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Wehrli S, Irrgang C, Scott M, Arnrich B, Boender TS. The role of the (in)accessibility of social media data for infodemic management: a public health perspective on the situation in the European Union in March 2024. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1378412. [PMID: 38651120 PMCID: PMC11033458 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1378412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Public health institutions rely on the access to social media data to better understand the dynamics and impact of infodemics - an overabundance of information during a disease outbreak, potentially including mis-and disinformation. The scope of the COVID-19 infodemic has led to growing concern in the public health community. The spread of harmful information or information voids may negatively impact public health. In this context, social media are of particular relevance as an integral part of our society, where much information is consumed. In this perspective paper, we discuss the current state of (in)accessibility of social media data of the main platforms in the European Union. The European Union's relatively new Digital Services Act introduces the obligation for platforms to provide data access to a wide range of researchers, likely including researchers at public health institutions without formal academic affiliation. We examined eight platforms (Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, Pinterest, Snapchat, TikTok, X, YouTube) affected by the new legislation in regard to data accessibility. We found that all platforms apart from TikTok offer data access through the Digital Services Act. Potentially, this presents a fundamentally new situation for research, as before the Digital Services Act, few platforms granted data access or only to very selective groups of researchers. The access regime under the Digital Services Act is, however, still evolving. Specifics such as the application procedure for researcher access are still being worked out and results can be expected in spring 2024. The impact of the Digital Services Act on research will therefore only become fully apparent in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvan Wehrli
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Public Health Research, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christopher Irrgang
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Public Health Research, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mark Scott
- Brown University’s School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Bert Arnrich
- Digital Health–Connected Healthcare, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - T. Sonia Boender
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute Amsterdam and Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Risk Communication Unit, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
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Mullin A, Scott M, Vaccaro G, Floresta G, Arillotta D, Catalani V, Corkery JM, Stair JL, Schifano F, Guirguis A. Benzodiazepine Boom: Tracking Etizolam, Pyrazolam, and Flubromazepam from Pre-UK Psychoactive Act 2016 to Present Using Analytical and Social Listening Techniques. Pharmacy (Basel) 2024; 12:13. [PMID: 38251407 PMCID: PMC10801481 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy12010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The designer benzodiazepine (DBZD) market continues to expand whilst evading regulatory controls. The widespread adoption of social media by pro-drug use communities encourages positive discussions around DBZD use/misuse, driving demand. This research addresses the evolution of three popular DBZDs, etizolam (E), flubromazepam (F), and pyrazolam (P), available on the drug market for over a decade, comparing the quantitative chemical analyses of tablet samples, purchased from the internet prior to the implementation of the Psychoactive Substances Act UK 2016, with the thematic netnographic analyses of social media content. METHOD Drug samples were purchased from the internet in early 2016. The characterisation of all drug batches were performed using UHPLC-MS and supported with 1H NMR. In addition, netnographic studies across the platforms X (formerly Twitter) and Reddit, between 2016-2023, were conducted. The latter was supported by both manual and artificial intelligence (AI)-driven thematic analyses, using numerous.ai and ChatGPT, of social media threads and discussions. RESULTS UHPLC-MS confirmed the expected drug in every sample, showing remarkable inter/intra batch variability across all batches (E = 13.8 ± 0.6 to 24.7 ± 0.9 mg; F = 4.0 ± 0.2 to 23.5 ± 0.8 mg; P = 5.2 ± 0.2 to 11.5 ± 0.4 mg). 1H NMR could not confirm etizolam as a lone compound in any etizolam batch. Thematic analyses showed etizolam dominated social media discussions (59% of all posts), with 24.2% of posts involving sale/purchase and 17.8% detailing new administration trends/poly-drug use scenarios. Artificial intelligence confirmed three of the top five trends identified manually. CONCLUSIONS Purity variability identified across all tested samples emphasises the increased potential health risks associated with DBZD consumption. We propose the global DBZD market is exacerbated by surface web social media discussions, recorded across X and Reddit. Despite the appearance of newer analogues, these three DBZDs remain prevalent and popularised. Reporting themes on harm/effects and new developments in poly-drug use trends, demand for DBZDs continues to grow, despite their potent nature and potential risk to life. It is proposed that greater controls and constant live monitoring of social media user content is warranted to drive active regulation strategies and targeted, effective, harm reduction strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Mullin
- Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse & Novel Psychoactive Substances Research Unit, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK; (A.M.); (M.S.); (G.V.); (G.F.); (V.C.); (J.M.C.); (J.L.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Mark Scott
- Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse & Novel Psychoactive Substances Research Unit, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK; (A.M.); (M.S.); (G.V.); (G.F.); (V.C.); (J.M.C.); (J.L.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Giorgia Vaccaro
- Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse & Novel Psychoactive Substances Research Unit, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK; (A.M.); (M.S.); (G.V.); (G.F.); (V.C.); (J.M.C.); (J.L.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Floresta
- Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse & Novel Psychoactive Substances Research Unit, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK; (A.M.); (M.S.); (G.V.); (G.F.); (V.C.); (J.M.C.); (J.L.S.); (F.S.)
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95131 Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Arillotta
- School of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy;
| | - Valeria Catalani
- Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse & Novel Psychoactive Substances Research Unit, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK; (A.M.); (M.S.); (G.V.); (G.F.); (V.C.); (J.M.C.); (J.L.S.); (F.S.)
| | - John M. Corkery
- Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse & Novel Psychoactive Substances Research Unit, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK; (A.M.); (M.S.); (G.V.); (G.F.); (V.C.); (J.M.C.); (J.L.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Jacqueline L. Stair
- Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse & Novel Psychoactive Substances Research Unit, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK; (A.M.); (M.S.); (G.V.); (G.F.); (V.C.); (J.M.C.); (J.L.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Fabrizio Schifano
- Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse & Novel Psychoactive Substances Research Unit, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK; (A.M.); (M.S.); (G.V.); (G.F.); (V.C.); (J.M.C.); (J.L.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Amira Guirguis
- Pharmacy, Medical School, The Grove Extension, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
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Adams ST, Scott M, West C, Walsh CJ. Separating the components of an abdominal wall fellowship. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2024; 106:2-8. [PMID: 36374299 PMCID: PMC10757876 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2022.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Complex abdominal wall reconstruction is an emerging subspecialty yet, despite the abundance of abdominal wall hernias requiring treatment and the increasing complexity of this type of surgery, there are few opportunities for surgeons to gain subspecialist training in this field. In this paper we discuss the need for focused training in complex abdominal wall reconstruction, outline some of the problems that may be hindering the availability of such opportunities and propose potential solutions to these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- ST Adams
- St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
- Wirral University Teaching Hospitals (WUTH) NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - M Scott
- St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - C West
- St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - CJ Walsh
- Wirral University Teaching Hospitals (WUTH) NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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Abe K, Hayato Y, Hiraide K, Ieki K, Ikeda M, Kameda J, Kanemura Y, Kaneshima R, Kashiwagi Y, Kataoka Y, Miki S, Mine S, Miura M, Moriyama S, Nakano Y, Nakahata M, Nakayama S, Noguchi Y, Okamoto K, Sato K, Sekiya H, Shiba H, Shimizu K, Shiozawa M, Sonoda Y, Suzuki Y, Takeda A, Takemoto Y, Takenaka A, Tanaka H, Watanabe S, Yano T, Han S, Kajita T, Okumura K, Tashiro T, Tomiya T, Wang X, Xia J, Yoshida S, Megias GD, Fernandez P, Labarga L, Ospina N, Zaldivar B, Pointon BW, Kearns E, Raaf JL, Wan L, Wester T, Bian J, Griskevich NJ, Kropp WR, Locke S, Smy MB, Sobel HW, Takhistov V, Yankelevich A, Hill J, Park RG, Bodur B, Scholberg K, Walter CW, Bernard L, Coffani A, Drapier O, El Hedri S, Giampaolo A, Mueller TA, Santos AD, Paganini P, Quilain B, Ishizuka T, Nakamura T, Jang JS, Learned JG, Choi K, Cao S, Anthony LHV, Martin D, Scott M, Sztuc AA, Uchida Y, Berardi V, Catanesi MG, Radicioni E, Calabria NF, Machado LN, De Rosa G, Collazuol G, Iacob F, Lamoureux M, Mattiazzi M, Ludovici L, Gonin M, Pronost G, Fujisawa C, Maekawa Y, Nishimura Y, Friend M, Hasegawa T, Ishida T, Kobayashi T, Jakkapu M, Matsubara T, Nakadaira T, Nakamura K, Oyama Y, Sakashita K, Sekiguchi T, Tsukamoto T, Boschi T, Di Lodovico F, Gao J, Goldsack A, Katori T, Migenda J, Taani M, Zsoldos S, Kotsar Y, Ozaki H, Suzuki AT, Takeuchi Y, Bronner C, Feng J, Kikawa T, Mori M, Nakaya T, Wendell RA, Yasutome K, Jenkins SJ, McCauley N, Mehta P, Tsui KM, Fukuda Y, Itow Y, Menjo H, Ninomiya K, Lagoda J, Lakshmi SM, Mandal M, Mijakowski P, Prabhu YS, Zalipska J, Jia M, Jiang J, Jung CK, Wilking MJ, Yanagisawa C, Harada M, Ishino H, Ito S, Kitagawa H, Koshio Y, Nakanishi F, Sakai S, Barr G, Barrow D, Cook L, Samani S, Wark D, Nova F, Yang JY, Malek M, McElwee JM, Stone O, Thiesse MD, Thompson LF, Okazawa H, Kim SB, Seo JW, Yu I, Ichikawa AK, Nakamura KD, Tairafune S, Nishijima K, Iwamoto K, Nakagiri K, Nakajima Y, Taniuchi N, Yokoyama M, Martens K, de Perio P, Vagins MR, Kuze M, Izumiyama S, Inomoto M, Ishitsuka M, Ito H, Kinoshita T, Matsumoto R, Ommura Y, Shigeta N, Shinoki M, Suganuma T, Yamauchi K, Martin JF, Tanaka HA, Towstego T, Akutsu R, Gousy-Leblanc V, Hartz M, Konaka A, Prouse NW, Chen S, Xu BD, Zhang B, Posiadala-Zezula M, Hadley D, Nicholson M, O'Flaherty M, Richards B, Ali A, Jamieson B, Marti L, Minamino A, Pintaudi G, Sano S, Suzuki S, Wada K. Erratum: Search for Cosmic-Ray Boosted Sub-GeV Dark Matter Using Recoil Protons at Super-Kamiokande [Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 031802 (2023)]. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:159903. [PMID: 37897794 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.159903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.031802.
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Pelligand L, Baker D, Sivagurunathan A, Kovačević Z, Suemanotham N, Stair JL, Scott M, Liu F, Page SW, Guardabassi L, Steagall PV. Quality of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid oral formulations for intended veterinary use in the UK, Malaysia, Serbia and Thailand. J Small Anim Pract 2023; 64:626-634. [PMID: 37340896 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Amoxicillin/clavulanate is the most commonly used oral antimicrobial drug in companion animals. The objective of the study was to detect types and frequency of deficits in the quality of veterinary oral formulations of amoxicillin/clavulanate in various countries. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a prospective study with purposive sampling, amoxicillin/clavulanate tablet formulations for canine use were collected in four countries (wholesalers or veterinary practice) and shipped to a central bioanalytical laboratory. Twenty-four samples were collected from the UK (nine), Malaysia (nine), Serbia (four) and Thailand (two), yielding 18 different formulations (10 veterinary). Packaging inspection, tablet disintegration and content assay were conducted (validated high-performance liquid chromatography with ultra-violet detection); content was acceptable when within the 90% to 120% pre-specified range (US Pharmacopeia). RESULTS Secondary packaging was present for 13 of 24 samples and primary packaging integrity was verified for all but one sample. Amoxicillin trihydrate/potassium clavulanate label ratio was 4:1, except for three formulations (2:1). Tablet dose strength ranged from 250 to 625 mg. All formulations contained both analytes. For amoxicillin, two of 24 samples were out of specification with 72.8% (Malaysia) and 82.3% (Thailand) of labelled content. For clavulanate, four of 24 samples were out of specification with 46.9% (Serbia), 79.0% (UK), 84.3% (Serbia) and 86.5% (Thailand) of labelled content. One formulation (Thailand) failed for both analytes. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Antimicrobial formulations of substandard quality have negative consequences for efficacy in patients and potentially promote antimicrobial resistance. There was evidence of substandard formulations in all countries, not only for amoxicillin but especially for clavulanate; this could compromise equitable access to acceptable quality essential veterinary medicines worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pelligand
- Department of Clinical Services and Sciences and Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK
| | - D Baker
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical & Biological Sciences, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | | | - Z Kovačević
- Department for Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - N Suemanotham
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - J L Stair
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical & Biological Sciences, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - M Scott
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical & Biological Sciences, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - F Liu
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical & Biological Sciences, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - S W Page
- Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Advanced Veterinary Therapeutics, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - L Guardabassi
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - P V Steagall
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2, Canada
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Centre for Animal Health and Welfare, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Steen C, Cho YM, Scott M, Jain A, Balakrishnan V, Keck J, An V, Chandra R. Local anaesthetic for pain post rubber band ligation of haemorrhoids: a prospective, single-blinded randomised controlled trial. Tech Coloproctol 2023; 27:867-872. [PMID: 36856913 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-023-02777-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rubber band ligation (RBL) is a widely accepted intervention for the treatment of haemorrhoids. However, post procedure pain is a common complaint. The aim of this study was to determine whether the addition of local anaesthetic (LA) to the haemorrhoid pedicle base, post RBL, aids in reducing early post-procedure pain. Additionally, to compare perceived perianal numbness, oral analgesia usage and total consumption, and adverse events. METHODS This study was a prospective, single-blinded randomised controlled trial. Patients were recruited from colorectal clinics in two Australian hospitals between 2018-2019. Patients randomised to the intervention (LA) group received 2mls bupivacaine 0.5% with adrenaline 1:200,000 to each haemorrhoid base. Patients in the control group were not administered LA. Pain scores were recorded over 48 h using visual analogue scales. Analgesia consumption was documented and other secondary objectives were recorded dichotomously (yes/no). RESULTS At 1 h post-procedure, patient reported pain scores were significantly lower in the LA group compared to the control group (p = 0.04). There were no significant differences in pain scores between the groups at 4, 24 or 48 h. Additionally, there were no significant differences between groups with respect to oral analgesia usage, perianal numbness or adverse events. CONCLUSIONS LA to the haemorrhoid pedicle post RBL may significantly reduce early post procedure pain without any increased risk of adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Steen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Eastern Health, 8 Arnold Street, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia.
- University of Edinburgh, Masters of Surgical Sciences, Edinburgh, UK.
- Adjunct Research Associate, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Y M Cho
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Eastern Health, 8 Arnold Street, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Scott
- Swinburne University, VIC, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Jain
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Eastern Health, 8 Arnold Street, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - V Balakrishnan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Eastern Health, 8 Arnold Street, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Keck
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Eastern Health, 8 Arnold Street, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - V An
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Eastern Health, 8 Arnold Street, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
- Adjunct Senior Lecturer, Monash University, Eastern Clinical School, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - R Chandra
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Eastern Health, 8 Arnold Street, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
- Adjunct Senior Lecturer, Monash University, Eastern Clinical School, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
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Ghneim M, Kufera J, Zhang A, Penaloza-Villalobos L, Swentek L, Watras J, Smith A, Hahn A, Rodriguez Mederos D, Dickhudt TJ, Laverick P, Cunningham K, Norwood S, Fernandez L, Jacobson LE, Williams JM, Lottenberg L, Azar F, Shillinglaw W, Slivinski A, Nahmias J, Donnelly M, Bala M, Egodage T, Zhu C, Udekwu PO, Norton H, Dunn JA, Baer R, McBride K, Santos AP, Shrestha K, Metzner CJ, Murphy JM, Schroeppel TJ, Stillman Z, O'Connor R, Johnson D, Berry C, Ratner M, Reynolds JK, Humphrey M, Scott M, Hickman ZL, Twelker K, Legister C, Glass NE, Siebenburgen C, Palmer B, Semon GR, Lieser M, McDonald H, Bugaev N, LeClair MJ, Stein D. Does lower extremity fracture fixation technique influence neurologic outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury? The EAST Brain vs. Bone multicenter trial. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2023; 95:516-523. [PMID: 37335182 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000004095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine whether lower extremity fracture fixation technique and timing (≤24 vs. >24 hours) impact neurologic outcomes in TBI patients. METHODS A prospective observational study was conducted across 30 trauma centers. Inclusion criteria were age 18 years and older, head Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) score of >2, and a diaphyseal femur or tibia fracture requiring external fixation (Ex-Fix), intramedullary nailing (IMN), or open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). The analysis was conducted using analysis of variamce, Kruskal-Wallis, and multivariable regression models. Neurologic outcomes were measured by discharge Ranchos Los Amigos Revised Scale (RLAS-R). RESULTS Of the 520 patients enrolled, 358 underwent Ex-Fix, IMN, or ORIF as definitive management. Head AIS was similar among cohorts. The Ex-Fix group experienced more severe lower extremity injuries (AIS score, 4-5) compared with the IMN group (16% vs. 3%, p = 0.01) but not the ORIF group (16% vs. 6%, p = 0.1). Time to operative intervention varied between the cohorts with the longest time to intervention for the IMN group (median hours: Ex-Fix, 15 [8-24] vs. ORIF, 26 [12-85] vs. IMN, 31 [12-70]; p < 0.001). The discharge RLAS-R score distribution was similar across the groups. After adjusting for confounders, neither method nor timing of lower extremity fixation influenced the discharge RLAS-R. Instead, increasing age and head AIS score were associated with a lower discharge RLAS-R score (odds ratio [OR], 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.002-1.03 and OR, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.75-3.22), and a higher Glasgow Coma Scale motor score on admission (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73-0.97) was associated with higher RLAS-R score at discharge. CONCLUSION Neurologic outcomes in TBI are impacted by severity of the head injury and not the fracture fixation technique or timing. Therefore, the strategy of definitive fixation of lower extremity fractures should be dictated by patient physiology and the anatomy of the injured extremity and not by the concern for worsening neurologic outcomes in TBI patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Prognostic and Epidemiological; Level III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Ghneim
- From the R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center (M.G., D.S.), Program in Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine; National Study Center for Trauma and Emergency Medical Systems, Program in Trauma, Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (J.K.), University of Maryland School of Medicine; University of Maryland School of Medicine (A.Z.); Department of Surgery (L.P.-V., L.S.), Loma Linda University Medical Center; Inova Fairfax Hospital (J.W.); LSUHCS (A.S.); Ochsner Medical Center (A.H.); Broward Health Medical Center (D.R.M., T.J.D.); Atrium Health Carolinas Medical Center (P.L., K.C.); University of Texas Health Science Center (S.N., L.F.); Ascension St. Vincent Hospital (L.E.J., J.M.W.); St. Mary's Medical Center (L.L., F.A.), Florida Atlantic University, Schmidt College of Medicine; Mission Hospital (W.S., A.S.); University of California, Irvine (J.N., M.D.); Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine (M.B.), Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Cooper University Health Care (T.E.); Cooper University Health Care (C.Z.); WakeMed Health and Hospitals (P.O.U., H.N.); Medical Center of the Rockies (J.A.D.), University of Colorado Health North; Orthopedic Center of the Rockies (R.B.); Memorial University Medical Center (K.M.); Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center (A.P.S., K.S.); Spartanburg Regional Medical Center (C.J.M., J.M.M.); Memorial Hospital Central (T.J.S., Z.S.); Yale School of Medicine (R.O., D.J.); NYU Grossman School of Medicine (C.B., M.R.,); University of Kentucky (J.K.R., M.H.); St. Mary's Medical Center (M.S.), Essentia Health; NYC Health + Hospitals/Elmhurst (Z.L.H., K.T.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School (C.L., N.E.G.); Kettering Health Main Campus (C.S., B.P.); Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine (G.R.S.); Research Medical Center (M.L., H.M.); Tufts Medical Center (N.B.), Tuft University School of Medicine; and Tufts Medical Center (M.J.L.)
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Abe K, Akhlaq N, Akutsu R, Ali A, Alonso Monsalve S, Alt C, Andreopoulos C, Antonova M, Aoki S, Arihara T, Asada Y, Ashida Y, Atkin ET, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Barrow D, Batkiewicz-Kwasniak M, Bench F, Berardi V, Berns L, Bhadra S, Blanchet A, Blondel A, Bolognesi S, Bonus T, Bordoni S, Boyd SB, Bravar A, Bronner C, Bron S, Bubak A, Buizza Avanzini M, Caballero JA, Calabria NF, Cao S, Carabadjac D, Carter AJ, Cartwright SL, Catanesi MG, Cervera A, Chakrani J, Cherdack D, Chong PS, Christodoulou G, Chvirova A, Cicerchia M, Coleman J, Collazuol G, Cook L, Cudd A, Dalmazzone C, Daret T, Davydov YI, De Roeck A, De Rosa G, Dealtry T, Delogu CC, Densham C, Dergacheva A, Di Lodovico F, Dolan S, Douqa D, Doyle TA, Drapier O, Dumarchez J, Dunne P, Dygnarowicz K, Eguchi A, Emery-Schrenk S, Erofeev G, Ershova A, Eurin G, Fedorova D, Fedotov S, Feltre M, Finch AJ, Fiorentini Aguirre GA, Fiorillo G, Fitton MD, Franco Patiño JM, Friend M, Fujii Y, Fukuda Y, Fusshoeller K, Giannessi L, Giganti C, Glagolev V, Gonin M, González Rosa J, Goodman EAG, Gorin A, Grassi M, Guigue M, Hadley DR, Haigh JT, Hamacher-Baumann P, Harris DA, Hartz M, Hasegawa T, Hassani S, Hastings NC, Hayato Y, Henaff D, Hiramoto A, Hogan M, Holeczek J, Holin A, Holvey T, Hong Van NT, Honjo T, Iacob F, Ichikawa AK, Ikeda M, Ishida T, Ishitsuka M, Israel HT, Iwamoto K, Izmaylov A, Izumi N, Jakkapu M, Jamieson B, Jenkins SJ, Jesús-Valls C, Jiang JJ, Jonsson P, Joshi S, Jung CK, Jurj PB, Kabirnezhad M, Kaboth AC, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Kasetti SP, Kataoka Y, Katayama Y, Katori T, Kawaue M, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khotjantsev A, Kikawa T, Kikutani H, King S, Kiseeva V, Kisiel J, Kobata T, Kobayashi H, Kobayashi T, Koch L, Kodama S, Konaka A, Kormos LL, Koshio Y, Kostin A, Koto T, Kowalik K, Kudenko Y, Kudo Y, Kuribayashi S, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Kuze M, La Commara M, Labarga L, Lachner K, Lagoda J, Lakshmi SM, Lamers James M, Lamoureux M, Langella A, Laporte JF, Last D, Latham N, Laveder M, Lavitola L, Lawe M, Lee Y, Lin C, Lin SK, Litchfield RP, Liu SL, Li W, Longhin A, Long KR, Lopez Moreno A, Ludovici L, Lu X, Lux T, Machado LN, Magaletti L, Mahn K, Malek M, Mandal M, Manly S, Marino AD, Marti-Magro L, Martin DGR, Martini M, Martin JF, Maruyama T, Matsubara T, Matveev V, Mauger C, Mavrokoridis K, Mazzucato E, McCauley N, McElwee J, McFarland KS, McGrew C, McKean J, Mefodiev A, Megias GD, Mehta P, Mellet L, Metelko C, Mezzetto M, Miller E, Minamino A, Mineev O, Mine S, Miura M, Molina Bueno L, Moriyama S, Moriyama S, Morrison P, Mueller TA, Munford D, Munteanu L, Nagai K, Nagai Y, Nakadaira T, Nakagiri K, Nakahata M, Nakajima Y, Nakamura A, Nakamura H, Nakamura K, Nakamura KD, Nakano Y, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Nakayoshi K, Naseby CER, Ngoc TV, Nguyen VQ, Niewczas K, Nishimori S, Nishimura Y, Nishizaki K, Nosek T, Nova F, Novella P, Nugent JC, O’Keeffe HM, O’Sullivan L, Odagawa T, Ogawa T, Okada R, Okinaga W, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Ospina N, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Palladino V, Paolone V, Pari M, Parlone J, Parsa S, Pasternak J, Pavin M, Payne D, Penn GC, Pershey D, Pickering L, Pidcott C, Pintaudi G, Pistillo C, Popov B, Porwit K, Posiadala-Zezula M, Prabhu YS, Pupilli F, Quilain B, Radermacher T, Radicioni E, Radics B, Ramírez MA, Ratoff PN, Reh M, Riccio C, Rondio E, Roth S, Roy N, Rubbia A, Ruggeri AC, Ruggles CA, Rychter A, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Santucci G, Schloesser CM, Scholberg K, Scott M, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Sgalaberna D, Shaikhiev A, Shaker F, Shaykina A, Shiozawa M, Shorrock W, Shvartsman A, Skrobova N, Skwarczynski K, Smyczek D, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sobel H, Soler FJP, Sonoda Y, Speers AJ, Spina R, Suslov IA, Suvorov S, Suzuki A, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Sztuc AA, Tada M, Tairafune S, Takayasu S, Takeda A, Takeuchi Y, Takifuji K, Tanaka HK, Tanihara Y, Tani M, Teklu A, Tereshchenko VV, Teshima N, Thamm N, Thompson LF, Toki W, Touramanis C, Towstego T, Tsui KM, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Vagins M, Vargas D, Varghese M, Vasseur G, Vilela C, Villa E, Vinning WGS, Virginet U, Vladisavljevic T, Wachala T, Walsh JG, Wang Y, Wan L, Wark D, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, Wilking MJ, Wilkinson C, Wilson JR, Wood K, Wret C, Xia J, Xu YH, Yamamoto K, Yamamoto T, Yanagisawa C, Yang G, Yano T, Yasutome K, Yershov N, Yevarouskaya U, Yokoyama M, Yoshimoto Y, Yoshimura N, Yu M, Zaki R, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zaremba K, Zarnecki G, Zhao X, Zhu T, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Zsoldos S. Measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters from the T2K experiment using 3.6×1021 protons on target. Eur Phys J C Part Fields 2023; 83:782. [PMID: 37680254 PMCID: PMC10480298 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11819-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The T2K experiment presents new measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters using 19.7 ( 16.3 ) × 10 20 protons on target (POT) in (anti-)neutrino mode at the far detector (FD). Compared to the previous analysis, an additional 4.7 × 10 20 POT neutrino data was collected at the FD. Significant improvements were made to the analysis methodology, with the near-detector analysis introducing new selections and using more than double the data. Additionally, this is the first T2K oscillation analysis to use NA61/SHINE data on a replica of the T2K target to tune the neutrino flux model, and the neutrino interaction model was improved to include new nuclear effects and calculations. Frequentist and Bayesian analyses are presented, including results on sin 2 θ 13 and the impact of priors on the δ CP measurement. Both analyses prefer the normal mass ordering and upper octant of sin 2 θ 23 with a nearly maximally CP-violating phase. Assuming the normal ordering and using the constraint on sin 2 θ 13 from reactors, sin 2 θ 23 = 0 . 561 - 0.032 + 0.021 using Feldman-Cousins corrected intervals, and Δ m 32 2 = 2 . 494 - 0.058 + 0.041 × 10 - 3 eV 2 using constant Δ χ 2 intervals. The CP-violating phase is constrained to δ CP = - 1 . 97 - 0.70 + 0.97 using Feldman-Cousins corrected intervals, and δ CP = 0 , π is excluded at more than 90% confidence level. A Jarlskog invariant of zero is excluded at more than 2 σ credible level using a flat prior in δ CP , and just below 2 σ using a flat prior in sin δ CP . When the external constraint on sin 2 θ 13 is removed, sin 2 θ 13 = 28 . 0 - 6.5 + 2.8 × 10 - 3 , in agreement with measurements from reactor experiments. These results are consistent with previous T2K analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Abe
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - N. Akhlaq
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - R. Akutsu
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - A. Ali
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC Canada
- Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB Canada
| | - S. Alonso Monsalve
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C. Alt
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C. Andreopoulos
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - M. Antonova
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - S. Aoki
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - T. Arihara
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y. Asada
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Y. Ashida
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - E. T. Atkin
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M. Barbi
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan Canada
| | - G. J. Barker
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - G. Barr
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - D. Barrow
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | | | - F. Bench
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - V. Berardi
- Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - L. Berns
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi Japan
| | - S. Bhadra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - A. Blanchet
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A. Blondel
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - S. Bolognesi
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - T. Bonus
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - S. Bordoni
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S. B. Boyd
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - A. Bravar
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C. Bronner
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - S. Bron
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - A. Bubak
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - M. Buizza Avanzini
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
| | - J. A. Caballero
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - N. F. Calabria
- Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - S. Cao
- Institute For Interdisciplinary Research in Science and Education (IFIRSE), ICISE, Quy Nhon, Vietnam
| | - D. Carabadjac
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A. J. Carter
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey UK
| | - S. L. Cartwright
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - M. G. Catanesi
- Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - A. Cervera
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - J. Chakrani
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
| | - D. Cherdack
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX USA
| | - P. S. Chong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - G. Christodoulou
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - A. Chvirova
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M. Cicerchia
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Legnaro, Italy
| | - J. Coleman
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - G. Collazuol
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - L. Cook
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - A. Cudd
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO USA
| | - C. Dalmazzone
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - T. Daret
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Yu. I. Davydov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region Russia
| | - A. De Roeck
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - G. De Rosa
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - T. Dealtry
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - C. C. Delogu
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - C. Densham
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell, Oxford, UK
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A. Dergacheva
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - F. Di Lodovico
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS UK
| | - S. Dolan
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - D. Douqa
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - T. A. Doyle
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - O. Drapier
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
| | - J. Dumarchez
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - P. Dunne
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - K. Dygnarowicz
- Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A. Eguchi
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S. Emery-Schrenk
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - G. Erofeev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. Ershova
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - G. Eurin
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D. Fedorova
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S. Fedotov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M. Feltre
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - A. J. Finch
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | | | - G. Fiorillo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - M. D. Fitton
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell, Oxford, UK
| | - J. M. Franco Patiño
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - M. Friend
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - Y. Fujii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - Y. Fukuda
- Department of Physics, Miyagi University of Education, Sendai, Japan
| | - K. Fusshoeller
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - L. Giannessi
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C. Giganti
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - V. Glagolev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region Russia
| | - M. Gonin
- ILANCE, CNRS-University of Tokyo International Research Laboratory, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582 Japan
| | - J. González Rosa
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - E. A. G. Goodman
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - A. Gorin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M. Grassi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - M. Guigue
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - D. R. Hadley
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - J. T. Haigh
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | | | - D. A. Harris
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - M. Hartz
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - T. Hasegawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - S. Hassani
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N. C. Hastings
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - Y. Hayato
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D. Henaff
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A. Hiramoto
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M. Hogan
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado USA
| | - J. Holeczek
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - A. Holin
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell, Oxford, UK
| | - T. Holvey
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - N. T. Hong Van
- International Centre of Physics, Institute of Physics (IOP), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 10 Dao Tan, Ba Dinh, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - T. Honjo
- Department of Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - F. Iacob
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - A. K. Ichikawa
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi Japan
| | - M. Ikeda
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T. Ishida
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - M. Ishitsuka
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba Japan
| | - H. T. Israel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - K. Iwamoto
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A. Izmaylov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - N. Izumi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba Japan
| | - M. Jakkapu
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - B. Jamieson
- Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB Canada
| | - S. J. Jenkins
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - C. Jesús-Valls
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
| | - J. J. Jiang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - P. Jonsson
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - S. Joshi
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C. K. Jung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - P. B. Jurj
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M. Kabirnezhad
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A. C. Kaboth
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey UK
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell, Oxford, UK
| | - T. Kajita
- Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H. Kakuno
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J. Kameda
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - S. P. Kasetti
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA USA
| | - Y. Kataoka
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y. Katayama
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - T. Katori
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS UK
| | - M. Kawaue
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - E. Kearns
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M. Khabibullin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. Khotjantsev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - T. Kikawa
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H. Kikutani
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S. King
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS UK
| | - V. Kiseeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region Russia
| | - J. Kisiel
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - T. Kobata
- Department of Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - H. Kobayashi
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T. Kobayashi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - L. Koch
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - S. Kodama
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - L. L. Kormos
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Y. Koshio
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A. Kostin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - T. Koto
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K. Kowalik
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Y. Kudenko
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), Moscow Region, Russia and National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, Moscow, Russia
| | - Y. Kudo
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - R. Kurjata
- Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T. Kutter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA USA
| | - M. Kuze
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M. La Commara
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - L. Labarga
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University Autonoma Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - K. Lachner
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - J. Lagoda
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S. M. Lakshmi
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M. Lamers James
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell, Oxford, UK
| | - M. Lamoureux
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - A. Langella
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - J.-F. Laporte
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D. Last
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - N. Latham
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - M. Laveder
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - L. Lavitola
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - M. Lawe
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Y. Lee
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - C. Lin
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - S.-K. Lin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA USA
| | - R. P. Litchfield
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - S. L. Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - W. Li
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - A. Longhin
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - K. R. Long
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell, Oxford, UK
| | - A. Lopez Moreno
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS UK
| | - L. Ludovici
- INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - X. Lu
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - T. Lux
- Institut de Fisica d’Altes Energies (IFAE)-The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
| | - L. N. Machado
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - L. Magaletti
- Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - K. Mahn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - M. Malek
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - M. Mandal
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S. Manly
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
| | - A. D. Marino
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO USA
| | - L. Marti-Magro
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - M. Martini
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
- IPSA-DRII, Ivry-sur-Seine, France
| | - J. F. Martin
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - T. Maruyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - T. Matsubara
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - V. Matveev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - C. Mauger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - K. Mavrokoridis
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - E. Mazzucato
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N. McCauley
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - J. McElwee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - K. S. McFarland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
| | - C. McGrew
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - J. McKean
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A. Mefodiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - G. D. Megias
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - P. Mehta
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - L. Mellet
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - C. Metelko
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - M. Mezzetto
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - E. Miller
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS UK
| | - A. Minamino
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - O. Mineev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S. Mine
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - M. Miura
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - S. Moriyama
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S. Moriyama
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - P. Morrison
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Th. A. Mueller
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
| | - D. Munford
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX USA
| | - L. Munteanu
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - K. Nagai
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Y. Nagai
- Department of Atomic Physics, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - T. Nakadaira
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - K. Nakagiri
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M. Nakahata
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y. Nakajima
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A. Nakamura
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - H. Nakamura
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba Japan
| | - K. Nakamura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - K. D. Nakamura
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi Japan
| | - Y. Nakano
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - S. Nakayama
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T. Nakaya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K. Nakayoshi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | | | - T. V. Ngoc
- Institute For Interdisciplinary Research in Science and Education (IFIRSE), ICISE, Quy Nhon, Vietnam
- The Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - V. Q. Nguyen
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
| | - K. Niewczas
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - S. Nishimori
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - Y. Nishimura
- Department of Physics, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa Japan
| | - K. Nishizaki
- Department of Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - T. Nosek
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - F. Nova
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell, Oxford, UK
| | - P. Novella
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - J. C. Nugent
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi Japan
| | | | - L. O’Sullivan
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - T. Odagawa
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T. Ogawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - R. Okada
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - W. Okinaga
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K. Okumura
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T. Okusawa
- Department of Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - N. Ospina
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University Autonoma Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - R. A. Owen
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Y. Oyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - V. Palladino
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - V. Paolone
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - M. Pari
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - J. Parlone
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - S. Parsa
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J. Pasternak
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - D. Payne
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - G. C. Penn
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - D. Pershey
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - L. Pickering
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey UK
| | - C. Pidcott
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - G. Pintaudi
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - C. Pistillo
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - B. Popov
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
- JINR, Dubna, Russia
| | - K. Porwit
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Y. S. Prabhu
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - F. Pupilli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - B. Quilain
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
| | - T. Radermacher
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - E. Radicioni
- Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - B. Radics
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - M. A. Ramírez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - P. N. Ratoff
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - M. Reh
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO USA
| | - C. Riccio
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - E. Rondio
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S. Roth
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - N. Roy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - A. Rubbia
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A. C. Ruggeri
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - C. A. Ruggles
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - A. Rychter
- Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K. Sakashita
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - F. Sánchez
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - G. Santucci
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - C. M. Schloesser
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K. Scholberg
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M. Scott
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Y. Seiya
- Department of Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- Science Department, BMCC/CUNY, New York, NY USA
| | - T. Sekiguchi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - H. Sekiya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - D. Sgalaberna
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A. Shaikhiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - F. Shaker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - A. Shaykina
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M. Shiozawa
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - W. Shorrock
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A. Shvartsman
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - N. Skrobova
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - D. Smyczek
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - M. Smy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
| | - J. T. Sobczyk
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - H. Sobel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
| | - F. J. P. Soler
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Y. Sonoda
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - A. J. Speers
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - R. Spina
- Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - I. A. Suslov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region Russia
| | - S. Suvorov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | | | - S. Y. Suzuki
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - Y. Suzuki
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
| | - A. A. Sztuc
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M. Tada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - S. Tairafune
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi Japan
| | - S. Takayasu
- Department of Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - A. Takeda
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y. Takeuchi
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - K. Takifuji
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi Japan
| | - H. K. Tanaka
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y. Tanihara
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - M. Tani
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A. Teklu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | | | - N. Teshima
- Department of Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - N. Thamm
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - L. F. Thompson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - W. Toki
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado USA
| | - C. Touramanis
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - T. Towstego
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - K. M. Tsui
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - T. Tsukamoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - M. Tzanov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA USA
| | - Y. Uchida
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M. Vagins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
| | - D. Vargas
- Institut de Fisica d’Altes Energies (IFAE)-The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
| | - M. Varghese
- Institut de Fisica d’Altes Energies (IFAE)-The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
| | - G. Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C. Vilela
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - E. Villa
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - U. Virginet
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | | | - T. Wachala
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - J. G. Walsh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Y. Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - L. Wan
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
| | - D. Wark
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell, Oxford, UK
| | - M. O. Wascko
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A. Weber
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - R. Wendell
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M. J. Wilking
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - C. Wilkinson
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - J. R. Wilson
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS UK
| | - K. Wood
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - C. Wret
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - J. Xia
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
| | - Y.-H. Xu
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - K. Yamamoto
- Department of Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (NITEP), Osaka, Japan
| | - T. Yamamoto
- Department of Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - C. Yanagisawa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
- Science Department, BMCC/CUNY, New York, NY USA
| | - G. Yang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - T. Yano
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - K. Yasutome
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - N. Yershov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - U. Yevarouskaya
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - M. Yokoyama
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y. Yoshimoto
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N. Yoshimura
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M. Yu
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - R. Zaki
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - A. Zalewska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - J. Zalipska
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K. Zaremba
- Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - G. Zarnecki
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - X. Zhao
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T. Zhu
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M. Ziembicki
- Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E. D. Zimmerman
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO USA
| | - M. Zito
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - S. Zsoldos
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS UK
| | - T2K Collaboration
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University Autonoma Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO USA
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado USA
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
- Department of Atomic Physics, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX USA
- Institut de Fisica d’Altes Energies (IFAE)-The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
- Institute For Interdisciplinary Research in Science and Education (IFIRSE), ICISE, Quy Nhon, Vietnam
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- International Centre of Physics, Institute of Physics (IOP), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 10 Dao Tan, Ba Dinh, Hanoi, Vietnam
- ILANCE, CNRS-University of Tokyo International Research Laboratory, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582 Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- Department of Physics, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa Japan
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS UK
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region Russia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
- Department of Physics, Miyagi University of Education, Sendai, Japan
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey UK
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell, Oxford, UK
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
- Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba Japan
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC Canada
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi Japan
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB Canada
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw University, Wrocław, Poland
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, ON Canada
- Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Legnaro, Italy
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), Moscow Region, Russia and National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, Moscow, Russia
- IPSA-DRII, Ivry-sur-Seine, France
- The Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- JINR, Dubna, Russia
- Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (NITEP), Osaka, Japan
- Science Department, BMCC/CUNY, New York, NY USA
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9
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Awerbach J, Paoli C, Scott M, Doad G, Harley J, Graham D, Small M, Panjabi S, Reardon L. Treatment Patterns in Congenital Heart Disease Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Results from a Real-World PAH-CHD Study in the United States. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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10
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Mullin A, Scott M, Vaccaro G, Gittins R, Ferla S, Schifano F, Guirguis A. Handheld Raman Spectroscopy in the First UK Home Office Licensed Pharmacist-Led Community Drug Checking Service. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:4793. [PMID: 36981705 PMCID: PMC10049009 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Across the world, the interest in point-of-care drug checking as a harm-reduction intervention is growing. This is an attempt to improve intelligence about current drug trends and reduce drug-related morbidity and mortality. In the UK, drug-related harm is increasing exponentially year after year. As such, specialist community treatment services are exploring new methods to improve engagement with people who use drugs (PWUD), who may require support for their problematic drug use. This need has driven the requirement to pilot an on-site, time-responsive, readily available drug-checking service at point-of-support centres. In this study, we piloted the UK's first Home Office-licensed drug-checking service that was embedded into a community substance-misuse service and had all on-site analysis and harm-reduction interventions led and delivered by pharmacists. We report on the laboratory findings from the associated confirmatory analysis (UHPLC-MS, GC-MS, and 1H NMR) to assess the performance of the on-site hand-held Raman spectrometer and outline the challenges of providing real-time analysis of psychoactive substances in a clinical setting. Whilst acknowledging the limitation of the small sample size (n = 13), we demonstrate the potential suitability of using this technology for the purposes of screening substances in community-treatment services. Portability of equipment and timeliness of results are important and only very small samples may be provided by people who use the service. The challenges of accurately identifying substances from complex mixtures were equally found with both point-of-care Raman spectroscopy and laboratory confirmatory-analysis techniques. Further studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Mullin
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Science, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Mark Scott
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Science, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Giorgia Vaccaro
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Science, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Rosalind Gittins
- Clinical Department, WDP-Westminster Drug Project, 18 Dartmouth St., London SW1H 9BL, UK
| | - Salvatore Ferla
- Pharmacy, Medical School, The Grove Extension, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Fabrizio Schifano
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Science, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Amira Guirguis
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Science, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
- Pharmacy, Medical School, The Grove Extension, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
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11
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Gunn D, Topan R, Barnard L, Fried R, Holloway I, Brindle R, Corsetti M, Scott M, Farmer A, Kapur K, Sanders D, Eugenicos M, Trudgill N, Whorwell P, Mclaughlin J, Akbar A, Houghton L, Dinning PG, Aziz Q, Ford AC, Farrin AJ, Spiller R. Randomised, placebo-controlled trial and meta-analysis show benefit of ondansetron for irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea: The TRITON trial. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2023; 57:1258-1271. [PMID: 36866724 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ondansetron may be beneficial in irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (IBS-D). AIM To conduct a 12-week parallel group, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of ondansetron 4 mg o.d. (titrated up to 8 mg t.d.s.) in 400 IBS-D patients. PRIMARY ENDPOINT % responders using the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) composite endpoint. Secondary and mechanistic endpoints included stool consistency (Bristol Stool Form Scale) and whole gut transit time (WGTT). After literature review, results were pooled with other placebo-controlled trials in a meta-analysis to estimate relative risks (RR), 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and number needed to treat (NNT). RESULTS Eighty patients were randomised. On intention-to-treat analysis, 15/37 (40.5%; 95% CI 24.7%-56.4%) met the primary endpoint on ondansetron versus 12/43 (27.9%; 95% CI 14.5%-41.3%) on placebo (p = 0.19). Ondansetron improved stool consistency compared with placebo (adjusted mean difference - 0.7; 95% CI -1.0 to-0.3, p < 0.001). Ondansetron increased WGTT between baseline and week 12 (mean (SD) difference 3.8 (9.1) hours, versus placebo -2.2 (10.3) hours, p = 0.01). Meta-analysis of 327 patients from this, and two similar trials, demonstrated ondansetron was superior to placebo for the FDA composite endpoint (RR of symptoms not responding = 0.86; 95% CI 0.75-0.98, NNT = 9) and stool response (RR = 0.65; 95% CI 0.52-0.82, NNT = 5), but not abdominal pain response (RR = 0.95; 95% CI 0.74-1.20). CONCLUSIONS Although small numbers meant the primary endpoint was not met in this trial, when pooled with other similar trials meta-analysis suggests ondansetron improves stool consistency and reduces days with loose stool and urgency. Trial registration - http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN17508514.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Gunn
- NIHR Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Rabia Topan
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK.,Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Lorna Barnard
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Ron Fried
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
| | - Ivana Holloway
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Richard Brindle
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Maura Corsetti
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Mark Scott
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
| | - Adam Farmer
- Royal Stoke Hospital, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke, UK
| | - Kapil Kapur
- Barnsley Hospital, Barnsley Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Barnsley, UK
| | - David Sanders
- Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Maria Eugenicos
- Western General Hospital Edinburgh, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nigel Trudgill
- Sandwell General Hospital, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Peter Whorwell
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - John Mclaughlin
- Salford Royal University Hospital, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Ayesha Akbar
- St Mark's Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Lesley Houghton
- University of Leeds, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, Level 9, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Phil G Dinning
- Discipline of Surgery and Gastroenterology, Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Qasim Aziz
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
| | - Alexander C Ford
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Amanda J Farrin
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Robin Spiller
- NIHR Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
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12
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Abe K, Hayato Y, Hiraide K, Ieki K, Ikeda M, Kameda J, Kanemura Y, Kaneshima R, Kashiwagi Y, Kataoka Y, Miki S, Mine S, Miura M, Moriyama S, Nakano Y, Nakahata M, Nakayama S, Noguchi Y, Okamoto K, Sato K, Sekiya H, Shiba H, Shimizu K, Shiozawa M, Sonoda Y, Suzuki Y, Takeda A, Takemoto Y, Takenaka A, Tanaka H, Watanabe S, Yano T, Han S, Kajita T, Okumura K, Tashiro T, Tomiya T, Wang X, Xia J, Yoshida S, Megias GD, Fernandez P, Labarga L, Ospina N, Zaldivar B, Pointon BW, Kearns E, Raaf JL, Wan L, Wester T, Bian J, Griskevich NJ, Kropp WR, Locke S, Smy MB, Sobel HW, Takhistov V, Yankelevich A, Hill J, Park RG, Bodur B, Scholberg K, Walter CW, Bernard L, Coffani A, Drapier O, El Hedri S, Giampaolo A, Mueller TA, Santos AD, Paganini P, Quilain B, Ishizuka T, Nakamura T, Jang JS, Learned JG, Choi K, Cao S, Anthony LHV, Martin D, Scott M, Sztuc AA, Uchida Y, Berardi V, Catanesi MG, Radicioni E, Calabria NF, Machado LN, De Rosa G, Collazuol G, Iacob F, Lamoureux M, Mattiazzi M, Ludovici L, Gonin M, Pronost G, Fujisawa C, Maekawa Y, Nishimura Y, Friend M, Hasegawa T, Ishida T, Kobayashi T, Jakkapu M, Matsubara T, Nakadaira T, Nakamura K, Oyama Y, Sakashita K, Sekiguchi T, Tsukamoto T, Boschi T, Di Lodovico F, Gao J, Goldsack A, Katori T, Migenda J, Taani M, Zsoldos S, Kotsar Y, Ozaki H, Suzuki AT, Takeuchi Y, Bronner C, Feng J, Kikawa T, Mori M, Nakaya T, Wendell RA, Yasutome K, Jenkins SJ, McCauley N, Mehta P, Tsui KM, Fukuda Y, Itow Y, Menjo H, Ninomiya K, Lagoda J, Lakshmi SM, Mandal M, Mijakowski P, Prabhu YS, Zalipska J, Jia M, Jiang J, Jung CK, Wilking MJ, Yanagisawa C, Harada M, Ishino H, Ito S, Kitagawa H, Koshio Y, Nakanishi F, Sakai S, Barr G, Barrow D, Cook L, Samani S, Wark D, Nova F, Yang JY, Malek M, McElwee JM, Stone O, Thiesse MD, Thompson LF, Okazawa H, Kim SB, Seo JW, Yu I, Ichikawa AK, Nakamura KD, Tairafune S, Nishijima K, Iwamoto K, Nakagiri K, Nakajima Y, Taniuchi N, Yokoyama M, Martens K, de Perio P, Vagins MR, Kuze M, Izumiyama S, Inomoto M, Ishitsuka M, Ito H, Kinoshita T, Matsumoto R, Ommura Y, Shigeta N, Shinoki M, Suganuma T, Yamauchi K, Martin JF, Tanaka HA, Towstego T, Akutsu R, Gousy-Leblanc V, Hartz M, Konaka A, Prouse NW, Chen S, Xu BD, Zhang B, Posiadala-Zezula M, Hadley D, Nicholson M, O'Flaherty M, Richards B, Ali A, Jamieson B, Marti L, Minamino A, Pintaudi G, Sano S, Suzuki S, Wada K. Search for Cosmic-Ray Boosted Sub-GeV Dark Matter Using Recoil Protons at Super-Kamiokande. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:031802. [PMID: 36763398 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.031802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We report a search for cosmic-ray boosted dark matter with protons using the 0.37 megaton×years data collected at Super-Kamiokande experiment during the 1996-2018 period (SKI-IV phase). We searched for an excess of proton recoils above the atmospheric neutrino background from the vicinity of the Galactic Center. No such excess is observed, and limits are calculated for two reference models of dark matter with either a constant interaction cross section or through a scalar mediator. This is the first experimental search for boosted dark matter with hadrons using directional information. The results present the most stringent limits on cosmic-ray boosted dark matter and exclude the dark matter-nucleon elastic scattering cross section between 10^{-33}cm^{2} and 10^{-27}cm^{2} for dark matter mass from 1 MeV/c^{2} to 300 MeV/c^{2}.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Abe
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - Y Hayato
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - K Hiraide
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - K Ieki
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - M Ikeda
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - J Kameda
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - Y Kanemura
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - R Kaneshima
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - Y Kashiwagi
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - Y Kataoka
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - S Miki
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - S Mine
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
| | - M Miura
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - S Moriyama
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - Y Nakano
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - M Nakahata
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - S Nakayama
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - Y Noguchi
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - K Okamoto
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - K Sato
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - H Sekiya
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - H Shiba
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - K Shimizu
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - M Shiozawa
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - Y Sonoda
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - Y Suzuki
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - A Takeda
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - Y Takemoto
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - A Takenaka
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - H Tanaka
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - S Watanabe
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - T Yano
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - S Han
- Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - T Kajita
- Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
- ILANCE, CNRS-University of Tokyo International Research Laboratory, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - K Okumura
- Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - T Tashiro
- Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - T Tomiya
- Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - X Wang
- Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - J Xia
- Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - S Yoshida
- Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - G D Megias
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - P Fernandez
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University Autonoma Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Labarga
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University Autonoma Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Ospina
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University Autonoma Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - B Zaldivar
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University Autonoma Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - B W Pointon
- Department of Physics, British Columbia Institute of Technology, Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 3H2, Canada
- TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T2A3, Canada
| | - E Kearns
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - J L Raaf
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - L Wan
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - T Wester
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - J Bian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
| | - N J Griskevich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
| | - W R Kropp
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
| | - S Locke
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
| | - M B Smy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - H W Sobel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - V Takhistov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - A Yankelevich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
| | - J Hill
- Department of Physics, California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - R G Park
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - B Bodur
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - K Scholberg
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - C W Walter
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - L Bernard
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, F-91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - A Coffani
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, F-91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - O Drapier
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, F-91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - S El Hedri
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, F-91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - A Giampaolo
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, F-91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Th A Mueller
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, F-91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - A D Santos
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, F-91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - P Paganini
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, F-91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - B Quilain
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, F-91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - T Ishizuka
- Junior College, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 811-0295, Japan
| | - T Nakamura
- Department of Physics, Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - J S Jang
- GIST College, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Korea
| | - J G Learned
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - K Choi
- Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Korea
| | - S Cao
- Institute For Interdisciplinary Research in Science and Education, ICISE, Quy Nhon 55121, Vietnam
| | - L H V Anthony
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - D Martin
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - M Scott
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - A A Sztuc
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Y Uchida
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - V Berardi
- Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - M G Catanesi
- Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - E Radicioni
- Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - N F Calabria
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - L N Machado
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - G De Rosa
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - G Collazuol
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - F Iacob
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Lamoureux
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Mattiazzi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - L Ludovici
- INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma "La Sapienza," I-00185, Roma, Italy
| | - M Gonin
- ILANCE, CNRS-University of Tokyo International Research Laboratory, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - G Pronost
- ILANCE, CNRS-University of Tokyo International Research Laboratory, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - C Fujisawa
- Department of Physics, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Y Maekawa
- Department of Physics, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Y Nishimura
- Department of Physics, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - M Friend
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - T Hasegawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - T Ishida
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - T Kobayashi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - M Jakkapu
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - T Matsubara
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - T Nakadaira
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - Y Oyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - K Sakashita
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - T Sekiguchi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - T Tsukamoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - T Boschi
- Department of Physics, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- Department of Physics, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - J Gao
- Department of Physics, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - A Goldsack
- Department of Physics, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - T Katori
- Department of Physics, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - J Migenda
- Department of Physics, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - M Taani
- Department of Physics, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - S Zsoldos
- Department of Physics, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - Y Kotsar
- Department of Physics, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - H Ozaki
- Department of Physics, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - A T Suzuki
- Department of Physics, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Y Takeuchi
- Department of Physics, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - C Bronner
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - J Feng
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - T Kikawa
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - M Mori
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - T Nakaya
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - R A Wendell
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - K Yasutome
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - S J Jenkins
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - N McCauley
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - P Mehta
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - K M Tsui
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - Y Fukuda
- Department of Physics, Miyagi University of Education, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan
| | - Y Itow
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
- Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
| | - H Menjo
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
| | - K Ninomiya
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
| | - J Lagoda
- National Centre For Nuclear Research, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - S M Lakshmi
- National Centre For Nuclear Research, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Mandal
- National Centre For Nuclear Research, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - P Mijakowski
- National Centre For Nuclear Research, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Y S Prabhu
- National Centre For Nuclear Research, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Zalipska
- National Centre For Nuclear Research, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Jia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - J Jiang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - C K Jung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M J Wilking
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - C Yanagisawa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M Harada
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - H Ishino
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - S Ito
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - H Kitagawa
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Y Koshio
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - F Nakanishi
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - S Sakai
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - G Barr
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - D Barrow
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - L Cook
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - S Samani
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - D Wark
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - F Nova
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Oxford OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - J Y Yang
- Department of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - M Malek
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - J M McElwee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - O Stone
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - M D Thiesse
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - L F Thompson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - H Okazawa
- Department of Informatics in Social Welfare, Shizuoka University of Welfare, Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-8611, Japan
| | - S B Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - J W Seo
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - I Yu
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - A K Ichikawa
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - K D Nakamura
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - S Tairafune
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - K Nishijima
- Department of Physics, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - K Iwamoto
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - K Nakagiri
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Y Nakajima
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - N Taniuchi
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - M Yokoyama
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - K Martens
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - P de Perio
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - M R Vagins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - M Kuze
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - S Izumiyama
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - M Inomoto
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - M Ishitsuka
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - H Ito
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - T Kinoshita
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - R Matsumoto
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Y Ommura
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - N Shigeta
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - M Shinoki
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - T Suganuma
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - K Yamauchi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - J F Martin
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7, Canada
| | - H A Tanaka
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7, Canada
| | - T Towstego
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7, Canada
| | - R Akutsu
- TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T2A3, Canada
| | - V Gousy-Leblanc
- TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T2A3, Canada
| | - M Hartz
- TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T2A3, Canada
| | - A Konaka
- TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T2A3, Canada
| | - N W Prouse
- TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T2A3, Canada
| | - S Chen
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - B D Xu
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - B Zhang
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | | | - D Hadley
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - M Nicholson
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - M O'Flaherty
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - B Richards
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - A Ali
- TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T2A3, Canada
- Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg, Manitoba R3J 3L8, Canada
| | - B Jamieson
- Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg, Manitoba R3J 3L8, Canada
| | - Ll Marti
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - A Minamino
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - G Pintaudi
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - S Sano
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - S Suzuki
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - K Wada
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
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Brown J, Hogg A, Scullin C, Fleming G, Scott M. 7-Steps medication reviews: analysis of medicine changes in acute medical wards. International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riac089.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
In Northern Ireland, medication errors cause 20 patient deaths, lead to around 800 non-elective hospital admissions and cost £1.9 million annually.1 The iSIMPATHY (implementing Stimulating Innovation in the Management of Polypharmacy and Adherence Through the Years) project is an EU-funded partnership between Scotland, Ireland and Northern Ireland delivering medication reviews using the 7-Steps medication review tool and asking ‘what matters to you?’ 2 The iSIMPATHY 7-Steps review is a new research study in Northern Ireland.
Aim
To identify medicine changes made by an independent prescribing pharmacist during 7-Steps medication reviews.
Method
Medication reviews were delivered on acute medical wards in the Northern Health and Social Care Trust. No patients were excluded from reviews, however reviews were targeted at patients aged 50 years and older and resident in a care home, approaching the end of their lives, prescribed 10 or more medicines or on high-risk medication. Data on medication changes made during 192 medication reviews was collected and analysed to identify the numbers and types of medicines stopped, started and doses altered. Ethical approval was not required, an approved Data Protection Impact Assessment was in place.
Results
Mean number of medicines per patient pre- and post-review were 12.2 and 12.3 respectively. Medicines were stopped in 49% of patients, dose decreased in 36%, changed to a more appropriate medicine in 15%, dose increased in 15% and new medicines started in 55%. Medicines stopped included opioids and gabapentenoids (18%), nutritional and electrolyte supplements (15%), items for comfort (9%), antidepressants (including amitriptyline for pain) (10%), antihypertensives and diuretics (8%), bladder anticholinergics and mirabegron (5%), laxatives (4%), betahistine (3%), quinine (2%). Dose decreases were made for analgesics including opioids (28%), PPI/H2RA (23%), anticoagulants (13%), statins and fibrates (6%), antihypertensives (6%), benzodiazepines and z-drugs (5%), antidiabetics (3%). Dose increases were made for anticoagulants and items for comfort (both 26%), laxatives (24%), pancreatin (15%), nutritional and electrolyte supplements (9%). Medicines started included nutritional and electrolyte supplements (45%), medicines for comfort (19%), laxatives (15%), nicotine replacement (7%), PPI/H2RA (2%), bisphosphonates (2%).
Discussion/Conclusion
The 7-STEPS medicine reviews led to important medicine changes while the number of medicines following review remained the same. The person-centred, holistic approach facilitated identification and actioning of the medicine changes that mattered to individual patients. Stopped and decreased dose medicines included high risk medicines, those likely to cause adverse effects or high anticholinergic burden and medicines no longer needed or effective for the individual. Medicine doses were increased for high risk medicines, to ensure sufficient nutritional, electrolyte and enzyme replacement and items for comfort for example constipation. Importantly, unmet therapeutic needs were identified and new medicines were prescribed to address these needs, for example, acid suppressants, bisphosphonates, anticoagulants, statins, antidiabetics, nicotine replacement therapy and for patient’s comfort including pain relief. Limitations include results may not be reflective of all hospital patients as set in an acute setting and through the iSIMPATHY project.
References
1. Transforming medication safety in Northern Ireland, Department of Health 2022. Available from: https://www.health-ni.gov.uk/sites/default/files/publications/health/Transforming-medication-safety-in-Northern-Ireland_1.pdf
2. iSimpathy. Making Medication Personal. 2022. Available from: https://www.isimpathy.eu/
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Affiliation(s)
- J Brown
- Medicines Optimisation Innovation Centre (MOIC) , Northern Ireland
| | - A Hogg
- Medicines Optimisation Innovation Centre (MOIC) , Northern Ireland
| | - C Scullin
- Medicines Optimisation Innovation Centre (MOIC) , Northern Ireland
| | - G Fleming
- Medicines Optimisation Innovation Centre (MOIC) , Northern Ireland
| | - M Scott
- Medicines Optimisation Innovation Centre (MOIC) , Northern Ireland
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14
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Chen S, Biswas M, Scott M, Small M, Lee L, Ruiz S, Emmanuel B. Symptom burden and health-related quality of life in moderate to severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis. RHINOL 2022. [DOI: 10.4193/rhinol/22.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) affects up to 4% of individuals. Common symptoms include nasal congestion/obstruction, nasal discharge, facial pain, and reduced sense of smell. This study describes patient- and physician-reported CRSwNP symptom burden and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in a real-world clinical setting. Methods: This multinational, geographically diverse, point-in-time survey invited physicians to evaluate 5 consecutive adults with confirmed bilateral moderate to severe CRSwNP (consecutive sampling) plus the next 2 patients with recurrent nasal polyps and ≥1 surgery for polyp removal (oversampling). Patients’ and physicians’ surveys were assessed in the entire consecutive sample and by categories of physician-determined CRSwNP severity, and by categories of asthma comorbidity (total sample). Patients’ and physicians’ responses were compared in a matched sample. Results: The total sample of 1,782 patients comprised 1,296 (72.7%) from consecutive sampling and 486 (27.3%) from oversampling. Among the consecutive sample (mean age, 46.9 years), 1,122 (86.6%) had moderate and 174 (13.4%) had severe CRSwNP. Of 1,697 patients from total sampling with known asthma status, 708 (41.7%) had asthma and 989 (58.3%) did not. Patients’ self-reported symptom frequency, severity, and burden on HRQOL worsened with increasing CRSwNP severity and comorbid asthma. Physicians underreported prevalence, severity, and impact of symptoms on daily activities compared with patients (matched sample). Conclusion: Patients and physicians from real-world settings both described a considerable burden of CRSwNP, but physicians consistently reported fewer and less severe symptoms than patients. This suggests a more patient-centric view is needed when assessing CRSwNP symptom burden and HRQOL.
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Dixon S, Benson A, Kalaiselvan R, Kanwar S, Samad A, Pritchard-Jones R, West C, Scott M. OC-022 MAINTAINING AN ELECTIVE ABDOMINAL WALL RECONSTRUCTION SERVICE DURING THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac308.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Elective surgery services suffered significantly due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to analyse the impact and outcomes of abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR) performed during the COVID-19 pandemic, assessing safety and sustainability.
Material and Methods
A retrospective review of all patients undergoing AWR in a single NHS trust, multiple surgeons, between 23rd March 2020 and 22rd March 2022, the 2 years following U.K. Government imposed lockdown, was undertaken and compared with the pre-pandemic AWR activity. Procedures were initially undertaken at a cold site and when demonstrated to be safe, main site operating restarted. The primary outcome was 90 day mortality, secondary outcomes of COVID-19 infection within 7 days, length of stay, critical care requirement, and complication rate.
Results
In the study period, 173 patients underwent AWR, compared with 99 cases in a single year preceding lockdown. 90 day mortality rate was zero. No patients returned positive COVID tests to the trust within 7 days of AWR, and no patients were readmitted for COVID related symptoms. Critical care admission was required in 7 patients, 3 of these were planned admissions pre-operatively. The surgical site occurrence rate was 9.8% (17), infection 5.8% (10), seroma 2.3% (4) and haematoma 1.7% (3). There were no recurrences reported, with follow up ranging between 1 and 18 months.
Conclusion
Continuing AWR services during the COVID pandemic is feasible and safe. Peri-operative COVID infection rates are low, critical care requirements minimal, and there is no impact on patient morbidity or mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dixon
- General Surgery, St Helens and Knowsley Trust , Liverpool , United Kingdom
| | - A Benson
- Plastic Surgery, St Helens and Knowsley Trust , Liverpool , United Kingdom
| | - R Kalaiselvan
- General Surgery, St Helens and Knowsley Trust , Liverpool , United Kingdom
| | - S Kanwar
- General Surgery, St Helens and Knowsley Trust , Liverpool , United Kingdom
| | - A Samad
- General Surgery, St Helens and Knowsley Trust , Liverpool , United Kingdom
| | - R Pritchard-Jones
- Plastic Surgery, St Helens and Knowsley Trust , Liverpool , United Kingdom
| | - C West
- Plastic Surgery, St Helens and Knowsley Trust , Liverpool , United Kingdom
| | - M Scott
- General Surgery, St Helens and Knowsley Trust , Liverpool , United Kingdom
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16
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Dixon S, Benson A, Kalaiselvan R, Kanwar S, Samad A, Pritchard-Jones R, West C, Scott M. P-135 FIRST EXPERIENCE WITH A NEW CLOSED INCISION NEGATIVE PRESSURE WOUND THERAPY, PREVENA™, IN ABDOMINAL WALL RECONSTRUCTION PATIENTS. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac308.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Surgical site infection (SSI) contributes a significant proportion of post operative morbidity in patients undergoing abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR). Prevena™ closed incision negative pressure wound therapy (ciNPT) has been demonstrated to reduce SSI rates in the elective and emergency laparotomy setting. However, there is no evidence for Prevena™ use in AWR patients. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and feasibility of Prevena™ in AWR patients.
Materials and Method
Patients undergoing AWR at a single trust were selected at random to receive Prevena™. This was applied to the incision under sterile conditions, a continuous pressure of -125mmHg was applied for 7 days. The primary outcome measure was SSI, with secondary outcomes of 90 day mortality, complications and length of stay.
Results
10 patients received ciNPT in the study period, 8 female 2 male, mean BMI was 34.5. All patients had a Rives-Stoppa repair, with 2 patients also requiring bilateral transversus abdominal release (TAR). A vertical panniculectomy with umboplasty was used in 7 cases, fleur-de-lys panniculectomy with umboplasty in 2 cases, and a single case approached via transverse panniculectomy. There were no deaths within 90 days, median length of stay was 4 days. There was a single SSI managed with oral antibiotics, not requiring admission.
Conclusion
Prevena™ has been shown to reduce SSI rates in other patient cohorts and this small series demonstrates it is feasible and safe to use in the AWR setting. Larger studies are required to demonstrate SSI rate reduction in AWR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dixon
- General Surgery, St Helens and Knowsley Trust , Liverpool , United Kingdom
| | - A Benson
- Plastic Surgery, St Helens and Knowsley Trust , Liverpool , United Kingdom
| | - R Kalaiselvan
- General Surgery, St Helens and Knowsley Trust , Liverpool , United Kingdom
| | - S Kanwar
- General Surgery, St Helens and Knowsley Trust , Liverpool , United Kingdom
| | - A Samad
- General Surgery, St Helens and Knowsley Trust , Liverpool , United Kingdom
| | - R Pritchard-Jones
- Plastic Surgery, St Helens and Knowsley Trust , Liverpool , United Kingdom
| | - C West
- Plastic Surgery, St Helens and Knowsley Trust , Liverpool , United Kingdom
| | - M Scott
- General Surgery, St Helens and Knowsley Trust , Liverpool , United Kingdom
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17
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Fertig B, Ling J, Nollet EE, Dobi S, Busiau T, Ishikawa K, Yamada K, Lee A, Kho C, Wills L, Tibbo AJ, Scott M, Grant K, Campbell KS, Birks EJ, MacQuaide N, Hajjar R, Smith GL, van der Velden J, Baillie GS. SUMOylation does not affect cardiac troponin I stability but alters indirectly the development of force in response to Ca 2. FEBS J 2022; 289:6267-6285. [PMID: 35633070 PMCID: PMC9588612 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Post-translational modification of the myofilament protein troponin I by phosphorylation is known to trigger functional changes that support enhanced contraction and relaxation of the heart. We report for the first time that human troponin I can also be modified by SUMOylation at lysine 177. Functionally, TnI SUMOylation is not a factor in the development of passive and maximal force generation in response to calcium, however this modification seems to act indirectly by preventing SUMOylation of other myofilament proteins to alter calcium sensitivity and cooperativity of myofilaments. Utilising a novel, custom SUMO site-specific antibody that recognises only the SUMOylated form of troponin I, we verify that this modification occurs in human heart and that it is upregulated during disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bracy Fertig
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary, Medical and Life SciencesGlasgow UniversityUK
| | - Jiayue Ling
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary, Medical and Life SciencesGlasgow UniversityUK
| | - Edgar E. Nollet
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Sara Dobi
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary, Medical and Life SciencesGlasgow UniversityUK
| | - Tara Busiau
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary, Medical and Life SciencesGlasgow UniversityUK
| | | | - Kelly Yamada
- Cardiovascular Research CentreIcahn School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Ahyoung Lee
- Cardiovascular Research CentreIcahn School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Changwon Kho
- Division of Applied MedicinePusan National UniversityKorea
| | - Lauren Wills
- Department of NeuroscienceIchan School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Amy J. Tibbo
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary, Medical and Life SciencesGlasgow UniversityUK
| | - Mark Scott
- INSERM, U1016, Institut CochinParisFrance
| | - Kirsten Grant
- Department of Clinical BiochemistryGlasgow Royal InfirmaryUK
| | - Kenneth S. Campbell
- Department of PhysiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
- Division of Cardiovasuclar MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
| | - Emma J. Birks
- Division of Cardiovasuclar MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
| | - Niall MacQuaide
- School of Health and Life SciencesGlasgow Caledonian UniversityUK
| | | | - Godfrey L. Smith
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary, Medical and Life SciencesGlasgow UniversityUK
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart InstituteUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - George S. Baillie
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary, Medical and Life SciencesGlasgow UniversityUK
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18
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Abstract
A central claim of many embodied approaches to cognition is that understanding others' actions is achieved by covertly simulating the observed actions and their consequences in one's own motor system. If such a simulation occurs, it may be accomplished through forward models, a component of the motor system already known to perform simulations of actions and their consequences in order to support sensory-monitoring of one's own actions. Forward-model simulations cause an attenuation of sensory intensity, so if the simulations hypothesized by embodied cognition are indeed provided by forward models, then action observation should trigger this sensory attenuation. To test this hypothesis, the experiments reported here measured the perceived intensity of a touch sensation on the finger when participants observed an active touch (a finger reaching to touch a ball) vs. a passive touch (a ball rolling to touch an unmoving finger). The touch sensation was perceived as less intense during observation of active touch in comparison with observation of passive touch, providing evidence that forward models are indeed engaged during action observation. The strength of this sensory attenuation is compared and contrasted with a well-established sensory-amplification effect caused by visual attention. This sensory-amplification effect has not generally been considered in studies related to sensory attenuation in action observation, which may explain conflicting results reported in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Scott
- Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada.
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19
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Creedon A, Dimidi E, Hung E, Scott M, Probert C, Berry S, Whelan K. Almonds and Their Impact on Gastrointestinal Physiology, Luminal Microbiology and Gastrointestinal Function: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Curr Dev Nutr 2022. [PMCID: PMC9194426 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzac069.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of almonds, and almond form (whole, ground) on fecal Bifidobacteria (primary outcome) and gut microbiology, physiology, and symptoms in healthy adults. Methods Eighty-seven healthy adults with moderate fiber intake (<22g/d) were randomized to receive whole almonds (56 g/d), ground almonds (56 g/d) or a control muffin (2/d) in place of their habitual snacks for 4 weeks. Fecal Bifidobacteria, gut microbiota composition and diversity (16S rRNA sequencing), short-chain fatty acids (SCFA; gas-chromatography), volatile organic compounds (gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry), gut transit time (wireless motility capsule), and stool output and symptoms (7-day diary) were measured at baseline and at end of intervention. Differences between groups were assessed by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) or a non-parametric equivalent and corrected for multiple testing (Bonferroni (p) or Benjamini-Hochberg FDR (q)) where appropriate. Results There were no differences in relative abundance of fecal bifidobacteria following 4-weeks consumption of whole almonds (8.7%, SD 7.7), ground almonds (7.8%, SD 6.9) or control (13.0%, SD 10.2; q = 0.613). There was no effect of almonds on gut microbiota at the phylum level or on diversity. At the genus level, almonds (whole and ground pooled) increased relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Phascolarctobacterium and decreased Tyzerella (all p < 0.05), however these were no longer significant following FDR adjustment. Pre-specified analysis comparing almonds (whole and ground pooled) demonstrated higher concentrations of butyrate (24.1 μmol/g, SD 15.0) versus control (18.2, SD 9.1; p = 0.046). There was no effect of almonds on gut transit time, stool consistency or gut symptoms. Almond form as either whole (low nutrient bioaccessibility) or ground (higher nutrient bioaccessibility) did not affect any outcome. Conclusions Almonds are a high fibre snack that can be incorporated into the diet of moderate fibre consumers with no adverse gastrointestinal symptoms. Almonds do not have major impact on global microbiota composition but may exert a prebiotic effect on microbial metabolism in healthy adults. Funding Sources The Almond Board of California.
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20
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Kolvenbag G, Scott M, de Kloet A, de Kloet E. Prospective study relating genotype profiles with race performance in racing pigeons. J Appl Genet 2022; 63:563-570. [PMID: 35505002 PMCID: PMC9365715 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-022-00697-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This is a prospective study to investigate the impact of genotype profiles on race performance in racing pigeons. Genotypes studied included lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), dopamine receptor (DRD), myostatin (MSTN), and feather keratin (F-KER), as well as demographic factors such as gender, color, and the mtDNA. This study shows differences within genotypes DRD456 (P = 0.027) and F-KER (P = 0.018). For DRD456, race coefficients were lower (= better performance) for genotype CT. For F-KER, race coefficients were lower for GG, overall, while within the F-KER TT genotype race performance was best at longer distances. After including Queen L mtDNA in the model, both the effects of F-KER and DRD456 remained significant. The effect of Queen L mtDNA alone was significant (P = 0.004) and mainly driven by the effect in short distance races. In addition, birds with the checker color check had a lower race coefficient than birds with the color blue bar (P = 0.0012). Also, this effect was independently significant and remained significant in the multivariate analysis. No differences in race coefficients were seen between genotypes for LDHA and MSTN nor for the demographic factor of gender. While individual factors were related to differences in race performance, and although one could be tempted to favor a bird with DRD4 CCCT-F-KER TT-LDHA AB-checker color for long distance races, further and larger prospective studies including birds unrelated to our family of birds will be needed to confirm our findings and to determine a superior profile including multiple genetic factors.
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21
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Shaz B, Kraft B, Troy J, Poehlein E, Chen L, Cheatham L, Manyara R, Hanafy K, Brown L, Scott M, Palumbo R, Vrionis F, Kurtzberg J. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: SAFETY OF CORD TISSUE DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STROMAL CELLS IN COVID-19 RELATED ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME. Cytotherapy 2022. [PMCID: PMC9035758 DOI: 10.1016/s1465-3249(22)00181-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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Lee T, Stone J, Jain V, Avtalion N, Wickersham J, Haddock J, Scott M, Grone C, Hibbs D, Gibson KS, Feltovich H, Iriye B, Lagrew D. Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Special Statement: Best-practice recommendations for ultrasound network connectivity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022; 227:B11-B23. [PMID: 35339479 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal ultrasound is an indispensable tool used by obstetrical care providers to assist in the everyday care of their pregnant patients. Alongside advancements in imaging, the electronic systems that support this technology have become more advanced. However, it is currently difficult for these individual systems to communicate with each other "out of the box." There is also minimal standardization of the type and format of data transmitted within these systems. Clinicians and system vendors must work collaboratively to create clinical and technical standards to serve as the foundation for increased interoperability among the various systems within each institutional network. Therefore, the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Clinical Informatics Committee established an Ultrasound Electronic Health Record Subcommittee to facilitate collaboration between clinicians, including maternal-fetal medicine subspecialists, and ultrasound network component vendors. Based on the work of this subcommittee, the purpose of this document is to provide: (1) a basic understanding of ultrasound network architecture and capabilities, and (2) best-practice recommendations for electronic health record order design, obstetrical clinical data standards, and billing and coding practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lee
- Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 409 12 St. SW, Washington, DC 20024, USA.
| | - Joanne Stone
- Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 409 12 St. SW, Washington, DC 20024, USA.
| | - Vanita Jain
- Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 409 12 St. SW, Washington, DC 20024, USA.
| | - Noa Avtalion
- Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 409 12 St. SW, Washington, DC 20024, USA.
| | | | - Joey Haddock
- Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 409 12 St. SW, Washington, DC 20024, USA.
| | - Mark Scott
- Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 409 12 St. SW, Washington, DC 20024, USA.
| | - Carol Grone
- Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 409 12 St. SW, Washington, DC 20024, USA.
| | - Diane Hibbs
- Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 409 12 St. SW, Washington, DC 20024, USA.
| | - Kelly S Gibson
- Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 409 12 St. SW, Washington, DC 20024, USA.
| | - Helen Feltovich
- Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 409 12 St. SW, Washington, DC 20024, USA.
| | - Brian Iriye
- Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 409 12 St. SW, Washington, DC 20024, USA.
| | - David Lagrew
- Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 409 12 St. SW, Washington, DC 20024, USA.
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23
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Adams ST, Slade D, Shuttleworth P, West C, Scott M, Benson A, Tokala A, Walsh CJ. Reading a preoperative CT scan to guide complex abdominal wall reconstructive surgery. Hernia 2022; 27:265-272. [PMID: 34988686 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-021-02548-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) scanning is the imaging modality of choice when planning the overall management and operative approach to complex abdominal wall hernias. Despite its availability and well-recognised benefits there are no guidelines or recommendations regarding how best to read or report such scans for this application. In this paper we aim to outline an approach to interpreting preoperative CT scans in abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR). This approach breaks up the interpretive process into 4 steps-concentrating on the hernia or hernias, any complicating features of the hernia(s), the surrounding soft tissues and the abdominopelvic cavity as a whole-and was developed as a distillation of the authors' collective experience. We describe the key features that should be looked for at each of the four steps and the rationale for their inclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Adams
- Department of Plastic Surgery, St Helen's and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Prescot, Merseyside, UK. .,Department of General Surgery, Wirral University Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Arrowe Park Hospital, Arrowe Park Rd, Upton, Wirral, CH49 5PE, UK. .,Department of General Surgery, St Helen's and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Prescot, Merseyside, UK.
| | - D Slade
- Department of Surgery, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, Lancashire, UK
| | - P Shuttleworth
- Department of General Surgery, Wirral University Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Arrowe Park Hospital, Arrowe Park Rd, Upton, Wirral, CH49 5PE, UK
| | - C West
- Department of Plastic Surgery, St Helen's and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Prescot, Merseyside, UK
| | - M Scott
- Department of General Surgery, St Helen's and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Prescot, Merseyside, UK
| | - A Benson
- Department of Plastic Surgery, St Helen's and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Prescot, Merseyside, UK
| | - A Tokala
- Department of Radiology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, Lancashire, UK
| | - C J Walsh
- Department of General Surgery, Wirral University Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Arrowe Park Hospital, Arrowe Park Rd, Upton, Wirral, CH49 5PE, UK
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24
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Abe K, Bronner C, Hayato Y, Hiraide K, Ikeda M, Imaizumi S, Kameda J, Kanemura Y, Kataoka Y, Miki S, Miura M, Moriyama S, Nagao Y, Nakahata M, Nakayama S, Okada T, Okamoto K, Orii A, Pronost G, Sekiya H, Shiozawa M, Sonoda Y, Suzuki Y, Takeda A, Takemoto Y, Takenaka A, Tanaka H, Watanabe S, Yano T, Han S, Kajita T, Okumura K, Tashiro T, Xia J, Megias G, Bravo-Berguño D, Labarga L, Marti L, Zaldivar B, Pointon B, Blaszczyk F, Kearns E, Raaf J, Stone J, Wan L, Wester T, Bian J, Griskevich N, Kropp W, Locke S, Mine S, Smy M, Sobel H, Takhistov V, Hill J, Kim J, Lim I, Park R, Bodur B, Scholberg K, Walter C, Cao S, Bernard L, Coffani A, Drapier O, El Hedri S, Giampaolo A, Gonin M, Mueller T, Paganini P, Quilain B, Ishizuka T, Nakamura T, Jang J, Learned J, Anthony L, Martin D, Scott M, Sztuc A, Uchida Y, Berardi V, Catanesi M, Radicioni E, Calabria N, Machado L, De Rosa G, Collazuol G, Iacob F, Lamoureux M, Mattiazzi M, Ospina N, Ludovici L, Maekawa Y, Nishimura Y, Friend M, Hasegawa T, Ishida T, Kobayashi T, Jakkapu M, Matsubara T, Nakadaira T, Nakamura K, Oyama Y, Sakashita K, Sekiguchi T, Tsukamoto T, Kotsar Y, Nakano Y, Ozaki H, Shiozawa T, Suzuki A, Takeuchi Y, Yamamoto S, Ali A, Ashida Y, Feng J, Hirota S, Kikawa T, Mori M, Nakaya T, Wendell R, Yasutome K, Fernandez P, McCauley N, Mehta P, Tsui K, Fukuda Y, Itow Y, Menjo H, Niwa T, Sato K, Tsukada M, Lagoda J, Lakshmi S, Mijakowski P, Zalipska J, Jiang J, Jung C, Vilela C, Wilking M, Yanagisawa C, Hagiwara K, Harada M, Horai T, Ishino H, Ito S, Kitagawa H, Koshio Y, Ma W, Piplani N, Sakai S, Barr G, Barrow D, Cook L, Goldsack A, Samani S, Wark D, Nova F, Boschi T, Di Lodovico F, Gao J, Migenda J, Taani M, Zsoldos S, Yang J, Jenkins S, Malek M, McElwee J, Stone O, Thiesse M, Thompson L, Okazawa H, Kim S, Seo J, Yu I, Nishijima K, Koshiba M, Iwamoto K, Nakagiri K, Nakajima Y, Ogawa N, Yokoyama M, Martens K, Vagins M, Kuze M, Izumiyama S, Yoshida T, Inomoto M, Ishitsuka M, Ito H, Kinoshita T, Matsumoto R, Ohta K, Shinoki M, Suganuma T, Ichikawa A, Nakamura K, Martin J, Tanaka H, Towstego T, Akutsu R, Gousy-Leblanc V, Hartz M, Konaka A, de Perio P, Prouse N, Chen S, Xu B, Zhang Y, Posiadala-Zezula M, Hadley D, O’Flaherty M, Richards B, Jamieson B, Walker J, Minamino A, Okamoto K, Pintaudi G, Sano S, Sasaki R. Diffuse supernova neutrino background search at Super-Kamiokande. Int J Clin Exp Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.104.122002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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King S, Scott M, Diver C, Hendrick P. Does post-operative neuropathic pain after shoulder surgery affect secondary health care utilisation? A service evaluation. Physiotherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2021.10.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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26
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Kalaiselvan R, Scott M, Rajasundaram R, Samad A. Laparoscopic colorectal resections during the COVID-19 pandemic - business as usual? Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2021; 103:583-588. [PMID: 34464561 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2020.7059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To analyse the outcomes of major colorectal resections performed during the COVID-19 pandemic, to assess safety and explore all precautionary measures. METHOD All patients who underwent major elective colorectal resections at St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospital NHS Trust between 24th March 2020 (the date that the Royal Colleges of Surgery produced their guidelines re operating during the pandemic) and 17th April 2020 were analysed from a prospectively maintained database. The primary outcome was 7-day mortality and secondary outcomes were the development of a positive COVID-19 test consequent to hospital stay and the overall complication rate. RESULTS In this 24 day time frame 27 patients (17 males) underwent elective colorectal resections at St Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust. The median age was 69 (41-84) years and median ASA was 2 (1-3). The median Body Mass Index was 30 (21-40.7). Twenty-five patients underwent surgery for cancer and two patients had urgent resections for low-grade sepsis secondary to diverticular colovesical fistulae. 24 patients underwent laparoscopic colorectal resections and 3 patients underwent planned open surgery. 7-day mortality was 0%, and no patients/staff contracted COVID-19 during the post-operative period. The overall complication rate was 14.8%. At a median follow-up of 29 (17-44) days via telephone, there have been no reported COVID-19 related symptoms in any of these patients. CONCLUSION Our experience demonstrated that it was possible to undertake laparoscopic colorectal resections despite the COVID-19 pandemic posing a major threat to humanity, providing that adequate and stringent precautions are undertaken.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Scott
- St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust, Prescot, UK
| | | | - A Samad
- St. Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust, Prescot, UK
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27
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Kolvenbag G, Scott M. Cover Image. Vet Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/vms3.635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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28
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Bellmunt J, Powles T, van der Heijden M, Galsky M, He P, Wang Z, Xiao F, Jones F, Scott M, Walker J, Angra N, Gupta A, Drakaki A, Kimura G, Mizokami A, Wildsmith S. 708P PD-L1 as a predictor of survival in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) from the phase III DANUBE trial of durvalumab (D) or durvalumab plus tremelimumab (D+T) versus standard of care chemotherapy (SoC). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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29
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Cheng J, Mackie A, Chang AB, Grimwood K, Scott M, King A, Goyal V, Marchant JM, O'Grady KAF. Medication and healthcare use, parent knowledge and cough in children: A cohort study. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021; 56:2345-2354. [PMID: 33902157 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cough is an important contributor to the health burden of children and their families. There are limited data describing healthcare utilization and medication use over the course of a cough illness beyond the initial presentation. Our primary objective was to describe medication and healthcare use in children with a respiratory illness with cough as a symptom over the course of the illness. METHODS A cohort study of children aged less than 15-years presenting to three primary healthcare centers and three emergency departments with a cough illness between July 7, 2015 and October 6, 2018. Children with immunosuppression, known chronic lung diseases (except asthma) and those requiring hospitalization at screening were excluded. The primary outcomes were cough-related frequency and type of healthcare seeking and medication use up to 28 days following enrolment. RESULTS Data for 465 children were analyzed; median age 2.2-years (interquartile range = 1.1-5.3). Cough at Day 28 persisted in 117 children (25.2%). Overall, 436 (94%) children received medications in the week before and/or 4 weeks following enrolment. Half with upper respiratory tract infections were prescribed antibiotics. Among children with no diagnosis of asthma, reactive airways disease or croup (n = 404), 16.8% were given steroids. Fifty-eight percent of children sought healthcare at least once before their baseline presentation (median = 1, range = 0-20) and 49.7% had at least one further presentation in the following 28 days. CONCLUSIONS High healthcare utilization, inappropriate medication use, and suboptimal parent knowledge regarding cough suggests targeted education is needed to improve management and reduce cough burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Cheng
- Somerville House, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amelia Mackie
- Somerville House, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anne B Chang
- Australian Health Services Institute, Center for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Child Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Tiwi, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Keith Grimwood
- School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Infectious Disease and Paediatrics, Gold Coast Health, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark Scott
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Caboolture Hospital, Caboolture, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alex King
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Toowoomba Hospital, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vikas Goyal
- Australian Health Services Institute, Center for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Julie M Marchant
- Australian Health Services Institute, Center for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kerry-Ann F O'Grady
- Australian Health Services Institute, Center for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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30
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Scott M, Żychaluk K, Bearon RN. A mathematical framework for modelling 3D cell motility: applications to glioblastoma cell migration. Math Med Biol 2021; 38:333-354. [PMID: 34189581 DOI: 10.1093/imammb/dqab009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The collection of 3D cell tracking data from live images of micro-tissues is a recent innovation made possible due to advances in imaging techniques. As such there is increased interest in studying cell motility in 3D in vitro model systems but a lack of rigorous methodology for analysing the resulting data sets. One such instance of the use of these in vitro models is in the study of cancerous tumours. Growing multicellular tumour spheroids in vitro allows for modelling of the tumour microenvironment and the study of tumour cell behaviours, such as migration, which improves understanding of these cells and in turn could potentially improve cancer treatments. In this paper, we present a workflow for the rigorous analysis of 3D cell tracking data, based on the persistent random walk model, but adaptable to other biologically informed mathematical models. We use statistical measures to assess the fit of the model to the motility data and to estimate model parameters and provide confidence intervals for those parameters, to allow for parametrization of the model taking correlation in the data into account. We use in silico simulations to validate the workflow in 3D before testing our method on cell tracking data taken from in vitro experiments on glioblastoma tumour cells, a brain cancer with a very poor prognosis. The presented approach is intended to be accessible to both modellers and experimentalists alike in that it provides tools for uncovering features of the data set that may suggest amendments to future experiments or modelling attempts.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Scott
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZL, UK
| | - K Żychaluk
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZL, UK
| | - R N Bearon
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZL, UK
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31
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Scott M, Bertenshaw C. Frequent attendees to the emergency department: Perspectives for trainee preparedness. Emerg Med Australas 2021; 33:564-566. [PMID: 33876541 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.13785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Scott
- Emergency Department, Caboolture Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Claire Bertenshaw
- High Acuity Response Unit, Queensland Ambulance Service, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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32
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Okuda KS, Keyser MS, Gurevich DB, Sturtzel C, Mason EA, Paterson S, Chen H, Scott M, Condon ND, Martin P, Distel M, Hogan BM. Live-imaging of endothelial Erk activity reveals dynamic and sequential signalling events during regenerative angiogenesis. eLife 2021; 10:62196. [PMID: 34003110 PMCID: PMC8175085 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of new blood vessel networks occurs via angiogenesis during development, tissue repair, and disease. Angiogenesis is regulated by intracellular endothelial signalling pathways, induced downstream of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and their receptors (VEGFRs). A major challenge in understanding angiogenesis is interpreting how signalling events occur dynamically within endothelial cell populations during sprouting, proliferation, and migration. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) is a central downstream effector of Vegf-signalling and reports the signalling that drives angiogenesis. We generated a vascular Erk biosensor transgenic line in zebrafish using a kinase translocation reporter that allows live-imaging of Erk-signalling dynamics. We demonstrate the utility of this line to live-image Erk activity during physiologically relevant angiogenic events. Further, we reveal dynamic and sequential endothelial cell Erk-signalling events following blood vessel wounding. Initial signalling is dependent upon Ca2+ in the earliest responding endothelial cells, but is independent of Vegfr-signalling and local inflammation. The sustained regenerative response, however, involves a Vegfr-dependent mechanism that initiates concomitantly with the wound inflammatory response. This work reveals a highly dynamic sequence of signalling events in regenerative angiogenesis and validates a new resource for the study of vascular Erk-signalling in real-time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhide S Okuda
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Mikaela S Keyser
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, St Lucia, Australia
| | - David B Gurevich
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Caterina Sturtzel
- Innovative Cancer Models, St Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria.,Zebrafish Platform Austria for preclinical drug screening (ZANDR), Vienna, Austria
| | - Elizabeth A Mason
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Scott Paterson
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Huijun Chen
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Mark Scott
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Nicholas D Condon
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Paul Martin
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Distel
- Innovative Cancer Models, St Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria.,Zebrafish Platform Austria for preclinical drug screening (ZANDR), Vienna, Austria
| | - Benjamin M Hogan
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, St Lucia, Australia
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33
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Kolvenbag G, Scott M. The myth of mitochondrial DNA and race performance in racing pigeons. Vet Med Sci 2021; 7:2039-2042. [PMID: 33955192 PMCID: PMC8464284 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This is the first prospective study to investigate the impact of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) on race performance in a closely bred family of racing pigeons in one breeding loft where there is a high percentage of male and female birds related to one foundation hen, Queen L by Jelle Roziers. This study shows that in this family of birds, which are all related to Queen L, there is no advantage of having mtDNA with regard to race performance on the longer distances. The results of this study reject the hypothesis that mtDNA genes are related to long‐distance performance. Actually, this analysis indicates that those birds in this family with no mtDNA from Queen L may have better race performance on the shorter distances than those with mtDNA. This suggests that there are other genetic factors which may be related to race performance in this family of racing pigeons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark Scott
- 54 Sandy Hook Road S., Sarasota, FL, 34242, USA
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34
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Abstract
Forward models are a component of the motor system that predicts the sensory consequences of our actions. These models play several key roles in motor control and are hypothesized to underlie (among other things) the two phenomena under investigation in this experiment: The feeling of agency that we have over self-initiated actions (as opposed to reflexes), and "temporal binding", in which self-caused sensations are judged to have occurred earlier in time than they actually did. This experiment probes the connection between forward models and both of these phenomena using the "Startle" paradigm. In the Startle paradigm, a startlingly loud sound causes people to initiate a prepared action at a very short latency. It is hypothesized that the latency of a startle-initiated action is so short that normal cortical operations (including forward models) are circumvented. This experiment replicates the temporal-binding effect and simultaneously measures participants' sense of agency over their actions. The results show that both the temporal-binding effect and the sense of agency we have over our own actions is disrupted under the startle paradigm in line with the theory that these phenomena both rely on forward models. Furthermore, this experiment provides evidence in support of the claim that a startle-induced action is qualitatively different from other actions.
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Abstract
Many researchers have proposed that sensorimotor information about the dynamic production of speech gestures can supplement the auditory perception of speech. Here we show that information about postural, nonspeech control of the vocal tract-such as breathing through the nose or mouth-also affects speech perception. Experimental participants breathed either through the nose or the mouth while identifying categories of speech sounds differing in nasal versus oral airflow. Participants showed an increased tendency to hear speech sounds as having nasal articulation when breathing through the nose, relative to when breathing through the mouth. These results suggest that postural information about the state of the vocal tract, like the motor configuration of the speech articulators while breathing, can modulate the perceptual processing of speech sounds. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark Scott
- Department of English Literature and Linguistics
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36
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Serra J, Pohl D, Azpiroz F, Chiarioni G, Ducrotté P, Gourcerol G, Hungin APS, Layer P, Mendive JM, Pfeifer J, Rogler G, Scott M, Simrén M, Whorwell P. Responses to the Letter to the Editor by Brusciano et al. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2020; 32:e13981. [PMID: 32856764 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Serra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain.,Motility and Functional Gut Disorders Unit, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Pohl
- Division of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fernando Azpiroz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain.,Digestive System Research Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Chiarioni
- Division of Gastroenterology B, AOUI Verona, Verona, Italy.,UNC Center for Functional GI and Motility Disorders, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Philippe Ducrotté
- Department of Gastroenterology, UMR INSERM 1073, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Guillaume Gourcerol
- Department of Physiology, UMR INSERM 1073 & CIC INSERM 1404, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Amrit Pali S Hungin
- General Practice, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Peter Layer
- Department of Medicine, Israelitic Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Juan-Manuel Mendive
- La Mina Primary Health Care Centre, Barcelona, Spain.,Catalan Institut of Health (ICS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Johann Pfeifer
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Rogler
- Division of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mark Scott
- Neurogastroenterology Group, Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University London, London, UK
| | - Magnus Simrén
- Department of Internal Medicine & Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Whorwell
- Neurogastroenterology Unit, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Gastroenterology, Wythenshawe Hospital, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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37
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Scott M, Parkinson A, Waldron R, Redmond D. Planning for historic urban environments under austerity conditions: Insights from post-crash Ireland. Cities 2020; 103:102788. [PMID: 32501357 PMCID: PMC7258851 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2020.102788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we examine how conservation-planning and local regeneration in historic urban cores have been re-shaped under austerity conditions and how local planners and local government more generally have negotiated or navigated this emerging austerity terrain. We seek to contribute to wider debates on 'austerity urbanism', by examining the impacts of austerity on local planning and how planning officials have attempted to moderate austerity largely imposed by central government (entrenched roll-back neoliberalism) but often through the further roll-out of neoliberalism in local growth strategies. Drawing on the experience of three Irish urban centres, we examine efforts to 'sell' the historic city. Both nationally and within the three case study areas, a common overarching theme was evident in the initial post-crisis response to urban development: an emphasis on utilising heritage as a potential economic regeneration pathway. However, while drawing on intangible heritage and heritage narratives for place-branding, the actual protection of tangible built heritage assets was undermined through a greater emphasis on 'flexible' planning responses to managing heritage, which seek to minimise barriers to development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Scott
- School of Architecture, Planning & Environmental Policy, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Arthur Parkinson
- School of Architecture, Planning & Environmental Policy, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Richard Waldron
- School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Declan Redmond
- School of Architecture, Planning & Environmental Policy, University College Dublin, Ireland
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Camara R, Ogbeni D, Gerstmann L, Ostovar M, Hurer E, Scott M, Mahmoud NG, Radon T, Crnogorac-Jurcevic T, Patel P, Mackenzie LS, Chau DYS, Kirton SB, Rossiter S. Discovery of novel small molecule inhibitors of S100P with in vitro anti-metastatic effects on pancreatic cancer cells. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 203:112621. [PMID: 32707527 PMCID: PMC7501730 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
S100P, a calcium-binding protein, is known to advance tumor progression and metastasis in pancreatic and several other cancers. Herein is described the in silico identification of a putative binding pocket of S100P to identify, synthesize and evaluate novel small molecules with the potential to selectively bind S100P and inhibit its activation of cell survival and metastatic pathways. The virtual screening of a drug-like database against the S100P model led to the identification of over 100 clusters of diverse scaffolds. A representative test set identified a number of structurally unrelated hits that inhibit S100P-RAGE interaction, measured by ELISA, and reduce in vitro cell invasion selectively in S100P-expressing pancreatic cancer cells at 10 μM. This study establishes a proof of concept in the potential for rational design of small molecule S100P inhibitors for drug candidate development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramatoulie Camara
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Deborah Ogbeni
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Lisa Gerstmann
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Mehrnoosh Ostovar
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Ellie Hurer
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Mark Scott
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Nasir G Mahmoud
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Tomasz Radon
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | | | - Pryank Patel
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Louise S Mackenzie
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK; School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - David Y S Chau
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK; Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, 256 Grays Inn Rd, London, WC1X 8LD, UK
| | - Stewart B Kirton
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Sharon Rossiter
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK.
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Bakon S, Taylor A, Meyer S, Scott M. The provision of emergency healthcare for women who experience intimate partner violence: part 2. Strategies to address knowledge deficits and negative attitudes. Emerg Nurse 2020; 28:18-23. [PMID: 32452172 DOI: 10.7748/en.2020.e1994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The first article in this two-part series evaluated healthcare professionals' approaches to the care of women who present to the emergency department (ED) with injuries related to intimate partner violence (IPV). It identified barriers to appropriate care provision, which included a lack of knowledge on the part of healthcare professionals and negative professional attitudes. This second article details the findings of a literature review of three databases that aimed to evaluate strategies to address the lack of knowledge of healthcare professionals and negative attitudes concerning IPV. A total of 11 articles were included in the review. Two main strategies to address ED healthcare professionals' knowledge deficits and negative attitudes about IPV were identified. These were developed into the themes of IPV/domestic violence specialists, and education and training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Bakon
- Central Queensland University, Caboolture, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Silke Meyer
- Monash University, School of Social Sciences, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Scott
- Queensland Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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McLean KA, Ahmed WUR, Akhbari M, Claireaux HA, English C, Frost J, Henshall DE, Khan M, Kwek I, Nicola M, Rehman S, Varghese S, Drake TM, Bell S, Nepogodiev D, McLean KA, Drake TM, Glasbey JC, Borakati A, Drake TM, Kamarajah S, McLean KA, Bath MF, Claireaux HA, Gundogan B, Mohan M, Deekonda P, Kong C, Joyce H, Mcnamee L, Woin E, Burke J, Khatri C, Fitzgerald JE, Harrison EM, Bhangu A, Nepogodiev D, Arulkumaran N, Bell S, Duthie F, Hughes J, Pinkney TD, Prowle J, Richards T, Thomas M, Dynes K, Patel M, Patel P, Wigley C, Suresh R, Shaw A, Klimach S, Jull P, Evans D, Preece R, Ibrahim I, Manikavasagar V, Smith R, Brown FS, Deekonda P, Teo R, Sim DPY, Borakati A, Logan AE, Barai I, Amin H, Suresh S, Sethi R, Bolton W, Corbridge O, Horne L, Attalla M, Morley R, Robinson C, Hoskins T, McAllister R, Lee S, Dennis Y, Nixon G, Heywood E, Wilson H, Ng L, Samaraweera S, Mills A, Doherty C, Woin E, Belchos J, Phan V, Chouari T, Gardner T, Goergen N, Hayes JDB, MacLeod CS, McCormack R, McKinley A, McKinstry S, Milligan W, Ooi L, Rafiq NM, Sammut T, Sinclair E, Smith M, Baker C, Boulton APR, Collins J, Copley HC, Fearnhead N, Fox H, Mah T, McKenna J, Naruka V, Nigam N, Nourallah B, Perera S, Qureshi A, Saggar S, Sun L, Wang X, Yang DD, Caroll P, Doyle C, Elangovan S, Falamarzi A, Perai KG, Greenan E, Jain D, Lang-Orsini M, Lim S, O'Byrne L, Ridgway P, Van der Laan S, Wong J, Arthur J, Barclay J, Bradley P, Edwin C, Finch E, Hayashi E, Hopkins M, Kelly D, Kelly M, McCartan N, Ormrod A, Pakenham A, Hayward J, Hitchen C, Kishore A, Martins T, Philomen J, Rao R, Rickards C, Burns N, Copeland M, Durand C, Dyal A, Ghaffar A, Gidwani A, Grant M, Gribbon C, Gruhn A, Leer M, Ahmad K, Beattie G, Beatty M, Campbell G, Donaldson G, Graham S, Holmes D, Kanabar S, Liu H, McCann C, Stewart R, Vara S, Ajibola-Taylor O, Andah EJE, Ani C, Cabdi NMO, Ito G, Jones M, Komoriyama A, Patel P, Titu L, Basra M, Gallogly P, Harinath G, Leong SH, Pradhan A, Siddiqui I, Zaat S, Ali A, Galea M, Looi WL, Ng JCK, Atkin G, Azizi A, Cargill Z, China Z, Elliot J, Jebakumar R, Lam J, Mudalige G, Onyerindu C, Renju M, Babu VS, Hussain M, Joji N, Lovett B, Mownah H, Ali B, Cresswell B, Dhillon AK, Dupaguntla YS, Hungwe C, Lowe-Zinola JD, Tsang JCH, Bevan K, Cardus C, Duggal A, Hossain S, McHugh M, Scott M, Chan F, Evans R, Gurung E, Haughey B, Jacob-Ramsdale B, Kerr M, Lee J, McCann E, O'Boyle K, Reid N, Hayat F, Hodgson S, Johnston R, Jones W, Khan M, Linn T, Long S, Seetharam P, Shaman S, Smart B, Anilkumar A, Davies J, Griffith J, Hughes B, Islam Y, Kidanu D, Mushaini N, Qamar I, Robinson H, Schramm M, Tan CY, Apperley H, Billyard C, Blazeby JM, Cannon SP, Carse S, Göpfert A, Loizidou A, Parkin J, Sanders E, Sharma S, Slade G, Telfer R, Huppatz IW, Worley E, Chandramoorthy L, Friend C, Harris L, Jain P, Karim MJ, Killington K, McGillicuddy J, Rafferty C, Rahunathan N, Rayne T, Varathan Y, Verma N, Zanichelli D, Arneill M, Brown F, Campbell B, Crozier L, Henry J, McCusker C, Prabakaran P, Wilson R, Asif U, Connor M, Dindyal S, Math N, Pagarkar A, Saleem H, Seth I, Sharma S, Standfield N, Swartbol T, Adamson R, Choi JE, El Tokhy O, Ho W, Javaid NR, Kelly M, Mehdi AS, Menon D, Plumptre I, Sturrock S, Turner J, Warren O, Crane E, Ferris B, Gadsby C, Smallwood J, Vipond M, Wilson V, Amarnath T, Doshi A, Gregory C, Kandiah K, Powell B, Spoor H, Toh C, Vizor R, Common M, Dunleavy K, Harris S, Luo C, Mesbah Z, Kumar AP, Redmond A, Skulsky S, Walsh T, Daly D, Deery L, Epanomeritakis E, Harty M, Kane D, Khan K, Mackey R, McConville J, McGinnity K, Nixon G, Ang A, Kee JY, Leung E, Norman S, Palaniappan SV, Sarathy PP, Yeoh T, Frost J, Hazeldine P, Jones L, Karbowiak M, Macdonald C, Mutarambirwa A, Omotade A, Runkel M, Ryan G, Sawers N, Searle C, Suresh S, Vig S, Ahmad A, McGartland R, Sim R, Song A, Wayman J, Brown R, Chang LH, Concannon K, Crilly C, Arnold TJ, Burgin A, Cadden F, Choy CH, Coleman M, Lim D, Luk J, Mahankali-Rao P, Prudence-Taylor AJ, Ramakrishnan D, Russell J, 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M, Popat K, Rimmer L, Riyat H, Smith H, Anandarajah C, Cipparrone M, Desai K, Gao C, Goh ET, Howlader M, Jeffreys N, Karmarkar A, Mathew G, Mukhtar H, Ozcan E, Renukanthan A, Sarens N, Sinha C, Woolley A, Bogle R, Komolafe O, Loo F, Waugh D, Zeng R, Crewe A, Mathias J, Mills A, Owen A, Prior A, Saunders I, Baker A, Crilly L, McKeon J, Ubhi HK, Adeogun A, Carr R, Davison C, Devalia S, Hayat A, Karsan RB, Osborne C, Scott K, Weegenaar C, Wijeyaratne M, Babatunde F, Barnor-Ahiaku E, Beattie G, Chitsabesan P, Dixon O, Hall N, Ilenkovan N, Mackrell T, Nithianandasivam N, Orr J, Palazzo F, Saad M, Sandland-Taylor L, Sherlock J, Ashdown T, Chandler S, Garsaa T, Lloyd J, Loh SY, Ng S, Perkins C, Powell-Chandler A, Smith F, Underhill R. Perioperative intravenous contrast administration and the incidence of acute kidney injury after major gastrointestinal surgery: prospective, multicentre cohort study. Br J Surg 2020; 107:1023-1032. [PMID: 32026470 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine the impact of preoperative exposure to intravenous contrast for CT and the risk of developing postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. METHODS This prospective, multicentre cohort study included adults undergoing gastrointestinal resection, stoma reversal or liver resection. Both elective and emergency procedures were included. Preoperative exposure to intravenous contrast was defined as exposure to contrast administered for the purposes of CT up to 7 days before surgery. The primary endpoint was the rate of AKI within 7 days. Propensity score-matched models were adjusted for patient, disease and operative variables. In a sensitivity analysis, a propensity score-matched model explored the association between preoperative exposure to contrast and AKI in the first 48 h after surgery. RESULTS A total of 5378 patients were included across 173 centres. Overall, 1249 patients (23·2 per cent) received intravenous contrast. The overall rate of AKI within 7 days of surgery was 13·4 per cent (718 of 5378). In the propensity score-matched model, preoperative exposure to contrast was not associated with AKI within 7 days (odds ratio (OR) 0·95, 95 per cent c.i. 0·73 to 1·21; P = 0·669). The sensitivity analysis showed no association between preoperative contrast administration and AKI within 48 h after operation (OR 1·09, 0·84 to 1·41; P = 0·498). CONCLUSION There was no association between preoperative intravenous contrast administered for CT up to 7 days before surgery and postoperative AKI. Risk of contrast-induced nephropathy should not be used as a reason to avoid contrast-enhanced CT.
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Abe K, Akutsu R, Ali A, Alt C, Andreopoulos C, Anthony L, Antonova M, Aoki S, Ariga A, Asada Y, Ashida Y, Atkin ET, Awataguchi Y, Ban S, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Barrow D, Barry C, Batkiewicz-Kwasniak M, Beloshapkin A, Bench F, Berardi V, Berkman S, Berns L, Bhadra S, Bienstock S, Blondel A, Bolognesi S, Bourguille B, Boyd SB, Brailsford D, Bravar A, Bravo Berguño D, Bronner C, Bubak A, Buizza Avanzini M, Calcutt J, Campbell T, Cao S, Cartwright SL, Catanesi MG, Cervera A, Chappell A, Checchia C, Cherdack D, Chikuma N, Christodoulou G, Coleman J, Collazuol G, Cook L, Coplowe D, Cudd A, Dabrowska A, De Rosa G, Dealtry T, Denner PF, Dennis SR, Densham C, Di Lodovico F, Dokania N, Dolan S, Doyle TA, Drapier O, Dumarchez J, Dunne P, Eklund L, Emery-Schrenk S, Ereditato A, Fernandez P, Feusels T, Finch AJ, Fiorentini GA, Fiorillo G, Francois C, Friend M, Fujii Y, Fujita R, Fukuda D, Fukuda R, Fukuda Y, Fusshoeller K, Gameil K, Giganti C, Golan T, Gonin M, Gorin A, Guigue M, Hadley DR, Haigh JT, Hamacher-Baumann P, Hartz M, Hasegawa T, Hastings NC, Hayashino T, Hayato Y, Hiramoto A, Hogan M, Holeczek J, Hong Van NT, Iacob F, Ichikawa AK, Ikeda M, Ishida T, Ishii T, Ishitsuka M, Iwamoto K, Izmaylov A, Jakkapu M, Jamieson B, Jenkins SJ, Jesús-Valls C, Jiang M, Johnson S, Jonsson P, Jung CK, Kabirnezhad M, Kaboth AC, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Karlen D, Kasetti SP, Kataoka Y, Katori T, Kato Y, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khotjantsev A, Kikawa T, Kim H, Kim J, King S, Kisiel J, Knight A, Knox A, Kobayashi T, Koch L, Koga T, Konaka A, Kormos LL, Koshio Y, Kostin A, Kowalik K, Kubo H, Kudenko Y, Kukita N, Kuribayashi S, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Kuze M, Labarga L, Lagoda J, Lamoureux M, Laveder M, Lawe M, Licciardi M, Lindner T, Litchfield RP, Liu SL, Li X, Longhin A, Ludovici L, Lu X, Lux T, Machado LN, Magaletti L, Mahn K, Malek M, Manly S, Maret L, Marino AD, Marti-Magro L, Martin JF, Maruyama T, Matsubara T, Matsushita K, Matveev V, Mavrokoridis K, Mazzucato E, McCarthy M, McCauley N, McFarland KS, McGrew C, Mefodiev A, Metelko C, Mezzetto M, Minamino A, Mineev O, Mine S, Miura M, Molina Bueno L, Moriyama S, Morrison J, Mueller TA, Munteanu L, Murphy S, Nagai Y, Nakadaira T, Nakahata M, Nakajima Y, Nakamura A, Nakamura KG, Nakamura K, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Nakayoshi K, Nantais C, Ngoc TV, Niewczas K, Nishikawa K, Nishimura Y, Nonnenmacher TS, Nova F, Novella P, Nowak J, Nugent JC, O'Keeffe HM, O'Sullivan L, Odagawa T, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Oser SM, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Palladino V, Palomino JL, Paolone V, Parker WC, Pasternak J, Paudyal P, Pavin M, Payne D, Penn GC, Pickering L, Pidcott C, Pintaudi G, Pinzon Guerra ES, Pistillo C, Popov B, Porwit K, Posiadala-Zezula M, Pritchard A, Quilain B, Radermacher T, Radicioni E, Radics B, Ratoff PN, Reinherz-Aronis E, Riccio C, Rondio E, Roth S, Rubbia A, Ruggeri AC, Ruggles CA, Rychter A, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Schloesser CM, Scholberg K, Schwehr J, Scott M, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Sgalaberna D, Shah R, Shaikhiev A, Shaker F, Shaykina A, Shiozawa M, Shorrock W, Shvartsman A, Smirnov A, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sobel H, Soler FJP, Sonoda Y, Steinmann J, Suvorov S, Suzuki A, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Sztuc AA, Tada M, Tajima M, Takeda A, Takeuchi Y, Tanaka HK, Tanaka HA, Tanaka S, Thompson LF, Toki W, Touramanis C, Towstego T, Tsui KM, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Uno W, Vagins M, Valder S, Vallari Z, Vargas D, Vasseur G, Vilela C, Vinning WGS, Vladisavljevic T, Volkov VV, Wachala T, Walker J, Walsh JG, Wang Y, Wark D, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, Wilking MJ, Wilkinson C, Wilson JR, Wilson RJ, Wood K, Wret C, Yamada Y, Yamamoto K, Yanagisawa C, Yang G, Yano T, Yasutome K, Yen S, Yershov N, Yokoyama M, Yoshida T, Yu M, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zaremba K, Zarnecki G, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Zsoldos S, Zykova A. Search for Electron Antineutrino Appearance in a Long-Baseline Muon Antineutrino Beam. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:161802. [PMID: 32383902 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.161802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electron antineutrino appearance is measured by the T2K experiment in an accelerator-produced antineutrino beam, using additional neutrino beam operation to constrain parameters of the Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata (PMNS) mixing matrix. T2K observes 15 candidate electron antineutrino events with a background expectation of 9.3 events. Including information from the kinematic distribution of observed events, the hypothesis of no electron antineutrino appearance is disfavored with a significance of 2.40σ and no discrepancy between data and PMNS predictions is found. A complementary analysis that introduces an additional free parameter which allows non-PMNS values of electron neutrino and antineutrino appearance also finds no discrepancy between data and PMNS predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Abe
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - R Akutsu
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - A Ali
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - C Alt
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C Andreopoulos
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - L Anthony
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Antonova
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - S Aoki
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - A Ariga
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - Y Asada
- Yokohama National University, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Y Ashida
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - E T Atkin
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Awataguchi
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Ban
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Barbi
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - G J Barker
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - G Barr
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - D Barrow
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C Barry
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - A Beloshapkin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - F Bench
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - V Berardi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - S Berkman
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - L Berns
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Bhadra
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Bienstock
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - A Blondel
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | | | - B Bourguille
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
| | - S B Boyd
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - D Brailsford
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - A Bravar
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D Bravo Berguño
- University Autonoma Madrid, Department of Theoretical Physics, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Bronner
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - A Bubak
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | - M Buizza Avanzini
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - J Calcutt
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - T Campbell
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - S Cao
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - S L Cartwright
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - M G Catanesi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - A Cervera
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - A Chappell
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - C Checchia
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - D Cherdack
- University of Houston, Department of Physics, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - N Chikuma
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - G Christodoulou
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Genève 23, Switzerland
| | - J Coleman
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - G Collazuol
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - L Cook
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - D Coplowe
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A Cudd
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - A Dabrowska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - G De Rosa
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - T Dealtry
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - P F Denner
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - S R Dennis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - C Densham
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- King's College London, Department of Physics, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - N Dokania
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Dolan
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Genève 23, Switzerland
| | - T A Doyle
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - O Drapier
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - J Dumarchez
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - P Dunne
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - L Eklund
- University of Glasgow, School of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - A Ereditato
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Fernandez
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - T Feusels
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A J Finch
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - G A Fiorentini
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - G Fiorillo
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - C Francois
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Friend
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Fujii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - R Fujita
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - D Fukuda
- Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan
| | - R Fukuda
- Tokyo University of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Y Fukuda
- Miyagi University of Education, Department of Physics, Sendai, Japan
| | - K Fusshoeller
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - K Gameil
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - C Giganti
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - T Golan
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - M Gonin
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - A Gorin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Guigue
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - D R Hadley
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - J T Haigh
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | | | - M Hartz
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Hasegawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - N C Hastings
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Hayashino
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Hayato
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - A Hiramoto
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Hogan
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - J Holeczek
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | - N T Hong Van
- Institute For Interdisciplinary Research in Science and Education (IFIRSE), ICISE, Quy Nhon, Vietnam
- International Centre of Physics, Institute of Physics (IOP), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 10 Dao Tan, Ba Dinh, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - F Iacob
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - A K Ichikawa
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Ikeda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Ishida
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Ishii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Ishitsuka
- Tokyo University of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Iwamoto
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Izmaylov
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Jakkapu
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - B Jamieson
- University of Winnipeg, Department of Physics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - S J Jenkins
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - C Jesús-Valls
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
| | - M Jiang
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Johnson
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - P Jonsson
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - C K Jung
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Kabirnezhad
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A C Kaboth
- Royal Holloway University of London, Department of Physics, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - T Kajita
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - H Kakuno
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Kameda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D Karlen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- University of Victoria, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S P Kasetti
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Y Kataoka
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Katori
- King's College London, Department of Physics, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Y Kato
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - E Kearns
- Boston University, Department of Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Khabibullin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Khotjantsev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - T Kikawa
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H Kim
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - J Kim
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S King
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Kisiel
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | - A Knight
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A Knox
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - T Kobayashi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - L Koch
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - T Koga
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Konaka
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - L L Kormos
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Y Koshio
- Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan
| | - A Kostin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Kowalik
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - H Kubo
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Kudenko
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - N Kukita
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Kuribayashi
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - R Kurjata
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Kutter
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - M Kuze
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - L Labarga
- University Autonoma Madrid, Department of Theoretical Physics, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Lagoda
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Lamoureux
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - M Laveder
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - M Lawe
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Licciardi
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - T Lindner
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R P Litchfield
- University of Glasgow, School of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - S L Liu
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - X Li
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Longhin
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - L Ludovici
- INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - X Lu
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - T Lux
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
| | - L N Machado
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - L Magaletti
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - K Mahn
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - M Malek
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - S Manly
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - L Maret
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A D Marino
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - L Marti-Magro
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J F Martin
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - T Maruyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Matsubara
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Matsushita
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - V Matveev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Mavrokoridis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - M McCarthy
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - N McCauley
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K S McFarland
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - C McGrew
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Mefodiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - C Metelko
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Mezzetto
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - A Minamino
- Yokohama National University, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama, Japan
| | - O Mineev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Mine
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
| | - M Miura
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - L Molina Bueno
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Moriyama
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Morrison
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Th A Mueller
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - L Munteanu
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Murphy
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Y Nagai
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - T Nakadaira
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Nakahata
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Nakajima
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - A Nakamura
- Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan
| | - K G Nakamura
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Nakayama
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Nakaya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakayoshi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - C Nantais
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - T V Ngoc
- Institute For Interdisciplinary Research in Science and Education (IFIRSE), ICISE, Quy Nhon, Vietnam
| | - K Niewczas
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - K Nishikawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Nishimura
- Keio University, Department of Physics, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - T S Nonnenmacher
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - F Nova
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - P Novella
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - J Nowak
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - J C Nugent
- University of Glasgow, School of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - H M O'Keeffe
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - L O'Sullivan
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - T Odagawa
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Okumura
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T Okusawa
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - S M Oser
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R A Owen
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Oyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - V Palladino
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - J L Palomino
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - V Paolone
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - W C Parker
- Royal Holloway University of London, Department of Physics, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - J Pasternak
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Paudyal
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Pavin
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - D Payne
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - G C Penn
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - L Pickering
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - C Pidcott
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - G Pintaudi
- Yokohama National University, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama, Japan
| | - E S Pinzon Guerra
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Pistillo
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Popov
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - K Porwit
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - A Pritchard
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - B Quilain
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Radermacher
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - E Radicioni
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - B Radics
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P N Ratoff
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - E Reinherz-Aronis
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - C Riccio
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - E Rondio
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Roth
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - A Rubbia
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A C Ruggeri
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - C A Ruggles
- University of Glasgow, School of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - A Rychter
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Sakashita
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - F Sánchez
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C M Schloesser
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - K Scholberg
- Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - J Schwehr
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - M Scott
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Seiya
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Sekiguchi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - H Sekiya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D Sgalaberna
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Genève 23, Switzerland
| | - R Shah
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - A Shaikhiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - F Shaker
- University of Winnipeg, Department of Physics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - A Shaykina
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Shiozawa
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - W Shorrock
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Shvartsman
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Smirnov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Smy
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
| | - J T Sobczyk
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - H Sobel
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - F J P Soler
- University of Glasgow, School of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Y Sonoda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Steinmann
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - S Suvorov
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - S Y Suzuki
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Suzuki
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - A A Sztuc
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Tada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Tajima
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Takeda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Takeuchi
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - H K Tanaka
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - H A Tanaka
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California, USA
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Tanaka
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - L F Thompson
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - W Toki
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - C Touramanis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - T Towstego
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - K M Tsui
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - T Tsukamoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Tzanov
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Y Uchida
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - W Uno
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Vagins
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Valder
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Z Vallari
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - D Vargas
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
| | - G Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Vilela
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - W G S Vinning
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - T Vladisavljevic
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - V V Volkov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - T Wachala
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - J Walker
- University of Winnipeg, Department of Physics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - J G Walsh
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Y Wang
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - D Wark
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - M O Wascko
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Weber
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - R Wendell
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M J Wilking
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - C Wilkinson
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - J R Wilson
- King's College London, Department of Physics, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - R J Wilson
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - K Wood
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - C Wret
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Y Yamada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - C Yanagisawa
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - G Yang
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - T Yano
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - K Yasutome
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Yen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - N Yershov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Yokoyama
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Yoshida
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Yu
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Zalewska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - J Zalipska
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Zaremba
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - G Zarnecki
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Ziembicki
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E D Zimmerman
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Zito
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - S Zsoldos
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Zykova
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Abe K, Akutsu R, Ali A, Alt C, Andreopoulos C, Anthony L, Antonova M, Aoki S, Ariga A, Arihara T, Asada Y, Ashida Y, Atkin ET, Awataguchi Y, Ban S, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Barrow D, Barry C, Batkiewicz-Kwasniak M, Beloshapkin A, Bench F, Berardi V, Berkman S, Berns L, Bhadra S, Bienstock S, Blondel A, Bolognesi S, Bourguille B, Boyd SB, Brailsford D, Bravar A, Berguño DB, Bronner C, Bubak A, Avanzini MB, Calcutt J, Campbell T, Cao S, Cartwright SL, Catanesi MG, Cervera A, Chappell A, Checchia C, Cherdack D, Chikuma N, Cicerchia M, Christodoulou G, Coleman J, Collazuol G, Cook L, Coplowe D, Cudd A, Dabrowska A, De Rosa G, Dealtry T, Denner PF, Dennis SR, Densham C, Di Lodovico F, Dokania N, Dolan S, Doyle TA, Drapier O, Dumarchez J, Dunne P, Eguchi A, Eklund L, Emery-Schrenk S, Ereditato A, Fernandez P, Feusels T, Finch AJ, Fiorentini GA, Fiorillo G, Francois C, Friend M, Fujii Y, Fujita R, Fukuda D, Fukuda R, Fukuda Y, Fusshoeller K, Gameil K, Giganti C, Golan T, Gonin M, Gorin A, Guigue M, Hadley DR, Haigh JT, Hamacher-Baumann P, Hartz M, Hasegawa T, Hassani S, Hastings NC, Hayashino T, Hayato Y, Hiramoto A, Hogan M, Holeczek J, Hong Van NT, Iacob F, Ichikawa AK, Ikeda M, Ishida T, Ishii T, Ishitsuka M, Iwamoto K, Izmaylov A, Jakkapu M, Jamieson B, Jenkins SJ, Jesús-Valls C, Jiang M, Johnson S, Jonsson P, Jung CK, Junjie X, Jurj PB, Kabirnezhad M, Kaboth AC, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Karlen D, Kasetti SP, Kataoka Y, Katori T, Kato Y, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khotjantsev A, Kikawa T, Kikutani H, Kim H, Kim J, King S, Kisiel J, Knight A, Knox A, Kobayashi T, Koch L, Koga T, Konaka A, Kormos LL, Koshio Y, Kostin A, Kowalik K, Kubo H, Kudenko Y, Kukita N, Kuribayashi S, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Kuze M, Labarga L, Lagoda J, Lamoureux M, Laveder M, Lawe M, Licciardi M, Lindner T, Litchfield RP, Liu SL, Li X, Longhin A, Ludovici L, Lu X, Lux T, Machado LN, Magaletti L, Mahn K, Malek M, Manly S, Maret L, Marino AD, Marti-Magro L, Martin JF, Maruyama T, Matsubara T, Matsushita K, Matveev V, Mavrokoridis K, Mazzucato E, McCarthy M, McCauley N, McElwee J, McFarland KS, McGrew C, Mefodiev A, Metelko C, Mezzetto M, Minamino A, Mineev O, Mine S, Miura M, Bueno LM, Moriyama S, Morrison J, Mueller TA, Munteanu L, Murphy S, Nagai Y, Nakadaira T, Nakahata M, Nakajima Y, Nakamura A, Nakamura KG, Nakamura K, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Nakayoshi K, Nantais C, Naseby CER, Ngoc TV, Niewczas K, Nishikawa K, Nishimura Y, Noah E, Nonnenmacher TS, Nova F, Novella P, Nowak J, Nugent JC, O’Keeffe HM, O’Sullivan L, Odagawa T, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Oser SM, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Palladino V, Palomino JL, Paolone V, Pari M, Parker WC, Parsa S, Pasternak J, Paudyal P, Pavin M, Payne D, Penn GC, Pickering L, Pidcott C, Pintaudi G, Guerra ESP, Pistillo C, Popov B, Porwit K, Posiadala-Zezula M, Pritchard A, Quilain B, Radermacher T, Radicioni E, Radics B, Ratoff PN, Reinherz-Aronis E, Riccio C, Rondio E, Roth S, Rubbia A, Ruggeri AC, Ruggles CA, Rychter A, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Santucci G, Schloesser CM, Scholberg K, Schwehr J, Scott M, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Sgalaberna D, Shah R, Shaikhiev A, Shaker F, Shaykina A, Shiozawa M, Shorrock W, Shvartsman A, Smirnov A, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sobel H, Soler FJP, Sonoda Y, Steinmann J, Suvorov S, Suzuki A, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Sztuc AA, Tada M, Tajima M, Takeda A, Takeuchi Y, Tanaka HK, Tanaka HA, Tanaka S, Thompson LF, Toki W, Touramanis C, Towstego T, Tsui KM, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Uno W, Vagins M, Valder S, Vallari Z, Vargas D, Vasseur G, Vilela C, Vinning WGS, Vladisavljevic T, Volkov VV, Wachala T, Walker J, Walsh JG, Wang Y, Wark D, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, Wilking MJ, Wilkinson C, Wilson JR, Wilson RJ, Wood K, Wret C, Yamada Y, Yamamoto K, Yanagisawa C, Yang G, Yano T, Yasutome K, Yen S, Yershov N, Yokoyama M, Yoshida T, Yu M, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zaremba K, Zarnecki G, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Zsoldos S, Zykova A. Constraint on the matter–antimatter symmetry-violating phase in neutrino oscillations. Nature 2020; 580:339-344. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2177-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Scott M. Interaural recalibration of phonetic categories. J Acoust Soc Am 2020; 147:EL164. [PMID: 32113262 DOI: 10.1121/10.0000735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recalibration is a learning process in which perceptual boundaries between speech-sounds adjust through exposure to a supplementary source of information. Using a dichotic-listening methodology, the experiments reported here establish interaural recalibration-in which an ambiguous speech sound in one ear is recalibrated on the basis of a clear sound presented to the other ear. This demonstrates a previously unknown form of recalibration and shows that location-specific recalibration occurs even when people are unaware of location differences between the sounds involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Scott
- Department of English Literature and Linguistics, Qatar University, Doha
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44
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Grabow S, Kueh AJ, Ke F, Vanyai HK, Sheikh BN, Dengler MA, Chiang W, Eccles S, Smyth IM, Jones LK, de Sauvage FJ, Scott M, Whitehead L, Voss AK, Strasser A. Subtle Changes in the Levels of BCL-2 Proteins Cause Severe Craniofacial Abnormalities. Cell Rep 2019; 24:3285-3295.e4. [PMID: 30232009 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptotic cell death removes unwanted cells and is regulated by interactions between pro-survival and pro-apoptotic members of the BCL-2 protein family. The regulation of apoptosis is thought to be crucial for normal embryonic development. Accordingly, complete loss of pro-survival MCL-1 or BCL-XL (BCL2L1) causes embryonic lethality. However, it is not known whether minor reductions in pro-survival proteins could cause developmental abnormalities. We explored the rate-limiting roles of MCL-1 and BCL-XL in development and show that combined loss of single alleles of Mcl-1 and Bcl-x causes neonatal lethality. Mcl-1+/-;Bcl-x+/- mice display craniofacial anomalies, but additional loss of a single allele of pro-apoptotic Bim (Bcl2l11) restores normal development. These findings demonstrate that the control of cell survival during embryogenesis is finely balanced and suggest that some human craniofacial defects, for which causes are currently unknown, may be due to subtle imbalances between pro-survival and pro-apoptotic BCL-2 family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Grabow
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.
| | - Andrew J Kueh
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Francine Ke
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Hannah K Vanyai
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Bilal N Sheikh
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Michael A Dengler
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - William Chiang
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Samantha Eccles
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Ian M Smyth
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Lynelle K Jones
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | | | - Mark Scott
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Lachlan Whitehead
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Anne K Voss
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.
| | - Andreas Strasser
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.
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Thornton SL, Gallagher R, Gallagher D, Hunter J, Castelli R, Scott M. Trends and characteristics of cases when serial carboxyhemoglobins are obtained. Undersea Hyperb Med 2019; 46:655-658. [PMID: 31683364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels are obtained when there is suspicion for carbon monoxide (CO) exposure. Serial COHb levels are sometimes obtained despite the well-established half-life of COHb with oxygen supplementation. We sought to evaluate the trends and characteristics associated with obtaining serial carboxyhemoglobin levels. METHODS A retrospective review was performed at an academic medical center for all inpatient and emergency department cases with either single COHb or serial COHb levels from 1 April 2010 through 31 March 2015. Data collected included age, gender, pregnancy status, smoking history, encounter month, admission status, oxygen administration, fire or burn history, vital signs, presenting symptoms, hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy use, initial pH, troponin, lactate, and COHb levels. The time and change in values between serial levels were also obtained. RESULTS 624 cases were identified, with 106 (17%) having multiple carboxyhemoglobin levels. A mean of 2.6 (range 2 - 9) serial COHb levels were obtained. The average initial COHb was 8.9%. Subsequent serial levels were obtained on average at 353, 663 and 1,095 minutes and averaged 2.8%, 1.8% and 1.1% respectively. Serial COHb levels were obtained more commonly in burn patients, those admitted to the ICU and those who had HBO2 therapy. Four patients had an increase in COHb level on serial testing. The largest increase of these was from 2.0% to 3.9%. CONCLUSION Serial COHb levels were not infrequent in this study. No clinically significant increase in COHb was identified by serial testing. Further studies should examine the clinical utility of such practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen L Thornton
- University of Kansas Health System Poison Control Center, Kansas City, Kansas U.S
- University of Kansas Health System Department of Emergency Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas U.S
| | - Ryan Gallagher
- University of Kansas Health System Department of Emergency Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas U.S
| | - Dan Gallagher
- University of Kansas Health System Department of Emergency Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas U.S
| | - Jeremy Hunter
- Mosaic Life Care at St. Joseph - Medical Center, St. Joseph, Missouri U.S
| | - Rachel Castelli
- Oregon Health and Science University, Division of Medical Toxicology, Portland, Oregon U.S
| | - Mark Scott
- University of Kansas Health System Department of Emergency Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas U.S
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Bakon S, Taylor A, Meyer S, Scott M. The provision of emergency healthcare for women who experience intimate partner violence: part 1. An integrative review. Emerg Nurse 2019; 27:19-25. [PMID: 31549493 DOI: 10.7748/en.2019.e1950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This integrative review is the first of a two-part series about intimate partner violence (IPV). Part 2 will explore strategies to address barriers to the care of women who experience IPV in the emergency department (ED). IPV has become a major concern globally and specifically in Australia. Healthcare professionals in the ED are often the first point of contact for women experiencing IPV and therefore the provision of a comprehensive healthcare response to these vulnerable patients remains a priority. The review evaluated healthcare professionals' approaches to the care of women who present to the ED with injuries related to IPV. A systematic search of studies was undertaken using four databases. After the selection process, a total of 24 articles was identified. Six themes emerged: IPV care protocols, physical care provision, psychosocial care provision, provision of safety, role of referrals and barriers to appropriate care provision. There is a lack of evidence supporting healthcare approaches in the ED to address IPV. ED healthcare professionals experience numerous barriers that hinder their ability to provide patient-centred care, which suggests that patients presenting with IPV-related concerns may not be receiving adequate or appropriate healthcare in ED settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Bakon
- Nursing, University of the Sunshine Coast, Caboolture, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Silke Meyer
- Monash University School of Science, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Scott
- Queensland Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Small M, Electricwala B, Marvel J, Scott M, Fuhlbrigge A. A208 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PATIENTS’ PERCEPTION OF THEIR ASTHMA CONTROL AND THE SYMPTOMATIC BURDEN OF ASTHMA. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2019.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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O'Grady KAF, Grimwood K, Torzillo PJ, Rablin S, Lovie-Toon Y, Kaus M, Arnold D, Roberts J, Buntain H, Adsett D, King A, Scott M, Anderson J, Toombs M, Chang AB. Effectiveness of a chronic cough management algorithm at the transitional stage from acute to chronic cough in children: a multicenter, nested, single-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2019; 3:889-898. [PMID: 31635952 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(19)30327-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic (lasting at least 4 weeks) cough in children is an important cause of morbidity. An algorithmic approach to the management of coughs in children evaluated in observational studies and a randomised controlled trial (RCT) enrolled children referred with median cough duration of 16 weeks to specialist centres. We investigated whether applying an evidence-based cough management algorithm in non-specialist settings earlier, once cough persisted for more than 4 weeks, improved cough resolution compared with usual care. METHODS We undertook a multicentre, single-blind RCT nested within a prospective cohort study of children (<15 years) in Australia presenting to three primary care or three hospital emergency departments with an acute respiratory illness with cough. Children were excluded if they had a known diagnosis of an underlying chronic medical condition (excluding asthma) or had an immunosuppressive illness or were taking immunomodulating drugs for more than 2 weeks in the preceding 30 days, or had severe symptoms requiring inpatient hospitalisation. Children were followed up for 8 weeks; those with a persistent cough at day 28 were randomly assigned to the cough management algorithm or to usual care. Randomisation was stratified by reason for presentation, study site, and cough duration (4 weeks to <6 weeks vs ≥6 weeks) using computer-generated permuted blocks (block size of four) with a 1:1 allocation. The primary outcome was the proportion of children with cough resolution at day 56 (defined as resolved if the child did not cough for at least 3 days and nights since day 28 or a more than 75% reduction in their average day and night cough score). Absolute risk differences (RDabsolute) were calculated by modified intention-to-treat analysis (ITT). This trial is registered with the Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12615000132549. FINDINGS Between July 7, 2015, and Oct 31, 2018, 1018 children were screened, 509 were enrolled in the cohort study, and of 115 children in the ITT analysis, 57 were randomly assigned to the intervention group and 58 to the control group. Children had a median age of 1·6 years (IQR 1·0-4·5); 45 (39%) of 115 were Indigenous, and 59 (51%) were boys. By day 56, 33 (58%) of 57 children in the intervention group achieved cough resolution compared with 23 (40%) 58 in the control group; cough resolution was unknown in 12 (21%) of 57 children receiving the intervention and in 13 (22%) of 58 receiving the control. The RDabsolute assuming children with an unknown cough outcome were still coughing at day 56 was 18·3% (95% CI 0·3-36·2); the number needed-to-treat for benefit was five (95% CI 3-364); the adjusted odds ratio was 1·5 (95% CI 1·3-1·6), favouring the intervention group. INTERPRETATION This study suggests an evidence-based cough management algorithm improves cough resolution in community-based children in the early phases of chronic cough. However, larger studies to confirm these findings in primary care are required. FUNDING National Health and Medical Research Council.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry-Ann F O'Grady
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Centre for Children's Health Research, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Keith Grimwood
- School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia; Departments of Infectious Diseases and Paediatrics, Gold Coast Health, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul J Torzillo
- Central Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sheree Rablin
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Centre for Children's Health Research, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yolanda Lovie-Toon
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Centre for Children's Health Research, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Michelle Kaus
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Centre for Children's Health Research, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniel Arnold
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Centre for Children's Health Research, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jack Roberts
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Centre for Children's Health Research, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Helen Buntain
- Wesley Medical Centre, Auchenflower, QLD, Australia; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Don Adsett
- 78 Margaret Street, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
| | - Alex King
- The Toowoomba Hospital, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
| | - Mark Scott
- Caboolture Hospital, Caboolture, QLD, Australia
| | - Jennie Anderson
- Caboolture Community Medical Centre, Caboolture, QLD, Australia
| | - Maree Toombs
- UQ Rural Clinical School, University of Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
| | - Anne B Chang
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Centre for Children's Health Research, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin Northern Territory, Australia; Department of Respiratory Medicine, QLD Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Reinmuth N, Boothman AM, Cho B, Lee K, Luft A, Ahn MJ, Scott M, Whiteley J, Walker J, Karwe V, Mukhopadhyay P, Thiyagarajah P, Scheuring U, Rizvi N. PD-L1 expression in primary tumour vs metastatic samples in the phase III MYSTIC study in first-line metastatic (m) NSCLC. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz260.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Wallace-King S, Scott M. NELA’s new pathway – delivery feasibility for the RVI. Clin Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2019.09.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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