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Badilla P, Abad S, Smith C, Tsui B, Cardenas-Iniguez C, Herting MM. Lifetime residential data collection protocol for the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. MethodsX 2024; 12:102673. [PMID: 38623304 PMCID: PMC11017270 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2024.102673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the impacts of environmental exposures on health outcomes during development is an important area of research for plenty of reasons. Collecting retrospective and prospective residential history can enrich observational studies through eventual linkages to external sources. Augmenting participant health outcome data with environmental data can better inform on the role of the environment, thereby enhancing prevention and intervention efforts. However, collecting the geospatial information needed for this type of research can be difficult, especially when data are collected directly from participants. Participants' residential histories are unique and often complex. Collecting residential history data often involves capturing precise spatial locations along specific timeframes as well as contending with recall bias and unique, complex living arrangements. When trying to assess lifetime environmental exposures, researchers must consider the many changes in location a person goes through and the timeframes in which these changes occur, ultimately creating a multidimensional and dynamic dataset. Creating data collection protocols that are feasible to administer, result in accurate data, and minimize data missingness is a major challenge to undertake. Here, we provide an overview of the protocol developed to collect the lifetime residential address information of participants in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Badilla
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Shermaine Abad
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Calen Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Brandon Tsui
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Abad S, Badilla P, Marshall AT, Smith C, Tsui B, Cardenas-Iniguez C, Herting MM. Lifetime residential history collection and processing for environmental data linkages in the ABCD study. Health Place 2024; 87:103238. [PMID: 38677137 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
By using geospatial information such as participants' residential history along with external datasets of environmental exposures, ongoing studies can enrich their cohorts to investigate the role of the environment on brain-behavior health outcomes. However, challenges may arise if clear guidance and key quality control steps are not taken at the outset of data collection of residential information. Here, we detail the protocol development aimed at improving the collection of lifetime residential address information from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. This protocol generates a workflow for minimizing gaps in residential information, improving data collection processes, and reducing misclassification error in exposure estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shermaine Abad
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Paola Badilla
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - Andrew T Marshall
- Department of Pediatrics (Division of Neurology), Children's Hospital Los Angeles, USA
| | - Calen Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Brandon Tsui
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA
| | - Megan M Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, USA.
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Bottenhorn KL, Cardenas-Iniguez C, Schachner JN, Rosario MA, Mills KL, Laird AR, Herting MM. Adolescent Neurodevelopmental Variance Across Social Strata. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2410441. [PMID: 38717776 PMCID: PMC11079691 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.10441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This cohort study explores variability in neurodevelopment across sociodemographic factors among youths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L. Bottenhorn
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami
| | - Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Jared N. Schachner
- Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Michael A. Rosario
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | | | - Angela R. Laird
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
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Torgerson C, Ahmadi H, Choupan J, Fan CC, Blosnich JR, Herting MM. Sex, gender diversity, and brain structure in early adolescence. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26671. [PMID: 38590252 PMCID: PMC11002534 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
There remains little consensus about the relationship between sex and brain structure, particularly in early adolescence. Moreover, few pediatric neuroimaging studies have analyzed both sex and gender as variables of interest-many of which included small sample sizes and relied on binary definitions of gender. The current study examined gender diversity with a continuous felt-gender score and categorized sex based on X and Y allele frequency in a large sample of children ages 9-11 years old (N = 7195). Then, a statistical model-building approach was employed to determine whether gender diversity and sex independently or jointly relate to brain morphology, including subcortical volume, cortical thickness, gyrification, and white matter microstructure. Additional sensitivity analyses found that male versus female differences in gyrification and white matter were largely accounted for by total brain volume, rather than sex per se. The model with sex, but not gender diversity, was the best-fitting model in 60.1% of gray matter regions and 61.9% of white matter regions after adjusting for brain volume. The proportion of variance accounted for by sex was negligible to small in all cases. While models including felt-gender explained a greater amount of variance in a few regions, the felt-gender score alone was not a significant predictor on its own for any white or gray matter regions examined. Overall, these findings demonstrate that at ages 9-11 years old, sex accounts for a small proportion of variance in brain structure, while gender diversity is not directly associated with neurostructural diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carinna Torgerson
- Department of Population and Public Health SciencesUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics InstituteUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Hedyeh Ahmadi
- Department of Population and Public Health SciencesUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jeiran Choupan
- Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics InstituteUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Chun Chieh Fan
- Center for Population Neuroscience and GeneticsLaureate Institute for Brain ResearchTulsaOklahomaUSA
- Department of Radiology, School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - John R. Blosnich
- Suzanne Dworak‐Peck School of Social WorkUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health SciencesUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
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Shou Q, Zhao C, Shao X, Herting MM, Wang DJ. High Resolution Multi-delay Arterial Spin Labeling with Transformer based Denoising for Pediatric Perfusion MRI. medRxiv 2024:2024.03.04.24303727. [PMID: 38496517 PMCID: PMC10942515 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.04.24303727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Multi-delay arterial spin labeling (MDASL) can quantitatively measure cerebral blood flow (CBF) and arterial transit time (ATT), which is particularly suitable for pediatric perfusion imaging. Here we present a high resolution (iso-2mm) MDASL protocol and performed test-retest scans on 21 typically developing children aged 8 to 17 years. We further proposed a Transformer-based deep learning (DL) model with k-space weighted image average (KWIA) denoised images as reference for training the model. The performance of the model was evaluated by the SNR of perfusion images, as well as the SNR, bias and repeatability of the fitted CBF and ATT maps. The proposed method was compared to several benchmark methods including KWIA, joint denoising and reconstruction with total generalized variation (TGV) regularization, as well as directly applying a pretrained Transformer model on a larger dataset. The results show that the proposed Transformer model with KWIA reference can effectively denoise multi-delay ASL images, not only improving the SNR for perfusion images of each delay, but also improving the SNR for the fitted CBF and ATT maps. The proposed method also improved test-retest repeatability of whole-brain perfusion measurements. This may facilitate the use of MDASL in neurodevelopmental studies to characterize typical and aberrant brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyang Shou
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033 USA
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033 USA
| | - Xingfeng Shao
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033 USA
| | - Megan M Herting
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033 USA
| | - Danny Jj Wang
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033 USA
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Kim MS, Pickering TA, Cotter DL, Fraga NR, Luo S, Won CY, Geffner ME, Herting MM. Neural Correlates of Obesity and Inflammation in Children and Adolescents with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia. Horm Res Paediatr 2024:000537847. [PMID: 38373413 DOI: 10.1159/000537847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency exhibit an increased prevalence of obesity from childhood including central adiposity and inflammation. There is also an emerging affected brain phenotype in CAH, with decreased cortico-limbic gray matter volumes and white matter abnormalities. We aimed to study the relationship between brain structure, obesity, and inflammation in children and adolescents with CAH compared to controls. METHODS 27 CAH (12.6±3.4y, 16 females) and 35 controls (13.0±2.8y, 20 females) had MRI of gray matter regions of interest [prefrontal cortex (PFC), amygdala, hippocampus] and white matter microstructure [fornix, stria terminalis (ST)]. Anthropometric measures and lab analytes were obtained. Relaimpo analyses (relative importance for linear regression; percent variance) identified which brain structures were most different between groups. Subsequent regressions further quantified the magnitude and direction of these relationships. Correlations analyzed relationships between brain structure, obesity, and inflammation in the context of CAH status. RESULTS PFC (13.3% variance) and its superior frontal (SF) subregion (14%) were most different between CAH and controls for gray matter; ST (16%) for white matter. Patients with CAH had lower caudal middle frontal [β = -0.56, (-0.96, -0.15)] and superior frontal [β = -0.58 (-0.92, -0.25)] subregion volumes, increased orientation dispersion index in the fornix [β = 0.56 (0.01, 1.10)] and ST [β = 0.85 (0.34, 1.36)], and decreased fractional anisotropy in the fornix [β = -0.91 (-1.42, -0.42)] and ST [β = -0.83 (-1.34, -0.33)] (all p's <0.05) indicating axonal disorganization, reduced myelin content, and/or higher microglial density within the affected white matter tracts. For the full cohort, SF was correlated with MCP-1 (r=-0.41), visceral adipose tissue (r=-0.25), and waist-to-height ratio (r=-0.27, all p's <0.05); ST was correlated with MCP-1 (r=0.31) and TNF-α (r= 0.29, all p's <0.05); however, after adjusting for CAH status, almost all correlations were attenuated for significance. CONCLUSIONS Relationships among key brain structures, body composition and inflammatory markers in pediatric patients with CAH could be largely driven by having CAH, with implications for obesity and neuroinflammation in this high-risk population.
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Backhausen LL, Fröhner JH, Lemaître H, Artiges E, Martinot MP, Herting MM, Sticca F, Banaschewski T, Barker GJ, Bokde ALW, Desrivières S, Flor H, Grigis A, Garavan H, Gowland P, Heinz A, Brühl R, Nees F, Papadopoulos‐Orfanos D, Poustka L, Hohmann S, Robinson L, Walter H, Winterer J, Whelan R, Schumann G, Martinot J, Smolka MN, Vetter NC. Adolescent to young adult longitudinal development of subcortical volumes in two European sites with four waves. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26574. [PMID: 38401132 PMCID: PMC10893970 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Adolescent subcortical structural brain development might underlie psychopathological symptoms, which often emerge in adolescence. At the same time, sex differences exist in psychopathology, which might be mirrored in underlying sex differences in structural development. However, previous studies showed inconsistencies in subcortical trajectories and potential sex differences. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the subcortical structural trajectories and their sex differences across adolescence using for the first time a single cohort design, the same quality control procedure, software, and a general additive mixed modeling approach. We investigated two large European sites from ages 14 to 24 with 503 participants and 1408 total scans from France and Germany as part of the IMAGEN project including four waves of data acquisition. We found significantly larger volumes in males versus females in both sites and across all seven subcortical regions. Sex differences in age-related trajectories were observed across all regions in both sites. Our findings provide further evidence of sex differences in longitudinal adolescent brain development of subcortical regions and thus might eventually support the relationship of underlying brain development and different adolescent psychopathology in boys and girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea L. Backhausen
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyTUD Dresden University of TechnologyDresdenGermany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav CarusTUD Dresden University of TechnologyDresdenGermany
| | - Juliane H. Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyTUD Dresden University of TechnologyDresdenGermany
| | - Hervé Lemaître
- NeuroSpin, CEAUniversité Paris‐SaclayGif‐sur‐YvetteFrance
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, CNRS, CEAUniversité de BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Eric Artiges
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 "Trajectoires Développementales en Psychiatrie"Université Paris‐Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris‐Saclay, CNRS, Centre BorelliGif‐sur‐YvetteFrance
- Department of PsychiatryLab‐D‐Psy, EPS Barthélémy DurandEtampesFrance
| | - Marie‐Laure Palillère Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 "Trajectoires Développementales en Psychiatrie"Université Paris‐Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris‐Saclay, CNRS, Centre BorelliGif‐sur‐YvetteFrance
- AP‐HP, Sorbonne Université, Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryPitié‐Salpêtrière HospitalParisFrance
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Departments of Population and Public Health Sciences and PediatricsUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Fabio Sticca
- Institute for Educational Support for Behaviour, Social‐Emotional, and Psychomotor DevelopmentUniversity of Teacher Education in Special NeedsZurichSwitzerland
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
| | - Gareth J. Barker
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Arun L. W. Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of NeuroscienceTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP CentreKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
- Department of Psychology, School of Social SciencesUniversity of MannheimMannheimGermany
| | - Antoine Grigis
- NeuroSpin, CEAUniversité Paris‐SaclayGif‐sur‐YvetteFrance
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Departments of Psychiatry and PsychologyUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVermontUSA
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of Nottingham, University ParkNottinghamUK
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurosciencesCharité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
| | - Rüdiger Brühl
- Physikalisch‐Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)BraunschweigGermany
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical SociologyUniversity Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel UniversityKielGermany
| | | | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Centre GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and PsychosomaticsUniversity Medical Center Hamburg EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Lauren Robinson
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Section for Eating Disorders, Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and Neuroscience, King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurosciencesCharité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
| | - Jeanne Winterer
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurosciencesCharité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
- Department of Education and PsychologyFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health InstituteTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP CentreKing's College LondonLondonUK
- PONS Research Group, Dept of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charite MitteHumboldt University, Berlin and Leibniz Institute for NeurobiologyMagdeburgGermany
- Institute for Science and Technology of Brain‐Inspired Intelligence (ISTBI)Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jean‐Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 "Trajectoires Développementales en Psychiatrie"Université Paris‐Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris‐Saclay, CNRS, Centre BorelliGif‐sur‐YvetteFrance
| | - Michael N. Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyTUD Dresden University of TechnologyDresdenGermany
| | - Nora C. Vetter
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyTUD Dresden University of TechnologyDresdenGermany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav CarusTUD Dresden University of TechnologyDresdenGermany
- Department of PsychologyMSB Medical School BerlinBerlinGermany
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Cardenas-Iniguez C, Schachner JN, Ip KI, Schertz KE, Gonzalez MR, Abad S, Herting MM. Building towards an adolescent neural urbanome: Expanding environmental measures using linked external data (LED) in the ABCD study. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 65:101338. [PMID: 38195369 PMCID: PMC10837718 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Many recent studies have demonstrated that environmental contexts, both social and physical, have an important impact on child and adolescent neural and behavioral development. The adoption of geospatial methods, such as in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, has facilitated the exploration of many environmental contexts surrounding participants' residential locations without creating additional burdens for research participants (i.e., youth and families) in neuroscience studies. However, as the number of linked databases increases, developing a framework that considers the various domains related to child and adolescent environments external to their home becomes crucial. Such a framework needs to identify structural contextual factors that may yield inequalities in children's built and natural environments; these differences may, in turn, result in downstream negative effects on children from historically minoritized groups. In this paper, we develop such a framework - which we describe as the "adolescent neural urbanome" - and use it to categorize newly geocoded information incorporated into the ABCD Study by the Linked External Data (LED) Environment & Policy Working Group. We also highlight important relationships between the linked measures and describe possible applications of the Adolescent Neural Urbanome. Finally, we provide a number of recommendations and considerations regarding the responsible use and communication of these data, highlighting the potential harm to historically minoritized groups through their misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Jared N Schachner
- Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ka I Ip
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Kathryn E Schertz
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Marybel R Gonzalez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shermaine Abad
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Megan M Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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9
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Goldblatt R, Holz N, Tate G, Sherman K, Ghebremicael S, Bhuyan SS, Al-Ajlouni Y, Santillanes S, Araya G, Abad S, Herting MM, Thompson W, Thapaliya B, Sapkota R, Xu J, Liu J, Schumann G, Calhoun VD. "Urban-Satellite" estimates in the ABCD Study: Linking Neuroimaging and Mental Health to Satellite Imagery Measurements of Macro Environmental Factors. medRxiv 2024:2023.11.06.23298044. [PMID: 37986844 PMCID: PMC10659457 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.06.23298044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
While numerous studies over the last decade have highlighted the important influence of environmental factors on mental health, globally applicable data on physical surroundings are still limited. Access to such data and the possibility to link them to epidemiological studies is critical to unlocking the relationship of environment, brain and behaviour and promoting positive future mental health outcomes. The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study is the largest ongoing longitudinal and observational study exploring brain development and child health among children from 21 sites across the United States. Here we describe the linking of the ABCD study data with satellite-based "Urban-Satellite" (UrbanSat) variables consisting of 11 satellite-data derived environmental indicators associated with each subject's residential address at their baseline visit, including land cover and land use, nighttime lights, and population characteristics. We present these UrbanSat variables and provide a review of the current literature that links environmental indicators with mental health, as well as key aspects that must be considered when using satellite data for mental health research. We also highlight and discuss significant links of the satellite data variables to the default mode network clustering coefficient and cognition. This comprehensive dataset provides the foundation for large-scale environmental epidemiology research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathalie Holz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim / Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Garrett Tate
- New Light Technologies, Inc., Washington, DC 20012
| | - Kari Sherman
- New Light Technologies, Inc., Washington, DC 20012
| | | | - Soumitra S Bhuyan
- Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, Rutgers University- New Brunswick
| | - Yazan Al-Ajlouni
- New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | | | | | - Shermaine Abad
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, 92093
| | - Megan M. Herting
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, 90089
| | - Wesley Thompson
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 74136, USA
| | - Bishal Thapaliya
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State, Georgia Tech, Emory, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Ram Sapkota
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State, Georgia Tech, Emory, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Jiayuan Xu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State, Georgia Tech, Emory, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | | | - Gunter Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), ISTBI, Fudan University Shanghai, P.R. China
- PONS Centre, Dept. of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, CCM, Charite University Medicine Berlin, Germany
| | - Vince D. Calhoun
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State, Georgia Tech, Emory, Atlanta, GA 30303
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10
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Shao X, Shou Q, Felix K, Ojogho B, Jiang X, Gold BT, Herting MM, Goldwaser EL, Kochunov P, Hong LE, Pappas I, Braskie M, Kim H, Cen S, Jann K, Wang DJJ. Age-Related Decline in BBB Function is More Pronounced in Males than Females. bioRxiv 2024:2024.01.12.575463. [PMID: 38293052 PMCID: PMC10827081 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.12.575463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays a pivotal role in protecting the central nervous system (CNS), shielding it from potential harmful entities. A natural decline of BBB function with aging has been reported in both animal and human studies, which may contribute to cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disorders. Limited data also suggest that being female may be associated with protective effects on BBB function. Here we investigated age and sex-dependent trajectories of perfusion and BBB water exchange rate (kw) across the lifespan in 186 cognitively normal participants spanning the ages of 8 to 92 years old, using a novel non-invasive diffusion prepared pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (DP-pCASL) MRI technique. We found that the pattern of BBB kw decline with aging varies across brain regions. Moreover, results from our novel DP-pCASL technique revealed a remarkable decline in BBB kw beginning in the early 60s, which was more pronounced in males. In addition, we observed sex differences in parietotemporal and hippocampal regions. Our findings provide in vivo results demonstrating sex differences in the decline of BBB function with aging, which may serve as a foundation for future investigations into perfusion and BBB function in neurodegenerative and other brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfeng Shao
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Qinyang Shou
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Kimberly Felix
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Brandon Ojogho
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Xuejuan Jiang
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Brian T. Gold
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky
| | - Megan M Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Eric L Goldwaser
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine
| | - Peter Kochunov
- Louis A. Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - L. Elliot Hong
- Louis A. Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Ioannis Pappas
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Meredith Braskie
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Hosung Kim
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Steven Cen
- Department of Radiology and Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Kay Jann
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Danny JJ Wang
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
- Department of Radiology and Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
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11
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Campbell CE, Cotter DL, Bottenhorn KL, Burnor E, Ahmadi H, Gauderman WJ, Cardenas-Iniguez C, Hackman D, McConnell R, Berhane K, Schwartz J, Chen JC, Herting MM. Air pollution and age-dependent changes in emotional behavior across early adolescence in the U.S. Environ Res 2024; 240:117390. [PMID: 37866541 PMCID: PMC10842841 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have linked air pollution to increased risk for behavioral problems during development, albeit with inconsistent findings. Additional longitudinal studies are needed that consider how emotional behaviors may be affected when exposure coincides with the transition to adolescence - a vulnerable time for developing mental health difficulties. This study investigates if annual average PM2.5 and NO2 exposure at ages 9-10 years moderates age-related changes in internalizing and externalizing behaviors over a 2-year follow-up period in a large, nationwide U.S. sample of participants from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study®. Air pollution exposure was estimated based on the residential address of each participant using an ensemble-based modeling approach. Caregivers answered questions from the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) at the baseline, 1-year follow-up, and 2-year follow-up visits, for a total of 3 waves of data; from the CBCL we obtained scores on internalizing and externalizing problems plus 5 syndrome scales (anxious/depressed, withdrawn/depressed, rule-breaking behavior, aggressive behavior, and attention problems). Zero-inflated negative binomial models were used to examine both the main effect of age as well as the interaction of age with each pollutant on behavior while adjusting for various socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Against our hypothesis, there was no evidence that greater air pollution exposure was related to more behavioral problems with age over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Campbell
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-2520, USA
| | - Devyn L Cotter
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-2520, USA
| | - Katherine L Bottenhorn
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Elisabeth Burnor
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hedyeh Ahmadi
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - W James Gauderman
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Hackman
- Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Rob McConnell
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kiros Berhane
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jiu-Chiuan Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90063, USA
| | - Megan M Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.
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12
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Marshall AT, Adise S, Cardenas-Iniguez C, Hippolyte OK, Parchment CA, Villalobos TI, Wong LT, Cisneros CP, Kan EC, Palmer CE, Bodison SC, Herting MM, Sowell ER. Family- and neighborhood-level environmental associations with physical health conditions in 9- and 10-year-olds. Health Psychol 2023; 42:878-888. [PMID: 36633989 PMCID: PMC10336174 DOI: 10.1037/hea0001254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine how environmental factors are associated with physical health conditions in 9- to 10-year-old participants in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, and how they are moderated by family-level socioeconomic status (SES). METHOD We performed cross-sectional analyses of 8,429 youth participants in the ABCD Study, in which nine physical health conditions (having underweight or overweight/obesity, not participating in sports activities, short sleep duration, high sleep disturbances, lack of vigorous and strengthening-related physical activity, miscellaneous medical problems, and traumatic brain injury) were regressed on three environmental factors [neighborhood disadvantage (area deprivation index [ADI]), risk of lead exposure, and concentrations of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5)] and their interaction with family-level SES (i.e., parent-reported annual household income). Environmental data were geocoded to participants' primary residential addresses at 9- to 10-year-olds. RESULTS Risk of lead exposure and ADI were positively associated with the odds of having overweight/obesity, not participating in sports activity, and short sleep durations. ADI was also positively associated with high sleep disturbances. PM2.5 was positively associated with the odds of having overweight/obesity and reduced vigorous physical activity. Family-level SES moderated relationships between ADI and both underweight and overweight/obesity, with high SES being associated with more pronounced changes given increased ADI. CONCLUSIONS Policymakers and public health officials must implement policies and remediation strategies to ensure children are free from exposure to neurotoxicant and environmental factors. Physical health conditions may be less of a product of an individual's choices and more related to environmental influences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T. Marshall
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Shana Adise
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | | | - Ogechi K. Hippolyte
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Camille A. Parchment
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Tanya I. Villalobos
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Lawrence T. Wong
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | | | - Eric C. Kan
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Clare E. Palmer
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Stefanie C. Bodison
- College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth R. Sowell
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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13
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Luciana M, Barch D, Herting MM. Adolescent brain cognitive development study: Longitudinal methods, developmental findings, and associations with environmental risk factors. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023; 64:101311. [PMID: 37827934 PMCID: PMC10757308 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Deanna Barch
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University of St. Louis, USA
| | - Megan M Herting
- Departments of Population and Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, USA
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14
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Luo S, Hsu E, Lawrence KE, Adise S, Pickering TA, Herting MM, Buchanan T, Page KA, Thompson PM. Associations among prenatal exposure to gestational diabetes mellitus, brain structure, and child adiposity markers. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:2699-2708. [PMID: 37840377 PMCID: PMC11025497 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of child brain structure in the relationship between prenatal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) exposure and child adiposity. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 9- to 10-year-old participants and siblings across the US. Data were obtained from the baseline assessment of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study®. Brain structure was evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging. GDM exposure was self-reported, and discordance for GDM exposure within biological siblings was identified. Mixed effects and mediation models were used to examine associations among prenatal GDM exposure, brain structure, and adiposity markers with sociodemographic covariates. RESULTS The sample included 8521 children (7% GDM-exposed), among whom there were 28 sibling pairs discordant for GDM exposure. Across the entire study sample, prenatal exposure to GDM was associated with lower global and regional cortical gray matter volume (GMV) in the bilateral rostral middle frontal gyrus and superior temporal gyrus. GDM-exposed siblings also demonstrated lower global cortical GMV than unexposed siblings. Global cortical GMV partially mediated the associations between prenatal GDM exposure and child adiposity markers. CONCLUSIONS The results identify brain markers of prenatal GDM exposure and suggest that low cortical GMV may explain increased obesity risk for offspring prenatally exposed to GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Luo
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Eustace Hsu
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Katherine E. Lawrence
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Shana Adise
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Division of Research on Children, Youth, and Families, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Trevor A. Pickering
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Thomas Buchanan
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kathleen A. Page
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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15
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Bottenhorn KL, Cardenas-Iniguez C, Mills KL, Laird AR, Herting MM. Profiling intra- and inter-individual differences in brain development across early adolescence. Neuroimage 2023; 279:120287. [PMID: 37536527 PMCID: PMC10833064 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As we move toward population-level developmental neuroscience, understanding intra- and inter-individual variability in brain maturation and sources of neurodevelopmental heterogeneity becomes paramount. Large-scale, longitudinal neuroimaging studies have uncovered group-level neurodevelopmental trajectories, and while recent work has begun to untangle intra- and inter-individual differences, they remain largely unclear. Here, we aim to quantify both intra- and inter-individual variability across facets of neurodevelopment across early adolescence (ages 8.92 to 13.83 years) in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study and examine inter-individual variability as a function of age, sex, and puberty. Our results provide novel insight into differences in annualized percent change in macrostructure, microstructure, and functional brain development from ages 9-13 years old. These findings reveal moderate age-related intra-individual change, but age-related differences in inter-individual variability only in a few measures of cortical macro- and microstructure development. Greater inter-individual variability in brain development were seen in mid-pubertal individuals, except for a few aspects of white matter development that were more variable between prepubertal individuals in some tracts. Although both sexes contributed to inter-individual differences in macrostructure and functional development in a few regions of the brain, we found limited support for hypotheses regarding greater male-than-female variability. This work highlights pockets of individual variability across facets of early adolescent brain development, while also highlighting regional differences in heterogeneity to facilitate future investigations in quantifying and probing nuances in normative development, and deviations therefrom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Bottenhorn
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Kathryn L Mills
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, 1227 University St, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Angela R Laird
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Megan M Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA.
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16
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Omary A, Khalifeh N, Cotter DL, Kim MS, Choudhury F, Ahmadi H, Geffner ME, Herting MM. Altered Emotion Perception Linked to Structural Brain Differences in Youth With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:e1134-e1146. [PMID: 36930527 PMCID: PMC10505548 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a genetic disorder that results in hormonal imbalances and decreased brain volumes in regions important for emotional processing. OBJECTIVE To examine whether emotion perception differs between youth with CAH and control youth, and if these differences relate to brain volumes. METHODS In this cross-sectional study of 27 youths with CAH (mean age = 12.63 years, 16 female) and 35 age- and sex-matched controls (mean age = 13.03 years, 20 female), each participant rated picture stimuli and completed a 3T structural brain scan. Valence and arousal ratings and reaction times of 61 affective images were assessed. Gray matter volumes were measured by MRI. RESULTS Youth with CAH had lower valence ratings for negative (P = .007) and neutral (P = .019) images. Controls showed differences in reaction times and arousal ratings across stimuli conditions, but youth with CAH did not. Brain volumes of the right amygdala (P = .025) and left hippocampus (P = .002) were associated with valence ratings. Left rostral middle frontal (P < .001) and right medial orbitofrontal cortex (P = .002) volumes were negatively related to valence scores only in youth with CAH, whereas left medial orbitofrontal cortex (P < .001) volumes were associated with valence scores positively in youth with CAH and negatively in controls. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that youth with CAH perceive emotive stimuli as more unpleasant. Decreased brain volumes in the amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex are associated with these measures of altered emotion perception in youth with CAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Omary
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Noor Khalifeh
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Devyn L Cotter
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Mimi S Kim
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, and The Saban Research Institute at Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Farzana Choudhury
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Hedyeh Ahmadi
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Mitchell E Geffner
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, and The Saban Research Institute at Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Megan M Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
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17
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Torgerson C, Ahmadi H, Choupan J, Fan CC, Blosnich JR, Herting MM. Sex, gender diversity, and brain structure in children ages 9 to 11 years old. bioRxiv 2023:2023.07.28.551036. [PMID: 37546960 PMCID: PMC10402171 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.28.551036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
There remains little consensus about the relationship between sex and brain structure, particularly in childhood. Moreover, few pediatric neuroimaging studies have analyzed both sex and gender as variables of interest - many of which included small sample sizes and relied on binary definitions of gender. The current study examined gender diversity with a continuous felt-gender score and categorized sex based on X and Y allele frequency in a large sample of children ages 9-11 years-old (N=7693). Then, a statistical model-building approach was employed to determine whether gender diversity and sex independently or jointly relate to brain morphology, including subcortical volume, cortical thickness, gyrification, and white matter microstructure. The model with sex, but not gender diversity, was the best-fitting model in 75% of gray matter regions and 79% of white matter regions examined. The addition of gender to the sex model explained significantly more variance than sex alone with regard to bilateral cerebellum volume, left precentral cortical thickness, as well as gyrification in the right superior frontal gyrus, right parahippocampal gyrus, and several regions in the left parietal lobe. For mean diffusivity in the left uncinate fasciculus, the model with sex, gender, and their interaction captured the most variance. Nonetheless, the magnitude of variance accounted for by sex was small in all cases and felt-gender score was not a significant predictor on its own for any white or gray matter regions examined. Overall, these findings demonstrate that at ages 9-11 years-old, sex accounts for a small proportion of variance in brain structure, while gender diversity is not directly associated with neurostructural diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carinna Torgerson
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hedyeh Ahmadi
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jeiran Choupan
- Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chun Chieh Fan
- Center for Population Neuroscience and Genetics, Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego
| | - John R. Blosnich
- Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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18
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Cotter DL, Campbell CE, Sukumaran K, McConnell R, Berhane K, Schwartz J, Hackman DA, Ahmadi H, Chen JC, Herting MM. Effects of ambient fine particulates, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone on maturation of functional brain networks across early adolescence. Environ Int 2023; 177:108001. [PMID: 37307604 PMCID: PMC10353545 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution is linked to neurodevelopmental delays, but its association with longitudinal changes in brain network development has yet to be investigated. We aimed to characterize the effect of PM2.5, O3, and NO2 exposure at ages 9-10 years on changes in functional connectivity (FC) over a 2-year follow-up period, with a focus on the salience (SN), frontoparietal (FPN), and default-mode (DMN) brain networks as well as the amygdala and hippocampus given their importance in emotional and cognitive functioning. METHODS A sample of children (N = 9,497; with 1-2 scans each for a total of 13,824 scans; 45.6% with two brain scans) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study® were included. Annual averages of pollutant concentrations were assigned to the child's primary residential address using an ensemble-based exposure modeling approach. Resting-state functional MRI was collected on 3T MRI scanners. First, developmental linear mixed-effect models were performed to characterize typical FC development within our sample. Next, single- and multi-pollutant linear mixed-effect models were constructed to examine the association between exposure and intra-network, inter-network, and subcortical-to-network FC change over time, adjusting for sex, race/ethnicity, income, parental education, handedness, scanner type, and motion. RESULTS Developmental profiles of FC over the 2-year follow-up included intra-network integration within the DMN and FPN as well as inter-network integration between the SN-FPN; along with intra-network segregation in the SN as well as subcortical-to-network segregation more broadly. Higher PM2.5 exposure resulted in greater inter-network and subcortical-to-network FC over time. In contrast, higher O3 concentrations resulted in greater intra-network, but less subcortical-to-network FC over time. Lastly, higher NO2 exposure led to less inter-network and subcortical-to-network FC over the 2-year follow-up period. CONCLUSION Taken together, PM2.5, O3, and NO2 exposure in childhood relate to distinct changes in patterns of network maturation over time. This is the first study to show outdoor ambient air pollution during childhood is linked to longitudinal changes in brain network connectivity development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devyn L Cotter
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Claire E Campbell
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kirthana Sukumaran
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rob McConnell
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kiros Berhane
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel A Hackman
- USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hedyeh Ahmadi
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jiu-Chiuan Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Megan M Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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19
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Mooney MA, Ryabinin P, Morton H, Selah K, Gonoud R, Kozlowski M, Nousen E, Tipsord J, Antovich D, Schwartz J, Herting MM, Faraone SV, Nigg JT. Joint polygenic and environmental risks for childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and ADHD symptom dimensions. JCPP Adv 2023; 3:e12152. [PMID: 37753156 PMCID: PMC10519744 DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with both polygenic liability and environmental exposures, both intrinsic to the family, such as family conflict, and extrinsic, such as air pollution. However, much less is known about the interplay between environmental and genetic risks relevant to ADHD-a better understanding of which could inform both mechanistic models and clinical prediction algorithms. Methods Two independent data sets, the population-based Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ABCD) (N = 11,876) and the case-control Oregon-ADHD-1000 (N = 1449), were used to examine additive (G + E) and interactive (GxE) effects of selected polygenic risk scores (PRS) and environmental factors in a cross-sectional design. Genetic risk was measured using PRS for nine mental health disorders/traits. Exposures included family income, family conflict/negative sentiment, and geocoded measures of area deprivation, lead exposure risk, and air pollution exposure (nitrogen dioxide and fine particulate matter). Results ADHD PRS and family conflict jointly predicted concurrent ADHD symptoms in both cohorts. Additive-effects models, including both genetic and environmental factors, explained significantly more variation in symptoms than any individual factor alone (joint R 2 = .091 for total symptoms in ABCD; joint R 2 = .173 in Oregon-ADHD-1000; all delta-R 2 p-values <2e-7). Significant effect size heterogeneity across ancestry groups was observed for genetic and environmental factors (e.g., Q = 9.01, p = .011 for major depressive disorder PRS; Q = 13.34, p = .001 for area deprivation). GxE interactions observed in the full ABCD cohort suggested stronger environmental effects when genetic risk is low, though they did not replicate. Conclusions Reproducible additive effects of PRS and family environment on ADHD symptoms were found, but GxE interaction effects were not replicated and appeared confounded by ancestry. Results highlight the potential value of combining exposures and PRS in clinical prediction algorithms. The observed differences in risks across ancestry groups warrant further study to avoid health care disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Mooney
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational BiologyDepartment of Medical Informatics and Clinical EpidemiologyOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
- Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Peter Ryabinin
- Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Hannah Morton
- Department of PsychiatryCenter for ADHD ResearchOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Katharine Selah
- Department of PsychiatryCenter for ADHD ResearchOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Rose Gonoud
- Department of PsychiatryCenter for ADHD ResearchOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Michael Kozlowski
- Department of PsychiatryCenter for ADHD ResearchOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Elizabeth Nousen
- Department of PsychiatryCenter for ADHD ResearchOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Jessica Tipsord
- Department of PsychiatryCenter for ADHD ResearchOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Dylan Antovich
- Department of PsychiatryCenter for ADHD ResearchOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental HealthHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health SciencesKeck School of Medicine of the University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of PediatricsChildren's Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Stephen V. Faraone
- Department of PsychiatrySUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
| | - Joel T. Nigg
- Department of PsychiatryCenter for ADHD ResearchOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
- Department of Behavioral NeuroscienceOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
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20
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Campbell CE, Cotter DL, Bottenhorn KL, Burnor E, Ahmadi H, Gauderman WJ, Cardenas-Iniguez C, Hackman D, McConnell R, Berhane K, Schwartz J, Chen JC, Herting MM. Air pollution and emotional behavior in adolescents across the U.S. medRxiv 2023:2023.04.19.23288834. [PMID: 37162908 PMCID: PMC10168412 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.19.23288834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have linked air pollution to increased risk for behavioral problems during development, albeit with inconsistent findings. Additional longitudinal studies are needed that consider how emotional behaviors may be affected when exposure coincides with the transition to adolescence - a vulnerable time for developing mental health difficulties. This study examines how annual average PM2.5 and NO2 exposure at ages 9-10 years relates to internalizing and externalizing behaviors over a 2-year follow-up period in a large, nationwide U.S. sample of participants from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study®. Air pollution exposure was estimated based on the residential address of each participant using an ensemble-based modeling approach. Caregivers answered questions from the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) at baseline and annually for two follow-up sessions for a total of 3 waves of data; from the CBCL we obtained scores on internalizing and externalizing problems plus 5 syndrome scales (anxious/depressed, withdrawn/depressed, rule-breaking behavior, aggressive behavior, and attention problems). Zero-inflated negative binomial models were used to examine both the main effect of age as well as the interaction of age with each pollutant on behavior while adjusting for various socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Overall, the pollution effects moderated the main effects of age with higher levels of PM2.5 and NO2 leading to an even greater likelihood of having no behavioral problems (i.e., score of zero) with age over time, as well as fewer problems when problems are present as the child ages. Albeit this was on the order equal to or less than a 1-point change. Thus, one year of annual exposure at 9-10 years is linked with very small change in emotional behaviors in early adolescence, which may be of little clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Campbell
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA 90089-2520
| | - Devyn L Cotter
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA 90089-2520
| | - Katherine L Bottenhorn
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Elisabeth Burnor
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hedyeh Ahmadi
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - W James Gauderman
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Hackman
- Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Rob McConnell
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kiros Berhane
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jiu-Chiuan Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90063, USA
| | - Megan M Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
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21
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Sukumaran K, Cardenas-Iniguez C, Burnor E, Bottenhorn KL, Hackman DA, McConnell R, Berhane K, Schwartz J, Chen JC, Herting MM. Ambient fine particulate exposure and subcortical gray matter microarchitecture in 9- and 10-year-old children across the United States. iScience 2023; 26:106087. [PMID: 36915692 PMCID: PMC10006642 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies showing the adverse effects of air pollution on neurodevelopment have largely focused on smaller samples from limited geographical locations and have implemented univariant approaches to assess exposure and brain macrostructure. Herein, we implement restriction spectrum imaging and a multivariate approach to examine how one year of annual exposure to daily fine particulate matter (PM2.5), daily nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and 8-h maximum ozone (O3) at ages 9-10 years relates to subcortical gray matter microarchitecture in a geographically diverse subsample of children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study℠. Adjusting for confounders, we identified a latent variable representing 66% of the variance between one year of air pollution and subcortical gray matter microarchitecture. PM2.5 was related to greater isotropic intracellular diffusion in the thalamus, brainstem, and accumbens, which related to cognition and internalizing symptoms. These findings may be indicative of previously identified air pollution-related risk for neuroinflammation and early neurodegenerative pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirthana Sukumaran
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90063, USA
| | - Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90063, USA
| | - Elisabeth Burnor
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90063, USA
| | - Katherine L. Bottenhorn
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90063, USA
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Daniel A. Hackman
- Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Rob McConnell
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90063, USA
| | - Kiros Berhane
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jiu-Chiuan Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90063, USA
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90063, USA
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90063, USA
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
- Corresponding author
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22
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Adise S, Marshall AT, Hahn S, Zhao S, Kan E, Rhee KE, Herting MM, Sowell ER. Longitudinal assessment of brain structure and behaviour in youth with rapid weight gain: Potential contributing causes and consequences. Pediatr Obes 2023; 18:e12985. [PMID: 36253967 PMCID: PMC11075780 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Independent of weight status, rapid weight gain has been associated with underlying brain structure variation in regions associated with food intake and impulsivity among pre-adolescents. Yet, we lack clarity on how developmental maturation coincides with rapid weight gain and weight stability. METHODS We identified brain predictors of 2-year rapid weight gain and its longitudinal effects on brain structure and impulsivity in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study®. Youth were categorized as Healthy Weight/Weight Stable (WSHW , n = 527) or Weight Gainers (WG, n = 221, >38lbs); 63% of the WG group were healthy weight at 9-to-10-years-old. RESULTS A fivefold cross-validated logistic elastic-net regression revealed that rapid weight gain was associated with structural variation amongst 39 brain features at 9-to-10-years-old in regions involved with executive functioning, appetitive control and reward sensitivity. Two years later, WG youth showed differences in change over time in several of these regions and performed worse on measures of impulsivity. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that brain structure in pre-adolescence may predispose some to rapid weight gain and that weight gain itself may alter maturational brain change in regions important for food intake and impulsivity. Behavioural interventions that target inhibitory control may improve trajectories of brain maturation and facilitate healthier behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana Adise
- Division of Pediatric Research Administration, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Andrew T. Marshall
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sage Hahn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Shaomin Zhao
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Eric Kan
- Division of Pediatric Research Administration, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kyung E. Rhee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Departments of Population and Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth R. Sowell
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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23
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Khalifeh N, Omary A, Cotter D, Kim MS, Geffner ME, Herting MM. Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia and Brain Health: A Systematic Review of Structural, Functional, and Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Investigations. J Child Neurol 2022; 37:758-783. [PMID: 35746874 PMCID: PMC9464669 DOI: 10.1177/08830738221100886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of genetic disorders that affects the adrenal glands and is the most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency in children. In the past few decades, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been implemented to investigate how the brain may be affected by CAH. A systematic review was conducted to evaluate and synthesize the reported evidence of brain findings related to CAH using structural, functional, and diffusion-weighted MRI. METHODS We searched bibliographical databases through July 2021 for brain MRI studies in individuals with CAH. RESULTS Twenty-eight studies were identified, including 13 case reports or series, 10 studies that recruited and studied CAH patients vs unaffected controls, and 5 studies without a matched control group. Eleven studies used structural MRI to identify structural abnormalities or quantify brain volumes, whereas 3 studies implemented functional MRI to investigate brain activity, and 3 reported diffusion MRI findings to assess white matter microstructure. Some commonly reported findings across studies included cortical atrophy and differences in gray matter volumes, as well as white matter hyperintensities, altered white matter microstructure, and distinct patterns of emotion and reward-related brain activity. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest differences in brain structure and function in patients with CAH. Limitations of these studies highlight the need for CAH neuroimaging studies to incorporate larger sample sizes and follow best study design and MRI analytic practices, as well as clarify potential neurologic effects seen across the lifespan and in relation to clinical and behavioral CAH phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Khalifeh
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Adam Omary
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Devyn Cotter
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mimi S. Kim
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, and The Saban Research Institute at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles; Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mitchell E. Geffner
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, and The Saban Research Institute at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles; Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Division of Children, Youth, and Families, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles
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24
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Abstract
While life in urban environments may confer a number of benefits, it may also result in a variety of exposures, with toxic consequences for neurodevelopment and neuropsychological health. Neurotoxicants are any of a large number of chemicals or substances that interfere with normal function and/or compromise adaptation in the central and/or peripheral nervous system. Evidence suggests that neurotoxicant effects have a greater effect when occurring in utero and during early childhood. Recent findings exploring neural-level mechanisms provide a crucial opportunity to explore the ways in which environmental conditions may get “under the skin” to impact a number of psychological behaviors and cognitive processes, ultimately allowing for greater synergy between macro- and microlevel efforts to improve mental health in the presence of neurotoxicant exposures. In this review, we provide an overview of 3 types of neurotoxicants related to the built environment and relevant to brain development during childhood and adolescence: lead exposure, outdoor particulate matter pollution, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals. We also discuss mechanisms through which these neurotoxicants affect central nervous system function, including recent evidence from neuroimaging literature. Furthermore, we discuss neurotoxicants and mental health during development in the context of social determinants and how differences in the spatial distribution of neurotoxicant exposures result in health disparities that disproportionately affect low-income and minority populations. Multifaceted approaches incorporating social systems and their effect on neurotoxicant exposures and downstream mental health will be key to reduce societal costs and improve quality of life for children, adolescents, and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
- Address correspondence to Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez, Ph.D.
| | - Elisabeth Burnor
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Megan M. Herting, Ph.D.
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25
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Campbell CE, Mezher AF, Tyszka JM, Nagel BJ, Eckel SP, Herting MM. Associations between testosterone, estradiol, and androgen receptor genotype with amygdala subregions in adolescents. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 137:105604. [PMID: 34971856 PMCID: PMC8925279 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Much is known about the development of the whole amygdala, but less is known about its structurally and functionally diverse subregions. One notable distinguishing feature is their wide range of androgen and estrogen receptor densities. Given the rise in pubertal hormones during adolescence, sex steroid levels as well as receptor sensitivity could influence age-related subregion volumes. Therefore, our goal was to evaluate the associations between the total amygdala and its subregion volumes in relation to sex hormones - estradiol and free testosterone (FT) - as a function of age and genetic differences in androgen receptor (AR) sensitivity in a sample of 297 adolescents (46% female). In males, we found small effects of FT-by-age interactions in the total amygdala, portions of the basolateral complex, and the cortical and medial nuclei (CMN), with the CMN effects being moderated by AR sensitivity. For females, small effects were seen with increased genetic AR sensitivity relating to smaller basolateral complexes. However, none of these small effects passed multiple comparisons. Future larger studies are necessary to replicate these small, yet possibly meaningful effects of FT-by-age associations and modulation by AR sensitivity on amygdala development to ultimately determine if they contribute to known sex differences in emotional neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E. Campbell
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA 90033,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA 90089-2520
| | - Adam F. Mezher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA 90033,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA 90089-2520
| | - J. Michael Tyszka
- Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA 91125
| | - Bonnie J. Nagel
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA 97239-3098
| | - Sandrah P. Eckel
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA 90033
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA 90033
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26
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Aris IM, Perng W, Dabelea D, Ganiban JM, Liu C, Marceau K, Robertson OC, Hockett CW, Mihalopoulos NL, Kong X, Herting MM, O’Shea TM, Jensen ET, Hivert MF, Oken E. Analysis of Early-Life Growth and Age at Pubertal Onset in US Children. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2146873. [PMID: 35119461 PMCID: PMC8817204 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.46873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance Earlier pubertal onset may be associated with an increased risk of chronic diseases. However, the extent to which growth in the first 5 years of life-an important developmental life stage that lays the foundation for later health outcomes-is associated with pubertal onset remains understudied. Objective To assess whether changes in weight, length or height, and body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) during the first 5 years of life are associated with earlier pubertal onset. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study used data from 36 cohorts participating in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes program from January 1, 1986, to December 31, 2015. Participant inclusion required at least 1 anthropometric measure in the first 5 years of life and at least 1 measure of pubertal onset. Data were analyzed from January 1 to June 30, 2021. Exposures Standardized velocities of weight, length or height, and BMI gain in early infancy (0-0.5 years), late infancy (0.5-2 years), and early childhood (2-5 years). Main Outcomes and Measures Markers of pubertal onset for boys and girls, including age at peak height velocity (APHV), time to puberty score greater than 1, time to Tanner pubic hair stage greater than 1, and time to menarche. Multivariable regression models were used to estimate mean differences in APHV by growth periods. Results Of 7495 children included in the study, 3772 (50.3%) were girls, 4505 (60.1%) were White individuals, and 6307 (84.1%) were born during or after the year 2000. Girls had a younger APHV (10.8 vs 12.9 years) than boys. In boys, faster weight gain (per 1-SD increase) in early infancy (β, -0.08 years; 95% CI, -0.10 to -0.06), late infancy (β, -0.10 years; 95% CI, -0.12 to -0.08), and early childhood (β, -0.07 years; 95% CI, -0.08 to -0.05) was associated with younger APHV after adjusting for the child's birth year, race, and Hispanic ethnicity as well as maternal age at delivery; educational level during pregnancy; annual household income during pregnancy; prenatal cigarette smoking; whether the mother was nulliparous; whether the mother had gestational diabetes, hypertension, or preeclampsia; mode of delivery; prepregnancy BMI; gestational weight gain; and gestational age at delivery. Similar associations were observed for length or height and BMI gains during the same age periods. In girls, faster gains (per 1-SD increase) in weight (β, -0.03 years; 95% CI, -0.05 to -0.01) and height (β, -0.02 years; 95% CI, -0.04 to 0.00) in early childhood were associated with younger APHV. Faster BMI gain in late infancy was associated with earlier time to menarche, whereas faster BMI gain in early childhood was associated with earlier time to Tanner pubic hair stage greater than 1. Conclusions and Relevance This cohort study found that faster gains in weight, length or height, or BMI in early life were associated with earlier pubertal onset. The results suggest that children who experience faster early growth should be monitored closely for earlier onset of puberty and referred as appropriate for supportive services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izzuddin M. Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wei Perng
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
| | - Jody M. Ganiban
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Kristine Marceau
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Olivia C. Robertson
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Christine W. Hockett
- Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion
| | | | - Xiangrong Kong
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - T. Michael O’Shea
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill
| | - Elizabeth T. Jensen
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
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Fan CC, Marshall A, Smolker H, Gonzalez MR, Tapert SF, Barch DM, Sowell E, Dowling GJ, Cardenas-Iniguez C, Ross J, Thompson WK, Herting MM. Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study Linked External Data (LED): Protocol and practices for geocoding and assignment of environmental data. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2021; 52:101030. [PMID: 34891080 PMCID: PMC8666341 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2021.101030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Our brain is constantly shaped by our immediate environments, and while some effects are transient, some have long-term consequences. Therefore, it is critical to identify which environmental risks have evident and long-term impact on brain development. To expand our understanding of the environmental context of each child, the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study® incorporates the use of geospatial location data to capture a range of individual, neighborhood, and state level data based on the child's residential location in order to elucidate the physical environmental contexts in which today's youth are growing up. We review the major considerations and types of geocoded information incorporated by the Linked External Data Environmental (LED) workgroup to expand on the built and natural environmental constructs in the existing and future ABCD Study data releases. Understanding the environmental context of each youth furthers the consortium's mission to understand factors that may influence individual differences in brain development, providing the opportunity to inform public policy and health organization guidelines for child and adolescent health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Chieh Fan
- Population Neuroscience and Genetics Lab, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Andrew Marshall
- Division of Children, Youth, and Families, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harry Smolker
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Marybel R Gonzalez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Susan F Tapert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Departments of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Psychiatry, and Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Elizabeth Sowell
- Division of Children, Youth, and Families, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Ross
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Wesley K Thompson
- Population Neuroscience and Genetics Lab, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Megan M Herting
- Division of Children, Youth, and Families, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Burnor E, Cserbik D, Cotter DL, Palmer CE, Ahmadi H, Eckel SP, Berhane K, McConnell R, Chen JC, Schwartz J, Jackson R, Herting MM. Association of Outdoor Ambient Fine Particulate Matter With Intracellular White Matter Microstructural Properties Among Children. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2138300. [PMID: 34882178 PMCID: PMC8662373 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.38300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance Outdoor particulate matter 2.5 μm or less in diameter (PM2.5) is a ubiquitous environmental neurotoxicant that may affect the developing brain. Little is known about associations between PM2.5 and white matter connectivity. Objectives To assess associations between annual residential PM2.5 exposure and white matter microstructure health in a US sample of children 9 to 10 years of age and to examine whether associations are specific to certain white matter pathways or vary across neuroimaging diffusion markers reflective of intracellular and extracellular microstructural processes. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study, the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, was composed of 21 study sites across the US and used baseline data collected from children 9 to 10 years of age from September 1, 2016, to October 15, 2018. Data analysis was performed from September 15, 2020, to June 30, 2021. Exposures Annual mean PM2.5 exposure estimated by ensemble-based models and assigned to the primary residential addresses at baseline. Main Outcomes and Measures Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and tractography were used to delineate white matter tracts. The biophysical modeling technique of restriction spectrum imaging (RSI) was implemented to examine total hindered diffusion and restricted isotropic and anisotropic intracellular diffusion in each tract. Hierarchical mixed-effects models with natural splines were used to analyze the associations between PM2.5 exposure and DWI. Results In a study population of 7602 children (mean [SD] age, 119.1 [7.42] months; 3955 [52.0%] female; 160 [ 21.%] Asian, 1025 [13.5%] Black, 1616 [21.3%] Hispanic, 4025 [52.9%] White, and 774 [10.2%] other [identified by parents as American Indian/Native American or Alaska Native; Native Hawaiian, Guamanian, Samoan, other Pacific Islander; Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, or other Asian; or other race]), associations were seen between annual ambient PM2.5 and hemispheric differences in white matter microstructure. Hemisphere-stratified models revealed significant associations between PM2.5 exposure and restricted isotropic intracellular diffusion in the left cingulum, in the left superior longitudinal fasciculus, and bilaterally in the fornix and uncinate fasciculus. In tracts with strong positive associations, a PM2.5 increase from 8 to 12 μg/m3 was associated with increases of 2.16% (95% CI, 0.49%-3.84%) in the left cingulum, 1.95% (95% CI, 0.43%-3.47%) in the left uncinate, and 1.68% (95% CI, 0.01%-3.34%) in the right uncinate. Widespread negative associations were observed between PM2.5 and mean diffusivity. Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that annual mean PM2.5 exposure during childhood is associated with increased restricted isotropic diffusion and decreased mean diffusivity of specific white matter tracts, potentially reflecting differences in the composition of white matter microarchitecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Burnor
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Dora Cserbik
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Devyn L. Cotter
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Clare E. Palmer
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Hedyeh Ahmadi
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Sandrah P. Eckel
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Kiros Berhane
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
| | - Rob McConnell
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Jiu-Chiuan Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Raymond Jackson
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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Cotter DL, Azad A, Cabeen RP, Kim MS, Geffner ME, Sepehrband F, Herting MM. White Matter Microstructural Differences in Youth With Classical Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:3196-3212. [PMID: 34272858 PMCID: PMC8530716 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Gray matter morphology in the prefrontal cortex and subcortical regions, including the hippocampus and amygdala, are affected in youth with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). It remains unclear if white matter connecting these aforementioned brain regions is compromised in youth with CAH. OBJECTIVE To examine brain white matter microstructure in youth with CAH compared to controls. DESIGN A cross-sectional sample of 23 youths with CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (12.9 ± 3.5 year; 61% female) and 33 healthy controls (13.1 ± 2.8 year; 61% female) with 3T multishell diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance brain scans. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Complementary modeling approaches, including diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), to examine in vivo white matter microstructure in six white matter tracts that innervate the prefrontal and subcortical regions. RESULTS DTI showed CAH youth had lower fractional anisotropy in both the fornix and stria terminalis and higher mean diffusivity in the fornix compared to controls. NODDI modeling revealed that CAH youth have a significantly higher orientation dispersion index in the stria terminalis compared to controls. White matter microstructural integrity was associated with smaller hippocampal and amygdala volumes in CAH youth. CONCLUSIONS These patterns of microstructure reflect less restricted water diffusion likely due to less coherency in oriented microstructure. These results suggest that white matter microstructural integrity in the fornix and stria terminalis is compromised and may be an additional related brain phenotype alongside affected hippocampus and amygdala neurocircuitry in individuals with CAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devyn L Cotter
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anisa Azad
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ryan P Cabeen
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mimi S Kim
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, and The Saban Research Institute at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mitchell E Geffner
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, and The Saban Research Institute at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Farshid Sepehrband
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Megan M Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, and The Saban Research Institute at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Marshall AT, McConnell R, Lanphear BP, Thompson WK, Herting MM, Sowell ER. Risk of lead exposure, subcortical brain structure, and cognition in a large cohort of 9- to 10-year-old children. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258469. [PMID: 34648580 PMCID: PMC8516269 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lead, a toxic metal, affects cognitive development at the lowest measurable concentrations found in children, but little is known about its direct impact on brain development. Recently, we reported widespread decreases in cortical surface area and volume with increased risks of lead exposure, primarily in children of low-income families. METHODS AND FINDINGS We examined associations of neighborhood-level risk of lead exposure with cognitive test performance and subcortical brain volumes. We also examined whether subcortical structure mediated associations between lead risk and cognitive performance. Our analyses employed a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the observational Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. The multi-center ABCD Study used school-based enrollment to recruit a demographically diverse cohort of almost 11,900 9- and 10-year-old children from an initial 22 study sites. The analyzed sample included data from 8,524 typically developing child participants and their parents or caregivers. The primary outcomes and measures were subcortical brain structure, cognitive performance using the National Institutes of Health Toolbox, and geocoded risk of lead exposure. Children who lived in neighborhoods with greater risks of environmental lead exposure exhibited smaller volumes of the mid-anterior (partial correlation coefficient [rp] = -0.040), central (rp = -0.038), and mid-posterior corpus callosum (rp = -0.035). Smaller volumes of these three callosal regions were associated with poorer performance on cognitive tests measuring language and processing speed. The association of lead exposure risk with cognitive performance was partially mediated through callosal volume, particularly the mid-posterior corpus callosum. In contrast, neighborhood-level indicators of disadvantage were not associated with smaller volumes of these brain structures. CONCLUSIONS Environmental factors related to the risk of lead exposure may be associated with certain aspects of cognitive functioning via diminished subcortical brain structure, including the anterior splenium (i.e., mid-posterior corpus callosum).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T. Marshall
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Rob McConnell
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Bruce P. Lanphear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Wesley K. Thompson
- Department of Biostatistics, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth R. Sowell
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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31
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Lisdahl KM, Tapert S, Sher KJ, Gonzalez R, Nixon SJ, Ewing SWF, Conway KP, Wallace A, Sullivan R, Hatcher K, Kaiver C, Thompson W, Reuter C, Bartsch H, Wade NE, Jacobus J, Albaugh MD, Allgaier N, Anokhin AP, Bagot K, Baker FC, Banich MT, Barch DM, Baskin-Sommers A, Breslin FJ, Brown SA, Calhoun V, Casey BJ, Chaarani B, Chang L, Clark DB, Cloak C, Constable RT, Cottler LB, Dagher RK, Dapretto M, Dick A, Do EK, Dosenbach NUF, Dowling GJ, Fair DA, Florsheim P, Foxe JJ, Freedman EG, Friedman NP, Garavan HP, Gee DG, Glantz MD, Glaser P, Gonzalez MR, Gray KM, Grant S, Haist F, Hawes S, Heeringa SG, Hermosillo R, Herting MM, Hettema JM, Hewitt JK, Heyser C, Hoffman EA, Howlett KD, Huber RS, Huestis MA, Hyde LW, Iacono WG, Isaiah A, Ivanova MY, James RS, Jernigan TL, Karcher NR, Kuperman JM, Laird AR, Larson CL, LeBlanc KH, Lopez MF, Luciana M, Luna B, Maes HH, Marshall AT, Mason MJ, McGlade E, Morris AS, Mulford C, Nagel BJ, Neigh G, Palmer CE, Paulus MP, Pecheva D, Prouty D, Potter A, Puttler LI, Rajapakse N, Ross JM, Sanchez M, Schirda C, Schulenberg J, Sheth C, Shilling PD, Sowell ER, Speer N, Squeglia L, Sripada C, Steinberg J, Sutherland MT, Tomko R, Uban K, Vrieze S, Weiss SRB, Wing D, Yurgelun-Todd DA, Zucker RA, Heitzeg MM. Substance use patterns in 9-10 year olds: Baseline findings from the adolescent brain cognitive development (ABCD) study. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 227:108946. [PMID: 34392051 PMCID: PMC8833837 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development ™ Study (ABCD Study®) is an open-science, multi-site, prospective, longitudinal study following over 11,800 9- and 10-year-old youth into early adulthood. The ABCD Study aims to prospectively examine the impact of substance use (SU) on neurocognitive and health outcomes. Although SU initiation typically occurs during teen years, relatively little is known about patterns of SU in children younger than 12. METHODS This study aims to report the detailed ABCD Study® SU patterns at baseline (n = 11,875) in order to inform the greater scientific community about cohort's early SU. Along with a detailed description of SU, we ran mixed effects regression models to examine the association between early caffeine and alcohol sipping with demographic factors, externalizing symptoms and parental history of alcohol and substance use disorders (AUD/SUD). PRIMARY RESULTS At baseline, the majority of youth had used caffeine (67.6 %) and 22.5 % reported sipping alcohol (22.5 %). There was little to no reported use of other drug categories (0.2 % full alcohol drink, 0.7 % used nicotine, <0.1 % used any other drug of abuse). Analyses revealed that total caffeine use and early alcohol sipping were associated with demographic variables (p's<.05), externalizing symptoms (caffeine p = 0002; sipping p = .0003), and parental history of AUD (sipping p = .03). CONCLUSIONS ABCD Study participants aged 9-10 years old reported caffeine use and alcohol sipping experimentation, but very rare other SU. Variables linked with early childhood alcohol sipping and caffeine use should be examined as contributing factors in future longitudinal analyses examining escalating trajectories of SU in the ABCD Study cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista M Lisdahl
- University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States; Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.
| | - Susan Tapert
- University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | | | - Raul Gonzalez
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Sara Jo Nixon
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | | | - Kevin P Conway
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Alex Wallace
- University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Ryan Sullivan
- University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Kelah Hatcher
- University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | | | - Wes Thompson
- University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Chase Reuter
- University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Hauke Bartsch
- University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | | | | | - M D Albaugh
- University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - N Allgaier
- University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - A P Anokhin
- Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - K Bagot
- University of California, San Diego, CA, United States; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, United States
| | - F C Baker
- SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - M T Banich
- University of Colorado Boulder, CO, United States
| | - D M Barch
- Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | | | - F J Breslin
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - S A Brown
- University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - V Calhoun
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - B J Casey
- Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - B Chaarani
- University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - L Chang
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - D B Clark
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - C Cloak
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - L B Cottler
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - R K Dagher
- National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - M Dapretto
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - A Dick
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - E K Do
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | | | - G J Dowling
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - D A Fair
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - P Florsheim
- University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - J J Foxe
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - E G Freedman
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - N P Friedman
- University of Colorado Boulder, CO, United States
| | - H P Garavan
- University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - D G Gee
- Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - M D Glantz
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - P Glaser
- Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - M R Gonzalez
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - K M Gray
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - S Grant
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - F Haist
- University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - S Hawes
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - S G Heeringa
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - R Hermosillo
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - M M Herting
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - J M Hettema
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - J K Hewitt
- University of Colorado Boulder, CO, United States
| | - C Heyser
- University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - E A Hoffman
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - K D Howlett
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - R S Huber
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - M A Huestis
- University of California, San Diego, CA, United States; Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - L W Hyde
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - W G Iacono
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - A Isaiah
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - M Y Ivanova
- University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - R S James
- American Psychistric Association, United States
| | - T L Jernigan
- University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - N R Karcher
- Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - J M Kuperman
- University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - A R Laird
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - C L Larson
- University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - K H LeBlanc
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - M F Lopez
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - M Luciana
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - B Luna
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - H H Maes
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - A T Marshall
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - M J Mason
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - E McGlade
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - A S Morris
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States; Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - C Mulford
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - B J Nagel
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - G Neigh
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - C E Palmer
- University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - M P Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - D Pecheva
- University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - D Prouty
- SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - A Potter
- University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - L I Puttler
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - N Rajapakse
- National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - J M Ross
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - M Sanchez
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - C Schirda
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - J Schulenberg
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - C Sheth
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - P D Shilling
- University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - E R Sowell
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - N Speer
- University of Colorado Boulder, CO, United States
| | - L Squeglia
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - C Sripada
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - J Steinberg
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - M T Sutherland
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - R Tomko
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - K Uban
- University of California, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - S Vrieze
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - S R B Weiss
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - D Wing
- University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | | | - R A Zucker
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Ferschmann L, Bos MGN, Herting MM, Mills KL, Tamnes CK. Contextualizing adolescent structural brain development: Environmental determinants and mental health outcomes. Curr Opin Psychol 2021; 44:170-176. [PMID: 34688028 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The spatiotemporal group-level patterns of brain macrostructural development are relatively well-documented. Current research emphasizes individual variability in brain development, including its causes and consequences. Although genetic factors and prenatal and perinatal events play critical roles, calls are now made to also study brain development in transactional interplay with the different aspects of an individual's physical and social environment. Such focus is highly relevant for research on adolescence, a period involving a multitude of contextual changes paralleled by continued refinement of complex cognitive and affective neural systems. Here, we discuss associations between selected aspects of an individual's physical and social environment and adolescent brain structural development and possible links to mental health. We also touch on methodological considerations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Ferschmann
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - Marieke G N Bos
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, the Netherlands
| | - Megan M Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, USA
| | - Kathryn L Mills
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, USA
| | - Christian K Tamnes
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Mills KL, Siegmund KD, Tamnes CK, Ferschmann L, Wierenga LM, Bos MGN, Luna B, Li C, Herting MM. Inter-individual variability in structural brain development from late childhood to young adulthood. Neuroimage 2021; 242:118450. [PMID: 34358656 PMCID: PMC8489572 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A fundamental task in neuroscience is to characterize the brain’s developmental course. While replicable group-level models of structural brain development from childhood to adulthood have recently been identified, we have yet to quantify and understand individual differences in structural brain development. The present study examined inter-individual variability and sex differences in changes in brain structure, as assessed by anatomical MRI, across ages 8.0–26.0 years in 269 participants (149 females) with three time points of data (807 scans), drawn from three longitudinal datasets collected in the Netherlands, Norway, and USA. We further investigated the relationship between overall brain size and developmental changes, as well as how females and males differed in change variability across development. There was considerable inter-individual variability in the magnitude of changes observed for all examined brain measures. The majority of individuals demonstrated decreases in total gray matter volume, cortex volume, mean cortical thickness, and white matter surface area in mid-adolescence, with more variability present during the transition into adolescence and the transition into early adulthood. While most individuals demonstrated increases in white matter volume in early adolescence, this shifted to a majority demonstrating stability starting in mid-to-late adolescence. We observed sex differences in these patterns, and also an association between the size of an individual’s brain structure and the overall rate of change for the structure. The present study provides new insight as to the amount of individual variance in changes in structural morphometrics from late childhood to early adulthood in order to obtain a more nuanced picture of brain development. The observed individual- and sex-differences in brain changes also highlight the importance of further studying individual variation in developmental patterns in healthy, at-risk, and clinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn L Mills
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, USA; PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - Kimberly D Siegmund
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, USA
| | - Christian K Tamnes
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lia Ferschmann
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Lara M Wierenga
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, The Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke G N Bos
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, The Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, The Netherlands
| | - Beatriz Luna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, USA
| | - Megan M Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, USA.
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Hackman DA, Cserbik D, Chen JC, Berhane K, Minaravesh B, McConnell R, Herting MM. Association of Local Variation in Neighborhood Disadvantage in Metropolitan Areas With Youth Neurocognition and Brain Structure. JAMA Pediatr 2021; 175:e210426. [PMID: 33938908 PMCID: PMC8094040 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.0426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Importance Neighborhood disadvantage is an important social determinant of health in childhood and adolescence. Less is known about the association of neighborhood disadvantage with youth neurocognition and brain structure, and particularly whether associations are similar across metropolitan areas and are attributed to local differences in disadvantage. Objective To test whether neighborhood disadvantage is associated with youth neurocognitive performance and with global and regional measures of brain structure after adjusting for family socioeconomic status and perceptions of neighborhood characteristics, and to assess whether these associations (1) are pervasive or limited, (2) vary across metropolitan areas, and (3) are attributed to local variation in disadvantage within metropolitan areas. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study analyzed baseline data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, a cohort study conducted at 21 sites across the US. Participants were children aged 9.00 to 10.99 years at enrollment. They and their parent or caregiver completed a baseline visit between October 1, 2016, and October 31, 2018. Exposures Neighborhood disadvantage factor based on US census tract characteristics. Main Outcomes and Measures Neurocognition was measured with the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery, and T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess whole-brain and regional measures of structure. Linear mixed-effects models examined the association between neighborhood disadvantage and outcomes after adjusting for sociodemographic factors. Results Of the 11 875 children in the ABCD Study cohort, 8598 children (72.4%) were included in this analysis. The study sample had a mean (SD) age of 118.8 (7.4) months and included 4526 boys (52.6%). Every 1-unit increase in the neighborhood disadvantage factor was associated with lower performance on 6 of 7 subtests, such as Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention (unstandardized Β = -0.5; 95% CI, -0.7 to -0.2; false discovery rate (FDR)-corrected P = .001) and List Sorting Working Memory (unstandardized Β = -0.7; 95% CI, -1.0 to -0.3; FDR-corrected P < .001), as well as on all composite measures of neurocognition, such as the Total Cognition Composite (unstandardized Β = -0.7; 95% CI, -0.9 to -0.5; FDR-corrected P < .001). Each 1-unit increase in neighborhood disadvantage was associated with lower whole-brain cortical surface area (unstandardized Β = -692.6 mm2; 95% CI, -1154.9 to -230.4 mm2; FDR-corrected P = .007) and subcortical volume (unstandardized Β = -113.9 mm3; 95% CI, -198.5 to -29.4 mm3; FDR-corrected P = .03) as well as with regional surface area differences, primarily in the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes. Associations largely remained after adjusting for perceptions of neighborhood safety and were both consistent across metropolitan areas and primarily explained by local variation in each area. Conclusions and Relevance This study found that, in the US, local variation in neighborhood disadvantage was associated with lower neurocognitive performance and smaller cortical surface area and subcortical volume in young people. The findings demonstrate that neighborhood disadvantage is an environmental risk factor for neurodevelopmental and population health and enhancing the neighborhood context is a promising approach to improving the health and development of children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Hackman
- USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Dora Cserbik
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Jiu-Chiuan Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Kiros Berhane
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
| | - Bita Minaravesh
- USC Dornsife Spatial Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Rob McConnell
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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Chaarani B, Hahn S, Allgaier N, Adise S, Owens MM, Juliano AC, Yuan DK, Loso H, Ivanciu A, Albaugh MD, Dumas J, Mackey S, Laurent J, Ivanova M, Hagler DJ, Cornejo MD, Hatton S, Agrawal A, Aguinaldo L, Ahonen L, Aklin W, Anokhin AP, Arroyo J, Avenevoli S, Babcock D, Bagot K, Baker FC, Banich MT, Barch DM, Bartsch H, Baskin-Sommers A, Bjork JM, Blachman-Demner D, Bloch M, Bogdan R, Bookheimer SY, Breslin F, Brown S, Calabro FJ, Calhoun V, Casey BJ, Chang L, Clark DB, Cloak C, Constable RT, Constable K, Corley R, Cottler LB, Coxe S, Dagher RK, Dale AM, Dapretto M, Delcarmen-Wiggins R, Dick AS, Do EK, Dosenbach NUF, Dowling GJ, Edwards S, Ernst TM, Fair DA, Fan CC, Feczko E, Feldstein-Ewing SW, Florsheim P, Foxe JJ, Freedman EG, Friedman NP, Friedman-Hill S, Fuemmeler BF, Galvan A, Gee DG, Giedd J, Glantz M, Glaser P, Godino J, Gonzalez M, Gonzalez R, Grant S, Gray KM, Haist F, Harms MP, Hawes S, Heath AC, Heeringa S, Heitzeg MM, Hermosillo R, Herting MM, Hettema JM, Hewitt JK, Heyser C, Hoffman E, Howlett K, Huber RS, Huestis MA, Hyde LW, Iacono WG, Infante MA, Irfanoglu O, Isaiah A, Iyengar S, Jacobus J, James R, Jean-Francois B, Jernigan T, Karcher NR, Kaufman A, Kelley B, Kit B, Ksinan A, Kuperman J, Laird AR, Larson C, LeBlanc K, Lessov-Schlagger C, Lever N, Lewis DA, Lisdahl K, Little AR, Lopez M, Luciana M, Luna B, Madden PA, Maes HH, Makowski C, Marshall AT, Mason MJ, Matochik J, McCandliss BD, McGlade E, Montoya I, Morgan G, Morris A, Mulford C, Murray P, Nagel BJ, Neale MC, Neigh G, Nencka A, Noronha A, Nixon SJ, Palmer CE, Pariyadath V, Paulus MP, Pelham WE, Pfefferbaum D, Pierpaoli C, Prescot A, Prouty D, Puttler LI, Rajapaske N, Rapuano KM, Reeves G, Renshaw PF, Riedel MC, Rojas P, de la Rosa M, Rosenberg MD, Ross MJ, Sanchez M, Schirda C, Schloesser D, Schulenberg J, Sher KJ, Sheth C, Shilling PD, Simmons WK, Sowell ER, Speer N, Spittel M, Squeglia LM, Sripada C, Steinberg J, Striley C, Sutherland MT, Tanabe J, Tapert SF, Thompson W, Tomko RL, Uban KA, Vrieze S, Wade NE, Watts R, Weiss S, Wiens BA, Williams OD, Wilbur A, Wing D, Wolff-Hughes D, Yang R, Yurgelun-Todd DA, Zucker RA, Potter A, Garavan HP. Baseline brain function in the preadolescents of the ABCD Study. Nat Neurosci 2021; 24:1176-1186. [PMID: 34099922 PMCID: PMC8947197 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-021-00867-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study® is a 10-year longitudinal study of children recruited at ages 9 and 10. A battery of neuroimaging tasks are administered biennially to track neurodevelopment and identify individual differences in brain function. This study reports activation patterns from functional MRI (fMRI) tasks completed at baseline, which were designed to measure cognitive impulse control with a stop signal task (SST; N = 5,547), reward anticipation and receipt with a monetary incentive delay (MID) task (N = 6,657) and working memory and emotion reactivity with an emotional N-back (EN-back) task (N = 6,009). Further, we report the spatial reproducibility of activation patterns by assessing between-group vertex/voxelwise correlations of blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) activation. Analyses reveal robust brain activations that are consistent with the published literature, vary across fMRI tasks/contrasts and slightly correlate with individual behavioral performance on the tasks. These results establish the preadolescent brain function baseline, guide interpretation of cross-sectional analyses and will enable the investigation of longitudinal changes during adolescent development.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Chaarani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
| | - S Hahn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - N Allgaier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - S Adise
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - M M Owens
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - A C Juliano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - D K Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - H Loso
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - A Ivanciu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - M D Albaugh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - J Dumas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - S Mackey
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - J Laurent
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - M Ivanova
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - D J Hagler
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - M D Cornejo
- Institute of Physics UC, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Pontificia, Chile
| | - S Hatton
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - A Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - L Aguinaldo
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - L Ahonen
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - W Aklin
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A P Anokhin
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - J Arroyo
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - S Avenevoli
- National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - D Babcock
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - K Bagot
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - F C Baker
- SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - M T Banich
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - D M Barch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - H Bartsch
- Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - J M Bjork
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - D Blachman-Demner
- NIH Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M Bloch
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - R Bogdan
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - F Breslin
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - S Brown
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - F J Calabro
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - V Calhoun
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - L Chang
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D B Clark
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - C Cloak
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - K Constable
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - R Corley
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - S Coxe
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - R K Dagher
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A M Dale
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - M Dapretto
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - A S Dick
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - E K Do
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - N U F Dosenbach
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - G J Dowling
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - S Edwards
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - T M Ernst
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D A Fair
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - C C Fan
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - E Feczko
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | | | - J J Foxe
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - A Galvan
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - D G Gee
- Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J Giedd
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - M Glantz
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - P Glaser
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - J Godino
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - M Gonzalez
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - R Gonzalez
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - S Grant
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - K M Gray
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - F Haist
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - M P Harms
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - S Hawes
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - A C Heath
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - S Heeringa
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - R Hermosillo
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - M M Herting
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J M Hettema
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - J K Hewitt
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - C Heyser
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - E Hoffman
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - K Howlett
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - R S Huber
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - M A Huestis
- Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - L W Hyde
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - W G Iacono
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - M A Infante
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - O Irfanoglu
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A Isaiah
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Iyengar
- National Endowment for the Arts, Washington DC, USA
| | - J Jacobus
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - R James
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - B Jean-Francois
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - T Jernigan
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - N R Karcher
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - A Kaufman
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - B Kelley
- National Institute of Justice, Washington DC, USA
| | - B Kit
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A Ksinan
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - J Kuperman
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - A R Laird
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - C Larson
- University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - K LeBlanc
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - C Lessov-Schlagger
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - N Lever
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D A Lewis
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - K Lisdahl
- University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - A R Little
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M Lopez
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M Luciana
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - B Luna
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - P A Madden
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - H H Maes
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - C Makowski
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - A T Marshall
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M J Mason
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - J Matochik
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - E McGlade
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - I Montoya
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - G Morgan
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A Morris
- Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - C Mulford
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - P Murray
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - B J Nagel
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - M C Neale
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - G Neigh
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - A Nencka
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - A Noronha
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - S J Nixon
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - C E Palmer
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - V Pariyadath
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M P Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - W E Pelham
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - C Pierpaoli
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A Prescot
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - D Prouty
- SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | | | - N Rajapaske
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - G Reeves
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - M C Riedel
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - P Rojas
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - M de la Rosa
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - M J Ross
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - M Sanchez
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - C Schirda
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - D Schloesser
- NIH Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - K J Sher
- University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - C Sheth
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - P D Shilling
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - W K Simmons
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - E R Sowell
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - N Speer
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - M Spittel
- NIH Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - L M Squeglia
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - C Sripada
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - J Steinberg
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - C Striley
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - J Tanabe
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - S F Tapert
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - W Thompson
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - R L Tomko
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - K A Uban
- University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - S Vrieze
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - N E Wade
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - R Watts
- Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - S Weiss
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - B A Wiens
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - O D Williams
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - A Wilbur
- SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - D Wing
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - D Wolff-Hughes
- NIH Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - R Yang
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - R A Zucker
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - A Potter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - H P Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
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36
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Alves JM, Angelo BC, Zink J, Chow T, Yunker AG, Clark K, Luo S, Belcher BR, Herting MM, Dieli-Conwright CM, Xiang AH, Page KA. Child physical activity as a modifier of the relationship between prenatal exposure to maternal overweight/obesity and neurocognitive outcomes in offspring. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:1310-1320. [PMID: 33731834 PMCID: PMC8164988 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00794-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES With rising obesity rates among pregnant women, more children are exposed in utero to maternal obesity. In prior epidemiological studies, exposure to maternal obesity was associated with lower intelligence quotient (IQ) scores and worse cognitive abilities in offspring. Further studies have shown that offspring exposed to maternal obesity, exhibit differences in the white matter microstructure properties, fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD). In contrast, physical activity was shown to improve cognition and white matter microstructure during childhood. We examined if child physical activity levels modify the relationship between prenatal exposure to maternal obesity with IQ and white matter microstructure in offspring. SUBJECTS/METHODS One hundred children (59% girls) age 7-11 years underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging and IQ testing. Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was abstracted from electronic medical records. White matter was assessed using diffusion tensor imaging with the measures, global FA, MD. The 3-day physical activity recall was used to measure moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and vigorous physical activity (VPA). Linear regression was used to test for interactions between prenatal exposure to maternal overweight/obesity and child PA levels on child IQ and global FA/MD. RESULTS The relationship between prenatal exposure to maternal overweight/obesity and child IQ and global FA varied by child VPA levels. Children exposed to mothers with overweight/obesity who engaged in more VPA had higher IQ scores and global FA compared to exposed children who engaged in less VPA. Associations were independent of child age, sex, BMI Z-score and socioeconomic status. Children born to normal-weight mothers did not differ in either IQ or global FA by time in VPA. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support findings in rodent models and suggest that VPA during childhood modifies the relationship between prenatal exposure to maternal obesity and child IQ and white matter microstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin M Alves
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Brendan C Angelo
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Jennifer Zink
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Ting Chow
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, 91101, USA
| | - Alexandra G Yunker
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Kristi Clark
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Shan Luo
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Britni Ryan Belcher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Megan M Herting
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Christina M Dieli-Conwright
- Division of Population Sciences, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Anny H Xiang
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, 91101, USA
| | - Kathleen A Page
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
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Serrano-Gonzalez M, Herting MM, Lim SL, Sullivan NJ, Kim R, Espinoza J, Koppin CM, Javier JR, Kim MS, Luo S. Developmental Changes in Food Perception and Preference. Front Psychol 2021; 12:654200. [PMID: 34084148 PMCID: PMC8168465 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.654200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Food choices are a key determinant of dietary intake, with brain regions, such as the mesolimbic and prefrontal cortex maturing at differential rates into adulthood. More needs to be understood about developmental changes in healthy and unhealthy food perceptions and preference. We investigated how food perceptions and preference vary as a function of age and how food attributes (taste and health) impact age-related changes. One hundred thirty-nine participants (8–23 years, 60 females) completed computerized tasks to rate high-calorie and low-calorie food cues for taste, health, and liking (preference), followed by 100 binary food choices based on each participant’s ratings. Dietary self-control was considered successful when the healthier (vs. tastier) food was chosen. Self-control success ratio was the proportion of success trials over total number of choices. Beta-weights for health (β-health) and taste (β-taste) were calculated as each attribute’s influence on food preference. Adiposity measurements included BMI z-score and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). High-calorie foods were rated more tasty and less healthy with increasing age. Older participants liked high-calorie foods more (vs. younger participants), and β-taste was associated with age. Significant age-by-WHtR interactions were observed for health and taste ratings of high-calorie foods, β-taste, and marginally for preference of high-calorie foods. Stratifying by WHtR (high, low), we found age-related increases in taste and preference ratings of high-calorie foods in the high WHtR group alone. In contrast, age-related decreases in health ratings of high-calorie foods were significant in the low WHtR group alone. Age and β-taste were significantly associated in the high WHtR group and only marginally significant with low WHtR. Although participants rated low-calorie foods as less tasty and less healthy with increasing age, there was no association between age and preference for low-calorie foods. Participants made faster food choices with increasing age regardless of WHtR, with a significant age-by-WHtR interaction on reaction time (RT). There were no age-related effects in self-control success ratio and β-health. These results suggest that individual differences in age and central adiposity play an important role in preference for high-calorie foods, and a higher importance of food tastiness in food choice may contribute to greater preference for high-calorie foods with increasing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Serrano-Gonzalez
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.,Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hasbro Children's Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Megan M Herting
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Seung-Lark Lim
- Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | | | - Robert Kim
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Juan Espinoza
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Division of General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Christina M Koppin
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Joyce R Javier
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Division of General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mimi S Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Shan Luo
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Division of Endocrinology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Silk TJ, Herting MM, Wierenga LM, Vijayakumar N. Editorial: Understanding the Link Between the Developing Brain and Behavior in Adolescents. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:663454. [PMID: 34025378 PMCID: PMC8137812 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.663454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tim J. Silk
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lara M. Wierenga
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Nandita Vijayakumar
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Cheng TW, Magis-Weinberg L, Guazzelli Williamson V, Ladouceur CD, Whittle SL, Herting MM, Uban KA, Byrne ML, Barendse MEA, Shirtcliff EA, Pfeifer JH. A Researcher's Guide to the Measurement and Modeling of Puberty in the ABCD Study ® at Baseline. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:608575. [PMID: 34025573 PMCID: PMC8131843 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.608575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development℠ (ABCD) Study is an ongoing, diverse, longitudinal, and multi-site study of 11,880 adolescents in the United States. The ABCD Study provides open access to data about pubertal development at a large scale, and this article is a researcher's guide that both describes its pubertal variables and outlines recommendations for use. These considerations are contextualized with reference to cross-sectional empirical analyses of pubertal measures within the baseline ABCD dataset by Herting, Uban, and colleagues (2021). We discuss strategies to capitalize on strengths, mitigate weaknesses, and appropriately interpret study limitations for researchers using pubertal variables within the ABCD dataset, with the aim of building toward a robust science of adolescent development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa W. Cheng
- Developmental Social Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
| | - Lucía Magis-Weinberg
- Adolescent Research Collaborative, Institute of Human Development, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Victoria Guazzelli Williamson
- Developmental Social Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
| | - Cecile D. Ladouceur
- Cognitive-Affective Neuroscience and Development Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Sarah L. Whittle
- Social Affective Neurodevelopment, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Herting Laboratory, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kristina A. Uban
- Developing Brains Laboratory, Public Health & Institute for Interdisciplinary Salivary Bioscience Research, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Michelle L. Byrne
- Developmental Social Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Marjolein E. A. Barendse
- Developmental Social Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Shirtcliff
- Stress Physiology Investigative Team, Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Jennifer H. Pfeifer
- Developmental Social Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
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Luo S, Overholtzer LN, Lim SL, Kim E, Fraga N, Herting MM, Tanawattanacharoen VK, Geffner ME, Kim MS. Food Perception and Differences in Dietary Decision-Making in Youth With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia. J Endocr Soc 2021. [PMCID: PMC8089599 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Youth with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) have a higher prevalence of obesity, early adiposity rebound, and increased fat mass. Unsuccessful dietary self-control could contribute to obesity, and understanding food-seeking behavior could therefore guide prevention. Dietary decision-making involves key brain regions such as the limbic system and the prefrontal cortex, which are associated with choice and reward. These regions (i.e., prefrontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus) can be smaller in volume in CAH patients. However, little is known about dietary decision-making in CAH. We hypothesized that CAH youth would exhibit differences in dietary decision-making and aimed to study food choices in CAH youth compared to controls.
Methods: 37 CAH youth (12.2 ± 3.1 y, 60% male, BMIz 1.6 ± 0.8) and 100 controls (11.7 ± 2.4 y, 57% male, BMIz 0.9 ± 1.2) completed a behavioral computer-based food choice task. They rated 30 high- and 30 low-calorie food cues for tastiness, healthiness, and liking. Food pairs discordant for taste and health ratings were generated, and youth were asked to choose the item they wanted to eat. Cursor-trajectory analyses measured area under the curve (AUC) and maximum deviation time (MDT), with successful choice trials evident when the healthier food was chosen. Based on individual ratings for food cues, β-coefficients for ratings predicting food preference were generated.
Results: CAH youth and controls did not show differences in food ratings (P > 0.30 for all) or in the percentage of successful trials of total choice trials (P = 0.16). However, CAH youth showed larger mean AUCs compared to controls [T(135) = 2.15; P = 0.03] suggesting that they may experience more conflict and exert more cognitive effort in decision-making. CAH youth also had longer mean MDTs [T(102.3) = 2.59; P = 0.01] in successful choice trials, indicating a later time at which a final decision was made. β-health and β-taste predicting food preference did not differ between groups, and β-health was correlated with successful choice trials in both CAH (r = 0.38, P = 0.02) and controls (r = 0.48, P < 0.01). However, β-taste was negatively correlated with successful choice trials in controls only (r = -0.42, P < 0.01; CAH r = -0.22, P = 0.18).
Conclusion: Although youth with and without CAH had similar perceptions of food, CAH youth may exert greater cognitive effort and experience more conflict in dietary decision-making. This could suggest that factors inherent to CAH such as abnormal neural pathways, or disease treatment, could affect the cognitive control of food choices in CAH youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Luo
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Seung-Lark Lim
- University of Missouri–Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Elaine Kim
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicole Fraga
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Mimi S Kim
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Serrano-Gonzalez M, Lim SL, Sullivan N, Kim R, Herting MM, Espinoza J, Koppin C, Javier JR, Luo S, Kim MS. Developmental Changes in Food Perception and Preference. J Endocr Soc 2021. [PMCID: PMC8089994 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvab048.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Food choices are a key determinant of dietary intake, with involved brain regions such as the mesolimbic and prefrontal cortex maturing at a differential rate from childhood to young adulthood. However, developmental changes in healthy and unhealthy food perception and preference remain poorly understood. We aimed to understand this gap by investigating whether perceptions and preferences for food vary as a function of age, and how specific food attributes (i.e., taste and health) impact these age-related changes. We hypothesized that there would be an inverted U-shaped relationship between age and preference for high-calorie foods. As well, we expected that both dietary self-control and the decision weight of the health attribute would increase with age. One hundred thirty-nine participants aged 8–23 years (79 males, 60 females) participated in this study. They completed computerized rating tasks to assess taste, health, and liking (or preference) of high-calorie and low-calorie foods, followed by 100 binary food choices based on each participant’s individual ratings for taste and health. Among the 100 pairs, 75 were deemed challenge trials, where one food had a higher taste rating but a lower health rating than the other food item. Dietary self-control was considered successful when the healthier food cue in the challenge trial was chosen, and self-control success ratio (SCSR) was computed as the proportion of self-control success trials over the total number of choices. Results showed that high-calorie foods were rated as more tasty (r = 0.32, p < 0.001) and less healthy (r = -0.22, p < 0.01) with increasing age. As well, older participants wanted to eat high-calorie foods more than the younger participants (r = 0.29, p = 0.001). Furthermore, older age was associated with an increased decision weight of taste attribute on food preferences (r = 0.26, p = 0.002), suggesting that the taste attribute may contribute to the age-related increases in preference for high-calorie foods. Although participants rated low-calorie foods as less tasty (r = -0.17, p = 0.04) and less healthy (r= -0.31, p < 0.001) with increasing age, there was no significant association between age and preference for low-calorie foods. Participants made faster food choices with increasing age (r= -0.31, p < 0.001), which was driven by failed self-control choices (r = -0.23, p = 0.006). There was no significant association between age and SCSR (p = 0.5). Our results are consistent with other studies that demonstrate age-related increases in consumption of calorie-dense foods in youth, and suggest that age may be more relevant to preference for high-calorie than low-calorie foods. Future studies are merited to investigate the neurobiology underlying these developmental changes in food perceptions and preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Serrano-Gonzalez
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Hasbro Children’s Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Seung-Lark Lim
- University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | | | - Robert Kim
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Juan Espinoza
- Keck School of Medicine of USC/Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Joyce R Javier
- Keck School of Medicine of USC/Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shan Luo
- Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mimi S Kim
- Keck School of Medicine of USC/Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Prathap S, Nagel BJ, Herting MM. Understanding the role of aerobic fitness, spatial learning, and hippocampal subfields in adolescent males. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9311. [PMID: 33927247 PMCID: PMC8084987 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88452-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise during adolescence, a critical developmental window, can facilitate neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus and astrogliogenesis in Cornu Ammonis (CA) hippocampal subfields of rats, and which have been associated with improved hippocampal dependent memory performance. Recent translational studies in humans also suggest that aerobic fitness is associated with hippocampal volume and better spatial memory during adolescence. However, associations between fitness, hippocampal subfield morphology, and learning capabilities in human adolescents remain largely unknown. Employing a translational study design in 34 adolescent males, we explored the relationship between aerobic fitness, hippocampal subfield volumes, and both spatial and verbal memory. Aerobic fitness, assessed by peak oxygen utilization on a high-intensity exercise test (VO2 peak), was positively associated with the volumetric enlargement of the hippocampal head, and the CA1 head region specifically. Larger CA1 volumes were also associated with spatial learning on a Virtual Morris Water Maze task and verbal learning on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, but not recall memory. In line with previous animal work, the current findings lend support for the long-axis specialization of the hippocampus in the areas of exercise and learning during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Prathap
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90023, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90023, USA
| | - Bonnie J Nagel
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Megan M Herting
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90023, USA.
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Backhausen LL, Herting MM, Tamnes CK, Vetter NC. Best Practices in Structural Neuroimaging of Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Neuropsychol Rev 2021; 32:400-418. [PMID: 33893904 PMCID: PMC9090677 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-021-09496-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) offers immense potential for increasing our understanding of how anatomical brain development relates to clinical symptoms and functioning in neurodevelopmental disorders. Clinical developmental sMRI may help identify neurobiological risk factors or markers that may ultimately assist in diagnosis and treatment. However, researchers and clinicians aiming to conduct sMRI studies of neurodevelopmental disorders face several methodological challenges. This review offers hands-on guidelines for clinical developmental sMRI. First, we present brain morphometry metrics and review evidence on typical developmental trajectories throughout adolescence, together with atypical trajectories in selected neurodevelopmental disorders. Next, we discuss challenges and good scientific practices in study design, image acquisition and analysis, and recent options to implement quality control. Finally, we discuss choices related to statistical analysis and interpretation of results. We call for greater completeness and transparency in the reporting of methods to advance understanding of structural brain alterations in neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea L. Backhausen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine of the Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Christian K. Tamnes
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nora C. Vetter
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine of the Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Toledo-Corral CM, Alderete TL, Herting MM, Habre R, Peterson AK, Lurmann F, Goran MI, Weigensberg MJ, Gilliland FD. Ambient air pollutants are associated with morning serum cortisol in overweight and obese Latino youth in Los Angeles. Environ Health 2021; 20:39. [PMID: 33832509 PMCID: PMC8034084 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-021-00713-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis dysfunction has been associated with a variety of mental health and cardio-metabolic disorders. While causal models of HPA-axis dysregulation have been largely focused on either pre-existing health conditions or psychosocial stress factors, recent evidence suggests a possible role for central nervous system activation via air pollutants, such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3) and particulate matter (PM). Therefore, in an observational study of Latino youth, we investigated if monthly ambient NO2, O3, and PM with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 (PM2.5) exposure were associated with morning serum cortisol levels. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, morning serum cortisol level was assessed after a supervised overnight fast in 203 overweight and obese Latino children and adolescents (female/male: 88/115; mean age: 11.1 ± 1.7 years; pre-pubertal/pubertal/post-pubertal: 85/101/17; BMI z-score: 2.1 ± 0.4). Cumulative concentrations of NO2, O3 and PM2.5 were spatially interpolated at the residential addresses based on measurements from community monitors up to 12 months prior to testing. Single and multi-pollutant linear effects models were used to test the cumulative monthly lag effects of NO2, O3, and PM2.5 on morning serum cortisol levels after adjusting for age, sex, seasonality, social position, pubertal status, and body fat percent by DEXA. RESULTS Single and multi-pollutant models showed that higher O3 exposure (derived from maximum 8-h exposure windows) in the prior 1-7 months was associated with higher serum morning cortisol (p < 0.05) and longer term PM2.5 exposure (4-10 months) was associated with lower serum morning cortisol levels (p < 0.05). Stratification by pubertal status showed associations in pre-pubertal children compared to pubertal and post-pubertal children. Single, but not multi-pollutant, models showed that higher NO2 over the 4-10 month exposure period associated with lower morning serum cortisol (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Chronic ambient NO2, O3 and PM2.5 differentially associate with HPA-axis dysfunction, a mechanism that may serve as an explanatory pathway in the relationship between ambient air pollution and metabolic health of youth living in polluted urban environments. Further research that uncovers how ambient air pollutants may differentially contribute to HPA-axis dysfunction are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Toledo-Corral
- Department of Health Sciences, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, 91330, USA.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Environmental Health Division, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA.
| | - T L Alderete
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, USA
| | - M M Herting
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Environmental Health Division, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA
| | - R Habre
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Environmental Health Division, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA
| | - A K Peterson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Environmental Health Division, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA
| | - F Lurmann
- Sonoma Technology, Inc., Petaluma, USA
| | - M I Goran
- Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA
| | - M J Weigensberg
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA
| | - F D Gilliland
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Environmental Health Division, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA
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Herting MM, Uban KA, Gonzalez MR, Baker FC, Kan EC, Thompson WK, Granger DA, Albaugh MD, Anokhin AP, Bagot KS, Banich MT, Barch DM, Baskin-Sommers A, Breslin FJ, Casey BJ, Chaarani B, Chang L, Clark DB, Cloak CC, Constable RT, Cottler LB, Dagher RK, Dapretto M, Dick AS, Dosenbach N, Dowling GJ, Dumas JA, Edwards S, Ernst T, Fair DA, Feldstein-Ewing SW, Freedman EG, Fuemmeler BF, Garavan H, Gee DG, Giedd JN, Glaser PEA, Goldstone A, Gray KM, Hawes SW, Heath AC, Heitzeg MM, Hewitt JK, Heyser CJ, Hoffman EA, Huber RS, Huestis MA, Hyde LW, Infante MA, Ivanova MY, Jacobus J, Jernigan TL, Karcher NR, Laird AR, LeBlanc KH, Lisdahl K, Luciana M, Luna B, Maes HH, Marshall AT, Mason MJ, McGlade EC, Morris AS, Nagel BJ, Neigh GN, Palmer CE, Paulus MP, Potter AS, Puttler LI, Rajapakse N, Rapuano K, Reeves G, Renshaw PF, Schirda C, Sher KJ, Sheth C, Shilling PD, Squeglia LM, Sutherland MT, Tapert SF, Tomko RL, Yurgelun-Todd D, Wade NE, Weiss SRB, Zucker RA, Sowell ER. Correspondence Between Perceived Pubertal Development and Hormone Levels in 9-10 Year-Olds From the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 11:549928. [PMID: 33679599 PMCID: PMC7930488 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.549928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To examine individual variability between perceived physical features and hormones of pubertal maturation in 9-10-year-old children as a function of sociodemographic characteristics. Methods Cross-sectional metrics of puberty were utilized from the baseline assessment of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study-a multi-site sample of 9-10 year-olds (n = 11,875)-and included perceived physical features via the pubertal development scale (PDS) and child salivary hormone levels (dehydroepiandrosterone and testosterone in all, and estradiol in females). Multi-level models examined the relationships among sociodemographic measures, physical features, and hormone levels. A group factor analysis (GFA) was implemented to extract latent variables of pubertal maturation that integrated both measures of perceived physical features and hormone levels. Results PDS summary scores indicated more males (70%) than females (31%) were prepubertal. Perceived physical features and hormone levels were significantly associated with child's weight status and income, such that more mature scores were observed among children that were overweight/obese or from households with low-income. Results from the GFA identified two latent factors that described individual differences in pubertal maturation among both females and males, with factor 1 driven by higher hormone levels, and factor 2 driven by perceived physical maturation. The correspondence between latent factor 1 scores (hormones) and latent factor 2 scores (perceived physical maturation) revealed synchronous and asynchronous relationships between hormones and concomitant physical features in this large young adolescent sample. Conclusions Sociodemographic measures were associated with both objective hormone and self-report physical measures of pubertal maturation in a large, diverse sample of 9-10 year-olds. The latent variables of pubertal maturation described a complex interplay between perceived physical changes and hormone levels that hallmark sexual maturation, which future studies can examine in relation to trajectories of brain maturation, risk/resilience to substance use, and other mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M. Herting
- Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kristina A. Uban
- Public Health, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Salivary Bioscience Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Marybel Robledo Gonzalez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Research on Children, Youth, and Families, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Fiona C. Baker
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Eric C. Kan
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Research on Children, Youth, and Families, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Wesley K. Thompson
- Division of Biostatistics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Douglas A. Granger
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Salivary Bioscience Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Social Ecology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, CA, United States
| | - Matthew D. Albaugh
- Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Andrey P. Anokhin
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Kara S. Bagot
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Marie T. Banich
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Deanna M. Barch
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | | | | | - B. J. Casey
- Department of Psychology, University of Yale, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Bader Chaarani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Linda Chang
- Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Duncan B. Clark
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Christine C. Cloak
- Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - R. Todd Constable
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of Yale, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Linda B. Cottler
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Rada K. Dagher
- Division of Scientific Programs, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Mirella Dapretto
- Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Anthony S. Dick
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Nico Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Gayathri J. Dowling
- Division of Extramural Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Julie A. Dumas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Sarah Edwards
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Thomas Ernst
- Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Damien A. Fair
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | | | - Edward G. Freedman
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Bernard F. Fuemmeler
- Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmon, VA, United States
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Dylan G. Gee
- Department of Psychology, University of Yale, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jay N. Giedd
- Department of Psychiatry, University of San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Paul E. A. Glaser
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Aimee Goldstone
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Kevin M. Gray
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Samuel W. Hawes
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Andrew C. Heath
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Mary M. Heitzeg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - John K. Hewitt
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Charles J. Heyser
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Hoffman
- Division of Extramural Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Rebekah S. Huber
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Marilyn A. Huestis
- Medical Cannabis & Science Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Luke W. Hyde
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - M. Alejandra Infante
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Masha Y. Ivanova
- Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Joanna Jacobus
- Department of Psychiatry, University of San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Terry L. Jernigan
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Nicole R. Karcher
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Angela R. Laird
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Kimberly H. LeBlanc
- Division of Extramural Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Krista Lisdahl
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Monica Luciana
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Beatriz Luna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Hermine H. Maes
- Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VT, United States
| | - Andrew T. Marshall
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Michael J. Mason
- Center for Behavioral Health Research, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Erin C. McGlade
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Amanda S. Morris
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States
- Human Development and Family Science, Oklahoma State University, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - Bonnie J. Nagel
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Gretchen N. Neigh
- Anatomy & Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VT, United States
| | - Clare E. Palmer
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | | | - Alexandra S. Potter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Leon I. Puttler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Nishadi Rajapakse
- Division of Scientific Programs, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kristina Rapuano
- Department of Psychology, University of Yale, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Gloria Reeves
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Perry F. Renshaw
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Claudiu Schirda
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Kenneth J. Sher
- Department of Psychology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Chandni Sheth
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Paul D. Shilling
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Lindsay M. Squeglia
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Matthew T. Sutherland
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Susan F. Tapert
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Rachel L. Tomko
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Deborah Yurgelun-Todd
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Natasha E. Wade
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Susan R. B. Weiss
- Division of Extramural Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Robert A. Zucker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Elizabeth R. Sowell
- Research on Children, Youth, and Families, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Palmer CE, Sheth C, Marshall AT, Adise S, Baker FC, Chang L, Clark DB, Coronado C, Dagher RK, Diaz V, Dowling GJ, Gonzalez MR, Haist F, Herting MM, Huber RS, Jernigan TL, LeBlanc K, Lee K, Lisdahl KM, Neigh G, Patterson MW, Renshaw P, Rhee KE, Tapert S, Thompson WK, Uban K, Sowell ER, Yurgelun-Todd D. A Comprehensive Overview of the Physical Health of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study Cohort at Baseline. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:734184. [PMID: 34692610 PMCID: PMC8526338 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.734184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical health in childhood is crucial for neurobiological as well as overall development, and can shape long-term outcomes into adulthood. The landmark, longitudinal Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development StudySM (ABCD study®), was designed to investigate brain development and health in almost 12,000 youth who were recruited when they were 9-10 years old and will be followed through adolescence and early adulthood. The overall goal of this paper is to provide descriptive analyses of physical health measures in the ABCD study at baseline, including but not limited to sleep, physical activity and sports involvement, and body mass index. Further this summary will describe how physical health measures collected from the ABCD cohort compare with current normative data and clinical guidelines. We propose this data set has the potential to facilitate clinical recommendations and inform national standards of physical health in this age group. This manuscript will also provide important information for ABCD users and help guide analyses investigating physical health including new avenues for health disparity research as it pertains to adolescent and young adult development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare E Palmer
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Chandni Sheth
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Andrew T Marshall
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Shana Adise
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Fiona C Baker
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Linda Chang
- Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Duncan B Clark
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Clarisa Coronado
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Rada K Dagher
- Division of Scientific Programs, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Vanessa Diaz
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Gayathri J Dowling
- Division of Extramural Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Marybel R Gonzalez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Frank Haist
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Megan M Herting
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Rebekah S Huber
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Terry L Jernigan
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Kimberly LeBlanc
- Division of Extramural Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Karen Lee
- Child Development and Behavior Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Krista M Lisdahl
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Gretchen Neigh
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VT, United States
| | - Megan W Patterson
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Perry Renshaw
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Kyung E Rhee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Susan Tapert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Wesley K Thompson
- Population Neuroscience and Genetics Lab, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Kristina Uban
- Public Health, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Elizabeth R Sowell
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Deborah Yurgelun-Todd
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
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Chen D, Strang JF, Kolbuck VD, Rosenthal SM, Wallen K, Waber DP, Steinberg L, Sisk CL, Ross J, Paus T, Mueller SC, McCarthy MM, Micevych PE, Martin CL, Kreukels BPC, Kenworthy L, Herting MM, Herlitz A, Haraldsen IRJH, Dahl R, Crone EA, Chelune GJ, Burke SM, Berenbaum SA, Beltz AM, Bakker J, Eliot L, Vilain E, Wallace GL, Nelson EE, Garofalo R. Consensus Parameter: Research Methodologies to Evaluate Neurodevelopmental Effects of Pubertal Suppression in Transgender Youth. Transgend Health 2020; 5:246-257. [PMID: 33376803 PMCID: PMC7759272 DOI: 10.1089/trgh.2020.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Pubertal suppression is standard of care for early pubertal transgender youth to prevent the development of undesired and distressing secondary sex characteristics incongruent with gender identity. Preliminary evidence suggests pubertal suppression improves mental health functioning. Given the widespread changes in brain and cognition that occur during puberty, a critical question is whether this treatment impacts neurodevelopment. Methods: A Delphi consensus procedure engaged 24 international experts in neurodevelopment, gender development, puberty/adolescence, neuroendocrinology, and statistics/psychometrics to identify priority research methodologies to address the empirical question: is pubertal suppression treatment associated with real-world neurocognitive sequelae? Recommended study approaches reaching 80% consensus were included in the consensus parameter. Results: The Delphi procedure identified 160 initial expert recommendations, 44 of which ultimately achieved consensus. Consensus study design elements include the following: a minimum of three measurement time points, pubertal staging at baseline, statistical modeling of sex in analyses, use of analytic approaches that account for heterogeneity, and use of multiple comparison groups to minimize the limitations of any one group. Consensus study comparison groups include untreated transgender youth matched on pubertal stage, cisgender (i.e., gender congruent) youth matched on pubertal stage, and an independent sample from a large-scale youth development database. The consensus domains for assessment includes: mental health, executive function/cognitive control, and social awareness/functioning. Conclusion: An international interdisciplinary team of experts achieved consensus around primary methods and domains for assessing neurodevelopmental effects (i.e., benefits and/or difficulties) of pubertal suppression treatment in transgender youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Chen
- Potocsnak Family Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Pritzker Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - John F Strang
- Division of Neuropsychology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Center for Neuroscience, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Department of Neurology, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Victoria D Kolbuck
- Potocsnak Family Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Stephen M Rosenthal
- Division of Endocrinology, Benioff Children's Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kim Wallen
- Department of Psychology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Deborah P Waber
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laurence Steinberg
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cheryl L Sisk
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Judith Ross
- Nemours duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tomas Paus
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sven C Mueller
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Personality, Psychological Assessment and Treatment, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Margaret M McCarthy
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Paul E Micevych
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Carol L Martin
- School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Baudewijntje P C Kreukels
- Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Department of Medical Psychology and Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lauren Kenworthy
- Division of Neuropsychology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Center for Neuroscience, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Department of Neurology, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Megan M Herting
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Agneta Herlitz
- Section of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Ronald Dahl
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Eveline A Crone
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Brain and Development Research Center, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gordon J Chelune
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Sarah M Burke
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Brain and Development Research Center, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sheri A Berenbaum
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Adriene M Beltz
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Julie Bakker
- GIGA Neurosciences, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
| | - Lise Eliot
- Department of Neuroscience, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine & Science, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Eric Vilain
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Epigenetics, Data, & Politics at Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France
| | - Gregory L Wallace
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Science, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Eric E Nelson
- Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Robert Garofalo
- Potocsnak Family Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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48
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Campbell CE, Mezher AF, Eckel SP, Tyszka JM, Pauli WM, Nagel BJ, Herting MM. Restructuring of amygdala subregion apportion across adolescence. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2020; 48:100883. [PMID: 33476872 PMCID: PMC7820032 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2020.100883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Total amygdala volumes develop in association with sex and puberty, and postmortem studies find neuronal numbers increase in a nuclei specific fashion across development. Thus, amygdala subregions and composition may evolve with age. Our goal was to examine if amygdala subregion absolute volumes and/or relative proportion varies as a function of age, sex, or puberty in a large sample of typically developing adolescents (N = 408, 43 % female, 10-17 years). Utilizing the in vivo CIT168 atlas, we quantified 9 subregions and implemented Generalized Additive Mixed Models to capture potential non-linear associations with age and pubertal status between sexes. Only males showed significant age associations with the basolateral ventral and paralaminar subdivision (BLVPL), central nucleus (CEN), and amygdala transition area (ATA). Again, only males showed relative differences in the proportion of the BLVPL, CEN, ATA, along with lateral (LA) and amygdalostriatal transition area (ASTA), with age. Using a best-fit modeling approach, age, and not puberty, was found to drive these associations. The results suggest that amygdala subregions show unique variations with age in males across adolescence. Future research is warranted to determine if our findings may contribute to sex differences in mental health that emerge across adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Campbell
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-2520, USA
| | - Adam F Mezher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-2520, USA
| | - Sandrah P Eckel
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - J Michael Tyszka
- Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Wolfgang M Pauli
- Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Bonnie J Nagel
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239-3098, USA
| | - Megan M Herting
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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Kim MS, Luo S, Azad A, Campbell CE, Felix K, Cabeen RP, Belcher BR, Kim R, Serrano-Gonzalez M, Herting MM. Prefrontal Cortex and Amygdala Subregion Morphology Are Associated With Obesity and Dietary Self-control in Children and Adolescents. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:563415. [PMID: 33343315 PMCID: PMC7744283 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.563415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A prefrontal control system that is less mature than the limbic reward system in adolescence is thought to impede self-regulatory abilities, which could contribute to poor dietary choices and obesity. We, therefore, aimed to examine whether structural morphology of the prefrontal cortex (PFC; involved in cognitive control) and the amygdala (a key brain region for reward-related processing) are associated with dietary decisions and obesity in children and adolescents. Seventy-one individuals between the ages of 8-22 years (17.35 ± 4.76 years, 51% female, 56% were overweight or obese) participated in this study; each participant completed a computer-based food choice task and a T1- and T2-weighted structural brain scans. Two indices of obesity were assessed, including age- and sex-specific body mass index (BMIz) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). The behavioral task included rating 60 food stimuli for tastiness, healthiness, and liking. Based on each participant's self-ratings, 100 binary food choices were then made utilizing a computer mouse. Dietary "self-control" was calculated as the proportion of trials where the individual chose the healthier food item (vs. the tastier food item) over the total number of trials. Cortical thickness and amygdala subnuclei volumes were quantified using FreeSurfer 6.0 and CIT168 atlas, respectively. We found that WHtR was negatively associated with the thickness of bilateral superior frontal, left superior temporal, right insula, and right inferior temporal regions (p < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons). We also found WHtR to be positively associated with the volume of the central nucleus (CEN) region of the amygdala (p = 0.006), after adjusting for the hemisphere, age, sex, and intracranial volumes. A similar data pattern was observed when BMIz was used. Moreover, we found that across all participants, thinner right superior frontal cortex and larger left CEN volumes predicted lower dietary self-control. These results suggest that differential development of the PFC and amygdala relate to obesity and dietary self-control. Further longitudinal studies are merited to determine causal relationships among altered PFC to amygdala neural circuitry, dietary self-control, and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimi S Kim
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,The Saban Research Institute at Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Shan Luo
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Anisa Azad
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Claire E Campbell
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kimberly Felix
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Ryan P Cabeen
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Britni R Belcher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Robert Kim
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Monica Serrano-Gonzalez
- Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Megan M Herting
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Cserbik D, Chen JC, McConnell R, Berhane K, Sowell ER, Schwartz J, Hackman DA, Kan E, Fan CC, Herting MM. Fine particulate matter exposure during childhood relates to hemispheric-specific differences in brain structure. Environ Int 2020; 143:105933. [PMID: 32659528 PMCID: PMC7708513 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging findings have increased concern that exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution (aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm; PM2.5) may be neurotoxic, even at lower levels of exposure. Yet, additional studies are needed to determine if exposure to current PM2.5 levels may be linked to hemispheric and regional patterns of brain development in children across the United States. OBJECTIVES We examined the cross-sectional associations between geocoded measures of concurrent annual average outdoor PM2.5 exposure, regional- and hemisphere-specific differences in brain morphometry and cognition in 10,343 9- and 10- year-old children. METHODS High-resolution structural T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and NIH Toolbox measures of cognition were collected from children at ages 9-10 years. FreeSurfer was used to quantify cortical surface area, cortical thickness, as well as subcortical and cerebellum volumes in each hemisphere. PM2.5 concentrations were estimated using an ensemble-based model approach and assigned to each child's primary residential address collected at the study visit. We used mixed-effects models to examine regional- and hemispheric- effects of PM2.5 exposure on brain estimates and cognition after considering nesting of participants by familial relationships and study site, adjustment for socio-demographic factors and multiple comparisons. RESULTS Annual residential PM2.5 exposure (7.63 ± 1.57 µg/m3) was associated with hemispheric specific differences in gray matter across cortical regions of the frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital lobes as well as subcortical and cerebellum brain regions. There were hemispheric-specific associations between PM2.5 exposures and cortical surface area in 9/31 regions; cortical thickness in 22/27 regions; and volumes of the thalamus, pallidum, and nucleus accumbens. We found neither significant associations between PM2.5 and task performance on individual measures of neurocognition nor evidence that sex moderated the observed associations. DISCUSSION Even at relatively low-levels, current PM2.5 exposure across the U.S. may be an important environmental factor influencing patterns of structural brain development in childhood. Prospective follow-up of this cohort will help determine how current levels of PM2.5 exposure may affect brain development and subsequent risk for cognitive and emotional problems across adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Cserbik
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90063, USA
| | - Jiu-Chiuan Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90063, USA; Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90063, USA
| | - Rob McConnell
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90063, USA
| | - Kiros Berhane
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Sowell
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel A Hackman
- USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Eric Kan
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Chun C Fan
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Megan M Herting
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90063, USA; Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA.
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