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Dey T, Rai B, Radhika S, Saha P, Rana S, Gowda S, Ghoshal S. Circulating Cell Free DNA as Predictive Biomarker in Cervical Cancer Patients Treated with Radical Chemo-Radiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Hui M, Uppin SG, Kumar KK, Radhika S, Chandrasekhar P, Rao KN. Utility of P63 in Differentiating Giant Cell Tumor from Other Giant Cell-Containing Lesions. Turk Patoloji Derg 2021; 38:9-15. [PMID: 34514571 PMCID: PMC9999691 DOI: 10.5146/tjpath.2021.01538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess P63 expression in giant cell-containing lesions of the bone (GCLB) and to determine its utility in differentiating giant cell tumor of the bone (GCTB) from other GCLBs. MATERIAL AND METHOD Cases diagnosed as GCLB on histopathology were included in the study. P63 immunohistochemistry was performed in all the cases. The percentage of cells showing nuclear positivity was assessed in the non-giant cell component. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS Of the total 53 cases studied, the majority were GCTBs (23), followed by 12 cases of chondroblastomas (CBL) and 18 other giant cell lesions (GCLs). All giant cell-containing lesions except one case of CBL and brown tumor of hyperparathyroidism (BTH) showed P63 staining in the non-giant cell component. However, the mean P63 labeling of GCT (52.6%) was higher compared to CBL (28.3%), aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) (15.2%), non-ossifying fibroma (NOF) (24.5%), giant cell lesion of small bones (GCLSB) (11%), BTH (6.8%) and chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) (12.3%), with a p-value of < 0.001. CONCLUSION Although p63 was present in majority of the GCLBs, its percentage positivity was significantly higher in GCTB compared to the other GCLBs. The diagnosis of GCTB is likely if cut-off value of > 50% is applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa Hui
- Department of Pathology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, HYDERABAD, INDIA
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Kumari A, Thakur M, Saha SC, Suri V, Prasad GRV, Patel FD, Radhika S. To compare the optimal cytoreduction rate in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer stage III/IV after 3 versus 6 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2020; 41:616-620. [PMID: 32811236 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2020.1787967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the impact of 3 versus 6 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) on the optimal cytoreduction in patients of advanced ovarian malignancy during interval debulking surgery (IDS). Thirty patients with advanced-stage IIIc/IV epithelial ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, and primary peritoneal cancer were randomly allocated to receive 6 cycles in the late IDS group versus 3 cycles in early IDS before undergoing interval debulking surgery. A higher percentage of patients achieved optimal cytoreduction in the late IDS group compared to the early IDS group (60 versus 23%) which was statistically significant (p = .010). Giving 6 cycles of NACT before surgery increased the odd of optimal cytoreduction by 10 than giving 3 cycles of NACT which was statistically significant (p = 0.046) Thus, we conclude that administering 6 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy before debulking surgery helps in achieving optimal cytoreduction in a higher number of patients with lesser surgical morbidity.IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known on the subject? Currently, there are no established criteria that would help to determine the number of chemotherapy cycles before debulking surgery in patients with advanced ovarian malignancy.What do the results of this study add? Administering 6 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy before debulking surgery helps in achieving optimal cytoreduction in a higher number of patients with lesser surgical morbidity in cases of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? We conclude that late interval debulking may be used as a treatment option in the advanced stage IIIc/stage IV. However, the findings need to be studied in a larger study group with a longer follow up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Kumari
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Monika Thakur
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar Government Medical College, Nahan, India
| | - S C Saha
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vanita Suri
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - G R V Prasad
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Firuza D Patel
- Department of Radiotherapy, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S Radhika
- Department of Cytology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Bhatia P, Singh M, Sharma M, Sharma A, Kakkar N, Radhika S, Trehan A, Bansal D. BRAF V600E mutation in childhood Langerhans cell histiocytosis correlates with multisystem disease and poor survival. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2020; 82:102356. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2019.102356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Deota S, Rathnachalam S, Namrata K, Boob M, Fulzele A, Radhika S, Ganguli S, Balaji C, Kaypee S, Vishwakarma KK, Kundu TK, Bhandari R, Gonzalez de Peredo A, Mishra M, Venkatramani R, Kolthur-Seetharam U. Allosteric Regulation of Cyclin-B Binding by the Charge State of Catalytic Lysine in CDK1 Is Essential for Cell-Cycle Progression. J Mol Biol 2019; 431:2127-2142. [PMID: 30974121 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) is essential for cell-cycle progression. While dependence of CDK activity on cyclin levels is well established, molecular mechanisms that regulate their binding are less understood. Here, we report for the first time that CDK1:cyclin-B binding is not default but rather determined by the evolutionarily conserved catalytic residue, lysine-33 in CDK1. We demonstrate that the charge state of this lysine allosterically remodels the CDK1:cyclin-B interface. Cell cycle-dependent acetylation of lysine-33 or its mutation to glutamine, which mimics acetylation, abrogates cyclin-B binding. Using biochemical approaches and atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, we have uncovered both short-range and long-range effects of perturbing the charged state of the catalytic lysine, which lead to inhibition of kinase activity. Specifically, although loss of the charge state of catalytic lysine did not impact ATP binding significantly, it altered its orientation in the active site. In addition, the catalytic lysine also acts as an intra-molecular electrostatic tether at the active site to orient structural elements interfacing with cyclin-B. Physiologically, opposing activities of SIRT1 and P300 regulate acetylation and thus control the charge state of lysine-33. Importantly, cells expressing acetylation mimic mutant of Cdc2/CDK1 in yeast are arrested in G2 and fail to divide, indicating the requirement of the deacetylated state of the catalytic lysine for cell division. Thus, by illustrating the molecular role of the catalytic lysine and cell cycle-dependent deacetylation as a determinant of CDK1:cyclin-B interaction, our results redefine the current model of CDK1 activation and cell-cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaunak Deota
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Sivasudhan Rathnachalam
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Kanojia Namrata
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Mayank Boob
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Amit Fulzele
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Toulouse 31400, France
| | - S Radhika
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Shubhra Ganguli
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Hyderabad 500039, India; Graduate Studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Chinthapalli Balaji
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Stephanie Kaypee
- Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Krishna Kant Vishwakarma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Tapas Kumar Kundu
- Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Rashna Bhandari
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Hyderabad 500039, India
| | | | - Mithilesh Mishra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Ravindra Venkatramani
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India.
| | - Ullas Kolthur-Seetharam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India.
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Shilpa C, Sandeep S, Thanzeemunisa U, Prakash BG, Radhika S, Virender S. Current Microbiological Trends of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media in a Tertiary Care Centre, Mysuru, India. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018; 71:1449-1452. [PMID: 31750194 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-018-1544-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to re- evaluate the current bacteriological profile of chronic suppurative otitis media and to know their antibiotic sensitivity pattern to commonly used antibiotics. To provide a guideline for empirical antibiotic therapy when culture facilities are not available. Observational study. Patients who presented to Ear, Nose and Throat department with chronic or recurrent ear discharge and on clinical examination found to have actively discharging ears were selected. Patients who did not receive antimicrobial therapy (topical or systemic) for the last 7 days were included. Out of the 106 ear swabs processed, bacterial growth was found in 100 samples (94.33%), while 6 samples (5.66%) showed no growth. The results revealed Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the most isolated bacteria (49%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (18%). Antibiotic susceptibility-Pseudomonas aeruginosa was sensitive to Cefoperazone-Sulbactam (96%), Imipenem (82%), Piperacillin-Tazobactam (82%), Amikacin in 82% and Gentamicin (76%). It was found that Pseudomonas was sensitive to Ciprofloxacin in only 57% of the cases. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were sensitive to Vancomycin in 90%, Gentamicin in 81%, Clindamycin in 72%, and Erythromycin in 45%. It was found that 100% of the isolates were resistant to Ciprofloxacin. Our findings highlight the importance of continuous and periodic evaluation of microbiological pattern and antibiotic sensitivity of isolates in chronic suppurative otitis media patients to decrease the potential risk of complications by early institution of appropriate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Shilpa
- Department of ENT, JSS Medical College and hospital, Mahatma Gandhi Road, Mysuru, 570004 India
| | - S Sandeep
- Department of ENT, JSS Medical College and hospital, Mahatma Gandhi Road, Mysuru, 570004 India
| | - U Thanzeemunisa
- Department of ENT, JSS Medical College and hospital, Mahatma Gandhi Road, Mysuru, 570004 India
| | - B G Prakash
- Department of ENT, JSS Medical College and hospital, Mahatma Gandhi Road, Mysuru, 570004 India
| | - S Radhika
- Department of ENT, JSS Medical College and hospital, Mahatma Gandhi Road, Mysuru, 570004 India
| | - S Virender
- Department of ENT, JSS Medical College and hospital, Mahatma Gandhi Road, Mysuru, 570004 India
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Farihah AG, Nurismah MI, Husyairi H, Shahrun Niza AS, Radhika S. Reliability of the ultrasound classification system of thyroid nodules in predicting malignancy. Med J Malaysia 2018; 73:263-271. [PMID: 30350802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aims to evaluate the reliability of the Ultrasound (U) Classification system in predicting thyroid malignancy by using pathology diagnosis as the reference standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS It was a cross sectional study carried out at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Malaysia. Records of patients with focal thyroid nodules on ultrasound (US) for which US guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was performed and pathology results were available, from January 2014 to May 2016 were selected for review. Correlation of the U Classification with pathology results was assessed. Sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were calculated in a conservative and nonconservative method. The threshold for statistical performance was set at 0.05. Each sonographic feature was also compared with its pathology results. RESULTS A total of 91 patients with 104 nodules were eligible. 12 nodules out of 104 (11.5%) were malignant. The sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were 100%, 91.3%, 11.5, 0.0, 60%, 100% and 92.3%, and 100%, 91.4%, 11.7, 0.0, 78.6%, 100% and 93.5%, for the non-conservative and conservative method of calculations respectively. CONCLUSION The U Classification is reliable in predicting thyroid malignancy. More evidence is nevertheless necessary for widespread adaptation and use.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Farihah
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - M I Nurismah
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - H Husyairi
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Center for Research in Emergency Medicine (CREM), Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A S Shahrun Niza
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Department of General Surgery, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Radhika
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Thomas J, Radhika S, Yoon M. Graphitic carbon nitride coupled with perylene nanoparticles as efficient solar photocatalyst. Molecular Catalysis 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2016.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Radhika S, Hartini B, Norlia A, Suria-Hayati MP, Zulfiqar MA. The follow-up of post-mastectomy patients: Should the ipsilateral side be assessed with both mammogram and ultrasound? Med J Malaysia 2016; 71:282-287. [PMID: 28064296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to determine findings of axillary view mammogram (MMG) and ultrasound (USG) of the ipsilateral side in post-mastectomy patients and to document difficulty level in performing the axillary view and patients' pain level during the procedure. METHODS Post-mastectomy patients who had MMG and USG on follow-up during an 18-months period were included. The MMG and USG findings of 183 patients were reviewed and histology results were recorded when available. Radiographers' difficulty and patients' pain level during the axillary view MMG were charted. RESULTS On MMG, 172 cases were normal, eight cases were benign (Category 2) and three cases indeterminate (Category 3). On USG, 175 cases were normal, three cases were benign (Category 2) and five cases indeterminate (Category 3). Malignant lesions detected in two out of 183 patients (1%) were metastatic carcinoma in bilateral axillary lymph nodes and leiomyosarcoma at the mastectomy site. These two cases were Category 3 on USG with negative MMG findings. In majority of cases (79%), the radiographer had no difficulty performing the axillary view compared with contralateral MMG. Majority of patients (80%) experienced similar pain during axillary view compared to contralateral MMG. CONCLUSION Follow-up imaging of post-mastectomy patients should include (i) USG of the mastectomy site, both axillary regions, and the contralateral breast, and (ii) MMG of the contralateral side. Ipsilateral axillary view MMG is not necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Radhika
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.
| | - B Hartini
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - A Norlia
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - M P Suria-Hayati
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - M A Zulfiqar
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Radiology, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
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Badyal RK, Khairwa A, Rajwanshi A, Nijhawan R, Radhika S, Gupta N, Dey P. Significance of epithelial cell clusters in pseudomyxoma peritonei. Cytopathology 2016; 27:418-426. [PMID: 27121698 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare clinical syndrome characterised by distension of the peritoneum by jelly-like ascites. Cytological evaluation of peritoneal fluid is often an initial diagnostic test for possible ovarian and/or appendiceal primary tumours. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The present work was conducted to study the usefulness of peritoneal fluid cytomorphology in the early diagnosis of PMP and to evaluate the significance of the presence of epithelial cell (EC) clusters and their prognostic implications. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the detailed cytological features of 21 cases of PMP retrospectively. Both conventional and liquid-based cytology smears of peritoneal fluid were reviewed, cytological features were compared with histological findings and cases were classified into disseminated peritoneal adenomucinosis (DPAM) and peritoneal mucinous carcinomatosis (PMCA). RESULTS In our study, the common causes of PMP were primary gastrointestinal malignancies (appendix and colorectal, 57.14%), followed by primary ovarian mucinous neoplasms (28.57%) and synchronous ovarian and appendicular tumours (14.28%). Thick mucinous material was present in all cases (100%). ECs were present in 18 of 21 (85.17%) patients, with mild nuclear atypia in the majority of cases. Histiocytes, mesothelial cells and fibroblast-like, spindle-shaped cells with entrapped mucin were also noted in the background. The cases of PMCA showed greater numbers of EC clusters in cytology smears and these patients had recurrent episodes of PMP. CONCLUSION On cytomorphology, high-grade tumours were more cellular and frequently showed EC clusters with moderate to severe atypia, prominent nucleoli and mitosis, and were more prone to PMCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Badyal
- Department of Cytopathology and Gynaecological Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - A Khairwa
- Department of Cytopathology and Gynaecological Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - A Rajwanshi
- Department of Cytology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - R Nijhawan
- Department of Cytology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S Radhika
- Department of Cytology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - N Gupta
- Department of Cytology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - P Dey
- Department of Cytopathology and Gynaecological Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Radhika S, Lee YL, Low SF, Fazalina MF, Sharifah Majedah IA, Suraya A, Rajesh S, Jamari S, Tan HJ, Norlinah MI. Role of high resolution ultrasound in ulnar nerve neuropathy. Med J Malaysia 2015; 70:158-161. [PMID: 26248778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study was conducted to measure the cross sectional area (CSA) of the ulnar nerve (UN) in the cubital tunnel and to evaluate the role of high-resolution ultrasonography in the diagnosis of ulnar nerve neuropathy (UNN). MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a cross sectional study with 64 arms from 32 patients (34 neuropathic, 30 nonneuropathic). Diagnosis was confirmed by nerve conduction study and electromyography. The ulnar nerves were evaluated with 15MHz small footprint linear array transducer. The ulnar nerve CSA was measured at three levels with arm extended: at medial epicondyle (ME), 5cm proximal and 5cm distal to ME. Results from the neuropathic and nonneuropathic arms were compared. Independent T-tests and Pearson correlation tests were used. P value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Mean CSA values for the UN at levels 5cm proximal to ME, ME and 5cm distal to ME were 0.055, 0.109, 0.045 cm(2) respectively in the neuropathic group and 0.049, 0.075, 0.042 cm2 respectively in the non-neuropathic group. The CSA of the UN at the ME level was significantly larger in the neuropathic group, with p value of 0.005. However, there was no statistical difference between the groups at 5cm proximal and distal to the ME, with p values of 0.10 and 0.35 respectively. CONCLUSION There is significant difference in CSA values of the UN at ME between the neuropathic and non-neuropathic groups with mean CSA value above the predetermined 0.10cm(2) cut-off point. High-resolution ultrasonography is therefore useful to diagnose and follow up cases of elbow UNN.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Radhika
- UKM Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Y L Lee
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S F Low
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M F Fazalina
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - I A Sharifah Majedah
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A Suraya
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Rajesh
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Jamari
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - H J Tan
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M I Norlinah
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Krishna MM, Subbalaxmi MVS, Uppin M, Radhika S. Delayed onset renal failure in a patient on tenofovir based antiretroviral regimen. Indian J Pharmacol 2014; 46:230-1. [PMID: 24741201 PMCID: PMC3987198 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.129330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenofovir is recommended as one of the first line agents in combination with other antiretroviral drugs for management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It is known to cause renal failure after exposure for a median duration of 5 months. We report tenofovir induced adverse drug reaction in a 56-year-old female patient who was diagnosed to have HIV 1 infection since 10 years. The combination antiretroviral treatment included tenofovir, emtricitabine and ritonavir/lopinavir regimen since the last 6 years. She presented with recent onset renal failure and renal biopsy showed interstitial nephritis which could probably attributable to tenofovir.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Murali Krishna
- Department of General Medicine, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - M V S Subbalaxmi
- Department of General Medicine, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Megha Uppin
- Department of Pathology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - S Radhika
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Theurapeutics, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Arora P, Bagga R, Kalra J, Kumar P, Radhika S, Gautam V. Mean gestation at delivery and histological chorioamnionitis correlates with early-onset neonatal sepsis following expectant management in pPROM. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2014; 35:235-40. [PMID: 25244519 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2014.958143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This prospective observational study was carried out in India among 100 women with preterm pre-labour rupture of membranes (pPROM) between 26(0/7)-33(0/7) weeks on expectant management in order to correlate early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) with various features of chorioamnionitis. The incidence of pPROM during the study period of 1.5 years was 7%. The mean gestation at pPROM was 30(6/7) ± 1.8 weeks and at delivery was 32(1/7) ± 1 weeks. Features of chorioamnionitis in the form of clinical, microbiological, histological or a combination of these were observed in 70/100 women. Clinical chorioamnionitis was seen in 16%, bacterial isolates were present in 30% on cervical swab and in 39% on placental membrane culture and 19% had histological chorioamnionitis. EONS was present in 23/97 (24%). Clinical chorioamnionitis (p = 0.069), bacterial isolates on cervical swab (p = 0.56) or placental membranes (p = 0.39) were not found to predict EONS; whereas histological chorioamnionitis (p = 0.002) and lower gestation at delivery (p = 0.013) were significantly associated with EONS.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Arora
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research , Chandigarh , India
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Tan KP, Mohamad Azlan Z, Rumaisa MP, Siti Aisyah Murni MR, Radhika S, Nurismah MI, Norlia A, Zulfiqar MA. The comparative accuracy of ultrasound and mammography in the detection of breast cancer. Med J Malaysia 2014; 69:79-85. [PMID: 25241817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study was performed to determine the accuracy of ultrasound (USG) as compared to mammography (MMG) in detecting breast cancer. METHODS This was a review of patients who had breast imaging and biopsy during an 18-month period. Details of patients who underwent breast biopsy were obtained from the department biopsy record books and imaging request forms. Details of breast imaging findings and histology of lesions biopsied were obtained from the hospital Integrated Radiology Information System (IRIS). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of USG and MMG were calculated with histology as the gold standard. RESULTS A total of 326 breast lesions were biopsied. Histology results revealed the presence of 74 breast cancers and 252 benign lesions. USG had a sensitivity of 82%, specificity of 84%, PPV = 60%, NPV = 94% and an accuracy of 84%. MMG had a sensitivity of 49%, specificity of 89%, PPV = 53%, NPV = 88% and an accuracy of 81%. A total of 161 lesions which were imaged with both modalities were analyzed to determine the significance in the differences in sensitivity and specificity between USG and MMG. Sensitivity of USG (75%) was significantly higher than sensitivity of MMG (44%) (X(2)1=6.905, p=0.014). Specificity of MMG (91%) was significantly higher than specificity of USG (79%) (X(2)1=27.114, p<0.001). Compared with MMG, the sensitivity of USG was 50% (95% CI 10%-90%) higher in women aged less than 50 years (X(2)1=0.000, p=1.000) and 27% (95% CI 19%-36%) higher in women aged 50 years and above (X(2)1=5.866, p=0.015). Compared with MMG, the sensitivity of USG was 40% (95% CI 10%-70%) higher in women with dense breasts (X(2)1=0.234, p=0.628) and 27% (95% CI 9%-46%) higher in women with non-dense breasts (X(2)1=4.585, p=0.032). CONCLUSION Accuracy of USG was higher compared with MMG. USG was more sensitive than MMG regardless of age group. However, MMG was more specific in those aged 50 years and older. USG was more sensitive and MMG was more specific regardless of breast density. In this study, 20% of breast cancers detected were occult on MMG and seen only on USG.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Tan
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Z Mohamad Azlan
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M P Rumaisa
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M R Siti Aisyah Murni
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine,Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Radhika
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M I Nurismah
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A Norlia
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M A Zulfiqar
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Deepa GB, Radhika S, Sadashiva BK, Pratibha R. Electric-field-induced switchable dark conglomerate phases in a bent-core liquid crystal exhibiting reverse columnar phases. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2013; 87:062508. [PMID: 23848706 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.87.062508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Electric-field-induced transitions into switchable dark conglomerate (DC) phases from two types of reverse columnar mesophases have been observed in the bent-core (BC) compound 2,7-naphthylene bis[4-(3-methyl-4-n-tetradecyloxybenzoyloxy)] benzoate. Optical and x-ray studies show that the higher temperature columnar phase corresponds to the orthogonal B(1rev) phase, whereas the lower temperature columnar phase is a variant of the B(1revtilt) phase. As the layer fragments in this phase are modulated in order to relieve the steric hindrance caused by an anticlinic tilting in adjacent blocks, it has been named B(1revtiltM). The shape of the chiral domains are different in the DC phases viz. DC-B(1rev) and DC-B(1revtiltM) obtained by applying the electric field in the B(1rev) and B(1revtiltM) phases, respectively. While the chiral domains in the DC-B(1rev) phase appear similar to those observed in other DC phases, the shape of the domains in the DC-B(1revtiltM) phase appear to have some similarity to the domains in the banana leaf texture in the B(1revtiltM) phase implying that the detailed structure in this DC phase may be different. Optical observations, electro-optics, and dielectric studies show that the DC-B(1rev) and DC-B(1revtiltM) phases are both switchable and possess a local SmC(S)P(F) type of structure. As the temperature is decreased the switching behavior changes from ferroelectric to antiferroelectric. The temperature at which this changeover starts occurring coincides with the temperature at which the layer modulation occurs to overcome anticlinic tilt and the B(1rev) to B(1revtiltM) phase transition takes place without the application of the electric field. The change in switching behavior is attributed to a transformation into flat layers with the SmC(A)P(A) type of structure as also evidenced by the nucleation of bright regions alongside the chiral domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- G B Deepa
- Raman Research Institute, C. V. Raman Avenue, Sadashivanagar, Bangalore 560 080, India
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Radhika S, Nagaraju V, Nagaphani Kumar B, Kantam ML, Reddy BR. Solid-liquid extraction of Gd(III) and separation possibilities of rare earths from phosphoric acid solutions using Tulsion CH-93 and Tulsion CH-90 resins. J RARE EARTH 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1002-0721(12)60219-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kim JS, Kumar BN, Radhika S, Kantam ML, Reddy BR. Studies on selection of solvent extractant system for the separation of trivalent Sm, Gd, Dy and Y from chloride solutions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.minpro.2012.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kumar M, Tanwar P, Radhika S, Dey P. Fine needle aspiration cytology of primary mucormycosis of the breast in a young immunocompetent pregnant woman. Cytopathology 2012; 24:411-2. [PMID: 22830302 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2012.01002.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Kumar
- Department of Cytology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Affiliation(s)
- K Madan
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
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Abstract
Histoplasmosis is a geographically restricted form of fungal infection. Adrenal involvement is seen in disseminated disease but sometimes it may be the only site of demonstrable disease. Early diagnosis and treatment may save the patient from catastrophic adrenal insufficiency. We present two patients showing bilateral adrenomegaly on ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced CT, and was diagnosed to have histoplasmosis on fine-needle aspiration cytology.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vyas
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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Lakshmi P, Radhika S, Annamalai A. Molecular Docking Analysis of Phyto-Ligands with Multi Drug Resistant ß-lactamases of Staphylococcus aureus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/tb.2011.23.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Reddy BR, Radhika S, Kumar BN. Liquid-Liquid Extraction Studies of Trivalent Yttrium from Phosphoric Acid Solutions Using TOPS 99 as an Extractant. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/01496391003730365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Guo L, Dhara S, Sadashiva BK, Radhika S, Pratibha R, Shimbo Y, Araoka F, Ishikawa K, Takezoe H. Polar switching in the smectic- A(d)P(A) phase composed of asymmetric bent-core molecules. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2010; 81:011703. [PMID: 20365387 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.81.011703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We have studied mesogenic properties in the smectic- A(d)P(A) phase of an asymmetric bent-core liquid crystal by means of polarizing optical microscopy, second-harmonic generation (SHG), electro-optical (EO), and dielectric measurements. In homeotropically aligned cells, EO switching is clearly observed from a schlieren texture with both four- and two-brush defects to a uniform bright domain under the application of very low in-plane electric field below 1 V/microm. The phase is SHG active under an electric field, i.e., SHG gradually increases without a threshold and saturates with the increasing field. In homogeneous cells, by applying triangular wave field at saturated voltage, the splitting of the polarization switching current peak is observed, indicating that the mesophase is antiferroelectric. The dielectric studies indicate a Debye-type relaxation of the transverse dipoles associated with the rotation of the molecules about their long axis. The dc bias-dependent dielectric relaxation time and the dielectric strength suggest that a field-induced antiferroelectric-ferroelectric phase transition occurs continuously beyond 1.2 V/microm and is reversible. The field-dependent texture observation is consistent with the dielectric measurements. Two possible models are proposed to interpret the continuous phase transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Guo
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
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Reddy BR, Kumar BN, Radhika S. Solid‐Liquid Extraction of Terbium from Phosphoric Acid Medium using Bifunctional Phosphinic Acid Resin, Tulsion CH‐96. Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/07366290903270031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lal A, Mumtaz HA, Radhika S, Khandelwal N. Endodermal sinus tumor: a rare cause of calcified peritoneal implants. Cancer Imaging 2009; 9:29-31. [PMID: 19602468 PMCID: PMC2739686 DOI: 10.1102/1470-7330.2009.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcified peritoneal implants have been attributed to various malignant and benign causes. We present an interesting case of a 32-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain, distension and vaginal bleeding. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed calcified peritoneal implants with a malignant ovarian mass. Histopathology showed an endodermal sinus tumor, a rare cause of calcified peritoneal carcinomatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Lal
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, 160012 Chandigarh, India
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Lawrence Arockiasamy D, Radhika S, Parthasarathi R, Nair BU. Synthesis and DNA-binding studies of two ruthenium(II) complexes of an intercalating ligand. Eur J Med Chem 2009; 44:2044-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2008.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2008] [Revised: 06/05/2008] [Accepted: 10/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lal A, Galwa R, Vankalakunti M, Radhika S, Khandelwal N. Chest. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2008. [PMCID: PMC2766904 DOI: 10.4103/0971-3026.38511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Murugan KD, Radhika S, Baskaran I, Anbarasan R. CLAY CATALYZED SYNTHESIS OF BIO-DEGRADABLE POLY(GLYCOLIC ACID). Chinese J Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1142/s0256767908003059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Lal A, Galwa RP, Vankalakunti M, Radhika S, Khandelwal N. Chest. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2007. [DOI: 10.4103/0971-3026.36882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Lal
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER),Chandigarh - 160 012, India
| | - Ram Prakash Galwa
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER),Chandigarh - 160 012, India
| | - Mahesha Vankalakunti
- Department of Cytology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh - 160 012, India
| | - S Radhika
- Department of Cytology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh - 160 012, India
| | - N Khandelwal
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER),Chandigarh - 160 012, India
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Vinutha B, Prashanth D, Salma K, Sreeja SL, Pratiti D, Padmaja R, Radhika S, Amit A, Venkateshwarlu K, Deepak M. Screening of selected Indian medicinal plants for acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. J Ethnopharmacol 2007; 109:359-63. [PMID: 16950584 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2005] [Revised: 03/29/2006] [Accepted: 06/21/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Seventy-six plant extracts including methanolic and successive water extracts from 37 Indian medicinal plants were investigated for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity (in vitro). Results indicated that methanolic extracts to be more active than water extracts. The potent AChE inhibiting methanolic plant extracts included Withania somnifera (root), Semecarpus anacardium (stem bark), Embelia ribes (Root), Tinospora cordifolia (stem), Ficus religiosa (stem bark) and Nardostachys jatamansi (rhizome). The IC(50) values obtained for these extracts were 33.38, 16.74, 23.04, 38.36, 73.69 and 47.21mug/ml, respectively. These results partly substantiate the traditional use of these herbs for improvement of cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Vinutha
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Hosur Road, Bangalore, India
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Indap MA, Radhika S, Motiwale L, Rao KVK. Inhibitory effect of cinnamoyl compounds against human malignant cell line. Indian J Exp Biol 2006; 44:216-20. [PMID: 16538860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, anti-proliferative effects of dietary polyphenolic compounds have been observed and demonstrated the strong anticancer efficacy of curcumin (CMN), an active constituent of dietary spice (turmeric) using human leukemia cancer cell line. CMN inhibited the proliferation of K562 leukemic cells by induction of apoptosis. The current study demonstrated synergy with combination of drug therapy, and suggested that combination of ferulic acid and cisplatin synergistically inhibited cellular proliferation. Cytotoxic synergy was observed independent of the sequence of addition of two drugs to cultured cells. The synergized growth inhibitory effect with cisplatin was probably associated with G2-M arrest in cell cycle progression. These findings suggested that among the cinnamoyl compounds, CMN was most potent and FER appeared to be a better modulating agent on human malignant cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Indap
- Chemotherapy Group, Khanolkar Shodhika, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410 208, India
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Rao KVK, Indap MA, Radhika S, Motiwale L. Anticancer activity of phenolic antioxidants against breast cancer cells and a spontaneous mammary tumor. Indian J Pharm Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.27820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Rao KVK, Indap MA, Radhika S, Motiwale L. Quercetin: Antitumor activity and pharmacological manipulations for increased therapeutic gains. Indian J Pharm Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.27819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Srinivas O, Radhika S, Bandaru NM, Nadimpalli SK, Jayaraman N. Synthesis and biological evaluation of mannose-6-phosphate-coated multivalent dendritic cluster glycosides. Org Biomol Chem 2005; 3:4252-7. [PMID: 16294255 DOI: 10.1039/b506348e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of multivalent dendritic cluster glycosides of mannopyranosyl-6-phosphate is presented. Poly(amido amine)-based dendrimers of 0.5-3.5 generations, containing carboxylic acid peripheral functionalities, were utilized so as to install 4, 8, 16 and 32 mannopyranosyl-6-phosphate residues at the peripheries of the dendrimers. Amide bond formation between an amine-tethered mannopyranosyl-6-phosphate monomer unit and carboxylic acid-functionalized dendrimers was conducted to synthesize the dendritic cluster glycosides. The constitutions of the Man-6-P-containing dendrimers were assessed by 1H, 13C and 31P NMR spectroscopies and the sugar content analysis by a resorcinol assay. Preliminary biological studies with few newly synthesized Man-6-P-containing dendrimers showed that these compounds could bind the purified goat liver mannose 6-phosphate receptor (MPR 300) protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oruganti Srinivas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
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Ariponnammal S, Selva Vennila R, Radhika S, Arumugam S. High pressure electrical resistivity study on nonlinear bis thiourea cadmium chloride (BTCC) single crystal. Cryst Res Technol 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.200410453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Ariponnammal S, Radhika S, Vennila RS, Jeya NV. High pressure electrical resistivity study on nonlinear single crystal zinc thiourea sulphate (ZTS). Cryst Res Technol 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.200410432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Shukla R, Pooja B, Radhika S, Nijhawan R, Rajwanshi A. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of extramammary neoplasms metastatic to the breast. Diagn Cytopathol 2005; 32:193-7. [PMID: 15754368 DOI: 10.1002/dc.20198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy is the first-line investigation in any breast lump and hence cytomorphological recognition of nonmammary metastatic tumors to the breast and their distinction from primary tumors is important. Metastatic breast neoplasms diagnosed over a 6-yr period from 1997 to 2002 were retrieved from the database of the Department of Cytopathology and the clinical, cytopathological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical findings were correlated with the histopathology of the primary tumor. Fifteen cases of metastatic breast neoplasms were encountered constituting 1.47% of all malignant tumors of the breast diagnosed on FNA. There were 14 female patients and one male patient aged 13-80 yr. The preaspiration clinical diagnosis was either a benign breast lump or a malignancy (primary vs. metastatic). The breast lump was the initial presentation in four cases and the cytodiagnosis of a metastatic malignancy lead to the subsequent detection of the primary malignancy. These included one case each of melanoma, myeloma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and small-cell carcinoma of the lung. There were five pediatric cases that included four cases of rhabdomyosarcoma and one case of leukemic deposit. The adult cases included two cases each of melanoma, small-cell carcinoma, and myeloma; one case of choriocarcinoma; and three cases of soft-tissue sarcomas. These included two cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) and one case of leiomyosarcoma. The presence of unusual cytomorphological patterns on breast FNA should alert the cytopathologist to the possibility of a metastatic breast neoplasm, even if not suspected clinically. A detailed history of the patient, clinical correlation, and immunocytochemistry helps in establishing an accurate diagnosis, which avoids unnecessary surgery and ensures appropriate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Shukla
- Department of Cytology and Gynecological Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Srinivas O, Muktha B, Radhika S, Guru Row TN, Jayaraman N. Solution and solid-state structure of N-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-α-d-galactopyranosylamine. Carbohydr Res 2004; 339:1447-51. [PMID: 15178386 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2004.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2004] [Revised: 03/15/2004] [Accepted: 03/27/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
High resolution 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopic and single crystal X-ray structural analyses of N-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-galactopyranosylamine (1), a minor product of azidonitration reaction of 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl galactal, are reported. The solution phase studies of 1 reflect that the compound exists in 4C1 conformation with cis-orientation of the substituents at C-1 and C-2. The solid-state structure of 1 reveals that a molecule of water is entrapped in the solid state of 1 and this water molecule serves to mediate N-H...O and C-H...O interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Srinivas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
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Srinivas O, Muktha B, Radhika S, Guru Row TN, Jayaraman N. Crystal structure of N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)aminoethyl-2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzoyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside: stabilization of the crystal lattice by a tandem network of N-H. . .O, C-H. . .O, and C-H. . .pi interactions. Carbohydr Res 2004; 339:1087-92. [PMID: 15063195 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2004.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2004] [Accepted: 02/14/2004] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Single crystal X-ray analysis of an aminoethyl mannopyranoside, namely, N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)aminoethyl-2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzoyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside (1), shows that the compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1), with two molecules in the unit cell. The mannopyranoside unit adopts a distorted 4C(1) conformation. An analysis of the intermolecular interactions reveals a tandem network of N-H. . .O, C-H. . .O, and C-H. . .pi interactions responsible for stabilizing the crystal lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Srinivas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
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Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is distinctly uncommon and tends to be located often in the extremities in young patients more than in its adult counterpart. Cartilaginous tumors involving the small bones of the hands and feet are benign tumors such as enchondromas, chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF), and chondroblastoma. Chondrosarcomas involving calcanaeum in young adults are largely covered in the literature as single case reports. A young 12-yr-male patient presented with complaints of pain and mild swelling in the ankle. Radiological examination revealed a dense irregular lesion in the calcanaeum. Fine-needle aspiration was performed and a possibility of chondrosarcoma was suspected, which later was confirmed on histopathological examination. The cytopathologist should be aware of the occurrence of malignant chondroid tumors in the younger age group at this rare site. Correlation to radiological findings is essential in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Gupta
- Department of Cytology and Gynaecologic Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Snehalatha C, Vijay V, Suresh Mohan R, Satyavani K, Sivasankari S, Megha T, Radhika S, Ramachandran A. Lack of association of insulin resistance and carotid intimal medial thickness in non-diabetic Asian Indian subjects. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2001; 17:444-7. [PMID: 11757080 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atherosclerosis is associated with insulin resistance (IR) and dyslipidaemia. Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is characterised by IR and is associated with a higher risk of atherosclerosis. The objective of the present study was to test whether early atherosclerosis indicated by intimal medial thickness (IMT) of common carotid artery (CCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) is higher in IGT than in normoglycaemic subjects (NGT) and to look for an association of IMT with IR and dyslipidaemia. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Ninety-nine randomly selected non-diabetic subjects aged >or=35 years (48 NGT and 51 IGT) were studied. Measurements of body mass index (BMI), waist/hip ratio (WHR), blood pressure, cholesterol-total, HDL, LDL, VLDL, triglycerides (TG), lipoprotein (a), apolipoprotein-A1 (Apo A1) and apolipoprotein-B (Apo B) and ratio of Apo A1/Apo B were estimated. Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated using the fasting plasma insulin and glucose values. IMT of CCA and ICA were measured using high-resolution beta-mode ultrasonography. RESULTS Subjects with IGT and NGT were matched for BMI and WHR; HOMA-IR was higher in IGT vs NGT (7.92+/-4.2 vs 6.07+/-3.76, p = 0.028). Age-adjusted IMT values were similar in NGT and IGT (CCA 0.59+/-0.17 and 0.63+/-0.22 mm and ICA 0.44+/-0.10 and 0.45+/-0.10 mm, respectively). Further analyses were done in the total group. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that CCA-IMT was significantly associated with age and negatively associated with Apo A1/Apo B ratio. ICA-IMT was associated with age only. IMT was significantly correlated with cholesterol-total and LDL-cholesterol and apolipoproteins. It was not associated with IR. CONCLUSION In southern Indians, IGT did not influence the IMT. Although insulin resistance was higher in IGT, it was not associated with higher IMT. Conventional risk factors such as cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and apolipoproteins showed association with IMT in the insulin-resistant population.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Snehalatha
- Diabetes Research Centre, Royapuram, Madras, India
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Abstract
This study was carried out with the objective of studying the cytomorphology of the wide variety of chest-wall lesions. Two hundred twenty-seven chest-wall lesions were studied over a period of 4 yr. Routine May-Grünwald-Giemsa (MGG) and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) slides were studied along with special stains, whenever required. The malignant lesions comprised 36.13% of all cases (81/227). Of the 126 benign lesions, the majority were inflammatory in nature (68/126), the next commonest lesion being lipoma (38/126). Rare cases of tuberculosis involving the sternum, epithelioid leiomyosarcoma, and neuroendocrine tumors involving ribs, malignant nerve sheath tumors involving the chest wall, metastatic carcinoma of the stomach and prostate, and papillary carcinoma thyroid are reported in this series. Histopathology was available in 24 cases, and hematological correlation in one case. A 100% cytohistological and cytohematological correlation was found, with no false positives or false negatives. In conclusion, fine-needle aspiration cytology is a rapid, diagnostic tool, eliciting many interesting lesions in the chest wall. It is useful not only in detecting primary and metastatic lesions, but also in follow-up of tumor recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Goel
- Department of Cytology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (P.G.I.M.E.R.), Chandigarh, India
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Abstract
A cohort study at a tertiary care neonatal service was undertaken to determine the neurodevelopmental outcome of neonates who required intensive care. One hundred and nineteen nursery graduates were enrolled for follow up if they fulfilled any of the following risk factors: birth weight less than 1500 g, Apgar score less than 4 at 5 minutes, seizure(s), and required assisted ventilation for more than 24 hours. They were subjected to periodic clinical evaluation and administered the Bayley Scales of Infant Development in early childhood. Of the total infants enrolled, 101 completed the required follow up. They included 55 infants with birth weight < 1500 g, 45 with low Apgar scores, 12 with seizure(s) and 28 who received assisted ventilation. An overwhelming majority of subjects (85%) had normal neurodevelopmental outcome. The adverse outcome in the remaining 15 included mental retardation in all, subnormal motor development in 14, microcephaly in 1, hearing loss in 2 and visual impairment in 4. Among the neonatal risk factors, seizures, sepsis and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy had a significant association with adverse outcome. Despite serious neonatal morbidity, the early neurodevelopmental outcome of nursery graduates was reasonably good. The association of neonatal sepsis with neurodevelopmental sequelae merits a prospective evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Paul
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi
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Abstract
In this article, we have described the fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of five cases of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AILD). FNAB of these cases showed large number of capillary fragments, along with polymorphous population of cells consisting of plenty of immunoblasts, plasma cells, eosinophils, and mast cells. Two cases showed clusters of clear cells. It is essential to have detailed clinical features for FNAB diagnosis of AILD. Histopathology is advisable in all the fresh cases. FNAB is helpful for screening and follow-up of AILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Dey
- Department of Cytology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in the diagnosis of primary skin and adnexal tumors and to study the cytomorphology of various primary skin and adnexal tumors. STUDY DESIGN FNAB was routinely done in 18 cases of skin and adnexal tumors, and the cytologic diagnosis, along with detailed cytomorphology, was correlated with subsequent histology. RESULTS FNAB was done on 15 cases of primary skin tumors and 3 cases of recurrent lesions. FNAB successfully established the benign or malignant nature of skin tumors in 16 of 18 cases (88.9%). However, subtyping was possible in only 12 of 18 cases (66.7%). CONCLUSION Clinical history and physical findings are essential to the proper diagnosis of adnexal tumors. Knowing the cytologic features of primary skin neoplasms helps distinguish them from tumors metastatic to the skin and more commonly referred for FNAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Dey
- Department of Cytology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma (CPDN) is an uncommon childhood kidney tumor. CASE For the first time, in this case report we describe the cytologic features of this entity. Predominant clusters and rows of cells with occasional discrete blastemal cells on cytologic smear along with multiple hypoechoic cystic spaces on radiology suggested CPDN. CONCLUSION It is essential to diagnose CPDN preoperatively because the tumor needs only nephrectomy for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Dey
- Department of Cytology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the cytologic features of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and renal papillary adenoma in children. STUDY DESIGN Analysis of three cases of RCC and one of renal papillary adenoma. RESULTS Cytologic features of pediatric RCC were essentially the same as those seen in adults and are characterized by cells with abundant, vacuolated cytoplasm with pleomorphic nuclei. RCC should be distinguished from the more common Wilms' tumor. Cells with abundant, vacuolated cytoplasm and absence of blastemal cells were two important distinguishing features. A large number of papillae, intranuclear inclusions and magenta bodies were important cytologic features of renal papillary adenoma. CONCLUSION Cytologic features of RCC and adenoma in childhood are characteristic, and preoperative diagnosis of these cases is possible by aspiration cytology.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Dey
- Department of Cytology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Yadav K, Singh G, Budhiraja S, Radhika S. Endodermal sinus tumour of cervix--case report. Indian J Cancer 1996; 33:43-5. [PMID: 9063018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Endodermal sinus tumor of Cervix is an extremely rare cause of vaginal bleeding. Because of its rarity and interesting features, it is reported with a brief review of literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yadav
- Dept. of Pediatric Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Abstract
Changes in the expression of two proto-oncogenes, c-jun and c-Ha-ras and their modulation by MPG were studied in regenerating rat liver. A significant increase in c-jun and c-Ha-ras mRNA levels was noted after partial hepatectomy. However, the increase in c-Ha-ras mRNA was much less when compared with c-jun mRNA levels. Metallothionein (MT-I) mRNA levels showed a gradual decrease following partial hepatectomy. However, the decrease in MT-I mRNA levels was not significant when intertime comparisons were made. MPG caused a significant reduction in the levels of c-jun and c-Ha-ras mRNA in the regenerating rat liver compared to untreated controls, but had very little effect on MT-I mRNA levels. Selective reduction in the expression of proto-oncogenes by MPG suggests that MPG may affect the cell proliferation by modulating the expression of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sharma
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, India
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Abstract
The Friend murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells can be stimulated to differentiate in response to a variety of chemical inducing agents. In the present study, the effect of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on differentiation of MEL cells was investigated. Vitamin D3 induced differentiation of MEL cells in culture as determined by elevated hemoglobin content, a rise in the number of benzidine-positive cells and increase in acetylcholine esterase activity. The optimum concentration of the vitamin required to induce differentiation of MEL cells was found to be 750 nM. The pattern of induction of differentiation was similar to that observed with DMSO and the induction of differentiation by vitamin D3 was inhibited by dexamethasone.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Radhika
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, India
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