1
|
Crowley JJ, Cappi C, Ochoa-Panaifo ME, Frederick RM, Kook M, Wiese AD, Rancourt D, Atkinson EG, Giusti-Rodriguez P, Anderberg JL, Abramowitz JS, Adorno VR, Aguirre C, Alves GS, Alves GS, Ancalade N, Arellano Espinosa AA, Arnold PD, Ayton DM, Barbosa IG, Castano LMB, Barrera CN, Berardo MC, Berrones D, Best JR, Bigdeli TB, Burton CL, Buxbaum JD, Callahan JL, Carneiro MCB, Cepeda SL, Chazelle E, Chire JM, Munoz MC, Quiroz PC, Cobite J, Comer JS, Costa DL, Crosbie J, Cruz VO, Dager G, Daza LF, de la Rosa-Gómez A, Del Río D, Delage FZ, Dreher CB, Fay L, Fazio T, Ferrão YA, Ferreira GM, Figueroa EG, Fontenelle LF, Forero DA, Fragoso DTH, Gadad BS, Garrison SR, González A, Gonzalez LD, González MA, Gonzalez-Barrios P, Goodman WK, Grice DE, Guintivano J, Guttfreund DG, Guzick AG, Halvorsen MW, Hovey JD, Huang H, Irreño-Sotomonte J, Janssen-Aguilar R, Jensen M, Jimenez Reynolds AZ, Lujambio JAJ, Khalfe N, Knutsen MA, Lack C, Lanzagorta N, Lima MO, Longhurst MO, Lozada Martinez DA, Luna ES, Marques AH, Martinez MS, de Los Angeles Matos M, Maye CE, McGuire JF, Menezes G, Minaya C, Miño T, Mithani SM, de Oca CM, Morales-Rivero A, Moreira-de-Oliveira ME, Morris OJ, Muñoz SI, Naqqash Z, Núñez Bracho AA, Núñez Bracho BE, Rojas MCO, Olavarria Castaman LA, Balmaceda TO, Ortega I, Patel DI, Patrick AK, Paz Y Mino M, Perales Orellana JL, Stumpf BP, Peregrina T, Duarte TP, Piacsek KL, Placencia M, Prieto MB, Quarantini LC, Quarantini-Alvim Y, Ramos RT, Ramos IC, Ramos VR, Ramsey KA, Ray EV, Richter MA, Riemann BC, Rivas JC, Rosario MC, Ruggero CJ, Ruiz-Chow AA, Ruiz-Velasco A, Sagarnaga MN, Sampaio AS, Saraiva LC, Schachar RJ, Schneider SC, Schweissing EJ, Seligman LD, Shavitt RG, Soileau KJ, Stewart SE, Storch SB, Strouphauer ER, Cuevas VT, Timpano KR, la Garza BTD, Vallejo-Silva A, Vargas-Medrano J, Vásquez MI, Martinez GV, Weinzimmer SA, Yanez MA, Zai G, Zapata-Restrepo LM, Zappa LM, Zepeda-Burgos RM, Zoghbi AW, Miguel EC, Rodriguez CI, Martinez Mallen MC, Moya PR, Borda T, Moyano MB, Mattheisen M, Pereira S, Lázaro-Muñoz G, Martinez-Gonzalez KG, Pato MT, Nicolini H, Storch EA. Latin American Trans-ancestry INitiative for OCD genomics (LATINO): Study protocol. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2024; 195:e32962. [PMID: 37946624 PMCID: PMC11076176 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating psychiatric disorder. Worldwide, its prevalence is ~2% and its etiology is mostly unknown. Identifying biological factors contributing to OCD will elucidate underlying mechanisms and might contribute to improved treatment outcomes. Genomic studies of OCD are beginning to reveal long-sought risk loci, but >95% of the cases currently in analysis are of homogenous European ancestry. If not addressed, this Eurocentric bias will result in OCD genomic findings being more accurate for individuals of European ancestry than other ancestries, thereby contributing to health disparities in potential future applications of genomics. In this study protocol paper, we describe the Latin American Trans-ancestry INitiative for OCD genomics (LATINO, https://www.latinostudy.org). LATINO is a new network of investigators from across Latin America, the United States, and Canada who have begun to collect DNA and clinical data from 5000 richly phenotyped OCD cases of Latin American ancestry in a culturally sensitive and ethical manner. In this project, we will utilize trans-ancestry genomic analyses to accelerate the identification of OCD risk loci, fine-map putative causal variants, and improve the performance of polygenic risk scores in diverse populations. We will also capitalize on rich clinical data to examine the genetics of treatment response, biologically plausible OCD subtypes, and symptom dimensions. Additionally, LATINO will help elucidate the diversity of the clinical presentations of OCD across cultures through various trainings developed and offered in collaboration with Latin American investigators. We believe this study will advance the important goal of global mental health discovery and equity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James J Crowley
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Carolina Cappi
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Renee M Frederick
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Minjee Kook
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew D Wiese
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Diana Rancourt
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Elizabeth G Atkinson
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Paola Giusti-Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Jacey L Anderberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jonathan S Abramowitz
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Victor R Adorno
- Hospital Psiquiátrico de Asunción, Direccion General, Asuncion, Central, Paraguay
| | - Cinthia Aguirre
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Hospital Psiquiátrico de Asunción, Asuncion, Central, Paraguay
| | - Gilberto S Alves
- Hospital Nina Rodrigues/Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Sao Luis do Maranhao, Maranhao, Brazil
| | - Gustavo S Alves
- Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Serviço de Psiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia-LANP, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - NaEshia Ancalade
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Paul D Arnold
- The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Daphne M Ayton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Izabela G Barbosa
- Departamento de Saúde Mental da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - María Celeste Berardo
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Tourette, TOC, TDAH y Trastornos Asociados (CITA), Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Dayan Berrones
- Department of Psychology, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - John R Best
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tim B Bigdeli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, USA
- VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Christie L Burton
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joseph D Buxbaum
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Maria Cecília B Carneiro
- Departamento de Psiquiatria e Medicina Legal, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
| | - Sandra L Cepeda
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Evelyn Chazelle
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Tourette, TOC, TDAH y Trastornos Asociados (CITA), Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jessica M Chire
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental "Honorio Delgado-Hideyo Noguchi", Dirección de Niños y Adolescentes Lima, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | - Journa Cobite
- Department of Counseling Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jonathan S Comer
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Daniel L Costa
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Victor O Cruz
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental "Honorio Delgado-Hideyo Noguchi", Oficina Ejecutiva de Investigación, Lima, Lima, Peru
- School of Medicine, Universidad San Martin de Porres, Lima, Lima, Peru
| | - Guillermo Dager
- Corporación Universitaria Rafael Nuñez, Cartagena, Bolivar, Colombia
| | - Luisa F Daza
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Universitario Del Valle, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
| | - Anabel de la Rosa-Gómez
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | | | - Fernanda Z Delage
- Departamento de Medicina Forense e Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
| | - Carolina B Dreher
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Clínica Médica, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lucila Fay
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Tourette, TOC, TDAH y Trastornos Asociados (CITA), Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tomas Fazio
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Tourette, TOC, TDAH y Trastornos Asociados (CITA), Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ygor A Ferrão
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriela M Ferreira
- Departamento de Medicina Forense e Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
- Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
| | - Edith G Figueroa
- Departamento de Psiquiatría de Adultos, Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental "Honorio Delgado-Hideyo Noguchi", Lima, Lima, Peru
| | - Leonardo F Fontenelle
- Departamento de Psiquiatria e Medicina Legal, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Diego A Forero
- Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, Escuela de Salud y Ciencias del Deporte, Bogota, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Daniele T H Fragoso
- Departamento de Medicina Forense e Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
| | - Bharathi S Gadad
- Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Laura D Gonzalez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Tourette, TOC, TDAH y Trastornos Asociados (CITA), Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marco A González
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Polaris Gonzalez-Barrios
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad de Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
- Universidad de Puerto Rico Campus de Ciências Médicas, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Wayne K Goodman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Dorothy E Grice
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jerry Guintivano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Andrew G Guzick
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Matthew W Halvorsen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Joseph D Hovey
- Department of Psychological Science, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA
| | - Hailiang Huang
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan Irreño-Sotomonte
- Center for Mental Health-Cersame, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, District of Colombia, Colombia
| | - Reinhard Janssen-Aguilar
- Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suarez, Subdirección de Psiquiatría, Ciudad de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Matias Jensen
- Centro de Neurociencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | | | | | - Nasim Khalfe
- Baylor College of Medicine, School of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Madison A Knutsen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Psychology, Augustana College, Rock Island, Illinois, USA
| | - Caleb Lack
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Nuria Lanzagorta
- Departamento de Investigación Clínica, Grupo Médico Carracci, Ciudad de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Monicke O Lima
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Melanie O Longhurst
- Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | | | - Elba S Luna
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental "Honorio Delgado-Hideyo Noguchi", Oficina Ejecutiva de Investigación, Lima, Lima, Peru
| | - Andrea H Marques
- National Institute of Mental Heatlh (NIMH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Molly S Martinez
- DFW OCD Treatment Specialists, Richardson, Texas, USA
- Specialists in OCD and Anxiety Recovery (SOAR), Richardson, Texas, USA
| | - Maria de Los Angeles Matos
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Tourette, TOC, TDAH y Trastornos Asociados (CITA), Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Caitlyn E Maye
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Joseph F McGuire
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Gabriela Menezes
- Programa de Ansiedade, Obsessões e Compulsões, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Charlene Minaya
- Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tomás Miño
- Centro de Neurociencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Sara M Mithani
- School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Maria E Moreira-de-Oliveira
- Programa de Ansiedade, Obsessões e Compulsões, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Olivia J Morris
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sandra I Muñoz
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Zainab Naqqash
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Trinidad Olivos Balmaceda
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Iliana Ortega
- The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Darpan I Patel
- School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Ainsley K Patrick
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mariel Paz Y Mino
- Clínica de Salud Mental USFQ, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Jose L Perales Orellana
- Universidad Tegnológica Privada de Santa Cruz (UTEPSA), Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Andres Ibañez, Bolivia
| | - Bárbara Perdigão Stumpf
- Departamento de Saúde Mental da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Maritza Placencia
- Departamento Académico de Ciencias Dinámicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Lima, Peru
| | - María Belén Prieto
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Tourette, TOC, TDAH y Trastornos Asociados (CITA), Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucas C Quarantini
- Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Serviço de Psiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia-LANP, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Yana Quarantini-Alvim
- Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Serviço de Psiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia-LANP, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Faculdade Santa Casa, Faculdade de Psicologia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Renato T Ramos
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Iaroslava C Ramos
- Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Frederick Thompson Anxiety Disorders Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vanessa R Ramos
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kesley A Ramsey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Elise V Ray
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Margaret A Richter
- Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Juan C Rivas
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Universitario Del Valle, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidad ICESI, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
| | - Maria C Rosario
- Departamento de Psiquiatria da, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camilo J Ruggero
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | | | - Alejandra Ruiz-Velasco
- Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Melisa N Sagarnaga
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Aline S Sampaio
- Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Serviço de Psiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia-LANP, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Leonardo C Saraiva
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sophie C Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ethan J Schweissing
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Laura D Seligman
- Department of Psychological Science, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA
| | - Roseli G Shavitt
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Keaton J Soileau
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - S Evelyn Stewart
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- BC Mental Health and Substance Use Services, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shaina B Storch
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Vissente Tapia Cuevas
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Kiara R Timpano
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | | | - Alexie Vallejo-Silva
- Center for Mental Health-Cersame, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, District of Colombia, Colombia
| | - Javier Vargas-Medrano
- Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - María I Vásquez
- Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza, Servicio de Salud Mental, Lima, Lima, Peru
| | - Guadalupe Vidal Martinez
- Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Saira A Weinzimmer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mauricio A Yanez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gwyneth Zai
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Brain Sciences, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Neurogenetics Section, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lina M Zapata-Restrepo
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad ICESI, Cali, Valle, Colombia
- Department of Neurology, Global Brain Health Institute-University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Luz M Zappa
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Tourette, TOC, TDAH y Trastornos Asociados (CITA), Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Salud Mental, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Hospital Universitario Austral, Materno Infantil, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Raquel M Zepeda-Burgos
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias y Humanidades, Universidad Dr. José Matías Delgado, Santa Tecla, La Libertad, El Salvador
| | - Anthony W Zoghbi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Euripedes C Miguel
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolyn I Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | | | - Pablo R Moya
- Universidad de Valparaíso, Instituto de Fisiología Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaiso (CINV), Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Tania Borda
- Instituto Realize, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Catolica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Beatriz Moyano
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Tourette, TOC, TDAH y Trastornos Asociados (CITA), Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Asociación de Psiquiatras Argentinos (APSA), Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Asociación de Psiquiatras Argentinos (APSA), Presidente del Capítulo de Investigacion en Psiquiatria, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Manuel Mattheisen
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology & Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- LMU Munich, Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), Munich, Germany
| | - Stacey Pereira
- Baylor College of Medicine, Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz
- Center for Bioethics, Harvard University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Michele T Pato
- Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers University-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Humberto Nicolini
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Ciudad de México, Grupo Médico Carracci, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Genómica de Enfermedades Psiquiátricas y Neurodegenerativas, Ciudad de México, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Eric A Storch
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Choi EJ, Vandewouw MM, Taylor MJ, Stevenson RA, Arnold PD, Brian J, Crosbie J, Kelley E, Liu X, Jones J, Lai MC, Schachar RJ, Lerch JP, Anagnostou E. Dorsal Striatal Functional Connectivity and Repetitive Behavior Dimensions in Children and Youths With Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging 2024; 9:387-397. [PMID: 38000717 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impairing repetitive behaviors are one of the core diagnostic symptoms in autism spectrum disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder, but they also manifest in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Although the dorsal striatal circuit has been implicated in repetitive behaviors, extensive heterogeneity in and cross-diagnostic manifestations of these behaviors have suggested phenotypic and likely neurobiological heterogeneity across neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). METHODS Intrinsic dorsal striatal functional connectivity was examined in 3 NDDs (autism spectrum disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) and typically developing control participants in a large single-cohort sample (N = 412). To learn how diagnostic labels and overlapping behaviors manifest in dorsal striatal functional connectivity measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging, the main and interaction effects of diagnosis and behavior were examined in 8 models (2 seed functional connectivity [caudate and putamen] × 4 sub-behavioral domains [sameness/ritualistic, self-injury, stereotypy, and compulsions]). RESULTS The obsessive-compulsive disorder group demonstrated distinctive patterns in visual and visuomotor coordination regions compared with the other diagnostic groups. Lower-order repetitive behaviors (self-injury and stereotypy) manifesting across all participants were implicated in regions involved in motor and cognitive control, although the findings did not survive effects of multiple comparisons, suggesting heterogeneity in these behavioral domains. An interaction between self-injurious behavior and an attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder diagnosis were observed on caudate-cerebellum functional connectivity. CONCLUSIONS These findings confirmed high heterogeneity and overlapping behavioral manifestations in NDDs and their complex underlying neural mechanisms. A call for diagnosis-free symptom measures that can capture not only observable symptoms and severity across NDDs but also the underlying functions and motivations of such behaviors across diagnoses is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jung Choi
- Autism Research Centre, Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Neurosciences & Mental Health, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Marlee M Vandewouw
- Autism Research Centre, Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Neurosciences & Mental Health, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Margot J Taylor
- Neurosciences & Mental Health, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Psychology and Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ryan A Stevenson
- Department of Psychology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul D Arnold
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jessica Brian
- Autism Research Centre, Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Neurosciences & Mental Health, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Kelley
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queens' University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xudong Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Meng-Chuan Lai
- Neurosciences & Mental Health, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; The Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child, Youth & Family Mental Health, Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, and Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Neurosciences & Mental Health, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason P Lerch
- Mouse Imaging Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Evdokia Anagnostou
- Autism Research Centre, Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Neurosciences & Mental Health, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
McAusland L, Burton CL, Bagnell A, Boylan K, Hatchard T, Lingley-Pottie P, Al Maruf A, McGrath P, Newton AS, Rowa K, Schachar RJ, Shaheen SM, Stewart S, Arnold PD, Crosbie J, Mattheisen M, Soreni N, Stewart SE, Meier S. The genetic architecture of youth anxiety: a study protocol. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:159. [PMID: 38395805 PMCID: PMC10885620 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05583-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric problems among Canadian youth and typically have an onset in childhood or adolescence. They are characterized by high rates of relapse and chronicity, often resulting in substantial impairment across the lifespan. Genetic factors play an important role in the vulnerability toward anxiety disorders. However, genetic contribution to anxiety in youth is not well understood and can change across developmental stages. Large-scale genetic studies of youth are needed with detailed assessments of symptoms of anxiety disorders and their major comorbidities to inform early intervention or preventative strategies and suggest novel targets for therapeutics and personalization of care. METHODS The Genetic Architecture of Youth Anxiety (GAYA) study is a Pan-Canadian effort of clinical and genetic experts with specific recruitment sites in Calgary, Halifax, Hamilton, Toronto, and Vancouver. Youth aged 10-19 (n = 13,000) will be recruited from both clinical and community settings and will provide saliva samples, complete online questionnaires on demographics, symptoms of mental health concerns, and behavioural inhibition, and complete neurocognitive tasks. A subset of youth will be offered access to a self-managed Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy resource. Analyses will focus on the identification of novel genetic risk loci for anxiety disorders in youth and assess how much of the genetic risk for anxiety disorders is unique or shared across the life span. DISCUSSION Results will substantially inform early intervention or preventative strategies and suggest novel targets for therapeutics and personalization of care. Given that the GAYA study will be the biggest genomic study of anxiety disorders in youth in Canada, this project will further foster collaborations nationally and across the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laina McAusland
- The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Christie L Burton
- Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alexa Bagnell
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Khrista Boylan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Offord Center for Child Studies, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Child and Youth Mental Health Program, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Taylor Hatchard
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Youth Wellness Center, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Patricia Lingley-Pottie
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Abdullah Al Maruf
- The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Patrick McGrath
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Amanda S Newton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Karen Rowa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Anxiety Treatment and Research Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S-M Shaheen
- The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sam Stewart
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Paul D Arnold
- The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Manuel Mattheisen
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Noam Soreni
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Offord Center for Child Studies, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Anxiety Treatment and Research Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Pediatric OCD Consultation Service, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - S Evelyn Stewart
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sandra Meier
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dissanayake AS, Dupuis A, Arnold PD, Burton CL, Crosbie J, Schachar RJ, Levy T. Is irritability multidimensional: Psychometrics of The Irritability and Dysregulation of Emotion Scale (TIDES-13). Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-023-02350-1. [PMID: 38228758 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02350-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Irritability is a common, impairing, and potentially multifaceted manifestation of psychopathology. We designed The Irritability and Dysregulation of Emotion Scale (TIDES-13) to determine whether various expressions of irritability in children and youth form multiple subdimensions with distinct correlates. We administered parent-report (n = 3875, mean age = 8.9) and youth self-report (n = 579, mean age = 15.1) versions of TIDES-13 in a population and community-based sample. We conducted exploratory/confirmatory factor analyses and regression analyses to examine the dimensionality of TIDES-13 and the associations of the scale with age, gender, anxiety, depression, ODD, ADHD traits, and the Affective Reactivity Index (ARI). A higher-order model with a global irritability dimension and four subdimensions, including proneness to anger (PA), internalized negative emotional reactivity (iNER), externalized negative emotional reactivity (eNER), and reactive aggression (RA), showed good to excellent fit in both parent-report and self-report. The global irritability dimension showed excellent internal reliability (⍵Total; parent-report = 0.97, ⍵Total; self-report = 0.95), explained a majority of the item variance (⍵Hierarchical; parent-report = 0.94, ⍵Hierarchical; self-report = 0.90), and was moderately correlated with the ARI (rparent = 0.68, rself = 0.77). Subdimensions PA, eNER, and RA were negatively associated with age in males, whereas iNER was positively associated with age in females. Traits of ODD and ADHD were associated primarily with the global irritability dimension, whereas iNER was strongly associated with anxiety and depression traits over and above the global irritability dimension. Our results support a unidimensional interpretation of irritability in a population sample. However, limited evidence of specific behavioral, age, and sex correlates with particular irritability subdimensions may warrant further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Annie Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul D Arnold
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Christie L Burton
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Neurosciences and Mental Health/Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Neurosciences and Mental Health/Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Neurosciences and Mental Health/Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Tomer Levy
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Behavior Regulation Service, Geha Mental Health Center, Petach-Tikva, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Schachar RJ. Fifty years of executive control research in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder:What we have learned and still need to know. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 155:105461. [PMID: 37949153 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
For 50 years, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been considered a disorder of executive control (EC), the higher-order, cognitive skills that support self-regulation, goal attainment and what we generally call "attention." This review surveys our current understanding of the nature of EC as it pertains to ADHD and considers the evidence in support of eight hypotheses that can be derived from the EC theory of ADHD. This paper provides a resource for practitioners to aid in clinical decision-making. To support theory building, I draw a parallel between the EC theory of ADHD and the common gene-common variant model of complex traits such as ADHD. The conclusion offers strategies for advancing collaborative research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Russell J Schachar
- Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G1X8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lowet DS, Vaida F, Hesselink JR, Ewing-Cobbs L, Schachar RJ, Chapman SB, Bigler ED, Wilde EA, Saunders AE, Yang TT, Tymofiyeva O, Huang M, Max JE. Novel Oppositional Defiant Disorder or Conduct Disorder 24 Months After Traumatic Brain Injury in Children and Adolescents. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023; 36:53-62. [PMID: 37559510 PMCID: PMC10840932 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20220094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors sought to identify predictive factors of new-onset or novel oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder assessed 24 months after traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS Children ages 5 to 14 years who had experienced TBI were recruited from consecutive hospital admissions. Soon after injury, participants were assessed for preinjury characteristics, including psychiatric disorders, socioeconomic status (SES), psychosocial adversity, and family function, and the presence and location of lesions were documented by MRI. Psychiatric outcomes, including novel oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder, were assessed 24 months after injury. RESULTS Of the children without preinjury oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, or disruptive behavior disorder not otherwise specified who were recruited in this study, 165 were included in this sample; 95 of these children returned for the 24-month assessment. Multiple imputation was used to address attrition. The prevalence of novel oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder was 23.7 out of 165 (14%). In univariable analyses, novel oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder was significantly associated with psychosocial adversity (p=0.049) and frontal white matter lesions (p=0.016) and was marginally but not significantly associated with SES. In the final multipredictor model, frontal white matter lesions were significantly associated with novel oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder (p=0.021), and psychosocial adversity score was marginally but not significantly associated with the outcome. The odds ratio of novel oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder among the children with versus those without novel depressive disorder was significantly higher for girls than boys (p=0.025), and the odds ratio of novel oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder among the children with versus those without novel attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was significantly higher for boys than girls (p=0.006). CONCLUSION Approximately 14% of children with TBI developed oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder. The risk for novel oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder can be understood from a biopsychosocial perspective. Sex differences were evident for comorbid novel depressive disorder and comorbid novel ADHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S. Lowet
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Psychiatry
| | - Florin Vaida
- University of California, San Diego, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics
| | | | | | | | | | - Erin D. Bigler
- Brigham Young University, Department of Psychology
- University of Utah, TBI and Concussion Center, Department of Neurology
| | | | | | - Tony T. Yang
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences
| | - Olga Tymofiyeva
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging
| | - Mingxiong Huang
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Radiology
| | - Jeffrey E. Max
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Psychiatry
- Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zarrei M, Burton CL, Engchuan W, Higginbotham EJ, Wei J, Shaikh S, Roslin NM, MacDonald JR, Pellecchia G, Nalpathamkalam T, Lamoureux S, Manshaei R, Howe J, Trost B, Thiruvahindrapuram B, Marshall CR, Yuen RKC, Wintle RF, Strug LJ, Stavropoulos DJ, Vorstman JAS, Arnold P, Merico D, Woodbury-Smith M, Crosbie J, Schachar RJ, Scherer SW. Gene copy number variation and pediatric mental health/neurodevelopment in a general population. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:2411-2421. [PMID: 37154571 PMCID: PMC10360394 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed the relationship of gene copy number variation (CNV) in mental health/neurodevelopmental traits and diagnoses, physical health and cognition in a community sample of 7100 unrelated children and youth of European or East Asian ancestry (Spit for Science). Clinically significant or susceptibility CNVs were present in 3.9% of participants and were associated with elevated scores on a continuous measure of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) traits (P = 5.0 × 10-3), longer response inhibition (a cognitive deficit found in several mental health and neurodevelopmental disorders; P = 1.0 × 10-2) and increased prevalence of mental health diagnoses (P = 1.9 × 10-6, odds ratio: 3.09), specifically ADHD, autism spectrum disorder anxiety and learning problems/learning disorder (P's < 0.01). There was an increased burden of rare deletions in gene-sets related to brain function or expression in brain associated with more ADHD traits. With the current mental health crisis, our data established a baseline for delineating genetic contributors in pediatric-onset conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Zarrei
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Christie L Burton
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Worrawat Engchuan
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Edward J Higginbotham
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - John Wei
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Sabah Shaikh
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Nicole M Roslin
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Jeffrey R MacDonald
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Giovanna Pellecchia
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Thomas Nalpathamkalam
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Sylvia Lamoureux
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Roozbeh Manshaei
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Cardiac Genome Clinic, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Jennifer Howe
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Brett Trost
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | | | - Christian R Marshall
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ryan K C Yuen
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Richard F Wintle
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Lisa J Strug
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
- Departments of Statistical Sciences, Computer Science and Biostatistics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z5, Canada
| | - Dimitri J Stavropoulos
- Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Jacob A S Vorstman
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Autism Research Unit, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Paul Arnold
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Departments of Psychiatry & Medical Genetics, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Daniele Merico
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Deep Genomics Inc., Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Marc Woodbury-Smith
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Stephen W Scherer
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, McLaughlin Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vandewouw MM, Brian J, Crosbie J, Schachar RJ, Iaboni A, Georgiades S, Nicolson R, Kelley E, Ayub M, Jones J, Taylor MJ, Lerch JP, Anagnostou E, Kushki A. Identifying Replicable Subgroups in Neurodevelopmental Conditions Using Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e232066. [PMID: 36912839 PMCID: PMC10011941 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.2066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Neurodevelopmental conditions, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), have highly heterogeneous and overlapping phenotypes and neurobiology. Data-driven approaches are beginning to identify homogeneous transdiagnostic subgroups of children; however, findings have yet to be replicated in independently collected data sets, a necessity for translation into clinical settings. OBJECTIVE To identify subgroups of children with and without neurodevelopmental conditions with shared functional brain characteristics using data from 2 large, independent data sets. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This case-control study used data from the Province of Ontario Neurodevelopmental (POND) network (study recruitment began June 2012 and is ongoing; data were extracted April 2021) and the Healthy Brain Network (HBN; study recruitment began May 2015 and is ongoing; data were extracted November 2020). POND and HBN data are collected from institutions across Ontario and New York, respectively. Participants who had diagnoses of ASD, ADHD, and OCD or were typically developing (TD); were aged between 5 and 19 years; and successfully completed the resting-state and anatomical neuroimaging protocol were included in the current study. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The analyses consisted of a data-driven clustering procedure on measures derived from each participant's resting-state functional connectome, performed independently on each data set. Differences between each pair of leaves in the resulting clustering decision trees in the demographic and clinical characteristics were tested. RESULTS Overall, 551 children and adolescents were included from each data set. POND included 164 participants with ADHD; 217 with ASD; 60 with OCD; and 110 with TD (median [IQR] age, 11.87 [9.51-14.76] years; 393 [71.2%] male participants; 20 [3.6%] Black, 28 [5.1%] Latino, and 299 [54.2%] White participants) and HBN included 374 participants with ADHD; 66 with ASD; 11 with OCD; and 100 with TD (median [IQR] age, 11.50 [9.22-14.20] years; 390 [70.8%] male participants; 82 [14.9%] Black, 57 [10.3%] Hispanic, and 257 [46.6%] White participants). In both data sets, subgroups with similar biology that differed significantly in intelligence as well as hyperactivity and impulsivity problems were identified, yet these groups showed no consistent alignment with current diagnostic categories. For example, there was a significant difference in Strengths and Weaknesses ADHD Symptoms and Normal Behavior Hyperactivity/Impulsivity subscale (SWAN-HI) between 2 subgroups in the POND data (C and D), with subgroup D having increased hyperactivity and impulsivity traits compared with subgroup C (median [IQR], 2.50 [0.00-7.00] vs 1.00 [0.00-5.00]; U = 1.19 × 104; P = .01; η2 = 0.02). A significant difference in SWAN-HI scores between subgroups g and d in the HBN data was also observed (median [IQR], 1.00 [0.00-4.00] vs 0.00 [0.00-2.00]; corrected P = .02). There were no differences in the proportion of each diagnosis between the subgroups in either data set. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The findings of this study suggest that homogeneity in the neurobiology of neurodevelopmental conditions transcends diagnostic boundaries and is instead associated with behavioral characteristics. This work takes an important step toward translating neurobiological subgroups into clinical settings by being the first to replicate our findings in independently collected data sets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marlee M. Vandewouw
- Autism Research Centre, Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica Brian
- Autism Research Centre, Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Russell J. Schachar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alana Iaboni
- Autism Research Centre, Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stelios Georgiades
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Nicolson
- Department of Psychiatry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Kelley
- Department of Psychology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Muhammad Ayub
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica Jones
- Department of Psychology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Margot J. Taylor
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason P. Lerch
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Evdokia Anagnostou
- Autism Research Centre, Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Azadeh Kushki
- Autism Research Centre, Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Crowley JJ, Cappi C, Ochoa-Panaifo ME, Frederick RM, Kook M, Wiese AD, Rancourt D, Atkinson EG, Giusti-Rodriguez P, Anderberg JL, Abramowitz JS, Adorno VR, Aguirre C, Alves GS, Alves GS, Ancalade N, Espinosa AAA, Arnold PD, Ayton DM, Barbosa IG, Castano LMB, Barrera CN, Prieto MB, Berardo MC, Berrones D, Best JR, Bigdeli TB, Burton CL, Callahan JL, Carneiro MCB, Cepeda SL, Chazelle E, Chire JM, Munoz MC, Quiroz PC, Cobite J, Comer JS, Costa DL, Crosbie J, Cruz VO, Dager G, Daza LF, de la Rosa-Gómez A, Del Río D, Delage FZ, Dreher CB, Fay L, Fazio T, Ferrão YA, Ferreira GM, Figueroa EG, Fontenelle LF, Forero DA, Fragoso DT, Gadad BS, Garrison SR, González A, Gonzalez LD, González MA, Gonzalez-Barrios P, Goodman W, Guintivano J, Guttfreund DG, Guzick AG, Halvorsen MW, Hovey JD, Janssen-Aguilar R, Jensen M, Reynolds AZJ, Lujambio JAJ, Khalfe N, Knutsen MA, Lack C, Lanzagorta N, Lima MO, Longhurst MO, Martinez DAL, Luna ES, Marques AH, Martinez M, de Los Angeles Matos M, Maye CE, McGuire JF, Menezes G, Minaya C, Miño T, Mithani SM, de Oca CM, Morales-Rivero A, Moreira-de-Oliveira ME, Morris OJ, Muñoz SI, Naqqash Z, Bracho AAN, Bracho BEN, Rojas MCO, Castaman LAO, Ortega I, Patel DI, Patrick AK, Mino MPY, Orellana JLP, Stumpf BP, Peregrina T, Duarte TP, Piacsek KL, Placencia M, Quarantini LC, Quarantini-Alvim Y, Ramos RT, Ramos IC, Ramos VR, Ramsey KA, Ray EV, Richter MA, Riemann BC, Rivas JC, Rosario MC, Ruggero CJ, Ruiz-Chow AA, Ruiz-Velasco A, Sampaio AS, Saraiva LC, Schachar RJ, Schneider SC, Schweissing EJ, Seligman LD, Shavitt RG, Soileau KJ, Stewart SE, Storch SB, Strouphauer ER, Timpano KR, Treviño-de la Garza B, Vargas-Medrano J, Vásquez MI, Martinez GV, Weinzimmer SA, Yanez MA, Zai G, Zapata-Restrepo LM, Zappa LM, Zepeda-Burgos RM, Zoghbi AW, Miguel EC, Rodriguez CI, Mallen MCM, Moya PR, Borda T, Moyano MB, Mattheisen M, Pereira S, Lázaro-Muñoz G, Martinez-Gonzalez KG, Pato MT, Nicolini H, Storch EA. Latin American Trans-ancestry INitiative for OCD genomics (LATINO): Study Protocol. medRxiv 2023:2023.02.23.23286373. [PMID: 37131804 PMCID: PMC10153323 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.23.23286373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating psychiatric disorder. Worldwide, its prevalence is ~2% and its etiology is mostly unknown. Identifying biological factors contributing to OCD will elucidate underlying mechanisms and might contribute to improved treatment outcomes. Genomic studies of OCD are beginning to reveal long-sought risk loci, but >95% of the cases currently in analysis are of homogenous European ancestry. If not addressed, this Eurocentric bias will result in OCD genomic findings being more accurate for individuals of European ancestry than other ancestries, thereby contributing to health disparities in potential future applications of genomics. In this study protocol paper, we describe the Latin American Trans-ancestry INitiative for OCD genomics (LATINO, www.latinostudy.org). LATINO is a new network of investigators from across Latin America, the United States, and Canada who have begun to collect DNA and clinical data from 5,000 richly-phenotyped OCD cases of Latin American ancestry in a culturally sensitive and ethical manner. In this project, we will utilize trans-ancestry genomic analyses to accelerate the identification of OCD risk loci, fine-map putative causal variants, and improve the performance of polygenic risk scores in diverse populations. We will also capitalize on rich clinical data to examine the genetics of treatment response, biologically plausible OCD subtypes, and symptom dimensions. Additionally, LATINO will help elucidate the diversity of the clinical presentations of OCD across cultures through various trainings developed and offered in collaboration with Latin American investigators. We believe this study will advance the important goal of global mental health discovery and equity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James J Crowley
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Genetics, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Psychiatry, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Carolina Cappi
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Psychiatry, New York City, New York, United States of America
- Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Psiquiatria, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | - Renee M Frederick
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Minjee Kook
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Andrew D Wiese
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Diana Rancourt
- University of South Florida, Department of Psychology, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth G Atkinson
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Paola Giusti-Rodriguez
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jacey L Anderberg
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jonathan S Abramowitz
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Victor R Adorno
- Hospital Psiquiátrico de Asunción, Direccion General, Asunción, Central, Paraguay
| | - Cinthia Aguirre
- Hospital Psiquiátrico de Asunción, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Asunción, Central, Paraguay
| | - Gustavo S Alves
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Serviço de Psiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia - LANP, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
| | - Gilberto S Alves
- Hospital Nina Rodrigues/Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Sao Luis do Maranhão, Maranhão, Brasil
| | - NaEshia Ancalade
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Genetics, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | - Paul D Arnold
- University of Calgary, The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Daphne M Ayton
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Izabela G Barbosa
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Saúde Mental da Faculdade de Medicina, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | | | | | - María Belén Prieto
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Tourette, TOC, TDAH y Trastornos Asociados (CITA), Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Celeste Berardo
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Tourette, TOC, TDAH y Trastornos Asociados (CITA), Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Dayan Berrones
- Rice University, Department of Psychology, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - John R Best
- University of British Columbia, Department of Psychiatry, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tim B Bigdeli
- SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Christie L Burton
- Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer L Callahan
- University of North Texas, Department of Psychology, Denton, Texas, United States of America
| | - Maria Cecília B Carneiro
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Psiquiatria e Medicina Legal, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Sandra L Cepeda
- University of Miami, Department of Psychology, Coral Gables, Florida, United States of America
| | - Evelyn Chazelle
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Tourette, TOC, TDAH y Trastornos Asociados (CITA), Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jessica M Chire
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental ""Honorio Delgado-Hideyo Noguchi"", Dirección de Niños y Adolescentes, Lima, Lima, Perú
| | | | | | - Journa Cobite
- University of Houston, Department of Counseling Psychology, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jonathan S Comer
- Florida International University, Department of Psychology, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Daniel L Costa
- Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Psiquiatria, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Department of Psychiatry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Victor O Cruz
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental ""Honorio Delgado-Hideyo Noguchi"", Oficina Ejecutiva de Investigación, Lima, Lima, Perú
- Universidad San Martin de Porres, School of Medicine, Lima, Lima, Perú
| | - Guillermo Dager
- Corporación Universitaria Rafael Nuñez, Cartagena, Bolivar, Colombia
| | - Luisa F Daza
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Universitario Del Valle, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
| | - Anabel de la Rosa-Gómez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Fernanda Z Delage
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Medicina Forense e Psiquiatria, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Carolina B Dreher
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Departamento de Psiquiatria - Clínica Médica, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Lucila Fay
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Tourette, TOC, TDAH y Trastornos Asociados (CITA), Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tomas Fazio
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Tourette, TOC, TDAH y Trastornos Asociados (CITA), Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ygor A Ferrão
- Universidade Federal do Paraná de Porto Alegre, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Gabriela M Ferreira
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Medicina Forense e Psiquiatria, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
- Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Parana, Brasil
| | - Edith G Figueroa
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental ""Honorio Delgado-Hideyo Noguchi"", Departamento de Psiquiatría de Adultos, Lima, Lima, Perú
| | - Leonardo F Fontenelle
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Psiquiatria e Medicina Legal, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Diego A Forero
- Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, Escuela de Salud y Ciencias del Deporte, Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Daniele Th Fragoso
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Medicina Forense e Psiquiatria, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Bharathi S Gadad
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, Department of Psychiatry, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sheldon R Garrison
- Rogers Behavioral Health, Oconomowoc, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | | | - Laura D Gonzalez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Tourette, TOC, TDAH y Trastornos Asociados (CITA), Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marco A González
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Polaris Gonzalez-Barrios
- Universidad de Puerto Rico, Departamento de Psiquiatría, San Juan, Puerto Rico, Los Estados Unidos
- Universidad de Puerto Rico Campus de Ciências Médicas, San Juan, Puerto Rico, Los Estados Unidos
| | - Wayne Goodman
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jerry Guintivano
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Psychiatry, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | - Andrew G Guzick
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Matthew W Halvorsen
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Genetics, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Joseph D Hovey
- The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Department of Psychological Science, Edinburg, Texas, United States of America
| | - Reinhard Janssen-Aguilar
- Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suarez, Subdirección de Psiquiatría, Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Matias Jensen
- Universidad de Valparaíso, Centro de Neurociencias, Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Alexandra Z Jimenez Reynolds
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | | | - Nasim Khalfe
- Baylor College of Medicine, School of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Madison A Knutsen
- Augustana College, Department of Psychology, Rock Island, Illinois, United States of America
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Caleb Lack
- University of Central Oklahoma, Department of Psychology, Edmond, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Nuria Lanzagorta
- Grupo Médico Carracci, Departamento de Investigación Clínica, Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Monicke O Lima
- Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Psiquiatria, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Melanie O Longhurst
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, Department of Psychiatry, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
| | | | - Elba S Luna
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental ""Honorio Delgado-Hideyo Noguchi"", Oficina Ejecutiva de Investigación, Lima, Lima, Perú
| | - Andrea H Marques
- National Institute of Mental Heatlh (NIMH), Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Molly Martinez
- DFW OCD Treatment Specialists, Richardson, Texas, United States of America
- Specialists in OCD and Anxiety Recovery (SOAR), Richardson, Texas, United States of America
| | - Maria de Los Angeles Matos
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Tourette, TOC, TDAH y Trastornos Asociados (CITA), Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Caitlyn E Maye
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Joseph F McGuire
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Gabriela Menezes
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Ansiedade, Obsessões e Compulsões, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Charlene Minaya
- Fordham University, Department of Psychology, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Tomás Miño
- Universidad de Valparaíso, Centro de Neurociencias, Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Sara M Mithani
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, School of Nursing, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | | | | | - Maria E Moreira-de-Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Ansiedade, Obsessões e Compulsões, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Olivia J Morris
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sandra I Muñoz
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Zainab Naqqash
- University of British Columbia, Department of Psychiatry, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Iliana Ortega
- University of Calgary, The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Darpan I Patel
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, School of Nursing, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ainsley K Patrick
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mariel Paz Y Mino
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Clínica de Salud Mental USFQ, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Jose L Perales Orellana
- Universidad Tegnológica Privada de Santa Cruz (UTEPSA), Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Andres Ibañez, Bolivia
| | - Bárbara Perdigão Stumpf
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Saúde Mental da Faculdade de Medicina, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | | | | | - Kelly L Piacsek
- Rogers Behavioral Health, Oconomowoc, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Maritza Placencia
- Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Departamento Académico de Ciencias Dinámicas, Lima, Lima, Perú
| | - Lucas C Quarantini
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Serviço de Psiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia - LANP, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
| | - Yana Quarantini-Alvim
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Serviço de Psiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia - LANP, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
- Faculdade Santa Casa, Faculdade de Psicologia, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
| | - Renato T Ramos
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Department of Psychiatry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Iaroslava C Ramos
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Frederick Thompson Anxiety Disorders Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vanessa R Ramos
- Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Psiquiatria, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Kesley A Ramsey
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Elise V Ray
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Genetics, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Margaret A Richter
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bradley C Riemann
- Rogers Behavioral Health, Oconomowoc, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Juan C Rivas
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Universitario Del Valle, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
- Universidad del Valle, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
- Universidad ICESI, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
- Fundación Valle del Lili, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
| | - Maria C Rosario
- Departamento de Psiquiatria da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Camilo J Ruggero
- University of North Texas, Department of Psychology, Denton, Texas, United States of America
| | | | - Alejandra Ruiz-Velasco
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, Department of Psychiatry, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
| | - Aline S Sampaio
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Serviço de Psiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia - LANP, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
| | - Leonardo C Saraiva
- Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Psiquiatria, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Department of Psychiatry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sophie C Schneider
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ethan J Schweissing
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Laura D Seligman
- The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Department of Psychological Science, Edinburg, Texas, United States of America
| | - Roseli G Shavitt
- Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Psiquiatria, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Keaton J Soileau
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - S Evelyn Stewart
- University of British Columbia, Department of Psychiatry, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- BC Mental Health and Substance Use Services, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shaina B Storch
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Emily R Strouphauer
- Baylor College of Medicine, School of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kiara R Timpano
- University of Miami, Department of Psychology, Coral Gables, Florida, United States of America
| | | | - Javier Vargas-Medrano
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, Department of Psychiatry, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
| | - María I Vásquez
- Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza, Servicio de Salud Mental, Lima, Lima, Perú
| | - Guadalupe Vidal Martinez
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, Department of Psychiatry, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
| | - Saira A Weinzimmer
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Mauricio A Yanez
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Gwyneth Zai
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Neurogenetics Section, Molecular Brain Sciences Department, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lina M Zapata-Restrepo
- Fundación Valle del Lili, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Cali, Valle, Colombia
- Universidad ICESI, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Cali, Valle, Colombia
- Global Brain Health Institute - University of California San Francisco, Department of Neurology, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Luz M Zappa
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Tourette, TOC, TDAH y Trastornos Asociados (CITA), Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutierrez, Departamento de Salud Mental, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Hospital Universitario Austral, Materno Infantil, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Raquel M Zepeda-Burgos
- Universidad Dr. José Matías Delgado, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias y Humanidades, Santa Tecla, La Libertad, El Salvador
| | - Anthony W Zoghbi
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Euripedes C Miguel
- Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Psiquiatria, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Carolyn I Rodriguez
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | | | - Pablo R Moya
- Universidad de Valparaíso, Instituto de Fisiología, Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaiso (CINV), Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Tania Borda
- Instituto Realize, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad Catolica Argentina, Facultad de Psicologia, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Beatriz Moyano
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Tourette, TOC, TDAH y Trastornos Asociados (CITA), Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Asociacion de Psiquiatras Argentinos (APSA), Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Asociacion de Psiquiatras Argentinos (APSA), Presidente del Capitulo de Investigacion en Psiquiatria, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Manuel Mattheisen
- Dalhousie University, Department of Community Health and Epidemiology & Faculty of Computer Science, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- LMU Munich, Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), Munich, Germany
| | - Stacey Pereira
- Baylor College of Medicine, Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz
- Harvard University School of Medicine, Center for Bioethics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | - Michele T Pato
- Rutgers University- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Humberto Nicolini
- Grupo Médico Carracci, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, México
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Laboratorio de Genómica de Enfermedades Psiquiátricas y Neurodegenerativas, Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Eric A Storch
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Choi SE, Rahman A, Ayoub T, Botelho O, Lee G, Gazdzinski LM, Wheeler AL, Weksberg R, Guger SL, Schachar RJ, Ito S, Hitzler J, Nieman BJ. High-frequency ultrasound-guided intrathecal injections in a young mouse model: Targeting the central nervous system in drug delivery. J Neurosci Methods 2023; 386:109778. [PMID: 36572156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2022.109778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrathecal injections provide important access to the central nervous system for delivery of anesthetic, analgesic or chemotherapeutic drugs that do not otherwise cross the blood-brain barrier. The administration of drugs via this route in animal models is challenging due to an inability to visualize the small target space during injection. Successful drug delivery therefore requires expertise in indirectly assessing vertebral and spinal cord anatomy and gaining advanced procedural skills. These factors are especially compounded in small animals such as mice (the most common mammalian model) and in investigations modeling pediatric drug delivery, where the animal is even smaller. NEW METHOD To address these issues, we have developed a method in which high-frequency ultrasound imaging is used to visualize and target the lumbar intrathecal space for injections. The technique is demonstrated in mice as young as postnatal day 16. To evaluate the method, a gadolinium-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent was injected intrathecally, and subsequent brain delivery was verified post-injection by MRI. RESULTS Successful intrathecal injections of the MRI contrast agent showed distribution to the brain. In this study, we achieved a targeting success rate of 80% in 20 animals. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS AND CONCLUSION We expect that the new method will be convenient for drug delivery to the central nervous system in rodent research and provide higher reliability than unguided approaches, an essential contribution that will enable intrathecal delivery in pediatric mouse models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Eui Choi
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Anum Rahman
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tiffany Ayoub
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Owen Botelho
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gail Lee
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lisa M Gazdzinski
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Neuroscience and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anne L Wheeler
- Neuroscience and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rosanna Weksberg
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institutes of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sharon L Guger
- Department of Psychology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Institutes of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Psychiatry Research, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shinya Ito
- Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Johann Hitzler
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brian J Nieman
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Strom NI, Smit DJA, Silzer T, Iyegbe C, Burton CL, Pool R, Lemire M, Crowley JJ, Hottenga JJ, Ivanov VZ, Larsson H, Lichtenstein P, Magnusson P, Rück C, Schachar RJ, Wu HM, Meier SM, Crosbie J, Arnold PD, Mattheisen M, Boomsma DI, Mataix-Cols D, Cath D. Correction: Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of hoarding symptoms in 27,537 individuals. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:521. [PMID: 36550104 PMCID: PMC9780311 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02288-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nora I. Strom
- grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany ,grid.411095.80000 0004 0477 2585Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany ,grid.467087.a0000 0004 0442 1056Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Dirk J. A. Smit
- grid.509540.d0000 0004 6880 3010Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.484519.5Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Talisa Silzer
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Conrad Iyegbe
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, England ,grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Christie L. Burton
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - René Pool
- grid.12380.380000 0004 1754 9227Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mathieu Lemire
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - James J. Crowley
- grid.467087.a0000 0004 0442 1056Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden ,grid.10698.360000000122483208Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- grid.12380.380000 0004 1754 9227Netherlands Twin Register, Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Volen Z. Ivanov
- grid.467087.a0000 0004 0442 1056Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Henrik Larsson
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden ,grid.15895.300000 0001 0738 8966School of Medical sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Paul Lichtenstein
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrik Magnusson
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian Rück
- grid.467087.a0000 0004 0442 1056Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Russell J. Schachar
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Hei Man Wu
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Sandra M. Meier
- grid.55602.340000 0004 1936 8200Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS Canada ,grid.55602.340000 0004 1936 8200Community Health & Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, NS Dalhousie, Canada
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Paul D. Arnold
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Departments of Psychiatry and Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - Manuel Mattheisen
- grid.411095.80000 0004 0477 2585Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany ,grid.55602.340000 0004 1936 8200Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS Canada ,grid.55602.340000 0004 1936 8200Community Health & Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, NS Dalhousie, Canada
| | - Dorret I. Boomsma
- grid.12380.380000 0004 1754 9227Netherlands Twin Register, Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.16872.3a0000 0004 0435 165XAmsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David Mataix-Cols
- grid.467087.a0000 0004 0442 1056Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Danielle Cath
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Rijksuniversiteit Groningen and Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands ,Department of specialized training, Drenthe Mental Health Care Institute, Assen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Strom NI, Smit DJA, Silzer T, Iyegbe C, Burton CL, Pool R, Lemire M, Crowley JJ, Hottenga JJ, Ivanov VZ, Larsson H, Lichtenstein P, Magnusson P, Rück C, Schachar RJ, Wu HM, Meier SM, Crosbie J, Arnold PD, Mattheisen M, Boomsma DI, Mataix-Cols D, Cath D. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of hoarding symptoms in 27,537 individuals. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:479. [PMID: 36379924 PMCID: PMC9666541 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02248-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hoarding Disorder (HD) is a mental disorder characterized by persistent difficulties discarding or parting with possessions, often resulting in cluttered living spaces, distress, and impairment. Its etiology is largely unknown, but twin studies suggest that it is moderately heritable. In this study, we pooled phenotypic and genomic data from seven international cohorts (N = 27,537 individuals) and conducted a genome wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of parent- or self-reported hoarding symptoms (HS). We followed up the results with gene-based and gene-set analyses, as well as leave-one-out HS polygenic risk score (PRS) analyses. To examine a possible genetic association between hoarding symptoms and other phenotypes we conducted cross-trait PRS analyses. Though we did not report any genome-wide significant SNPs, we report heritability estimates for the twin-cohorts between 26-48%, and a SNP-heritability of 11% for an unrelated sub-cohort. Cross-trait PRS analyses showed that the genetic risk for schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder were significantly associated with hoarding symptoms. We also found suggestive evidence for an association with educational attainment. There were no significant associations with other phenotypes previously linked to HD, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, anxiety, or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. To conclude, we found that HS are heritable, confirming and extending previous twin studies but we had limited power to detect any genome-wide significant loci. Much larger samples will be needed to further extend these findings and reach a "gene discovery zone". To move the field forward, future research should not only include genetic analyses of quantitative hoarding traits in larger samples, but also in samples of individuals meeting strict diagnostic criteria for HD, and more ethnically diverse samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nora I Strom
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Dirk J A Smit
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Talisa Silzer
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Conrad Iyegbe
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Christie L Burton
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - René Pool
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mathieu Lemire
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - James J Crowley
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden
- Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Netherlands Twin Register, Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Volen Z Ivanov
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Henrik Larsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Medical sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Paul Lichtenstein
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrik Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian Rück
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hei Man Wu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Sandra M Meier
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Community Health & Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, NS, Dalhousie, Canada
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul D Arnold
- The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Departments of Psychiatry and Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Manuel Mattheisen
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Community Health & Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, NS, Dalhousie, Canada
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Netherlands Twin Register, Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David Mataix-Cols
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Danielle Cath
- Rijksuniversiteit Groningen and Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Department of specialized training, Drenthe Mental Health Care Institute, Assen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Charalampopoulou M, Choi EJ, Korczak DJ, Cost KT, Crosbie J, Birken CS, Charach A, Monga S, Kelley E, Nicolson R, Georgiades S, Ayub M, Schachar RJ, Iaboni A, Anagnostou E. Les profils de santé mentale des enfants et adolescents autistes pendant la pandémie de COVID-19. Paediatr Child Health 2022; 27:S143-S150. [PMID: 36092298 PMCID: PMC9455656 DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxac016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectifs Les confinements dans les provinces canadiennes ont malmené la santé mentale des enfants pendant la pandémie de COVID-19, et les enfants autistes y ont été particulièrement vulnérables. La présente étude visait à recenser les sous-groupes d’enfants autistes ayant des profils distincts de modification à leur santé mentale, afin de comprendre les facteurs propres aux enfants, aux parents et au système qui y sont associés et d’éclairer de futures interventions. Méthodologie Les chercheurs ont extrait les données d’une vaste cohorte ontarienne (n=1 570), dont faisaient partie 265 enfants autistes (âge moyen=10,9 ans, 76 % de sexe masculin). Ils ont utilisé l’analyse des nuées dynamiques pour répartir les profils de santé mentale distincts en six mesures (humeur, anxiété, symptômes de trouble obsessionnel-compulsif, irritabilité, inattention, hyperactivité) et ont examiné les différences entre les groupes. Ils ont également étudié les caractéristiques des enfants qui ont accédé à des services aigus en santé mentale. Résultats Le nombre optimal de grappes était fixé à deux. La première incluait ceux qui avaient éprouvé une détérioration de leur santé mentale dans les six mesures (61,3 %, intervalle de confiance à 95 %=54,9 à 67,4) et la seconde, les jeunes dont la santé mentale n’avait pas changé (38,7 %, intervalle de confiance à 95 %=32,6 à 45,1). Des facteurs étaient associés à la détérioration de la santé mentale des enfants : plus de symptômes internalisés préexistants et de forts taux de stress liés à la COVID-19. Les problèmes de santé mentale des parents et les facteurs propres aux systèmes, tels que la perte de soutien à l’apprentissage, l’accès aux médecins et les difficultés matérielles, étaient aussi liés à cette détérioration. L’accès à des services aigus en santé mentale découlait d’abord de l’insécurité financière et de la perte de services. Conclusions Plus de la moitié des enfants autistes ont éprouvé une détérioration de leur santé mentale, et les caractéristiques individuelles (troubles de santé mentale préexistants, stress lié à la COVID-19), parentales (santé mentale des parents) et systémiques (perte de services et difficultés matérielles) y étaient reliées, ce qui ouvrait la voie à des interventions cliniques et politiques multiniveaux.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eun Jung Choi
- Holland Bloorview Research Institute, Toronto (Ontario)Canada
| | - Daphne J Korczak
- Département de psychiatrie, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto (Ontario)Canada
- Département de psychiatrie, faculté de médecine Temerty, Universitéde Toronto, Toronto (Ontario)Canada
| | - Katherine T Cost
- Département de psychiatrie, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto (Ontario)Canada
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Département de psychiatrie, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto (Ontario)Canada
- Département de psychiatrie, faculté de médecine Temerty, Universitéde Toronto, Toronto (Ontario)Canada
| | - Catherine S Birken
- Département de pédiatrie, faculté de médecine, Université de Toronto, Toronto (Ontario)Canada
- Sciences évaluatives de la santé des enfants, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto (Ontario)Canada
| | - Alice Charach
- Département de psychiatrie, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto (Ontario)Canada
- Département de psychiatrie, faculté de médecine Temerty, Universitéde Toronto, Toronto (Ontario)Canada
- Sciences évaluatives de la santé des enfants, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto (Ontario)Canada
- Institut des politiques, de la gestion et de l’évaluation de la santé, faculté de médecine Temerty, Université de Toronto, Toronto (Ontario)Canada
| | - Suneeta Monga
- Département de psychiatrie, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto (Ontario)Canada
- Département de psychiatrie, faculté de médecine Temerty, Universitéde Toronto, Toronto (Ontario)Canada
| | - Elizabeth Kelley
- Département de psychologie, Université Queen’s, Kingston (Ontario)Canada
- Département de psychiatrie, Université Queen’s, Kingston (Ontario)Canada
| | - Rob Nicolson
- Département de psychiatrie, Université Western, London (Ontario)Canada
| | - Stelios Georgiades
- Département de psychiatrie et de neurosciences comportementales, Université McMaster, Hamilton (Ontario)Canada
| | - Muhammad Ayub
- Département de psychiatrie, Université Queen’s, Kingston (Ontario)Canada
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Département de psychiatrie, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto (Ontario)Canada
- Département de psychiatrie, faculté de médecine Temerty, Universitéde Toronto, Toronto (Ontario)Canada
| | - Alana Iaboni
- Holland Bloorview Research Institute, Toronto (Ontario)Canada
| | - Evdokia Anagnostou
- Holland Bloorview Research Institute, Toronto (Ontario)Canada
- Département de pédiatrie, faculté de médecine, Université de Toronto, Toronto (Ontario)Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Max JE, Drake I, Vaida F, Hesselink JR, Ewing-Cobbs L, Schachar RJ, Chapman SB, Bigler ED, Wilde EA, Saunders AE, Yang TT, Tymofiyeva O, Levin HS. Novel Psychiatric Disorder 6 Months After Traumatic Brain Injury in Children and Adolescents. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 35:141-150. [PMID: 35989573 PMCID: PMC10317586 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21120301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the factors predictive of novel psychiatric disorders in the interval 0-6 months following traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS Children ages 5-14 years consecutively hospitalized for mild to severe TBI at five hospitals were recruited. Participants were evaluated at baseline (soon after injury) for pre-injury characteristics including psychiatric disorders, socioeconomic status (SES), psychosocial adversity, family function, family psychiatric history, and adaptive function. In addition to the psychosocial variables, injury severity and lesion location detected with acquisition of a research MRI were measured to develop a biopsychosocial predictive model for development of novel psychiatric disorders. Psychiatric outcome, including occurrence of a novel psychiatric disorder, was assessed 6 months after the injury. RESULTS The recruited sample numbered 177 children, and 141 children (80%) returned for the six-month assessment. Of the 141 children, 58 (41%) developed a novel psychiatric disorder. In univariable analyses, novel psychiatric disorder was significantly associated with lower SES, higher psychosocial adversity, and lesions in frontal lobe locations, such as frontal white matter, superior frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, and orbital gyrus. Multivariable analyses found that novel psychiatric disorder was independently and significantly associated with frontal-lobe white matter, superior frontal gyrus, and orbital gyrus lesions. CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that occurrence of novel psychiatric disorders following pediatric TBI requiring hospitalization is common and has identifiable psychosocial and specific biological predictors. However, only the lesion predictors were independently related to this adverse psychiatric outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey E. Max
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Psychiatry
- Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego
| | | | - Florin Vaida
- University of California, San Diego, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics
| | | | | | | | | | - Erin D. Bigler
- Brigham Young University, Department of Psychology
- University of Utah, TBI and Concussion Center, Department of Neurology
| | - Elisabeth A. Wilde
- University of Utah, TBI and Concussion Center, Department of Neurology
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
| | | | - Tony T. Yang
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences
| | - Olga Tymofiyeva
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging
| | - Harvey S. Levin
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Schachar RJ, Dupuis A, Anagnostou E, Georgiades S, Soreni N, Arnold PD, Burton CL, Crosbie J. Obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and youth: neurocognitive function in clinic and community samples. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022; 63:881-889. [PMID: 34687037 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurocognitive impairments are common in OCD, although not well studied in children and youth with the disorder. METHOD Using the stop-signal task (SST), we measured response inhibition (stop-signal reaction time-SSRT), sustained attention (reaction time variability-RTV), reaction time (RT), and performance monitoring (post-error slowing-PES) in OCD cases and controls from two samples of children and youth. A Clinic OCD group (n = 171, aged 7-17 years) was recruited from a specialty clinic after rigorous assessment. A typically developing (Clinic TD, n = 157) group was enlisted through advertisement. A community OCD sample (Community OCD, n = 147) and controls (Community TD n = 13,832, aged 6-17 years) were recruited at a science museum. We also identified a community group with high OCD traits without an OCD diagnosis (Community High Trait; n = 125). RESULTS Clinic OCD participants had longer SSRT and greater RTV than Clinic TD. These effects were greater in younger OCD participants and, for SSRT, in those on medication for OCD. The Community OCD group did not differ from Controls but was similar to the Clinic OCD group in ADHD and ASD comorbidity and medication usage. The Community High Trait group had longer SSRT and atypical PES suggesting that symptom severity predicts neurocognitive function. No group differences were found in RT. CONCLUSIONS In the largest study of neurocognitive performance in children with OCD to date, we found impaired response inhibition and sustained attention in OCD participants in comparison to typically developing peers. Performance was worse in younger OCD participants. In the community sample, participants with high OCD trait scores but no OCD diagnosis had impaired response inhibition and error processing, suggesting that OCD might be under-recognized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Russell J Schachar
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Evdokia Anagnostou
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Holland Bloorview, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Noam Soreni
- McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,St. Joseph's HealthCare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Paul D Arnold
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Jennifer Crosbie
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Charalampopoulou M, Choi EJ, Korczak DJ, Cost KT, Crosbie J, Birken CS, Charach A, Monga S, Kelley E, Nicolson R, Georgiades S, Ayub M, Schachar RJ, Iaboni A, Anagnostou E. Mental health profiles of autistic children and youth during the COVID-19 pandemic. Paediatr Child Health 2022; 27:S59-S65. [PMID: 35615409 PMCID: PMC9126276 DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxab111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Canadian province-wide lockdowns have challenged children's mental health (MH) during the COVID-19 pandemic, with autistic children being at particular risk. The purpose of our study was to identify sub-groups of autistic children with distinct mental health change profiles, to understand the child-, parent-, and system-specific factors associated with such profiles in order to ultimately inform future interventions. Methods Data were drawn from a large Canadian cohort (N=1,570) across Ontario, resulting in 265 autistic children (mean age=10.9 years, 76% male). K-means clustering analyses were employed to partition distinct MH profiles in six MH measures (mood, anxiety, OCD symptoms, irritability, inattention, hyperactivity) and group differences were examined with reference to the above factors. Additionally, we investigated the characteristics of children who accessed acute MH services. Results The optimal number of clusters was two; one included those experiencing MH deterioration across all six MH measures (61.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI]=54.9 to 67.4), and a second included youth that did not experience MH changes (38.7%, 95%CI=32.6 to 45.1). Child-specific factors associated with MH deterioration included higher pre-existing internalizing symptoms, high levels of COVID stress. Parental MH challenges and system-specific factors, such as the loss of learning supports, access to physicians and material deprivation, were also associated with MH deterioration. Access to acute MH services were primarily associated with financial insecurity and loss of services. Conclusions More than half of autistic children experienced MH deterioration, and person-specific (pre-existing MH, COVID related stress), parent-specific (Parent MH) and system-level (loss of services and material deprivation) characteristics were associated with such decline, providing clinical and policy opportunities for intervention at multiple levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eun Jung Choi
- Holland Bloorview Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daphne J Korczak
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katherine T Cost
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Catherine S Birken
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute Hospital for Sick Children, Canada
| | - Alice Charach
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute Hospital for Sick Children, Canada.,Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suneeta Monga
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Kelley
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rob Nicolson
- Department of Psychiatry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stelios Georgiades
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Muhammad Ayub
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alana Iaboni
- Holland Bloorview Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Evdokia Anagnostou
- Holland Bloorview Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lowet DS, Vaida F, Hesselink JR, Levin HS, Ewing-Cobbs L, Schachar RJ, Chapman SB, Bigler ED, Wilde EA, Saunders AE, Yang TT, Tymofiyeva O, Max JE. Novel Oppositional Defiant Disorder 12 Months After Traumatic Brain Injury in Children and Adolescents. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 34:149-157. [PMID: 35040660 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21060149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The investigators examined the factors predictive of novel oppositional defiant disorder in the 6-12 months following traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS Children ages 5-14 years old who experienced a TBI were recruited from consecutive admissions to five hospitals. Participants were evaluated soon after injury (baseline) for preinjury characteristics, including psychiatric disorders, adaptive function, family function, psychosocial adversity, family psychiatric history, socioeconomic status, and injury severity, to develop a biopsychosocial predictive model for development of novel oppositional defiant disorder. MRI analyses were conducted to examine potential brain lesions. Psychiatric outcome, including that of novel oppositional defiant disorder, was assessed 12 months after injury. RESULTS Although 177 children were recruited for the study, 120 children without preinjury oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, or disruptive behavior disorder not otherwise specified (DBD NOS) returned for the 12-month assessment. Of these 120 children, seven (5.8%) exhibited novel oppositional defiant disorder, and none developed conduct disorder or DBD NOS in the 6-12 months postinjury. Novel oppositional defiant disorder was significantly associated with lower socioeconomic status, higher psychosocial adversity, and lower preinjury adaptive functioning. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that novel oppositional defiant disorder following TBI selectively and negatively affects an identifiable group of children. Both proximal (preinjury adaptive function) and distal (socioeconomic status and psychosocial adversity) psychosocial variables significantly increase risk for this outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Lowet
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Max), Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Ewing-Cobbs); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Saunders); The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Florin Vaida
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Max), Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Ewing-Cobbs); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Saunders); The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - John R Hesselink
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Max), Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Ewing-Cobbs); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Saunders); The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Harvey S Levin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Max), Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Ewing-Cobbs); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Saunders); The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Linda Ewing-Cobbs
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Max), Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Ewing-Cobbs); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Saunders); The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Max), Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Ewing-Cobbs); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Saunders); The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Sandra B Chapman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Max), Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Ewing-Cobbs); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Saunders); The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Erin D Bigler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Max), Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Ewing-Cobbs); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Saunders); The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Elisabeth A Wilde
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Max), Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Ewing-Cobbs); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Saunders); The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Ann E Saunders
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Max), Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Ewing-Cobbs); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Saunders); The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Tony T Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Max), Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Ewing-Cobbs); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Saunders); The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Olga Tymofiyeva
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Max), Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Ewing-Cobbs); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Saunders); The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Jeffrey E Max
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Max), Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Ewing-Cobbs); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (Saunders); The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bethlehem RAI, Seidlitz J, White SR, Vogel JW, Anderson KM, Adamson C, Adler S, Alexopoulos GS, Anagnostou E, Areces-Gonzalez A, Astle DE, Auyeung B, Ayub M, Bae J, Ball G, Baron-Cohen S, Beare R, Bedford SA, Benegal V, Beyer F, Blangero J, Blesa Cábez M, Boardman JP, Borzage M, Bosch-Bayard JF, Bourke N, Calhoun VD, Chakravarty MM, Chen C, Chertavian C, Chetelat G, Chong YS, Cole JH, Corvin A, Costantino M, Courchesne E, Crivello F, Cropley VL, Crosbie J, Crossley N, Delarue M, Delorme R, Desrivieres S, Devenyi GA, Di Biase MA, Dolan R, Donald KA, Donohoe G, Dunlop K, Edwards AD, Elison JT, Ellis CT, Elman JA, Eyler L, Fair DA, Feczko E, Fletcher PC, Fonagy P, Franz CE, Galan-Garcia L, Gholipour A, Giedd J, Gilmore JH, Glahn DC, Goodyer IM, Grant PE, Groenewold NA, Gunning FM, Gur RE, Gur RC, Hammill CF, Hansson O, Hedden T, Heinz A, Henson RN, Heuer K, Hoare J, Holla B, Holmes AJ, Holt R, Huang H, Im K, Ipser J, Jack CR, Jackowski AP, Jia T, Johnson KA, Jones PB, Jones DT, Kahn RS, Karlsson H, Karlsson L, Kawashima R, Kelley EA, Kern S, Kim KW, Kitzbichler MG, Kremen WS, Lalonde F, Landeau B, Lee S, Lerch J, Lewis JD, Li J, Liao W, Liston C, Lombardo MV, Lv J, Lynch C, Mallard TT, Marcelis M, Markello RD, Mathias SR, Mazoyer B, McGuire P, Meaney MJ, Mechelli A, Medic N, Misic B, Morgan SE, Mothersill D, Nigg J, Ong MQW, Ortinau C, Ossenkoppele R, Ouyang M, Palaniyappan L, Paly L, Pan PM, Pantelis C, Park MM, Paus T, Pausova Z, Paz-Linares D, Pichet Binette A, Pierce K, Qian X, Qiu J, Qiu A, Raznahan A, Rittman T, Rodrigue A, Rollins CK, Romero-Garcia R, Ronan L, Rosenberg MD, Rowitch DH, Salum GA, Satterthwaite TD, Schaare HL, Schachar RJ, Schultz AP, Schumann G, Schöll M, Sharp D, Shinohara RT, Skoog I, Smyser CD, Sperling RA, Stein DJ, Stolicyn A, Suckling J, Sullivan G, Taki Y, Thyreau B, Toro R, Traut N, Tsvetanov KA, Turk-Browne NB, Tuulari JJ, Tzourio C, Vachon-Presseau É, Valdes-Sosa MJ, Valdes-Sosa PA, Valk SL, van Amelsvoort T, Vandekar SN, Vasung L, Victoria LW, Villeneuve S, Villringer A, Vértes PE, Wagstyl K, Wang YS, Warfield SK, Warrier V, Westman E, Westwater ML, Whalley HC, Witte AV, Yang N, Yeo B, Yun H, Zalesky A, Zar HJ, Zettergren A, Zhou JH, Ziauddeen H, Zugman A, Zuo XN, Bullmore ET, Alexander-Bloch AF. Brain charts for the human lifespan. Nature 2022; 604:525-533. [PMID: 35388223 PMCID: PMC9021021 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04554-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 404] [Impact Index Per Article: 202.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, neuroimaging has become a ubiquitous tool in basic research and clinical studies of the human brain. However, no reference standards currently exist to quantify individual differences in neuroimaging metrics over time, in contrast to growth charts for anthropometric traits such as height and weight1. Here we assemble an interactive open resource to benchmark brain morphology derived from any current or future sample of MRI data ( http://www.brainchart.io/ ). With the goal of basing these reference charts on the largest and most inclusive dataset available, acknowledging limitations due to known biases of MRI studies relative to the diversity of the global population, we aggregated 123,984 MRI scans, across more than 100 primary studies, from 101,457 human participants between 115 days post-conception to 100 years of age. MRI metrics were quantified by centile scores, relative to non-linear trajectories2 of brain structural changes, and rates of change, over the lifespan. Brain charts identified previously unreported neurodevelopmental milestones3, showed high stability of individuals across longitudinal assessments, and demonstrated robustness to technical and methodological differences between primary studies. Centile scores showed increased heritability compared with non-centiled MRI phenotypes, and provided a standardized measure of atypical brain structure that revealed patterns of neuroanatomical variation across neurological and psychiatric disorders. In summary, brain charts are an essential step towards robust quantification of individual variation benchmarked to normative trajectories in multiple, commonly used neuroimaging phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R A I Bethlehem
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - J Seidlitz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - S R White
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - J W Vogel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Lifespan Informatics & Neuroimaging Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - K M Anderson
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - C Adamson
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S Adler
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute for Child Health, London, UK
| | - G S Alexopoulos
- Weill Cornell Institute of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - E Anagnostou
- Department of Pediatrics University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - A Areces-Gonzalez
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- University of Pinar del Río "Hermanos Saiz Montes de Oca", Pinar del Río, Cuba
| | - D E Astle
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - B Auyeung
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M Ayub
- Queen's University, Department of Psychiatry, Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- University College London, Mental Health Neuroscience Research Department, Division of Psychiatry, London, UK
| | - J Bae
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - G Ball
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S Baron-Cohen
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Lifetime Asperger Syndrome Service (CLASS), Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - R Beare
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S A Bedford
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - V Benegal
- Centre for Addiction Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - F Beyer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - J Blangero
- Department of Human Genetics, South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - M Blesa Cábez
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - J P Boardman
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M Borzage
- Fetal and Neonatal Institute, Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J F Bosch-Bayard
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - N Bourke
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Care Research and Technology Centre, Dementia Research Institute, London, UK
| | - V D Calhoun
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - M M Chakravarty
- McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Computational Brain Anatomy (CoBrA) Laboratory, Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - C Chen
- Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - C Chertavian
- Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - G Chetelat
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Y S Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - J H Cole
- Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), University College London, London, UK
- Dementia Research Centre (DRC), University College London, London, UK
| | - A Corvin
- Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Costantino
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, Quebec, Canada
- Undergraduate program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - E Courchesne
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Autism Center of Excellence, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - F Crivello
- Institute of Neurodegenerative Disorders, CNRS UMR5293, CEA, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - V L Cropley
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Crosbie
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - N Crossley
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Instituto Milenio Intelligent Healthcare Engineering, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Delarue
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - R Delorme
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - S Desrivieres
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - G A Devenyi
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, McGill Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - M A Di Biase
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Dolan
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, London, UK
| | - K A Donald
- Division of Developmental Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - G Donohoe
- Center for Neuroimaging, Cognition & Genomics (NICOG), School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - K Dunlop
- Weil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - A D Edwards
- Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, UK
- Evelina London Children's Hospital, London, UK
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, London, UK
| | - J T Elison
- Institute of Child Development, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - C T Ellis
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J A Elman
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - L Eyler
- Desert-Pacific Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA San Diego Healthcare, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - D A Fair
- Institute of Child Development, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - E Feczko
- Institute of Child Development, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - P C Fletcher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, and Wellcome Trust MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - P Fonagy
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
- Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, UK
| | - C E Franz
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - A Gholipour
- Computational Radiology Laboratory, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Giedd
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - J H Gilmore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - D C Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - I M Goodyer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - P E Grant
- Division of Newborn Medicine and Neuroradiology, Fetal Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N A Groenewold
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, SA-MRC Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - F M Gunning
- Weill Cornell Institute of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - R E Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - R C Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - C F Hammill
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - O Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - T Hedden
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Heinz
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - R N Henson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - K Heuer
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - J Hoare
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - B Holla
- Department of Integrative Medicine, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, India
- Accelerator Program for Discovery in Brain disorders using Stem cells (ADBS), Department of Psychiatry, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, India
| | - A J Holmes
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - R Holt
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - H Huang
- Radiology Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- The Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - K Im
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Newborn Medicine and Neuroradiology, Fetal Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Ipser
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - C R Jack
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - A P Jackowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry, Beijing, China
| | - T Jia
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and BrainInspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - K A Johnson
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Aging Brain Study, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P B Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - D T Jones
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - R S Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, NY, USA
| | - H Karlsson
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Turku Brain and Mind Center, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - L Karlsson
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Turku Brain and Mind Center, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - R Kawashima
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryocho, Aobaku, Sendai, Japan
| | - E A Kelley
- Queen's University, Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Kern
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatry, Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K W Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, SNU-MRC, Seoul, South Korea
| | - M G Kitzbichler
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - W S Kremen
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - F Lalonde
- Section on Developmental Neurogenomics, Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - B Landeau
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - S Lee
- Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Lerch
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - J D Lewis
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - J Li
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - W Liao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - C Liston
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - M V Lombardo
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Laboratory for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems @UniTn, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rovereto, Italy
| | - J Lv
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C Lynch
- Weil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - T T Mallard
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - M Marcelis
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Institute for Mental Health Care Eindhoven (GGzE), Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - R D Markello
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - S R Mathias
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - B Mazoyer
- Institute of Neurodegenerative Disorders, CNRS UMR5293, CEA, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - P McGuire
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M J Meaney
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore, Singapore
| | - A Mechelli
- Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - N Medic
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - B Misic
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - S E Morgan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The Alan Turing Institute, London, UK
| | - D Mothersill
- Department of Psychology, School of Business, National College of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Psychology and Center for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Nigg
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - M Q W Ong
- Center for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - C Ortinau
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - R Ossenkoppele
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Lund University, Clinical Memory Research Unit, Lund, Sweden
| | - M Ouyang
- Radiology Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - L Palaniyappan
- Robarts Research Institute and The Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Paly
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - P M Pan
- Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Poalo (UNIFESP), Sao Poalo, Brazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INPD), Sao Poalo, Brazil
| | - C Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne School of Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - M M Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - T Paus
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Z Pausova
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Physiology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Paz-Linares
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Cuban Neuroscience Center, Havana, Cuba
| | - A Pichet Binette
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - K Pierce
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - X Qian
- Center for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - J Qiu
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - A Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - A Raznahan
- Section on Developmental Neurogenomics, Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - T Rittman
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A Rodrigue
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C K Rollins
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Romero-Garcia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS) HUVR/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Dpto. de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Seville, Spain
| | - L Ronan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - M D Rosenberg
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - D H Rowitch
- Department of Paediatrics and Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - G A Salum
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry (INPD), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - T D Satterthwaite
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Lifespan Informatics & Neuroimaging Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - H L Schaare
- Otto Hahn Group Cognitive Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7: Brain and Behaviour), Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| | - R J Schachar
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A P Schultz
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Aging Brain Study, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - G Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), Institute for Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- PONS-Centre, Charite Mental Health, Dept of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charite Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Schöll
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Dementia Research Centre, Queen's Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - D Sharp
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Care Research and Technology Centre, UK Dementia Research Institute, London, UK
| | - R T Shinohara
- Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - I Skoog
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatry, Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C D Smyser
- Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics, and Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - R A Sperling
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Aging Brain Study, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D J Stein
- SA MRC Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Dept of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - A Stolicyn
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - J Suckling
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - G Sullivan
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Y Taki
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryocho, Aobaku, Sendai, Japan
| | - B Thyreau
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryocho, Aobaku, Sendai, Japan
| | - R Toro
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Neuroscience, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - N Traut
- Department of Neuroscience, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Center for Research and Interdisciplinarity (CRI), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - K A Tsvetanov
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - N B Turk-Browne
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J J Tuulari
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Turku Brain and Mind Center, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Collegium for Science, Medicine and Technology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - C Tzourio
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, U1219, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - É Vachon-Presseau
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - P A Valdes-Sosa
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain (AECRP), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - S L Valk
- Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine 7, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - T van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - S N Vandekar
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - L Vasung
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - L W Victoria
- Weill Cornell Institute of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Villeneuve
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - A Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - P E Vértes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The Alan Turing Institute, London, UK
| | - K Wagstyl
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, London, UK
| | - Y S Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Developmental Population Neuroscience Research Center, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- National Basic Science Data Center, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Lifespan Development of Brain and Mind, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - S K Warfield
- Computational Radiology Laboratory, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - V Warrier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - E Westman
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M L Westwater
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - H C Whalley
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A V Witte
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, CRC 1052 'Obesity Mechanisms', University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - N Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Developmental Population Neuroscience Research Center, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- National Basic Science Data Center, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Lifespan Development of Brain and Mind, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - B Yeo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition and Centre for Translational MR Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- N.1 Institute for Health & Institute for Digital Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme (ISEP), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - H Yun
- Division of Newborn Medicine and Neuroradiology, Fetal Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Zalesky
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - H J Zar
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, SA-MRC Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - A Zettergren
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J H Zhou
- Center for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Center for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - H Ziauddeen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A Zugman
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INPD), Sao Poalo, Brazil
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - X N Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Developmental Population Neuroscience Research Center, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- National Basic Science Data Center, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Lifespan Development of Brain and Mind, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain and Education, School of Education Science, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China
| | - E T Bullmore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A F Alexander-Bloch
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lowet DS, Kolan A, Vaida F, Hesselink JR, Levin HS, Ewing-Cobbs L, Schachar RJ, Chapman SB, Bigler ED, Wilde EA, Saunders AE, Yang TT, Tymofiyeva O, Arif H, Max JE. Novel Oppositional Defiant Disorder 6 Months After Traumatic Brain Injury in Children and Adolescents. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 34:68-76. [PMID: 34763527 PMCID: PMC10362978 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21020052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The investigators aimed to assess predictive factors of novel oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) among children and adolescents in the first 6 months following traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS Children ages 5-14 years who experienced a TBI were recruited from consecutive admissions to five hospitals. Testing of a biopsychosocial model that may elucidate the development of novel ODD included assessment soon after injury (baseline) of preinjury characteristics, including psychiatric disorders, adaptive function, family function, psychosocial adversity, family psychiatric history, socioeconomic status, injury severity, and postinjury processing speed (which may be a proxy for brain injury). MRI analyses were also conducted to examine potential brain lesions. Psychiatric outcome, including that of novel ODD, was assessed 6 months after the injury. RESULTS A total of 177 children and adolescents were recruited for the study, and 134 who were without preinjury ODD, conduct disorder, or disruptive behavior disorder not otherwise specified (DBD NOS) returned for the 6-month assessment. Of those who returned 6 months postinjury, 11 (8.2%) developed novel ODD, and none developed novel conduct disorder or DBD NOS. Novel ODD was significantly associated with socioeconomic status, preinjury family functioning, psychosocial adversity, and processing speed. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that an important minority of children with TBI developed ODD. Psychosocial and injury-related variables, including socioeconomic status, lower family function, psychosocial adversity, and processing speed, significantly increase risk for this outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Lowet
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Arif, Max); Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Conn. (Kolan); Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Departments of Pediatrics (Ewing-Cobbs) and Psychiatry (Saunders), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; the Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Anish Kolan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Arif, Max); Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Conn. (Kolan); Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Departments of Pediatrics (Ewing-Cobbs) and Psychiatry (Saunders), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; the Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Florin Vaida
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Arif, Max); Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Conn. (Kolan); Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Departments of Pediatrics (Ewing-Cobbs) and Psychiatry (Saunders), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; the Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - John R Hesselink
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Arif, Max); Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Conn. (Kolan); Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Departments of Pediatrics (Ewing-Cobbs) and Psychiatry (Saunders), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; the Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Harvey S Levin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Arif, Max); Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Conn. (Kolan); Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Departments of Pediatrics (Ewing-Cobbs) and Psychiatry (Saunders), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; the Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Linda Ewing-Cobbs
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Arif, Max); Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Conn. (Kolan); Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Departments of Pediatrics (Ewing-Cobbs) and Psychiatry (Saunders), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; the Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Arif, Max); Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Conn. (Kolan); Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Departments of Pediatrics (Ewing-Cobbs) and Psychiatry (Saunders), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; the Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Sandra B Chapman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Arif, Max); Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Conn. (Kolan); Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Departments of Pediatrics (Ewing-Cobbs) and Psychiatry (Saunders), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; the Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Erin D Bigler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Arif, Max); Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Conn. (Kolan); Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Departments of Pediatrics (Ewing-Cobbs) and Psychiatry (Saunders), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; the Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Elisabeth A Wilde
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Arif, Max); Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Conn. (Kolan); Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Departments of Pediatrics (Ewing-Cobbs) and Psychiatry (Saunders), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; the Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Ann E Saunders
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Arif, Max); Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Conn. (Kolan); Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Departments of Pediatrics (Ewing-Cobbs) and Psychiatry (Saunders), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; the Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Tony T Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Arif, Max); Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Conn. (Kolan); Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Departments of Pediatrics (Ewing-Cobbs) and Psychiatry (Saunders), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; the Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Olga Tymofiyeva
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Arif, Max); Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Conn. (Kolan); Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Departments of Pediatrics (Ewing-Cobbs) and Psychiatry (Saunders), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; the Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Hattan Arif
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Arif, Max); Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Conn. (Kolan); Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Departments of Pediatrics (Ewing-Cobbs) and Psychiatry (Saunders), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; the Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| | - Jeffrey E Max
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Lowet, Arif, Max); Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Conn. (Kolan); Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, University of California, San Diego (Vaida); Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego (Hesselink); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Levin); Departments of Pediatrics (Ewing-Cobbs) and Psychiatry (Saunders), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; the Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Schachar); Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (Chapman); Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah (Bigler); Department of Neurology, Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Bigler, Wilde); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (Yang); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (Tymofiyeva); and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (Max)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Dupuis A, Mudiyanselage P, Burton CL, Arnold PD, Crosbie J, Schachar RJ. Hyperfocus or flow? Attentional strengths in autism spectrum disorder. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:886692. [PMID: 36276327 PMCID: PMC9579965 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.886692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The comorbidity of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnoses is well established. An ASD diagnosis is associated with elevated ADHD traits and symptoms, as well as strengths in attention. In the ASD literature, attentional strengths have been described as maladaptive (e.g., hyperfocus), in contrast with positive portrayals in the typically developing population (e.g., flow). The objective of this study was to (1) compare profiles of attentional strengths and weaknesses in ASD and ADHD and (2) determine whether attentional strengths in ASD are associated with impairment, poorer cognitive flexibility, and perseveration/perfectionism. In a community sample of 5,744 children and youth, 131 children were reported as having a diagnosis of ASD (mean age 10.3 years) and 346 children were reported as having a diagnosis of ADHD (mean age 10.7 years). We used the Strengths and Weaknesses of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity-symptoms and Normal-behaviors (SWAN) rating scale to calculate attentional and hyperactive/impulse control strength and weakness counts and scores. The Autism-Spectrum Quotient Switching factor served as a measure of cognitive flexibility. Impairment was assessed with the Columbia Impairment Scale. We used the symmetry/ordering factor on the Toronto Obsessive-Compulsive Scale as a measure of perseveration/perfectionism. No differences were found between the ADHD and ASD groups in SWAN weakness scores, symptoms, or hyperactive/impulse control strengths; however, autistic children had higher rates of attentional strengths [odds ratio: 5.7, 95% CI (2.8, 11.6), p < 0.0001]. Post-hoc pairwise testing identified four attentional strengths with significantly higher rates in ASD than in ADHD. Attentional strength scores were not associated with impairment or poor cognitive flexibility, but predicted levels of perseveration/perfectionism. The effect of attentional strengths on impairment and cognitive flexibility did not differ between autistic and Control children, but the higher perseveration/perfectionism scores seen in ASD were not found in Control children. ASD is associated with a pattern of attentional strengths that is not found in ADHD Characterizing the full range of attentional abilities in autistic children may explain variability in outcomes such as quality-of-life indicators and identify protective factors, providing targets for strength-based behavioral interventions. The clinical and etiological implications of the subgroup of autistic children with attentional strengths require further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annie Dupuis
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Piyumi Mudiyanselage
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christie L Burton
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul D Arnold
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lambe LJ, Burton CL, Anagnostou E, Kelley E, Nicolson R, Georgiades S, Soreni N, Schachar RJ, Hanna GL, Arnold PD, Crosbie J. Clinical validation of the parent‐report Toronto Obsessive–Compulsive Scale (TOCS): A pediatric open‐source rating scale. JCPP Advances 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laura J. Lambe
- Program of Neurosciences and Mental Health Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Christie L. Burton
- Program of Neurosciences and Mental Health Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Evdokia Anagnostou
- Bloorview Research Institute Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Pediatrics University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Elizabeth Kelley
- Department of Psychology Queen's University Kingston Ontario Canada
| | - Robert Nicolson
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Western Ontario London Ontario Canada
| | - Stelios Georgiades
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada
| | - Noam Soreni
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada
- Department of Psychiatry St. Joe's Healthcare Hamilton Ontario Canada
| | - Russell J. Schachar
- Program of Neurosciences and Mental Health Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Gregory L. Hanna
- Department of Psychiatry University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Paul D. Arnold
- The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education Calgary Alberta Canada
- Departments of Psychiatry and Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
- Program of Genetics and Genome Biology Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Program of Neurosciences and Mental Health Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
van der Plas E, Noakes TLS, Butcher DT, Weksberg R, Galin-Corini L, Wanstall EA, Te P, Hopf L, Guger S, Hitzler J, Schachar RJ, Ito S, Nieman BJ. Cognitive and behavioral risk factors for low quality of life in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Res 2021; 90:419-426. [PMID: 33203967 PMCID: PMC9014848 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-020-01230-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With high survival rates for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), long-term quality of life is a prominent consideration in treatment. We concurrently evaluated cognition, behavior, and quality of life in child and adolescent ALL survivors and determined associations between them. METHODS The sample included 83 controls (mean age: 12.5 years) and 71 ALL survivors (mean age: 11.9 years, mean age at diagnosis: 3.8 years). Participants completed measures of general intellectual abilities, math achievement, and fine motor skills. Parents and teachers completed a survey assessing child participants' cognitive, behavioral, and emotional function. Parents additionally completed a survey about their child's quality of life. RESULTS Survivors had lower scores on measures of working memory, processing speed, timed math, and fine motor skills (effect size 0.5-1, p < 0.001). Parents identified more problems with executive function and learning in survivors than controls (effect size > 0.7, p < 0.001), and indicated a lower quality of life in all categories evaluated (effect size > 0.7, p < 10-4). Reduced quality of life was associated with lower math achievement scores and with inattention and executive function problems. CONCLUSIONS ALL survivors experience diffuse cognitive, behavioral, and motor impairments, which are associated with reduced quality of life. These findings underscore the need to address these challenges in ALL survivors. IMPACT Compared with cancer-free peers, parents of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors treated with chemotherapy only reported reduced quality of life. Math difficulties and behavioral problems increased the risk for reduced quality of life. Reduced quality of life is associated with mild cognitive and behavioral difficulties, suggesting that even relatively mild impairments have broad implications for ALL survivors. Screening and early intervention targeting cognitive and behavioral function may enhance quality of life for ALL survivors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen van der Plas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Hospital & Clinics, Iowa City, IA
| | - T. Leigh Spencer Noakes
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada,Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Darci T. Butcher
- Genetics & Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Rosanna Weksberg
- Genetics & Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada,Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Elizabeth A. Wanstall
- Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Patrick Te
- Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada,Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laura Hopf
- Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sharon Guger
- Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Johann Hitzler
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Russell J. Schachar
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada,Psychiatry Research, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shinya Ito
- Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada,Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada,Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brian J. Nieman
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada,Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada,Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Corresponding Author: Brian J. Nieman, Hospital for Sick Children, Centre for Phenogenomics25 Orde Street, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5T 3H7; 416-813-7654 ext. 309555;
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mansour R, Ward AR, Lane DM, Loveland KA, Aman MG, Jerger S, Schachar RJ, Pearson DA. ADHD severity as a predictor of cognitive task performance in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Res Dev Disabil 2021; 111:103882. [PMID: 33548744 PMCID: PMC7987770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, a number of studies have begun to explore the nature of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In this study, we examined the relationship between both symptoms of ADHD and symptoms of ASD on cognitive task performance in a sample of higher-functioning children and adolescents with ASD. Participants completed cognitive tasks tapping aspects of attention, impulsivity/inhibition, and immediate memory. AIMS We hypothesized that children with ASD who had higher levels of ADHD symptom severity would be at higher risk for poorer sustained attention and selective attention, greater impulsivity/disinhibition, and weaker memory. METHODS AND PROCEDURES The sample included 92 children (73 males) diagnosed with ASD (Mean Age = 9.41 years; Mean Full Scale IQ = 84.2). OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Using regression analyses, more severe ADHD symptomatology was found to be significantly related to weaker performance on tasks measuring attention, immediate memory, and response inhibition. In contrast, increasing severity of ASD symptomatology was not associated with higher risk of poorer performance on any of the cognitive tasks assessed. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These results suggest that children with ASD who have more severe ADHD symptoms are at higher risk for impairments in tasks assessing attention, immediate memory, and response inhibition-similar to ADHD-related impairments seen in the general pediatric population. As such, clinicians should assess various aspects of cognition in pediatric patients with ASD in order to facilitate optimal interventional and educational planning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosleen Mansour
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States
| | - Anthony R Ward
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States
| | | | - Katherine A Loveland
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States
| | | | | | | | - Deborah A Pearson
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Burton CL, Lemire M, Xiao B, Corfield EC, Erdman L, Bralten J, Poelmans G, Yu D, Shaheen SM, Goodale T, Sinopoli VM, Soreni N, Hanna GL, Fitzgerald KD, Rosenberg D, Nestadt G, Paterson AD, Strug LJ, Schachar RJ, Crosbie J, Arnold PD. Genome-wide association study of pediatric obsessive-compulsive traits: shared genetic risk between traits and disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:91. [PMID: 33531474 PMCID: PMC7870035 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01121-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a novel trait-based measure, we examined genetic variants associated with obsessive-compulsive (OC) traits and tested whether OC traits and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) shared genetic risk. We conducted a genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) of OC traits using the Toronto Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (TOCS) in 5018 unrelated Caucasian children and adolescents from the community (Spit for Science sample). We tested the hypothesis that genetic variants associated with OC traits from the community would be associated with clinical OCD using a meta-analysis of all currently available OCD cases. Shared genetic risk was examined between OC traits and OCD in the respective samples using polygenic risk score and genetic correlation analyses. A locus tagged by rs7856850 in an intron of PTPRD (protein tyrosine phosphatase δ) was significantly associated with OC traits at the genome-wide significance level (p = 2.48 × 10-8). rs7856850 was also associated with OCD in a meta-analysis of OCD case/control genome-wide datasets (p = 0.0069). The direction of effect was the same as in the community sample. Polygenic risk scores from OC traits were significantly associated with OCD in case/control datasets and vice versa (p's < 0.01). OC traits were highly, but not significantly, genetically correlated with OCD (rg = 0.71, p = 0.062). We report the first validated genome-wide significant variant for OC traits in PTPRD, downstream of the most significant locus in a previous OCD GWAS. OC traits measured in the community sample shared genetic risk with OCD case/control status. Our results demonstrate the feasibility and power of using trait-based approaches in community samples for genetic discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bowei Xiao
- Genetics and Genome Biology Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Lauren Erdman
- Genetics and Genome Biology Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Janita Bralten
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Geert Poelmans
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Dongmei Yu
- The Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - S-M Shaheen
- The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Canada
- Departments of Psychiatry and Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Tara Goodale
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Vanessa M Sinopoli
- Genetics and Genome Biology Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Noam Soreni
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gregory L Hanna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kate D Fitzgerald
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - David Rosenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Gerald Nestadt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrew D Paterson
- Genetics and Genome Biology Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Divisions of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lisa J Strug
- Genetics and Genome Biology Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Statistical Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Science, Toronto, Canada
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Paul D Arnold
- Genetics and Genome Biology Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Canada
- Departments of Psychiatry and Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
van der Plas E, Spencer Noakes TL, Butcher DT, Weksberg R, Galin-Corini L, Wanstall EA, Te P, Hopf L, Guger S, Spiegler BJ, Hitzler J, Schachar RJ, Ito S, Nieman BJ. Quantitative MRI outcomes in child and adolescent leukemia survivors: Evidence for global alterations in gray and white matter. Neuroimage Clin 2020; 28:102428. [PMID: 32980598 PMCID: PMC7522853 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Studies of cognition in ALL survivors consistently show evidence of mild neurocognitive difficulties. Structural MRI showed widespread differences between survivors and controls. Gray and white matter volumes were respectively 5 and 6% smaller in survivors. Survivors also exhibited altered white matter diffusion overall.
Introduction Cure rates for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have reached an all-time high (>90%); however, neurocognitive difficulties continue to affect quality of life in at least a subset of survivors. There are relatively few quantitative neuroimaging studies in child and adolescent ALL survivors treated with chemotherapy only. Use of different outcome measures or limited sample sizes restrict our ability to make inferences about patterns of brain development following chemotherapy treatment. In this study, we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate brain outcomes in ALL survivors, comparing against a group of typically developing, cancer free peers. Materials and methods Participants included 71 ALL survivors, on average 8 years after diagnosis and 8–18 years of age, and 83 typically developing controls. Anatomical MRI was performed to evaluate brain structure; diffusion and magnetization transfer MRI were used to examine brain tissue microstructure. Results Successful MRI scans were acquired in 67 survivors (94%) and 82 controls (99%). Structurally, ALL survivors exhibited widespread reductions in brain volume, with 6% less white matter and 5% less gray matter than controls (p = 0.003 and 0.0006 respectively). Much of the brain appeared affected – 71 of 90 evaluated structures showed smaller volume – with the most notable exception being the occipital lobe, where no significant differences were observed. Average full-scale IQ in the survivor and control groups were 95 (CI 92–99) and 110 (CI 107–113), respectively. Using data from the NIH Pediatric MRI Data Repository, we evaluated the extent to which elevated IQ in the control group might affect the structural differences observed. We estimated that two thirds of the observed brain differences were attributable to ALL and its treatment. In addition to the structural changes, survivors showed, on average, globally lower white matter fractional anisotropy (-3%) and higher radial diffusivity (+5%) (p < 10−6), but no differences in magnetization transfer ratio. Conclusions Neuroanatomical alterations in late childhood and adolescent ALL survivors treated with chemotherapy-only protocols are widespread, with white matter being somewhat more affected than gray matter. These MRI results indicate brain development is altered in ALL survivors and highlight the need to examine how these alterations emerge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen van der Plas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Hospital & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - T Leigh Spencer Noakes
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Darci T Butcher
- Genetics & Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Rosanna Weksberg
- Genetics & Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Elizabeth A Wanstall
- Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Patrick Te
- Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laura Hopf
- Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sharon Guger
- Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brenda J Spiegler
- Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Johann Hitzler
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Psychiatry Research, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shinya Ito
- Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brian J Nieman
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pearson DA, Santos CW, Aman MG, Arnold LE, Lane DM, Loveland KA, Mansour R, Ward AR, Casat CD, Jerger S, Schachar RJ, Bukstein OG, Cleveland LA. Effects of Extended-Release Methylphenidate Treatment on Cognitive Task Performance in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2020; 30:414-426. [PMID: 32644833 PMCID: PMC7475091 DOI: 10.1089/cap.2020.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the effectiveness of four doses of psychostimulant medication, combining extended-release methylphenidate (ER-MPH) in the morning with immediate-release MPH (IR-MPH) in the afternoon, on cognitive task performance. Method: The sample comprised 24 children (19 boys and 5 girls) who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) criteria for an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) on the Autism Diagnostic Interview-R and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, and had significant symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This sample consisted of elementary school-age, community-based children (mean chronological age = 8.8 years, SD = 1.7; mean intelligence quotient = 85; SD = 16.8). Effects of placebo and three dose levels of ER-MPH (containing 0.21, 0.35, and 0.48 mg/kg equivalent of IR-MPH) on cognitive task performance were compared using a within-subject, crossover, placebo-controlled design. Each of the four MPH dosing regimens (placebo, low-dose MPH, medium-dose MPH, and high-dose MPH) was administered for 1 week; the dosing order was counterbalanced across children. Results: MPH treatment was associated with significant performance gains on cognitive tasks tapping sustained attention, selective attention, and impulsivity/inhibition. Dose/response was generally linear in the dose range studied, with no evidence of deterioration in performance at higher MPH doses in the dose range studied. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that MPH formulations are associated with significant improvements on cognitive task performance in children with ASD and ADHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A. Pearson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Cynthia W. Santos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - David M. Lane
- Department of Psychological Sciences and Department of Statistics, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Katherine A. Loveland
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rosleen Mansour
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anthony R. Ward
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Charles D. Casat
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Susan Jerger
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Lynne A. Cleveland
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sinopoli VM, Erdman L, Burton CL, Park LS, Dupuis A, Shan J, Goodale T, Shaheen SM, Crosbie J, Schachar RJ, Arnold PD. Serotonin system genes and hoarding with and without other obsessive-compulsive traits in a population-based, pediatric sample: A genetic association study. Depress Anxiety 2020; 37:760-770. [PMID: 32092211 DOI: 10.1002/da.22996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hoarding, originally only considered a symptom of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), is now categorized as a separate disorder in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). We studied candidate serotonergic genes and the distinctness of hoarding in children and adolescents and hypothesized that unique gene variants would be associated with hoarding alone. METHODS We examined obsessive-compulsive (OC) traits, including hoarding, in a total of 5,213 pediatric participants in the community. We genotyped candidate serotonin genes (5-HTTLPR polymorphism in SLC6A4 for 2,018 individuals and single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs] across genes SLC6A4, HTR2A, and HTR1B for 4,711 individuals). In a previous study conducted by our group in the same sample, we identified a significant association between 5-HTTLPR and hoarding in males. In this study, we examined hoarding more closely by testing the association between serotonin gene variants and hoarding traits with and without other accompanying OC traits. RESULTS The [LG +S] variant in 5-HTTLPR was significantly associated with hoarding alone in males (p-value of 0.009). There were no significant findings for 5-HTTLPR in females. There were no significant findings after correction for multiple comparisons using SNP array data, but top SNP findings suggested that variation downstream of HTR1B may be implicated in hoarding alone in females. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest specific serotonin gene variants are associated with hoarding traits alone, differing between sexes. Top findings are in line with our former study, suggesting that individuals with hoarding alone were driving previous results. Our paper supports hoarding disorder's new designation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa M Sinopoli
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Program in Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lauren Erdman
- Program in Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christie L Burton
- Program in Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laura S Park
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Program in Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Annie Dupuis
- Clinical Research Services, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Janet Shan
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tara Goodale
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S-M Shaheen
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul D Arnold
- Program in Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Departments of Psychiatry and Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chevrier A, Schachar RJ. BOLD differences normally attributed to inhibitory control predict symptoms, not task-directed inhibitory control in ADHD. J Neurodev Disord 2020; 12:8. [PMID: 32085698 PMCID: PMC7035717 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-020-09311-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Altered brain activity that has been observed in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) while performing cognitive control tasks like the stop signal task (SST) has generally been interpreted as reflecting either weak (under-active) or compensatory (over-active) versions of the same functions as in healthy controls. If so, then regional activities that correlate with the efficiency of inhibitory control (i.e. stop signal reaction time, SSRT) in healthy subjects should also correlate with SSRT in ADHD. Here we test the alternate hypothesis that BOLD (blood-oxygen-level-dependent) differences might instead reflect the redirection of neural processing resources normally used for task-directed inhibitory control, towards actively managing symptomatic behaviour. If so, then activities that correlate with SSRT in TD should instead correlate with inattentive and hyperactive symptoms in ADHD. Methods We used fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) in 14 typically developing (TD) and 14 ADHD adolescents performing the SST, and in a replication sample of 14 healthy adults. First, we identified significant group BOLD differences during all phases of activity in the SST (i.e. warning, response, reactive inhibition, error detection and post-error slowing). Next, we correlated these phases of activity with SSRT in TD and with SSRT, inattentive and hyperactive symptom scores in ADHD. We then identified whole brain significant correlations in regions of significant group difference in activity. Results Only three regions of significant group difference were correlated with SSRT in TD and replication groups (left and right inferior frontal gyri (IFG) during error detection and hypothalamus during post-error slowing). Consistent with regions of altered activity managing symptomatic behaviour instead of task-directed behaviour, left IFG correlated with greater inattentive score, right IFG correlated with lower hyperactive score and hypothalamus correlated with greater inattentive score and oppositely correlated with SSRT compared to TD. Conclusions Stimuli that elicit task-directed integration of neural processing in healthy subjects instead appear to be directing integrated function towards managing symptomatic behaviour in ADHD. The ability of the current approach to determine whether altered neural activities reflect comparable functions in ADHD and control groups has broad implications for the development and monitoring of therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andre Chevrier
- Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Tremblay LK, Hammill C, Ameis SH, Bhaijiwala M, Mabbott DJ, Anagnostou E, Lerch JP, Schachar RJ. Tracking Inhibitory Control in Youth With ADHD: A Multi-Modal Neuroimaging Approach. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:00831. [PMID: 33329071 PMCID: PMC7710692 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A decreased ability to inhibit a speeded motor response is a well-studied deficit in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and has been proposed as an endophenotype. Inhibitory control has been assessed reliably with the Stop Signal Task (SST) and is associated with prior documented differences in regional brain function using f-MRI. Here, we advance on these findings by examining their structural connectivity and white matter integrity with the goal of identifying a network underlying a core cognitive deficit in ADHD. METHODS Healthy controls (N=16) and youth diagnosed with ADHD (N=60) were recruited through the Province of Ontario Neurodevelopmental Disorders Network (POND) and the Hospital for Sick Children. An f-MRI activation difference map was co-registered with each participant's white matter imaging data, representing the specific network nodes where ADHD youth diverged significantly from controls while performing the SST. Probabilistic tractography was applied from these nodes, and white matter integrity indices such as fractional anisotropy (FA) within the tracts of interest were contrasted between the groups and correlated with SST output measures, including the measure of inhibitory control, the stop signal reaction time (SSRT). RESULTS The tracts that connected the network nodes belonged primarily to the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF) and cingulum. ADHD subjects showed trend differences in FA compared to controls between right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and right superior temporal gyrus (P= 0.09), right IFG and right posterior cingulate (P= 0.01), right anterior cingulate to posterior cingulate (p= 0.08), and between left middle temporal gyrus (BA 39) and left posterior cingulate (P=0.02). A trend correlation was found between radial diffusivity within IFG to STG white matter (IFOF) and SSRT. CONCLUSIONS We identified potential white matter tracts related to deficient inhibitory control, elucidating the brain mechanisms of an important cognitive deficit in ADHD. These findings could be integrated into future endophenotypic biomarker studies, incorporating altogether brain structure, function, and behavior for future studies of ADHD and other psychiatric conditions that exhibit this deficit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lescia K Tremblay
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher Hammill
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephanie H Ameis
- The Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child, Youth & Family Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mehereen Bhaijiwala
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Donald J Mabbott
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Evdokia Anagnostou
- Department of Paediatrics, Holland Bloorview Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jason P Lerch
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sinopoli VM, Erdman L, Burton CL, Park LS, Dupuis A, Shan J, Goodale T, Shaheen SM, Crosbie J, Schachar RJ, Arnold PD. Serotonin system genes and obsessive-compulsive trait dimensions in a population-based, pediatric sample: a genetic association study. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2019; 60:1289-1299. [PMID: 31321769 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serotonin system genes are commonly studied in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but genetic studies to date have produced inconsistent results, possibly because phenotypic heterogeneity has not been adequately accounted for. In this paper, we studied candidate serotonergic genes and homogenous phenotypic subgroups as presented through obsessive-compulsive (OC) trait dimensions in a general population of children and adolescents. We hypothesized that different serotonergic gene variants are associated with different OC trait dimensions and, furthermore, that they vary by sex. METHODS Obsessive-compulsive trait dimensions (Cleaning/Contamination, Counting/Checking, Symmetry/Ordering, Superstition, Rumination, and Hoarding) were examined in a total of 5,213 pediatric participants in the community using the Toronto Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (TOCS). We genotyped candidate serotonin genes (directly genotyping the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism in SLC6A4 for 2018 individuals and using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array data for genes SLC6A4, HTR2A, and HTR1B for 4711 individuals). We assessed the association between variants across these genes and each of the OC trait dimensions, within males and females separately. We analyzed OC traits as both (a) dichotomized based on a threshold value and (b) quantitative scores. RESULTS The [LG + S] variant in 5-HTTLPR was significantly associated with hoarding in males (p-value of 0.003 and 0.004 for categorical and continuous analyses, respectively). There were no significant findings for 5-HTTLPR in females. Using SNP array data, there were significant findings for rumination in males for HTR2A SNPs (p-value of 1.04e-6 to 5.20e-6). CONCLUSIONS This represents the first genetic association study of OC trait dimensions in a community-based pediatric sample. Our strongest results indicate that hoarding and rumination may be distinct in their association with serotonin gene variants and that serotonin gene variation may be specific to sex. Future genetic association studies in OCD should properly account for heterogeneity, using homogenous subgroups stratified by symptom dimension, sex, and age group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa M Sinopoli
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Program in Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lauren Erdman
- Program in Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christie L Burton
- Program in Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laura S Park
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Program in Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Annie Dupuis
- Clinical Research Services, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Janet Shan
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tara Goodale
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S-M Shaheen
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul D Arnold
- Program in Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Departments of Psychiatry and Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Burton CL, Wright L, Shan J, Xiao B, Dupuis A, Goodale T, Shaheen SM, Corfield EC, Arnold PD, Schachar RJ, Crosbie J. SWAN scale for ADHD trait-based genetic research: a validity and polygenic risk study. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2019; 60:988-997. [PMID: 30908652 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population-based samples with valid, quantitative and genetically informative trait measures of psychopathology could be a powerful complement to case/control genetic designs. We report the convergent and predictive validity of the parent- and self-report versions of the Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD Symptoms and Normal Behavior Rating Scale (SWAN). We tested if SWAN scores were associated with ADHD diagnosis, ADHD polygenic risk, as well as traits and polygenic risk for disorders that co-occur with ADHD: anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). METHODS We collected parent- and self-report SWAN scores in a sample of 15,560 children and adolescents (6-17 years) recruited at a science museum (Spit for Science sample). We established age and sex norms for the SWAN. Sensitivity-specificity analyses determined SWAN cut-points that discriminated those with and without a reported ADHD diagnosis. These cut-points were validated in a clinic sample (266 ADHD cases; 36 controls). Convergent validity was established using the Conners' parent- and self-report scales. Using Spit for Science participants with genome-wide data (n = 5,154), we tested if low, medium and high SWAN scores were associated with polygenic risk for ADHD, OCD and anxiety disorders. RESULTS Parent- and self-report SWAN scores showed high convergent validity with Conners' scales and distinguished ADHD participants with high sensitivity and specificity in the Spit for Science sample. In a clinic sample, the Spit for Science cut-points discriminated ADHD cases from controls with a sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 92%. High SWAN scores and scores above the Spit for Science cut-points were significantly associated with polygenic risk for ADHD. SWAN scores were not associated with polygenic risk for OCD or anxiety disorders. CONCLUSIONS Our study supports the validity of the parent- and self-report SWAN scales and their potential in ADHD population-based genetic research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christie L Burton
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Leah Wright
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Janet Shan
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bowei Xiao
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Annie Dupuis
- Clinical Research Services, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tara Goodale
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S-M Shaheen
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Departments of Psychiatry & Medical Genetics, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Elizabeth C Corfield
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul D Arnold
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Departments of Psychiatry & Medical Genetics, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Verbruggen F, Aron AR, Band GP, Beste C, Bissett PG, Brockett AT, Brown JW, Chamberlain SR, Chambers CD, Colonius H, Colzato LS, Corneil BD, Coxon JP, Dupuis A, Eagle DM, Garavan H, Greenhouse I, Heathcote A, Huster RJ, Jahfari S, Kenemans JL, Leunissen I, Li CSR, Logan GD, Matzke D, Morein-Zamir S, Murthy A, Paré M, Poldrack RA, Ridderinkhof KR, Robbins TW, Roesch M, Rubia K, Schachar RJ, Schall JD, Stock AK, Swann NC, Thakkar KN, van der Molen MW, Vermeylen L, Vink M, Wessel JR, Whelan R, Zandbelt BB, Boehler CN. A consensus guide to capturing the ability to inhibit actions and impulsive behaviors in the stop-signal task. eLife 2019; 8:46323. [PMID: 31033438 PMCID: PMC6533084 DOI: 10.7554/elife.46323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 382] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Response inhibition is essential for navigating everyday life. Its derailment is considered integral to numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders, and more generally, to a wide range of behavioral and health problems. Response-inhibition efficiency furthermore correlates with treatment outcome in some of these conditions. The stop-signal task is an essential tool to determine how quickly response inhibition is implemented. Despite its apparent simplicity, there are many features (ranging from task design to data analysis) that vary across studies in ways that can easily compromise the validity of the obtained results. Our goal is to facilitate a more accurate use of the stop-signal task. To this end, we provide 12 easy-to-implement consensus recommendations and point out the problems that can arise when they are not followed. Furthermore, we provide user-friendly open-source resources intended to inform statistical-power considerations, facilitate the correct implementation of the task, and assist in proper data analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam R Aron
- University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dawn M Eagle
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hugh Garavan
- University of Vermont, Burlington, United States
| | | | | | | | - Sara Jahfari
- Spinoza Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Dora Matzke
- University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Katya Rubia
- King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Luc Vermeylen
- Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - C Nico Boehler
- Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nobel E, Brunnekreef JA, Schachar RJ, van den Hoofdakker BJ, Hoekstra PJ. Parent-clinician agreement in rating the presence and severity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 11:21-29. [PMID: 30927229 DOI: 10.1007/s12402-018-0267-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We determined the validity of a parent-report questionnaire as a research tool for rating attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children. Using Cohen's kappa and Pearson correlation, we examined the agreement between parent reports of ADHD symptoms (using the Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Questionnaire-IV; SNAP-IV) and clinical judgment (using a semi-structured parent interview). Also, we explored factors that may be associated with the level of agreement, using regression analyses. We found moderate levels of agreement for severity of overall ADHD (r = 0.43) and for hyperactive-impulsive symptoms (r = 0.54), but no significant agreement for inattentive symptoms. On individual symptom level (range kappa = - 0.05-0.22) and for the presence/absence of ADHD (kappa = 0.14), agreement was poor. Therefore, we conclude that parent-report questionnaires may be acceptable to rate the overall severity of ADHD symptoms in treatment effect studies, but not to detect the presence of ADHD in epidemiological studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Nobel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 XA10, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - J Agnes Brunnekreef
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 XA10, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Barbara J van den Hoofdakker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 XA10, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter J Hoekstra
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 XA10, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Spencer Noakes TL, Przybycien TS, Forwell A, Nicholls C, Zhou YQ, Butcher DT, Weksberg R, Guger SL, Spiegler BJ, Schachar RJ, Hitzler J, Ito S, van der Plas E, Nieman BJ. Brain Development and Heart Function after Systemic Single-Agent Chemotherapy in a Mouse Model of Childhood Leukemia Treatment. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:6040-6052. [PMID: 30054283 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chemotherapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) can cause late-appearing side effects in survivors that affect multiple organs, including the heart and brain. However, the complex ALL treatment regimen makes it difficult to isolate the causes of these side effects and impossible to separate the contributions of individual chemotherapy agents by clinical observation. Using a mouse model, we therefore assessed each of eight representative, systemically-administered ALL chemotherapy agents for their impact on postnatal brain development and heart function. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Mice were treated systemically with a single chemotherapy agent at an infant equivalent age, then allowed to age to early adulthood (9 weeks). Cardiac structure and function were assessed using in vivo high-frequency ultrasound, and brain anatomy was assessed using high-resolution volumetric ex vivo MRI. In addition, longitudinal in vivo MRI was used to determine the time course of developmental change after vincristine treatment. RESULTS Vincristine, doxorubicin, and methotrexate were observed to produce the greatest deficiencies in brain development as determined by volumes measured on MRI, whereas doxorubicin, methotrexate, and l-asparaginase altered heart structure or function. Longitudinal studies of vincristine revealed widespread volume loss immediately following treatment and impaired growth over time in several brain regions. CONCLUSIONS Multiple ALL chemotherapy agents can affect postnatal brain development or heart function. This study provides a ranking of agents based on potential toxicity, and thus highlights a subset likely to cause side effects in early adulthood for further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Leigh Spencer Noakes
- Mouse Imaging Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas S Przybycien
- Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda Forwell
- Mouse Imaging Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Connor Nicholls
- Mouse Imaging Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yu-Qing Zhou
- Mouse Imaging Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Translational Biology and Engineering Program, The University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Darci T Butcher
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rosanna Weksberg
- Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sharon L Guger
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brenda J Spiegler
- Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Psychiatry Research, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Johann Hitzler
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Development and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shinya Ito
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ellen van der Plas
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Brian J Nieman
- Mouse Imaging Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Van Der Plas E, Erdman L, Nieman BJ, Weksberg R, Butcher DT, O'connor DL, Aufreiter S, Hitzler J, Guger SL, Schachar RJ, Ito S, Spiegler BJ. Characterizing neurocognitive late effects in childhood leukemia survivors using a combination of neuropsychological and cognitive neuroscience measures. Child Neuropsychol 2017; 24:999-1014. [PMID: 29017430 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2017.1386170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge about cognitive late effects in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is largely based on standardized neuropsychological measures and parent reports. To examine whether cognitive neuroscience paradigms provided additional insights into neurocognitive and behavioral late effects in ALL survivors, we assessed cognition and behavior using a selection of cognitive neuroscience tasks and standardized measures probing domains previously demonstrated to be affected by chemotherapy. 130 ALL survivors and 158 control subjects, between 8 and 18 years old at time of testing, completed the n-back (working memory) and stop-signal (response inhibition) tasks. ALL survivors also completed standardized measures of intelligence (Wechsler Intelligence Scales [WISC-IV]), motor skills (Grooved Pegboard), math abilities (WIAT-III), and executive functions (Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System). Parents completed behavioral measures of executive functions (Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function [BRIEF]) and attention (Conners-3). ALL survivors exhibited deficiencies in working memory and response inhibition compared with controls. ALL survivors also exhibited deficits on WISC-IV working memory and processing speed, Grooved Pegboard, WIAT-III addition and subtraction fluency, and numerical operations, as well as DKEFS number-letter switching. Parent reports suggested more attention deficits (Conners-3) and behavioral difficulties (BRIEF) in ALL survivors compared with referenced norms. Low correspondence between standardized and experimental measures of working memory and response inhibition was noted. The use of cognitive neuroscience paradigms complements our understanding of the cognitive deficits evident after treatment of ALL. These measures could further delineate cognitive processes involved in neurocognitive late effects, providing opportunities to explore their underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Van Der Plas
- a Translational Medicine , The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute , Toronto , Canada.,b Psychiatry Research , The Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , Canada
| | - Lauren Erdman
- c Genetics and Genome Biology , The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute , Toronto , Canada.,d Department of Computer Science , The University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
| | - Brian J Nieman
- a Translational Medicine , The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute , Toronto , Canada.,e Mouse Imaging Centre , The Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , Canada.,f Ontario Institute for Cancer Research , Toronto , Canada.,g Department of Medical Biophysics , The University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
| | - Rosanna Weksberg
- c Genetics and Genome Biology , The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute , Toronto , Canada.,h Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada.,i Institutes of Medical Science , The University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
| | - Darci T Butcher
- c Genetics and Genome Biology , The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute , Toronto , Canada
| | - Deborah L O'connor
- a Translational Medicine , The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute , Toronto , Canada.,j Nutritional Sciences , The University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
| | - Susanne Aufreiter
- a Translational Medicine , The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute , Toronto , Canada
| | - Johann Hitzler
- h Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada.,k Department of Haematology/Oncology , The Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , Canada
| | - Sharon L Guger
- l Department of Psychology , The Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , Canada
| | - Russell J Schachar
- b Psychiatry Research , The Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , Canada.,i Institutes of Medical Science , The University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada.,m Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
| | - Shinya Ito
- a Translational Medicine , The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute , Toronto , Canada.,n Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology , The Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , Canada.,o Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
| | - Brenda J Spiegler
- h Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada.,l Department of Psychology , The Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Faraone SV, Schachar RJ, Barkley RA, Nullmeier R, Sallee FR. Early Morning Functional Impairments in Stimulant-Treated Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Versus Controls: Impact on the Family. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2017; 27:715-722. [PMID: 28394175 PMCID: PMC5651955 DOI: 10.1089/cap.2016.0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) frequently manifest early morning functional (EMF) impairments before school. We conducted a quantitative research survey to assess the impact of these EMF impairments on the family unit (caregiver, spouse/partner, and siblings). STUDY DESIGN We developed an online survey questionnaire to collect data from 300 primary caregivers of children with ADHD and 50 primary caregivers of children who did not have ADHD. RESULTS Although the ADHD children we surveyed were currently treated with stable doses of stimulants as their primary ADHD medication for at least 3 months, their parents reported high levels of EMF impairments in the child, which had a substantial negative effect on the emotional well-being of parents, on parents' functioning during the early morning routine, and on the level of conflict with siblings. The impact of EMF impairments on family functioning was mediated by the severity of the index child's impairments. CONCLUSIONS EMF impairments exert a pervasive and significantly negative emotional and functional burden on not only the primary caregiver but also on the spouse/partner and siblings. This work suggests that adequate ADHD symptom control during the early morning period may be an unmet need for school-age children with ADHD being treated with stimulants. More work is needed to confirm this finding and determine the degree to which symptom control at other times of day is also an unmet need.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen V. Faraone
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Russell J. Schachar
- Department of Psychiatry and Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Russell A. Barkley
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Rick Nullmeier
- Ironshore Pharmaceuticals & Development, Inc., Camana Bay, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands
| | - F. Randy Sallee
- Ironshore Pharmaceuticals & Development, Inc., Camana Bay, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Baribeau DA, Dupuis A, Paton TA, Scherer SW, Schachar RJ, Arnold PD, Szatmari P, Nicolson R, Georgiades S, Crosbie J, Brian J, Iaboni A, Lerch J, Anagnostou E. Oxytocin Receptor Polymorphisms are Differentially Associated with Social Abilities across Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11618. [PMID: 28912494 PMCID: PMC5599599 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10821-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin is a pituitary neuropeptide that affects social behaviour. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) have been shown to explain some variability in social abilities in control populations. Whether these variants similarly contribute to the severity of social deficits experienced by children with neurodevelopmental disorders is unclear. Social abilities were assessed in a group of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD, n = 341) or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD, n = 276) using two established social measures. Scores were compared by OXTR genotype (rs53576, rs237887, rs13316193, rs2254298). Unexpectedly, the two most frequently studied OXTR SNPs in the general population (rs53576 and rs2254298) were associated with an increased severity of social deficits in ASD (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0005), yet fewer social deficits in ADHD (p = 0.007 and p < 0.0001). We conclude that these genetic modifier alleles are not inherently risk-conferring with respect to their impact on social abilities; molecular investigations are greatly needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Annie Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics Design and Analysis, The Hospital for Sick Children, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tara A Paton
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen W Scherer
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,The McLaughlin Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul D Arnold
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Departments of Psychiatry & Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Peter Szatmari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,The Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rob Nicolson
- The Children's Health Research Institute and Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stelios Georgiades
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Chedoke Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica Brian
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Autism Research Centre, Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alana Iaboni
- Autism Research Centre, Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason Lerch
- Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Evdokia Anagnostou
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Autism Research Centre, Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
van der Plas E, Schachar RJ, Hitzler J, Crosbie J, Guger SL, Spiegler BJ, Ito S, Nieman BJ. Brain structure, working memory and response inhibition in childhood leukemia survivors. Brain Behav 2017; 7:e00621. [PMID: 28239531 PMCID: PMC5318374 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Survival rates for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) approach 95%. At the same time, there is growing concern that chemotherapy causes alterations in brain development and cognitive abilities. We performed MRI measurements of white and gray matter volume to explore how variation in brain structure may be related to cognitive abilities in ALL survivors and healthy controls. METHODS The sample included 24 male ALL survivors who had completed contemporary treatment 3-11 years prior, and 21 age- and sex-matched controls. Participants were between 8 and 18 years old. Working memory and motor response inhibition were measured with the N-Back and Stop Signal Tasks (SST), respectively. Participants underwent 3T structural MRI to assess white and gray matter volumes overall, lobe-wise, and in cortical and atlas-identified subcortical structures. Mental health was assessed with the Child Behavioral Checklist. RESULTS ALL survivors performed more poorly on measures of working memory and response inhibition than controls. Frontal and parietal white matter, temporal and occipital gray matter volume, and volumes of subcortical white and gray matter structures were significantly reduced in ALL survivors compared with controls. Significant structure-function correlations were observed between working memory performance and volume of the amygdala, thalamus, striatum, and corpus callosum. Response inhibition was correlated with frontal white matter volume. No differences were found in psychopathology. CONCLUSIONS Compared with controls, a reduction in volume across brain regions and tissue types, was detectable in ALL survivors years after completion of therapy. These structural alterations were correlated with neurocognitive performance, particularly in working memory. Confirming these observations in a larger, more representative sample of the population is necessary. Additionally, establishing the time course of these changes-and the treatment, genetic, and environmental factors that influence them-may provide opportunities to identify at-risk patients, inform the design of treatment modifications, and minimize adverse cognitive outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen van der Plas
- Physiology and Experimental Medicine The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute Toronto ON Canada; Psychiatry Research The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON Canada
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Psychiatry Research The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON Canada; Department of Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine The University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Johann Hitzler
- Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine The University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada; Department of Haematology/Oncology The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON Canada
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Psychiatry Research The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON Canada
| | - Sharon L Guger
- Department of Psychology The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON Canada
| | - Brenda J Spiegler
- Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine The University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada; Department of Psychology The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON Canada
| | - Shinya Ito
- Physiology and Experimental Medicine The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute Toronto ON Canada; Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON Canada; Pharmacology and Pharmacy Faculty of Medicine The University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Brian J Nieman
- Physiology and Experimental Medicine The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute Toronto ON Canada; Mouse Imaging Centre (MICe) The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON Canada; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research Toronto ON Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics The University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
We report an experiment testing the hypothesis that impulsive behavior reflects a deficit in the ability to inhibit prepotent responses Specifically, we examined whether impulsive people respond more slowly to signals to inhibit (stop signals) than non-impulsive people In this experiment, 136 undergraduate students completed an impulsivity questionnaire and then participated in a stop-signal experiment, in which they performed a choice reaction time (go) task and were asked to inhibit their responses to the go task when they heard a stop signal The delay between the go signal and the stop signal was determined by a tracking procedure designed to allow subjects to inhibit on 50% of the stop-signal trials Reaction time to the go signal did not vary with impulsivity, but estimated stop-signal reaction time was longer in more impulsive subjects, consistent with the hypothesis and consistent with results from populations with pathological problems with impulse control
Collapse
|
40
|
Park LS, Burton CL, Dupuis A, Shan J, Storch EA, Crosbie J, Schachar RJ, Arnold PD. The Toronto Obsessive-Compulsive Scale: Psychometrics of a Dimensional Measure of Obsessive-Compulsive Traits. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2016; 55:310-318.e4. [PMID: 27015722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the Toronto Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (TOCS), a novel 21-item parent- or self-report questionnaire that covers wide variation in obsessive-compulsive (OC) traits, and to evaluate its psychometric properties in a community-based pediatric sample. METHOD The TOCS was completed for 16,718 children and adolescents between the ages of 6 and 17 years in a community setting. Internal consistency, convergent validity with the Obsessive-Compulsive Scale of the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL-OCS), divergent validity with the Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) Symptoms and Normal Behaviour Rating Scale (SWAN), interrater reliability, as well as sensitivity and specificity of the TOCS were assessed. RESULTS The internal consistency of the 21 TOCS items was excellent (Cronbach's α = 0.94). TOCS was moderately correlated with the CBCL-OCS (Spearman correlation = 0.51) and poorly correlated with the SWAN (Pearson correlation = 0.02). Sensitivity and specificity analyses indicated that a TOCS total score of greater than 0 successfully discriminated community-reported obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) cases from noncases. OC traits were continuously distributed both at the total score and dimensional level in our pediatric community sample. CONCLUSION TOCS is a multidimensional measure of OC traits in children and adolescents with sound psychometric properties. TOCS reveals that OC traits are common and continuously distributed in a community sample. TOCS may be a useful measure for studies of the characteristics and etiology of OC traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura S Park
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christie L Burton
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto
| | - Annie Dupuis
- Clinical research services at the Hospital for Sick Children and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health at the University of Toronto
| | - Janet Shan
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eric A Storch
- Health Policy and Management, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, and Psychology at the University of South Florida, Tampa; Rogers Behavioural Health in Tampa, and All Children's Hospital John's Hopkins Medicine in St. Petersburg, FL
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; University of Toronto
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; University of Toronto
| | - Paul D Arnold
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; University of Toronto; Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education at the University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Max JE, Lopez A, Wilde EA, Bigler ED, Schachar RJ, Saunders A, Ewing-Cobbs L, Chapman SB, Yang TT, Levin HS. Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents in the second six months after traumatic brain injury. J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2015; 8:345-55. [PMID: 26684074 DOI: 10.3233/prm-150352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this prospective longitudinal study was to assess the nature, rate, predictive variables, and neuroimaging characteristics of novel (new-onset) anxiety disorders (compared with no novel anxiety disorders) 6-12 months after pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). Psychiatric and psychosocial interviews were administered to children who sustained mild to severe TBI at baseline (soon after injury) and at the 12-month follow-up post-injury (n= 125). The psychiatric outcome of children 12-months post-injury revealed that novel anxiety disorders present in the second six months after TBI were heterogeneous and occurred in 13 (10.4%) participants. Novel anxiety disorder was significantly associated with concurrent novel depressive disorder and with novel personality change due to TBI. Novel anxiety disorder was marginally associated with younger age at injury and with pre-injury anxiety disorder in univariate analyses. Age at injury, pre-injury anxiety disorder, and personality change due to TBI were each significantly and independently related to novel anxiety disorder in a logistic regression analysis. There were no significant neuroimaging group differences. These findings suggest that the emergence of novel anxiety disorder after TBI might be related to a broader problem of affective dysregulation especially in younger children and those with a vulnerability even to pre-injury anxiety disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey E Max
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Russell J Schachar
- The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ann Saunders
- University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Tony T Yang
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Max JE, Friedman K, Wilde EA, Bigler ED, Hanten G, Schachar RJ, Saunders AE, Dennis M, Ewing-Cobbs L, Chapman SB, Yang TT, Levin HS. Psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents 24 months after mild traumatic brain injury. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2015; 27:112-20. [PMID: 25923850 PMCID: PMC5007244 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.13080190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to better understand the occurrence of novel psychiatric disorders (NPDs) in children with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in relation to preinjury variables, injury-related variables, and concurrent neurocognitive outcome. Eighty-seven children aged 5-14 years who had experienced mTBI were studied from consecutive hospital admissions with semistructured psychiatric interviews soon after injury (baseline). Fifty-four children were reassessed 24 months postinjury. Standardized instruments were used to evaluate injury severity, lesion characteristics, preinjury variables (lifetime psychiatric disorder, family psychiatric history, family function, socioeconomic status, psychosocial adversity, adaptive function, and academic function), and finally, postinjury neurocognitive and adaptive function. At 24 months postinjury, NPDs had occurred in 17 of 54 (31%) participants. NPD at 24 months was related to frontal white matter lesions and was associated with estimated preinjury reading, preinjury adaptive function, and concurrent deficits in reading, processing speed, and adaptive function. These findings extend earlier reports that the psychiatric morbidity after mTBI in children is more common than previously thought, and moreover, it is linked to preinjury individual variables and injury characteristics and is associated with postinjury adaptive and neurocognitive functioning.
Collapse
|
43
|
Wilde EA, Bigler ED, Hanten G, Dennis M, Schachar RJ, Saunders AE, Ewing-Cobbs L, Chapman SB, Thompson WK, Yang TT, Levin HS, Levin HS. Personality Change Due to Traumatic Brain Injury in Children and Adolescents: Neurocognitive Correlates. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2015; 27:272-9. [PMID: 26185905 PMCID: PMC4618043 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.15030073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Personality change due to traumatic brain injury (PC) in children is an important psychiatric complication of injury and is a form of severe affective dysregulation. This study aimed to examine neurocognitive correlates of PC. The sample included 177 children 5-14 years old with traumatic brain injury who were enrolled from consecutive admissions to five trauma centers. Patients were followed up prospectively at baseline and at 6 months, and they were assessed with semistructured psychiatric interviews. Injury severity, socioeconomic status, and neurocognitive function (measures of attention, processing speed, verbal memory, IQ, verbal working memory, executive function, naming/reading, expressive language, motor speed, and motor inhibition) were assessed with standardized instruments. Unremitted PC was present in 26 (18%) of 141 participants assessed at 6 months postinjury. Attention, processing speed, verbal memory, IQ, and executive function were significantly associated with PC even after socioeconomic status, injury severity, and preinjury attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were controlled. These findings are a first step in characterizing concomitant cognitive impairments associated with PC. The results have implications beyond brain injury to potentially elucidate the neurocognitive symptom complex associated with mood instability regardless of etiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Harvey S Levin
- From the Dept. of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (JEM, WKT); Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA (JEM); the Depts. of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (EAW, GH, HSL), Neurology (EAW), and Radiology (EAW), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; the Depts. of Neuroscience and Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT (EDB); the Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (EDB); the Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health (MD), and the Brain and Behaviour Program, Dept. of Psychiatry, Research Institute (RJS), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; the Depts. of Psychiatry (AES) and Pediatrics (LE-C), University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; the Center for BrainHealth, University of Texas, Dallas (SBC); and the Dept. of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (TTY)
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Max JE, Schachar RJ, Landis J, Bigler ED, Wilde EA, Saunders AE, Ewing-Cobbs L, Chapman SB, Dennis M, Hanten G, Levin HS. Psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents in the first six months after mild traumatic brain injury. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2014; 25:187-97. [PMID: 24026712 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.12010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to assess the nature, rate, predictive factors, and neurocognitive correlates of novel psychiatric disorders (NPD) after mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). Children age 5-14 years with MTBI (N=87) from consecutive admissions to five trauma centers were enrolled and studied with semistructured psychiatric interviews soon after injury (baseline), and 70 of these children were assessed again 6 months post-injury. Injury severity; lesion characteristics; pre-injury variables, including psychiatric disorder, family psychiatric history, family functioning, socioeconomic status, psychosocial adversity, and adaptive functioning; and post-injury neurocognitive and adaptive functioning measures were assessed with standardized instruments. NPD occurred in 25 of 70 participants (36%) in the first 6 months after injury. NPD at 6 months was predicted by the presence of frontal white-matter lesions on MRI at 3 months post-injury, and was associated with concurrent decrements on neurocognitive indices of processing speed, expressive language, and intellectual functioning. NPD was not predicted by other indices of severity, pre-injury psychosocial variables, estimated pre-injury academic functioning, or adaptive and executive function decrements 6 months post-injury. These findings suggest that short-term psychiatric morbidity associated with MTBI in children and adolescents may be more common than previously thought and may have readily identifiable neuroimaging and neurocognitive correlates.
Collapse
|
45
|
Lionel AC, Tammimies K, Vaags AK, Rosenfeld JA, Ahn JW, Merico D, Noor A, Runke CK, Pillalamarri VK, Carter MT, Gazzellone MJ, Thiruvahindrapuram B, Fagerberg C, Laulund LW, Pellecchia G, Lamoureux S, Deshpande C, Clayton-Smith J, White AC, Leather S, Trounce J, Melanie Bedford H, Hatchwell E, Eis PS, Yuen RKC, Walker S, Uddin M, Geraghty MT, Nikkel SM, Tomiak EM, Fernandez BA, Soreni N, Crosbie J, Arnold PD, Schachar RJ, Roberts W, Paterson AD, So J, Szatmari P, Chrysler C, Woodbury-Smith M, Brian Lowry R, Zwaigenbaum L, Mandyam D, Wei J, Macdonald JR, Howe JL, Nalpathamkalam T, Wang Z, Tolson D, Cobb DS, Wilks TM, Sorensen MJ, Bader PI, An Y, Wu BL, Musumeci SA, Romano C, Postorivo D, Nardone AM, Monica MD, Scarano G, Zoccante L, Novara F, Zuffardi O, Ciccone R, Antona V, Carella M, Zelante L, Cavalli P, Poggiani C, Cavallari U, Argiropoulos B, Chernos J, Brasch-Andersen C, Speevak M, Fichera M, Ogilvie CM, Shen Y, Hodge JC, Talkowski ME, Stavropoulos DJ, Marshall CR, Scherer SW. Disruption of the ASTN2/TRIM32 locus at 9q33.1 is a risk factor in males for autism spectrum disorders, ADHD and other neurodevelopmental phenotypes. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 23:2752-68. [PMID: 24381304 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rare copy number variants (CNVs) disrupting ASTN2 or both ASTN2 and TRIM32 have been reported at 9q33.1 by genome-wide studies in a few individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). The vertebrate-specific astrotactins, ASTN2 and its paralog ASTN1, have key roles in glial-guided neuronal migration during brain development. To determine the prevalence of astrotactin mutations and delineate their associated phenotypic spectrum, we screened ASTN2/TRIM32 and ASTN1 (1q25.2) for exonic CNVs in clinical microarray data from 89 985 individuals across 10 sites, including 64 114 NDD subjects. In this clinical dataset, we identified 46 deletions and 12 duplications affecting ASTN2. Deletions of ASTN1 were much rarer. Deletions near the 3' terminus of ASTN2, which would disrupt all transcript isoforms (a subset of these deletions also included TRIM32), were significantly enriched in the NDD subjects (P = 0.002) compared with 44 085 population-based controls. Frequent phenotypes observed in individuals with such deletions include autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), speech delay, anxiety and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). The 3'-terminal ASTN2 deletions were significantly enriched compared with controls in males with NDDs, but not in females. Upon quantifying ASTN2 human brain RNA, we observed shorter isoforms expressed from an alternative transcription start site of recent evolutionary origin near the 3' end. Spatiotemporal expression profiling in the human brain revealed consistently high ASTN1 expression while ASTN2 expression peaked in the early embryonic neocortex and postnatal cerebellar cortex. Our findings shed new light on the role of the astrotactins in psychopathology and their interplay in human neurodevelopment.
Collapse
|
46
|
Max JE, Pardo D, Hanten G, Schachar RJ, Saunders AE, Ewing-Cobbs L, Chapman SB, Dennis M, Wilde EA, Bigler ED, Thompson WK, Yang TT, Levin HS. Psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents six-to-twelve months after mild traumatic brain injury. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2013; 25:272-82. [PMID: 24247854 PMCID: PMC5009904 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.12040078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to understand how novel psychiatric disorders (NPD) in children with mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) are related to pre-injury variables, injury-related variables, and concurrent neurocognitive outcome. A group of 79 children, ages 5 to 14 years, who had experienced MTBI, were studied from consecutive hospital admissions with semistructured psychiatric interviews soon after injury (baseline); 60 children were reassessed 12 months post-injury. Standardized instruments were used to assess injury severity; lesion characteristics; pre-injury variables, including psychiatric disorder, family psychiatric history, family functioning, socioeconomic status, psychosocial adversity, adaptive functioning, and post-injury neurocognitive and adaptive functioning. NPD occurred in 17 of 60 participants (28%) in the 6-12-month interval after injury, with disorders that were significantly associated with socioeconomic status, psychosocial adversity, estimated pre-injury academic functioning, and concurrent deficits in adaptive functioning, academic performance, processing speed, memory, and expressive language. NPD was not significantly associated with pre-injury adaptive functioning, injury severity, family psychiatric history, pre-injury psychiatric disorder, lesion location, gender, or age at injury. These findings suggest that the short-term psychiatric morbidity associated with MTBI in children occurs more commonly than previously reported and is related to both pre-injury social factors and concurrent neurocognitive functioning.
Collapse
|
47
|
Max JE, Keatley E, Wilde EA, Bigler ED, Schachar RJ, Saunders AE, Ewing-Cobbs L, Chapman SB, Dennis M, Yang TT, Levin HS. Depression in children and adolescents in the first 6 months after traumatic brain injury. Int J Dev Neurosci 2011; 30:239-45. [PMID: 22197971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2011.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2011] [Revised: 12/08/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to assess the nature, rate, predictive factors, and neuroimaging correlates of novel (new-onset) depressive disorders, both definite and subclinical, after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Children with TBI from consecutive admissions were enrolled and studied with psychiatric interviews soon after injury (baseline), and again 6 months post-injury. Novel definite/subclinical depressive disorders at 6-month follow up occurred in 11% (n=15) of the children and subsets of children with non-anxious depression (n=9) and anxious depression (n=6) were identified. Novel definite/subclinical depressive disorder was significantly associated with older age at the time of injury, family history of anxiety disorder, left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) lesions, and right frontal white matter lesions. Non-anxious depressions were associated with older age at injury, left IFG and left temporal pole lesions. Anxious depressions were associated with family history of anxiety disorder, Personality Change due to TBI, right frontal white matter lesions, and left parietal lesions. These findings, which are similar to those reported after adult TBI, identify both similarities and differences in non-anxious and anxious depression following childhood TBI with respect to lesion laterality, genetic factors (in the form of family psychiatric history of anxiety disorder), age at injury, and more generalized affective dysregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey E Max
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA 92123, United States.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Max JE, Keatley E, Wilde EA, Bigler ED, Levin HS, Schachar RJ, Saunders A, Ewing-Cobbs L, Chapman SB, Dennis M, Yang TT. Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents in the first six months after traumatic brain injury. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2011; 23:29-39. [PMID: 21304136 DOI: 10.1176/jnp.23.1.jnp29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The study's objective was to assess the nature, rate, predictive factors, and neuroimaging correlates of novel (new-onset) definite anxiety disorders and novel definite/subclinical anxiety disorders (in a broader group of children with at least subclinical anxiety disorders) after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Children with TBI from consecutive admissions to five trauma centers were enrolled and studied with psychiatric interviews soon after injury (baseline) and again 6 months post-injury. Novel definite anxiety disorder and novel definite/subclinical anxiety disorders were heterogeneous and occurred in 8.5% (N=12) and 17% (N=24) of participants, respectively, in the first 6 months after injury. Novel definite anxiety disorder was significantly associated with younger age at injury and tended to be associated with novel depressive disorder, as well as lesions of the superior frontal gyrus. Novel definite/subclinical anxiety disorder was significantly associated with concurrent psychiatric problems of personality change due to TBI and novel definite/subclinical depressive disorder, as well as with lesions of the superior frontal gyrus and a trend-association with frontal lobe white-matter lesions. These findings suggest that anxiety after childhood TBI may be part of a broader problem of affective dysregulation related to damaged dorsal frontal lobe and frontal white-matter systems, with younger children being at greatest risk for developing novel anxiety disorder after TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey E Max
- Department of Psychiatry at University of California, San Diego, Children's Hospital and Health Center, San Diego, CA 92123, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Park JH, Lee SI, Schachar RJ. Reliability and validity of the child and adolescent functioning impairment scale in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Psychiatry Investig 2011; 8:113-22. [PMID: 21852987 PMCID: PMC3149105 DOI: 10.4306/pi.2011.8.2.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Revised: 11/17/2010] [Accepted: 12/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to develop reliable and valid parent and teacher scales for measurement of functional impairment in children and adolescents in order to assist the diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS Seventy-two children with ADHD fulfilling the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, 4th Edition criteria and forty-two normal controls were enrolled in this study. Parents and teachers of the subjects completed the parent and teacher form of the preliminary items of Child and Adolescent Functioning Impairment Scale (CAFIS) made up by the authors. Based on the reliability and factor analysis, the final parent (CAFIS-parent form) and teacher version (CAFIS-teacher form) were constructed. Scales were analyzed for reliability and validity. Relative operating characteristics curve was drawn to calculate the cutoff scores of these scales for children with ADHD. RESULTS The CAFIS-parent and CAFIS-teacher forms consist of four and three factors, respectively. Internal consistency and test-retest correlation of the scales were satisfactory. The CAFIS and Children's Global Assessment Scale were significantly correlated. All scores of subscales of CAFIS in ADHD group were significantly higher than those of control group. The sensitivity and specificity of the subscales were mostly at an appropriate level. CONCLUSION The CAFIS is a brief layperson-administered scale to assess functional impairment of children and adolescents. It can be a useful tool for parents and teachers to objectively measure the functions of children at home and in school. This scale was found to be reliable and valid, and it appears to be a valuable instrument in Korean language.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Ho Park
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Soyoung Irene Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Department of Psychiatry and Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Noor A, Whibley A, Marshall CR, Gianakopoulos PJ, Piton A, Carson AR, Orlic-Milacic M, Lionel AC, Sato D, Pinto D, Drmic I, Noakes C, Senman L, Zhang X, Mo R, Gauthier J, Crosbie J, Pagnamenta AT, Munson J, Estes AM, Fiebig A, Franke A, Schreiber S, Stewart AFR, Roberts R, McPherson R, Guter SJ, Cook EH, Dawson G, Schellenberg GD, Battaglia A, Maestrini E, Jeng L, Hutchison T, Rajcan-Separovic E, Chudley AE, Lewis SME, Liu X, Holden JJ, Fernandez B, Zwaigenbaum L, Bryson SE, Roberts W, Szatmari P, Gallagher L, Stratton MR, Gecz J, Brady AF, Schwartz CE, Schachar RJ, Monaco AP, Rouleau GA, Hui CC, Lucy Raymond F, Scherer SW, Vincent JB. Disruption at the PTCHD1 Locus on Xp22.11 in Autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability. Sci Transl Med 2010; 2:49ra68. [PMID: 20844286 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3001267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Autism is a common neurodevelopmental disorder with a complex mode of inheritance. It is one of the most highly heritable of the complex disorders, although the underlying genetic factors remain largely unknown. Here, we report mutations in the X-chromosome PTCHD1 (patched-related) gene in seven families with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and in three families with intellectual disability. A 167-kilobase microdeletion spanning exon 1 was found in two brothers, one with ASD and the other with a learning disability and ASD features; a 90-kilobase microdeletion spanning the entire gene was found in three males with intellectual disability in a second family. In 900 probands with ASD and 208 male probands with intellectual disability, we identified seven different missense changes (in eight male probands) that were inherited from unaffected mothers and not found in controls. Two of the ASD individuals with missense changes also carried a de novo deletion at another ASD susceptibility locus (DPYD and DPP6), suggesting complex genetic contributions. In additional males with ASD, we identified deletions in the 5' flanking region of PTCHD1 that disrupted a complex noncoding RNA and potential regulatory elements; equivalent changes were not found in male control individuals. Thus, our systematic screen of PTCHD1 and its 5' flanking regions suggests that this locus is involved in ~1% of individuals with ASD and intellectual disability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Noor
- Neurogenetics Section, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|