p1431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
38
|
Ohtani N, Iwano H, Suda K, Tsuji E, Tanemura K, Inoue H, Yokota H. Adverse effects of maternal exposure to bisphenol F on the anxiety- and depression-like behavior of offspring. J Vet Med Sci 2016; 79:432-439. [PMID: 28025458 PMCID: PMC5326953 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), a well-known endocrine disruptor, is metabolized and eliminated rapidly from the body in adult animals. However, many authors have reported that perinatal BPA exposure alters development of the brain, reproductive system and behavior in the next generation. Recently, BPA substitutes, especially bisphenol F (BPF), have been used because of concerns about the influence of BPA on children, although the actual effects on the next generation are unknown. In this study, we observed behavioral adverse effects of the offspring of mice exposed to BPA or BPF in fetal period. Female C57BL/6 mice were given oral BPA or BPF (0 or 10 mg/kg body weight) daily from gestational day 11.5 to 18.5. The open field test, the elevated plus maze test and the forced swim test were performed at postnatal week 10. BPF exposure altered offspring behavior significantly, resulting in increases in anxiety and depressive state. The influence of BPF was stronger than that of BPA. We demonstrated novel evidence that BPF influences the behavior of offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Ohtani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ohtani N, Iwano H, Hozumi N, Inoue H, Yokota H. The mechanism of influences on the next-generation of mice caused by prenatal Bisphenol F exposure. Toxicol Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.07.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
40
|
Yamaguchi K, Ishii M, Maeda N, Iwano H, Yokota H. Suppression of liver Apo E secretion leads to HDL/cholesterol immaturity in rats administered ethinylestradiol. FEBS Open Bio 2016; 6:928-36. [PMID: 27642556 PMCID: PMC5011491 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethinylestradiol (EE), a main component of the combined oral contraceptive pill, is associated with an increased risk of arterial diseases. However, the toxicity mechanism of EE is poorly understood. In this study, we found that the exposure to EE reduced the serum apolipoprotein E (Apo E) level and high‐density lipoprotein (HDL)/cholesterol concentration in adult female rats. Diethylstilbestrol showed the same effects and both reductions were suppressed by coadministration of tamoxifen (TAM). Liver perfusion experiments revealed that the secretion rate of Apo E from the liver was significantly reduced. It is concluded that EE damages the maturation of HDL/cholesterol by delaying Apo E secretion from the liver, and this may lead to an increased risk of arterial diseases, such as atheromas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry School of Veterinary Medicine Rakuno Gakuken University Ebetsu Japan
| | - Mariko Ishii
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry School of Veterinary Medicine Rakuno Gakuken University Ebetsu Japan
| | - Naoyuki Maeda
- Safety Research Institute for Chemical Compounds Co. Ltd Sapporo Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry School of Veterinary Medicine Rakuno Gakuken University Ebetsu Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yokota
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry School of Veterinary Medicine Rakuno Gakuken University Ebetsu Japan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Fukumoto S, Saida K, Sakai H, Ueno H, Iwano H, Uchide T. Therapeutic potential of endothelin inhibitors in canine hemangiosarcoma. Life Sci 2016; 159:55-60. [PMID: 26835989 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Hemangiosarcoma (HSA) that originates from vascular endothelial cells is the most common splenic malignant neoplasm in dogs, as it accounts for approximately 20% of all canine soft tissue sarcomas. In this study, inhibitory effects of endothelin receptor antagonists on the growth of HSA cells were examined using cell lines established from canine HSA. MAIN METHODS The preproendothelin-1 (PPET-1), endothelin type A receptor (ETA) and endothelin type B receptor (ETB) mRNA expression levels in HSA cell lines (n=5) were analyzed quantitatively by real-time RT-PCR. These levels were compared with those in HSA tissues (n=11) and those in normal splenic tissues (n=6). ETA and ETB protein expression was examined by western blot. The production and secretion of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and big ET-1 by cell lines were analyzed by measuring the levels in the culture medium by ELISA. The inhibitory effects of endothelin receptor antagonists (ambrisentan, BQ788 and bosentan) on cell growth were evaluated by WST-8 assay. KEY FINDINGS The PPET1 and ETA mRNA expression levels were elevated in HSA tissues and HSA cell lines compared with normal tissues. In cell lines, the production of ET-1 and big ET-1 peptide as well as the expression of ETA protein were detected, but the levels of ETB were not measured. Ambrisentan and bosentan inhibited growth activity in cell lines. Ambrisentan was more effective than bosentan. SIGNIFICANCE These findings demonstrate the importance of the ETA axis in canine HSA as well as the potential of ETA inhibitors in the treatment of canine HSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Fukumoto
- Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Kaname Saida
- Institute for Biomedical Research, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sakai
- Veterinary Pathology, Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1112, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueno
- Veterinary Surgery, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Uchide
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Shimoyama Y, Akihara Y, Kirat D, Iwano H, Hirayama K, Kagawa Y, Ohmachi T, Matsuda K, Okamoto M, Kadosawa T, Yokota H, Taniyama H. Expression of Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 in Oral and Ocular Canine Melanocytic Tumors. Vet Pathol 2016; 44:449-57. [PMID: 17606506 DOI: 10.1354/vp.44-4-449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Solid tumors are composed of a heterogeneous population of cells surviving in various concentrations of oxygen. In a hypoxic environment, tumor cells generally up-regulate glycolysis and, therefore, generate more lactate that must be expelled from the cell through proton transporters to prevent intracellular acidosis. Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) is a major proton transporter in mammalian cells that transports monocarboxylates, such as lactate and pyruvate, together with a proton across the plasma membrane. Melanocytic neoplasia occurs frequently in dogs, but the prognosis is highly site-dependent. In this study, 50 oral canine melanomas, which were subdivided into 3 histologic subtypes, and 17 ocular canine melanocytic neoplasms (14 melanocytomas and 3 melanomas) were used to examine and compare MCT1 expression. Immunohistochemistry using a polyclonal chicken anti-rat MCT1 antibody showed that most oral melanoma exhibited cell membrane staining, although there were no significant differences observed among the 3 histologic subtypes. In contrast, the majority of ocular melanocytic tumors were not immunoreactive. Additionally, we documented the presence of a 45-kDa band in cell membrane protein Western blots, and sequencing of a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction band of expected size confirmed its identity as a partial canine MCT1 transcript in 3 oral tumors. Increased MCT1 expression in oral melanomas compared with ocular melanocytic tumors may reflect the very different biology between these tumors in dogs. These results are the first to document canine MCT1 expression in canine tumors and suggest that increased MCT1 expression may provide a potential therapeutic target for oral melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Shimoyama
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582-1 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ochiai Y, Iwano H, Sakamoto T, Hirabayashi M, Kaneko E, Watanabe T, Yamashita K, Yokota H. Blood biochemical changes in mice after administration of a mixture of three anesthetic agents. J Vet Med Sci 2016; 78:951-6. [PMID: 26902544 PMCID: PMC4937154 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, from the viewpoint of animal welfare, anesthesia or analgesia is required during experimental
procedures in animals that are likely to cause pain. A part of these anesthetics have been reported to
influence a blood biochemical level. It is important for us to understand the effect of the anesthetic on
blood biochemistry when we choose the anesthetic agent to be used in experiments. In this study, we examined
the blood biochemical changes in mice after administration of a new mixture of three anesthetic agents
−medetomidine / midazolam / butorphanol (MMB). We subcutaneously administered two dose combinations of MMB
(0.45 / 6 / 7.5 and 0.9 / 12 / 15 mg/kg) in mice, followed by administration of atipamezole, for reversal of
anesthetic effects, after 1 hr. Thereafter, blood biochemistry was assessed at 1, 4 and 24 hr after MMB
administration. We observed that MMB administration caused a transient increase in blood sugar, inorganic
phosphorus, potassium and creatine kinase levels. These, however, returned to the reference range 24 hr after
MMB administration. In conclusion, MMB changes the levels of some blood biochemical parameters, but not to an
extent that would threaten health. However, when using laboratory animals, this effect of MMB may influence
the experimental results, depending on the experimental content. Hence, the choice of anesthetic agents used
in laboratory animals should be based on detailed knowledge of their pharmacological effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Ochiai
- Chugai Research Institute for Medical Science, Inc., 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba, Shizuoka 421-8513, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Furusawa T, Iwano H, Higuchi H, Yokota H, Usui M, Iwasaki T, Tamura Y. Bacteriophage can lyse antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from canine diseases. J Vet Med Sci 2016; 78:1035-8. [PMID: 26876365 PMCID: PMC4937139 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a pathogen frequently identified as the cause of diverse
infections or chronic disease. This microbe has natural resistance to several kinds of antibiotics, because of
the species’ outer membrane, efflux pumps and growth as a biofilm. This bacterium can acquire increased
resistance with specific point mutations. Bacteriophage (phage), however, can lyse these bacteria. Therefore,
in the present study, we assessed the host range of phages isolates and their ability to lyse
antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa. Present phages could lyse many strains of P.
aeruginosa (28/39), including strains with high resistance to fluoroquinolones (4/6). In
conclusion, application of phages for antibiotic-resistant bacteria is greatly effective. To avoid pervasive
antibiotic-resistant bacteria, further development of phage usage for disease treatment is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Furusawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
In isolated hepatocytes, the environmental estrogen bisphenol A (BPA) is metabolized into
a mono-glucuronide and a glucuronide/sulfate diconjugate. Little is known about the fate
of the diconjugate in the liver. The present study focused on the metabolism and
dispostion of BPA diconjugate in the liver using a perfusion method. In Sprague-Dawley
rats, BPA (15,150 or 1,500 nmol) was applied into the liver. In male rats, the infused BPA
was conjugated to both glucuronide and a diconjugate during passage through the liver. The
diconjugate was observed at high-dose application of the substrate. In female rats, the
chemical was conjugated almost exclusively to the glucuronide in all doses utilized in
this study. In both the male and female rats, the resultant metabolites were
preferentially excreted into the bile. These results suggest that BPA is conjugated
primarily to mono-glucuronide in rat liver; and that in males, diconjugate production
occurs under conditions of high-dose exposure to BPA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Inoue
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ebisawa M, Iwano H, Nishikawa M, Tochigi Y, Komatsu T, Endou Y, Hirayama K, Taniyama H, Kadosawa T, Yokota H. Significance of caveolin-1 and matrix metalloproteinase 14 gene expression in canine mammary tumours. Vet J 2015; 206:191-6. [PMID: 26364240 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Canine mammary tumours (CMTs) are the most common neoplasms affecting female dogs. There is an urgent need for molecular biomarkers that can detect early stages of the disease in order to improve accuracy of CMT diagnosis. The aim of this study was to examine whether caveolin-1 (Cav-1) and matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP14) are associated with CMT histological malignancy and invasion. Sixty-five benign and malignant CMT samples and six normal canine mammary glands were analysed using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Cav-1 and MMP14 genes were highly expressed in CMT tissues compared to normal tissues. Cav-1 especially was overexpressed in malignant and invasive CMT tissues. When a CMT cell line was cultured on fluorescent gelatin-coated coverslips, localisation of Cav-1 was observed at invadopodia-mediated degradation sites of the gelatin matrix. These findings suggest that Cav-1 may be involved in CMT invasion and that the markers may be useful for estimating CMT malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ebisawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - H Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan.
| | - M Nishikawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Y Tochigi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - T Komatsu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Y Endou
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - K Hirayama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - H Taniyama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - T Kadosawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - H Yokota
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Yabusaki R, Iwano H, Tsushima S, Koike N, Ohtani N, Tanemura K, Inoue H, Yokota H. Weak activity of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase toward Bisphenol analogs in mouse perinatal development. J Vet Med Sci 2015; 77:1479-84. [PMID: 26074487 PMCID: PMC4667667 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely used industrial chemical that disrupts endocrine function.
BPA is an endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) that has been demonstrated to affect
reproductive organ development, brain development, metabolic disease and post-natal
behavior. Accordingly, Bisphenol analogs, Bisphenol F (BPF, bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane)
and Bisphenol AF (BPAF, 4,4-hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphenol) are used as replacements
for BPA. BPA is mainly metabolized by UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT), UGT2B1, but this
effective metabolizing system is weak in the fetus. In the present study, we demonstrated
that hepatic UGT activity toward BPAF was very weak, in comparison with BPA and BPF, in
the fetus, pups and dams. Conversely, hepatic UGT activity toward BPF was very weak in the
fetus and newborn pups, and was increased to the same level as BPA post-partum. In
conclusion, BPAF possibly tends to accumulate in the fetus, because of weak metabolism
during the perinatal period, suggesting that the metabolism of individual Bisphenol
analogs requires assessment to properly gauge their risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Risa Yabusaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Gondaira S, Higuchi H, Iwano H, Nakajima K, Kawai K, Hashiguchi S, Konnai S, Nagahata H. Cytokine mRNA profiling and the proliferative response of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells to Mycoplasma bovis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2015; 165:45-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
49
|
Fukumoto S, Miyasho T, Hanazono K, Saida K, Kadosawa T, Iwano H, Uchide T. Big endothelin-1 as a tumour marker for canine haemangiosarcoma. Vet J 2015; 204:269-74. [PMID: 25920760 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Haemangiosarcoma (HSA) is an important malignant neoplasm of dogs that originates from vascular endothelial cells. This study explored the suitability of using serum big endothelin-1 (ET-1) as a tumour marker for canine spontaneous HSA. Serum big ET-1 was measured in dogs with splenic HSA (n = 14), splenic malignant tumours other than HSA (n = 10), benign splenic lesions (n = 11) and normal healthy dogs (n = 17) by ELISA. Serum big ET-1 levels in dogs with HSA were significantly (P < 0.01) higher than in other dogs. High sensitivity (100%, 95% confidence interval 86-100%) and specificity (95%, 95% confidence interval 86-95%) for HSA diagnosis were obtained using a cut-off of 17 pg/mL according to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (area under ROC curve 0.93). PPET1, ETA, VEGF and Hif1-α mRNA expression, measured by real-time PCR, were elevated in HSA compared with normal tissues. These findings suggest that elevated serum big ET-1 could be used as a diagnostic marker for canine HSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Fukumoto
- Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Taku Miyasho
- Companion Animal Nutrition, Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Kiwamu Hanazono
- Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Kaname Saida
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kadosawa
- Veterinary Oncology, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Uchide
- Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hanazono K, Fukumoto S, Kawamura Y, Endo Y, Kadosawa T, Iwano H, Uchide T. Epidermal growth factor receptor expression in canine transitional cell carcinoma. J Vet Med Sci 2014; 77:1-6. [PMID: 25223345 PMCID: PMC4349531 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.14-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transitional cell carcinoma
(TCC), a urinary bladder tumor with high mortality, is encountered commonly in dogs.
Whereas overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is associated with
development of human urinary bladder cancer, information on EGFR expression in canine TCC
is lacking. In this study, EGFR protein and mRNA expression in canine normal bladder
(n=5), polypoid cystitis (n=5) and TCC (n=25) were examined by immunohistochemistry and
real-time polymerase chain reaction. EGFR protein expression was significantly higher in
TCC than that in normal healthy bladder (P<0.001) and polypoid
cystitis (P<0.005). High EGFR protein expression was significantly
(P<0.01) associated with TCC with a sensitivity of 72% and
specificity of 100%. Comparative analysis of protein and mRNA expression levels in TCC
showed significant positive correlation (r=0.88, P<0.05) between mRNA
and protein expression. These findings suggest that intense expression of EGFR protein
could be used as a marker to help canine TCC diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiwamu Hanazono
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai Midorimachi, Ebetsu-shi, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|