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Findley C, McFadden S, Hill T, Peck M, Quinn K, Hascup K, Hascup E. Altered Hippocampal Glutamatergic Neurotransmission and Cognitive Impairment in APP Knock-In Mice. bioRxiv 2023:2023.12.05.570100. [PMID: 38106074 PMCID: PMC10723272 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.05.570100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that glutamatergic neurotransmission plays an essential role in learning and memory. Previous studies indicate that glutamate dynamics shift with Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression, contributing to negative cognitive outcomes. In this study, we characterized hippocampal glutamatergic signaling with age and disease progression in a knock-in mouse model of AD (APPNL-F/NL-F). At 2-4 and 18+ months old, male and female APPNL/NL, APPNL-F/NL-F, and C57BL/6 mice underwent cognitive assessment using Morris water maze (MWM) and Novel Object Recognition (NOR). Then, basal and 70 mM KCl stimulus-evoked glutamate release was measured in the dentate gyrus (DG), CA3, and CA1 regions of the hippocampus using a glutamate-selective microelectrode in anesthetized mice. Glutamate recordings support elevated stimulus-evoked glutamate release in the DG and CA3 of young APPNL-F/NL-F male mice that declined with age compared to age-matched control mice. Young female APPNL-F/NL-F mice exhibited increased glutamate clearance in the CA1 that slowed with age compared to age-matched control mice. Male and female APPNL-F/NL-F mice exhibited decreased CA1 basal glutamate levels, while males also showed depletion in the CA3. Cognitive assessment demonstrated impaired spatial cognition in aged male and female APPNL-F/NL-F mice, but only aged females displayed recognition memory deficits compared to age-matched control mice. These findings confirm a sex-dependent hyper-to-hypoactivation glutamatergic paradigm in APPNL-F/NL-F mice. Further, data illustrate a sexually dimorphic biological aging process resulting in a more severe cognitive phenotype for female APPNL-F/NL-F mice than their male counterparts. Research outcomes mirror that of human AD pathology and provide further evidence of divergent AD pathogenesis between sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C.A. Findley
- Neuroscience Institute, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer’s Research and Treatment, Depts of Neurology
- Pharmacology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - S.A. McFadden
- Neuroscience Institute, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer’s Research and Treatment, Depts of Neurology
| | - T. Hill
- Neuroscience Institute, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer’s Research and Treatment, Depts of Neurology
| | - M.R. Peck
- Neuroscience Institute, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer’s Research and Treatment, Depts of Neurology
| | - K. Quinn
- Neuroscience Institute, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer’s Research and Treatment, Depts of Neurology
| | - K.N. Hascup
- Neuroscience Institute, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer’s Research and Treatment, Depts of Neurology
- Pharmacology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
- Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - E.R. Hascup
- Neuroscience Institute, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer’s Research and Treatment, Depts of Neurology
- Pharmacology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
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2
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Holman A, Quinn K, Kumar R, Kmiecik S, Ali A, Kurouski D. Fatty Acids Reverse the Supramolecular Chirality of Insulin Fibrils. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:6935-6939. [PMID: 37498215 PMCID: PMC10863027 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Long-chain unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCUFAs and LCPUFAs, respectively) are the essential components of phospholipids and sphingolipids, major building blocks of plasma and organelle membranes. These molecules are also involved in cell signaling and energy metabolism. Hence, both LCUFAs and LCPUFAs are broadly used as food supplements. However, the role of these fatty acids (FAs) in the self-assembly of misfolded proteins remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of LCUFAs and LCPUFAs, as well as their saturated analogue, on insulin aggregation. Using vibrational circular dichroism, we found that all analyzed FAs reversed the supramolecular chirality of insulin fibrils. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that strong hydrophobic interactions were formed between the long aliphatic tails of FAs and hydrophobic amino acid residues of insulin. We infer that such insulin:FA complexes had different self-assembly mechanisms compared to that of insulin alone, which resulted in the observed reversal of the supramolecular chirality of the amyloid fibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan
P. Holman
- Department
of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department
of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M
University, College
Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | | | - Rakesh Kumar
- Biological
and Chemical Research Center, University
of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-089, Poland
| | - Sebastian Kmiecik
- Biological
and Chemical Research Center, University
of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-089, Poland
| | - Abid Ali
- Department
of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M
University, College
Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Dmitry Kurouski
- Department
of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M
University, College
Station, Texas 77843, United States
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3
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Rizevsky S, Zhaliazka K, Matveyenka M, Quinn K, Kurouski D. Lipids reverse supramolecular chirality and reduce toxicity of amyloid fibrils. FEBS J 2022; 289:7537-7544. [PMID: 35736671 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Abrupt aggregation of misfolded proteins is a hallmark of many medical pathologies including diabetes type 2, Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases. This results in the formation of amyloid fibrils, protein aggregates with distinct supramolecular chirality. A growing body of evidence suggests that lipids can alter rates of protein aggregation. In this study, we investigated whether lipids could alter the supramolecular chirality of amyloid fibrils. We found that if present at the stage of protein aggregation, phospho- and sphingolipids uniquely reversed supramolecular chirality of insulin and lysozyme fibrils. Furthermore, amyloid fibrils with opposite supramolecular chirality exerted distinctly different cell toxicity. Specifically, insulin and lysozyme fibrils with reversed supramolecular chirality were less toxic to cells than the aggregates with normal supramolecular chirality. These findings point on the important role of lipids and supramolecular chirality of amyloid fibrils in the onset and progression of amyloid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Rizevsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Department of Biotechnology, Binh Duong University, Thu Dau Mot, Vietnam
| | - Kiryl Zhaliazka
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Mikhail Matveyenka
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - Dmitry Kurouski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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4
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Berman M, Ali A, Macklam D, Garcia Saez D, Jothidasan A, Husain M, Stock U, Mehta V, Venkateswaran R, Curry P, Messer S, Mukadam M, Mascaro J, Clarke S, Baxter J, Tsui S, Large S, Osman M, Kaul P, Boda G, Jenkins D, Simmonds J, Quigley R, Whitney J, Gardiner D, Watson C, Rubino A, Currie I, Foley J, Macleod A, Slater C, Marley F, Downward L, Rushton S, Armstrong L, Ayton L, Ryan M, Parker M, Gibson S, Spence S, Quinn K, Watson S, Forsythe J. UK National DCD Heart Transplant Program - First Year Experience. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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5
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Cogswell D, Bisesi P, Markwald RR, Cruickshank-Quinn C, Quinn K, McHill A, Melanson EL, Reisdorph N, Wright KP, Depner CM. Identification of a Preliminary Plasma Metabolome-based Biomarker for Circadian Phase in Humans. J Biol Rhythms 2021; 36:369-383. [PMID: 34182829 PMCID: PMC9134127 DOI: 10.1177/07487304211025402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Measuring individual circadian phase is important to diagnose and treat circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders and circadian misalignment, inform chronotherapy, and advance circadian science. Initial findings using blood transcriptomics to predict the circadian phase marker dim-light melatonin onset (DLMO) show promise. Alternatively, there are limited attempts using metabolomics to predict DLMO and no known omics-based biomarkers predict dim-light melatonin offset (DLMOff). We analyzed the human plasma metabolome during adequate and insufficient sleep to predict DLMO and DLMOff using one blood sample. Sixteen (8 male/8 female) healthy participants aged 22.4 ± 4.8 years (mean ± SD) completed an in-laboratory study with 3 baseline days (9 h sleep opportunity/night), followed by a randomized cross-over protocol with 9-h adequate sleep and 5-h insufficient sleep conditions, each lasting 5 days. Blood was collected hourly during the final 24 h of each condition to independently determine DLMO and DLMOff. Blood samples collected every 4 h were analyzed by untargeted metabolomics and were randomly split into training (68%) and test (32%) sets for biomarker analyses. DLMO and DLMOff biomarker models were developed using partial least squares regression in the training set followed by performance assessments using the test set. At baseline, the DLMOff model showed the highest performance (0.91 R2 and 1.1 ± 1.1 h median absolute error ± interquartile range [MdAE ± IQR]), with significantly (p < 0.01) lower prediction error versus the DLMO model. When all conditions (baseline, 9 h, and 5 h) were included in performance analyses, the DLMO (0.60 R2; 2.2 ± 2.8 h MdAE; 44% of the samples with an error under 2 h) and DLMOff (0.62 R2; 1.8 ± 2.6 h MdAE; 51% of the samples with an error under 2 h) models were not statistically different. These findings show promise for metabolomics-based biomarkers of circadian phase and highlight the need to test biomarkers that predict multiple circadian phase markers under different physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cogswell
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - P Bisesi
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - R R Markwald
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - C Cruickshank-Quinn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - K Quinn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - A McHill
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - E L Melanson
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Eastern Colorado Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Denver, Colorado
| | - N Reisdorph
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - K P Wright
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - C M Depner
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Kelly N, Hawkins E, O’leary H, Quinn K, Murphy G, Larkin L. POS1465-HPR THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR AND SLEEP IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, autoimmune inflammatory condition that affects 0.5% of the adult population worldwide (1). Sedentary behavior (SB) is any waking behavior characterized by an energy expenditure of ≤1.5 METs (metabolic equivalent) and a sitting or reclining posture, e.g. computer use (2) and has a negative impact on health in the RA population (3). Sleep is an important health behavior, but sleep quality is an issue for people living with RA (4, 5). Poor sleep quality is associated with low levels of physical activity in RA (4) however the association between SB and sleep in people who have RA has not been examined previously.Objectives:The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between SB and sleep in people who have RA.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted. Patients were recruited from rheumatology clinics in a large acute public hospital serving a mix of urban and rural populations. Inclusion criteria were diagnosis of RA by a rheumatologist according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria age ≥ 18 and ≤ 80 years; ability to mobilize independently or aided by a stick; and to understand written and spoken English. Demographic data on age, gender, disease duration and medication were recorded. Pain and fatigue were measured by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. SB was measured using the ActivPAL4™ activity monitor, over a 7-day wear period. Descriptive statistics were calculated to describe participant characteristics. Relationships between clinical characteristics and SB were examined using Pearson’s correlation coefficients and regression analyses.Results:N=76 participants enrolled in the study with valid data provided by N=72 participants. Mean age of participants was 61.5years (SD10.6) and the majority 63% (n = 47) were female. Participant mean disease duration was 17.8years (SD10.9). Mean SB time was 533.7 (SD100.1) minutes (8.9 hours per day/59.9% of waking hours). Mean sleep quality score was 7.2 (SD5.0) (Table 1). Correlation analysis and regression analysis found no significant correlation between sleep quality and SB variables. Regression analysis demonstrated positive statistical associations for SB time and body mass index (p-value=0.03846, R2 = 0.05143), SB time and pain VAS (p-value=0.009261, R2 = 0.07987), SB time and HADS (p-value = 0.009721, R2 = 0.08097) and SB time and HADSD (p-value = 0.01932, R2 = 0.0643).Conclusion:We found high levels of sedentary behavior and poor sleep quality in people who have RA, however no statistically significant relationship was found in this study. Future research should further explore the complex associations between sedentary behavior and sleep quality in people who have RA.References:[1]Carmona L, et al. Rheumatoid arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2010;24:733–745.[2]Anon. Letter to the editor: standardized use of the terms “sedentary” and “sedentary behaviours”. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab = Physiol Appl Nutr Metab 2012;37:540–542.[3]Fenton, S.A.M. et al. Sedentary behaviour is associated with increased long-term cardiovascular risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis independently of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 18, 131 (2017).[4]McKenna S, et al. Sleep and physical activity: a cross-sectional objective profile of people with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int. 2018 May;38(5):845-853.[5]Grabovac, I., et al. 2018. Sleep quality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and associations with pain, disability, disease duration, and activity. Journal of clinical medicine, 7(10)336.Table 1.Sleep quality in people who have RASleep variableBed Time N(%) before 10pm13(18%) 10pm-12pm43 (60%) after 12pm16 (22%)Hours Sleep mean(SD)6.56 (1.54)Fall Asleep minutes mean(SD)33.3(27.7)Night Waking N(%)45(63%)Self-Rate Sleep mean(SD)2.74 (0.90)Hours Sleep mean(SD)6.56 (1.54)Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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7
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Berlie A, Terry I, Szablewski M, Quinn K. No evidence for room temperature ferromagnetism in the high temperature metal-organic material: Ni 2TCNQ. J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 33:065801. [PMID: 33169725 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abb545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The search for ferromagnetic organic-based compounds has been a particular challenge to both chemists and physicists over the past few decades. The synthesis of the Ni2A, where A is an organic acceptor; tetracyanoethene (TCNE), 3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) or 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) (Jain et al 2007 Nature 445 291), was reported to be a great advancement with claims that the ferromagnetism persisted to well above room temperature. There were, however some substantial flaws in the methodology associated with the synthesis and physical characterisation. Our work solely studies the Ni2TCNQ compound where we find no evidence for the existence of inherent ferromagnetism within the material that was reported in the original paper. Instead, we find that the magnetism is due to superparamagnetic nickel nanoparticles embedded in an amorphous matrix. It is hoped that our work will also show that one must be careful when using Ni(COD)2 as a precursor in the synthesis of magnetic materials and that the usefulness of the reported synthetic method is extremely limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Berlie
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Terry
- Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Marek Szablewski
- Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Kimberly Quinn
- Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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8
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Cogswell DT, Bisesi PJ, Markwald RR, Cruickshank-Quinn C, Quinn K, McHill AW, Melanson EL, Reisdorph N, Wright KP, Depner CM. 0050 Identification of a Plasma Metabolome-Based Biomarker for Dim-Light Melatonin Offset and Onset in Humans. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Easily measuring individual circadian timing is increasingly important to inform personalized chronotherapy, screen for circadian disorders and circadian misalignment, and advance circadian research. Findings from multiple studies show that transcriptomics is a viable method to estimate dim-light melatonin onset (DLMO), but no published omics-based findings have predicted dim-light melatonin offset (DLMOff), and only one known study has used metabolomics to predict DLMO. Here, we developed and tested a plasma metabolomics-based biomarker of circadian phase using DLMO and DLMOff as phase markers.
Methods
Sixteen (8M/8F) healthy participants aged 22.4 ± 4.8y (mean ± SD) completed an in-laboratory study with 3 baseline days (9h sleep opportunity/night), followed by a randomized cross-over protocol with 9h sleep and 5h sleep conditions, each lasting 5 days. Blood was collected every 4h on the final 24h of each condition for untargeted metabolomics analyses. DLMO and DLMOff were determined during the final 24h of each condition. Samples from all conditions were randomly split into training (68%) and test (32%) datasets. DLMO and DLMOff models were developed using partial least squares regression in the training dataset and validated in the test dataset.
Results
When validating with the test dataset, R2 for the DLMO model was 0.60, median absolute error (MdAE) was 2.2 ± 2.8h (± interquartile range), and 44% of samples had MdAE under 2h. R2 for the DLMOff model was 0.62, MdAE was 1.8 ± 2.6, and 51% of samples had MdAE under 2h. The DLMOff model predicted baseline samples, under conditions of 9h sleep and controlled food intake, with an R2 of 0.91 and MdAE 1.1 ± 1.1h.
Conclusion
These findings show promise for metabolomics-based biomarkers of circadian phase and highlight the need for biomarker efforts to predict multiple circadian phase markers. Additional analyses with an independent validation dataset will help advance these initial findings.
Support
NIH-R01HL085705, NIH-R01HL109706, NIH-R01HL132150, NIH-K01HL145099, NIH-F32DK111161, and NIH-UL1TR000154; and Sleep Research Society Foundation 011-JP-16;
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P J Bisesi
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | | | | | - K Quinn
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - A W McHill
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - E L Melanson
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - N Reisdorph
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - K P Wright
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - C M Depner
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO
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Marinovich R, Li Z, Tamasi T, Quinn K, Wong S, McIntyre CW. Hemodynamic response to non-pneumatic anti-shock compression garments in patients with renal dysfunction. BMC Nephrol 2020; 21:15. [PMID: 31937266 PMCID: PMC6958707 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-019-1680-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with chronic kidney disease are at higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Chronic exposure to intermittent hemodialysis may be a source of added stress to the cardiovascular system; intradialytic hypotension is a common complication of hemodialysis, and repeated events may lead to hemodynamic stress and ischemic injuries. Administration of non-pneumatic compression stockings to the lower limbs has demonstrated hemodynamic stabilizing effects in other settings and may provide similar benefits in the kidney disease population. Therefore, we conducted this pilot study assessing the feasibility and tolerability of the application of non-pneumatic compression stockings to patients with kidney disease. We also assessed the changes in hemodynamic measurements following the application of the compression stockings to explore the biological feasibility of this being an effective intervention for intradialytic hypotension. Methods Fifteen individuals were enrolled in the study (5 healthy, 5 chronic kidney disease patients, and 5 dialysis patients). Outcomes including hemodynamic parameters such as cardiac output, peripheral vascular resistance, and blood pressure were measured using continuous pulse wave analysis. Changes in global longitudinal strain were measured via echocardiography. These outcome measurements were made before and after the application of compression stockings. Results All study participants tolerated the compression garments well and without complication. Hemodynamic response to lower body compression caused varying effects on cardiac output, mean arterial pressure and global longitudinal strain. Some individuals saw large improvements in hemodynamic parameters while in others the opposite effect was observed. No consistent response was elicited. Conclusions Application of compression stockings to patients with renal dysfunction is well-tolerated. However, significant variations in hemodynamic outcomes exist, and may be a barrier for larger scale trials without prior identification of specific patient characteristics indicating likely benefit from the application of external compression. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT02915627, Registration Date: Sept 27, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Marinovich
- Schulich School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Building Room M101, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada.
| | - Z Li
- Schulich School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Building Room M101, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - T Tamasi
- Kidney Clinical Research Unit, London Health Sciences Centre, 800 Commissioners Rd E, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - K Quinn
- Schulich School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Building Room M101, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada.,Kidney Clinical Research Unit, London Health Sciences Centre, 800 Commissioners Rd E, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - S Wong
- Schulich School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Building Room M101, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - C W McIntyre
- Schulich School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Building Room M101, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada.,Kidney Clinical Research Unit, London Health Sciences Centre, 800 Commissioners Rd E, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada
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10
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Shaffer M, Thurimella K, Quinn K, Doenges K, Zhang X, Bokatzian S, Reisdorph N, Lozupone CA. AMON: annotation of metabolite origins via networks to integrate microbiome and metabolome data. BMC Bioinformatics 2019; 20:614. [PMID: 31779604 PMCID: PMC6883642 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-019-3176-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Untargeted metabolomics of host-associated samples has yielded insights into mechanisms by which microbes modulate health. However, data interpretation is challenged by the complexity of origins of the small molecules measured, which can come from the host, microbes that live within the host, or from other exposures such as diet or the environment. Results We address this challenge through development of AMON: Annotation of Metabolite Origins via Networks. AMON is an open-source bioinformatics application that can be used to annotate which compounds in the metabolome could have been produced by bacteria present or the host, to evaluate pathway enrichment of host verses microbial metabolites, and to visualize which compounds may have been produced by host versus microbial enzymes in KEGG pathway maps. Conclusions AMON empowers researchers to predict origins of metabolites via genomic information and to visualize potential host:microbe interplay. Additionally, the evaluation of enrichment of pathway metabolites of host versus microbial origin gives insight into the metabolic functionality that a microbial community adds to a host:microbe system. Through integrated analysis of microbiome and metabolome data, mechanistic relationships between microbial communities and host phenotypes can be better understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shaffer
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - K Thurimella
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - K Quinn
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 80045CO, Aurora, USA
| | - K Doenges
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 80045CO, Aurora, USA
| | - X Zhang
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 80045CO, Aurora, USA.,Present address: BioElectron Technology Corporation, Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA
| | - S Bokatzian
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 80045CO, Aurora, USA
| | - N Reisdorph
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 80045CO, Aurora, USA
| | - C A Lozupone
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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11
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Quinn K, Newans T, Buxton S, Thomson T, Tyler R, Minahan C. Movement patterns of players in the Australian Women's Rugby League team during international competition. J Sci Med Sport 2019; 23:315-319. [PMID: 31706824 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the movement patterns of the Australian Women's Rugby League team during international competition. DESIGN Retrospective observational study. METHODS Global Positioning Systems technology recorded the movements of players from the Australian Women's Rugby League team (n=31) during seven international rugby league matches. A subgroup of players (n=18) that played at least 80min in a match were categorized into three positional groups: forwards (n=7), backs (n=7) and halves (n=4), and analysed for external outputs that were classified into multiple speed zones. Mean speed (mmin-1) and mean speed when travelling >12kmh-1 (MS12; mmin-1) were calculated for each 10% interval of playing time of both groups to assess changes in match intensity. RESULTS Total distance travelled was greater in the first half (3332.9m compared to 3249.0m), along with distances travelled at speeds >15kmh-1 (p<0.05), whereas players travelled further at speeds <6kmh-1 in the second half (p=0.005). Backs travelled further at speeds <6kmh-1 (p=0.002) and >15kmh-1 (p=0.007) compared to forwards. Mean speed significantly reduced across the first and second halves (p<0.05), while MS12 reduced by ∼40% in the first half of the match (i.e. first ∼5min compared to the last ∼5min). CONCLUSION These results provide coaches with sport-specific activity profiles of female rugby league players that can be used to individualise training prescription. Given that match-intensity deteriorated across the first and second halves, programs may be targeted at improving endurance and supramaximal exercise tolerance in order for female players to withstand high match-demands of international competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Quinn
- Griffith Sports Physiology and Performance, Griffith University Gold Coast, Australia; Queensland Academy of Sport, Australia.
| | - T Newans
- Griffith Sports Physiology and Performance, Griffith University Gold Coast, Australia
| | - S Buxton
- National Rugby League, Rugby League Central, Australia
| | - T Thomson
- National Rugby League, Rugby League Central, Australia
| | - R Tyler
- National Rugby League, Rugby League Central, Australia
| | - C Minahan
- Griffith Sports Physiology and Performance, Griffith University Gold Coast, Australia
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Loree J, Jonker D, Feilotter H, Kennecke H, Brohawn P, Banks K, Quinn K, Tu D, O’Callaghan C, Chen E. Impact of clonality and DNA repair mutations on plasma tumour mutation burden (pTMB) and immunotherapy efficacy in microsatellite stable (MSS) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in CCTG CO.26. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz246.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Aggarwal C, Thompson J, Chien A, Quinn K, Lefterova M, Nagy R, Yee S, Lariviere M, Ciunci C, Singh A, Bauml J, Cohen R, Langer C, Carpenter E. MA25.04 Blood-Based Tumor Mutation Burden as a Predictive Biomarker for Outcomes After Pembrolizumab Based First Line Therapy in Metastatic NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Si H, Kuziora M, Helman E, Quinn K, Brohawn P, Raja R, Ranade K, Higgs B. A plasma-based assay for assessment of tumour mutational burden in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer in the first-line treatment setting: Results from the MYSTIC study. Eur J Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2019.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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G, Browning T, Coughenour M, Sulk E, Tsalikan M, Tansey J, Cabbage N. Identical and Nonidentical Twins: Risk and Factors Involved in Development of Islet Autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2019; 42:192-199. [PMID: 30061316 PMCID: PMC6341285 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are variable reports of risk of concordance for progression to islet autoantibodies and type 1 diabetes in identical twins after one twin is diagnosed. We examined development of positive autoantibodies and type 1 diabetes and the effects of genetic factors and common environment on autoantibody positivity in identical twins, nonidentical twins, and full siblings. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Subjects from the TrialNet Pathway to Prevention Study (N = 48,026) were screened from 2004 to 2015 for islet autoantibodies (GAD antibody [GADA], insulinoma-associated antigen 2 [IA-2A], and autoantibodies against insulin [IAA]). Of these subjects, 17,226 (157 identical twins, 283 nonidentical twins, and 16,786 full siblings) were followed for autoantibody positivity or type 1 diabetes for a median of 2.1 years. RESULTS At screening, identical twins were more likely to have positive GADA, IA-2A, and IAA than nonidentical twins or full siblings (all P < 0.0001). Younger age, male sex, and genetic factors were significant factors for expression of IA-2A, IAA, one or more positive autoantibodies, and two or more positive autoantibodies (all P ≤ 0.03). Initially autoantibody-positive identical twins had a 69% risk of diabetes by 3 years compared with 1.5% for initially autoantibody-negative identical twins. In nonidentical twins, type 1 diabetes risk by 3 years was 72% for initially multiple autoantibody-positive, 13% for single autoantibody-positive, and 0% for initially autoantibody-negative nonidentical twins. Full siblings had a 3-year type 1 diabetes risk of 47% for multiple autoantibody-positive, 12% for single autoantibody-positive, and 0.5% for initially autoantibody-negative subjects. CONCLUSIONS Risk of type 1 diabetes at 3 years is high for initially multiple and single autoantibody-positive identical twins and multiple autoantibody-positive nonidentical twins. Genetic predisposition, age, and male sex are significant risk factors for development of positive autoantibodies in twins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor M. Triolo
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Alexandra Fouts
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Laura Pyle
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Liping Yu
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Peter A. Gottlieb
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Andrea K. Steck
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
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Romagnani L, Robinson APL, Clarke RJ, Doria D, Lancia L, Nazarov W, Notley MM, Pipahl A, Quinn K, Ramakrishna B, Wilson PA, Fuchs J, Willi O, Borghesi M. Dynamics of the Electromagnetic Fields Induced by Fast Electron Propagation in Near-Solid-Density Media. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:025001. [PMID: 30720299 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.025001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The propagation of fast electron currents in near solid-density media was investigated via proton probing. Fast currents were generated inside dielectric foams via irradiation with a short (∼0.6 ps) laser pulse focused at relativistic intensities (Iλ^{2}∼4×10^{19} W cm^{-2} μm^{2}). Proton probing provided a spatially and temporally resolved characterization of the evolution of the electromagnetic fields and of the associated net currents directly inside the target. The progressive growth of beam filamentation was temporally resolved and information on the divergence of the fast electron beam was obtained. Hybrid simulations of electron propagation in dense media indicate that resistive effects provide a major contribution to field generation and explain well the topology, magnitude, and temporal growth of the fields observed in the experiment. Estimations of the growth rates for different types of instabilities pinpoints the resistive instability as the most likely dominant mechanism of beam filamentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Romagnani
- LULI-CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - A P L Robinson
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - R J Clarke
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - D Doria
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
- Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), Horia Hulubei Institute for Nuclear Physics (IFIN-HH), Reactorului Str., 30, Magurele 077126, Bucharest, Romania
| | - L Lancia
- LULI-CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - W Nazarov
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - M M Notley
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - A Pipahl
- Institut für Laser-und Plasmaphysik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - K Quinn
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - B Ramakrishna
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad 502285, India
| | - P A Wilson
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Adelaide SA 5095, Australia
- Department of Medical Physics, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia
| | - J Fuchs
- LULI-CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - O Willi
- Institut für Laser-und Plasmaphysik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - M Borghesi
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
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Quinn K, Helman E, Nance T, Artieri C, Yen J, Zhao J, Fairclough S, Sikora M, Chudova D, Lanman R, Talasaz A. Development and analytical validation of a plasma-based tumor mutational burden (TMB) score from next-generation sequencing panels. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy269.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Mateu-Gelabert P, Guarino H, Quinn K, Meylakhs P, Campos S, Meylakhs A, Berbesi D, Toro-Tobón D, Goodbody E, Ompad DC, Friedman SR. Young Drug Users: a Vulnerable Population and an Underutilized Resource in HIV/HCV Prevention. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 2018; 15:324-335. [PMID: 29931468 PMCID: PMC6309604 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-018-0406-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The social networks of people who inject drugs (PWID) have long been studied to understand disease transmission dynamics and social influences on risky practices. We illustrate how PWID can be active agents promoting HIV, HCV, and overdose prevention. RECENT FINDINGS We assessed drug users' connections and interactions with others at risk for HIV/HCV in three cities: New York City (NYC), USA (n = 539); Pereira, Colombia (n = 50); and St. Petersburg, Russia (n = 49). In all three cities, the majority of participants' network members were of a similar age as themselves, yet connections across age groups were also present. In NYC, knowing any opioid user(s) older than 29 was associated with testing HCV-positive. In NYC and St. Petersburg, a large proportion of PWID engaged in intravention activities to support safer injection and overdose prevention; in Pereira, PWID injected, had sex, and interacted with other key groups at risk. People who use drugs can be active players in HIV/HCV and overdose risk- reduction; their networks provide them with ample opportunities to disseminate harm reduction knowledge, strategies, and norms to others at risk. Local communities could augment prevention programming by empowering drug users to be allies in the fight against HIV and facilitating their pre-existing health-protective actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Mateu-Gelabert
- National Development Research Institutes, Inc., 71 West 23rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY, 10010, USA.
| | - H Guarino
- National Development Research Institutes, Inc., 71 West 23rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - K Quinn
- National Development Research Institutes, Inc., 71 West 23rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY, 10010, USA
- Department of Population Health, New York University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - P Meylakhs
- International Centre for Health Economics, Management and Policy, National Research University Higher School of Economics, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - S Campos
- National Development Research Institutes, Inc., 71 West 23rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - A Meylakhs
- International Centre for Health Economics, Management and Policy, National Research University Higher School of Economics, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - D Berbesi
- School of Nursing, CES University, Medellín, Colombia
| | - D Toro-Tobón
- School of Medicine, CES University, Medellín, Colombia
| | - E Goodbody
- National Development Research Institutes, Inc., 71 West 23rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - D C Ompad
- College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - S R Friedman
- National Development Research Institutes, Inc., 71 West 23rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY, 10010, USA
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McKee G, Grogan A, Coughlan M, Prizeman G, O'Connell N, O'Mahony N, Quinn K. P2984The patients perspective of self testing while on warfarin therapy. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p2984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Quinn K, Smith-Ray R. NEW MEDIA AT OLDER AGES: EVERYDAY CHALLENGES. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.4326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K. Quinn
- Communication, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois,
| | - R. Smith-Ray
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Hill O, Bulathsinhala L, Eskridge SL, Quinn K, Stinner DJ. Descriptive Characteristics and Amputation Rates With Use of Intrepid Dynamic Exoskeleton Orthosis. Mil Med 2016; 181:77-80. [DOI: 10.7205/milmed-d-16-00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Permuth JB, Choi J, Balarunathan Y, Kim J, Chen DT, Jiang K, Orcutt S, Chen L, Quinn K, Carvajal R, Gonzalez-Calderon G, Fournier M, Abdalla M, Garcia A, Bouton A, Yakoub D, Lechner S, Trevino J, Merchant N, Gillies R, Malafa M. Abstract 970A: Using a radiogenomic approach to classify pancreatic cancer precursors. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-970a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) are cystic pancreatic cancer precursors incidentally detected by imaging in more than 75,000 Americans each year. There is an unmet need to discover noninvasive approaches to differentiate ‘benign’ IPMNs that can be monitored from ‘malignant’ IPMNs that warrant surgery. We previously developed a blood-based ‘miRNA genomic classifier (MGC)’ that helps predict malignant IPMN pathology. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether novel radiomic features from preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans may improve prediction of IPMN pathology beyond that provided by standard radiologic features, either alone or in combination with the MGC.
Methods: Preoperative CT images were obtained for 37 surgically-resected, pathologically-confirmed IPMN cases with matched preoperative miRNA expression data. Images were reviewed for standard radiologic features characterized to be ‘high-risk’ or ‘worrisome’ for malignancy according to consensus guidelines. The region of interest within the pancreas was identified and segmented using a semi-automated algorithm. A total of 112 two-dimensional (2D) quantitative texture features (which measure tumor size, shape, and location) and non-texture features (which measure smoothness, coarseness, and regularity) were extracted. Logistic regression models were used to explore associations between non-redundant radiomic features and IPMN pathology. Principal component analysis was also performed to generate an index score (defined by the first principal component of the most promising radiomic features) that was evaluated for its association with malignant pathology. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of the new radiomic features individually and in combination with the MGC were estimated and compared to values obtained for standard radiologic features.
Results: The MGC and standard ‘high-risk’ and ‘worrisome’ radiologic features had area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values of 0.83, 0.84, and 0.54, respectively. Analysis of 112 extracted preoperative radiomic CT features revealed 14 textural and non-textural features that differentiated malignant from benign IPMNs (P<0.05). Collectively, the 14 radiomic features had an AUC = 0.77. A model that combined radiomic features and the MGC had an AUC = 0.92 and estimates of sensitivity (83%), specificity (89%), PPV (88%), and NPV (85%) that were superior to models not based on these novel data types.
Conclusions: Our preliminary findings suggest that clinical decision-making models that integrate novel quantitative radiomic features with a blood-based miRNA classifier may more accurately predict IPMN pathology than models that rely on standard clinical data or worrisome radiologic features alone. Larger, prospective, multi-center studies are planned to explore this topic further.
Citation Format: Jennifer B. Permuth, Jung Choi, Yoganand Balarunathan, Jongphil Kim, Dung-Tsa Chen, Kun Jiang, Sonia Orcutt, Lu Chen, Kimberly Quinn, Rodrigo Carvajal, Guillermo Gonzalez-Calderon, Michelle Fournier, Mahmoud Abdalla, Alberto Garcia, Amber Bouton, Danny Yakoub, Suzanne Lechner, Jose Trevino, Nipun Merchant, Robert Gillies, Mokenge Malafa. Using a radiogenomic approach to classify pancreatic cancer precursors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 970A.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jung Choi
- 1Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | | | - Jongphil Kim
- 1Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Dung-Tsa Chen
- 1Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Kun Jiang
- 1Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Sonia Orcutt
- 1Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Lu Chen
- 1Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Amber Bouton
- 2University of Florida Health Sciences Center, Gainesville, FL
| | - Danny Yakoub
- 3Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at the Universtiy of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Suzanne Lechner
- 3Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at the Universtiy of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Jose Trevino
- 2University of Florida Health Sciences Center, Gainesville, FL
| | - Nipun Merchant
- 3Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at the Universtiy of Miami, Miami, FL
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Melcer T, Pyo J, Walker J, Quinn K, Lebedda M, Neises K, Nguyen C, Galarneau M. Rehabilitation and multiple limb amputations: A clinical report of patients injured in combat. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 53:1045-1060. [PMID: 28355036 DOI: 10.1682/jrrd.2014.09.0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This clinical report describes the outpatient rehabilitation program for patients with multiple limb amputations enrolled in the Comprehensive Combat and Complex Casualty Care facility at the Naval Medical Center San Diego. Injury-specific data for 29 of these patients wounded by blast weaponry in Afghanistan in 2010 or 2011 were captured by the Expeditionary Medical Encounter Database at the Naval Health Research Center and were reviewed for this report. Their median Injury Severity Score was 27 (N = 29; range, 11-54). Patients averaged seven moderate to serious injuries (Abbreviated Injury Scale scores ≥2), including multiple injuries to lower limbs and injuries to the torso and/or upper limbs. All patients received care from numerous clinics, particularly physical therapy during the first 6 mo postinjury. Clinic use generally declined after the first 6 mo with the exception of prosthetic devices and repairs. The clinical team implemented the Mayo-Portland Adaptability Inventory, 4th Revision (MPAI-4) to assess functioning at outpatient program initiation and discharge (n = 23). At program discharge, most patients had improved scores for the MPAI-4 items assessing mobility, pain, and transportation, but not employment. Case reports described rehabilitation for two patients with triple amputations and illustrated multispecialty care and contrasting solutions for limb prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted Melcer
- Department of Medical Modeling, Simulation, and Mission Support, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA
| | - Jay Pyo
- Comprehensive Combat and Complex Casualty Care, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Jay Walker
- Department of Medical Modeling, Simulation, and Mission Support, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA
| | - Kimberly Quinn
- Department of Medical Modeling, Simulation, and Mission Support, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA
| | - Martin Lebedda
- Department of Medical Modeling, Simulation, and Mission Support, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA.,Comprehensive Combat and Complex Casualty Care, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Kamaran Neises
- Department of Medical Modeling, Simulation, and Mission Support, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA.,Comprehensive Combat and Complex Casualty Care, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Christina Nguyen
- Department of Medical Modeling, Simulation, and Mission Support, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA.,Comprehensive Combat and Complex Casualty Care, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Michael Galarneau
- Department of Medical Modeling, Simulation, and Mission Support, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA
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Ngo L, Ho H, Hunter P, Quinn K, Thomson A, Pearson G. Post-mortem prediction of primal and selected retail cut weights of New Zealand lamb from carcass and animal characteristics. Meat Sci 2015; 112:39-45. [PMID: 26519607 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Post-mortem measurements (cold weight, grade and external carcass linear dimensions) as well as live animal data (age, breed, sex) were used to predict ovine primal and retail cut weights for 792 lamb carcases. Significant levels of variance could be explained using these predictors. The predictive power of those measurements on primal and retail cut weights was studied by using the results from principal component analysis and the absolute value of the t-statistics of the linear regression model. High prediction accuracy for primal cut weight was achieved (adjusted R(2) up to 0.95), as well as moderate accuracy for key retail cut weight: tenderloins (adj-R(2)=0.60), loin (adj-R(2)=0.62), French rack (adj-R(2)=0.76) and rump (adj-R(2)=0.75). The carcass cold weight had the best predictive power, with the accuracy increasing by around 10% after including the next three most significant variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ngo
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand; Arts et Métiers ParisTech, France
| | - H Ho
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - P Hunter
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - K Quinn
- Silver Fern Farms Ltd, New Zealand
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25
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Raghavan P, Serulle Y, Gandhi D, Morales R, Quinn K, Angster K, Hertzano R, Eisenman D. Postoperative Imaging Findings following Sigmoid Sinus Wall Reconstruction for Pulse Synchronous Tinnitus. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015; 37:136-42. [PMID: 26427834 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Transmastoid sigmoid sinus wall reconstruction is a surgical technique increasingly used for the treatment of pulsatile tinnitus arising from sigmoid sinus wall anomalies. The imaging appearance of the temporal bone following this procedure has not been well-characterized. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the postoperative imaging appearance in a group of patients who underwent this procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS The medical records of 40 consecutive patients who underwent transmastoid sigmoid sinus wall reconstruction were reviewed. Thirteen of 40 patients underwent postoperative imaging. Nineteen CT and 7 MR imaging examinations were assessed for the characteristics of the materials used for reconstruction, the impact of these on the adjacent sigmoid sinus, and complications. RESULTS Tinnitus resolved in 38 of 40 patients. Nine patients were imaged postoperatively for suspected complications, including dural sinus thrombosis, facial swelling, and wound drainage. Two patients underwent imaging for persistent tinnitus, and 2, for development of tinnitus on the side contralateral to the side of surgery. The materials used for reconstruction (NeuroAlloderm, HydroSet, bone pate) demonstrated characteristic imaging appearances and could be consistently identified. In 5 of 13 patients, there was extrinsic compression of the sigmoid sinus by graft material. Dural sinus thrombosis occurred in 2 patients. CONCLUSIONS The imaging findings following sigmoid sinus wall repair are characteristic. Graft materials may result in extrinsic compression of the sigmoid sinus, and this finding may be confused with dural venous thrombosis. Awareness of the imaging characteristics of the graft materials used enables this differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Raghavan
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.R., Y.S., D.G., R.M.)
| | - Y Serulle
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.R., Y.S., D.G., R.M.)
| | - D Gandhi
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.R., Y.S., D.G., R.M.)
| | - R Morales
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.R., Y.S., D.G., R.M.)
| | - K Quinn
- Otolaryngology (K.Q., K.A., R.H., D.E.), University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - K Angster
- Otolaryngology (K.Q., K.A., R.H., D.E.), University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - R Hertzano
- Otolaryngology (K.Q., K.A., R.H., D.E.), University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - D Eisenman
- Otolaryngology (K.Q., K.A., R.H., D.E.), University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
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26
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Jose S, Quinn K, Dunn D, Cox A, Sabin C, Fidler S. Virological failure and development of new resistance mutations according to CD4 count at combination antiretroviral therapy initiation. HIV Med 2015; 17:368-72. [PMID: 26306942 PMCID: PMC4949527 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Objectives No randomized controlled trials have yet reported an individual patient benefit of initiating combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) at CD4 counts > 350 cells/μL. It is hypothesized that earlier initiation of cART in asymptomatic and otherwise healthy individuals may lead to poorer adherence and subsequently higher rates of resistance development. Methods In a large cohort of HIV‐positive individuals, we investigated the emergence of new resistance mutations upon virological treatment failure according to the CD4 count at the initiation of cART. Results Of 7918 included individuals, 6514 (82.3%), 996 (12.6%) and 408 (5.2%) started cART with a CD4 count ≤ 350, 351–499 and ≥ 500 cells/μL, respectively. Virological rebound occurred while on cART in 488 (7.5%), 46 (4.6%) and 30 (7.4%) with a baseline CD4 count ≤ 350, 351–499 and ≥ 500 cells/μL, respectively. Only four (13.0%) individuals with a baseline CD4 count > 350 cells/μL in receipt of a resistance test at viral load rebound were found to have developed new resistance mutations. This compared to 107 (41.2%) of those with virological failure who had initiated cART with a CD4 count < 350 cells/μL. Conclusions We found no evidence of increased rates of resistance development when cART was initiated at CD4 counts above 350 cells/μL.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jose
- Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL, London, UK
| | - K Quinn
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - D Dunn
- Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, London, UK
| | - A Cox
- Infection and Immunity, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - C Sabin
- Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL, London, UK
| | - S Fidler
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
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27
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Melcer T, Walker J, Bhatnagar V, Richard E, Han P, Sechriest VF, Lebedda M, Quinn K, Galarneau M. Glasgow Coma Scale scores, early opioids, and 4-year psychological outcomes among combat amputees. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 51:697-710. [PMID: 25509056 DOI: 10.1682/jrrd.2013.06.0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Morphine and fentanyl are frequently used for analgesia after trauma, but there is debate over the advantages and disadvantages of these opioids. Among combat amputees, intravenous (IV) morphine (vs IV fentanyl) after injury was associated with reduced likelihood of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The previous results were based on military health diagnoses over 2 yr postinjury. The present study followed psychological diagnoses of patients with amputation for 4 yr using military and Department of Veterans Affairs health data. In-theater combat casualty records (n = 145) documented Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores and/or morphine, fentanyl, or no opioid treatment within hours of injury. We found that (1) GCS scores were not significantly associated with PTSD; (2) longitudinal modeling using four (yearly) time points showed significantly reduced odds of PTSD for patients treated with morphine (vs fentanyl) across years (adjusted odds ratio = 0.40; 95% confidence interval = 0.17–0.94); (3) reduced PTSD prevalence for morphine (vs IV fentanyl; morphine = 25%, fentanyl = 59%, p < 0.05) was significant, specifically among patients with traumatic brain injury during the first 2 yr postinjury; and (4) PTSD prevalence, but not other disorders (e.g., mood), increased between year 1 (PTSD = 18%) and years 2 through 4 postinjury (PTSD range = 30%–32%).
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28
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Ahmad I, Yah R, Quinn K, Seebach A, Wang H. SU-E-T-338: Dosimetric Study of Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) and Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) for Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) in Early Stage Lung Cancer. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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29
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Burdorf L, Riner A, Rybak E, Harris D, Dahi S, Zhang T, Parsell D, Ali F, Schwartz E, Kang E, Cheng X, Sievert E, Braileanu G, Quinn K, Shah A, Shah A, De Meyer S, Deckmyn H, Phelps C, Ayares D, Pierson R, Azimzadeh A. Blockade of Glycoproteins Ib and IIb/IIIa Reduces Platelet Sequestration and PVR Rise in a Xenogeneic Lung Perfusion Model. J Heart Lung Transplant 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.01.766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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30
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Luo AAL, Han B, Quinn K, Tullis E, Reheman A, Ni H, Slutsky A, Zhang H. 0593. Reelin mediates the human neutrophil peptide-induced endothelial dysfunction and platelet aggregation. Intensive Care Med Exp 2014. [PMCID: PMC4796696 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-2-s1-p37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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31
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Oqab Z, McIntyre W, Quinn K, Quadros K, Yazdan-Ashoori P, Van Oosten E, Chu K, Lamba J, Mohajer K, Baranchuk A. RESIDENT PHYSICIAN ATTITUDES TOWARD ANTICOAGULATION FOR STROKE PREVENTION IN PATIENTS WITH NONVALVULAR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION. Can J Cardiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2014.07.554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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32
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Purushothaman D, Brown WY, Vanselow BA, Quinn K, Wu SB. Flaxseed oil supplementation alters the expression of inflammatory-related genes in dogs. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:5322-32. [PMID: 25078588 DOI: 10.4238/2014.july.24.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Long chain n-3 fatty acids are beneficial to mammals because of their anti-inflammatory role. However, whether flaxseed oil, which is rich in short chain n-3 fatty acids, has such a role, it has not been extensively examined. This study investigated the supplementation of flaxseed oil on the regulation of genes involved in inflammatory responses such as heat shock proteins (HSP90 and HSP70) and interleukin (IL1β) in the white blood cells of dogs. Five beagles and 5 greyhounds were supplemented with Melrose(®) flaxseed oil at the rate of 100 mL/kg food for 21 days. The blood was collected at day 0, 15, and 22 following supplementation. The expression of 3 genes was quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Plasma concentrations of fatty acids such as alpha linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, linoleic acid, and arachidonic acid were measured, and their correlations with changes in gene expression were determined. Flaxseed oil supplementation downregulated the expression of HSP90 and IL1βin greyhounds but showed no significant effect on these genes in beagles. HSP70 remained unchanged in both breeds following the supplementation. Correlations of HSP90 and IL1βexpression levels with the plasma fatty acid concentrations on day 22 showed a significant negative correlation in greyhounds. Dietary flaxseed oil altered the expression of genes involved in inflammation in white blood cells. Because the expression of the genes may vary in different breeds, it will be useful to consider breed responses to dietary manipulation in canine nutrition management.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Purushothaman
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - W Y Brown
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - B A Vanselow
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Beef Industry Centre, vUniversity of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - K Quinn
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Beef Industry Centre, vUniversity of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - S-B Wu
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
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Melcer T, Walker J, Sechriest VF, Lebedda M, Quinn K, Galarneau M. Glasgow Coma Scores, early opioids, and posttraumatic stress disorder among combat amputees. J Trauma Stress 2014; 27:152-9. [PMID: 24668780 DOI: 10.1002/jts.21909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A recent study found that combat amputees had a reduced prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) compared with nonamputees with serious extremity injuries. We hypothesized that an extended period of impaired consciousness or early treatment with morphine could prevent consolidation of traumatic memory and the development of PTSD. To examine this hypothesis, we retrospectively reviewed 258 combat casualty records from the Iraq or Afghanistan conflicts from 2001-2008 in the Expeditionary Medical Encounter Database, including medications and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores recorded at in-theater facilities within hours of the index injury. All patients sustained amputations from injuries. Psychological diagnoses were extracted from medical records for 24 months postinjury. None of 20 patients (0%) with GCS scores of 12 or lower had PTSD compared to 20% of patients with GCS scores of 12 or greater who did have PTSD. For patients with traumatic brain injury, those treated with intravenous morphine within hours of injury had a significantly lower prevalence of PTSD (6.3%) and mood disorders (15.6%) compared to patients treated with fentanyl only (prevalence of PTSD = 41.2%, prevalence of mood disorder = 47.1%). GCS scores and morphine and fentanyl treatments were not significantly associated with adjustment, anxiety, or substance abuse disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted Melcer
- Department of Medical Modeling, Simulation, and Mission Support, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA
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34
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Al-Husseini W, Gondro C, Quinn K, Cafe LM, Herd RM, Gibson JP, Greenwood PL, Chen Y. Hormonal growth implants affect feed efficiency and expression of residual feed intake-associated genes in beef cattle. Anim Prod Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1071/an12398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Hormonal growth promotants (HGP) have been used to improve feed conversion ratio (FCR) and growth rates of cattle by modifying protein turnover rates. Residual feed intake (RFI) is correlated with FCR and has been adopted in Australia as a measure of feed efficiency in cattle for the purpose of genetic improvement. Eight genes (AHSG, GHR, GSTM1, INHBA, PCDH19, S100A10, SERPINI2 and SOD3) have been previously reported to be highly associated with RFI and could potentially be used to predict RFI in bulls and steers. In this study, expression levels of these genes in liver tissue of 46 cattle were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. These cattle were part of a larger tenderness gene marker experiment consisting of two breeds (Angus and Brahman); two sexes (steers and heifers) and HGP treatments (implanted vs control). Cattle were measured for growth, feed efficiency, body composition and carcass traits. Results showed the expression of these eight genes was significantly correlated with RFI. However, HGP treatment did not affect RFI or the expression of the RFI-associated genes. HGP treatment increased average daily gain by 20%, improved FCR by 18%, and increased rib eye-muscle area by 7.5%. HGP treatment was effective in improving growth rate, presumably by its known action in the protein turnover mechanism. This mechanism has been hypothesised as one of the regulators of RFI. Lack of effect of HGP treatment on RFI does not support this hypothesis.
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35
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Al-Husseini W, Gondro C, Quinn K, Herd RM, Gibson JP, Chen Y. Expression of candidate genes for residual feed intake in Angus cattle. Anim Genet 2013; 45:12-9. [PMID: 24134470 DOI: 10.1111/age.12092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Residual feed intake (RFI) has been adopted in Australia for the purpose of genetic improvement in feed efficiency in beef cattle. RFI is the difference between the observed feed intake of an animal and the predicted feed intake based on its size and growth rate over a test period. Gene expression of eight candidate genes (AHSG, GHR, GSTM1, INHBA, PCDH19, S100A10, SERPINI2 and SOD3), previously identified as differentially expressed between divergent lines of high- and low-RFI animals, was measured in an unselected population of 60 steers from the Angus Society Elite Progeny Test Program using quantitative real-time PCR. Results showed that the levels of gene expression were significantly correlated with RFI. The genes explain around 33.2% of the phenotypic variance in RFI, and prediction equations using the expression data are reasonably accurate estimators of RFI. The association of these genes with economically important traits, such as other feed efficiency-related traits and fat, growth and carcass traits, was investigated as well. The expression of these candidate genes was significantly correlated with feed conversion ratio and daily feed intake, which are highly associated with RFI, suggesting a functional role for these genes in modulating feed utilisation. The expression of these genes did not show any association with average daily gain, eye muscle area and carcass composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Al-Husseini
- Australian Cooperative Research Centre for Beef Genetic Technologies, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia; The Centre for Genetic Analysis and Applications, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
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Duck C, Boughey M, Quinn K, Hall J. VICTORIAN END-OF-LIFE CARE PATHWAYS COORDINATING PROGRAM. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2013-000491.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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37
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Ahmed H, Dieckmann ME, Romagnani L, Doria D, Sarri G, Cerchez M, Ianni E, Kourakis I, Giesecke AL, Notley M, Prasad R, Quinn K, Willi O, Borghesi M. Time-resolved characterization of the formation of a collisionless shock. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:205001. [PMID: 25167421 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.205001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report on the temporally and spatially resolved detection of the precursory stages that lead to the formation of an unmagnetized, supercritical collisionless shock in a laser-driven laboratory experiment. The measured evolution of the electrostatic potential associated with the shock unveils the transition from a current free double layer into a symmetric shock structure, stabilized by ion reflection at the shock front. Supported by a matching particle-in-cell simulation and theoretical considerations, we suggest that this process is analogous to ion reflection at supercritical collisionless shocks in supernova remnants.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ahmed
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - M E Dieckmann
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - L Romagnani
- LULI, École Polytechnique, CNRS, CEA, UPMC, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - D Doria
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - G Sarri
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - M Cerchez
- Institute for Laser and Plasma Physics, University of Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - E Ianni
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - I Kourakis
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - A L Giesecke
- Institute for Laser and Plasma Physics, University of Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M Notley
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - R Prasad
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - K Quinn
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - O Willi
- Institute for Laser and Plasma Physics, University of Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M Borghesi
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom and Institute of Physics of the ASCR, ELI-Beamlines Project, Na Slovance 2, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic
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38
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Kar S, Kakolee KF, Qiao B, Macchi A, Cerchez M, Doria D, Geissler M, McKenna P, Neely D, Osterholz J, Prasad R, Quinn K, Ramakrishna B, Sarri G, Willi O, Yuan XY, Zepf M, Borghesi M. Ion acceleration in multispecies targets driven by intense laser radiation pressure. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:185006. [PMID: 23215290 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.185006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The acceleration of ions from ultrathin foils has been investigated by using 250 TW, subpicosecond laser pulses, focused to intensities of up to 3 × 10(20) W cm(-2). The ion spectra show the appearance of narrow-band features for protons and carbon ions peaked at higher energies (in the 5-10 MeV/nucleon range) and with significantly higher flux than previously reported. The spectral features and their scaling with laser and target parameters provide evidence of a multispecies scenario of radiation pressure acceleration in the light sail mode, as confirmed by analytical estimates and 2D particle-in-cell simulations. The scaling indicates that monoenergetic peaks with more than 100 MeV/nucleon are obtainable with moderate improvements of the target and laser characteristics, which are within reach of ongoing technical developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kar
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom.
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Quinn K, Galbraith SE, Sheahan BJ, Atkins GJ. Effect of intranasal administration of Semliki Forest virus recombinant particles expressing interferon-β on the progression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Mol Med Rep 2012; 1:335-42. [PMID: 21479414 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.1.3.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of intranasal (IN) administration of Semliki Forest virus (SFV) recombinant particles expressing interferon-β [IFN-β, a partially effective treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS)] on the progression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE, a murine model for MS) was investigated. The murine IFN-β gene was cloned from SFV-infected mouse brain by RT-PCR into an SFV-enhanced expression vector, pSFV10-E, from which IFN-β-expressing recombinant particles (rSFV10-E-IFN-β) were prepared. Expression studies using immunohistochemistry and viral inhibition assay in BHK and murine L929 cells confirmed increased expression of IFN-β. High level expression in the central nervous system (CNS) following IN inoculation was confirmed by the excision of olfactory bulbs, brain and spinal cord, and the detection of IFN-β levels in homogenised tissue by ELISA. rSFV10-E-IFN-β particles were administered IN to C57/Bl6 mice that had been induced for EAE using the encephalogenic peptide myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) 35-55. The progression of EAE was measured by clinical score, weight loss and pathology. As previously shown, treatment with empty rSFV10-E particles moderately exacerbated EAE, as did continuous treatment with rSFV10-E-IFN-β particles. Inhibition of disease with rSFV10-E-IFN-β particles was dependent on the number and timing of treatments. Fewer treatments, administered before the effector stage, led to an improvement in clinical and pathology score. In conclusion, the timing and frequency of IN administration of rSFV10-E-IFN-β particles are critical to disease outcome, with treatment prior to the effector stage being most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Quinn
- Virus Group, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
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Carver A, Quinn K, Riley S, Elmer S, Basu J, Mayles P. EP-1423 THE INTERPLAY EFFECT IN LUNG TUMOUR MOTION OVER MULTIPLE FRACTIONS. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)71756-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Quinn K, Romagnani L, Ramakrishna B, Sarri G, Dieckmann ME, Wilson PA, Fuchs J, Lancia L, Pipahl A, Toncian T, Willi O, Clarke RJ, Notley M, Macchi A, Borghesi M. Weibel-induced filamentation during an ultrafast laser-driven plasma expansion. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:135001. [PMID: 22540706 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.135001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The development of current instabilities behind the front of a cylindrically expanding plasma has been investigated experimentally via proton probing techniques. A multitude of tubelike filamentary structures is observed to form behind the front of a plasma created by irradiating solid-density wire targets with a high-intensity (I ~ 10(19) W/cm(2)), picosecond-duration laser pulse. These filaments exhibit a remarkable degree of stability, persisting for several tens of picoseconds, and appear to be magnetized over a filament length corresponding to several filament radii. Particle-in-cell simulations indicate that their formation can be attributed to a Weibel instability driven by a thermal anisotropy of the electron population. We suggest that these results may have implications in astrophysical scenarios, particularly concerning the problem of the generation of strong, spatially extended and sustained magnetic fields in astrophysical jets.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Quinn
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
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Chen Y, Arthur PF, Barchia IM, Quinn K, Parnell PF, Herd RM. Using gene expression information obtained by quantitative real-time PCR to evaluate Angus bulls divergently selected for feed efficiency. Anim Prod Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1071/an12098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Residual feed intake (RFI) is a measure of feed efficiency in beef cattle. Young Angus bulls from lines of cattle divergently selected for RFI were used in a gene expression profiling study of the liver. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay was used to quantify the differentially expressed genes and the information was used to examine the relationships between the genes and RFI and to classify the bulls into their respective RFI group. Gene expression of 21 genes in liver biopsies from 22 low RFI and 22 high RFI bulls were measured by qPCR. Gene expressions of 14 of the 21 genes were significantly correlated with RFI. The expression of the genes was used in a principal component analysis from which five components were extracted. The five principal components explained 70% of the variation in the dependency structure. The first component was highly correlated (correlation coefficient of 0.69) with RFI. The genes of the glutathione S-transferase Mu family (GSTM1, GSTM2, GSTM4), protocadherin 19 (PCDH19), ATP-binding cassette transporter C4 (ABCC4) and superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) are in the xenobiotic pathway and were the key factors in the first principal component. This highlights the important relationship between this pathway and variation in RFI. The second and third principal components were also correlated with RFI, with correlation coefficients of –0.28 and –0.20, respectively. Two of the four important genes of the second principal component work coordinately in the signalling pathways that inhibit the insulin-stimulated insulin receptor and regulate energy metabolism. This is consistent with the observation that a positive genetic correlation exists between RFI and fatness. The important genes in the third principal component are related to the extracellular matrix activity, with low RFI bulls showing high extracellular matrix activity.
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Chen Y, Arthur PF, Herd RM, Quinn K, Barchia IM. Using genes differentially expressed in bulls to classify steers divergently selected for high and low residual feed intake. Anim Prod Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1071/an11266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Feed efficiency is an economically important trait in livestock and residual feed intake (RFI) is a commonly used measure of the trait in beef cattle. Residual feed intake is the difference between the actual feed intake recorded over a test period and the expected feed intake of an animal based on its size and growth rate. It is a heritable trait, and efficient animals have lower RFI values. Several genes have been identified as being differentially expressed in the liver of Angus bulls that have been divergently selected for RFI. The objective of this study was to use genes that are differentially expressed in bulls to classify Angus steers from the same divergent RFI selection lines. Liver samples were collected at slaughter from 40 high RFI and 40 low RFI steers that were ~23 months old, and had just completed a 251-day feedlot feeding period. RNA samples from the livers were assayed by quantitative real-time PCR for 14 genes, which have been identified previously in bulls. Steers were not measured for RFI, hence the estimated breeding values (EBV) for RFI of their parents were used to calculate their mid-parent (average of the two parents) RFI-EBV. Correlation and discriminant analyses were conducted on the normalised quantitative real-time PCR data from the steers. Discriminant analysis was also conducted on the bull data for comparison. In the steers, 8 out of the 14 genes were significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with RFI-EBV. Two genes from the glutathione S-transferase mu family (GSTM1 and GSTM2) and the S100 calcium-binding protein A10 (S100A10) had the highest correlations with RFI-EBV, with correlation coefficients of 0.59, 0.44 and 0.36, respectively. Based on the 14 expressed genes, 84% of the steers and 98% of the bulls were correctly classified into their respective RFI selection lines. The results of this study indicate that a high proportion of the genes that were differentially expressed in the original study with bulls were also differentially expressed in this study with steers. The high accuracy in classification obtained in this study shows that the transcriptional approach to the study of the biological processes involved in variation in RFI has great potential for identification of candidate genes.
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McCarty EJ, Keane H, Quinn K, Quah S. Implanon® failure in an HIV-positive woman on antiretroviral therapy resulting in two ectopic pregnancies. Int J STD AIDS 2011; 22:413-4. [PMID: 21729965 DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2009.009469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Since its introduction in 1999, Implanon® remains one of the preferred contraceptive choices for many women as it offers a highly effective means of long-term contraception for three years that does not rely on adherence. Like all hormonal contraceptives, certain hepatic enzyme-inducing drugs may reduce its efficacy. We present an interesting case of an HIV-positive woman on antiretroviral therapy having tubal pregnancies on two separate occasions with Implanon in place.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J McCarty
- Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK.
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Abstract
Most serological tests for syphilis rely on an individual's ability to produce antibodies. A single screening test may be unreliable for screening in those with primary immunodeficiency. We present the first reported case of primary and secondary syphilis with negative Treponema pallidum enzyme immunoassay-IgM and Venereal Disease Research Laboratory tests in a man with common variable immunodeficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J McCarty
- Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK.
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McCarty EJ, Quinn K, Dinsmore WW. Sexually transmitted infection in HIV-positive men with erectile dysfunction using phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors. Sex Transm Infect 2011; 87:455. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Borghesi M, Kar S, Prasad R, Kakolee FK, Quinn K, Ahmed H, Sarri G, Ramakrishna B, Qiao B, Geissler M, Ter-Avetisyan S, Zepf M, Schettino G, Stevens B, Tolley M, Ward A, Green J, Foster PS, Spindloe C, Gallegos P, Robinson AL, Neely D, Carroll DC, Tresca O, Yuan X, Quinn M, McKenna P, Dover N, Palmer C, Schreiber J, Najmudin Z, Sari I, Kraft M, Merchant M, Jeynes JC, Kirkby K, Fiorini F, Kirby D, Green S. Ion source development and radiobiology applications within the LIBRA project. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1117/12.888262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Chen Y, Gondro C, Quinn K, Herd RM, Parnell PF, Vanselow B. Global gene expression profiling reveals genes expressed differentially in cattle with high and low residual feed intake. Anim Genet 2011; 42:475-90. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02182.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Smith N, McAuliffe F, Quinn K, Lonergan P, Evans A. The negative effects of a short period of maternal undernutrition at conception on the glucose–insulin system of offspring in sheep. Anim Reprod Sci 2010; 121:94-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2010.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2010] [Revised: 04/23/2010] [Accepted: 05/03/2010] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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