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Improved Outcome for ALL by Prolonging Therapy for IKZF1 Deletion and Decreasing Therapy for Other Risk Groups. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:4130-4142. [PMID: 37459571 DOI: 10.1200/jco.22.02705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The ALL10 protocol improved outcomes for children with ALL by stratifying and adapting therapy into three minimal residual disease-defined risk groups: standard risk, medium risk (MR), and high risk. IKZF1-deleted (IKZF1del) ALL in the largest MR group still showed poor outcome, in line with protocols worldwide, accounting for a high number of overall relapses. ALL10 showed high toxicity in Down syndrome (DS) and excellent outcome in ETV6::RUNX1 ALL. Poor prednisone responders (PPRs) were treated as high risk in ALL10. In ALL11, we prolonged therapy for IKZF1del from 2 to 3 years. We reduced therapy for DS by omitting anthracyclines completely, for ETV6::RUNX1 in intensification, and for PPR by treatment as MR. METHODS Eight hundred nineteen patients with ALL (age, 1-18 years) were enrolled on ALL11 and stratified as in ALL10. Results were compared with those in ALL10. RESULTS The five-year overall survival (OS), event-free survival (EFS), cumulative risk of relapse (CIR), and death in complete remission on ALL11 were 94.2% (SE, 0.9%), 89.0% (1.2), 8.2% (1.1), and 2.3% (0.6), respectively. Prolonged maintenance for IKZF1del MR improved 5-year CIR by 2.2-fold (10.8% v 23.4%; P = .035) and EFS (87.1% v 72.3%; P = .019). Landmark analysis at 2 years from diagnosis showed a 2.9-fold reduction of CIR (25.6%-8.8%; P = .008) and EFS improvement (74.4%-91.2%; P = .007). Reduced therapy did not abrogate 5-year outcome for ETV6::RUNX1 (EFS, 98.3%; OS, 99.4%), DS (EFS, 87.0%; OS, 87.0%), and PPR (EFS, 81.1%; OS, 94.9%). CONCLUSION Children with IKZF1del ALL seem to benefit from prolonged maintenance therapy. Chemotherapy was successfully reduced for patients with ETV6::RUNX1, DS, and PPR ALL. It has to be noted that these results were obtained in a nonrandomized study using a historical control group.
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Ovarian cancer prevention by opportunistic salpingectomy is a new de facto standard in Germany. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:6953-6966. [PMID: 36847838 PMCID: PMC10374707 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04578-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The most prevalent and aggressive subtype of epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC), high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), originates in many cases from the fallopian tubes. Because of poor prognosis and lack of effective screening for early detection, opportunistic salpingectomy (OS) for prevention of EOC is being implemented into clinical routine in several countries worldwide. Taking the opportunity of a gynecological surgery in women at average cancer risk, extramural fallopian tubes are completely resected preserving the ovaries with their infundibulopelvic blood supply. Until recently, only 13 of the 130 national partner societies of the International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology (FIGO) have published a statement on OS. This study aimed to analyze the acceptance of OS in Germany. METHODS (1) Survey of German gynecologists in 2015 and 2022 by the Department of Gynecology of the Jena University Hospital in co-operation with the Department of Gynecology at Charité-University Medicine Berlin with support of NOGGO e. V. and AGO e. V. (2) Salpingectomy numbers in Germany for years 2005-2020 as retrieved from the Federal Statistical Office of Germany (Destatis). RESULTS (1) Survey: Number of participants was 203 in 2015 and 166 in 2022, respectively. Nearly all respondents (2015: 92%, 2022: 98%) have already performed bilateral salpingectomy without oophorectomy in combination with benign hysterectomy with the intention to reduce the risk for malignant (2015: 96%, 2022: 97%) and benign (2015: 47%, 2022: 38%) disorders. Compared to 2015 (56.6%), considerably more survey participants performed OS in > 50% or in all cases in 2022 (89.0%). Recommendation of OS for all women with completed family planning at benign pelvic surgery was approved by 68% in 2015 and 74% in 2022. (2) Case number analysis: In 2020, four times more cases of salpingectomy were reported by German public hospitals compared to 2005 (n = 50,398 vs. n = 12,286). Of all inpatient hysterectomies in German hospitals in 2020, 45% were combined with salpingectomy, and more than 65% in women at the age of 35 to 49 years. CONCLUSION Mounting scientific plausibility regarding involvement of fallopian tubes in the pathogenesis of EOC led to change of clinical acceptance of OS in many countries including in Germany. Case number data and widespread expert judgment demonstrate that OS has become a routine procedure in Germany and a de facto standard for primary prevention of EOC.
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The power of effective study design in animal Experimentation: Exploring the statistical and ethical implications of asking multiple questions of a data set. Brain Behav Immun 2023:S0889-1591(23)00156-3. [PMID: 37315700 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the chief advantages of using highly standardised biological models including model organisms is that multiple variables can be precisely controlled so that the variable of interest is more easily studied. However, such an approach often obscures effects in sub-populations resulting from natural population heterogeneity. Efforts to expand our fundamental understanding of multiple sub-populations are in progress. However, such stratified or personalised approaches require fundamental modifications of our usual study designs that should be implemented in Brain, Behavior and Immunity (BBI) research going forward. Here we explore the statistical feasibility of asking multiple questions (including incorporating sex) within the same experimental cohort using statistical simulations of real data. We illustrate and discuss the large explosion in sample numbers necessary to detect effects with appropriate power for every additional question posed using the same data set. This exploration highlights the strong likelihood of type II errors (false negatives) for standard data and type I errors when dealing with complex genomic data, where studies are too under-powered to appropriately test these interactions. We show this power may differ for males and females in high throughput data sets such as RNA sequencing. We offer a rationale for the use of alternative experimental and statistical strategies based on interdisciplinary insights and discuss the real-world implications of increasing the complexities of our experimental designs, and the implications of not attempting to alter our experimental designs going forward.
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Clonal heterogeneity and rates of specific chromosome gains are risk predictors in childhood high-hyperdiploid B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:2899-2919. [PMID: 35726693 PMCID: PMC9394234 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL) is the commonest childhood cancer. High hyperdiploidy (HHD) identifies the most frequent cytogenetic subgroup in childhood B‐ALL. Although hyperdiploidy represents an important prognostic factor in childhood B‐ALL, the specific chromosome gains with prognostic value in HHD‐B‐ALL remain controversial, and the current knowledge about the hierarchy of chromosome gains, clonal heterogeneity and chromosomal instability in HHD‐B‐ALL remains very limited. We applied automated sequential‐iFISH coupled with single‐cell computational modeling to identify the specific chromosomal gains of the eight typically gained chromosomes in a large cohort of 72 primary diagnostic (DX, n = 62) and matched relapse (REL, n = 10) samples from HHD‐B‐ALL patients with either favorable or unfavorable clinical outcome in order to characterize the clonal heterogeneity, specific chromosome gains and clonal evolution. Our data show a high degree of clonal heterogeneity and a hierarchical order of chromosome gains in DX samples of HHD‐B‐ALL. The rates of specific chromosome gains and clonal heterogeneity found in DX samples differ between HHD‐B‐ALL patients with favorable or unfavorable clinical outcome. In fact, our comprehensive analyses at DX using a computationally defined risk predictor revealed low levels of trisomies +18+10 and low levels of clonal heterogeneity as robust relapse risk factors in minimal residual disease (MRD)‐negative childhood HHD‐B‐ALL patients: relapse‐free survival beyond 5 years: 22.1% versus 87.9%, P < 0.0001 and 33.3% versus 80%, P < 0.0001, respectively. Moreover, longitudinal analysis of matched DX‐REL HHD‐B‐ALL samples revealed distinct patterns of clonal evolution at relapse. Our study offers a reliable prognostic sub‐stratification of pediatric MRD‐negative HHD‐B‐ALL patients.
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Prevalence and Perceptions Towards Hidradenitis suppurativa; A Cross-Sectional Study in a Non-Dermatological Outpatient Population. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:e392-e394. [PMID: 35034401 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Minimal residual disease (MRD) detection in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia based on fusion genes and genomic deletions: towards MRD for all. Br J Haematol 2021; 194:888-892. [PMID: 34337744 PMCID: PMC9291030 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Minimal residual disease (MRD) diagnostics are implemented in most clinical protocols for patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and are mostly performed using rearranged immunoglobulin (IG) and/or T-cell receptor (TR) gene rearrangements as molecular polymerase chain reaction targets. Unfortunately, in 5-10% of patients no or no sensitive IG/TR targets are available, and patients therefore cannot be stratified appropriately. In the present study, we used fusion genes and genomic deletions as alternative MRD targets in these patients, which retrospectively revealed appropriate MDR stratification in 79% of patients with no (sensitive) IG/TR target, and a different risk group stratification in more than half of the cases.
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Dietary intake of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and changes in body weight in European adults. Eur J Nutr 2020; 59:2893-2904. [PMID: 31701336 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02129-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) can be formed in foods by the reaction of reducing sugars with proteins, and have been shown to induce insulin resistance and obesity in experimental studies. We examined the association between dietary AGEs intake and changes in body weight in adults over an average of 5 years of follow-up. METHODS A total of 255,170 participants aged 25-70 years were recruited in ten European countries (1992-2000) in the PANACEA study (Physical Activity, Nutrition, Alcohol, Cessation of smoking, Eating out of home in relation to Anthropometry), a sub-cohort of the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition). Body weight was measured at recruitment and self-reported between 2 and 11 years later depending on the study center. A reference database for AGEs was used containing UPLC-MS/MS-measured Nε-(carboxymethyl)-lysine (CML), Nε-(1-carboxyethyl)-lysine (CEL), and Nδ-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolon-2-yl)-ornithine (MG-H1) in 200 common European foods. This reference database was matched to foods and decomposed recipes obtained from country-specific validated dietary questionnaires in EPIC and intake levels of CEL, CML, and MG-H1 were estimated. Associations between dietary AGEs intake and body weight change were estimated separately for each of the three AGEs using multilevel mixed linear regression models with center as random effect and dietary AGEs intake and relevant confounders as fixed effects. RESULTS A one-SD increment in CEL intake was associated with 0.111 kg (95% CI 0.087-0.135) additional weight gain over 5 years. The corresponding additional weight gain for CML and MG-H1 was 0.065 kg (0.041-0.089) and 0.034 kg (0.012, 0.057), respectively. The top six food groups contributing to AGEs intake, with varying proportions across the AGEs, were cereals/cereal products, meat/processed meat, cakes/biscuits, dairy, sugar and confectionary, and fish/shellfish. CONCLUSION In this study of European adults, higher intakes of AGEs were associated with marginally greater weight gain over an average of 5 years of follow-up.
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Abstract 2541: MicroRNA-497~195 cluster suppresses acute lymphoblastic leukemia growth by targeting CCND3/CDK4 and inhibiting cell cycle progression. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-2541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy of childhood. Relapse is associated with poor prognosis, requiring further investigation on high-risk leukemias. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of physiological processes. Deregulated miRNAs have been described to play a role in the initiation and progression of leukemia.
Here, we investigated miRNA expression profiles comparing leukemia samples of patients with good and poor outcome, also characterized by slow or rapid engraftment, respectively, upon transplantation into NOD/SCID mice.
We found downregulation of the miR-497~195 cluster in B-cell precursor (BCP)-ALL patient-derived xenograft samples with rapid engraftment and early relapse. Accordingly, in an independent cohort, patients with a high expression of miR-497 or miR-195 showed higher event-free survival. We identified promoter methylation as the mechanism responsible for miR-497~195 downregulation, as it was associated with low miR-497~195 levels in xenografts and treatment with the demethylating agent Decitabine increased miR-497~195 expression in BCP-ALL cell lines.
To study the role of miR-497~195 in BCP-ALL, we stably overexpressed the cluster in three xenograft samples. MiR-497~195 overexpression impaired engraftment of leukemic cells in NOD/SCID mice, as compared to control cells, prolonging recipient survival. Gene expression profiling and ex vivo analysis of miR-497~195 overexpressing xenograft cells showed that inhibition of cell proliferation is a mechanism responsible for the miRNA cluster tumor suppressive role.
Mechanistically, CDK4 and CCND3 were downregulated at mRNA and protein levels upon miR-497~195 overexpression, leading to decreased RB1 phosphorylation, reduced transcription of E2F target genes, and inhibition of the entry in S phase. CDK4 mediated G1/S transition is also inhibited by CDKN2A and CDKN2B, which are deleted in 20% of BCP-ALL. Deletion of CDKN2A/B and concomitant low miR-497~195 expression were particularly associated with a high proportion of early relapse cases in our cohort, indicating that impaired regulation of G1/S transition is critical for ALL aggressiveness. Importantly, targeting this pathway with the CDK4/CDK6 inhibitor Palbociclib impaired ex vivo growth of BCP-ALL xenograft samples, indicating a possible therapeutic strategy.
Altogether, we showed that the tumor-suppressive cluster miR-497~195 is downregulated by epigenetic repression in BCP-ALL and that low expression is associated with early relapse and rapid engraftment. Low miR-497~195 expression might cooperate with deletion of CDKN2A/B promoting tumor progression, through loss of CCND3/CDK4-dependent control of cell cycle regulation.
Citation Format: Elena Boldrin, Enrico Gaffo, Judith Boer, Salih Demir, Julia Zinngrebe, Rainer Claus, Christoph Plass, Monique L. den Boer, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Geertruy te Kronnie, Stefania Bortoluzzi, Lüder Hinrich Meyer. MicroRNA-497~195 cluster suppresses acute lymphoblastic leukemia growth by targeting CCND3/CDK4 and inhibiting cell cycle progression [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 2541.
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Characterization of perianal fistulas in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33:e337-e338. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Does obesity cause a distinct phenotype of hidradenitis suppurativa? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 32:e195-e196. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sexual health and quality of life are impaired in hidradenitis suppurativa: a multicentre cross-sectional study. Br J Dermatol 2017; 176:1042-1047. [PMID: 27534591 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) has a major impact on patients' quality of life (QoL). Although it has commonly been assumed that HS impairs sexual health, only a single case-control study has been performed on sexual functioning in a small group of patients with HS. OBJECTIVES To investigate the QoL with a particular focus on sexual health in a substantial population of patients with HS. METHODS In total 916 patients with HS received an invitation to participate in this multicentre cross-sectional survey. RESULTS Three hundred patients completed the questionnaires. This study showed a diminished QoL and sexual health in patients with HS (Female Sexual Function Index: 21·6 ± 9·6, International Index of Erectile Function: 49·7 ± 20·7, Arizona Sexual Experience Scale: 16·7 ± 5·3, Dermatology Life Quality Index: 12·5 ± 7·5). Sexual health was associated with QoL in women but not in men. Female sex and late onset of HS were associated with poor sexual function. Impairment of QoL was associated with anogenital involvement, early onset of HS, disease severity and disease activity. CONCLUSIONS HS is associated with impaired sexual health and QoL. Physicians should not hesitate to ask patients with HS about their sexual function and, when needed, offer them psychological support.
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Roles of UGT, P450, and Gut Microbiota in the Metabolism of Epacadostat in Humans. Drug Metab Dispos 2016; 44:1668-74. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.116.070680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Azathioprine lacks efficacy in hidradenitis suppurativa: a retrospective study of nine patients. Br J Dermatol 2015; 174:639-41. [PMID: 26285784 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Establishment of a European Registry for hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa by using an open source software. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 30:1424-6. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Hidradenitis suppurativa: a pilot study to determine the capability of patients to self-assess their Hurley stage. Br J Dermatol 2015; 172:1418-9. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Resolution of hidradenitis suppurativa after weight loss by dietary measures, especially on frictional locations. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 30:895-6. [PMID: 25731202 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Risk factors, clinical course and long‐term prognosis in hidradenitis suppurativa: a cross‐sectional study. Br J Dermatol 2014; 171:819-24. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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PO-0975: Applicator based-image registration to support image guided adaptive cervix brachytherapy in clinical routine. Radiother Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)31093-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Myeloid marker S100A8/A9 and lymphocyte marker, soluble interleukin 2 receptor: biomarkers of hidradenitis suppurativa disease activity? Br J Dermatol 2013; 168:1252-8. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic recurrent inflammatory skin disease with abscess formation and scarring predominantly in the inverse areas. The disease is often difficult to treat and patients experience a decreased quality of life (QoL). It is hypothesized that depression is more common in HS patients than among other dermatological patients. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the prevalence of depression in patients with HS. METHODS In total 211 HS patients were included in the study and 233 were dermatological control patients. Their QoL and depression scores were assessed using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and the Major Depression Inventory (MDI) questionnaires. HS severity was recorded with a questionnaire and Hurley stages were extracted from the case records. RESULTS The DLQI was significantly higher for HS patients than for the control patients, 8.4 ± 7.5 vs. 4.3 ± 5.6 (P < 0.0001) and correlated with Hurley stage severity scores. Mean MDI scores were significantly higher for HS patients, 11.0 vs. 7.2 (P < 0.0001). However, clinically defined depression rates according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition (ICD-10) criteria were not significantly higher in HS patients compared to controls (9% vs. 6%). CONCLUSIONS HS is a chronic skin disease with major impact on QoL even when compared to other dermatological diseases. MDI scores in HS patients correlate with disease severity. This correlation could indicate that the MDI represents a valid measure of disease related morbidity that may serve as an outcome measure in future studies and a relevant point of intervention for individual patients.
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Alterations in leucocyte subsets and histomorphology in normal-appearing perilesional skin and early and chronic hidradenitis suppurativa lesions. Br J Dermatol 2011; 166:98-106. [PMID: 21929531 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10643.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current insight into the histopathological course of events during disease progression in hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is fragmentary. OBJECTIVES To identify histological alterations and leucocyte subsets in normal-appearing perilesional skin, and early and chronic HS lesions. METHODS In this observational study we examined eight perilesional skin samples, and six early and 10 chronic prototypic HS lesions, as well as skin samples from four healthy donors using in situ immunostaining. RESULTS Perilesional skin showed mild psoriasiform hyperplasia and follicular plugging as well as a low-grade influx of tryptase-positive mast cells, CD3+ T cells, CD138+ plasma cells and factor XIIIa+ dendritic cells. In early HS lesions, neutrophilic abscess formation and influx of mainly macrophages, monocytes and dendritic cells predominated. In chronic disease, the infiltrate expanded with markedly increased frequencies of CD20+ and CD79a+ B cells and CD138+ plasma cells. As in early lesions, free keratin fibres were detected in the dermis and within giant cells. Single detached keratinocytes and strands of follicular epithelium were observed in the dermis, the latter frequently expressing Ki67, indicative of active proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Psoriasiform hyperplasia, follicular plugging and low-grade leucocytic infiltration are already present in normal-appearing perilesional skin. Keratin fibres in the dermis are associated with clinical disease. Early lesions are characterized by neutrophilic abscess formation and influx of mainly histiocytes, and chronic lesions mainly by expansion of B cells and plasma cells in 'pseudo' follicles. Proliferating strands of follicular epithelium may initiate fistula formation. Mast cells are increased in all stages of HS including perilesional skin.
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A phase I dose-escalation study of INCB028060, an inhibitor of c-MET receptor tyrosine kinase, in patients with advanced solid tumors. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.3091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Long-term results of acitretin therapy for hidradenitis suppurativa. Is acne inversa also a misnomer? Br J Dermatol 2010; 164:170-5. [PMID: 20874789 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10071.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Resorcinol peels as a possible self-treatment of painful nodules in hidradenitis suppurativa. Clin Exp Dermatol 2009; 35:36-40. [PMID: 19549239 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2009.03377.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by abscess formation localized to apocrine sweat gland-bearing skin. The most important factor in patients' overall assessment of disease severity is pain. The duration of abscesses takes days to weeks and are always painful. AIM To assess the efficacy of self-treatment with topical 15% resorcinol in an open study. METHODS The case notes of 12 women with stage 1 or 2 HS treated with topical resorcinol and followed up for at least 1 year were reviewed. The patients rated the efficacy of treatment on global maximum pain of nodules and abscesses on a visual analogue scale (VAS) and by self-report of the mean duration (days) of a painful lesion. RESULTS All patients experienced a significant decrease in pain as assessed by VAS and reported a reduction in mean duration of the painful abscesses. CONCLUSIONS Topical treatment with 15% resorcinol reduced pain from painful nodules in all patients with HS. Further trials are warranted to confirm these results.
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Preclinical in vivo characterization of INCB028060, a novel, potent and highly selective c-Met inhibitor. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.14561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Expression and genomic profiling of colorectal cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2006; 1775:103-37. [PMID: 17010523 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2006.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2006] [Revised: 08/11/2006] [Accepted: 08/12/2006] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer still represents a paradigm for the elucidation of the cellular, genetic and molecular mechanisms that underly solid tumor initiation, progression to malignancy, and metastasis to distal organ sites. The relative ease with which pathological specimens can be obtained by either surgery or endoscopy from different stages of tumor progression has facilitated the application of omics technologies to allow the genome-wide analysis both at the RNA (gene expression) and DNA (aneuploidy) levels. Here, we have reviewed the multiplicity of studies appeared to date in the scientific literature on the expression and genomic analysis of colorectal cancer, and attempted an integration of the profiling data generated and made available in the public domain. This approach is likely to pinpoint specific chromosomal loci and the corresponding genes which (i) play rate-limiting roles in colorectal cancer, (ii) represent putative diagnostic and prognostic markers for the accurate prediction of clinical outcome and response to treatment, and (iii) encompass potential therapeutic targets. Moreover, cross-species data mining and integration of the human colorectal cancer profiles with those obtained from mouse models of intestinal tumorigenesis will even more contribute to the elucidation of highly conserved pathways and cellular functions underlying malignancy in the GI tract. Notwithstanding the above promises, tumor heterogeneity, limited cohort sizes, and methodological differences among experimental and bioinformatic approaches still poses main obstacles towards the optimal utilization and integration of omics profiles.
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A positive correlation between history of psoriasis response to sunlight and the response to UVB phototherapy. What are the consequences? Clin Exp Dermatol 2005; 30:453-4; author reply 454. [PMID: 15953105 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2005.01808.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Cellular solid-phase binding assay and mass spectrometry for screening of alpha 4 beta 7 integrin antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:2997-3000. [PMID: 11714596 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00611-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A qualitative cellular solid-phase binding assay for screening alpha 4 beta 7 integrin antagonists attached via photolinker to TentaGel Macrobeads has been developed. An activation of the integrins with Mn(2+) was necessary to achieve binding to the bead bound antagonists. The identification of the resin bound compounds was done by mass spectrometry.
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Abstract
Interactions of the integrins alpha(4)beta(7) with its cognate ligand mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) play a crucial role in the development of mucosa-associated lymphoid organs, in the generation of mucosal immune responses, and in diverse pathological processes such as chronic inflammatory bowel disease and type I diabetes. Using a previously developed spatial screening technique we describe the development of potent and selective alpha(4)beta(7) integrin antagonists based on the domain 1 Leu-Asp-Thr (LDT) sequence of MAdCAM-1 that is essential for alpha(4)beta(7) integrin binding. A library of homodetic cyclic penta- and hexapeptides was synthesized presenting the pharmacophoric LDT-sequence in different conformations. The cyclic hexapeptide P10 cyclo(Leu-Asp-Thr-Ala-D-Pro-Ala) inhibits alpha(4)beta(7) integrin mediated cell adhesion to MAdCAM-1 effectively. Further optimization of the lead structure P10 resulted in cyclic hexapeptides with enhanced activity. The compounds P25 cyclo(Leu-Asp-Thr-Ala-D-Pro-Phe), P28 cyclo(Leu-Asp-Thr-Asp-D-Pro-Phe), P29 cyclo(Leu-Asp-Thr-Asp-D-Pro-His), and P30 cyclo(Leu-Asp-Thr-Asp-D-Pro-Tyr) strongly inhibited alpha(4)beta(7) integrin mediated cell adhesion to MAdCAM-1, but they did not affect binding of the closely related alpha(4)beta(1) integrin to VCAM-1.
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Abstract
MOTIVATION The technology of hybridization to DNA arrays is used to obtain the expression levels of many different genes simultaneously. It enables searching for genes that are expressed specifically under certain conditions. However, the technology produces large amounts of data demanding computational methods for their analysis. It is necessary to find ways to compare data from different experiments and to consider the quality and reproducibility of the data. RESULTS Data analyzed in this paper have been generated by hybridization of radioactively labeled targets to DNA arrays spotted on nylon membranes. We introduce methods to compare the intensity values of several hybridization experiments. This is essential to find differentially expressed genes or to do pattern analysis. We also discuss possibilities for quality control of the acquired data. AVAILABILITY http://www.dkfz.de/tbi CONTACT M.Vingron@dkfz-heidelberg.de
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Eurotransplant randomized multicenter kidney graft preservation study comparing HTK with UW and Euro–Collins. Transpl Int 1999. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.1999.tb00773.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Role of L-arginine in the deficiency of nitric oxide and airway hyperreactivity after the allergen-induced early asthmatic reaction in guinea-pigs. Br J Pharmacol 1999; 128:1114-20. [PMID: 10556950 PMCID: PMC1571725 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0702882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
1. Using a guinea-pig model of allergic asthma, we investigated the role of L-arginine limitation in the allergen-induced deficiency of nitric oxide (NO) and airway hyperreactivity (AHR) after the early asthmatic reaction, by examining the effects of various concentrations of the NO synthase (NOS) substrate on the responsiveness to methacholine of isolated perfused tracheae from unchallenged (control) animals and from animals 6 h after ovalbumin challenge. 2. Preparations from ovalbumin-challenged guinea-pigs showed a 1.9 fold increase in the maximal response (Emax) to intraluminal (IL) administration of methacholine compared to controls (P<0.001). A similar 2.0 fold (P<0.05) increase in Emax to methacholine was observed in control airways incubated with the NOS inhibitor Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 0.1 mM, IL), while L-NAME had no further effect on the airways from ovalbumin-challenged animals. 3. In control airways, extraluminal (EL) administration of 0.3, 1.0 and 5.0 mM L-arginine all suppressed the Emax for methacholine by approximately 40% (P<0.01 all), whereas 5.0 mM D-arginine (EL) had no effect. 4. L-Arginine dose-dependently reduced the AHR to methacholine in tracheae from ovalbumin-challenged guinea-pigs, the responsiveness being normalized in the presence of 5.0 mM L-arginine. As in controls, 5.0 mM D-arginine was without effect. 5. The results demonstrate that deficiency of endogenous NO contributes to the allergen-induced AHR to methacholine after the early asthmatic reaction, which is reversed by exogenous administration of L-arginine. This indicates that limitation of substrate may underly the reduced cNOS activity and subsequent AHR after the acute asthmatic response.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral isotretinoin has been used to treat mild to severe hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). OBJECTIVE We reviewed the results of low-dose isotretinoin for 4 to 6 months in the treatment of 68 patients with HS. METHODS This is a retrospective study. Data are presented in terms of response rate, long-term follow-up, and the relation between response rate and severity. RESULTS In 16 patients (23.5%), the condition completely cleared during initial therapy and 11 patients (16.2%) maintained their improvement during the follow-up period. Treatment was more successful in the milder forms of HS. CONCLUSION Monotherapy with isotretinoin for patients with HS usually has a limited therapeutic effect.
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[A young patient with chronic recurrent leg ulcers; hyperhomocysteinemia and heterozygote for factor V Leiden]. NEDERLANDS TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR GENEESKUNDE 1998; 142:2706-7. [PMID: 10094656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Overexpression of the nucleoporin CAN/NUP214 induces growth arrest, nucleocytoplasmic transport defects, and apoptosis. Mol Cell Biol 1998; 18:1236-47. [PMID: 9488438 PMCID: PMC108836 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.18.3.1236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/1997] [Accepted: 12/02/1997] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The human CAN gene was first identified as a target of t(6;9)(p23;q34), associated with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome, which results in the expression of a DEK-CAN fusion gene. CAN, also called NUP214, is a nuclear pore complex (NPC) protein that contains multiple FG-peptide sequence motifs. It interacts at the NPC with at least two other proteins, the nucleoporin NUP88 and hCRM1 (exportin 1), which was recently shown to function as a nuclear export receptor. Depletion of CAN in knockout mouse embryonic cells results in cell cycle arrest in G2, followed by inhibition of nuclear protein import and a block of mRNA export. We overexpressed CAN and DEK-CAN in U937 myeloid precursor cells. DEK-CAN expression did not interfere with terminal myeloid differentiation of U937 cells, whereas CAN-overexpressing cells arrested in G0, accumulated mRNA in their nuclei, and died in an apoptotic manner. Interestingly, we found that hCRM1 and import factor p97/importin beta colocalized with the ectopically expressed CAN protein, resulting in depletion of both factors from the NPC. Overexpression of the C-terminal FG-repeat region of CAN, which contains the binding site for hCRM1, caused sequestering of hCRM1 in the nucleoplasm and was sufficient to inhibit cell growth and to induce apoptosis. These results confirm that CAN plays a crucial role in nucleocytoplasmic transport and imply an essential role for hCRM1 in cell growth and survival.
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1.P.243 Lipoprotein lipase variants Asp9 → Asn and Asp291 → Ser are associated with increased plasma triglyceride and lower HDL cholesterol concentrations — studies in the fasting and postprandial states. Atherosclerosis 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9150(97)88423-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lipoprotein lipase variants D9N and N291S are associated with increased plasma triglyceride and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations: studies in the fasting and postprandial states: the European Atherosclerosis Research Studies. Circulation 1997; 96:733-40. [PMID: 9264476 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.96.3.733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variations at the DNA level with moderate effects on biochemical variables may be important for the occurrence of disease at the population level, if they are common. Two mutations in the LPL gene, N9 and S291, are associated with variation in fasting plasma concentrations of HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG). We investigated whether these mutants were more frequent in offspring of cases with premature coronary disease and analyzed the effects on fasting plasma lipids and postprandial TG. METHODS AND RESULTS Students with and without paternal history of myocardial infarction (cases and control subjects [controls]) were studied in the European Atherosclerosis Research Studies I and II (EARS-I and -II). Allelic frequencies for the N9 and S291 mutations did not differ between cases and control subjects. The N9 mutation was identified in 4.2% of all subjects in EARS-I, and carriers had higher fasting TG levels (P<.001) than noncarriers. In an oral fat tolerance test, there were no differences in postprandial TG between carriers and noncarriers of the N9 allele. The S291 mutation was identified in 3.1% of all subjects in EARS-I, and carriers had lower fasting HDL-C levels (P<.005) than noncarriers. There was a significant interaction between S291 genotype and body mass index on fasting TG levels (P<.01). In the cases, carriers of the S291 allele had higher TG levels 6 hours postprandially (P<.04) than did noncarriers. CONCLUSIONS The two LPL mutations are common and may predispose to elevated TG and decreased HDL-C concentrations, even in young subjects. In the case of the S291 mutation, this effect appears to be mediated via delayed postprandial TG clearance. Moreover, even moderate obesity potentiates the TG-raising and HDL-lowering effects associated with the S291 allele.
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Loss of the DEK-CAN fusion transcript in a child with t(6;9) acute myeloid leukemia following chemotherapy and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Leukemia 1997; 11:299-300. [PMID: 9009096 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2400554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Bone Marrow Transplantation
- Child, Preschool
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6/ultrastructure
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/ultrastructure
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/therapy
- Male
- Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/analysis
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Remission Induction
- Translocation, Genetic/genetics
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Hidradenitis suppurativa or acne inversa. A clinicopathological study of early lesions. Br J Dermatol 1996; 135:721-5. [PMID: 8977671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) has given rise to controversy about whether the central pathogenetic feature is an apocrine follicular occlusion (with subsequent bacterial infection) or it is a folliculitis with secondary involvement of both apocrine and eccrine sweat glands. Most previous concepts have focused on apocrine gland involvement. A prospective study of 27 consecutive patients (39 biopsies) was performed to investigate the immune-histological findings in early, newly formed lesions. Most of them were examined within 3 days of clinical onset. Histopathological findings showed that the initial lesion is an occluding spongiform infundibulo-folliculitis. Furthermore, it was found that T cells predominated in the lymphocytic cell population. A high percentage of HLA-DR positive lymphocytes was found in an inverse relationship with Leu-8 positive lymphocytes. Additionally, a sharp decline in the T-helper/suppressor ratio was observed after the initiation. These results reveal that the primary event in HS is an infundibulofolliculitis with secondary involvement of apocrine glands. Acne inversa would be a more appropriate name.
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Interaction of cellular proteins with the leukemia specific fusion proteins DEK-CAN and SET-CAN and their normal counterpart, the nucleoporin CAN. Oncogene 1996; 13:1801-8. [PMID: 8895527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The recurrent chromosomal translocation (6;9) is associated with acute myeloid leukemia and results in expression of the DEK-CAN fusion protein. This oncoprotein consists of almost the entire DEK protein fused to the C-terminal two-thirds of the CAN protein. In much the same way, CAN is fused to SET in a patient with acute undifferentiated leukemia, producing a SET-CAN fusion protein. Interestingly, CAN is associated with the nuclear pore complex (NPC) and we recently established its crucial role in nucleocytoplasmic transport processes and cell cycle progression. As a first step in the biochemical analysis of the oncogenic mechanism associated with translocation (6;9), we set out to identify proteins that interact with CAN and its fusion proteins. We found that two proteins specifically co-immunoprecipitate with CAN. One had a molecular mass of 88 kDa protein (CC88) and was determined to associate with the central region of CAN that contains several protein interaction motifs. A second protein of 112 kDa (CC112) was found to interact with the C-terminal nucleoporin-specific repeat of CAN, a region that is supposed to function in nucleocytoplasmic transport. CC112 also interacts with the DEK-CAN and SET-CAN fusion proteins. This finding suggests that CC112 may contribute an essential function to the leukemogenic effect of DEK-CAN and SET-CAN.
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G2 arrest and impaired nucleocytoplasmic transport in mouse embryos lacking the proto-oncogene CAN/Nup214. EMBO J 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00942.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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G2 arrest and impaired nucleocytoplasmic transport in mouse embryos lacking the proto-oncogene CAN/Nup214. EMBO J 1996; 15:5574-83. [PMID: 8896451 PMCID: PMC452302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The vertebrate nucleopore complex (NPC) is a 125 MDa multiprotein assembly that mediates nucleocytoplasmic transport. One of its components, CAN/Nup214, is an FXFG repeat-containing protein known to be involved in myeloid leukemia in humans. We have devised a powerful genetic approach, using maternally derived protein in murine null embryos, to show that CAN/ Nup214 is essential for NPC function in vivo. We demonstrate that CAN-/- mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells are not viable and that CAN-/- embryos die in utero between 4.0 and 4.5 days postcoitum, following the depletion of their CAN from maternal sources. In 3.5-day-old mutant embryos, cultured in vitro, progressive depletion of CAN leads to cell cycle arrest in G2 phase, and eventually to blastocoel collapse, impaired NLS-mediated protein uptake and nuclear accumulation of polyadenylated RNA. Remarkably, these defective CAN-depleted embryos do not display any gross morphological abnormalities in their nuclear envelopes or NPCs. Our data suggest that CAN is critical to cell cycle progression and required for both nuclear protein import and mRNA export.
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Relocation of the carboxyterminal part of CAN from the nuclear envelope to the nucleus as a result of leukemia-specific chromosome rearrangements. Oncogene 1995; 10:1739-48. [PMID: 7753551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Fusion genes encoding the 3' part of the can gene are implicated in two types of leukemia. The dek-can fusion gene is present in t(6;9) acute myeloid leukemia and the set-can fusion gene is present in one case of acute undifferentiated leukemia. In order to obtain leads towards the molecular basis of these diseases, we have studied the cellular localization of the DEK-CAN and SET-CAN fusion proteins and their normal counterparts. DEK-CAN and SET-CAN were localized exclusively in the nucleus, and also DEK and SET were found to be nuclear proteins. However, CAN was mainly located at the nuclear and cytoplasmic face of the nuclear envelope. This observation is in accordance with the presence of an amino acid repeat in the C-terminal part of CAN, common to the family of nucleoporins. The C-terminal part also contains a nuclear location domain as shown by deletion analysis. This domain may be important for the presence of CAN at the nucleoplasmic side of the nuclear envelope. The relocation of the carboxyterminal part of CAN due to DEK-CAN and SET-CAN may reinforce a nuclear function of the CAN protein.
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Abstract
This study was aimed at investigating the effect of exercise on energy balance under dietary conditions differing by the relative lipid content of foods. Nine healthy men performed a 60-min treadmill exercise followed by a 48-h observation period during which they maintained their habitual daily activities and had free access to either a low-fat, a mixed, or a high-fat diet. Energy balance, summing up the excess of energy expended during exercise and the 48-h postexercise energy balance, was -6.4, -4.5, and 0.9 MJ under low-fat, mixed, and high-fat diet conditions, respectively. These observations suggest that exercise can induce a substantial energy deficit when a low-fat diet conforming to nutritional recommendations is consumed after exercise. They also suggest that the increase in energy intake associated with a high-fat diet is sufficient to fully compensate for the energy deficit resulting from the energy cost of exercise and the increase in postexercise energy expenditure.
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Abstract
This is a case report of two patients with chronic plaque psoriasis in whom cutaneous nerve damage resulted in clearance of the disease at that site. In both patients reappearance of the psoriasis occurred with recovery of cutaneous sensation. The role of cutaneous sensation in the maintenance of skin disorders and, in particular, the role of neuropeptides in the pathogenesis of psoriasis are discussed.
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