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Vázquez R, Parras-Berrocal IM, Koseki S, Cabos W, Sein DV, Izquierdo A. Seasonality of coastal upwelling trends in the Mauritania-Senegalese region under RCP8.5 climate change scenario. Sci Total Environ 2023; 898:166391. [PMID: 37597551 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
The Mauritania-Senegalese upwelling region (MSUR), the southernmost region of the Canary current upwelling system, is well-known for its coastal productivity and the key role it plays in enriching the oligotrophic open ocean through the offshore transport of the upwelled coastal waters. The great ecological and socio-economic importance makes it necessary to evaluate the impact of climate change on this region. Hence, our main objective is to examine the climate change signal over the MSUR with a high resolution regional climate system model (RCSM) forced by the Earth system model MPI-ESM-LR under RCP8.5 scenario. This RCSM has a regional atmosphere model (REMO) coupled to a global ocean model (MPIOM) with high-resolution in the MSUR, which allows us to evaluate the wind pattern, the ocean stratification, as well as the upwelling source water depth, while maintaining an ocean global domain. Under RCP8.5 scenario, our results show that the upwelling favourable winds of the northern MSUR are year-round intensified, while the southern MSUR presents a strengthening in winter and a weakening in March-April. Along with changes in the wind pattern, we found increased ocean stratification in the spring months. In those months southern MSUR presents a shallowing of the upwelling source water depth associated to changes in both mechanisms. However, in winter the whole MSUR shows a deepening of the upwelling source water depth due to the intensification of the upwelling favourable winds, with the increased ocean stratification playing a secondary role. Our results demonstrate the need to evaluate the future evolution of coastal upwelling systems taking into account their latitudinal and seasonal variability and the joint contribution of both mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Vázquez
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR), Universidad de Cádiz, Spain; Departamento de Física y Matemáticas, Universidad de Alcalá, Spain.
| | - I M Parras-Berrocal
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR), Universidad de Cádiz, Spain
| | - S Koseki
- Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Norway
| | - W Cabos
- Departamento de Física y Matemáticas, Universidad de Alcalá, Spain
| | - D V Sein
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Germany; Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Izquierdo
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR), Universidad de Cádiz, Spain
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2
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Saito H, Yamashita M, Endo Y, Mizukami A, Yoshioka K, Hashimoto T, Koseki S, Shimode Y, Kitai T, Maekawa E, Kamiya K, Matsue Y. P4516Incremental prognostic values of cognitive impairment diagnosed by mini-mental state examination and mini-cog in older hospitalized patients with heart failure. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Cognitive impairment (CI) is associated with worse prognosis in patients with heart failure, especially in the elderly; however, its incremental prognostic ability in pre-existing prognostic models has not been well elucidated. Moreover, although some tools have been proposed for evaluating cognitive function, their difference in prognostic prediction has not been explicitly compared.
Methods
A total of 352 heart failure patients aged ≥75 years admitted to three hospitals were evaluated for their cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Mini-cog during index hospitalization. We diagnosed CI if MMSE and Mini-cog were ≤23 and ≤2, respectively. The primary endpoint was all-cause death.
Results
The median age of the entire cohort was 85 (IQR: 80–88) years, and 47.7% of the subjects were male. Based on the MMSE and Mini-cog, the CI was diagnosed in 167 (47.4%) and 159 (45.2%) patients, respectively. The two diagnostic tools showed poor to moderate agreement (Cohen's kappa coefficient: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.27–0.47). During the follow-up period of median 346 (IQR: 195–489) days, 53 patients (15.1%) died. Although the Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that CI diagnosed using Mini-cog (CI-MC) was associated with significantly higher mortality (P=0.001), this association was not significant for CI diagnosed using MMSE (CI-MMSE) (P=0.059). On multivariate Cox regression analysis, CI-MMSE and CI-MC were individually associated with worse prognosis in older heart failure patients even after adjustment for Meta-Analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure (MAGGIC) risk model and log B-type natriuretic peptide levels (CI-MMSE, HR: 2.05 [95% CI: 1.16–3.61]; and CI-MC, HR: 2.57 [95% CI: 1.46–4.53]). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for Mini-cog showed significantly higher area under the curve (AUC) than that for MMSE (0.61 vs. 0.52, p=0.045). To test the incremental prognostic capability, models were constructed by individually adding each score to the MAGGIC risk model, and the net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were evaluated. CI-MMSE did not show incremental prognostic predictability (NRI: 0.28, p=0.069; IDI: 0.01, p=0.090), whereas CI-MC (NRI: 0.45, p=0.001; IDI: 0.03, p=0.001) did. Adding CI-MC instead of CI-MMSE to the MAGGIC risk model showed significant reclassification improvement (NRI: 0.45, p=0.002, IDI: 0.02, p=0.041).
Conclusion
In older patients with heart failure, CI defined by Mini-Cog is superior in providing additive prognostic value than that defined by CI based on MMSE.
Acknowledgement/Funding
This study is partially funded by Japan Heart Foundation Research Grant and Novartis Research Grants.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Saito
- Kameda Medical Center, Department of Rehabilitaion, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - M Yamashita
- Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Y Endo
- Kameda Medical Center, Department of Rehabilitaion, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - A Mizukami
- Kameda Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - K Yoshioka
- Kameda Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - T Hashimoto
- Kameda Medical Center, Department of Pharmacy, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - S Koseki
- Kitasato University Hospital, Department of Rehabilitation, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Y Shimode
- Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Department of Rehabilitation, Kobe, Japan
| | - T Kitai
- Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - E Maekawa
- Kitasato University School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - K Kamiya
- Kitasato University, Department of Rehabilitation, School of Allied Health Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Y Matsue
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Respiratory Sleep Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Cambaza E, Koseki S, Kawamura S. Meta-analytic review on the impact of temperature and water activity in deoxynivalenol synthesis by Fusarium graminearum. Food Res 2018. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.2(5).200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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4
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Watanabe H, Tanaka N, Inuta T, Kanamori T, Nagasawa T, Koseki S, Yanagi H. Recovery of walking ability using a hybrid assistive limb in persons with subacute stroke: a randomized controlled pilot study. Physiotherapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.1620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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5
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Goto R, Tanaka N, Kanamori T, Nagasawa T, Koseki S, Yanagi H. Factors associated with independence in activities of daily living in elderly people with disuse syndrome. Physiotherapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.3261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Kawata S, Kurosaki T, Koseki S, Hisatomi Y, Barada D, Ma Y, Ogoyski A. Spiral wobbling beam illumination uniformity in HIF fuel target implosion. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135909002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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7
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Koseki S, Kawata S, Hisatomi Y, Kurosaki T, Barada D, Ogoyski A. Direct drive fuel target optimization in HIF. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135909001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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8
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Koseki S, Tamplin ML, Bowman JP, Ross T, McMeekin TA. Evaluation of thermal inactivation of Escherichia coli using microelectrode ion flux measurements with osmotic stress. Lett Appl Microbiol 2012; 54:203-8. [PMID: 22150509 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2011.03194.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To elucidate the potential use of microelectrode ion flux measurements to evaluate bacterial responses to heat treatment. METHODS AND RESULTS Escherichia coli K12 was used as a test bacterium to determine whether various heat treatments (55-70°C for 15 min) affected net ion flux across E. coli cell membranes using the MIFE™ system to measure net K(+) fluxes. No difference in K(+) fluxes was observed before and after heat treatments regardless of the magnitude of the treatment. Applying hyperosmotic stress (3% NaCl w/v) during flux measurement led to a net K(+) loss from the heat-treated E.coli cells below 65°C as well as from nonheated cells. In contrast, with E. coli cells treated at and above 65°C, hyperosmotic stress disrupted the pattern of K(+) flux observed at lower temperatures and resulted in large flux noise with random scatter. This phenomenon was particularly apparent above 70°C. Although E. coli cells lost the potential to recover and grow at and above 62°C, K(+) flux disruption was not clearly observed until 68°C was reached. CONCLUSIONS No changes in net K(+) flux from heat-stressed E. coli cells were observed directly as a result of thermal treatments. However, regardless of the magnitude of heat treatment above 55°C, loss of viability indicated by enrichment culture correlated with disrupted K(+) fluxes when previously heated cells were further challenged by imposing hyperosmotic stress during flux measurement. This two-stage process enabled evaluation of the lethality of heat-treated bacterial cells within 2 h and may be an alternative and more rapid method to confirm the lethality of heat treatment. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The ability to confirm the lethality of thermal treatments and to specify minimal time/temperature combinations by a nonculture-dependent test offers an alternative system to culture-based methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koseki
- Tasmanian Institute of Agricultural Research, School of Agricultural Science, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia.
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- D. G. Fedorov
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, 305-6568 Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M. W. Schmidt
- Ames Laboratory, US-DOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - S. Koseki
- Department of Material Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, 599-8531 Osaka, Japan
| | - M. S. Gordon
- Ames Laboratory, US-DOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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10
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Komoto S, Miura S, Koseki S, Goto M, Hachimura S, Fujimori H, Hokari R, Hara Y, Ogino T, Watanabe C, Nagata H, Kaminogawa S, Hibi T, Ishii H. Effect of specific antigen stimulation on intraepithelial lymphocyte migration to small intestinal mucosa. Clin Exp Immunol 2005; 140:249-57. [PMID: 15807848 PMCID: PMC1809352 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02761.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Migration of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) into intestinal epithelium is not yet well understood. We established an IEL-cell line from ovalbumin (OVA) 23-3 transgenic (Tg) mice and investigated the effect of antigen stimulation on the dynamic process of IEL migration into small intestinal mucosa. The cell line was a T cell receptor (TCR) alphabeta(+) CD4(+) CD8(-) phenotype, expressing alphaEbeta7 integrin in 90% of cells. Under intravital microscopy, the lined IELs adhered selectively to the microvessels of the intestinal villus tip of the Tg mice. The accumulation of IELs was significantly inhibited by an antibody against beta7-integrin and MAdCAM-1. When IELs were stimulated with OVA, the accumulation was attenuated compared to that of resting cells, with decreased expression of alphaEbeta7 integrin. In Tg mice fed with OVA, the number of IELs which migrated in the villus mucosa was significantly smaller than in the non-fed controls. The preferential migratory capacity of IELs to villus mucosa may be altered by specific antigen stimulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Komoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Koseki S, Kataoka M, Hanamura M, Nakajima T, Toyota A. Theoretical studies on octalene: the planar and nonplanar structures and the isomerization reactions among the nonplanar structures. J Org Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jo00190a026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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13
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Koseki S, Itoh K. Prediction of microbial growth in fresh-cut vegetables treated with acidic electrolyzed water during storage under various temperature conditions. J Food Prot 2001; 64:1935-42. [PMID: 11770620 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-64.12.1935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Effects of storage temperature (1, 5, and 10 degrees C) on growth of microbial populations (total aerobic bacteria, coliform bacteria, Bacillus cereus, and psychrotrophic bacteria) on acidic electrolyzed water (AcEW)-treated fresh-cut lettuce and cabbage were determined. A modified Gompertz function was used to describe the kinetics of microbial growth. Growth data were analyzed using regression analysis to generate "best-fit" modified Gompertz equations, which were subsequently used to calculate lag time, exponential growth rate, and generation time. The data indicated that the growth kinetics of each bacterium were dependent on storage temperature, except at 1 degrees C storage. At 1 degrees C storage, no increases were observed in bacterial populations. Treatment of vegetables with AcEW produced a decrease in initial microbial populations. However, subsequent growth rates were higher than on nontreated vegetables. The recovery time required by the reduced microbial population to reach the initial (treated with tap water [TW]) population was also determined in this study, with the recovery time of the microbial population at 10 degrees C being <3 days. The benefits of reducing the initial microbial populations on fresh-cut vegetables were greatly affected by storage temperature. Results from this study could be used to predict microbial quality of fresh-cut lettuce and cabbage throughout their distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koseki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
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14
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Hokari R, Miura S, Nagata H, Fujimori H, Koseki S, Kato S, Kurose I, Sekizuka E, Granger DN, Ishii H. Intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 regulates lymphocyte movement into intestinal microlymphatics of rat Peyer's patches. J Leukoc Biol 2001; 70:896-902. [PMID: 11739552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine whether specific adhesion molecules modulate lymphocyte movement from Peyer's patches into intestinal microlymphatics. The fluorochrome acridine orange was injected via a micropipette into Peyer's patches to fill lymphatics. The flux of labeled lymphocytes into intestinal microlymphatics was monitored with intravital fluorescence microscopy. The lymphatic microvessels in the perifollicular area of Peyer's patches were filled with lymphocytes, most of which remained within the lymphatics. Some lymphocytes became detached and were drained into intestinal lymph. Administration of antibodies directed against ICAM-1 significantly increased lymphocyte flux into interfollicular lymphatics. The immunohistochemical study showed intense ICAM-1 expression on the lymphocytes densely packed in the lymphatics surrounding follicles in Peyer's patches. A large number of lymphocytes are normally sequestered in the lymphatic network of Peyer's patches. This sequestration of lymphocytes is largely mediated by ICAM-1-dependent cell-cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hokari
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
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15
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Koseki S, Miura S, Fujimori H, Hokari R, Komoto S, Hara Y, Ogino T, Nagata H, Goto M, Hachimura S, Kaminogawa S, Ishii H. In situ demonstration of intraepithelial lymphocyte adhesion to villus microvessels of the small intestine. Int Immunol 2001; 13:1165-74. [PMID: 11526097 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/13.9.1165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The recirculation of lymphocytes through the intestinal mucosa is important for specific immune defense, but the origin and differentiation of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) are not fully understood. The present study therefore used intravital microscopy to investigate the migration of IEL to the villus mucosa and Peyer's patches of the small intestine. IEL were separated from inverted murine small intestine and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) T cells were also isolated. The adhesion of fluorescence-labeled lymphocytes to postcapillary venules (PCV) of Peyer's patches and arcade microvessels of small intestinal villi was observed after injection. In some experiments, the effect of antibodies against adhesion molecules on cell kinetics were investigated. IEL time-dependently accumulated in villus microvessels of the small intestine, whereas few MLN cells did. Few IEL adhered to the PCV of Peyer's patches. IEL were shown to express alpha(E)beta(7)-integrin but not L-selectin. The accumulation of IEL in villus archade was significantly inhibited by antibody against beta(7)-integrin or mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecules (MAdCAM)-1, but not by alpha(E)-integrin. The combined blocking of beta(7)-integrin and MAdCAM-1 further attenuated the sticking of IEL in this area, although it did not entirely block the IEL adherence. The adherence of CD4(+) or TCRalphabeta IEL to villus microvessels was significantly greater than that of CD4(-) or TCRgammadelta IEL. It was demonstrated in situ for the first time that IEL adhered selectively to the villus microvessels of the small intestine partly via beta(7) and MAdCAM-1.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD
- CD4 Antigens
- Cell Adhesion
- Cell Adhesion Molecules
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Movement
- Female
- Immunoglobulins
- Integrin alpha Chains
- Integrin beta Chains
- Integrins
- Intestinal Mucosa/cytology
- Intestinal Mucosa/immunology
- Intestine, Small/blood supply
- Intestine, Small/cytology
- Intestine, Small/immunology
- Lymph Nodes/cytology
- Lymph Nodes/immunology
- Lymphocyte Subsets/cytology
- Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- Lymphocytes/cytology
- Lymphocytes/immunology
- Male
- Mesentery/cytology
- Mesentery/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Microcirculation/cytology
- Microcirculation/immunology
- Mucoproteins
- Peyer's Patches/blood supply
- Peyer's Patches/cytology
- Peyer's Patches/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta
- Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koseki
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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16
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Kuwabara T, Warashina M, Koseki S, Sano M, Ohkawa J, Nakayama K, Taira K. Significantly higher activity of a cytoplasmic hammerhead ribozyme than a corresponding nuclear counterpart: engineered tRNAs with an extended 3' end can be exported efficiently and specifically to the cytoplasm in mammalian cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2001; 29:2780-8. [PMID: 11433023 PMCID: PMC55762 DOI: 10.1093/nar/29.13.2780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hammerhead ribozymes were expressed under the control of similar tRNA promoters, localizing transcripts either in the cytoplasm or the nucleus. The tRNA(Val)-driven ribozyme (tRNA-Rz; tRNA with extra sequences at the 3' end) that has been used in our ribozyme studies was exported efficiently into the cytoplasm and ribozyme activity was detected only in the cytoplasmic fraction. Both ends of the transported tRNA-Rz were characterized comprehensively and the results confirmed that tRNA-Rz had unprocessed 5' and 3' ends. Furthermore, it was also demonstrated that the activity of the exported ribozyme was significantly higher than that of the ribozyme which remained in the nucleus. We suggest that it is possible to engineer tRNA-Rz, which can be exported to the cytoplasm based on an understanding of secondary structures, and then tRNA-driven ribozymes may be co-localized with their target mRNAs in the cytoplasm of mammalian cells.
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MESH Headings
- Base Sequence
- Biological Transport
- Cell Nucleus/enzymology
- Cell Nucleus/genetics
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Cytoplasm/enzymology
- Cytoplasm/genetics
- Cytoplasm/metabolism
- Genetic Engineering
- HeLa Cells
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Nucleic Acid Conformation
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- RNA Polymerase III/metabolism
- RNA, Catalytic/chemistry
- RNA, Catalytic/genetics
- RNA, Catalytic/isolation & purification
- RNA, Catalytic/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/isolation & purification
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Small Nuclear/genetics
- RNA, Small Nuclear/metabolism
- RNA, Transfer, Met/genetics
- RNA, Transfer, Val/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kuwabara
- Gene Discovery Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-4 Higashi, Tsukuba Science City 305-8562, Japan
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17
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Koseki S, Souri M, Koga S, Yamakawa M, Shichishima T, Maruyama Y, Yanai F, Ichinose A, Shitishima T. Truncated mutant B subunit for factor XIII causes its deficiency due to impaired intracellular transportation. Blood 2001; 97:2667-72. [PMID: 11313256 DOI: 10.1182/blood.v97.9.2667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Two Japanese patients were newly diagnosed as having B subunit (XIIIB) deficiency of factor XIII (former type I deficiency). Both patients have a previously described one-base deletion at the boundary between intron A/exon II in the XIIIB gene, heterozygously or homozygously. A founder effect was proposed for this mutation because 3 unrelated patients with XIIIB deficiency also share 2 3'-polymorphisms. In one patient heterozygous for the above mutation, a novel mutation was also identified: a deletion of guanosine in exon IX (delG) of the XIIIB gene. To understand the molecular and cellular pathology of the delG mutation, expression studies were performed using a cultured mammalian cell line. Pulse-chase experiments showed that a resultant truncated XIIIB remained inside the cells and could not be secreted into the culture medium. Furthermore, immunocytochemical examinations by epifluorescence, confocal, and electron microscopes indicated impaired intracellular transportation of the truncated XIIIB from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. No mutations in the gene for the A subunit (XIIIA) were identified in this patient. Therefore, secretion of the truncated XIIIB must also be impaired in vivo, leading to a secondary XIIIA deficiency. These results support a previous conclusion that genetic defects of XIIIB are the basis for the former type I factor XIII deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koseki
- Department of Molecular Patho-Biochemistry and Patho-Biology, Department of Pathology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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18
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Abstract
The disinfectant effect of acidic electrolyzed water (AcEW), ozonated water, and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution on lettuce was examined. AcEW (pH 2.6; oxidation reduction potential, 1140 mV; 30 ppm of available chlorine) and NaOCl solution (150 ppm of available chlorine) reduced viable aerobes in lettuce by 2 log CFU/g within 10 min. For lettuce washed in alkaline electrolyzed water (AIEW) for 1 min and then disinfected in AcEW for 1 min, viable aerobes were reduced by 2 log CFU/g. On the other hand, ozonated water containing 5 ppm of ozone reduced viable aerobes in lettuce 1.5 log CFU/g within 10 min. It was discovered that AcEW showed a higher disinfectant effect than did ozonated water significantly at P < 0.05. It was confirmed by swabbing test that AcEW, ozonated water, and NaOCI solution removed aerobic bacteria, coliform bacteria, molds, and yeasts on the surface of lettuce. Therefore, residual microorganisms after the decontamination of lettuce were either in the inside of the cellular tissue, such as the stomata, or making biofilm on the surface of lettuce. Biofilms were observed by a scanning electron microscope on the surface of the lettuce treated with AcEW. Moreover, it was shown that the spores of bacteria on the surface were not removed by any treatment in this study. However, it was also observed that the surface structure of lettuce was not damaged by any treatment in this study. Thus, the use of AcEW for decontamination of fresh lettuce was suggested to be an effective means of controlling microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koseki
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
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19
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Fujimori H, Miura S, Koseki S, Hokari R, Tsuzuki Y, Komoto S, Hara Y, Suzuki H, Serizawa H, Ishii H. Intravital demonstration of modulation of T lymphocyte migration by CINC/gro in rat Peyer's patches. Digestion 2001; 63 Suppl 1:97-102. [PMID: 11173918 DOI: 10.1159/000051919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC/gro), a member of interleukin-8 family, was found as a potent chemotactic factor for rat neutrophils. Although several chemokines have been shown to be potent regulators of T cell chemotaxis in vitro, the potential role of chemokines in T-cell migration in gut-associated lymphoid tissues has not been investigated in vivo. In the present study, the effects of CINC/gro on T-lymphocyte migration were examined in rat Peyer's patches. METHODS T lymphocytes collected from intestinal lymph of rats were fluorescence-labeled and injected into the jugular vein. Peyer's patches of the recipient rats were observed with intravital fluorescence microscopy and the effects of CINC/gro infusion was investigated. Lymphocyte flux in mesenteric collecting lymphatics was also observed. RESULTS In vivo infusion of CINC/gro significantly attenuated the initial lymphocyte interaction with postcapillary venules of Peyer's patches. However, once these lymphocytes adhered to venules, CINC/gro treatment significantly accelerated the transendothelial migration of T lymphocytes and they also significantly increased their subsequent flux in collecting lymphatics. CONCLUSION There is a possibility that CINC/gro could modulate the characteristics of T lymphocyte homing in the inflammatory sites of gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Fujimori
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
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20
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Abstract
We report a rare case of squamous cell carcinoma developing from fistules of chronic perianal pyoderma in a 49-year-old Japanese man. He first noticed an abscess and nodule on his buttocks and perianal area 21 year previously (at the age of 28); the fistules formed later. These fistules were surgically removed, and an artificial anus was constructed 14 years ago (at the age of 35) in our hospital, when a histopathological examination revealed no malignant changes. However, he was recently admitted to our hospital with arterial bleeding from the ulcer of the buttock. On admission, the histological diagnosis of the ulcer was well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Wide local excision of the ulcer and scar tissue, including the sacrum, was performed. The defect was covered with a left latissimus dorsi flap and skin graft. He received radiation therapy after the operation. However, he died of cachexia and pneumonia. This case indicated that the CPP would better have been treated with wide excision before the development of SCC. Therefore, we recommend careful follow-up of patients affected by CPP and repeated biopsies of the lesion, particularly when the condition is severe, longstanding, and extensive. We discussed the term "CPP" and reviewed 22 cases of SCC arising in CPP reported in the Japanese literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ishizawa
- Department of Dermatology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
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21
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Abstract
The AMeX (acetone-methylbenzoate-xylene) method results in good preservation of tissue and morphological details, almost equivalent to that of routinely processed formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue specimens, and of antigenicity equivalent to that of fresh frozen tissue specimens. It has been reported that the expression of the cell-cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin is often decreased in some types of carcinomas. A decrease in E-cadherin expression is associated with the invasive or metastatic potential of tumor cells. We immunohistochemically examined the expression of E-cadherin with anti-E-cadherin monoclonal antibody in various skin tumors (25 basal cell carcinomas, 11 squamous cell carcinomas, 9 keratoacanthomas, and 11 Bowen's disease) using the AMeX method and found that this method preserved antigenicity well without pretreatment. E-cadherin expression was decreased in 18.2% of squamous cell carcinomas and 33.3% of keratoacanthomas. On the other hand, it was preserved in almost all Bowen's disease and basal cell carcinomas. From the results of our study, we suggest that Bowen's disease and basal cell carcinoma do not have much metastatic potential due to retention of high levels of E-cadherin expression. We hope to apply the AMeX method to other immunohistochemical examinations because this is a very useful staining method.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koseki
- Department of Dermatology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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22
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Hokari R, Miura S, Fujimori H, Koseki S, Tsuzuki Y, Kimura H, Higuchi H, Serizawa H, Granger DN, Ishii H. Altered migration of gut-derived T lymphocytes after activation with concanavalin A. Am J Physiol 1999; 277:G763-72. [PMID: 10516142 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.1999.277.4.g763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Although activation of lymphocytes is known to be associated with profound changes in homing behavior, it remains unclear how activation alters migration of gut-derived lymphocytes in lymphoid and nonlymphoid organs. The objectives of this study were 1) to compare migration of naive and concanavalin A (ConA)-activated T lymphocytes into the gut mucosa, spleen, and liver and 2) to define the role of specific adhesion molecules in this homing process. Fluorescently labeled T lymphocytes collected from rat intestinal lymph were injected into the jugular vein, and the kinetics of appearance of the infused lymphocytes were monitored in ileal Peyer's patches, spleen, and liver. The migration of naive and ConA-activated T lymphocytes into microvessels were compared using an intravital microscope. ConA stimulation significantly increased the rolling velocity of T lymphocytes in postcapillary venules of Peyer's patches, and ConA-stimulated lymphocytes exhibited a loss of the selective adherence properties in Peyer's patches that is normally observed with naive T cells. ConA activation also suppressed the accumulation of T cells in the spleen. On the other hand, the adherence of T cells to hepatic sinusoidal endothelium was significantly increased after ConA activation, especially in the periportal area, and this increase was attenuated by an anti-intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 antibody. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a decline in L-selectin expression and an increase in CD11a expression and ICAM-1 on the surface of ConA-treated T cells. In conclusion, activation of gut-derived T lymphocytes with ConA significantly alters their migration path, with a diminished localization to Peyer's patches and spleen and a preferential accumulation in hepatic sinusoids. This altered migration pattern likely results from changes in the expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules such as L-selectin and CD11a.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hokari
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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23
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Koseki S, Aoki T, Ansai S, Hozumi Y, Mitsuhashi Y, Kondo S. An immunohistochemical study of E-cadherin expression in human squamous cell carcinoma of the skin: relationship between decreased expression of E-cadherin in the primary lesion and regional lymph node metastasis. J Dermatol 1999; 26:416-22. [PMID: 10458080 DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.1999.tb02019.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
E-cadherin is a Ca(2+)-dependent, intercellular adhesion molecule that is specifically expressed in epithelial tissues and is essential for maintaining intercellular connections. It has been reported that E-cadherin expression of tumor cells is often decreased in some types of metastasizing carcinomas as compared with those without metastasis. We immunohistochemically examined the expression of E-cadherin with anti-E-cadherin monoclonal antibody and compared primary lesions of human squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (SCC) with regional lymph node metastasis to those without regional lymph node metastasis. Tumor samples from fifty-five cases of SCC (32 cases of SCC without metastasis and 23 cases with metastasis) were formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, and examined. E-cadherin was reduced or absent in 39 (70.9%) out of 55 cases of SCC, and in 21 (91.3%) of 23 cases with regional lymph node metastasis. Our results suggest that the decreased expression of E-cadherin in the primary lesion is correlated with regional lymph node metastasis in SCC and that it is more frequently correlated with well-differentiated than with poorly differentiated SCC. E-cadherin may be useful as a marker for metastatic potential in well-differentiated SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koseki
- Department of Dermatology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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24
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Koseki S, Tanabe T, Tani K, Asano S, Shioda T, Nagai Y, Shimada T, Ohkawa J, Taira K. Factors governing the activity in vivo of ribozymes transcribed by RNA polymerase III. J Virol 1999; 73:1868-77. [PMID: 9971765 PMCID: PMC104427 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.73.3.1868-1877.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to determine the parameters that govern the activity of a ribozyme in vivo, we made a systematic analysis of chimeric tRNAVal ribozymes by measuring their cleavage activities in vitro as well as the steady-state levels of transcripts, the half-lives of transcribed tRNAVal ribozymes, and their activities in both HeLa and H9 cells. These analyses were conducted by the use of transient expression systems in HeLa cells and stable transformants that express ribozymes. Localization of transcripts appeared to be determined by the higher-order structure of each transcribed tRNAVal ribozyme. Since colocalization of the ribozyme with its target RNA is important for strong activity of the ribozyme in vivo, the best system for tRNA-based expression seems to be one in which the structure of the transcript is different from that of the natural tRNA precursor so that processing of the tRNAVal ribozyme can be avoided. At the same time, the structure of the transcript must be similar enough to allow recognition, probably by an export receptor, so that the transcript can be exported to the cytoplasm to ensure colocalization with its target. In the case of several tRNAVal ribozymes that we constructed, inspection of computer-predicted secondary structures enabled us to control the export of transcripts. We found that only a ribozyme that was transcribed at a high level and that had a sufficiently long half-life, within cells, had significant activity when used to withstand a challenge by human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koseki
- National Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, AIST, MITI, Tsukuba Science City 305-8562, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8539, Japan
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25
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Morozumi K, Shibata S, Ikeda Y, Yamauchi T, Hara S, Koseki S. [A case of multiple early gastric cancer showing complete response to UFT-E after endoscopic mucosal resection]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 1999; 26:141-4. [PMID: 9987511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
A 78-year-old male underwent endoscopic mucosal resection for early gastric cancer (type II a) in the anterior wall of antrum. Follow-up endoscopy showed another early gastric cancer (type II c) in the posterior wall of cardia. He refused an operation. UFT-E 300 mg/day has been administered daily since then. After 6 months, a complete tumor response was observed. The patient has been in good health without any sign of relapse for 14 months after achievement of the complete response.
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26
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Aoki T, Hashimoto H, Koseki S, Hozumi Y, Kondo S. 1alpha,24-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (tacalcitol) is effective against Hailey-Hailey disease both in vivo and in vitro. Br J Dermatol 1998; 139:897-901. [PMID: 9892963 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.1998.02522.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD) in which 1alpha, 24-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (tacalcitol) was effective both clinically (in vivo) and in explant cultures (in vitro) of a skin lesion. The patient was a 65-year-old man with HHD lesions in the axillary and inguinal areas bilaterally. We applied ointment containing 1alpha, 24-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (tacalcitol), an analogue of active vitamin D3, to the lesions and assessed its clinical effectiveness. The HHD lesions in both groins disappeared after treatment with the 1alpha, 24-dihydroxyvitamin D3 ointment, and the remission has continued to the present. A punch biopsy specimen of the lesion that had remitted showed no acantholysis. In addition, dissociation of migrating keratinocytes was observed when biopsy specimens of the HHD skin lesion were cultured in medium without 1alpha,24-dihydroxyvitamin D3, but inhibition of keratinocyte dissociation was observed in medium containing it. These results suggest the effectiveness of 1alpha, 24-dihydroxyvitamin D3 against HHD both in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Aoki
- Department of Dermatology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
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27
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Kuwabara T, Warashina M, Orita M, Koseki S, Ohkawa J, Taira K. Formation of a catalytically active dimer by tRNA(Val)-driven short ribozymes. Nat Biotechnol 1998; 16:961-5. [PMID: 9788354 DOI: 10.1038/nbt1098-961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A minizyme is a hammerhead ribozyme with a short oligonucleotide linker instead of stem/loop II. Minizymes with low activity as monomers form active dimeric structures with a common stem. We explored the use of dimeric minizymes as gene-inactivating agents by placing minizymes under the control of a tRNA(Val) promoter. The tRNA(Val) portion of the transcript did not hinder dimerization as the tRNA-embedded minizyme formed an active dimeric structure. The cleavage activity of this minizyme that had been expressed either in vitro or in HeLa cells was almost one order of magnitude higher than that of the tRNA(Val)-embedded conventional hammerhead ribozyme. The tRNA(Val)-driven minizyme inhibited reporter gene activity (95%) whereas the tRNA(Val)-driven hammerhead ribozyme resulted in approximately 55% inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kuwabara
- National Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba Science City, Japan
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28
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Abstract
To study the effect of physical activity level on the distensibility of the human aortic wall, aortic pulse wave velocity (APWV) was estimated in 139 healthy male subjects (19-67 years) and was related to the energy expenditure by habitual physical exercise (physical activity index: PAI), which was evaluated by a 7-day total activity recall. The subjects consisted of 56 fun runners (runner group) and 83 general subjects, who were divided into 25 active subjects (active group: PAI > or = 1,500 kcal/week) and 58 sedentary subjects (sedentary group: PAI < 1,500 kcal/week). The APWV index (APWVI: standardized APWV by the diastolic blood pressure) was found to be positively correlated with age and was negatively correlated with PAI. The age-adjusted APWVI of the runner group was significantly lower than that of the active and sedentary groups. The age-adjusted APWVI was also significantly lower in the active group than in the sedentary group. These results suggest that increased physical activity may retard the age-dependent loss of arterial distensibility in humans, in proportion to the amount and/or intensity of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kakiyama
- Program of Health and Physical Education, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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29
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Miura S, Fujimori H, Koseki S, Hokari R. [Mucosal immune system of the intestine]. Nihon Rinsho 1998; 56:2228-34. [PMID: 9780697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Gut-associated lymphoid tissue is the major inductive site of mucosal immune system, functionally independent of the systemic immune system. Particulate antigens are mainly uptaken from M cell of Peyer's patches, inducing IgA production in the intestinal mucosa. Lymphocytes are continuously recirculating through the intestinal mucosa to facilitate intestinal immune response. Dysregulation of lymphocyte migration and cytokine imbalance in the intestinal mucosa may be largely involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases including intestinal allergy and Crohn's disease. There is also a possibility that dietary components especially long chain fatty acid could influence immune cell function of the intestinal mucosa. Because dietary components are closely associated with immunological function of intestinal mucosa, the importance of dietary manipulation for the management of inflammatory bowel diseases should be concerned.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Miura
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College
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30
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Koseki S, Ohkawa J, Yamamoto R, Takebe Y, Taira K. A simple assay system for examination of the inhibitory potential in vivo of decoy RNAs, ribozymes and other drugs by measuring the Tat-mediated transcription of a fusion gene composed of the long terminal repeat of HIV-1 and a gene for luciferase. J Control Release 1998; 53:159-73. [PMID: 9741924 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-3659(97)00250-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acid-based drugs, including antisense RNA and DNA, ribozymes and decoys appear to have potential for the suppression of the expression of specific genes. To allow the examination of the potential of such agents in vivo as anti-HIV drugs in standard laboratories, where facilities for handling live virions are not available, we constructed a simple assay system (HIV-1 model) that allows measurement of the extent of inhibition of Tat-mediated transcription of HIV-1 by nucleic acid-based drugs and other agents. In cells that harbor a stable chimeric long terminal repeat (LTR)-Luc construct (a fusion gene consisting of the LTR of HIV-1 and the gene for luciferase), total luciferase activity in an aliquot of cell lysate is dose- and promoter-dependent on transfection with a Tat expression plasmid, reflecting the character of the LTR promoter of HIV. When HeLa cells were co-transfected with the Tat expression plasmid and another plasmid that encoded the U6 promoter or the promoter of the gene for tRNA(Val) linked to the trans-activating response (TAR) sequence, total luciferase activity was inhibited by 60 or 40%, respectively. The inhibition was also dependent on the dose of the TAR expression plasmid. These results demonstrate the usefulness of this simple assay system for detection of the efficacy of a decoy RNA or a ribozyme in vivo, without a requirement for HIV-infected cells, by measurement of luciferase activity in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koseki
- National Institute of Bioscience and Human Technology, MITI, Tsukuba Science City, Japan
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31
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Hashimoto J, Koseki S, Kinoshita F, Kubo A, Iwanaga S, Mitamura H, Ogawa S. Absent myocardial accumulation of two different radioiodinated pentadecanoic acids. Ann Nucl Med 1998; 12:43-6. [PMID: 9559961 DOI: 10.1007/bf03165415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This article presents two cases with preserved myocardial 201Tl uptake and absent uptake of two kinds of radioiodinated fatty acids: iodine-123-labeled 15-(p-iodophenyl)-3-(R,S)-methylpentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) and iodine-123-labeled 15-(p-iodophenyl)-9-(R,S)-methylpentadecanoic acid (9MPA). Although coronary angiography showed no stenotic lesion and left ventriculography revealed no wall motion abnormality, no myocardial uptake of BMIPP and 9MPA was observed in the first case. In the second case, no myocardial accumulation was recognized even in the initial phase of dynamic SPECT acquired soon after the injection of 9MPA. The results suggest that the non-visualized myocardium was not specific for BMIPP imaging and that rather than the early back diffusion of the tracers from the myocardium, abnormality of the myocardial cell membrane was a possible mechanism accounting for the phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hashimoto
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
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32
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Sasaki M, Inagaki A, Fujii T, Toshinai K, Nakao C, Ueya E, Koseki S, Sato Y, Haga S. [Blood biochemical properties in male workers analysed according to body type]. Sangyo Eiseigaku Zasshi 1997; 39:179-83. [PMID: 9368969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The characteristics of body type, serum lipids and blood pressure in male blue workers were evaluated. The subjects were 1,705 healthy men aged 40.3 +/- 4.33 years, and were classified into 4 groups according to body mass index: BMI; lean (group L: BMI < 20), normal (group N: 20 < or = BMI < 24), mildly obese (group MO: BMI 24 to 26.5) and obese group (group O: BMI > 26.5). The physical characteristics, blood pressure and 14 blood constituent items were measured. Groups L, N, MO and O accounted for 8.5, 53.4, 28.6, and 9.4% of all subjects, that is the obese body type (MO and O groups) occupied 38%. Rest systolic and diastolic blood pressure were positively related to BMI. Most blood constituent items biochemically analyzed increased in proportion to BMI values. The Trigriceride level was 88.5, 112.2, 152.8 and 171.9 mg/dl in groups L, N, MO and O, respectively. The Trigriceride level in groups MO and O were about the upper limit of the normal range. The total cholesterol level was in the normal range in 4 groups, but was higher in the MO and O groups than in groups L and N. The HDL-cholesterol level was low in inverse proportion to BMI, that is 58.2, 51.3, 47.6, and 42.6 mg/dl in groups L, N, MO, and O, respectively. Especially the values in group O were similar to the values in the aged and adult disease patients. A greater percentage of Japanese male workers were obese men and they risked developing atherosclerosis and adult diseases. the present study suggests that health education regarding exercise prescription and nutrition intake in daily life should be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sasaki
- Yamano College of Aesthetics, Tokyo, Japan
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33
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Yamamoto R, Koseki S, Ohkawa J, Murakami K, Nishikawa S, Taira K, Kumar PK. Inhibition of transcription by the TAR RNA of HIV-1 in a nuclear extract of HeLa cells. Nucleic Acids Res 1997; 25:3445-50. [PMID: 9254702 PMCID: PMC146900 DOI: 10.1093/nar/25.17.3445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulation of transcription of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) requires specific interaction of Tat protein with the trans-activation response region (TAR). Inhibition of replication of HIV-1 has previously been achieved with a TAR decoy, namely a short RNA oligonucleotide that corresponded to the sequence of the authentic TAR RNA. Since TAR RNA has the potential to interact with cellular factors, we examined the effect of TAR RNA on efficiency of transcription in nuclear of HeLa cell extracts. We performed an in vitro transcription assay in the presence of authentic TAR RNA using a template that was driven by the CMV (cytomegalovirus) early promoter in a HeLa nuclear extract and found, for the first time, that TAR RNA inhibited transcription by approximately 60-70% independently of the Tat-TAR interaction. Furthermore, we evaluated inhibition of transcription by variants of TAR RNA and found that the TAR RNA loop, bases surrounding the loop, the triple base bulge and the 'lower' stem region of TAR RNA were responsible for the inhibition of transcription. Taken together, earlier reports on proteins that bind to TAR RNA and the present results suggest that integrity of TAR RNA is important for efficient binding to cellular transcription factors. As judged from the significant inhibition observed in this study, the TAR decoy might sequester transcription factors and thus it might potentially be able to inhibit transcription of housekeeping genes that are unrelated to Tat function.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Yamamoto
- National Institute of Bioscience and Human Technology, AIST, MITI, Tsukuba Science City, Ibaraki 305, Japan
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34
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Abstract
We report a 74-year-old Japanese man with triple extramammary Paget's disease; the genital and both of the axillar regions were simultaneously involved. Literature review revealed that 27 cases of triple extramammary Paget's disease have been reported in Japan, but there are no reports of triple extramammary Paget's disease from countries other than Japan, although 2 cases of double extramammary Paget's disease are reported. In all 28 cases, including our case, the genital lesion preceded the axillary lesions. All cases except one were male and only the exceptional female case was reported to have an the invasive tumor in the dermis. We speculate that extramammary Paget's disease may appear multi-centrically.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koseki
- Department of Dermatology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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35
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ansai
- Department of Dermatology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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36
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Koseki S, Taga M, Aoyama M, Hirabuki T, Hirahara F, Takahasi T, Minaguchi H, Yokota S, Ito A. Mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus in human immunodeficiency virus-coinfected mother: a case report. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 1996; 22:139-42. [PMID: 8697343 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.1996.tb00956.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of vertical transmission of HCV in a mother infected with both HCV and HIV. Our case suggests that coinfection with HIV, by causing an immune dysfunction, might be one of the risk factors for the transmission of HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koseki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Japan
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37
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Ansai S, Koseki S, Hozumi Y, Kondo S. An immunohistochemical study of lysozyme, CD-15 (Leu M1), and gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 in various skin tumors. Assessment of the specificity and sensitivity of markers of apocrine differentiation. Am J Dermatopathol 1995; 17:249-55. [PMID: 8599433 DOI: 10.1097/00000372-199506000-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We investigated immunohistochemically the localization of lysozyme and Leu M1 in normal skin, 76 cases of benign sweat gland tumors, 28 cases of malignant sweat gland tumors, 23 cases of extramammary Paget's disease, 7 cases of sebaceous carcinoma, 6 cases of malignant trichilemmoma, 10 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, and 10 cases of basal cell carcinoma and compared the results with those for gross cystic disease fluid protein (GCDFP)-15 to assess the sensitivity and specificity of our assay conditions for apocrine differentiation. Normal apocrine glands were stained with all three antibodies, while eccrine glands were positive only for GCDFP-15, and other portions of normal skin were not stained with any of the antibodies used. In neoplastic tissue thought to be from apocrine tumors, antibodies raised against lysozyme and GCDFP-15 had a greater specificity (100%) for apocrine differentiation, while Leu M1 had a greater sensitivity (88%). Tissues that were stained with two or three of these antibodies appeared to exhibit apocrine differentiation. In the tumors examined, the specificity for apocrine differentiation was 100% and the sensitivity for such differentiation was 92% by these criteria. According to these criteria, some cases of syringocystadenoma papilliferum, primary mucinous carcinoma of the skin, and extramammary Paget's disease with underlying adenocarcinoma showed apocrine differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ansai
- Department of Dermatology, Yamagata University, Faculty of Medicine, Japan
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Ansai S, Koseki S, Hozumi Y, Kondo S, Aso K. Assessment of cellular proliferation of sebaceous neoplasms by AgNOR counts and immunohistochemical demonstrations of PCNA and Ki-67. J Dermatol 1995; 22:238-48. [PMID: 7608380 DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.1995.tb03380.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We assessed cellular proliferation of sebaceous neoplasms by AgNOR counts and the immunohistochemical demonstration of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67, using formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue specimens. We used three categories of sebaceous neoplasms: four cases of sebaceoma, three cases of basal cell carcinoma with sebaceous differentiation (BCSD), and seven cases of sebaceous carcinoma (SC). Significant differences were noted between SC and non-SC tumors (sebaceoma and BCSD) in AgNOR counts and semi-quantitative grading of PCNA and Ki-67 labelling indices (P < 0.01). When a cut-off value of 6 was chosen, the AgNOR value discriminated SC from non-SC tumors with high specificity and sensitivity. When a cut-off value of 25% was chosen, PCNA and Ki-67 labelling indices also discriminated between these tumors. Significant differences were not observed between sebaceoma and BCSD with PCNA and Ki-67 labelling indices. AgNOR counts of BCSD were a little higher than those of sebaceoma, but the number of cases was too small to perform statistical assessment. We consider AgNOR counts and semi-quantitative grading of PCNA and Ki-67 labelling indices to be useful in differentiating SC from BCSD and sebaceoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ansai
- Department of Dermatology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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Ansai S, Koseki S, Hozumi Y, Kondo S. Assessment of cellular proliferation of eccrine acrospiromas and eccrine sweat gland carcinomas by AgNOR counting and immunohistochemical demonstration of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67. Clin Exp Dermatol 1995; 20:27-34. [PMID: 7671392 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.1995.tb01278.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Argyrophil nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) were counted and immunostaining using antibodies raised against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67 was carried out on eccrine acrospiroma and eccrine sweat gland carcinoma, to determine the malignant potential and prognosis of these tumours. Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue specimens surgically excised from 25 patients with eccrine sweat gland carcinoma (20 cases of eccrine porocarcinoma, four cases of ductal sweat gland carcinoma and one case of malignant clear cell hidradenoma) and 25 patients with eccrine acrospiroma (16 cases of eccrine poroma, four cases of poroid hidradenoma and five cases of clear cell hidradenoma) were used. PCNA and Ki-67 labelling indices were categorized semiquantitatively into four grades. Significant differences were noted between eccrine sweat gland carcinoma and eccrine acrospiroma with these three methods (P < 0.01). When a cut-off of 5 was chosen, the AgNOR value distinguished eccrine sweat gland carcinoma from eccrine acrospiroma with high specificity and sensitivity. Moreover, we compared the results of these three methods between stages 1 or 2 (17 cases) and stage 3 (eight cases) eccrine sweat gland carcinomas, and no significant differences were observed. From these findings, these three methods are useful in discriminating malignant from benign lesions of eccrine tumours, but have no value in estimating the aggressiveness of eccrine sweat gland carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ansai
- Department of Dermatology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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Ansai S, Koseki S, Hashimoto H, Hozumi Y, Kondo S. A case of ductal sweat gland carcinoma connected to syringocystadenoma papilliferum arising in nevus sebaceus. J Cutan Pathol 1994; 21:557-63. [PMID: 7699123 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.1994.tb00727.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of a tumor arising in the preauricular region in a 50-year-old woman. The histopathological findings revealed it to be a ductal sweat gland carcinoma connected to a syringocystadenoma papilliferum (SCAP) arising in a nevus sebaceus. Mucinous stroma, considered to be deposition of hyaluronic acid, was also observed in the ductal carcinoma portion. The immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings in the ductal carcinoma were compared with those in the SCAP. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen labeling index of the cells in the ductal carcinoma was higher than that of those in the SCAP. Both the ductal sweat gland carcinoma and SCAP showed findings compatible with the ductal segment of a sweat gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ansai
- Department of Dermatology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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Koseki S. [Mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus]. Nihon Sanka Fujinka Gakkai Zasshi 1994; 46:1322-8. [PMID: 7531741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Anti-HCV antibody was examined in 4,801 pregnant women by using the first or second generation radioimmunoassay systems. Antibody positive patients were further tested for HCV-RNA by RT-semi nested polymerase chain reaction. Anti-HCV antibody was found to be positive in 59 women (1.23%) and HCV-RNA in 25 women (0.52%). Fourteen newborn babies born to anti-HCV antibody positive mothers were all positive for anti-HCV antibody but negative for HCV-RNA at delivery. HCV-RNA was detected in 3 of 13 children (23.1%) at 3, 5 and 9 months of age, respectively. All of their mothers had mild transaminase elevations in the third trimester. One of them was positive for both HCV and HIV. Although three mothers had HCV-RNA in the milk, their children were still sero-negative for HCV-RNA. These results suggest that mother-to-infant transmission of HCV may occur at delivery and transaminase elevation in the third trimester is one of the risk factors in mother-to-infant transmission of HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koseki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine
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Abstract
We performed an immunohistochemical study with 11 antikeratin antibodies using the newly developed AMeX (acetone-methylbenzoate-xylene) tissue processing method. Specimens processed with this method showed almost as good preservation and morphological detail as routinely processed, formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue specimens, and as good preservation of antigenicity as fresh frozen tissue specimens. Thus, we propose the wide use of this method in dermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- S I Ansai
- Department of Dermatology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan
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Abstract
We describe a patient with rhabdomyosarcoma of the posterior cervical region and clear cell sarcoma on the occipital scalp. These two tumors later metastasized to distant skin. We differentiated these tumors by histopathologic, histochemical, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural findings. Cells of the posterior cervical tumor showed differentiation toward striated muscle, whereas those of the occipital tumor showed findings compatible with melanocytic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ansai
- Department of Dermatology, Yamagata University, Japan
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Umeda H, Sugawara M, Fujimura Y, Koseki S. Multiphoton dissociation dynamics of hydrogen cyanide in nonstationary laser fields: important role of dipole moment function. Chem Phys Lett 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(94)01035-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Toyama M, Watanabe S, Kobayashi T, Iida K, Koseki S, Yamaguchi I, Sugishita Y. Two cases of acute myocardial infarction associated with aplastic anemia during treatment with anabolic steroids. Jpn Heart J 1994; 35:369-73. [PMID: 7933553 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.35.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Thrombosis is a rare complication in patients with aplastic anemia because of the presence of coincidental thrombocytopenia. We have recently treated two cases, a 61-year-old male and a 59-year-old female, with acute myocardial infarction associated with aplastic anemia. Although their platelet counts were lower than normal in spite of treatment with anabolic steroids for aplastic anemia, the coronary angiographic findings strongly suggested coronary thrombosis in both cases. Anabolic steroids, which have been commonly used for the treatment of aplastic anemia, are a possible risk factor for coronary thrombosis because they have an accelerating effect on thrombus formation. We report two very rare but clinically important cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Toyama
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
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Abstract
A case of malignant hidroacanthoma simplex of the anterior aspect of the right ankle in a 75-year-old man is reported. A specimen obtained in 1987 showed the features of benign hidroacanthoma simplex, whereas that taken in 1991 revealed malignant transformation. We performed immunohistochemical studies on these two specimens, and they suggest this tumor derives from the outer cells of intraepidermal ducts. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen labelling index and argyrophil nucleolar organizer regions of these two specimens were also compared and correlated with malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ansai
- Department of Dermatology, Yamagata University, Faculty of Medicine, Japan
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Sato T, Koseki S, Takahashi S, Maie O. Localized cutaneous cryptococcosis successfully treated with itraconazole. Review of medication in 18 cases reported in Japan. Mycoses 1990; 33:455-63. [PMID: 1965550 DOI: 10.1111/myc.1990.33.9-10.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A case of localized cutaneous cryptococcosis successfully treated with oral itraconazole is reported. The patient, a 63-year-old Japanese housewife, had had an erythematous and partly eroded lesion in the area of her right earlobe for about 10 months. No findings suggesting a primary focus of Cryptococcus infection were found in the lung, central nervous system or other internal organs. The isolate obtained from the lesion was identified as Cryptococcus neoformans based on the demonstration of encapsulated blastospores and its biological characteristics. The clinical course shifted toward healing in parallel with a decreased serum level of anticryptococcal antibody after initiation of treatment with oral itraconazole in a dose of 100 mg once daily. The treatment was discontinued after 13 weeks. There were neither subjective nor objective side effects. Furthermore, this paper reviews the medications employed in 18 cases with cutaneous cryptococcosis reported in Japan during the nearly 40-year period between 1952 and 1989.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sato
- Department of Dermatology, Akita University School of Medicine, Japan
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Takeda T, Matsuda M, Akatsuka T, Iida K, Sugishita Y, Anno I, Akisada M, Koseki S. [Quantitative evaluations of left ventricular function obtained by electrocardiographically-gated magnetic resonance imaging]. J Cardiol 1989; 19:911-20. [PMID: 2641784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Using electrocardiographically-gated magnetic resonance imaging, regional cardiac function was evaluated in 12 normal volunteers and in 10 cases of old myocardial infarction. The optimal short axis of the left ventricle was selected at the chordae tendineae level. The left ventricle was divided into 12 segments using a computer-aided system, and percentile shortening fraction (%SF) and percentile wall thickening (%WT) were calculated in each segment by the fixed coordinate method. In the normal volunteers, heterogeneity of both %FS and %WT was observed, ranging from 25 +/- 13% and 37 +/- 13%, respectively in the septal segment, to 49 +/- 13% and 60 +/- 21%, respectively in the posterior segment. In the cases of myocardial infarction, decreased %FS and %WT were detected at the affected regions. The abnormal regions revealed by %WT tended to be narrower than those revealed by %FS. Thus the MR technique at the optimal axis may be useful for quantitative evaluations of regional cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Takeda
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba
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Iida K, Yukisada K, Sugishita Y, Matsuda M, Koseki S, Iida K, Ito I. Impaired left ventricular rapid filling during exercise in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Clin Cardiol 1987; 10:147-52. [PMID: 3829485 DOI: 10.1002/clc.4960100304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of exercise on left ventricular diastolic filling was evaluated in 14 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and 14 normal controls (NC) by dynamic exercise echocardiography. Using X-Y digitizer and computer, normalized peak rate of change of the left ventricular dimension during systole (pVs) and the rapid filling phase (pVd) were determined from the left ventricular echocardiograms at rest and during exercise when heart rate reached 100 beats/min. At rest and during exercise, pVs was significantly higher in HCM (3.2 +/- 0.4/s at rest, 4.3 +/- 1.4/s during exercise) than in NC (2.4 +/- 0.5/s at rest, 3.0 +/- 0.4s during exercise) (p less than 0.001, p less than 0.001, respectively), but pVd in HCM (4.2 +/- 1.0/s at rest, 5.8 +/- 1.0/s during exercise) was not significantly different from that in NC (4.1 +/- 1.0/s at rest, 6.0 +/- 0.7/s during exercise). The ratio of pVd to pVs (pVd/pVs) in HCM did not show significant increment during exercise (1.35 +/- 0.38 to 1.43 +/- 0.35), though that ratio in NC was significantly increased by exercise (1.67 +/- 0.22/s to 1.97 +/- 0.19/s, p less than 0.001). There was no correlation between pVd and the degree of left ventricular hypertrophy. These results suggest that diastolic reserve to exercise is depressed in HCM and that other factors besides left ventricular hypertrophy may account for diastolic abnormality.
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