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Overexpression of VEGF-B alters cardiac lipid metabolism and predisposes to heart failure. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The compensatory phase of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is characterised by sufficient mitochondrial density and energy production, but prolonged stress leads to cardiac decompensation and decreased mitochondrial biogenesis. This results in energy deficiency and compromised contractile ability, eventually leading to heart failure (HF). Vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGF-B) is a potent inducer of cardiac angiogenesis and LVH, and more recently it has been associated with lipid metabolism and cardiac function. However, its exact role in these processes has remained unresolved.
Purpose
We wanted to elucidate the effects of VEGF-B overexpression on cardiac metabolism and the development of LVH and HF.
Methods
We used mice expressing VEGF-B transgene under cardiac-specific MHCα promoter and induced pressure overload with angiotensin II infusion. We monitored the cardiac function with high-resolution transthoracic echocardiography and performed immunohistochemical analyses to assess the level of cardiac fibrosis. Furthermore, we analyzed cardiac lipid metabolism with non-targeted LC-MS metabolite profiling and performed functional 3H -labelled triolein uptake studies combined with quantitative RT-PCR.
Results
In this study, we show that the cardiac-specific overexpression of VEGF-B leads to increased plasma triglyceride and free fatty acid levels but reduced cardiac lipid accumulation. Non-targeted LC-MS profiling analysis revealed that the level of cardiac glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids were significantly downregulated although changes in cardiac lipid uptake on functional or gene expression level were not detected. To assess how these metabolic changes affect the development of LVH and HF, we subjected MHCα-VEGF-B mice to angiotensin II infusion. Surprisingly, the survival of MHCα-VEGF-B mice dramatically started to decline after four days of angiotensin II infusion and was only 30% at the 14-day time point. Echocardiographic measurements revealed that the MHCα-VEGF-B mice developed severe HF seen as reduced ejection fraction when compared to control mice (32.2% vs. 64.2% respectively), significantly increased LV end-diastolic diameter and LV volume when compared to the controls. VEGF-B overexpression during pressure overload resulted in severe cardiac fibrosis and downregulation of genes responsible for lipid and glucose uptake, metabolic regulation and mitochondrial function indicating severe cardiac energy deficit. Interestingly, a high fat diet feeding prevented the development of HFrEF by 100% and the suppression of all metabolic pathways.
Conclusion
VEGF-B regulates cardiac energy production and the overexpression of VEGF-B results in cardiac energy deficit that during pressure overload leads to HFrEF and severe mortality.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – EU funding. Main funding source(s): ERC and H2020
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Single cell profiling of adipose tissue in atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac066.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Academy of Finland
Sigrid Jusélius Foundation
Adipose tissue influences the physiological and pathological processes in our body by regulating lipid storage and metabolic homeostasis. Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic and complex assemblage consisting of polysaccharides, proteogylcans and signalling proteins. Though both adipocytes and non- adipose cells of the stromal fraction contribute to ECM maintenance, role of adipose tissue ECM in the disease remains poorly characterised. High fat diet (HFD) and obesity represent major risk factors for atherosclerosis. Our overall aim in this study was to understand HFD induced changes in the adipose tissue during atherosclerosis progression using single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), to identify the ligands responsible for changes in the expression of ECM components and to characterise the role of ECM protein fibrillin in disease associated tissue changes.
We performed scRNA-seq in the adipose tissue of control mice and atherosclerotic LDLR-/- / ApoB100/100 subjected to 1 (early disease) or 3 months (advanced disease) of HFD. This allowed us to identify 13 different cell types in the adipose tissue of the diseased mice. Among them, we identified mesenchymal cells (MSC) undergoing changes from putatively adipogenic to fibrogenic cells. The differentially expressed genes in the MSC population exhibited functions related to ECM development, maintenance and signalling. We identified Fibrillin-1 (Fbn1) as one of the most prominent up regulated genes and studied the effect of Fbn1 knockout in ApoE-/- Fbn1C1039G+/- mice. The Fbn1 knockout mice model suited our experimental design to study the adipose tissue during atherosclerosis as the mice developed significantly large and unstable plaques characterised by large necrotic core. Our results demonstrated that adipose tissue expresses a new subtype with HFD in Fbn1 knockout mice, which could be associated with insulin resistance and fat accumulation. Fbn1 knockout led to an altered phenotype of MSCs (or adipocytes) in adipose tissue.
Altogether, our analysis provides the first steps toward understanding the role of MSCs in ECM-related changes during atherosclerosis and HFD stimulation.
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Long-term safety and efficacy of intramyocardial adenovirus-mediated VEGF-DΔNΔC gene therapy: eight-year follow-up of phase 1 KAT301 study. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.3441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Backgound/Introduction
In phase I KAT301 trial, adenovirus-mediated intramyocardial vascular endothelial growth factor-DΔNΔC (VEGF-D) gene therapy (GT) resulted in a significant improvement in myocardial perfusion reserve and relieved angina at 1-year follow-up without major safety concerns.
Purpose
Our objective was to investigate the long-term safety and efficacy of AdVEGF-D GT. A total of 30 patients (24 VEGF-D and 6 randomized and blinded controls) participated in KAT301 trial.
Methods
The mean follow-up time was 8.2 years (range 6.3–10.4 years). Patients were interviewed for the current severity of symptoms (Canadian Cardiovascular Society class, CCS) and perceived benefit from GT. Medical records were reviewed to assess the incidence of major cardiovascular adverse events (MACEs) and other predefined endpoints including cancer.
Results
MACE occurred in 15 patients in VEGF-D group and in five patients in control group (21.5 vs. 24.9 per 100 patient-years; hazard ratio 0.90; 95% confidence interval 0.09–9.32; P=0.95). Mortality and comorbidity were similar between the groups. Angina symptoms (CCS) were less severe compared to baseline in VEGF-D group (1.9 vs. 2.9; P=0.006) but not in control group (2.2 vs. 2.6; P=0.414).
Conclusion(s)
Our study indicates that intramyocardial AdVEGF-D GT is safe in the long-term. In addition, the relief of symptoms remained significant during the follow-up.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public hospital(s). Main funding source(s): Kuopio University Hospital Heart Center Figure 1. The incidence of MACEFigure 2. CCS class
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P1612The ablation of VEGFR-1 signaling promotes angiotensin II induced cardiac dysfunction and sudden death. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Concentric left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and diastolic dysfunction develops as an adaptive response to pressure overload. Eventually this may lead to decompensated hypertrophy characterised by interstitial fibrosis, contractile dysfunction as well as changes in metabolism and electrophysiology, consequentially triggering heart failure. The molecular mechanisms involved in cardiac remodelling are not fully understood but maladaptive angiogenesis could promote the transition from adaptive LVH to decompensated heart failure. Angiogenesis is mediated by vascular endothelial growth factors but their role in LVH has remained unresolved.
Purpose
In this study, we wanted to investigate whether vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR-1) signaling has a role in the progression of LVH and development of heart failure.
Methods
We used wild type littermate controls and domain specific knock out mouse lacking the intracellular VEGFR-1 tyrosine kinase domain (VEGFR-1 TK−/−) and induced pathological hypertrophy with subcutaneous angiotensin II infusion. We examined the cardiac function with echocardiography and acquired surface ECG signal during the development of LVH. Mice were followed up for 14 days before sacrification and sample collection. Cross-sectional cardiac samples were stained with Masson's trichrome to assess the level of fibrosis and immunostained for lectin to determine capillary area. Additionally, we performed a CD31 whole mount staining to visualise capillary 3D network. To analyse changes in gene expression levels, we performed RT qPCR measurements.
Results
VEGFR-1 TK deficiency led to increased mortality (33.3%) and lack of adaptive LVH. Whereas wild type mice responded to angiotensin II infusion with a significant increase in ejection fraction (55.5% to 69.9%) within the first 6 days, VEGFR-1 TK−/− mice displayed a 5.2% decrease and without adaptive thickening of the LV anterior wall. The most striking difference was seen in LV volume, where wild type mice displayed a 63.3% reduction but in VEGFR-1 TK−/− mice it remained unaltered after angiotensin II infusion. Histological analyses showed that VEGFR-1 TK−/− mice displayed significant cardiomyocyte hypertrophy combined with ventricular dilatation but without changes in fibrosis or angiogenesis. ECG analysis revealed that VEGFR-1 TK−/− mice exhibited widening of the QRS complex, similar to human LVH, and this was accompanied by increased ANP/BNP levels.
Conclusions
In this study, we show that the ablation of VEGFR-1 TK signaling has an unexpected role in pressure overload inducing mortality. VEGFR-1 TK−/− mice displayed dilated LVH and a protracted response to angiotensin II infusion, suggesting that VEGFR-1 signaling is required for the adaptive response and concentric hypertrophy of the myocardium.
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P3099Lymphatic insufficiency increases cardiac edema after myocardial infarction as assessed by novel magnetic resonance TRAFFn and T2 relaxation times. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The role of cardiac lymphatic system in myocardial infarction (MI) is still unclear. A new method to detect and characterize MI without contrast agent is a relaxation along a fictitious field in nth rotating frame (RAFFn). The RAFFn takes advantage of the fictitious magnetic field, which is produced by a fast sweep of an effective radio frequency field, to increase a spin locking field strength without increasing the specific absorption rate. MI is detected as increased RAFFn relaxation times and cardiac edema by an increased T2 relaxation time. We have shown earlier that MI size can be accurately measured by the RAFFn relaxation times.
Purpose
To study the effects of the lack of cardiac lymphatic system on MI and cardiac edema in a mouse model.
Methods
Transgenic (TG) mice expressing soluble decoy VEGF receptor 3 (sVEGFR3) thus blocking lymphatic vessel formation in the heart and wild type (WT) control mice were used. MI was induced in 13–17 week old TG (n=11) and WT (n=14) mice by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. The RAFFn (TRAFF2 and TRAFF4), a continuous wave T1ρ and a T2 relaxation times were acquired at time points 0, 3, 7 and 21 days after the MI at 9.4 T. Histological sections were stained with hematoxylin eosin and Sirius red to assess cellularity and MI area. An Area of difference (AOD) was determined by subtracting MI areas based on TRAFF2, TRAFF4 and T1ρ maps from MI area based on T2 maps.
Results
MI size based on the TRAFF4 and T2 relaxation time maps were larger at early time points 3 and 7 days post MI in the WT group compared to the TG group (Figure 1A-B, p<0.05). However, the MI size was significantly larger in the T2 relaxation time map in the TG group compared to the WT group at the last time point and interaction between the groups were significant as a function of time (Figure 1A-B, p<0.05). The AOD values, which reflect cardiac edema, increased in the TG group as a function of time (Figure 1C, p<0.001). TRAFF2, TRAFF4 (Figure 1D), T1ρ and T2 relaxation times increased significantly (≈50%, p<0.001) after the MI compared to remote areas in both groups. In the WT group, the lymphatic vessel network is fully functional and removes edema efficiently between days 3 and 21 after the MI, while in the TG group the MI area in T2 map is relative stable indicating insufficient edema removal, caused by the lymphatic deficiency and insufficient lymphangiogenesis in the TG group. The MIs were also verified based on Sirius red stained histology (Figure 1E).
Figure 1
Conclusion
Lymphatic deficiency increases cardiac edema (AOD values) 7–21 days after MI as compared to the WT group. Results support the importance of cardiac lymphatic vessels for healing after MI. Effects of the lymphatics on MI can be detected based on the MI size difference based on the TRAFFn and the T2 relaxation times.
Acknowledgement/Funding
Doctoral Programme of Molecular Medicine
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P5593AdVEGF-D induces functional angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in ischemic heart. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.p5593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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P2994VEGF-B knockout rescues hyperlipidaemia and altered chylomicron metabolism induced by VEGF-D knockout in atherogenic mouse model. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p2994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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973VEGF-B induces cardiac arrhythmias by stimulating sympathetic nerve growth in the myocardium. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Poster session 1Cell growth, differentiation and stem cells - Heart72Understanding the metabolism of cardiac progenitor cells: a first step towards controlling their proliferation and differentiation?73Expression of pw1/peg3 identifies a new cardiac adult stem cell population involved in post-myocardial infarction remodeling74Long-term stimulation of iPS-derived cardiomyocytes using optogenetic techniques to promote phenotypic changes in E-C coupling75Benefits of electrical stimulation on differentiation and maturation of cardiomyocytes from human induced pluripotent stem cells76Constitutive beta-adrenoceptor-mediated cAMP production controls spontaneous automaticity of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes77Formation and stability of T-tubules in cardiomyocytes78Identification of miRNAs promoting human cardiomyocyte proliferation by regulating Hippo pathway79A direct comparison of foetal to adult epicardial cell activation reveals distinct differences relevant for the post-injury response80Role of neuropilins in zebrafish heart regeneration81Highly efficient immunomagnetic purification of cardiomyocytes derived from human pluripotent stem cells82Cardiac progenitor cells posses a molecular circadian clock and display large 24-hour oscillations in proliferation and stress tolerance83Influence of sirolimus and everolimus on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell biology84Endoglin is important for epicardial behaviour following cardiac injuryCell death and apoptosis - Heart87Ultrastructural alterations reflecting Ca2+ handling and cell-to-cell coupling disorders precede occurrence of severe arrhythmias in intact animal heart88Urocortin-1 promotes cardioprotection through ERK1/2 and EPAC pathways: role in apoptosis and necrosis89Expression p38 MAPK and Cas-3 in myocardium LV of rats with experimental heart failure at melatonin and enalapril introductionTranscriptional control and RNA species - Heart92Accumulation of beta-amyloid 1-40 in HF patients: the role of lncRNA BACE1-AS93Role of miR-182 in zebrafish and mouse models of Holt-Oram syndrome94Mir-27 distinctly regulates muscle-enriched transcription factors and growth factors in cardiac and skeletal muscle cells95AF risk factors impair PITX2 expression leading to Wnt-microRNA-ion channel remodelingCytokines and cellular inflammation - Heart98Post-infarct survival depends on the interplay of monocytes, neutrophils and interferon gamma in a mouse model of myocardial Infarction99Inflammatory cd11b/c cells play a protective role in compensated cardiac hypertrophy by promoting an orai3-related pro-survival signal100Anti-inflammatory effects of endothelin receptor blockade in the atrial tissue of spontaneously hypertensive rats101Mesenchymal stromal cells reduce NLRP3 inflammasome activity in Coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis102Mesenchymal stromal cells modulate monocytes trafficking in Coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis103The impact of regulatory T lymphocytes on long-term mortality in patients with chronic heart failure104Temporal dynamics of dendritic cells after ST-elevation myocardial infarction relate with improvement of myocardial functionGrowth factors and neurohormones - Heart107Preconditioning of hypertrophied heart: miR-1 and IGF-1 crosstalk108Modulation of catecholamine secretion from human adrenal chromaffin cells by manipulation of G protein-coupled receptor kinase-2 activity109Evaluation of cyclic adenosin-3,5- monophosphate and neurohormones in patients with chronic heart failureNitric oxide and reactive oxygen species - Heart112Hydrogen sulfide donor inhibits oxidative and nitrosative stress, cardiohemodynamics disturbances and restores cNOS coupling in old rats113Role and mechanisms of action of aldehydes produced by monoamine oxidase A in cardiomyocyte death and heart failure114Exercise training has contrasting effects in myocardial infarction and pressure-overload due to different endothelial nitric oxide synthase regulation115S-Nitroso Human Serum Albumin dose-dependently leads to vasodilation and alters reactive hyperaemia in coronary arteries of an isolated mouse heart model116Modulating endothelial nitric oxide synthase with folic acid attenuates doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy119Effects of long-term very high intensity exercise on aortic structure and function in an animal model120Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy quantification of nitrosylated hemoglobin (HbNO) as an index of vascular nitric oxide bioavailability in vivo121Deletion of repressor activator protein 1 impairs acetylcholine-induced relaxation due to production of reactive oxygen speciesExtracellular matrix and fibrosis - Heart124MicroRNA-19b is associated with myocardial collagen cross-linking in patients with severe aortic stenosis. Potential usefulness as a circulating biomarker125A new ex vivo model to study cardiac fibrosis126Heterogeneity of fibrosis and fibroblast differentiation in the left ventricle after myocardial infarction127Effect of carbohydrate metabolism degree compensation to the level of galectin-3 changes in hypertensive patients with chronic heart failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus128Statin paradox in association with calcification of bicuspid aortic valve interstitial cells129Cardiac function remains impaired despite reversible cardiac fibrosis after healed experimental viral myocarditisIon channels, ion exchangers and cellular electrophysiology - Heart132Identifying a novel role for PMCA1 (Atp2b1) in heart rhythm instability133Mutations of the caveolin-3 gene as a predisposing factor for cardiac arrhythmias134The human sinoatrial node action potential: time for a computational model135iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes as a model to dissect ion current alterations of genetic atrial fibrillation136Postextrasystolic potentiation in healthy and diseased hearts: effects of the site of origin and coupling interval of the preceding extrasystole137Absence of Nav1.8-based (late) sodium current in rabbit cardiomyocytes and human iPSC-CMs138hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes from Brugada Syndrome patients without identified mutations do not exhibit cellular electrophysiological abnormalitiesMicrocirculation141Atherogenic indices, collagen type IV turnover and the development of microvascular complications- study in diabetics with arterial hypertension142Changes in the microvasculature and blood viscosity in women with rheumatoid arthritis, hypercholesterolemia and hypertensionAtherosclerosis145Shear stress regulates endothelial autophagy: consequences on endothelial senescence and atherogenesis146Obstructive sleep apnea causes aortic remodeling in a chronic murine model147Aortic perivascular adipose tissue displays an aged phenotype in early and late atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice148A systematic evaluation of the cellular innate immune response during the process of human atherosclerosis149Inhibition of Coagulation factor Xa increases plaque stability and attenuates the onset and progression of atherosclerotic plaque in apolipoprotein e-deficient mice150Regulatory CD4+ T cells from patients with atherosclerosis display pro-inflammatory skewing and enhanced suppression function151Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha regulates macrophage energy metabolism by mediating miRNAs152Extracellular S100A4 is a key player of smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition: implications in atherosclerosis153Microparticles of healthy origins improve atherosclerosis-associated endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction via microRNA transfer154Arterial remodeling and metabolism impairment in early atherosclerosis155Role of pannexin1 in atherosclerotic plaque formationCalcium fluxes and excitation-contraction coupling158Amphiphysin II induces tubule formation in cardiac cells159Interleukin 1 beta regulation of connexin 43 in cardiac fibroblasts and the effects of adult cardiac myocyte:fibroblast co-culture on myocyte contraction160T-tubular electrical defects contribute to blunted beta-adrenergic response in heart failure161Beat-to-beat variability of intracellular Ca2+ dynamics of Purkinje cells in the infarct border zone of the mouse heart revealed by rapid-scanning confocal microscopy162The efficacy of late sodium current blockers in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is dependent on genotype: a study on transgenic mouse models with different mutations163Synthesis of cADPR and NAADP by intracellular CD38 in heart: role in inotropic and arrhythmogenic effects of beta-adrenoceptor signalingContractile apparatus166Towards an engineered heart tissue model of HCM using hiPSC expressing the ACTC E99K mutation167Diastolic mechanical load delays structural and functional deterioration of ultrathin adult heart slices in culture168Structural investigation of the cardiac troponin complex by molecular dynamics169Exercise training restores myocardial and oxidative skeletal muscle function from myocardial infarction heart failure ratsOxygen sensing, ischaemia and reperfusion172A novel antibody specific to full-length stromal derived factor-1 alpha reveals that remote conditioning induces its cleavage by endothelial dipeptidyl peptidase 4173Attenuation of myocardial and vascular arginase activity by vagal nerve stimulation via a mechanism involving alpha-7 nicotinic receptor during cardiac ischemia and reperfusion174Novel nanoparticle-mediated medicine for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury simultaneously targeting mitochondrial injury and myocardial inflammation175Acetylcholine plays a key role in myocardial ischaemic preconditioning via recruitment of intrinsic cardiac ganglia176The role of nitric oxide and VEGFR-2 signaling in post ischemic revascularization and muscle recovery in aged hypercholesterolemic mice177Efficacy of ischemic preconditioning to protect the human myocardium: the role of clinical conditions and treatmentsCardiomyopathies and fibrosis180Plakophilin-2 haploinsufficiency leads to impaired canonical Wnt signaling in ARVC patient181Improved technique for customized, easier, safer and more reliable transverse aortic arch banding and debanding in mice as a model of pressure overload hypertrophy182Late sodium current inhibitors for the treatment of inducible obstruction and diastolic dysfunction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a study on human myocardium183Angiotensin II receptor antagonist fimasartan has protective role of left ventricular fibrosis and remodeling in the rat ischemic heart184Role of High-Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) redox state on cardiac fibroblasts activities and heart function after myocardial infarction185Atrial remodeling in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: insights from mouse models carrying different mutations in cTnT186Electrophysiological abnormalities in ventricular cardiomyocytes from a Maine Coon cat with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: effects of ranolazine187ZBTB17 is a novel cardiomyopathy candidate gene and regulates autophagy in the heart188Inhibition of SRSF4 in cardiomyocytes induces left ventricular hypertrophy189Molecular characterization of a novel cardiomyopathy related desmin frame shift mutation190Autonomic characterisation of electro-mechanical remodeling in an in-vitro leporine model of heart failure191Modulation of Ca2+-regulatory function by three novel mutations in TNNI3 associated with severe infant restrictive cardiomyopathyAging194The aging impact on cardiac mesenchymal like stromal cells (S+P+)195Reversal of premature aging markers after bariatric surgery196Sex-associated differences in vascular remodeling during aging: role of renin-angiotensin system197Role of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) in age dependent left ventricle dysfunctionsGenetics and epigenetics200hsa-miR-21-5p as a key factor in aortic remodeling during aneurysm formation201Co-inheritance of mutations associated with arrhythmogenic and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in two Italian families202Lamin a/c hot spot codon 190: form various amino acid substitutions to clinical effects203Treatment with aspirin and atorvastatin attenuate cardiac injury induced by rat chest irradiation: Implication of myocardial miR-1, miR-21, connexin-43 and PKCGenomics, proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics and glycomics206Differential phosphorylation of desmin at serines 27 and 31 drives the accumulation of preamyloid oligomers in heart failure207Potential role of kinase Akt2 in the reduced recovery of type 2 diabetic hearts subjected to ischemia / reperfusion injury208A proteomics comparison of extracellular matrix remodelling in porcine coronary arteries upon stent implantationMetabolism, diabetes mellitus and obesity211Targeting grk2 as therapeutic strategy for cancer associated to diabetes212Effects of salbutamol on large arterial stiffness in patients with metabolic syndrome213Circulating microRNA-1 and microRNA-133a: potential biomarkers of myocardial steatosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus214Anti-inflammatory nutrigenomic effects of hydroxytyrosol in human adipocytes - protective mechanisms of mediterranean diets in obesity-related inflammation215Alterations in the metal content of different cardiac regions within a rat model of diabetic cardiomyopathyTissue engineering218A novel conductive patch for application in cardiac tissue engineering219Establishment of a simplified and improved workflow from neonatal heart dissociation to cardiomyocyte purification and characterization220Effects of flexible substrate on cardiomyocytes cell culture221Mechanical stretching on cardiac adipose progenitors upregulates sarcomere-related genes. Cardiovasc Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Poster session 2Morphogenetic mechanisms290MiR-133 regulates retinoic acid pathway during early cardiac chamber specification291Bmp2 regulates atrial differentiation through miR-130 during early heart looping formationDevelopmental genetics294Association of deletion allele of insertion/deletion polymorphism in alpha 2B adrenoceptor gene and hypertension with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus295Association of G1359A polymorphism of the endocannabinoid type 1 receptor (CNR1) with coronary artery disease (CAD) with type 2 diabetes mellitusCell growth, differentiation and stem cells - Vascular298Gamma-secretase inhibitor prevents proliferation and migration of ductus arteriosus smooth muscle cells: a role of Notch signaling in postnatal closure of ductus arteriosus299Mesenchymal stromal-like cells (MLCs) derived from induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells: a promising therapeutic option to promote neovascularization300Sonic Hedgehog promotes mesenchymal stem cell differentiation to vascular smooth muscle cells in cardiovacsular disease301Proinflammatory cytokine secretion and epigenetic modification in endothelial cells treated LPS-GinfivalisCell death and apoptosis - Vascular304Mitophagy acts as a safeguard mechanism against human vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis induced by atherogenic lipidsTranscriptional control and RNA species - Vascular307MicroRNA-34a role in vascular calcification308Local delivery of a miR-146a inhibitor utilizing a clinically applicable approach attenuates neointima formation after vascular injury309Long noncoding RNA landscape of hypoxic endothelial cells310Specific circulating microRNAs levels associate with hypertension, hyperglycemia and dysfunctional HDL in acute coronary syndrome patientsCytokines and cellular inflammation - Vascular313Phosphodiesterase5A up-regulation in vascular endothelium under pro-inflammatory conditions: a newly disclosed anti-inflammatory activity for the omega-3polyunsaturated aatty acid docosahexaenoic acid314Cardiovascular risk modifying with extra-low dose anticytokine drugs in rhematoid arthritis315Conversion of human M-CSF macrophages into foam cells reduces their proinflammatory responses to classical M1-polarizing activation316Lymphocytic myocarditis coincides with increased plaque inflammation and plaque hemorrhage in coronary arteries, facilitating myocardial infarction317Serum osteoprotegerin level predictsdeclined numerous of circulating endothelial- derived and mononuclear-derived progenitor cells in patients with metabolic syndromeGrowth factors and neurohormones - Vascular320Effect of gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) on vascular inflammationSignal transduction - Heart323A new synthetic peptide regulates hypertrophy in vitro through means of the inhibition of nfkb324Inducible fibroblast-specific knockout of p38 alpha map kinase is cardioprotective in a mouse model of isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy325Regulation of beta-adrenoceptor-evoked inotropic responses by inhibitory G protein, adenylyl cyclase isoforms 5 and 6 and phosphodiesterases326Binding to RGS3 and stimulation of M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors modulates the substrate specificity of p190RhoGAP in cardiac myocytes327Cardiac regulation of post-translational modifications, parylation and deacetylation in LMNA dilated cardiomyopathy mouse model328Beta-adrenergic regulation of the b56delta/pp2a holoenzyme in cardiac myocytes through b56delta phosphorylation at serine 573Nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species - Vascular331Oxidative stress-induced miR-200c disrupts the regulatory loop among SIRT1, FOXO1 and eNOS332Antioxidant therapy prevents oxidative stress-induced endothelial dysfunction and Enhances Wound Healing333Morphological and biochemical characterization of red blood cell in coronary artery diseaseCytoskeleton and mechanotransduction - Heart336Novel myosin activator, JSH compounds, increased myocardial contractility without chronotropic effect in ratsExtracellular matrix and fibrosis - Vascular339Ablation of Toll-like receptor 9 causes cardiac rupture after myocardial infarction by attenuating proliferation and differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts340Altered vascular remodeling in the mouse hind limb ischemia model in Factor VII activating protease (FSAP) deficiencyVasculogenesis, angiogenesis and arteriogenesis343Pro-angiogenic effects of proly-hydroxylase inhibitors and their potential for use in a novel strategy of therapeutic angiogenesis for coronary total occlusion344Nrf2 drives angiogenesis in transcription-independent manner: new function of the master regulator of oxidative stress response345Angiogenic gene therapy, despite efficient vascular growth, is not able to improve muscle function in normoxic or chronically ischemic rabbit hindlimbs -role of capillary arterialization and shunting346Effect of PAR-1 inhibition on collateral vessel growth in the murine hind limb model347Quaking is a key regulator of endothelial cell differentiation, neovascularization and angiogenesis348"Emerging angiogenesis" in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). An in vivo study349Exosomes from cardiomyocyte progenitor cells and mesenchymal stem cells stimulate angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo via EMMPRINEndothelium352Reciprocal regulation of GRK2 and bradykinin receptor stimulation modulate Ca2+ intracellular level in endothelial cells353The roles of bone morphogenetic proteins 9 and 10 in endothelial inflammation and atherosclerosis354The contribution of GPR55 to the L-alpha-lysophosphatidylinositol-induced vasorelaxation in isolated human pulmonary arteries355The endothelial protective ACE inhibitor Zofenoprilat exerts anti-inflammatory activities through H2S production356A new class of glycomimetic drugs to prevent free fatty acid-induced endothelial dysfunction357Endothelial progenitor cells to apoptotic endothelial cell-derived microparticles ration differentiatesas preserved from reduced ejection fractionheart failure358Proosteogenic genes are activated in endothelial cells of patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm359Endothelin ETB receptors mediate relaxing responses to insulin in pericardial resistance arteries from patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD)Smooth muscle and pericytes362CX3CR1 positive myeloid cells regulate vascular smooth muscle tone by inducing calcium oscillations via activation of IP3 receptors363A novel function of PI3Kg on cAMP regulation, role in arterial wall hyperplasia through modulation of smooth muscle cells proliferation364NRP1 and NRP2 play important roles in the development of neointimal hyperplasia in vivo365Azithromycin induces autophagy in aortic smooth muscle cellsCoagulation, thrombosis and platelets368The real time in vivo evaluation of platelet-dependent aldosterone prothrombotic action in mice369Development of a method for in vivo detection of active thrombi in mice370The antiplatelet effects of structural analogs of the taurine chloramine371The influence of heparin anticoagulant drugs on functional state of human platelets372Regulation of platelet aggregation and adenosine diphosphate release by d dimer in acute coronary syndrome (in vitro study)Oxygen sensing, ischaemia and reperfusion375Sirtuin 5 mediates brain injury in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion376Abscisic acid: a new player in cardiomyocyte protection from ischaemia?377Protective effects of ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide (PEA-um) in myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion injury in vivo378Identification of stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes using cardiac specific markers and additional testing of these cells in simulated ischemia/reperfusion system379Single-dose intravenous metformin treatment could afford significant protection of the injured rat kidney in an experimental model of ischemia-reperfusion380Cardiotoxicity of long acting muscarinic receptor antagonists used for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease381Dependence antioxidant potential on the concentration of amino acids382The impact of ischemia-reperfusion on physiological parameters,apoptosis and ultrastructure of rabbit myocardium with experimental aterosclerosisMitochondria and energetics385MicroRNA-1 dependent regulation of mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) in normal and hypertrophied hearts386Mitochondrial homeostasis and cardioprotection: common targets for desmin and aB-crystallin387Overexpression of mitofusin-2 (Mfn2) and associated mitochondrial dysfunction in the diabetic heart388NO-dependent prevention of permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening by H2S and its regulation of Ca2+ accumulation in rat heart mitochondria389G protein coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) is fundamental in recovering mitochondrial morphology and function after exposure to ionizing radiation (IR)Gender issues392Sex differences in pulmonary vascular control; focus on the nitric oxide pathwayAging395Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction develops when feeding western diet to senescence-accelerated mice396Cardiovascular markers as predictors of cognitive decline in elderly hypertensive patients397Changes in connexin43 in old rats with volume overload chronic heart failureGenetics and epigenetics400Calcium content in the aortic valve is associated with 1G>2G matrix metalloproteinase 1 polymorphism401Neuropeptide receptor gene s (NPSR1) polymorphism and sleep disturbances402Endothelin-1 gene Lys198Asn polymorphism in men with essential hypertension complicated and uncomplicated with chronic heart failure403Association of common polymorphisms of the lipoprotein lipase and pon1 genes with the metabolic syndrome in a sample of community participantsGenomics, proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics and glycomics405Gene expression quantification using multiplexed color-coded probe pairs to determine RNA content in sporadic cardiac myxoma406Large-scale phosphorylation study of the type 2 diabetic heart subjected to ischemia / reperfusion injury407Transcriptome-based identification of new anti-inflammatory properties of the olive oil hydroxytyrosol in vascular endothelial cell under basal and proinflammatory conditions408Gene polymorphisms combinations and risk of myocardial infarctionComputer modelling, bioinformatics and big data411Comparison of the repolarization reserve in three state-of-the-art models of the human ventricular action potentialMetabolism, diabetes mellitus and obesity414Endothelial monocyte-activating polypeptide-II improves heart function in type -I Diabetes mellitus415Admission glucose level is independent predictor of impaired left ventricular function in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a two dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography study416Association between biochemical markers of lipid profile and inflammatory reaction and stiffness of the vascular wall in hypertensive patients with abdominal obesity417Multiple common co-morbidities produce left ventricular diastolic dysfunction associated with coronary microvascular dysfunction, oxidative stress and myocardial stiffening418Investigating the cardiovascular effects of antiretroviral drugs in a lean and high fat/sucrose diet rat model of obesity419Statins in the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Our experience from a 2-year prospective study in Constanta County, Romania420Epicardial adipose tissue as a predictor of cardiovascular outcome in patients with ACS undergoing PCI?Arterial and pulmonary hypertension423Dependence between heart rhythm disorers and ID polymorphism of ACE gene in hypertensive patients424Molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of Urocortin 2 in pulmonary arterial hypertension425Inhibition of TGf-b axis and action of renin-angiotensin system in human ascending aorta aneurysms426Early signs of microcirculation and macrocirculation abnormalities in prehypertension427Vascular smooth muscle cell-expressed Tie-2 controls vascular tone428Cardiac and vascular remodelling in the development of chronic thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension in a novel swine modelBiomarkers431Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy: a new, non invasive biomarker432Can circulating microRNAs distinguish type 1 and type 2 myocardial infarction?433Design of a high-throughput multiplex proteomics assay to identify left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in diabetes434Monocyte-derived and P-selectin-carrying microparticles are differently modified by a low fat diet in patients with cardiovascular risk factors who will and who will not develop a cardiovascular event435Red blood cell distribution width assessment by polychromatic interference microscopy of thin films in chronic heart failure436Invasive and noninvasive evaluation of quality of radiofrequency-induced cardiac denervation in patients with atrial fibrillation437The effect of therapeutic hypothermia on the level of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in sera following cardiopulmonary resustitation438Novel biomarkers to predict outcome in patients with heart failure and severe aortic stenosis439Biological factors linking depression and anxiety to cardiovascular disease440Troponins and myoglobin dynamic at coronary arteries graftingInvasive, non-invasive and molecular imaging443Diet composition effects on the genetic typing of the mouse ob mutation: a micro-ultrasound characterization of cardiac function, macro and micro circulation and liver steatosis444Characterization of pig coronary and rabbit aortic lesions using IV-OCT quantitative analysis: correlations with histologyGene therapy and cell therapy447Enhancing the survival and angiogenic potential of mouse atrial mesenchymal cells448VCAM-1 expression in experimental myocardial infarction and its relation to bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell retentionTissue engineering451Advanced multi layered scaffold that increases the maturity of stem cell-derived human cardiomyocytes452Response of engineered heart tissue to simulated ischemia/reperfusion in the presence of acute hyperglycemic conditions453Serum albumin hydrogels prevent de-differentiation of neonatal cardiomyocytes454A novel paintbrush technique for transfer of low viscosity ultraviolet light curable cyan methacrylate on saline immersed in-vitro sheep heart. Cardiovasc Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Poster Session 1: Sunday 3 May 2015, 08:30-18:00 * Room: Poster Area. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jev051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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P198Chronic, atherosclerosis-like ischemia model in hypercholesterolemic rabbits reveals a challenge for angiogenic gene therapy. Cardiovasc Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu082.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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P199The muscle recovery potential of vegf gene therapy in a mouse model of hindlimb ischemia. Cardiovasc Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu082.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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The effects of VEGF-A on atherosclerosis, lipoprotein profile and lipoprotein lipase in hyperlipidemic mouse models. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht308.p2386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Gene transfer using vammin induces robust angiogenesis and increases ejection fraction in ischemic porcine myocardium. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht309.3678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Blocking lymphatic vessel function with soluble VEGFR3 in atherosclerotic mouse model alters lipoprotein metabolism and enhances atherogenesis. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht308.971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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404 EVALUATION OF A DIABETIC RABBIT MODEL FOR IN-STENT RESTENOSIS. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(11)70405-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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377 EFFECTS OF TACROLIMUS-ELUTING STENTS IN A DIABETIC RABBIT MODEL OF IN-STENT RESTENOSIS. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(11)70378-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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THE EFFECT OF VEGF-A GENE TRANSFER ON ATHEROSCLEROSIS, LIPOPROTEIN PROFILES AND LPL ACTIVITY. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(08)70117-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Gene Transfer as a Tool to Induce Therapeutic Vascular Growth in Plastic Surgery. HANDCHIR MIKROCHIR P 2005; 37:375-82. [PMID: 16388452 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-872984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sufficient tissue blood perfusion is critical for wound healing and for reconstructions in plastic surgery. There is considerable interest in the use of therapeutic angiogenesis to improve survival of ischemic flaps and to improve wound healing. Several growth factors have been tested in experimental flap models. Clinically, angiogenic therapy has been extensively studied in cardiovascular ischemic diseases and several clinical studies are ongoing in human patients. Results from these cardiovascular trials will benefit the planning of clinical trials in the field of plastic surgery. Furthermore, the development of strategies for local and controlled induction of lymphangiogenesis will hopefully improve the treatment of edema.
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Clinical significance of apoptotic index in non-small cell lung cancer: correlation with p53, mdm2, pRb and p21WAF1/CIP1 protein expression. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2005; 131:617-23. [PMID: 16028106 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-005-0010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2005] [Accepted: 05/11/2005] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic relevance of apoptotic index (AI), considered alone or together with expression of several proteins controlling G1 check point (p53, mdm2, pRb and p21WAF1/CIP1) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. METHODS Study group included 50 NSCLC patients who underwent curative pulmonary resection. Apoptosis was detected with the use of TUNEL technique and AI was defined as the number of apoptotic cells per 1,000 tumor cells. The expression of p53, mdm2, pRb and p21WAF1/CIP1 was assessed immunohistochemically. RESULTS The mean and median AI calculated for all 50 patients was 14 and 9, respectively. Patients with lower (<14) and higher (> or =14) AI constituted 35 (70%) and 15 (30%) of cases, respectively. AI was not correlated with patient clinical characteristics, and expression of p53, pRb and p21WAF1/CIP1 . However, lower AI was correlated with over-expression of mdm2 protein (P=0.04). Median survival for patients with lower and higher AI was 43 months and 22 months, respectively, and 5-year survival probability-60 and 25%, respectively (P=0.03). In multivariate analysis, the only variable associated with shortened survival was AI (P=0.03, HR=2.9, 95% CI 1.95-3.86). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that AI correlates with mdm2 protein expression and influences survival in NSCLC.
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1WS05-1 Preclinical and clinical experience from cardiovascular gene therapy with VEGF. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(03)90067-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
Primary human lymphedema (Milroy's disease), characterized by a chronic and disfiguring swelling of the extremities, is associated with heterozygous inactivating missense mutations of the gene encoding vascular endothelial growth factor C/D receptor (VEGFR-3). Here, we describe a mouse model and a possible treatment for primary lymphedema. Like the human patients, the lymphedema (Chy) mice have an inactivating Vegfr3 mutation in their germ line, and swelling of the limbs because of hypoplastic cutaneous, but not visceral, lymphatic vessels. Neuropilin (NRP)-2 bound VEGF-C and was expressed in the visceral, but not in the cutaneous, lymphatic endothelia, suggesting that it may participate in the pathogenesis of lymphedema. By using virus-mediated VEGF-C gene therapy, we were able to generate functional lymphatic vessels in the lymphedema mice. Our results suggest that growth factor gene therapy is applicable to human lymphedema and provide a paradigm for other diseases associated with mutant receptors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Paracetamol overdose causes acute liver damage which leads to severe centrilobular hepatic necrosis. The hepatotoxic effect is caused by reactive metabolites and oxidative stress. Since extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) protects tissues against the harmful effects of superoxide anion, the hypothesis that systemic adenovirus-mediated EC-SOD gene transfer could reduce liver damage was tested. METHODS Mice were given paracetamol (600 mg/kg) enterally 2 days after adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of EC-SOD (2 x 10(9) pfu). Five days after gene transfer, plasma and tissue samples were collected for clinical chemistry analyses and tissue pathology evaluation. RESULTS EC-SOD was expressed in a dose-dependent manner with the highest enzyme activity occurring 3 days after the gene transfer. Clinical chemistry and tissue pathology analyses showed that adenoviral EC-SOD gene transfer significantly attenuated release of liver enzymes and inhibited necrosis and apoptosis caused by paracetamol overdose. CONCLUSION The results indicate the involvement of superoxide anion in paracetamol-mediated liver damage and suggest a possible protective role for EC-SOD gene transfer in paracetamol-induced liver damage.
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Abstract
We have treated Caki-2 human renal cell carcinoma in vivo using herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene therapy. Both stably transduced Caki-2 tumors, generated using retrovirus-mediated ex vivo HSV-tk gene transfer and direct intratumoral adenovirus-mediated HSV-tk gene transfer of wild type tumors, were tested. Similar treatments with LacZ containing retro- and adenoviruses were used as controls. The outcome was evaluated by imaging the tumors before and after the treatment with magnetic resonance imaging, and using histology, immunocytochemistry, and survival analysis. When implanted orthotopically into nude mouse kidneys, Caki-2 cells formed reproducible cystic papillary kidney carcinomas. In vivo magnetic resonance imaging provided an important tool for the evaluation of tumor growth. Transduction efficiency of wild-type tumors in vivo with adeno-LacZ was 22+/-14%. Significant tumor regression was achieved with direct intratumoral adeno-HSV-tk transduction followed by intraperitoneal ganciclovir (GCV) (P<.001). Also, the treatment of stably transduced Caki-2 tumors with intraperitoneal GCV resulted in a significant treatment response in the HSV-tk group as compared to the LacZ group (P<.009). Increased apoptosis and macrophage infiltrations, reduced proliferation, and degenerative changes were observed in the tumors treated with HSV-tk and GCV. Also, significant prolongation in survival was achieved with adeno-HSV-tk- and GCV-treated mice as compared to the controls. It is concluded that adeno-HSV-tk gene therapy may be useful for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma in vivo.
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Abstract
The growth of blood and lymphatic vasculature is mediated in part by secreted polypeptides of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family. The prototype VEGF binds VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-1 and VEGFR-2 and is angiogenic, whereas VEGF-C, which binds to VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3, is either angiogenic or lymphangiogenic in different assays. We used an adenoviral gene transfer approach to compare the effects of these growth factors in adult mice. Recombinant adenoviruses encoding human VEGF-C or VEGF were injected subcutaneously into C57Bl6 mice or into the ears of nude mice. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that VEGF-C upregulated VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 expression and VEGF upregulated VEGFR-2 expression at 4 days after injection. After 2 weeks, histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis, including staining for the lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 (LYVE-1), the vascular endothelial marker platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1), and the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) revealed that VEGF-C induced mainly lymphangiogenesis in contrast to VEGF, which induced only angiogenesis. These results have significant implications in the planning of gene therapy using these growth factors.
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MESH Headings
- Adenoviridae/genetics
- Animals
- Cell Division
- Cell Line
- Endothelial Growth Factors/genetics
- Endothelial Growth Factors/physiology
- Endothelium, Lymphatic/chemistry
- Endothelium, Lymphatic/cytology
- Endothelium, Lymphatic/physiology
- Endothelium, Vascular/chemistry
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Gene Expression
- Genetic Vectors/genetics
- Glycoproteins/analysis
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Lymphokines/genetics
- Lymphokines/physiology
- Membrane Transport Proteins
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Nude
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/physiology
- Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism
- Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen/analysis
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Receptors, Growth Factor/metabolism
- Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Skin/blood supply
- Skin/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
- Vesicular Transport Proteins
- beta-Galactosidase/genetics
- beta-Galactosidase/metabolism
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Abstract
Apoptosis is a physiological, programmed process for the elimination of cells from living organisms. Currently, one of the most frequently used methods to detect apoptosis is TUNEL assay. It has provided valuable information about apoptosis in various tissues. However, the sensitivity and the specificity of TUNEL technique have also been criticized. We detected an intense false-positive apoptotic signal in nude and Balb/c mice kidney and liver. In kidney the signal was confined to the proximal, distal and collecting tubular cells, and in liver to hepatocytes. Both tissues appeared normal in light microscopy, and no DNA ladder formation or increase in caspase-3 enzyme activity was detected. BrdU labelling and Ki-67 immunostaining did not reveal increased cell proliferation in these tissues. On the other hand, false-positive signal was not detected in testis, spleen, pancreas or renal cell carcinoma from the same animals. Also, no false-positive signal was seen in human liver or kidney samples. Although factors known to produce false-positive staining related to sample harvesting, preparation and staining protocols were eliminated, the cause of the false- positive apoptotic signal remains unknown. We conclude that caution must be exercised when examining apoptosis in mouse tissues with TUNEL assay.
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Vascular protection: A novel nonangiogenic cardiovascular role for vascular endothelial growth factor. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2000; 20:1512-20. [PMID: 10845866 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.20.6.1512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is widespread interest in the use of the angiogenic cytokine, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. The main paradigm for VEGF cardiovascular therapy is the stimulation of "therapeutic angiogenesis" in ischemic myocardial and peripheral vascular limb disease. In this review, approaches to VEGF therapy based on the therapeutic angiogenesis model are critically assessed, and the alternative mechanism of vascular protection is advanced. Vascular protection is defined as the VEGF-induced enhancement of endothelial functions that mediate the inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, enhanced endothelial cell survival, suppression of thrombosis, and anti-inflammatory effects. VEGF-induced synthesis of NO and prostacyclin are both likely to be key mediators of VEGF-dependent vascular protection. Investigation into vascular protection should help us to gain insight into the underlying mechanisms of the cardiovascular actions of VEGF and should prove valuable in the development of novel therapeutic approaches based on local VEGF gene delivery.
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Characterization of a new animal model for human renal cell carcinoma. In Vivo 2000; 14:393-400. [PMID: 10904872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common kidney malignancy with significant mortality. Human tumor xenograft models are important tools for cancer research. MATERIALS AND METHODS We have established and characterized a new animal model for human RCC using Caki-2 cells implanted into the renal subcapsule (RSC) of nude mice. Histology, immunocytochemistry, in situ hybridization and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were used to analyze the tumors. RESULTS The implantations generated reproducible carcinomas which closely resemble human RCC. The tumors showed cystic-papillary structures, rich capillary network and fibro-septa formations. Proliferation varied from 0-5% and from 1-60% in cystic and solid areas, respectively. Apoptosis was less than 1%. Macrophages and other inflammatory cell infiltrations were detected in the tumors. VEGF-A and angiopoietin I were expressed in a small number of cells in large tumors. Tumors did not metastasize outside peritoneal cavity. Survival of the tumor bearing animals was 23 +/- 3 weeks. CONCLUSIONS It is concluded that Caki-2 carcinomas implanted into renal subcapsule of nude mice resemble human RCC in several aspects and represent a good animal model for studies regarding the pathogenesis and treatment of human RCC.
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Involvement of specific macrophage-lineage cells surrounding arterioles in barrier and scavenger function in brain cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1996; 93:3269-74. [PMID: 8622926 PMCID: PMC39595 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.93.8.3269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The transport of solutes between blood and brain is regulated by a specific barrier. Capillary endothelial cells of brain are known to mediate barrier function and facilitate transport. Here we report that specific cells surrounding arterioles, known as Mato's fluorescent granular perithelial (FGP) cells or perivascular microglial cells, contribute to the barrier function. Immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization studies indicate that, in normal brain cortex, type I and type II macrophage scavenger receptors are expressed only in FGP/perivascular microglial cells, and surface markers of macrophage lineage are also detected on them. These cells mediate the uptake of macromolecules, including modified low density lipoprotein, horseradish peroxidase, and ferritin injected either into the blood or into the cerebral ventricles. Accumulation of scavenged materials with aging or after the administration of a high-fat diet results in the formation of honeycomb-like foam cells and the narrowing of the lumen of arterioles in the brain cortex. These results indicate involvement of FGP/perivascular microglial cells in the barrier and scavenger functions in the central nervous system.
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