1
|
Ab Shukor NS, Abdullah R, Abdul Aziz MZ, Samson DO, Musarudin M. Dose perturbation effects by metal hip prosthesis in gynaecological 192Ir HDR brachytherapy. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 196:110751. [PMID: 36871495 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to elucidate the effects of hip prostheses in 192Ir HDR brachytherapy and determine dose uncertainties introduced by the treatment planning. A gynaecological phantom irradiated using Nucletron 192Ir microSelectron HDR source was modeled using MCNP5 code. Three hip materials considered in this study were water, bone, and metal prosthesis. According to the obtained results, a dose perturbation was observed within the medium with a higher atomic number, which reduced the dose to the nearby region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N S Ab Shukor
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - R Abdullah
- Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Department, Hospital USM, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - M Z Abdul Aziz
- Advance Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Bertam, Penang, Malaysia
| | - D O Samson
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Abuja, 900211, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - M Musarudin
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Koh S, Sew Y, Sharifudin S, A. ND, Maarof S, Abdullah R. Functional papaya beverage increases healthy gut microbiota in Streptozotocininduced diabetic Sprague Dawley rats. Food Res 2023. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.6(s4).003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a silent killer illness, characterized by hyperglycaemia effect and can
cause many health complications. A new functional papaya beverage was produced via
selected pure symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) which offers an alternative
food therapy in regulating blood glucose and its efficacy was evaluated using
Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Sprague Dawley rats for one month treatment.
Under moderate diabetes condition, SCOBY papaya beverage was shown able to reduce
high blood glucose in diabetic rats to normal level, comparably effective with commercial
drug, Metformin. Not only that, it also helped restore body weight of diabetic rats to a
healthier state with a gradual increment of body weight observed weekly. In contrast,
untreated diabetic rats experienced a sharp rise in blood glucose with stunted body weight.
Nutrigenomic studies were conducted to identify the mechanisms that support the
effectiveness of SCOBY papaya beverage as an anti-diabetic therapy. Evidence from
quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis disclosed significant higher
expression on gene markers related to insulin receptor substrate 1 (Irs1), glucose
transporter (Slc2a8) and glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (Gstm1), but lower expression of
gene markers indicative of diabetes complications and inflammation e.g., tissue inhibitors
of metalloproteinase 1 (Timp1), nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 (Nfkb1) and nitric oxide
2 (NOS2) in diabetic rats treated with SCOBY papaya beverage and Metformin (p<0.05).
SCOBY papaya treated diabetic rats showed an increment of short chain fatty acids
content and gut microbiota enriched with some beneficial microbes particularly for
Alloprevotella, Ruminococcus 1, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136, Prevotellaceae UCG-001
and Prevotellaceae NK3B31 compared to untreated diabetic rats. These data support the
effectiveness of SCOBY papaya as a functional beverage in improving intestinal health by
changing the environment of the microbiome of diabetic rats, in turn offering costeffective food therapies in blood glucose regulation.
Collapse
|
3
|
A. ND, Koh S, Aziz N, Puteh F, Abdullah R. The characterization of the bioactive compounds in fermented papaya pulp and
leaves: providing new insights on the anti-ageing potential. Food Res 2022. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.6(s2).003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, fermented food and beverages derived from plants have become popular
choices for consuming functional foods as they provide enormous advantages to human
health. Fermented food and beverage might offer more therapeutic benefits than natural
nutrition. Papaya contains high antioxidant, antitumor, and immune regulatory effects due
to its valuable phytochemical properties. Despite all the advantages, papaya leaves were
underutilised as they have an astringent and bitter taste. During this study, papaya pulp
and leaves underwent fermentation to enhance their functional properties and improve
their taste and flavour. Both papaya pulp and leaves were fermented using mixed cultures
of Komagataiebacter sp. bacteria and Dekkera sp. yeast and incubated under a controlled
fermentation process. The supernatant extracted from both fermented papaya pulp and
leaves was collected and its inhibitory effect towards the elastase, tyrosinase and
acetylcholinesterase was analysed. Elastase and tyrosinase were employed for anti-ageing
as increasing in dermal enzymatic activities will cause skin disorders. Meanwhile,
acetylcholinesterase will affect the cholinergic crisis in the brain. Thus, inhibiting these
enzymes is important for preventing hyperpigmentation, skin ageing and improving
cognitive function. In comparison to non-fermented papaya pulp and leaves, the fermented
papaya extracts demonstrated significant differences (P<0.05) in the inhibition effect
against elastase, tyrosinase and acetylcholinesterase with an inhibitory value above 80%.
Most of the flavonoids obtained in fermented papaya pulp and leaves were higher than
non-fermented pulp and leaves. Protocatechuic acid was the highest compound in
fermented papaya pulp (1.22±0.11 µg/mL), while vitexin (113.20±1.18 µg/mL), rutin
(10.56±0.52 µg/mL), and ellagic acid (8.76±0.40 µg/mL) highly contained in fermented
papaya leaves. The highest organic acids obtained from fermented papaya pulp and leaves
acetic acid (13495.42±308.99 µg/mL and 18572.48±78.45 µg/mL), followed by quinic
acid (2148.71±63.31 µg/mL and 984.40±2.29 µg/mL) and citric acid (802.57±17.68 µg/
mL and 151.83±6.50 µg/mL), respectively. The findings described the potential of
fermented papaya pulp and leaves extracts as potential bio-ingredients to slow down
ageing development
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a far‐reaching technology with tremendous applications in various aspects, including general medicine, veterinary medicine, agriculture, aquaculture, and food production. Nanomaterials have exceptional physicochemical characteristics, including increased intestinal absorption, biodistribution, bioavailability, and improved antimicrobial and catalytic properties. Although nanotechnology is gaining ground in animal management, husbandry, and production, its wide use is still hampered by occasional toxicity and side effects. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO‐NPs) have long been utilized in animal production, aquaculture, and pet animal medicine. However, the use ZnO‐NPs in animals has been associated with reports of toxicity and side effects. ZnO‐NPs may have shown numerous beneficial effects in animals; its use must be regulated with care to avoid unwanted consequences. Thus, this review emphasizes the usage of ZnO‐NPs in animal production and laboratory animals and the potential side effects associated with the use of nanoparticles as a feed supplement and therapeutic compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq
| | - Hemn Hassan Othman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | | | - Nagi A Al-Haj
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zelnor A, Yusuf N, Abdullah R. The effects of organic materials on the growth of Boesenbergia rotunda. Food Res 2022. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.5(s4).012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. commonly known as temu kunci is a perennial herb
which is botanically described as a small herbaceous plant. Temu kunci has a short, fleshy
or slender rhizome shape. The rhizomes of B. rotunda have been widely used as spices
due to their aromatic flavour, which promotes appetite. This herbal plant is also used as
flavouring agents, dyes and traditional medicine to cure various kinds of illnesses. Organic
materials have been widely used in agriculture development to improve soil quality,
increase crop yield, and plant growth performance, and reduce chemical fertilizer usage.
The adverse impact of excessive use of chemical fertilizers in conventional agricultural
practices is well documented. A field study was conducted to identify the effects of
organic materials on the growth of B. rotunda. A completely randomized design (CRD)
was used which involve seven treatments and four replication including control, chemical
fertilizer alone, and 10% additional materials in 5 kg of soil. The organic materials used in
this study are biochar, vermicompost, food waste compost, empty fruit bunch compost and
lignohumate. In this study, the vermicompost gave a significant increase and highest
reading of plant height, number of leaves, rhizome and finger roots fresh and dry weight
compared to other treatments. In conclusion, organic materials can give positive effects on
the growth of B. rotunda and at the same time can reduce the dependencies on chemical
fertilizer.
Collapse
|
6
|
Fadhel Abbas Albaayit S, Maharjan R, Abdullah R, Hezmee Mohd Noor M. Evaluation of anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus property of zerumbone. J Appl Biomed 2022; 20:15-21. [PMID: 35170271 DOI: 10.32725/jab.2022.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Zerumbone has been reported to exert anti-microbial effects, but the mechanism by which the compound exerts its action is not known. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the mechanism of action of zerumbone against methicillin-resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), using the atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and flow cytometry techniques. METHODS MRSA (NCTC 13277) cell viability was determined using the microplate AlamarBlue assay. AFM and SEM were used to determine the morphology of zerumbone-treated MRSA cells. Flow cytometric analysis was used to determine the effect of zerumbone on bacterial membrane permeability and membrane potential, using the propidium iodide (PI) staining method, membrane potential-sensitive fluorescence probe, and DiBAC4(3) dye. DCFDA dye was used to determine the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by MRSA. RESULTS Zerumbone significantly inhibited MRSA growth with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 125 µg/ml. The AFM analysis showed that zerumbone caused leakage of cytoplasmic content from the bacterial cells. Ultrastructure analysis showed small colonies of the bacteria with pores on the membrane surface. There were increases in zerumbone-treated MRSA PI and DiBAC4(3) fluorescence, indicating an increase in cell membrane permeability and a decrease in membrane potential that culminated in the loss of membrane structural integrity and bacterial death. Based on DCFDA dye analysis, zerumbone also reduced ROS production by MRSA. CONCLUSIONS Zerumbone exerts anti-MRSA effects by causing membrane depolarization, increasing membrane permeability, and finally disrupting cell membrane and bacterial killing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rukesh Maharjan
- University of Karachi, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hezmee Mohd Noor
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rahman HS, Abdulateef DS, Hussen NH, Salih AF, Othman HH, Mahmood Abdulla T, Omer SHS, Mohammed TH, Mohammed MO, Aziz MS, Abdullah R. Recent Advancements on COVID-19: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:10351-10372. [PMID: 34992449 PMCID: PMC8713878 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s339475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last few decades, there have been several global outbreaks of severe respiratory infections. The causes of these outbreaks were coronaviruses that had infected birds, mammals and humans. The outbreaks predominantly caused respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract symptoms and other mild to very severe clinical signs. The current coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a rapidly spreading illness affecting millions of people worldwide. Among the countries most affected by the disease are the United States of America (USA), India, Brazil, and Russia, with France recording the highest infection, morbidity, and mortality rates. Since early January 2021, thousands of articles have been published on COVID-19. Most of these articles were consistent with the reports on the mode of transmission, spread, duration, and severity of the sickness. Thus, this review comprehensively discusses the most critical aspects of COVID-19, including etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, transmission, pathological changes, diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control, and vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq
| | - Darya Saeed Abdulateef
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq
| | - Narmin Hamaamin Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq
| | - Aso Faiq Salih
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq
| | - Hemn Hassan Othman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq
| | - Trifa Mahmood Abdulla
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq
| | - Shirwan Hama Salih Omer
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq
| | - Talar Hamaali Mohammed
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq
| | - Mohammed Omar Mohammed
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq
| | - Masrur Sleman Aziz
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Republic of Iraq
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fadhel Abbas Albaayit S, Khan MA, Abdullah R, Hezmee Mohd Noor M. Ethyl acetate extract of Clausena excavata induces growth inhibition of non-small-lung cancer, NCI-H460, cell line via apoptosis. J Appl Biomed 2021; 19:40-47. [PMID: 34907714 DOI: 10.32725/jab.2021.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Clausena excavata Burm. f is a plant used in folklore medicine for the treatment of various ailments in South East Asia. The plant parts contain chemical components that are cytotoxic to many cancer cells. OBJECTIVE The study investigated the cytotoxic effects of ethyl acetate, methanol and chloroform C. excavata leaf extracts on the non-small-lung cancer, NCI-H460, cell line. METHODS Based on the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5,-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, among extracts, ethyl acetate C. excavata leaf extract (EACE) was the most potent anti-NCI-H460 cells, with IC50 value of 47.1 ± 6.1 μg/ml. The effects of EACE on NCI-H460 cells were also determined by clonogenic, 4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and annexin-V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide-PI flow cytometric assays. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptotic gene expressions was determined via flow cytometry and real-time quantitative PCR, respectively. RESULTS EACE-treated NCI-H460 cells after 48 h underwent apoptosis as evident by loss of cell viability, cell shrinkage, and chromatin condensation. The results also showed EACE mediated increase in ROS production by the NCI-H460 cells. After 48 h treatment, EACE increased the pro-apoptotic BAX and decreased the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, Survivin and c-Myc gene expressions. CONCLUSIONS EACE is a potential anti-lung cancer by increasing cancer cell ROS production and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariam Ashfaq Khan
- University of Karachi, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Dr. Panjwani center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hezmee Mohd Noor
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Middour-Oxler B, Dhingra L, Georgiopoulos A, Wang J, Friedman D, Shiffman M, Portenoy R, DiFiglia S, Fischer F, Abdullah R, Berdella M, Hadjiliadis D, Kier C, Markovitz M, Walker P, Yonker L, Linnemann R. 219: Improving assessment for CF pediatric palliative care: Initial development of the ADAPT-CF communication guide with children and caregivers. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)01644-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
10
|
Izham MNM, Hussin Y, Rahim NFC, Aziz MNM, Yeap SK, Rahman HS, Masarudin MJ, Mohamad NE, Abdullah R, Alitheen NB. Physicochemical characterization, cytotoxic effect and toxicity evaluation of nanostructured lipid carrier loaded with eucalyptol. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:254. [PMID: 34620132 PMCID: PMC8496055 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03422-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Eucalyptol is an active compound of eucalyptus essential oil and was reported to have many medical attributes including cytotoxic effect on breast cancer cells. However, it has low solubility in aqueous solutions which limits its bioavailability and cytotoxic efficiency. In this study, nanostructured lipid carrier loaded with eucalyptol (NLC-Eu) was formulated and characterized and the cytotoxic effect of NLC-Eu towards breast cancer cell lines was determined. In addition, its toxicity in animal model, BALB/c mice was also incorporated into this study to validate the safety of NLC-Eu. Methods Eucalyptol, a monoterpene oxide active, was used to formulate the NLC-Eu by using high pressure homogenization technique. The physicochemical characterization of NLC-Eu was performed to assess its morphology, particle size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential. The in vitro cytotoxic effects of this encapsulated eucalyptol on human (MDA MB-231) and murine (4 T1) breast cancer cell lines were determined using the MTT assay. Additionally, acridine orange/propidium iodide assay was conducted on the NLC-Eu treated MDA MB-231 cells. The in vivo sub-chronic toxicity of the prepared NLC-Eu was investigated using an in vivo BALB/c mice model. Results As a result, the light, translucent, milky-colored NLC-Eu showed particle size of 71.800 ± 2.144 nm, poly-dispersity index of 0.258 ± 0.003, and zeta potential of − 2.927 ± 0.163 mV. Furthermore, the TEM results of NLC-Eu displayed irregular round to spherical morphology with narrow size distribution and relatively uniformed particles. The drug loading capacity and entrapment efficiency of NLC-Eu were 4.99 and 90.93%, respectively. Furthermore, NLC-Eu exhibited cytotoxic effects on both, human and mice, breast cancer cells with IC50 values of 10.00 ± 4.81 μg/mL and 17.70 ± 0.57 μg/mL, respectively at 72 h. NLC-Eu also induced apoptosis on the MDA MB-231 cells. In the sub-chronic toxicity study, all of the studied mice did not show any signs of toxicity, abnormality or mortality. Besides that, no significant changes were observed in the body weight, internal organ index, hepatic and renal histopathology, serum biochemistry, nitric oxide and malondialdehyde contents. Conclusions This study suggests that the well-characterized NLC-Eu offers a safe and promising carrier system which has cytotoxic effect on breast cancer cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mira Nadiah Mohd Izham
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yazmin Hussin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Fattin Che Rahim
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Nazirul Mubin Aziz
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, 43900, Sepang, Malaysia
| | - Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, 0046, Republic of Iraq
| | - Mas Jaffri Masarudin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Elyani Mohamad
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noorjahan Banu Alitheen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. .,UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Othman AH, Goh YM, Mohamed Mustapha N, Raghazli R, Kaka U, Imlan JC, Abubakar AA, Abdullah R. Physiological and electroencephalographic changes in goats subjected to transportation, lairage, and slaughter. Anim Sci J 2021; 92:e13610. [PMID: 34390058 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This preliminary trial investigated the effect of transportation and lairage periods on physiological parameters of goats subjected to slaughter. Nine male Boer cross goats aged 8-12 months were transported for 6 h and kept at lairage for 3, 6, or 16 h (n = 3). Blood samples were collected at pre- (pre-T) and post-transportation (post-T), and post-slaughter (post-S) for determination of hematological parameters, serum enzyme, protein, and cortisol concentrations. Electroencephalogram readings were taken at pre-T, post-T, pre-slaughter (pre-S), and post-S to determine the median frequency (F50 ) and total power (Ptot) values. At post-T, there were manifestations of stress leukogram; increase in hematocrit, total protein, and muscle enzyme concentrations; and decrease in Ptot (p < 0.05). The high pre-T cortisol concentration suggests that the goats were already under stress before transportation. Stress leukogram became less evident after lairage, indicating that the goats had recovered from the stress of transportation. Although the Ptot increased at post-S especially following 3 h of lairage, F50 values at post-S did not differ from pre-L, suggesting that the pre-slaughter stress may have affected the pain threshold. It is suggested that after 6 h of transportation, goats should ideally be placed in lairage for a minimum period of 3 h before slaughter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azalea-Hani Othman
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Yong Meng Goh
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Noordin Mohamed Mustapha
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Razlina Raghazli
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Ubedullah Kaka
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Jurhamid Columbres Imlan
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Southern Mindanao, Kabacan, The Philippines
| | - Ahmed Abubakar Abubakar
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
P'NG H, Tay J, Yakob S, Wong H, Abdullah R. POS-680 A NATIONWIDE SURVEY OF NEPHROLOGISTS REGARDING PERCEPTION ON RENAL PALLIATIVE CARE SERVICES IN MALAYSIA. Kidney Int Rep 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.03.711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
13
|
Lai CK, Tay KT, Abdullah R. Development of the rural Palliative Care Services by the Kuala Lipis District Hospital. Med J Malaysia 2021; 76:233-235. [PMID: 33742634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In recognising the palliative care (PC) needs globally and in Malaysia, services were developed to serve the rural area of Kuala Lipis, Pahang. This communication describes the initial a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis, stages of development towards achieving a successful implementation. PC services were led by Kuala Lipis district hospital include inpatient referrals, outpatient and community care through home visits. These services involve multi-disciplinary team inclusive of representatives from health clinics and allied health. Referrals and opioid usage have demonstrated an increasing trend since its implementation in October 2018. Implementation of rural PC services is feasible; however, long-term sustainability needs to addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C K Lai
- Hospital Kuala Lipis, Department of Internal Medicine (Palliative Care Subspecialty), Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - K T Tay
- Hospital Kuala Lipis, Department of Internal Medicine (Palliative Care Subspecialty), Pahang, Malaysia
| | - R Abdullah
- Hospital Putrajaya, Department of Medicine, Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Albaayit SFA, Maharjan R, Abdullah R, Noor MHM. Anti- Enterococcus Faecalis, Cytotoxicity, Phytotoxicity, and Anticancer Studies on Clausena excavata Burum. f. (Rutaceae) Leaves. Biomed Res Int 2021; 2021:3123476. [PMID: 33748267 PMCID: PMC7954634 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3123476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clausena excavata Burum. f. has long been applied in ethnomedicine for the treatment of various disorders like rhinitis, headache, cough, wound healing, fever, and detoxification. This study is aimed at investigating the antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 49532 using AlamarBlue assay and atomic force microscopy (AFM) as well as the cytotoxicity, anticancer, and phytotoxicity of C. excavata. METHOD Bacterial cell viability was performed by using microplate AlamarBlue assay. Atomic force microscopy was used to determine morphological changes in the surface of bacterial cells. Cytotoxicity and phytotoxicity were determined by brine shrimp lethality and Lemna minor bioassay. Caco-2 (colorectal adenocarcinoma) cell line was used for the evaluation of the anticancer effects. RESULT Among the fractions tested, ethyl acetate (EA) fraction was found to be active with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 750 μg/mL against E. faecalis, but other fractions were found to be insensitive to bacterial growth. Microscopically, the EA fraction-treated bacteria showed highly damaged cells with their cytoplasmic content scattered all over. The LC50 value of the EA fraction against brine shrimp was more than 1000 μg/mL showing the nontoxic nature of this fraction. Chloroform (CH), EA, and methanol (MOH) fractions of C. excavata were highly herbicidal at the concentration of 1000 μg/mL. EA inhibited Caco-2 cell line with an IC50 of 20 μg/mL. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to reveal anti-E. faecalis property of EA fraction of C. excavata leaves, natural herbicidal, and anticancer agents thus highlight the potential compound present in its leaf which needs to be isolated and tested against multidrug-resistant E. faecalis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rukesh Maharjan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hezmee Mohd Noor
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Koh S, Maarof S, Sew Y, S. S, Abdullah R, Mohd Danial A, A. ND, Mustaffa R. Fermented jackfruit leaf beverage offers new affordable and effective diabetes therapy. Food Res 2020. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.4(s6).012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is complicated multifactorial disorders characterised by hyperglycemia
or glucose intolerance. Globally, the number of people suffering from diabetes has
increased steadily. Jackfruit leaf, a rich source of phytochemicals offers the opportunity
for the development of value-added products. A fermented jackfruit leaf beverage product
was developed using symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) as cost-effective
beneficial treatment for mankind in the management of diabetes. The effectiveness of this
fermented jackfruit leaf beverage as an anti-diabetic therapy agent was evaluated using
Streptozotocin-induced Sprague Dawley rats model for 4 weeks. The findings depict that,
there was a remarkable reduction of blood glucose level in fermented jackfruit leaf-treated
diabetic rats as opposed to non-treated diabetic rats, comparable with metformin-treated
diabetic rats. The body weight and various relative organ weights of diabetic rats treated
with fermented jackfruit leaf beverage showed a healthy recovery sign from diabetes
symptoms. The blood haematology profile, liver and kidney function analysis revealed no
toxic effect of prolong fermented jackfruit leaf beverage consumption. These results
indicated that fermented jackfruit leaf beverage has similar anti-diabetic properties with
commercial anti-diabetic drugs with no adverse side effect. Promisingly, it offers a
cheaper source to alleviate the diabetes epidemic in a natural way.
Collapse
|
16
|
Mohd Danial A, Koh S, Abdullah R, Azali A. Evidence of potent antibacterial effect of fermented papaya leaf against opportunistic skin pathogenic microbes. Food Res 2020. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.4(s6).011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The papaya leaf juice has been long practised as a traditional remedy to cure ailments due
to its medicinal properties. The objective of this research is to study the effectiveness of
fermented papaya leaf to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria and yeast:
Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Propionibacterium acnes and Candida
albicans. The efficacy of fermented papaya leaf against selected pathogenic microbes was
evaluated using agar well diffusion assay, broth microdilution assay and time-kill test.
Evidence from data collected confirmed that fermented papaya leaf supernatant showed
more pronounced antibacterial and antifungal effect than papaya leaf alone. Generally,
fermented papaya leaf supernatant demonstrated potent antimicrobial effect against all
bacterial pathogens tested particularly P. aeruginosa followed by P. acne and S. aureus.
However, it was found that fermented papaya leaf was less effective against Candida
albicans. It needs 4- to 7-folds higher concentration to inhibit 50% C. albicans growth
than the bacteria. The antibacterial compounds produced in the supernatant appeared to
have some bactericidal effect against P. aeruginosa, P. acne and S. aureus with the
minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC>99) of 16%, 50% and 60%, respectively.
Particularly, the fermented papaya leaf supernatant at 60% concentration showed 100%
inhibition rate within 30 mins against P. aeruginosa. However, it needs a longer time to
show the same inhibition effect against S. aureus and P. acne, which was about 2-6 h. The
potent killing effect of fermented papaya leaf showed a potential use in skincare
application to control pathogenic microbe infection
Collapse
|
17
|
Rahman HS, Tan BL, Othman HH, Chartrand MS, Pathak Y, Mohan S, Abdullah R, Alitheen NB. An Overview of In Vitro, In Vivo, and Computational Techniques for Cancer-Associated Angiogenesis Studies. Biomed Res Int 2020; 2020:8857428. [PMID: 33381591 PMCID: PMC7748901 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8857428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a crucial area in scientific research because it involves many important physiological and pathological processes. Indeed, angiogenesis is critical for normal physiological processes, including wound healing and embryonic development, as well as being a component of many disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, obesity, and diabetic retinopathies. Investigations of angiogenic mechanisms require assays that can activate the critical steps of angiogenesis as well as provide a tool for assessing the efficacy of therapeutic agents. Thus, angiogenesis assays are key tools for studying the mechanisms of angiogenesis and identifying the potential therapeutic strategies to modulate neovascularization. However, the regulation of angiogenesis is highly complex and not fully understood. Difficulties in assessing the regulators of angiogenic response have necessitated the development of an alternative approach. In this paper, we review the standard models for the study of tumor angiogenesis on the macroscopic scale that include in vitro, in vivo, and computational models. We also highlight the differences in several modeling approaches and describe key advances in understanding the computational models that contributed to the knowledge base of the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, 46001 Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Komar University of Science and Technology, Chaq Chaq Qularaesee, 46001 Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Bee Ling Tan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hemn Hassan Othman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, 46001 Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | | | - Yashwant Pathak
- College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA and Adjunct Professor at Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noorjahan Banu Alitheen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Bio-Molecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rahman HS, Bayz KA, Hussein RH, Abdalla AI, Othman HH, Amin KM, Abdullah R. Phytochemical analysis and hepatoprotective activity of Raphanus sativus var. sativus in Sprague-Dawley rats. TROP J PHARM RES 2020. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v19i8.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To determine the phenolic and flavonoid contents of R. sativus rhizome ethanol extract and the hepatoprotective effect of the extract in rats.
Methods: Folin–Ciocalteau and aluminum chloride colorimetric tests were used to determine the contents of phenols and flavonoids in the R. sativus extract. Male Sprague-Dawley rats induced with CCl4 to develop hepatotoxicity were treated orally with R. sativus extract for 4 weeks. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the extract on the liver were determined by evaluating the concentration of oxidative analytes, serum liver enzymes and lipids, and hepatic histopathology and cytochrome P450 2E1 expression.
Results: R. sativus extract significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the hepatotoxic effect of CCl4 via its antioxidant activities and protection of liver tissues from oxidative damage.
Conclusion: The hepatoprotective effects of R. sativus rhizome ethanol extract are attributed to its highphenolic and flavonoid contents.
Keywords: R. savitus rhizome, Phenols, Flavonoid contents, antioxidant, Hepatoprotective
Collapse
|
19
|
Zakarial Ansar FH, Latifah SY, Wan Kamal WHB, Khong KC, Ng Y, Foong JN, Gopalsamy B, Ng WK, How CW, Ong YS, Abdullah R, Aziz MY. Pharmacokinetics and Biodistribution of Thymoquinone-loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carrier After Oral and Intravenous Administration into Rats. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:7703-7717. [PMID: 33116496 PMCID: PMC7553255 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s262395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thymoquinone (TQ), an active compound isolated from Nigella sativa, has been proven to exhibit various biological properties such as antioxidant. Although oral delivery of TQ is valuable, it is limited by poor oral bioavailability and low solubility. Recently, TQ-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (TQ-NLC) was formulated with the aim of overcoming the limitations. TQ-NLC was successfully synthesized by the high-pressure homogenization method with remarkable physiochemical properties whereby the particle size is less than 100 nm, improved encapsulation efficiency and is stable up to 24 months of storage. Nevertheless, the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of TQ-NLC have not been studied. This study determined the bioavailability of oral and intravenous administration of thymoquinone-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (TQ-NLC) in rats and its distribution to organs. Materials and Methods TQ-NLC was radiolabeled with technetium-99m before the administration to the rats. The biodistribution and pharmacokinetics parameters were then evaluated at various time points. The rats were imaged at time intervals and the percentage of the injected dose/gram (%ID/g) in blood and each organ was analyzed. Results Oral administration of TQ-NLC exhibited greater relative bioavailability compared to intravenous administration. It is postulated that the movement of TQ-NLC through the intestinal lymphatic system bypasses the first metabolism and therefore enhances the relative bioavailability. However, oral administration has a slower absorption rate compared to intravenous administration where the AUC0-∞ was 4.539 times lower than the latter. Conclusion TQ-NLC had better absorption when administered intravenously compared to oral administration. However, oral administration showed greater bioavailability compared to the intravenous route. This study provides the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution profile of TQ-NLC in vivo which is useful to assist researchers in clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatin Hannani Zakarial Ansar
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Saiful Yazan Latifah
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Hamirul Bahrin Wan Kamal
- Laboratory of Preclinical Study, Block 24, Medical Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Khei Choong Khong
- Laboratory of Preclinical Study, Block 24, Medical Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yen Ng
- Laboratory of Preclinical Study, Block 24, Medical Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jia Ning Foong
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Banulata Gopalsamy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wei Keat Ng
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chee Wun How
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yong Sze Ong
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Yusmaidie Aziz
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, University of Science Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mallipattu SK, Jawa R, Moffitt R, Hajagos J, Fries B, Nachman S, Gan TJ, Saltz M, Saltz J, Kaushansky K, Skopicki H, Abell-Hart K, Chaudhri I, Deng J, Garcia V, Gayen S, Kurc T, Bolotova O, Yoo J, Dhaliwal S, Nataraj N, Sun S, Tsai C, Wang Y, Abbasi S, Abdullah R, Ahmad S, Bai K, Bennett-Guerrero E, Chua A, Gomes C, Griffel M, Kalogeropoulos A, Kiamanesh D, Kim N, Koraishy F, Lingham V, Mansour M, Marcos L, Miller J, Poovathor S, Rubano J, Rutigliano D, Sands M, Santora C, Schwartz J, Shroyer K, Spitzer S, Stopeck A, Talamini M, Tharakan M, Vosswinkel J, Wertheim W, Mallipattu SK, Jawa R, Moffitt R, Hajagos J, Fries B, Nachman S, Gan TJ, Saltz M, Saltz J, Kaushansky K, Skopicki H, Abell-Hart K, Chaudhri I, Deng J, Garcia V, Gayen S, Kurc T, Bolotova O, Yoo J, Dhaliwal S, Nataraj N, Sun S, Tsai C, Wang Y, Abbasi S, Abdullah R, Ahmad S, Bai K, Bennett-Guerrero E, Chua A, Gomes C, Griffel M, Kalogeropoulos A, Kiamanesh D, Kim N, Koraishy F, Lingham V, Mansour M, Marcos L, Miller J, Poovathor S, Rubano J, Rutigliano D, Sands M, Santora C, Schwartz J, Shroyer K, Spitzer S, Stopeck A, Talamini M, Tharakan M, Vosswinkel J, Wertheim W. Geospatial Distribution and Predictors of Mortality in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19: A Cohort Study. Open Forum Infect Dis 2020; 7:ofaa436. [PMID: 33117852 PMCID: PMC7543608 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic offers the opportunity to assess how hospitals manage the care of hospitalized patients with varying demographics and clinical presentations. The goal of this study was to demonstrate the impact of densely populated residential areas on hospitalization and to identify predictors of length of stay and mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in one of the hardest hit counties internationally. METHODS This was a single-center cohort study of 1325 sequentially hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in New York between March 2, 2020, to May 11, 2020. Geospatial distribution of study patients' residences relative to population density in the region were mapped, and data analysis included hospital length of stay, need and duration of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and mortality. Logistic regression models were constructed to predict discharge dispositions in the remaining active study patients. RESULTS The median age of the study cohort (interquartile range [IQR]) was 62 (49-75) years, and more than half were male (57%) with history of hypertension (60%), obesity (41%), and diabetes (42%). Geographic residence of the study patients was disproportionately associated with areas of higher population density (r s = 0.235; P = .004), with noted "hot spots" in the region. Study patients were predominantly hypertensive (MAP > 90 mmHg; 670, 51%) on presentation with lymphopenia (590, 55%), hyponatremia (411, 31%), and kidney dysfunction (estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2; 381, 29%). Of the patients with a disposition (1188/1325), 15% (182/1188) required IMV and 21% (250/1188) developed acute kidney injury. In patients on IMV, the median (IQR) hospital length of stay in survivors (22 [16.5-29.5] days) was significantly longer than that of nonsurvivors (15 [10-23.75] days), but this was not due to prolonged time on the ventilator. The overall mortality in all hospitalized patients was 15%, and in patients receiving IMV it was 48%, which is predicted to minimally rise from 48% to 49% based on logistic regression models constructed to project disposition in the remaining patients on ventilators. Acute kidney injury during hospitalization (odds ratioE, 3.23) was the strongest predictor of mortality in patients requiring IMV. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to collectively utilize the demographics, clinical characteristics, and hospital course of COVID-19 patients to identify predictors of poor outcomes that can be used for resource allocation in future waves of the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - S K Mallipattu
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - R Jawa
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - R Moffitt
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - J Hajagos
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - B Fries
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Nachman
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - T J Gan
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Saltz
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - J Saltz
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - K Kaushansky
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - H Skopicki
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - K Abell-Hart
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - I Chaudhri
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - J Deng
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - V Garcia
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Gayen
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - T Kurc
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - O Bolotova
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - J Yoo
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Dhaliwal
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - N Nataraj
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Sun
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - C Tsai
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Abbasi
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - R Abdullah
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Ahmad
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - K Bai
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - E Bennett-Guerrero
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Chua
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - C Gomes
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Griffel
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Kalogeropoulos
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - D Kiamanesh
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - N Kim
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - F Koraishy
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - V Lingham
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Mansour
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - L Marcos
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - J Miller
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Poovathor
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - J Rubano
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - D Rutigliano
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Sands
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - C Santora
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - J Schwartz
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - K Shroyer
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Spitzer
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Stopeck
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Talamini
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Tharakan
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - J Vosswinkel
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - W Wertheim
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S K Mallipattu
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - R Jawa
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - R Moffitt
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - J Hajagos
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - B Fries
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Nachman
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - T J Gan
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Saltz
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - J Saltz
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - K Kaushansky
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - H Skopicki
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - K Abell-Hart
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - I Chaudhri
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - J Deng
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - V Garcia
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Gayen
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - T Kurc
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - O Bolotova
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - J Yoo
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Dhaliwal
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - N Nataraj
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Sun
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - C Tsai
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Abbasi
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - R Abdullah
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Ahmad
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - K Bai
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - E Bennett-Guerrero
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Chua
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - C Gomes
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Griffel
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Kalogeropoulos
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - D Kiamanesh
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - N Kim
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - F Koraishy
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - V Lingham
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Mansour
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - L Marcos
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - J Miller
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Poovathor
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - J Rubano
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - D Rutigliano
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Sands
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - C Santora
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - J Schwartz
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - K Shroyer
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Spitzer
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Stopeck
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Talamini
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Tharakan
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - J Vosswinkel
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - W Wertheim
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Rahman HS, Aziz MS, Hussein RH, Othman HH, Salih Omer SH, Khalid ES, Abdulrahman NA, Amin K, Abdullah R. The transmission modes and sources of COVID-19: A systematic review. Int J Surg Open 2020; 26:125-136. [PMID: 34568614 PMCID: PMC7484735 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijso.2020.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The current rampant coronavirus infection in humans, commonly known as COVID-19, a pandemic that may cause mortality in humans, has been declared a global emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO). The morbidity and mortality rates due to the pandemic are increasing rapidly worldwide, with the USA most affected by the disease. The source COVID-19 is not absolutely clear; however, the disease may be transmitted by either by COVID-19-positive individuals or from a contaminated environment. In this review, we focused on how the COVID-19 virus is transmitted in the community. An extensive literature search was conducted using specific keywords and criteria. Based on the published report, it is concluded that COVID-19 is primarily transmitted human-to-human via oral and respiratory aerosols and droplets with the virus-contaminated environment play a lesser role in the propagation of disease. Healthcare providers and the elderly with comorbidities are especially susceptible to the infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
- College of Health Sciences, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kawa Amin
- College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Iqtedar MD, Riaz H, Kaleem A, Abdullah R, Aihetasham A, Naz S, Sharif S. Biosynthesis, optimization and characterization of ZnO nanoparticles using Bacillus cereus MN181367 and their antimicrobial activity against multidrug resistant bacteria. RMIQ 2020. [DOI: 10.24275/rmiq/bio1605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
23
|
Damulira E, Yusoff MNS, Omar AF, Taib NHM, Kamal SAM, Dani SM, Abdullah R. Current-Voltage Response of Cold White LED Strip to Radiotherapeutic Electron and Photon Beams: A Preliminary Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1505/1/012008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
24
|
Nordin N, Yeap SK, Rahman HS, Zamberi NR, Mohamad NE, Abu N, Masarudin MJ, Abdullah R, Alitheen NB. Antitumor and Anti-Metastatic Effects of Citral-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carrier in 4T1-Induced Breast Cancer Mouse Model. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112670. [PMID: 32526880 PMCID: PMC7321383 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer nano-therapy has been progressing rapidly with the introduction of many novel drug delivery systems. The previous study has reported on the in vitro cytotoxicity of citral-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC-Citral) on MDA-MB-231 cells and some preliminary in vivo antitumor effects on 4T1 breast cancer cells challenged mice. However, the in vivo apoptosis induction and anti-metastatic effects of NLC-Citral have yet to be reported. In this study, the in vitro cytotoxic, anti-migration, and anti-invasion effects of NLC-Citral were tested on 4T1 breast cancer cells. In addition, the in vivo antitumor effects of oral delivery of NLC-Citral was also evaluated on BALB/c mice induced with 4T1 cells. In vitro cytotoxicity results showed that NLC-Citral and citral gave similar IC50 values on 4T1 cells. However, wound healing, migration, and invasion assays reflected better in vitro anti-metastasis potential for NLC-Citral than citral alone. Results from the in vivo study indicated that both NLC-Citral and citral have anti-tumor and anti-metastasis effects, whereby the NLC-Citral showed better efficacy than citral in all experiments. Also, the delay of tumor progression was through the suppression of the c-myc gene expression and induction of apoptosis in the tumor. In addition, the inhibition of metastasis of 4T1 cells to lung and bone marrow by the NLC-Citral and citral treatments was correlated with the downregulation of metastasis-related genes expression including MMP-9, ICAM, iNOS, and NF-kB and the angiogenesis-related proteins including G-CSF alpha, Eotaxin, bFGF, VEGF, IL-1alpha, and M-CSF in the tumor. Moreover, NLC-Citral showed greater downregulation of MMP-9, iNOS, ICAM, Eotaxin, bFGF, VEGF, and M-CSF than citral treatment in the 4T1-challenged mice, which may contribute to the better anti-metastatic effect of the encapsulated citral. This study suggests that NLC is a potential and effective delivery system for citral to target triple-negative breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noraini Nordin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; (N.N.); (H.S.R.); (N.R.Z.); (N.E.M.); (N.A.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang 43900, Malaysia;
| | - Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; (N.N.); (H.S.R.); (N.R.Z.); (N.E.M.); (N.A.); (M.J.M.)
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Nur Rizi Zamberi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; (N.N.); (H.S.R.); (N.R.Z.); (N.E.M.); (N.A.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Nurul Elyani Mohamad
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; (N.N.); (H.S.R.); (N.R.Z.); (N.E.M.); (N.A.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Nadiah Abu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; (N.N.); (H.S.R.); (N.R.Z.); (N.E.M.); (N.A.); (M.J.M.)
- UKM Medical Centre, UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mas Jaffri Masarudin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; (N.N.); (H.S.R.); (N.R.Z.); (N.E.M.); (N.A.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Noorjahan Banu Alitheen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; (N.N.); (H.S.R.); (N.R.Z.); (N.E.M.); (N.A.); (M.J.M.)
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-389467471
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zakaria F, Mohd Noor M, Abdullah R. SAT-314 EVALUATION OF TRADITIONAL AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE USED AMONG CHRONIC HAEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS IN MALAYSIA AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ITS USAGE. Kidney Int Rep 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.02.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
26
|
Rahman HS, Ahmad GA, Mustapha B, Al-Rawi HA, Hussein RH, Amin K, Othman HH, Abdullah R. Wet cupping therapy ameliorates pain in patients with hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes: A controlled clinical study. International Journal of Surgery Open 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijso.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
27
|
Abdullah R, Bjornebekk A, Dejgaard L, Hauger L, Edvardsen T, Haugaa K, Almaas V. P2545Long-term use of anabolic-androgenic steroids in male weightlifters is associated with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Illicit use of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) is widespread and has adverse psychological and cardiovascular effects. Few well-powered studies have explored the effect of long-term AAS-use on left ventricular systolic function.
Purpose
To explore the relationship between long-term use of AAS and left ventricular mass and systolic function.
Methods
We included male weightlifters with a history of >1 year of cumulative AAS-use and male weightlifters unexposed to AAS. We performed echocardiography in all and assessed left ventricular mass using 2D echocardiographic linear measurements and Cube formula, left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) ad modum Simpson, and left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS) by speckle-tracking echocardiography.
Results
We recruited 100 male weightlifters, 58 of whom were previous or current AAS-users with mean±SD AAS-use of 10.4±7.0 years, and 42 unexposed weightlifters. There were no difference in age (35.5±9.2 vs. 35.3±7.5 years, p=0.8) nor body mass index (BMI) (BMI 31.4±5.0 vs. 30.1±3.5, p=0.6) between AAS-exposed and unexposed weightlifters. Compared with unexposed weightlifters, AAS-exposed weightlifters demonstrated thicker interventricular septum (11.2±2.4 vs. 9.2±1.3 mm, p<0.001), thicker left ventricular posterior wall dimension (10.1±2.1 vs. 8.9±1.3 mm, p<0.001), and higher left ventricular mass index (99.7±25.4 vs. 78.4±12.1 g/m2, p<0.001). Both left ventricular EF and left ventricular GLS were decreased in AAS-exposed weightlifters compared with unexposed weightlifters (49±9 vs. 53±6%, p=0.02, and −15.6±2.6 vs. −18.3±2.1%, p<0.001) (Figure).
Conclusion
AAS use in male weightlifters was associated with increased left ventricular mass and impaired left ventricular systolic function. Our results suggest considerable adverse cardiac effects of AAS use, but the results need confirmation in prospective observational trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - A Bjornebekk
- Oslo University Hospital, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, National Advisory Unit on Substance Use Disorder Treatment, Oslo, Norway
| | - L Dejgaard
- Oslo University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - L Hauger
- Oslo University Hospital, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, National Advisory Unit on Substance Use Disorder Treatment, Oslo, Norway
| | - T Edvardsen
- Oslo University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - K Haugaa
- Oslo University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - V Almaas
- Oslo University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Adnan A, Allaudin ZN, Hani H, Loh HS, Khoo TJ, Ting KN, Abdullah R. Virucidal activity of Garcinia parvifolia leaf extracts in animal cell culture. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:169. [PMID: 31291936 PMCID: PMC6617885 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2586-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Garcinia species contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, xanthones, triterpernoids, and benzophenones with antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. In addition, many of these compounds show interesting biological properties such as anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity. Garcinia parvifolia is used in traditional medicine. Currently, the antiviral activity of G. parvifolia is not known. Methods This study was conducted to determine the effects of ethyl acetate (45 L Ea), ethanol (45 L Et), and hexane (45 L H) leaf extracts of G. parvifolia on the infectivity of pseudorabies virus (PrV) in Vero cells. The antiviral effects of the extracts were determined by cytopathic effect (CPE), inhibition, attachment, and virucidal assays. Results The 50% cytotoxicity concentration (CC50) values obtained were 237.5, 555.0, and < 1.25 μg/mL for 45 L Ea, 45 L Et, and 45 L H, respectively. The 45 L Ea showed the greatest viral inhibition potency of 75% at 125 μg/mL. Both 45 L Ea and 45 l Et caused 100% residual viral inhibition at 250 μg/mL. The selectivity index values for 45 L Ea, 45 L Et, and 45 L H were 2.65, 1.75, and 0.10 showing that 45 L Ea had the greatest antiviral activity among the three extracts. Conclusion This study showed that ethyl acetate is the best solvent to be used to obtain extract from G. parvifolia leaves with potent antiviral activities.
Collapse
|
29
|
Mohd-Lila MA, Yee LK, Cen LS, Bala JA, Balakrishnan KN, Allaudin ZN, Abdul Rahman SO, Hani H, Abdullah R. The application of naked DNA plasmid (DrZP3) and recombinant adenovirus (Ad-rZP3) in rat animal model to determine comparative efficacy of ZP3-Immunocontraceptive vaccines. Microb Pathog 2019; 134:103572. [PMID: 31163251 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The common physical and chemical methods for controlling rat pest are less than satisfactory and inhumane. Immunocontraception approach has been considered more humane and it can be accomplished by inducing the relevant host immune response that block further development of reproductive gametes. ZP3 proteins are known to play very important role during sperm-ovum fertilization. It is a self-antigen and only localized in female ovaries. Therefore, an immunization with ZP3 protein elsewhere will induce a generalize host immune response against ZP3 protein. This study employed rat ZP3 (rZP3) gene prepared from its cDNA of Rattus rattus diardii. It was delivered and expressed in vivo by naked plamid DNA (DrZP3) or recombinant ZP3-Adenovirus (Ad-rZP3). Expression studies in vitro with DrZP3 or Ad-ZP3 showed rZP3 proteins were successfully expressed in Vero cells. Hyperimmune serum against rZP3 that were prepared by immunizing several rats with purified rZP3-pichia yeast fusion protein showed it blocked sperms from binding DrZP3-transfected Vero cells. Female Sprague Dawley rats immunized with DrZP3 demonstrated a long-term effect for significant reduction of fertility up to 92.6%. Ovaries from rats immunized with DrZP3 were severely atrophied with disappearance of primordial follicles from ovarian cortex with an increased in the amount of oocyte-free cell clusters. Female rats immunized with Ad-rZP3 demonstrated 27% reduction of fertility. The infertility induced by Ad-rZP3 is comparatively low and ineffective. This could be due to a strong host immune response that suppresses the recombinant virus itself resulted in minimum rZP3 protein presentation to the host immune system. As a result, low antibody titers produced against rZP3 is insufficient to block oocytes from maturity and fertilization. Therefore, immunization with DrZP3 for immunocontraception is more effective than Ad-rZP3 recombinant adenovirus. It is proposed to explore further on the use of adenovirus or other alternative viruses to deliver ZP3 protein and for the development of enhanced expression of rZP3 in target host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd-Azmi Mohd-Lila
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Lai Kit Yee
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lo Sewn Cen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jamilu Abubakar Bala
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Microbiology Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano, Nigeria, P.M.B. 3011, Kano, Nigeria
| | | | - Zeenathul Nazariah Allaudin
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sheikh-Omar Abdul Rahman
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Homayoun Hani
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Madzuki IN, Lau SF, Abdullah R, Mohd Ishak NI, Mohamed S. Vernonia amygdalina inhibited osteoarthritis development by anti-inflammatory and anticollagenase pathways in cartilage explant and osteoarthritis-induced rat model. Phytother Res 2019; 33:1784-1793. [PMID: 31033070 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Vernonia amygdalina (VA) is a medicinal tropical herb for diabetes and malaria and believed to be beneficial for joint pains. The antiosteorthritis effects of VA leaf in cartilage explant assays and on postmenopausal osteoarthritis (OA) rat model were investigated. The VA reduced the proteoglycan and nitric oxide release from the cartilage explants with interleukin 1β (IL-1β) stimulation. For the preclinical investigation, ovariectomized (OVX) female rats were grouped (n = 8) into nontreated OA, OA + diclofenac (5 mg/kg), OA + VA extract (150 and 300 mg/kg), and healthy sham control. Monosodium iodoacetate was injected into the knee joints to accelerate OA development. After 8 weeks, the macroscopic, microscopic, and histological images showed that the OA rats treated with VA 300 mg/kg and diclofenac had significantly reduced cartilage erosions and osteophytes unlike the control OA rats. The extract significantly down-regulated the inflammatory prostaglandin E2, nuclear factor κβ, IL-1β, ADAMTS-5, collagen type 10α1, and caspase3 in the OVX-OA rats. It up-regulated the anti-inflammatory IL-10 and collagen type 2α1 mRNA expressions, besides reducing serum collagenases (MMP-3 and MMP-13) and collagen type II degradation biomarker (CTX-II) levels in these rats. The VA (containing various caffeoyl-quinic acids, flavanone-O-rutinoside, luteolin, apigenin derivative and vernonioside D) suppressed inflammation, pain, collagenases as well as cartilage degradation, and improved cartilage matrix synthesis to prevent OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iffah Nadhira Madzuki
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia.,Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Padang Besar, Malaysia
| | - Seng Fong Lau
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia
| | | | - Suhaila Mohamed
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Mayaki AM, Intan-Shameha AR, Noraniza MA, Mazlina M, Adamu L, Abdullah R. Clinical investigation of back disorders in horses: A retrospective study (2002-2017). Vet World 2019; 12:377-381. [PMID: 31089306 PMCID: PMC6487254 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.377-381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Back disorder is an ailment that often affects athletic and riding horses. Despite the rapidly growing equine athletic and equestrian activities, there is no documentation on the nature of equine back disorder (EBD) in Malaysian horses. The purpose of this study was to characterize EBD cases presented to University Veterinary Hospital, Universiti Putra Malaysia, between 2002 and 2017. Materials and Methods: The compilation of data was based on signalment, case history, duration of clinical signs, anatomical location of the pain, method of diagnosis, type of EBD, treatment, and outcome. The diagnosis of EBD was based on a history of poor performance, clinical examination findings, radiography, and, where applicable, necropsy. Results: A total of 181 diagnosed cases of EBDs were identified. The age of horses ranged from 5 to 22 years. The EBD cases were more prevalent in male than female horses and predominantly in geldings (60.77%). Thoroughbred, Arab, Polo pony, and Warmblood also recorded the most EBD cases among breeds. The discipline of horses tended to influence the development of EBDs, with patrolling horses recording the highest frequency. Most EBD cases were of the primary type (92.27%), with the main causes being soft-tissue lesions (57.48%), vertebral lesions (18.56%), tack-associated problems (16.77%), and neurological lesions (7.19%). The common treatments employed were administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, 1 to 3-month rest, warm and cold compression therapy, massage therapy, exercise adjustment, as well as correction of ill-saddle fit. Conclusion: Most EBDs in this study were associated with soft-tissue lesions. Among vertebral lesions, kissing spines were the most common cause of EBDs in horses in Malaysia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abubakar Musa Mayaki
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, City Campus Complex, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Abdul Razak Intan-Shameha
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Adzahan Noraniza
- Department of Farm and Exotic Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mazlan Mazlina
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lawan Adamu
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Nordin N, Yeap SK, Rahman HS, Zamberi NR, Abu N, Mohamad NE, How CW, Masarudin MJ, Abdullah R, Alitheen NB. In vitro cytotoxicity and anticancer effects of citral nanostructured lipid carrier on MDA MBA-231 human breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1614. [PMID: 30733560 PMCID: PMC6367486 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38214-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Very recently, we postulated that the incorporation of citral into nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC-Citral) improves solubility and delivery of the citral without toxic effects in vivo. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate anti-cancer effects of NLC-Citral in MDA MB-231 cells in vitro through the Annexin V, cell cycle, JC-1 and fluorometric assays. Additionally, this study is aimed to effects of NLC-Citral in reducing the tumor weight and size in 4T1 induced murine breast cancer model. Results showed that NLC-Citral induced apoptosis and G2/M arrest in MDA MB-231 cells. Furthermore, a prominent anti-metastatic ability of NLC-Citral was demonstrated in vitro using scratch, migration and invasion assays. A significant reduction of migrated and invaded cells was observed in the NLC-Citral treated MDA MB-231 cells. To further evaluate the apoptotic and anti-metastatic mechanism of NLC-Citral at the molecular level, microarray-based gene expression and proteomic profiling were conducted. Based on the result obtained, NLC-Citral was found to regulate several important signaling pathways related to cancer development such as apoptosis, cell cycle, and metastasis signaling pathways. Additionally, gene expression analysis was validated through the targeted RNA sequencing and real-time polymerase chain reaction. In conclusion, the NLC-Citral inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells in vitro, majorly through the induction of apoptosis, anti-metastasis, anti-angiogenesis potentials, and reducing the tumor weight and size without altering the therapeutic effects of citral.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noraini Nordin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Clinic and Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Nur Rizi Zamberi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nadiah Abu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,UKM Medical Centre, UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Cheras, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Elyani Mohamad
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chee Wun How
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Malaysia
| | - Mas Jaffri Masarudin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noorjahan Banu Alitheen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Samad N, Abdul A, Rahman H, Abdullah R, Tengku Ibrahim T, Othman H. Antiproliferative and antiangiogenic effects of zerumbone from Zingiber zerumbet L. Smith in sprague dawley rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma. Pharmacogn Mag 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_118_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
34
|
Vejan P, Abdullah R, Khadiran T, Ismail S. Encapsulation of Bacillus salmalaya 139SI using double coating biopolymer technique. Lett Appl Microbiol 2018; 68:56-63. [PMID: 30339728 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable crop production for a rapidly growing human population is one of the current challenges faced by the agricultural sector. However, many of the chemical agents used in agriculture can be hazardous to humans, non-targeted organism and environment. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria have demonstrated a role in promoting plant growth and health under various stress conditions including disease. Unfortunately, bacterial viability degrades due to temperature and other environmental factors (Bashan et al., Plant Soil 378: 1-33, 2014). Encapsulation of bacteria into core-shell biopolymers is one of the promising techniques to overcome the problem. This study deals with the encapsulation of Bacillus salmalaya 139SI using simple double coating biopolymer technique which consist of brown rice protein/alginate and 0·5% low molecular weight chitosan of pH 4 and 6. The influence of biopolymer to bacteria mass ratio and the chitosan pH on the encapsulation process, physic-chemical, morphology and bioactivity properties of encapsulated B. salmalaya 139SI have been studied systematically. Based on the analysis of physico-chemical, morphology and bioactivity properties, B. salmalaya 139S1 encapsulated using double coating encapsulation technology has promising viability pre- and postfreeze-drying with excellent encapsulation yields of 99·7 and 89·3% respectively. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The need of a simple yet effective way of encapsulating plant growth promoting rhizobacteria is crucial to further improve their benefits to global sustainable agriculture practice. Effective encapsulation allows for protection, controlled release and function of the micro-organism, as well as providing a longer shelf life for the product. This research report offers an innovative yet simple way of encapsulating using double coating technology with environmentally friendly biopolymers that could degrade and provide nutrients when in soil. Importantly, the bioactivity of the bacteria is maintained upon encapsulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Vejan
- Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R Abdullah
- Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Faculty of Science, Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - T Khadiran
- Forest Product Divisions, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong, Malaysia
| | - S Ismail
- Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abdullah AA, Balakrishnan KN, Bala JA, Abdullah FFJ, Nazariah ZA, Abdullah R, Noordin MM, Mohd-Lila MA. Cytomegalovirus Replication Steps and the Actions of Antiviral Drugs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.2174/2211352516666180619155021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a beta herpesvirus that inflicts an active infection in the
fetus and immunosuppressive patients. The virus encodes many proteins that work together with cellular
factors to achieve virus replication. In addition to vaccines, antiviral drugs can be deployed to manipulate
how the virus replicates and minimize its pathogenicity. The five antiviral drugs approved by the Food
and Drug Administration (FDA) have shown adverse reactions and the antiviral drug resistance were
reported. Hence, this warrants the need for urgent development of a novel antiviral drug. Detailed understanding
of the virus replication steps and how cellular signals interact with these steps will be key for
pharmacological developments of for anti HCMV drugs. This review summarized all the drugs that target
the virus proteins and cell signals that mediate CMV replication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwaq Ahmed Abdullah
- Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia
| | - Krishnan Nair Balakrishnan
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia
| | - Jamilu Abubakar Bala
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia
| | - Faez Firdaus Jesse Abdullah
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia
| | - Zeenatul Allaudin Nazariah
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Mustapha Noordin
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia
| | - Mohd-Azmi Mohd-Lila
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Shikh Maidin M, Padlan MH, Azuan SAN, Jonit R, Mohammed NH, Abdullah R. Supplementation of Nigella sativa Oil and Honey Prolong the Survival Rate of Fresh and Post-Thawed Goat Sperms. Trop Anim Sci J 2018. [DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2018.41.2.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
37
|
Abdullah R. APPLICATION OF RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY FOR STATISTICAL OPTIMIZATION OF LIPASE PRODUCTION BY Penicillium sp. EMPLOYING SOLID STATE FERMENTATION. Rev Mex Ing Quim 2018. [DOI: 10.24275/uam/izt/dcbi/revmexingquim/2018v17n3/abdullah] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
38
|
Ong YS, Saiful Yazan L, Ng WK, Abdullah R, Mustapha NM, Sapuan S, Foo JB, Tor YS, How CW, Abd Rahman N, Zakarial Ansar FH. Thymoquinone loaded in nanostructured lipid carrier showed enhanced anticancer activity in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:1567-1582. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the enhancement of anticancer activity of thymoquinone (TQ) by the use of nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) in 4T1 tumor-bearing female BALB/c mice. Material & methods: TQ was incorporated into NLC (TQNLC) by using high pressure homogenization. TQNLC and TQ were orally administered to the mice. Results & conclusion: TQNLC and TQ are potential chemotherapeutic drugs as they exhibited anticancer activity. The use of NLC as a carrier has enhanced the therapeutic property of TQ by increasing the survival rate of mice. The antimetastasis effect of TQNLC and TQ to the lungs was evidence by downregulation of MMP-2. TQNLC and TQ induced apoptosis via modulation of Bcl-2 and caspase-8 in the intrinsic apoptotic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Sze Ong
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Latifah Saiful Yazan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wei Keat Ng
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Department of Pathology & Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Noordin M Mustapha
- Department of Pathology & Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Sarah Sapuan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jhi Biau Foo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yin Sim Tor
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chee Wun How
- Department of Pathology & Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Napsiah Abd Rahman
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fatin Hannani Zakarial Ansar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Saber-Ayad M, Bajbouj K, Ramakrishnan R, Ihmaid A, Al Haj Ali S, Alalool A, Abdullah R, Hamid Q. PO-015 Potentiating anti-neoplastic effect of cisplatin by a protein arginine methyltransferase 5 selective inhibitor in lung adenocarcinoma cells. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
40
|
Abdulkhaleq LA, Assi MA, Abdullah R, Zamri-Saad M, Taufiq-Yap YH, Hezmee MNM. The crucial roles of inflammatory mediators in inflammation: A review. Vet World 2018; 11:627-635. [PMID: 29915501 PMCID: PMC5993766 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.627-635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory response is a crucial aspect of the tissues' responses to deleterious inflammogens. This complex response involves leukocytes cells such as macrophages, neutrophils, and lymphocytes, also known as inflammatory cells. In response to the inflammatory process, these cells release specialized substances which include vasoactive amines and peptides, eicosanoids, proinflammatory cytokines, and acute-phase proteins, which mediate the inflammatory process by preventing further tissue damage and ultimately resulting in healing and restoration of tissue function. This review discusses the role of the inflammatory cells as well as their by-products in the mediation of inflammatory process. A brief insight into the role of natural anti-inflammatory agents is also discussed. The significance of this study is to explore further and understand the potential mechanism of inflammatory processes to take full advantage of vast and advanced anti-inflammatory therapies. This review aimed to reemphasize the importance on the knowledge of inflammatory processes with the addition of newest and current issues pertaining to this phenomenon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L. A. Abdulkhaleq
- Department of Pathology and Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - M. A. Assi
- Department of Community Health, College of Health and Medical Techniques, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Iraq
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - M. Zamri-Saad
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Y. H. Taufiq-Yap
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sains, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - M. N. M. Hezmee
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Waziri PM, Abdullah R, Rosli R, Omar AR, Abdul AB, Kassim NK, Malami I, Etti IC, Sani JM, Mohd Lila MA, Abdullah JFF. Clausenidin Induces Caspase 8-Dependent Apoptosis and Suppresses Production of VEGF in Liver Cancer Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:917-922. [PMID: 29693341 PMCID: PMC6031786 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.4.917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Clausena excavata Burm f. is used by traditional healers to treat cancer patients in South East Asia. The use of the
plant and its compounds is based on Asian folklore with little or no scientific evidence supporting the therapeutic efficacy
The current study aimed to determine the effect of pure clausenidin isolated from C. excavata on caspase-8-induced cell
death as well as angiogenesis in the HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. Caspase-8 and extrinsic death receptor
protein expression was determined using spectrophotometry and protein profile arrays, respectively. Ultrastructural
analysis of clausenidin-treated cells was conducted using transmission electron microscopy. In addition, anti-angiogenic
effects of clausenidin were investigated by Western blot analysis. Clausenidin significantly (p<0.05) increased the
activity of caspase-8 and expression of protein components of the death inducing signaling complex (DISC) in HepG2
cells. Ultrastructural analysis of the clausenidin-treated HepG2 cells revealed morphological abnormalities typical of
apoptosis. Furthermore, clausenidin significantly (p<0.05) decreased the expression of vascular endothelial growth
factor (VEGF). Therefore, clausenidin is a potential anti-angiogenic agent which may induce apoptosis of hepatocellular
carcinoma cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Waziri
- MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Biochemistry, Kaduna State University, Main Campus, PMB 2336, Kaduna, Nigeria.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Sahabi K, Selvarajah GT, Abdullah R, Cheah YK, Tan GC. Comparative aspects of microRNA expression in canine and human cancers. J Vet Sci 2018; 19:162-171. [PMID: 28927253 PMCID: PMC5879064 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2018.19.2.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have important roles in all biological pathways in multicellular organisms. Over 1,400 human miRNAs have been identified, and many are conserved among vertebrates and invertebrates. Regulation of miRNA is the most common mode of post-transcriptional gene regulation. The miRNAs that are involved in the initiation and progression of cancers are termed oncomiRs and several of them have been identified in canine and human cancers. Similarly, several miRNAs have been reported to be down-regulated in cancers of the two species. In this review, current information on the expression and roles of miRNAs in oncogenesis and progression of human and canine cancers, as well the roles miRNAs have in cancer stem cell biology, are highlighted. The potential for the use of miRNAs as therapeutic targets in personalized cancer therapy in domestic dogs and their possible application in human cancer counterparts are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kabiru Sahabi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Gayathri T Selvarajah
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Yoke Kqueen Cheah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Geok Chin Tan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Nordin ML, Abdul Kadir A, Zakaria ZA, Abdullah R, Abdullah MNH. In vitro investigation of cytotoxic and antioxidative activities of Ardisia crispa against breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. Altern Ther Health Med 2018. [PMID: 29530022 PMCID: PMC5848562 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2153-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Ardisia crispa Thunb. D.C is used mostly in some parts of the Asian region by traditional practitioners to treat certain diseases associated with oxidative stress and inflammation including cancer and rheumatism. In Malaysia, it is popularly known as ‘Mata Ayam’ and local traditional practitioners believed that the root of the plant is therapeutically beneficial. Methods The cytotoxic effect of hydromethanolic extract of A. crispa and its solvents partitions (ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts) against breast cancer cells were evaluated by using MTT assay. The cells were treated with concentration of extracts ranging from 15.63 μg/mL- 1000 μg/mL for 72 h. The quantification of phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extracts were carried out to determine the relationship between of phytochemical compounds responsible for cytotoxic and antioxidative activities. The antioxidant capacity was measured by DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging assay and expressed as milligram (mg) Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity per 1 g (g) of tested extract. Results The hydromethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts showed moderate cytotoxic effect against MCF-7 with IC50 values of 57.35 ± 19.33 μg/mL, and 54.98 ± 14.10 μg/mL, respectively but aqueous extract was inactive against MCF-7. For MDA-MB-231, hydromethanolic, ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts exhibited weak cytotoxic effects against MDA-MB-231 with IC50 values more than 100 μg/mL. The plant revealed high total phenolic content, total flavonoid and antioxidant capacity. Conclusion The response of different type of breast cancer cell lines towards A. crispa extract and its partitions varied. Accordingly, hydromethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts appear to be more cytotoxic to oestrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer than oestrogen receptor (ER) negative breast cancer. However, aqueous extract appears to have poor activity to both types of breast cancer. Besides that, hydromethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts exhibit higher TPC, TFC and antioxidant capacity compared to aqueous extract. Synergistic effect of anticancer and antioxidant bioactives compounds of A. crispa plausibly contributed to the cytotoxic effects of the extract.
Collapse
|
44
|
Rabaiee NA, Aziz MZA, Hashim R, Abdullah R, Yusoff AL, Malik MA, Tajuddin AA. Calculation of dose distribution on Rhizophora spp soy protein phantom at 6 MV photon beam energy using Monte Carlo method. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v9i6s.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
45
|
Dzulkefli N, Abdullah R, Jaafar A, Shafie R, Yassin I, Rizman Z, Abidin H. Design an automatic temperature control system based on pic controller for smart ventilation fan. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v9i3s.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
46
|
Hanafiah M, Abdullah R, Din J, Murad M. Architectural design of experience based factory model for software development process in cloud computing: integration with workflow and multi-agent system. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v9i4s.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
47
|
Ja’afar H, Abdullah R, Omar S, Shafie R, Ismail N, Rustam I. Design and development of plasma antenna for wi-fi application. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v9i5s.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
48
|
Nordin N, Yeap SK, Zamberi NR, Abu N, Mohamad NE, Rahman HS, How CW, Masarudin MJ, Abdullah R, Alitheen NB. Characterization and toxicity of citral incorporated with nanostructured lipid carrier. PeerJ 2018; 6:e3916. [PMID: 29312812 PMCID: PMC5756616 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The nanoparticle as a cancer drug delivery vehicle is rapidly under investigation due to its promising applicability as a novel drug delivery system for anticancer agents. This study describes the development, characterization and toxicity studies of a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) system for citral. Citral was loaded into the NLC using high pressure homogenization methods. The characterizations of NLC-citral were then determined through various methods. Based on Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) analysis, NLC-Citral showed a spherical shape with an average diameter size of 54.12 ± 0.30 nm and a polydipersity index of 0.224 ± 0.005. The zeta potential of NLC-Citral was −12.73 ± 0.34 mV with an entrapment efficiency of 98.9 ± 0.124%, and drug loading of 9.84 ± 0.041%. Safety profile of the formulation was examined via in vitro and in vivo routes to study its effects toward normal cells. NLC-Citral exhibited no toxic effects towards the proliferation of mice splenocytes. Moreover, no mortality and toxic signs were observed in the treated groups after 28 days of treatment. There were also no significant alterations in serum biochemical analysis for all treatments. Increase in immunomodulatory effects of treated NLC-Citral and Citral groups was verified from the increase in CD4/CD3 and CD8/CD3 T cell population in both NLC-citral and citral treated splenocytes. This study suggests that NLC is a promising drug delivery system for citral as it has the potential in sustaining drug release without inducing any toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noraini Nordin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Rizi Zamberi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nadiah Abu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,UKM Medical Centre, UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Cheras, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Elyani Mohamad
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimanyah, Sulaimanyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Chee Wun How
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Malaysia
| | - Mas Jaffri Masarudin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noorjahan Banu Alitheen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Rahman H, Mohammed H, Fattah H, Othman H, Amin K, Abdullah R. Phytochemical analysis and augmentation of pulmonary adenocarcinoma in BALB/c mice model treated with flaxseed oil. Front Pharmacol 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fphar.2018.63.00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
50
|
Waziri P, Abdullah R, Kassim K, Sani J. Clausenidin suppresses the production of VEGF and inhibits angiogenesis of HepG2 cells. Front Pharmacol 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fphar.2018.63.00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|