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Oh HM, Cho CK, Lee NH, Son CG. Experimental evidence for anti-metastatic actions of apigenin: a mini review. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1380194. [PMID: 38515580 PMCID: PMC10954815 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1380194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is responsible for the majority of cancer-related deaths. Accordingly, to reduce metastasis remains a vital challenge in clinical practice, and phytochemicals have taken an attention as anti-metastatic agents. Apigenin, a plant flavone, showed anti-cancer effects against in various animal models, moreover its potentials inhibiting tumor metastasis have been reported. Herein, we analyzed the overall features at what apigenin inhibited metastasis and its action modes. We searched for articles in MEDLINE (Pubmed), EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) through March 2023. Total 6 animal studies presented anti-metastatic effects of apigenin using 5 difference experimental models, while the mechanisms involved modulations of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), angiogenesis, and various metastasis-related signaling pathways. This review provides an overall potential of apigenin as a candidate reducing the risk of cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Muk Oh
- College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- East-West Cancer Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong-Kwan Cho
- College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- East-West Cancer Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hun Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- East-West Cancer Center, Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- East-West Cancer Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Bae HR, Kim EJ, Ahn YC, Cho JH, Son CG, Lee NH. Efficacy of Moxibustion for Cancer-Related Fatigue in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Integr Cancer Ther 2024; 23:15347354241233226. [PMID: 38372234 PMCID: PMC10878217 DOI: 10.1177/15347354241233226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, and most patients experience fatigue. However, there are no effective treatments for cancer-related fatigue (CRF). Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have suggested that moxibustion improves CRF. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the differences in fatigue scale scores, quality of life, and clinical efficacy in patients with breast cancer who developed CRF and did versus did not receive moxibustion. METHODS RCTs were searched in 7 databases using a standardized search method from database inception to March 2023, and RCTs that met the inclusion criteria were selected. RESULTS Among 1337 initially identified RCTs, 10 RCTs involving 744 participants were selected for this study. The meta-analysis involved assessment of the revised Piper Fatigue Scale scores, Cancer Fatigue Scale scores, Karnofsky Performance Scale scores, Athens Insomnia Scale scores, clinical efficacy, and Qi deficiency syndrome scale scores. Compared with the control, moxibustion was associated with significantly better Piper Fatigue Scale scores (P < 0.0001), quality of life [Karnofsky Performance Scale scores (P < 0.0001)], clinical efficacy (P = 0.0007), and Qi deficiency syndrome scale scores (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Moxibustion improves CRF in patients with breast cancer. The efficacy of moxibustion should be further examined by high-quality studies in various countries with patients subdivided by their breast cancer treatment status. REGISTRATION PROSPERO ID: CRD42023451292.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Ri Bae
- East-West Cancer Center, Cheonan Korean Medical Hospital, Daejeon University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Kim
- East-West Cancer Center, Cheonan Korean Medical Hospital, Daejeon University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yo-Chan Ahn
- Department of Health Service Management, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyo Cho
- East-West Cancer Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- East-West Cancer Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hun Lee
- East-West Cancer Center, Cheonan Korean Medical Hospital, Daejeon University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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Lee NH, Jeong SJ, Wang JH, Choi YJ, Oh HM, Cho JH, Ahn YC, Son CG. The Clinical Diagnosis-Based Nationwide Epidemiology of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Liver Disease in Korea. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7634. [PMID: 38137703 PMCID: PMC10744038 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although most epidemiological studies have been conducted using a relatively small population or subjects who had medical screenings, the present study aimed to investigate the incidence and prevalence of MASLD (formerly NAFLD) in Korea using nationwide registry data provided by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA). METHODS Using nationwide medical records provided by HIRA, we analyzed the entire dataset of patients with MASL (KCD10-K76.0) and MASH (KCD10-K75.8) from 2010 to 2021 and calculated the incidence and prevalence by year, age, and gender. The prevalence and incidence rates were calculated by analyzing the HIRA data covering almost the entire population of Korea for 12 years, from 2010 to 2021, with an average population of 50,856,244 during this period. Statistical analyses included calculating confidence intervals using Ulm's formula and conducting sex- and age-specific analyses with a Cochran-Armitage test for trends. RESULTS The annual incidence of MASL/MASH increased significantly from 9.71/0.37 in 2010 to 13.95/5.52 per 1000 persons in 2021 (p < 0.01). The annual prevalence of MASL increased from 15.69 in 2010 to 34.23 per 1000 persons in 2021, while the annual prevalence of MASH increased from 0.49 to 9.79 per 1000 persons between 2010 and 2021 (p < 0.01). Regarding the sex-dimorphic feature of MASLD, there was a male predominance in those < 50 years old but a female predominance in those ≥ 50 years old for the incidence and prevalence of MASL and the incidence of MASH. CONCLUSION The incidence of MASL increased by 3% to 4% every year, while the incidence of MASH increased 14.91-fold from 2010 to 2021. The increasing trend is noteworthy compared with previous reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam-Hun Lee
- East-West Cancer Center, Cheonan Korean Medical Hospital, Daejeon University, 4 Notaesan-ro, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si 31099, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seok-Ju Jeong
- Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service, Dunsanbuk-ro 121, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35236, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jing-Hua Wang
- Liver-Immunology Research Center, Daejeon University, 176 Daedeok-daero, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35235, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.W.); (Y.-J.C.); (H.-M.O.); (J.-H.C.)
| | - Yu-Jin Choi
- Liver-Immunology Research Center, Daejeon University, 176 Daedeok-daero, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35235, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.W.); (Y.-J.C.); (H.-M.O.); (J.-H.C.)
| | - Hyeon-Muk Oh
- Liver-Immunology Research Center, Daejeon University, 176 Daedeok-daero, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35235, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.W.); (Y.-J.C.); (H.-M.O.); (J.-H.C.)
| | - Jung-Hyo Cho
- Liver-Immunology Research Center, Daejeon University, 176 Daedeok-daero, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35235, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.W.); (Y.-J.C.); (H.-M.O.); (J.-H.C.)
| | - Yo-Chan Ahn
- Department of Health Service Management, Daejeon University, 62 Daehak-ro, Dong-gu, Daejeon 35620, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Liver-Immunology Research Center, Daejeon University, 176 Daedeok-daero, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35235, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.W.); (Y.-J.C.); (H.-M.O.); (J.-H.C.)
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Park CR, Bae HR, Lee GY, Son CG, Cho JH, Cho CK, Lee NH. Feasibility of combination of Gun-Chil-Jung and cytokine-induced killer cells-based immunotherapy for terminal hepatocellular carcinoma patient: a case report. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1203379. [PMID: 37719842 PMCID: PMC10502300 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1203379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Terminal-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is inoperable and currently has no form of adjuvant therapy. This study examined the anticancer herbal extract Gun-Chil-Jung (GCJ) combined with cytokine-induced killer (CIK)-cell-based immunotherapy as a palliative therapy for terminal HCC. We report the case of an HCC patient with extended overall survival and improved symptoms and tumor marker levels following combination therapy with GCJ and CIK cell-based immunotherapy. Baseline Characteristics: From March to July 2020, a 57-year-old man who had been diagnosed with HCC underwent combination treatment with GCJ and CIK cell-based immunotherapy. By August 2021, he was prescribed GCJ. After treatment, the patient's condition was evaluated with respect to overall survival, tumor markers, symptoms, abdominal computed tomography findings, chest x-ray results, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) grade. Results: The patient's overall survival, tumor marker levels, ECOG grade, and symptoms, including ascites, lower limb edema, jaundice, pleural effusion, and fatigue, were largely alleviated. Conclusion: We expect that this combination therapy may be an option for palliative therapy of terminal HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Ran Park
- Department of Hepatology and Hematology, Graduated School of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Ri Bae
- Department of Hepatology and Hematology, Graduated School of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- East-West Cancer Center, Cheonan Korean Medical Hospital, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Young Lee
- Department of Hepatology and Hematology, Graduated School of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Department of Hepatology and Hematology, Graduated School of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyo Cho
- Department of Hepatology and Hematology, Graduated School of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong-Kwan Cho
- Department of Hepatology and Hematology, Graduated School of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hun Lee
- Department of Hepatology and Hematology, Graduated School of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- East-West Cancer Center, Cheonan Korean Medical Hospital, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Kim SK, Lee NH, Son CG. A Review of Herbal Resources Inducing Anti-Liver Metastasis Effects in Gastrointestinal Tumors via Modulation of Tumor Microenvironments in Animal Models. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3415. [PMID: 37444525 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver metastases remain a major obstacle for the management of all types of tumors arising from digestive organs, and the tumor microenvironment has been regarded as an important factor in metastasis. To discover herbal candidates inhibiting the liver metastasis of tumors originating from the digestive system via the modulation of the tumor microenvironment and liver environment, we searched three representative public databases and conducted a systematic review. A total of 21 studies that employed experimental models for pancreatic (9), colon (8), and stomach cancers (4) were selected. The herbal agents included single-herb extracts (5), single compounds (12), and multiherbal decoctions (4). Curcuma longa Linn was most frequently studied for its anti-colon-liver metastatic effects, and its possible mechanisms involved the modulation of tumor microenvironment components such as vascular endothelial cells and immunity in both tumor tissues and circulating cells. The list of herbal agents and their mechanisms produced in this study is helpful for the development of anti-liver metastasis drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sul-Ki Kim
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Collage of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon 35235, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hun Lee
- East-West Cancer Center, Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital, Daejeon University, Cheonan 31099, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Collage of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon 35235, Republic of Korea
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Oh HM, Kim EJ, Bae HR, Cho JH, Son CG, Lee NH. Adjuvant effect of herbal medicine on transarterial chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1106827. [PMID: 36845704 PMCID: PMC9948036 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1106827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths, especially in Asian countries. As a practical treatment option, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) has been well applied; however, its limited efficacy remains challenging. This study analyzed the adjuvant effects of herbal medicine on TACE to determine whether it improves clinical outcomes in patients with HCC. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to compare the adjuvant effects of herbal medicine on TACE versus TACE therapy alone. We searched the literature from eight databases since January 2011. Results Twenty-five studies involving 2,623 participants were selected. The adjuvant therapy of herbal medicine on TACE improved the overall survival at 0.5 years (OR = 1.70; 95% CI 1.21-2.38), 1 year (OR = 2.01; 95% CI 1.65-2.46), 2 years (OR = 1.83; 95% CI 1.20-2.80), and 3 years (OR = 1.90; 95% CI 1.25-2.91). The combination therapy also increased the tumor response rate (OR = 1.84; 95% CI 1.40-2.42). Conclusions Despite the unsatisfactory quality of the included studies, the adjuvant therapy of herbal medicine on TACE may provide survival benefits to patients with HCC. Systematic reviews registration http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier (376691).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Muk Oh
- Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Kim
- East-West Cancer Center, Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Ri Bae
- East-West Cancer Center, Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyo Cho
- Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea,*Correspondence: Chang-Gue Son, ; Nam-Hun Lee,
| | - Nam-Hun Lee
- East-West Cancer Center, Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea,*Correspondence: Chang-Gue Son, ; Nam-Hun Lee,
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Kang YH, Wang JH, Lee JS, Lee NH, Son CG. Coptidis Rhizoma Suppresses Metastatic Behavior by Inhibiting TGF-β-Mediated Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in 5-FU-Resistant HCT116 Cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:909331. [PMID: 35770076 PMCID: PMC9234293 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.909331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most lethal malignancy worldwide. The high mortality rate of CRC is largely due to cancer metastasis. Recently, suppressing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been considered a promising strategy for treating metastatic cancer, especially drug-resistant metastatic cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the antimetastatic effect of Coptidis Rhizoma, as well as the potential underlying mechanisms, using a 5-fluorouracil-resistant colon tumor cell model (HCT116/R). Coptidis Rhizoma 30% ethanol extract (CRE) significantly inhibited HCT116/R cells migration and invasion. CRE effectively inhibited EMT in HCT116/R cells by upregulating the expression of an epithelial marker (E-cadherin) and downregulating the expression of mesenchymal markers (vimentin, Snail, and ZEB2) at both the protein and gene levels. Immunofluorescence assays also confirmed consistent patterns in the levels of E-cadherin and vimentin. In addition, the anti-EMT activity of CRE and its related effects were associated with the CRE-mediated suppression of the TGF-β pathway, as shown by changes in the levels of downstream molecules (phosphorylated Akt and p38), and inhibition of migration, invasion, and protein expression of TGF-β after treatment/cotreatment with a TGF-β inhibitor (SB431542). In conclusion, Coptidis Rhizoma exerts an antimetastatic effect, especially in the treatment of drug-resistant cancer, and the possible mechanisms are associated with inhibiting EMT via TGF-β signaling. Thus, Coptidis Rhizoma will likely become a potential therapeutic candidate for simultaneously mitigating drug resistance and metastasis in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hwi Kang
- Institute of Bioscience and Integrative Medicine, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jing-Hua Wang
- Institute of Bioscience and Integrative Medicine, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jin-Seok Lee
- Institute of Bioscience and Integrative Medicine, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Nam-Hun Lee
- Institute of Bioscience and Integrative Medicine, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Cheonan Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Cheonan-si, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Nam-Hun Lee, ; Chang-Gue Son,
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Institute of Bioscience and Integrative Medicine, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Nam-Hun Lee, ; Chang-Gue Son,
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Park KW, Kang J, Koo BK, Rhee TM, Yang HM, Won KB, Rha SW, Bae JW, Lee NH, Hur SH, Han JK, Shin ES, Kim HS. Aspirin vs. Clopidogrel as a Chronic maintenance monotherapy after PCI in patients with high ischemic risk and high bleeding risk: Subgroup analysis of the HOST-EXAM trial. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab849.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
OnBehalf
on behalf of the HOST-EXAM investigators
Background
The HOST-EXAM randomized clinical trial recently performed a comparison of clopidogrel monotherapy vs. aspirin monotherapy in patients requiring indefinite antiplatelet monotherapy after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This study randomized 5,438 patients who maintained dual antiplatelet therapy without clinical events for 6–18 months after PCI with drug-eluting stents (DES) to receive a monotherapy agent of clopidogrel 75 mg once daily or aspirin 100 mg once daily for 24 months. During the 24-month follow-up, the primary outcome (a composite of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, readmission due to acute coronary syndrome, and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleeding type 3 or greater) rate was significantly lower in the clopidogrel group (hazard ratio [HR] 0.73 [95% CI 0.59–0.90]; p = 0.0035). However, it is uncertain whether the beneficial effect of clopidogrel will be consistent in patients with high ischemic risk or those with high bleeding risk.
Methods
This is a post-hoc analysis of the HOST-EXAM trial. A high ischemic risk was defined as those who had at least 1 of the following procedural features: 3 vessels treated, ≥3 stents implanted, ≥3 lesions treated, bifurcation PCI, total stent length >60 mm, or left main PCI. Patients with high bleeding risk were defined according to the Academic Research Consortium for High Bleeding Risk (ARC-HBR) criteria. The co-primary outcome were thrombotic endpoints (a composite of cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, readmission due to acute coronary syndrome, and definite or probable stent thrombosis) and bleeding endpoints (BARC type ≥2 bleeding events) at 24-month follow-up.
Results
Among the total population, 22.1% had high ischemic risk and 21.4% had high bleeding risk. Complex PCI was not associated with a higher risk of thrombotic endpoints, nor bleeding endpoints. For patients with a high bleeding risk, these patients had a higher risk of both thrombotic endpoints (HR 1.545, 95% CI 0.141-2.092, p = 0.005) and bleeding endpoints (HR 3.418, 95% CI 2.413-4.840, p < 0.001). The primary results focusing on the interaction between high ischemic risk, high bleeding and the antiplatelet regimen will be presented.
Conclusion
The current post-hoc analysis of the HOST-EXAM trial will evaluate the efficacy of clopidogrel monotherapy vs. aspirin monotherapy during the chronic maintenance period after PCI, in patients with high ischemic risk or those with high bleeding risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- K W Park
- Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Kang
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - B K Koo
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - T M Rhee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H M Yang
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - K B Won
- Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S W Rha
- Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Democratic People"s Republic of)
| | - J W Bae
- Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - N H Lee
- Hangang Sacred Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S H Hur
- Keimyung University Hospital, Daegu, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J K Han
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - E S Shin
- Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H S Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
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Na BR, Kwak WK, Lee NH, Song EK, Seon JK. Trend Shift in the Cause of Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty over 17 Years. Clin Orthop Surg 2022; 15:219-226. [PMID: 37008971 PMCID: PMC10060782 DOI: 10.4055/cios21106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The number of revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been increasing. Although many studies have analyzed the causes of revision TKA in Western countries, a limited number of studies have analyzed changes in causes of or trends in revision TKA in Asia. This study analyzed and determined the frequency and causes of failures after TKA in our hospital. We also analyzed the differences and trends over the past 17 years. Methods A total of 296 revision TKAs performed in a single institution from 2003 to 2019 were analyzed. During the 17-year study period, patients who had undergone primary TKA between 2003 and 2011 were classified into a past group, while those who had undergone primary TKA from 2012 to 2019 were classified into a recent group. A revision performed within 2 years after primary TKA was defined as early revision. Further, differences in causes of revision TKA according to the interval from primary TKA to revision TKA were determined. The causes of revision TKA were analyzed through a comprehensive analysis of patients' medical records. Results Overall, infection was the most common cause of failure (151/296 cases, 51.0%). Compared to the past group, the recent group had a relatively higher proportion of patients undergoing revision TKA for mechanical loosening (past group, 19.1% vs. recent group, 31.9%) and instability (11.2% vs. 13.5%) and a relatively lower proportion of patients undergoing revision TKA for infection (56.2% vs. 48.8%), polyethylene (PE) wear (9.0% vs. 2.9%), osteolysis (2.2% vs. 1.9%), and malalignment (2.2% vs. 1.0%). On comparison according to the interval from primary TKA to revision TKA, the rate of infection relatively decreased, whereas the rate of mechanical loosening and instability relatively increased in the late revision TKA compared to the early revision TKA. Conclusions Infection and aseptic loosening were the most common reasons of revision TKA in both past and recent groups. Compared to the past, revision TKA due to PE wear has decreased significantly and revision TKA due to mechanical loosening has relatively increased recently. Orthopedic surgeons need to be aware of recent trends in mechanisms of failure and should try to recognize and address the probable causes in TKA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Ram Na
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Woo-Kyoung Kwak
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Nam-Hun Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyoo Song
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Segyero Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jong-Keun Seon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
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Lee NH, Seo HY, Sung MJ, Na BR, Song EK, Seon JK. Does meniscectomy have any advantage over conservative treatment in middle-aged patients with degenerative medial meniscus posterior root tear? BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:742. [PMID: 34454447 PMCID: PMC8403385 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04632-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The best treatment for degenerative medial meniscus posterior root tear (MMPRT) remains controversial. This study aimed to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of arthroscopic meniscectomy and conservative treatment for degenerative MMPRT. Methods From January 2007 to December 2014, 146 patients (Meniscectomy group, 90; Conservative group, 56) were evaluated. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale, International Knee Documentation Committee subjective scoring scale, Tegner activity scale, and Lysholm knee scoring scale at the final follow-up. Radiologic outcomes evaluated the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) according to the Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) classification. We compared the hip-knee-ankle angle (HKAA), medial proximal tibial angle, tibial posterior slope angle, and width of medial joint space. After an average follow-up of 6.3 years, the survivorship was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results All clinical outcomes were significantly improved in both groups after treatment, with no significant differences between the two groups at the final follow-up. The progression of OA according to the K-L classification, HKAA and width of medial joint space was significantly advanced in the meniscectomy group (p = 0.03, 0.04, 0.03, respectively). The 10-year survival rates in the meniscectomy and conservative groups were 87 and 88%, respectively. Conclusions This study demonstrated that both conservative treatment and meniscectomy provided symptomatic relief. However, it was confirmed that OA progression was more severe in the meniscectomy. We conclude that arthroscopic meniscectomy had no advantage over conservative treatment in terms of clinical outcomes and OA progression in middle-aged patients with MMPRT. Level of evidence Level III; retrospective comparative study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam-Hun Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, 322 Seoyang-ro, Hwasun-gun, Chonnam, 58218, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Yeon Seo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, 42 Jebongro, Donggu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Jin Sung
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, 322 Seoyang-ro, Hwasun-gun, Chonnam, 58218, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Ram Na
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, 322 Seoyang-ro, Hwasun-gun, Chonnam, 58218, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyoo Song
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, 322 Seoyang-ro, Hwasun-gun, Chonnam, 58218, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Keun Seon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, 322 Seoyang-ro, Hwasun-gun, Chonnam, 58218, Republic of Korea.
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Lee NH, Na SM, Ahn HW, Kang JK, Seon JK, Song EK. Allogenic Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Are More Effective Than Bone Marrow Aspiration Concentrate for Cartilage Regeneration After High Tibial Osteotomy in Medial Unicompartmental Osteoarthritis of Knee. Arthroscopy 2021; 37:2521-2530. [PMID: 33621649 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2021.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to compare the outcome of cartilage regeneration between bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) augmentation and allogeneic human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hUCB-MSCs) transplantation in high tibial osteotomy (HTO) with microfracture (MFX) for medial unicompartmental osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee in the young and active patient. METHODS Between January 2015 and December 2019, the patients who underwent HTO and arthroscopy with MFX combined with BMAC or allogeneic hUCB-MSCs procedure for medial unicompartmental OA with kissing lesion, which was shown full-thickness cartilage defect (≥ International Cartilage Repair Society [ICRS] grade 3B) in medial femoral cartilage and medial tibial cartilage, were include in this study. Retrospectively we compared clinical outcomes, including Hospital for Special Surgery score, Knee Society Score (KSS) pain and function, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score between BMAC and hUCB-MSCs group at minimum of 1-year follow-up. Also, second-look arthroscopy was performed simultaneously with removal of the plate after complete bone union. Cartilage regeneration was graded by the ICRS grading system at second-look arthroscopy. Radiological measurement including hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle, posterior tibial slope angle, and correction angle were assessed. RESULTS Of 150 cases that underwent HTO with MFX combined with BMAC or allogeneic hUCB-MSCs procedure for medial unicompartmental OA, 123 cases underwent plate removal and second-look arthroscopy after a minimum of 1 year after the HTO surgery. Seventy-four cases were kissing lesion in medial femoral cartilage and medial tibial cartilage during initial HTO surgery. Finally, the BMAC group composed of 42 cases and hUCB-MSCs group composed of 32 cases were retrospectively identified in patients who had kissing lesions and second-look arthroscopies with a minimum of 1 year of follow-up. At the final follow-up of mean 18.7 months (standard deviation = 4.6 months), clinical outcomes in both groups had improved. However, there were no significant differences between the IKDC, WOMAC, or KSS pain and function scores in the 2 groups (P > .05). At second-look arthroscopy, the ICRS grade was significantly better in the hUCB-MSC group than in the BMAC group in both medial femoral and medial tibial cartilage (P = .001 for both). The average ICRS grade of the BMAC group improved from 3.9 before surgery to 2.8 after surgery. The average ICRS grade of the hUBC-MSC group improved from 3.9 before surgery to 2.0 after surgery. Radiological findings comparing postoperative HKA angle, posterior tibial slope angle, and correction angle showed no significant differences between the groups (P > .05). Therefore it was found that the postoperative correction amount did not affect the postoperative cartilage regeneration results. CONCLUSIONS We found that the hUCB-MSC procedure was more effective than the BMAC procedure for cartilage regeneration in medial unicompartmental knee OA even though the clinical outcomes improved regardless of which treatment was administered. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, retrospective comparative study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam-Hun Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Min Na
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Wook Ahn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Kyoo Kang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Keun Seon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Kyoo Song
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
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Kang YH, Lee JS, Lee NH, Kim SH, Seo CS, Son CG. Coptidis Rhizoma Extract Reverses 5-Fluorouracil Resistance in HCT116 Human Colorectal Cancer Cells via Modulation of Thymidylate Synthase. Molecules 2021; 26:1856. [PMID: 33806077 PMCID: PMC8036817 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignancy of the colon or rectum. It is ranked as the third most common cancer in both men and women worldwide. Early resection permitted by early detection is the best treatment, and chemotherapy is another main treatment, particularly for patients with advanced CRC. A well-known thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibitor, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), is frequently prescribed to CRC patients; however, drug resistance is a critical limitation of its clinical application. Based on the hypothesis that Coptidis Rhizoma extract (CRE) can abolish this 5-FU resistance, we explored the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of CRE in 5-FU-resistant (HCT116/R) and parental HCT116 (HCT116/WT) cells. Compared to treatment with 5-FU alone, combination treatment with CRE and 5-FU drastically reduced the viability of HCT116/R cells. The cell cycle distribution assay showed significant induction of the G0/G1 phase arrest by co-treatment with CRE and 5-FU. In addition, the combination of CRE and 5-FU notably suppressed the activity of TS, which was overexpressed in HCT116/R cells, as compared to HCT116/WT cells. Our findings support the potential of CRE as an adjuvant agent against 5-FU-resistant colorectal cancers and indicate that the underlying mechanisms might involve inhibition of TS expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hwi Kang
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Daeduk-daero, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35353, Korea; (Y.-H.K.); (J.-S.L.)
| | - Jin-Seok Lee
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Daeduk-daero, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35353, Korea; (Y.-H.K.); (J.-S.L.)
| | - Nam-Hun Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Cheonan Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, 4, Notaesan-ro, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si 31099, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyung Kim
- Institute of Traditional Medicine & Bioscience, Daejeon University, Daehak-ro 62, Dong-gu, Daejeon 34520, Korea;
| | - Chang-Seob Seo
- Research Infrastructure Team, Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea;
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Daeduk-daero, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35353, Korea; (Y.-H.K.); (J.-S.L.)
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Lee NH, Lee GY, Park CR, Kim SK, Ahn YC, Cho JH, Son CG. Risk levels of herb-induced liver injury in Korea: from a meta-analysis. Integr Med Res 2020; 10:100705. [PMID: 33665093 PMCID: PMC7903345 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2020.100705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As the use of herbal medicines increased worldwide, there has been concern about the risk of herb-induced liver injury (HILI). Many clinical studies have assessed the risk of HILI in Korea. Methods Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of the incidence of HILI in Korea, by analyzing nine clinical studies. These involved 8625 participants (3274 males; 5351 females), including 436 outpatients (three studies) and 8189 inpatients (six studies). Results As a result, the overall incidence of HILI in Korea was 0.49% (95% CI 0.33–0.74%), and it was 0.57% in males and 0.30% in females. We found a similar incidence of HILI in prospective (0.51%) and retrospective (0.50%) studies. The incidence of HILI was higher in inpatients (0.62%) than outpatients (0.03%). Conclusion Although there are limitations regarding study quality and the number of participants, we systematically estimated the risk of HILI in Korea. We anticipate this study would be a helpful information for prescribing herbal medicines and researching the safety of herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam-Hun Lee
- Department of Hepatology & Hematology, Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Young Lee
- Department of Hepatology & Hematology, Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Ran Park
- Department of Hepatology & Hematology, Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sul-Ki Kim
- Liver & Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yo-Chan Ahn
- Department of Health Service Management, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyo Cho
- Liver & Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Liver & Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent and lethal cancer types around the world. Most of the CRC patients are treated with chemotherapeutic drugs alone or combined. However, up to 90% of metastatic cancer patients experience the failure of treatment mostly because of the acquired drug resistance, which can be led to multidrug resistance (MDR). In this study, we reviewed the recent literature which studied potential CRC MDR reversal agents among herbal medicines (HMs). Among abundant HMs, 6 single herbs, Andrographis paniculata, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Hedyotis diffusa, Sophora flavescens, Curcuma longa, Bufo gargarizans, and 2 formulae, Pien Tze Huang and Zhi Zhen Fang, were found to overcome CRC MDR by two or more different mechanisms, which could be a promising candidate in the development of new drugs for adjuvant CRC chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga-Young Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Cheonan, 31099, Republic of Korea.,Liver & Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, 35235, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Graduated School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon, Daejeon, 34520, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Seok Lee
- Liver & Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, 35235, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Graduated School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon, Daejeon, 34520, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Liver & Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, 35235, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Graduated School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon, Daejeon, 34520, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hun Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Cheonan, 31099, Republic of Korea. .,Liver & Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, 35235, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Graduated School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon, Daejeon, 34520, Republic of Korea.
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Lee MM, Kim HG, Lee JS, Lee SB, Cho JH, Lee DS, Lee NH, Lee HD, Moon SO, Son CG. Synergistic hepatoprotective effects of CG plus on CCl 4-induced acute injury. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 249:112441. [PMID: 31786446 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese/Korean medicine suggests "blood stasis ()", "stagnation of vital energy ()" and "dampness and Phlegm ()" as the main etiologies of liver disorders, and multiherbal formulas are generally believed to exert synergistic action. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to investigate the synergistic hepatoprotective effects of CGplus (a mixture of Salviae miltiorrhiza, Artemisia iwayomogi and Ammomum xanthioides) compared to those of the individual herbs. METHODS AND MATERIALS A total of fifty-six male Balb/C mice were randomly divided into eight groups and were administered water (normal and CCl4 groups), 100 mg/kg S. miltiorrhiza, A. iwayomogi, or A. xanthioides, 50 or 100 mg/kg CGPlus or dimethyl dimethoxybiphenyl dicarboxylate (DDB) as a positive control for 4 consecutive days. After a single CCl4 injection (i.p., 10 mL/kg of 0.2% CCl4 in olive oil), blood and liver tissues were collected after 18 h of fasting for serum biochemistry, histopathological examination and molecular analyses. RESULTS CCl4 injection induced drastic hepatic injury characterized by a more than 30-fold increase in the release of AST and ALT into the serum. These alterations were significantly attenuated by pretreatment with each of the three herbs, while the effects of the individual herbs were synergistically augmented by CGPlus pretreatment. The synergistic hepatoprotective actions of CGPlus were demonstrated consistently by analyses of oxidative stress (oxidative stressors, oxidation products and antioxidant enzymes), pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-ɑ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10), and apoptosis (caspase-3, p53 and BAX) and histopathology. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that CGPlus exerts its hepatoprotective effects in a synergistic manner, and further studies are required for clinical application using other chronic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myong-Min Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-daero 176 Beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Geug Kim
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-daero 176 Beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Seok Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-daero 176 Beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Bae Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-daero 176 Beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyo Cho
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-daero 176 Beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Soo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 64 Daeheung-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hun Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-daero 176 Beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Dong Lee
- National Institute for Korean Medicine, 94, Hwarang-ro, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38540, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ok Moon
- National Institute for Korean Medicine, 94, Hwarang-ro, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38540, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-daero 176 Beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Park CR, Lee G, Son CG, Cho JH, Lee NH. Recovery from hepatitis A after Korean medicine-based treatment : a case report. Integr Med Res 2019; 8:257-260. [PMID: 31768311 PMCID: PMC6872770 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies reported that Korean medicine (KM) is effective for treating liver disease, including hepatitis A. However, KM, specifically with herbal medicine (Chungganplus, CGP) has not been reported yet. We aimed to report a patient with hepatitis A who was treated with KM including CGP, acupuncture, and moxibustion for 12 days. METHODS A 39-year-old man with hepatitis A who was hospitalized for 12 days after being admitted to our hospital with abdominal pain, diarrhea and vomiting. We prescribed CGP three times a day, with acupuncture performed twice daily and moxibustion at conception vessel (CV)-12 once a day. Follow-up blood tests have been done 4 times during the admission in order to access the effect of the treatment. RESULTS In 12 days the symptoms had disappeared and the blood test results improved steadily. His AST level have declined from 1,189 IU/L to 44 IU/L, ALT from 2,423 IU/L to 127 IU/L, r-GTP from 1,347 IU/L to 339 IU/L, ALP from 384 IU/L to 205 IU/L, and total bilirubin from 3.6 mg/dL to 0.89 mg/dL. CONLCUSIONS This case suggests that KM-based treatment using CGP may be effective for hepatitis A with no adverse effect. Further research and clinical trial on CGP would be needed to make the basis more valid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Ran Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gayoung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyo Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Kong MG, Park HW, Choi HO, Seo HS, Suh J, Cho YH, Lee NH. P6445Stress hyperglycemia and in-hospital mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.1039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Stress hyperglycemia is common in acute ill patients and associated with poor clinical outcomes. Some studies demonstrated the association of stress hyperglycemia and poor outcomes in acute MI. However, current results for the impact of stress hyperglycemia on mortality in acute MI who underwent PCI are insufficient.
Purpose
We aimed to evaluate the impact of stress hyperglycemia on clinical outcomes of patients with STEMI underwent primary PCI in large scale multi-center registry.
Methods
From 2007 to 2014, in 1,538 patients of the INTERSTELLAR (Incheon-Bucheon Cohort of Patients Undergoing Primary PCI for Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction) cohort, 997 patients without diabetes who underwent primary PCI for STEMI were retrospectively analyzed. We defined random glucose more than 200mg/dl at admission without diabetic history or results of HbA1C more than 6.5% as stress hyperglycemia. The primary endpoint was in-hospital all-cause death and the secondary endpoint was all-cause death within 1 year after index PCI.
Results
From 997 nondiabetic cohort population, 117 patients with stress hyperglycemia and 880 patients without stress hyperglycemia were enrolled. Baseline characteristics including age, sex, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation, left main disease, and multivessel disease were not significantly different between two groups. However, systolic blood pressure was lower (111.2±39.2 vs. 125.5±28.1, p<0.001) and hypoxic liver injury was frequent (31.0% vs. 20.1%, p=0.007) in stress hyperglycemia. In-hospital and 1-year all-cause mortality were higher in stress hyperglycemia (13.7% vs. 2.7%, p<0.001; 15.4% vs. 3.8%, p<0.001, respectively). However, there is no significant difference in post-discharge mortality rate. Stress hyperglycemia was a significant independent predictor of in-hospital death (adjusted OR: 5.67, 95% CI: 2.40–13.39; p<0.001). Hypotension (defined less than 90mmHg) and left ventricular dysfunction (defined less than 40% of LVEF on echocardiography) were significantly associated with stress hyperglycemia (adjusted OR: 5.72, 95% CI: 3.33–9.82; p<0.001; adjusted OR: 2.38, 95% CI: 1.49–3.82; p<0.001, respectively).
Landmark analysis of all-cause death
Conclusions
In nondiabetic patients who underwent primary PCI for STEMI, stress hyperglycemia is significantly associated with an increased in-hospital all-cause mortality but did not increase post-discharge mortality within 1 year.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Kong
- Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Bucheon, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H W Park
- Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Bucheon, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H O Choi
- Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Bucheon, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H S Seo
- Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Bucheon, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Suh
- Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Bucheon, Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y H Cho
- Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Bucheon, Korea (Republic of)
| | - N H Lee
- Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Bucheon, Korea (Republic of)
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Jin C, Song EK, Jin QH, Lee NH, Seon JK. Outcomes of simultaneous high tibial osteotomy and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in anterior cruciate ligament deficient knee with osteoarthritis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2018; 19:228. [PMID: 30021642 PMCID: PMC6052617 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-018-2161-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to evaluate clinical and radiological results after simultaneous open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in patients with ACL deficiency combined with medial uni-compartmental osteoarthritis (OA) and varus deformity. Methods This retrospective study was performed using data collected from 2005 to 2011 on a total of 24 patients who were diagnosed with ACL injury and medial unicompartmental OA with varus deformity, and who subsequently underwent simultaneous open-wedge HTO and arthroscopic ACL reconstruction. The mean follow-up duration was 5.2 years. For clinical outcomes, we evaluated Lysholm score, Tegner activity score, range of motion, Lachmann test, and pivot-shift test, and for radiological outcomes, we evaluated the degree of varus deformity, progression of medial OA, tibial posterior slope, anterior instability, and postoperative complication. Results There were no limitations in range of motion found in any cases. Three patients showed progressive osteoarthritis on the medial compartment. The mechanical femorotibial angle was significantly corrected from varus 7.0 degrees to valgus 1.2 degrees, and the tibial posterior slope was not significantly changed. The Lysholm and Tegner activity scores were significantly improved after surgery (from 58 to 94 points on the Lysholm scale and from 4.0 to 5.3 points on the Tegner activity scale). Although the Lachman test and the pivot-shift test showed significant improvements after surgery, instability greater than Gr II was observed in three patients on the Lachman test and in four patients on the pivot-shift test. The side-to-side difference improved from 9.6 mm to 4.2 mm postoperatively as assessed using a Telos® arthrometer. There were no cases of nonunion or fixation loss. Conclusions Simultaneous open-wedge HTO and ACL reconstruction in patients with ACL injury with medial compartmental OA showed satisfactory functional outcomes and postoperative activity level scores. However, some patients showed residual instability and progression of OA. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12891-018-2161-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Jin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Zhejiang Corps Hospital, Jiaxing, 314000, China
| | - Eun-Kyoo Song
- Center for Joint Disease, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, South Korea
| | - Quan-He Jin
- Center for Joint Disease, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, South Korea
| | - Nam-Hun Lee
- Center for Joint Disease, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, South Korea
| | - Jong-Keun Seon
- Center for Joint Disease, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, South Korea.
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Joung JY, Lee NH, Son CG. An Evolutionary Theory to Explain the Mechanism of Pain Control by Acupuncture Therapy. J Altern Complement Med 2018; 24:743-744. [PMID: 29641243 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2017.0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yong Joung
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University , Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hun Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University , Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University , Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Kim MJ, Kim SS, Park KJ, An HJ, Choi YH, Lee NH, Hyun CG. Methyl jasmonate inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory cytokine production via mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-κB pathways in RAW 264.7 cells. Pharmazie 2018; 71:540-543. [PMID: 29441852 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2016.6647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
Abstract
Methyl jasmonate is an important signaling molecule involved in plant defense as well as in the regulation of plant growth and development. Despite its various functions in plants, its effects on animal cells have not been widely studied and no report has been issued on the molecular aspects of its anti-inflammatory effect. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro anti-inflammatory properties of methyl jasmonate in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Methyl jasmonate treatment effectively inhibited LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory mediators (nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2) and cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6) in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, it attenuated the LPS-induced activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) by suppressing the degradation of the inhibitor of κB-α (IκB-α). Additionally, methyl jasmonate dose-dependently blocked the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), i.e., p38 kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), in these cells. These results suggest that methyl jasmonate attenuated the LPS-induced release of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines by suppressing the activation of MAPK (JNK, ERK and p38) and NF-κB signaling. This study not only demonstrated that methyl jasmonate exerts anti-inflammatory activities in macrophages but also revealed its potential as a candidate for the treatment of various inflammation-associated diseases.
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Park HS, Kim YJ, Bae YK, Lee NH, Lee YJ, Hah JO, Park TI, Lee KS, Park JB, Kim HS. Differential Expression Patterns of Irf3 and Irf7 in Pediatric Lymphoid Disorders. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 22:34-8. [PMID: 17393359 DOI: 10.1177/172460080702200105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) are multifunctional transcriptional factors. To define the role of IRFs in lymphoid disorders, we determined the expression patterns of IRF3 and IRF7 by immunohistochemistry in 5 normal lymph nodes, 12 reactive hyperplastic lymph nodes, and 27 pediatric lymphomas. IRF3 was prominently expressed in the nuclei of the histiocytes, and was expressed very weakly in the cytoplasm of most of the lymphocytes of the normal lymph nodes. However, IRF7 was expressed strongly in the nuclei of over 50% of the lymphocytes throughout the normal lymph nodes, but the histiocytes and fibroblasts were spared. In the reactive hyperplastic lymph nodes, the number of IRF3- and IRF7-positive cells in the nuclei was elevated. In the lymphomas, the number of IRF3-positive cells in the nucleus appeared to have decreased, and the cells were scattered throughout the lymphoma tissue in no specific pattern. However, in most cases the number of IRF7-positive cells was elevated. These results suggested that IRF3 was activated principally in the histiocytes and T cells under inflammatory conditions, but IRF3 activation was attenuated in cases of lymphoma. However, the number of IRF7-positive cells was found to be elevated in the reactive hyperplastic lymph nodes and pediatric lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Park
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea
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22
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Zheng J, Hewage SRKM, Piao MJ, Kang KA, Han X, Kang HK, Yoo ES, Koh YS, Lee NH, Ko CS, Lee JC, Ko MH, Hyuna JW. Photoprotective Effect of Carpomitra costata Extract against Ultraviolet B-Induced Oxidative Damage in Human Keratinocytes. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2016; 35:11-28. [PMID: 27279581 DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.2016014003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural marine products show various biological properties such as antiphotoaging, antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammation. This study evaluated the protective effects of the brown alga Carpomitra costata (Stackhouse) Batters (Sporochnaceae) against ultraviolet B (UVB)-provoked damage in human HaCaT keratinocytes. C. costata extract (CCE) effectively reduced superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, and UVB-stimulated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. CCE also restored the expression and activity of UVB-suppressed antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, CCE decreased UVB-triggered oxidative damage to cellular components including DNA, protein, and lipid and defended the cells against mitochondrial membrane depolarization-medicated apoptosis. The results of this study indicate that CCE can safeguard human keratinocytes against UVB-induced cellular damage via a potent antioxidant mechanism. CCE may find utility as part of a therapeutic arsenal against the damaging effects of UVB radiation on the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zheng
- School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Mei Jing Piao
- School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Ah Kang
- School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - X Han
- School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - H K Kang
- School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - E S Yoo
- School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Koh
- School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - N H Lee
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - C S Ko
- Jeju Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - J C Lee
- Jeju Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Ko
- Jeju Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Won Hyuna
- School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
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Son CG, Cho JH, Hong SH, Ko H, Park SE, Lee NH, Kim SM, Kim YC, Han CW, Kim KS, Choi CW, Choi HS, Oh DS. A Prospective Nationwide Observational Study of Herbal Drug Safety in Korea. Integr Med Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2015.04.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Devaney JM, Wang S, Furbert-Harris P, Apprey V, Ittmann M, Wang BD, Olender J, Lee NH, Kwabi-Addo B. Genome-wide differentially methylated genes in prostate cancer tissues from African-American and Caucasian men. Epigenetics 2015; 10:319-28. [PMID: 25864488 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2015.1022019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that aberrant DNA methylation changes may contribute to prostate cancer (PCa) ethnic disparity. To comprehensively identify DNA methylation alterations in PCa disparity, we used the Illumina 450K methylation platform to interrogate the methylation status of 485,577 CpG sites focusing on gene-associated regions of the human genome. Genomic DNA from African-American (AA; 7 normal and 3 cancers) and Caucasian (Cau; 8 normal and 3 cancers) was used in the analysis. Hierarchical clustering analysis identified probe-sets unique to AA and Cau samples, as well as common to both. We selected 25 promoter-associated novel CpG sites most differentially methylated by race (fold change > 1.5-fold; adjusted P < 0.05) and compared the β-value of these sites provided by the Illumina, Inc. array with quantitative methylation obtained by pyrosequencing in 7 prostate cell lines. We found very good concordance of the methylation levels between β-value and pyrosequencing. Gene expression analysis using qRT-PCR in a subset of 8 genes after treatment with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine and/or trichostatin showed up-regulation of gene expression in PCa cells. Quantitative analysis of 4 genes, SNRPN, SHANK2, MST1R, and ABCG5, in matched normal and PCa tissues derived from AA and Cau PCa patients demonstrated differential promoter methylation and concomitant differences in mRNA expression in prostate tissues from AA vs. Cau. Regression analysis in normal and PCa tissues as a function of race showed significantly higher methylation prevalence for SNRPN (P = 0.012), MST1R (P = 0.038), and ABCG5 (P < 0.0002) for AA vs. Cau samples. We selected the ABCG5 and SNRPN genes and verified their biological functions by Western blot analysis and siRNA gene knockout effects on cell proliferation and invasion in 4 PCa cell lines (2 AA and 2 Cau patients-derived lines). Knockdown of either ABCG5 or SNRPN resulted in a significant decrease in both invasion and proliferation in Cau PCa cell lines but we did not observe these remarkable loss-of-function effects in AA PCa cell lines. Our study demonstrates how differential genome-wide DNA methylation levels influence gene expression and biological functions in AA and Cau PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Devaney
- a Children's National Medical Center ; Center for Genetic Medicine Research ; Washington, DC USA
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Hyun YJ, Piao MJ, Kim KC, Zheng J, Yao CW, Cha JW, Kang HK, Yoo ES, Koh YS, Lee NH, Ko MH, Hyun JW. Photoprotective Effect of a <i>Polyopes affinis</i> (Harvey) Kawaguchi and Wang (<i>Halymeniaceae</i>)-Derived Ethanol Extract on Human Keratinocytes. TROP J PHARM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i6.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Lee NH, Cho JH, Son CG. Treatment with modified Bazhen Decoction () for a patient with autoimmune hemolytic anemia: A case report of a ten-month period. Chin J Integr Med 2014; 20:296-9. [PMID: 26972439 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-014-1778-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nam-Hun Lee
- Department of Oriental Internal Medicine, Cheonan Oriental Hospital, Oriental Medical College, Daejeon University, Daejeon, 331-958, Korea
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital, Oriental Medical College, Daejeon University, 301-724, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jung-Hyo Cho
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital, Oriental Medical College, Daejeon University, 301-724, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital, Oriental Medical College, Daejeon University, 301-724, Daejeon, Korea.
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Kim HG, Cho JH, Yoo SR, Lee JS, Han JM, Lee NH, Ahn YC, Son CG. Antifatigue effects of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61271. [PMID: 23613825 PMCID: PMC3629193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The present study investigated the antifatigue effects of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer in 90 subjects (21 men and 69 women) with idiopathic chronic fatigue (ICF) in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled and parallel designed trial. A bespoke 20% ethanol extract of P. ginseng (1 g or 2 g day(-1)) or a placebo was administered to each group for 4 weeks, and then fatigue severity was monitored using a self-rating numeric scale (NRS) and a visual analogue scale (VAS) as a primary endpoint. Serum levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), total glutathione (GSH) contents and glutathione reductase (GSH-Rd) activity were determined. After 4-week, P. ginseng administration decreased the total NRS score, but they were not statistically significant compared with placebo (P>0.05). Mental NRS score was significantly improved by P. ginseng administrations as 20.4 ± 5.0 to 15.1 ± 6.5 [95% CI 2.3 ~ 8.2] for 1 g and 20.7 ± 6.3 to 13.8 ± 6.2 [95% CI -0.1 ~ 4.2] for 2 g compared with placebo 20.9 ± 4.5 to 18.8 ± 2.9 [95% CI 4.1 ~ 9.9, P<0.01]. Only 2 g P. ginseng significantly reduced the VAS score from 7.3 ± 1.3 to 4.4 ± 1.8 [95% CI 0.7∼1.8] compared with the placebo 7.1 ± 1.0 to 5.8 ± 1.3 [95% CI 2.2 ~ 3.7, P<0.01]. ROS and MDA levels were lowered by P. ginseng compared to placebo. P. ginseng 1 g increased GSH concentration and GSH-Rd activity. Our results provide the first evidence of the antifatigue effects of P. ginseng in patients with ICF, and we submit that these changes in antioxidant properties contribute in part to its mechanism. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS) KCT0000048.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong-Geug Kim
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hyo Cho
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sa-Ra Yoo
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jin-Seok Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jong-Min Han
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Nam-Hun Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yo-Chan Ahn
- Department of Health Service Management Daejeon University, Dong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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Lee NH, Yoo SR, Kim HG, Cho JH, Son CG. Safety and tolerability of Panax ginseng root extract: a randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial in healthy Korean volunteers. J Altern Complement Med 2012; 18:1061-9. [PMID: 22909282 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2011.0591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Panax ginseng has been extensively used as an adaptogen and is among the top 10 selling herbal supplements in the United States over the past decade. However, there have been few reports about the toxicity of P. ginseng in human studies. Given the lack of toxicological studies in human, this study investigated whether P. ginseng administration causes any noticeable toxic effects in healthy volunteers. METHODS This study was designed as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and parallel group trial in healthy volunteers. The subjects were required to be healthy, free from any significant disease, as assessed at screening by physical examination, medical history, and laboratory (hematological and biochemical) tests. Eligible subjects received P. ginseng extract (1 g/day or 2 g/day) or placebo over a 4-week period. RESULTS Although mild adverse events, such as dyspepsia, hot flash, insomnia, and constipation, were reported in both P. ginseng and placebo group, no serious untoward reactions were reported following P. ginseng administration. Nonsignificant changes were observed in hematological and biochemical tests. CONCLUSIONS P. ginseng administration for 4 weeks was shown to be safe, tolerable, and free of any untoward toxic effect in healthy male and female volunteers. Future results from ongoing multicenter collaborative efforts to evaluate short- and long-term effects of P. ginseng may contribute to our current understanding of safety and tolerability of this herbal product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam-Hun Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Lee MY, Shin IS, Seo CS, Lee NH, Ha HK, Son JK, Shin HK. Effects of Melandrium firmum methanolic extract on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in Wistar rats. Asian J Androl 2012; 14:320-4. [PMID: 22231294 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2011.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an age-related disease of unknown aetiology characterized by prostatic enlargement coincident with distinct alterations in tissue histomorphology. Instead of therapeutic agents that can cause severe side effects, plant extracts are frequently used to treat BPH. In this study, we investigated whether the Melandrium firmum methanolic extract (MFME) improves BPH, using the testosterone propionate (TP)-induced BPH rat model. Castration was performed via the scrotal route under sodium pentobarbital anaesthesia. BPH in castrated rats was generated via daily subcutaneous injections of TP (3 mg kg(-1)) dissolved in corn oil, for 4 weeks. MFME was administered daily by oral gavage at a dose of 200 mg kg(-1) for 4 weeks, along with the TP injections. The control group received injections of corn oil subcutaneously. At the scheduled termination of the experiment, all rats were killed and their prostates weighed; the relative prostate weight (prostate/body weight ratio) was calculated, and histomorphological changes in the prostate were examined. Additionally, we measured the levels of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in the serum and the prostate. Experimentally induced BPH led to marked decreases in the relative prostate weight and the DHT levels in the serum and the prostate. Histologically, BPH was evident in the ventral lobe of the prostate, and MFME treatment suppressed the severity of the lesions. These results indicate that MFME effectively inhibits the development of BPH induced by testosterone in a rat model. Further studies will be needed to identify the compound(s) responsibility for inducing the protective effect against BPH and determine its mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Young Lee
- Herbal Medicine EBM Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Exporo 483, Yusung-gu, Daejeon 305-811, Korea
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Lee NH, Son CG. Systematic review of randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of ginseng. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2011; 4:85-97. [PMID: 21704950 DOI: 10.1016/s2005-2901(11)60013-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This systematic review aims to evaluate the available evidence from randomized clinical trials of the clinical efficacy and safety of ginseng. Systematic literature searches were performed in 13 databases up to March 2009 without language restriction. All randomized clinical trials evaluating the clinical effects or safety of the use of ginseng monopreparations (Panax ginseng or P. quinquefolium) were considered for inclusion. A total of 411 potentially relevant studies were identified and 57 randomized clinical trials were included. The main indications included glucose metabolism, physical performance, psychomotor function, sexual function, cardiac function, pulmonary disease, and cerebrovascular disease. We found strong evidence of a positive effect of ginseng on glucose metabolism, psychomotor function, and pulmonary disease, whereas evidence suggests that ginseng is not effective at enhancing physical performance. However, ginseng generally has a good safety profile and the incidence of adverse effects seems to be low. In conclusion, our review compiles the evidence on the use of ginseng, finding a strong positive potential for glucose metabolism, psychomotor function, and pulmonary disease, but not for physical performance enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam-Hun Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Korea
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Lee H, Ha H, Lee JK, Seo CS, Lee NH, Jung DY, Park SJ, Shin HK. The fruits of Cudrania tricuspidata suppress development of atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. Phytother Res 2011; 26:594-9. [PMID: 21972057 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2010] [Accepted: 05/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The fruits of Cudrania tricuspidata are a medicinal herb in Korea, known for its antiatherosclerotic and antiinflammatory effects. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by the influx of lymphocytes into the dermis. Using an animal model of AD, we assessed whether C. tricuspidata suppresses the development of AD-like skin lesions. Cudrania tricuspidata was administered orally to NC/Nga mice with Dermatophagoides-farinae-induced AD-like lesions for 49 days. The effects of C. tricuspidata were assessed by measuring clinical symptoms, swelling of the skin on the back and ears, and plasma concentrations of mTARC (mouse thymus and activation regulated chemokine), histamine and immunoglobulin E (IgE). We found that C. tricuspidata (60 mg/kg/day) inhibited the development of AD-like skin lesions, reduced skin dermatitis scores and inhibited the histological changes induced by repeated application of D. farinae. In addition, C. tricuspidata inhibited the increases in plasma concentrations of mTARC, histamine and IgE induced by D. farinae. These findings indicate that C. tricuspidata inhibits the development of AD-like skin lesions induced by repeated applications of D. farinae in sensitized NC/Nga by suppressing plasma concentrations of mTARC, histamine and IgE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoyoung Lee
- Herbal Medicine EBM Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Korea
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Kim HG, Yoo SR, Park HJ, Lee NH, Shin JW, Sathyanath R, Cho JH, Son CG. Antioxidant effects of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer in healthy subjects: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:2229-35. [PMID: 21699953 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Revised: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the antioxidant effects of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer on healthy volunteers. In a double-blind randomized controlled design, 82 participants (21 men and 61 women) who were considered healthy by both objective and subjective health standard were divided into three groups, the control group and the groups received P. ginseng extract (1 or 2g/day) for 4 weeks. Serum level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GSH-Rd), and peroxidase (GSH-Px), and total glutathione content were determined before and after the trial. Administration of P. ginseng led to significant decreases in the levels of serum ROS and MDA. Notably, the total glutathione content and GSH-Rd activity considerably improved in the groups that received 2g of P. ginseng. No significant alterations were observed in TAC, catalase, SOD, and GSH-Px activities. In conclusion, our findings indicate that P. ginseng was shown to have antioxidant property. It enhanced the antioxidant defense mechanism in healthy populations and the results may reinforce the use of P. ginseng as a potential antioxidant supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong-Geug Kim
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical Collage of Daejeon University, 22-5 Daehung-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, South Korea
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Lee MY, Seo CS, Lee JA, Lee NH, Kim JH, Ha H, Zheng MS, Son JK, Shin HK. Anti-asthmatic effects of Angelica dahurica against ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation via upregulation of heme oxygenase-1. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 49:829-37. [PMID: 21146576 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2010] [Revised: 11/16/2010] [Accepted: 12/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic immune inflammatory disease characterized by variable airflow obstruction. The present study was undertaken to assess the effects of an Angelica dahurica Bentham et Hooker ethanolic extract (AD) on airway inflammation in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced airway inflammation model. Mice that received AD displayed significantly lower airway eosinophilia, cytokine levels, including interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha levels, mucus production and immunoglobulin (Ig)E, compared with OVA-induced mice. In our experiments, AD treatment reduced airway inflammation and suppressed oxidative stress in the OVA-induced asthma model, partly via induction of heme oxygenase (HO)-1. The effects of AD on OVA-induced HO-1 induction were partially reversed by the HO-1 inhibitor, tin protoporphyrin (SnPP). Our results clearly indicate that AD is a suppressor of airway allergic inflammation, and may thus be effectively used as an anti-inflammatory drug in the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Young Lee
- Herbal Medicine EBM Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Exporo 483, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
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Lee MY, Lee JA, Seo CS, Ha H, Lee NH, Shin HK. Protective effects of Mentha haplocalyx ethanol extract (MH) in a mouse model of allergic asthma. Phytother Res 2010; 25:863-9. [PMID: 21108485 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2009] [Revised: 10/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Mentha haplocalyx Briq., a commonly used herb in traditional Oriental medicine, has a variety of known pharmacological properties. However, neither the protective effects of Mentha haplocalyx ethanol extract (MH) against inflammation of the airway in an asthmatic model nor the mechanisms involved, have previously been reported. In the present study, an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced mouse model of allergic asthma was used to investigate whether MH was effective against the disease through regulation of airway inflammation. The MH treatment significantly inhibited increases in immunoglobulin (Ig) E and T-helper 2 (Th2)-type cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-5 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue. Inflammatory cell infiltration of the airway in mice treated with MH was effectively alleviated when compared with infiltration seen in the OVA-induced group. These data indicated that decreased cytokine levels are the result of the decreased number of invaded leukocytes. Also, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in BALF was diminished by MH treatment. Taken together, these findings indicate that the administration of MH may have potential therapeutic value in the treatment of inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Young Lee
- Herbal Medicine EBM Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Exporo 483, Yusung-gu, Daejeon 305-811, Korea
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Lee NH, Lee MY, Lee JA, Jung DY, Seo CS, Kim JH, Shin HK. Anti-asthmatic effect of Sanguisorba officinalis L. and potential role of heme oxygenase-1 in an ovalbumin-induced murine asthma model. Int J Mol Med 2010; 26:201-8. [PMID: 20596599 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm_00000453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sanguisorba officinalis L. is known to have anti-inflammatory properties. However, the potential effects of S. officinalis against asthma have not been reported. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of S. officinalis in a murine ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model. Mice were sensitized and challenged by OVA inhalation to induce airway inflammation and remodeling. S. officinalis ethanolic extract (SOEE) markedly decreased the number of infiltrated inflammatory cells, together with a reduction in the levels of T-helper type 2 cytokines and immunoglobulin E levels. Histopathological studies showed that inflammatory cell infiltration and mucus hypersecretion were inhibited by SOEE. In addition, OVA-induced increases in reactive oxygen species were attenuated by SOEE. All these effects were correlated with heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) induction by SOEE. These results indicate that SOEE has therapeutic potential against bronchial asthma associated with allergic diseases that is due, at least in part, to HO-1 upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam-Hun Lee
- Herbal Medicine EBM Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Korea
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Lee MY, Seo CS, Lee NH, Ha H, Lee JA, Lee H, Lee KY, Shin HK. Anti-asthmatic effect of schizandrin on OVA-induced airway inflammation in a murine asthma model. Int Immunopharmacol 2010; 10:1374-9. [PMID: 20727999 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Revised: 07/14/2010] [Accepted: 07/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Asthma comprises a triad of reversible airway obstruction, bronchial smooth muscle cell hyperreactivity to bronchoconstrictors, and chronic bronchial inflammation. Clinical and experimental findings have established eosinophilia as a sign of allergic disorders. In the present investigation, we evaluated the anti-asthmatic effects of schizandrin and its underlying mechanisms in an in vivo murine asthmatic model. To accomplish this, female BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA), and examined for the following typical asthmatic reactions: increased numbers of eosinophils and other inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF); production of Th1 cytokines (such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in BALF); production of Th2 cytokines (such as interleukin IL-4 and IL-5) in BALF; presence of total and OVA-specific immunoglobulins (Ig)E in serum; presence of oxidative stress; hyperplasia of goblet cells in the lung; and marked influx of inflammatory cells into the lung. Our results collectively show that schizandrin exerts profound inhibitory effects on accumulation of eosinophils into the airways and reduces the levels of IL-4, IL-5, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in BALF. Additionally, schizandrin suppresses the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a dose-dependent manner, and inhibits goblet cell hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissue. Thus, schizandrin has anti-asthmatic effects, which seem to be partially mediated by reduction of oxidative stress and airway inflammation, in a murine allergic asthma model. These results indicate that schizandrin may be an effective novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Young Lee
- Herbal Medicine EBM Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Lee MY, Seo CS, Ha H, Jung D, Lee H, Lee NH, Lee JA, Kim JH, Lee YK, Son JK, Shin HK. Protective effects of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica against OVA-induced murine asthma model via upregulation of heme oxygenase-1. J Ethnopharmacol 2010; 130:61-69. [PMID: 20420895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2009] [Revised: 04/09/2010] [Accepted: 04/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Traditionally, the stem and root bark of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica (Ulmaceae) are Korean herbal medicines used for anti-inflammatory and anticancer therapy. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica ethanolic extract (UD) in a murine asthma model. Furthermore, we determined whether heme oxygenase (HO)-1 is required for the protective activity of UD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Airways of ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice exposed to OVA challenge developed eosinophilia, mucus hypersecretion and increased cytokine levels. UD was applied 1h prior to OVA challenge. Mice were administered UD orally at doses of 100 and 200mg/kg once daily on days 18-23. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected 48 h after the final OVA challenge. Levels of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 in BALF were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Lung tissue sections 4 microm in thickness were stained with Mayer's hematoxylin and eosin for assessment of cell infiltration and mucus production with PAS (periodic acid shift reagent) staining, in conjunction with ELISA, immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses for HO-1 protein expression. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Orally administered UD significantly inhibited the number of OVA-induced inflammatory cells and IgE production, along with reduced T-helper (Th)2 cytokine levels, such as IL-4 and IL-5, in BALF and lung tissue. In addition, UD induced a marked decrease in OVA-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammatory cell infiltration and mucus production in lung tissue. These effects were correlated with HO-1 mRNA and protein induction. Our results indicate that UD protects against OVA-induced airway inflammation, at least in part, via HO-1 upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Young Lee
- Herbal Medicine EBM Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Exporo 483, Yusung-gu, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
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Lee MY, Lee NH, Seo CS, Lee JA, Jung D, Kim JH, Shin HK. Alpinia katsumadai seed extract attenuate oxidative stress and asthmatic activity in a mouse model of allergic asthma. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:1746-52. [PMID: 20385191 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Revised: 04/01/2010] [Accepted: 04/01/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by biphasic airway obstruction. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of asthmatic conditions. Thus, identification of oxidative stress markers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue from ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice could provide new insights into both the pathogenesis of the disease and the possible use of anti-oxidants to alleviate disease severity. In this study, we investigated the effect of an ethanolic extract of Alpinia katsumadai seeds (AK) on a murine model of OVA-induced asthma model. The anti-oxidant and anti-asthmatic effects of AK on OVA-induced murine airway reaction were determined through observation of Th2-type cytokine levels, eosinophil recruitment, and lung histopathology. AK was found to significantly inhibit increases in Th2-type cytokines and mRNA expression such as IL-4 and IL-5 in BALF and lung tissue, and effectively suppressed IgE, IgG2a, eosinophilia, and mucus hypersecretion in the asthmatic mouse model. Also, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in BALF was diminished by AK treatment. These findings indicate that oxidative stress may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of OVA-induced asthma model and that AK may have applications in the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Young Lee
- Herbal Medicine EBM Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Exporo, Yusung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
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Yoon WJ, Moon JY, Song G, Lee YK, Han MS, Lee JS, Ihm BS, Lee WJ, Lee NH, Hyun CG. Artemisia fukudo essential oil attenuates LPS-induced inflammation by suppressing NF-kappaB and MAPK activation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:1222-9. [PMID: 20156520 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2009] [Revised: 02/06/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the chemical constituents of Artemisia fukudo essential oil (AFE) were investigated using GC-MS. The major constituents were alpha-thujone (48.28%), beta-thujone (12.69%), camphor (6.95%) and caryophyllene (6.01%). We also examined the effects of AFE on the production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, and IL-6, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Western blotting and RT-PCR tests indicated that AFE has potent dose-dependent inhibitory effects on pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators. We investigated the mechanism by which AFE inhibits NO and PGE(2) by examining the level of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation within the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which is an inflammation-induced signal pathway in RAW 264.7 cells. AFE inhibited LPS-induced ERK, JNK, and p38 phosphorylation. Furthermore, AFE inhibited the LPS-induced phosphorylation and degradation of Ikappa-B-alpha, which is required for the nuclear translocations of the p50 and p65 NF-kappaB subunits in RAW 264.7 cells. Our results suggest that AFE might exert an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Such an effect is mediated by a blocking of NF-kappaB activation which consequently inhibits the generation of inflammatory mediators in RAW264.7 cells. AFE may be useful for treating inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Yoon
- Jeju Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju High-Tech Development Institute, Jeju, Republic of Korea
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Lee MY, Lee NH, Jung D, Lee JA, Seo CS, Lee H, Kim JH, Shin HK. Protective effects of allantoin against ovalbumin (OVA)-induced lung inflammation in a murine model of asthma. Int Immunopharmacol 2010; 10:474-80. [PMID: 20100599 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2009] [Revised: 01/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is characterized by difficulty in breathing because of the constriction of the smooth muscles of the bronchi, as a result of inflammation. In the present study, we focus on the protective effects of allantoin against ovalbumin (OVA)-induced lung inflammation in a murine allergic model, and assess cytokine release, eosinophilia, and mucus hypersecretion. Allantoin treatment led to significant reduction in the levels of Ig(immunoglobulin)E and T-helper-2-type cytokines, such as IL(interleukin)-4 and IL-5, in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. Airway inflammatory-cell infiltration was remarkably alleviated in allantoin-treated asthma groups, compared with the control group. Moreover, allantoin-treated asthma groups exhibited a marked decrease in cytokine mRNA expression in lung tissues, compared with the control group. The effectiveness of allantoin was similar to that of montelukast, used as a positive control. These results support the utility of allantoin as a protective agent against asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Young Lee
- Herbal Medicine EBM Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, P.O. Box 483, Yusung-gu, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
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Yim YK, Kang WC, Cho JH, Shin JW, Lee NH, Choi SM, Koo ST, Park KS, Son CG. Crossover clinical trial to determine the effect of manual acupuncture at Siguan points (bilateral LI4 and LR3) on intestinal motility in healthy subjects. Am J Chin Med 2007; 35:209-18. [PMID: 17436362 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x07004758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study examined whether manual acupuncture at the Siguan points (bilateral points LI4 and LR3) affects intestinal motility in healthy human subjects. Twenty healthy male subjects were randomly assigned either to real acupuncture (RA) at Siguan points or sham acupuncture (SA) groups in a crossover manner. All subjects underwent two experimental sessions; the RA group in the first session was treated with SA in the second session after a 2-week washout period, and vice versa. Each subject took 20 radio-markers and was treated with acupuncture 0, 12, 24, and 36 hours after radio-marker intake. Radiographs were taken at 6, 12.5, 24.5, and 48 hours, and the effect of acupuncture on intestinal motility was evaluated based on the distribution of the radio-markers in the ileum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid/ rectum, and outside the body. Defecating habit was monitored during the trial, and complete blood counts were checked before and after the two acupuncture sessions. The RA and SA results showed extremely similar distributions of the radio-markers in these five regions of the alimentary canal and outside the body in radiographs taken at four different times, verifying that there was no effect of manual acupuncture at the Siguan points on intestinal motility, at least in healthy human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Yim
- Department of Meridian and Acupoint, College of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon 300-716, South Korea
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Abstract
To understand most cellular processes, one must understand how genetic information is processed. A formidable challenge is the dissection of gene regulatory networks to delineate how eukaryotic cells coordinate and govern patterns of gene expression that ultimately lead to a phenotype. In this paper, we review several approaches for modeling eukaryotic gene regulatory networks and for reverse engineering such networks from experimental observations. Since we are interested in elucidating the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of colon cancer progression, we use this important biological problem to illustrate various aspects of modeling gene regulation. We discuss four important models: gene networks, transcriptional regulatory systems, Boolean networks, and dynamical Bayesian networks. We review state-of-the-art functional genomics techniques, such as gene expression profiling, cis-regulatory element identification, TF target gene identification, and gene silencing by RNA interference, which can be used to extract information about gene regulation. We can employ this information, in conjunction with appropriately designed reverse engineering algorithms, to construct a computational model of gene regulation that sufficiently predicts experimental observations. In the last part of this review, we focus on the problem of reverse engineering transcriptional regulatory networks by gene perturbations. We mathematically formulate this problem and discuss the role of experimental resolution in our ability to reconstruct accurate models of gene regulation. We conclude, by discussing a promising approach for inferring a transcriptional regulatory system from microarray data obtained by gene perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Goutsias
- Whitaker Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
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Han SY, Chang EJ, Choi HJ, Nam SI, Lee NH, Kwak CS, Park SB, Kim HC, Mun KC. Total antioxidant status and oxygen free radicals during hepatic regeneration. Transplant Proc 2006; 38:2214-5. [PMID: 16980046 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The damage induced by oxygen free radicals (OFRs) is caused by an imbalance of the production of versus the antioxidant defenses against OFRs. METHODS To understand hepatic damage induced by oxygen free radicals after hepatectomy in rats, total antioxidant status and total production of oxygen free radicals were serially measured in regeneration liver. At 1, 2, 3, 7, and 10 days after hepatectomy of Sprague-Dawley rats, blood was obtained into a capillary tube from a tail vein. Total antioxidant status and total production of oxygen free radicals were measured using the Randox kit, a colorimetric method, and the Free Radical Analytical System. We also measured the amount of malonyldialdehyde, which provides an indirect index of oxidative injury. RESULTS The level of malonyldialdehyde after hepatectomy was higher compared with that before hepatectomy. The level of total oxygen free radicals after hepatectomy was higher compared with that before hepatectomy. Total antioxidant status after hepatectomy was lower compared with that before hepatectomy. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that the damage by OFRs to the regenerating liver was caused by increased production of OFRs and decreased antioxidant defense against OFRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Han
- Dongsan Kidney Institute and Chronic Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, 194 Dong San Dong, Daegu 700-712, Korea
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Teramoto H, Miwa H, Patel V, Letwin N, Castellone MD, Imai N, Shikami M, Imamura A, Gutkind JS, Nitta M, Lee NH. Gene expression changes in a patient presenting nonleukaemic nasal granulocytic sarcoma to acute myelogenous leukaemia using 40 K cDNA microarray. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 28:262-6. [PMID: 16898967 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2257.2006.00803.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This is a case report of granulocytic sarcoma occurring as a nasal lesion prior to the onset of acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML). To understand this case in more detail, we used 40,000 human cDNA microarray to identify the gene expression patterns of nonleukaemic stage bone marrow (BM), AML stage BM and AML stage peripheral blood cells and subsequently define the molecular basis of this disease progression. Of significance, we have tracked the expression profile of BM samples during the course of nonleukaemic to leukaemic progression, and identified a number of genes that may account for the growth potential of leukaemia cells and indicate poor prognosis of this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Teramoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kojin Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
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Lee NH, Kim SH, Youk GU, Park IJ, Kim YM. Development of a pMOSFET sensor with a Gd converter for low energy neutron dosimetry. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2004; 110:277-281. [PMID: 15353659 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nch159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A pMOSFET having a 10 microm thick Gadolinium (Gd) layer has been invented as a slow neutron sensor. When slow neutrons are incident to the Gd layer, conversion electrons, which generate electron-hole pairs in the SiO2 layer of the pMOSFET, are generated by a neutron capture process. The holes are easily trapped in the oxide and act as positive-charge centres in the oxide. Due to the induced charges, the threshold turn-on voltage of the pMOSFET is changed. The developed sensors were tested at a neutron beam port of the HANARO research reactor and a 60Co irradiation facility to investigate slow neutron response and gamma ray contamination, respectively. The resultant voltage change was proportional to the accumulated neutron dose and it was very sensitive to slow neutrons. Moreover, ionising radiation contamination was negligible. It can also be used in a mixed radiation field by subtracting the voltage change of a pMOSFET without Gd from that of the Gd-pMOSFET.
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Affiliation(s)
- N H Lee
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Taejon, South Korea.
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Hegde P, Qi R, Gaspard R, Abernathy K, Dharap S, Earle-Hughes J, Gay C, Nwokekeh NU, Chen T, Saeed AI, Sharov V, Lee NH, Yeatman TJ, Quackenbush J. Identification of tumor markers in models of human colorectal cancer using a 19,200-element complementary DNA microarray. Cancer Res 2001; 61:7792-7. [PMID: 11691794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis represents a crucial transition in disease development and progression and has a profound impact on survival for a wide variety of cancers. Cell line models of metastasis have played an important role in developing our understanding of the metastatic process. We used a 19,200-element human cDNA microarray to profile transcription in three paired cell-line models of colorectal tumor metastasis. By correlating expression patterns across these cell lines, we have identified 176 genes that appear to be differentially expressed (greater than 2-fold) in all highly metastatic cell lines relative to their reference. An analysis of these genes reiterates much of our understanding of the metastatic process and suggests additional genes, many of previously uncharacterized function, that may be causatively involved in, or at least prognostic of, metastasis. Northern analysis of a limited number of these genes validates the observed pattern of expression and suggests that further investigation and functional characterization of the identified genes is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hegde
- The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA
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Miller LD, Park KS, Guo QM, Alkharouf NW, Malek RL, Lee NH, Liu ET, Cheng SY. Silencing of Wnt signaling and activation of multiple metabolic pathways in response to thyroid hormone-stimulated cell proliferation. Mol Cell Biol 2001; 21:6626-39. [PMID: 11533250 PMCID: PMC99808 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.21.19.6626-6639.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the transcriptional program underlying thyroid hormone (T3)-induced cell proliferation, cDNA microarrays were used to survey the temporal expression profiles of 4,400 genes. Of 358 responsive genes identified, 88% had not previously been reported to be transcriptionally or functionally modulated by T3. Partitioning the genes into functional classes revealed the activation of multiple pathways, including glucose metabolism, biosynthesis, transcriptional regulation, protein degradation, and detoxification in T3-induced cell proliferation. Clustering the genes by temporal expression patterns provided further insight into the dynamics of T3 response pathways. Of particular significance was the finding that T3 rapidly repressed the expression of key regulators of the Wnt signaling pathway and suppressed the transcriptional downstream elements of the beta-catenin-T-cell factor complex. This was confirmed biochemically, as beta-catenin protein levels also decreased, leading to a decrease in the transcriptional activity of a beta-catenin-responsive promoter. These results indicate that T3-induced cell proliferation is accompanied by a complex coordinated transcriptional reprogramming of many genes in different pathways and that early silencing of the Wnt pathway may be critical to this event.
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Affiliation(s)
- L D Miller
- Section of Molecular Signaling and Oncogenesis, Medicine Branch, Division of Clinical Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4255, USA
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Flores-Morales A, Ståhlberg N, Tollet-Egnell P, Lundeberg J, Malek RL, Quackenbush J, Lee NH, Norstedt G. Microarray analysis of the in vivo effects of hypophysectomy and growth hormone treatment on gene expression in the rat. Endocrinology 2001; 142:3163-76. [PMID: 11416039 DOI: 10.1210/endo.142.7.8235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Complementary DNA microarrays containing 3000 different rat genes were used to study the consequences of severe hormonal deficiency (hypophysectomy) on the gene expression patterns in heart, liver, and kidney. Hybridization signals were seen from a majority of the arrayed complementary DNAs; nonetheless, tissue-specific expression patterns could be delineated. Hypophysectomy affected the expression of genes involved in a variety of cellular functions. Between 16-29% of the detected transcripts from each tissue changed expression level as a reaction to this condition. Chronic treatment of hypophysectomized animals with human GH also caused significant changes in gene expression patterns. The study confirms previous knowledge concerning certain gene expression changes in the above-mentioned situations and provides new information regarding hypophysectomy and chronic human GH effects in the rat. Furthermore, we have identified several new genes that respond to GH treatment. Our results represent a first step toward a more global understanding of gene expression changes in states of hormonal deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Flores-Morales
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
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Ryu G, Park EK, Joo JH, Lee BH, Choi BW, Jung DS, Lee NH. A new antioxidant monoterpene glycoside, alpha-benzoyloxypaeoniflorin from Paeonia suffruticosa. Arch Pharm Res 2001; 24:105-8. [PMID: 11339628 DOI: 10.1007/bf02976476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-benzoyloxypaeoniflorin (1), a new antioxidant monoterpene alpha-glycoside anomer was isolated from Paeonia suffruticosa along with known compounds, beta-benzoyloxypaeoniflorin (2), paeonolide, paeoniflorin and mudanpioside H. The structure of 1 has been determined by comparing spectral data with those of beta-benzoyloxypaeoniflorin (2). Compound 1 exhibited moderately potent radical scavenging activity on DPPH radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ryu
- Regional Research Center, Hanbat National University, Taejon, Korea
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Malek RL, Toman RE, Edsall LC, Wong S, Chiu J, Letterle CA, Van Brocklyn JR, Milstien S, Spiegel S, Lee NH. Nrg-1 belongs to the endothelial differentiation gene family of G protein-coupled sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:5692-9. [PMID: 11069896 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m003964200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The previously cloned rat nerve growth factor-regulated G protein-coupled receptor NRG-1 (Glickman, M., Malek, R. L., Kwitek-Black, A. E., Jacob, H. J., and Lee N. H. (1999) Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 14, 141-52), also known as EDG-8, binds sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) with high affinity and specificity. In this paper we examined the signal transduction pathways regulated by the binding of S1P to EDG-8. In Chinese hamster ovary cells heterologously expressing EDG-8, S1P inhibited forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation and activated c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase. Surprisingly, S1P inhibited serum-induced activation of extracellular regulated protein kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2). Treatment with pertussis toxin, which ADP-ribosylates and inactivates G(i), blocked S1P-mediated inhibition of cAMP accumulation, but had no effect on c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase activation or inhibition of ERK1/2. The inhibitory effect of S1P on ERK1/2 activity was abolished by treatment with orthovanadate, suggesting the involvement of a tyrosine phosphatase. A subunit selective [35S] guanosine 5'-3-O-(thio)triphosphate binding assay demonstrates that EDG-8 activated G(i/o) and G12 but not Gs and G(q/11) in response to S1P. In agreement, EDG-8 did not stimulate phosphoinositide turnover or cAMP accumulation. The ability of S1P to induce mitogenesis in cells expressing the EDG-1 subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors is well characterized. In contrast, S1P inhibited proliferation in Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing EDG-8 but not empty vector. The antiproliferative effect, like S1P-mediated ERK1/2 inhibition, was orthovanadate-sensitive and pertussis toxin-insensitive. Our results indicate that EDG-8, a member of the EDG-1 subfamily, couples to unique signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Malek
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA
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