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De Nicolò A, Palermiti A, Dispinseri S, Marchetti G, Trunfio M, De Vivo E, D'Avolio A, Muscatello A, Gori A, Rusconi S, Bruzzesi E, Gabrieli A, Bernasconi DP, Bandera A, Nozza S, Calcagno A. Plasma, Intracellular and Lymph node Antiretroviral Concentrations and HIV DNA Change During Primary HIV Infection: Results from the INACTION P25 Study. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2024:107200. [PMID: 38768738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2024.107200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Despite its high effectiveness, combination antiretroviral treatment (cART) has a limited effect on HIV-DNA reservoir, which establishes early during primary infection (PHI) and is maintained by latency, homeostatic T-cells proliferation, and residual replication: this can be associated with low drug exposure in lymphoid tissues and/or suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral drugs (ARVs). Aim of this study was to assess ARVs concentrations in plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and lymph nodes (LN), and their association to HIV-RNA and DNA decay during PHI. Participants were randomized to receive standard doses of darunavir/cobicistat (arm I), dolutegravir (arm II) or both (arm III), with a backbone of tenofovir alafenamide and emtricitabine. Total HIV-DNA was measured by digital-droplet PCR in PBMC at baseline, 12 and 48 weeks. Plasma and PBMC drugs concentrations were determined at 2, 12 and 48 weeks (LN at 12 weeks) by UHPLC-MS/MS. Seventy-two participants were enrolled, mostly male (n=68), median age 34 years and variable Fiebig stages (V-VI 57.7%, I-II 23.9%, and III-IV 18.3%). Twenty-six patients were assigned to Arm I, 27 to Arm II and 19 to Arm III. After 48 weeks, most patients had undetectable viremia, with minor between-arms differences in HIV-RNA decay. Patients with Fiebig I-II showed faster HIV-RNA and HIV-DNA decay. Intracellular-tissue penetration was high for nucleoside analogues and low-moderate for darunavir and dolutegravir. Only tenofovir diphosphate concentrations in PBMC showed correlation with HIV-DNA decay. Overall, this study suggests the timing of treatment initiation and intracellular tenofovir penetration as primary and secondary factors affecting HIV reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amedeo De Nicolò
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin.
| | - Alice Palermiti
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin
| | | | - Giulia Marchetti
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Sciences, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, Milan
| | - Mattia Trunfio
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin
| | - Elisa De Vivo
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin
| | - Antonio D'Avolio
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin
| | - Antonio Muscatello
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan
| | - Andrea Gori
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan
| | - Stefano Rusconi
- UOC Malattie Infettive, Ospedale Civile di Legnano, ASST Ovest Milanese, Legnano; University of Milan, Milan
| | | | - Arianna Gabrieli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche, Ospedale L Sacco, Milan
| | - Davide Paolo Bernasconi
- Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging Centre - B4 School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza
| | | | - Silvia Nozza
- Department of Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale san Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Calcagno
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin
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2
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Oltolini C, Acerbis A, Orofino G, Racca S, Noviello M, Dispinseri S, Clementi N, Piemontese S, Xue E, Giglio F, Lupo Stanghellini MT, Diral E, Bruno A, Tassi E, Beretta V, Marzinotto I, Scarlatti G, Lampasona V, Ardemagni A, Sampaolo M, Bonini C, Corti C, Peccatori J, Castagna A, Ciceri F, Greco R. Case Report: Favorable outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in SARSCoV2 positive recipient, risk-benefit balance between infection and leukemia. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1184956. [PMID: 37287986 PMCID: PMC10242072 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1184956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in SARS-CoV-2 positive candidates is usually delayed until the clinical resolution of the infection's symptoms and a negative nasopharyngeal molecular test. However, prolonged SARS-CoV-2 positivity has been frequently observed in haematological malignancies, thus representing a challenge for the timing of transplant procedures. Here, we report on the case of a 34-year-old patient with recent pauci-symptomatic COVID-19 undergoing transplant for high-risk acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia before achieving viral clearance. Shortly before their scheduled allogeneic HSCT from a matched unrelated donor, the patient developed mild Omicron BA.5 infection receiving nirmatrelvir/ritonavir with fever resolution within 72 hours. Twenty-three days after COVID-19 diagnosis, because of increasing minimal residual disease values in the context of high-risk refractory leukemia and clinical resolution of SARS-2-CoV infection with reduction of viral load at surveillance nasopharyngeal swabs, it was decided not to delay further allo-HSCT. During myelo-ablative conditioning, the nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 viral load increased while the patient remained asymptomatic. Consequently, two days before the transplant, intra-muscular tixagevimab/cilgavimab 300/300 mg and a 3-day course of intravenous remdesivir were administered. During the pre-engraftment phase, veno-occlusive disease (VOD) occurred at day +13, requiring defibrotide treatment to obtain a slow but complete recovery. The post-engraftment phase was characterized by mild COVID-19 at day +23 (cough, rhino-conjunctivitis, fever) that spontaneously resolved, achieving viral clearance at day +28. At day +32, she experienced grade I acute graft-versus host disease (a-GVHD, skin grade II) treated with steroids and photo-apheresis, without further complications during follow-up until day +180. Addressing the issue of allo-HSCT timing in patients recovering from SARS-CoV-2 infection with high-risk malignant diseases is challenging because of 1] the high risk of COVID-19 clinical progression, 2] the impact of transplant delay on leukemia prognosis and 3] the occurrence of endothelial complications such as VOD, a-GVHD, and transplant associated thrombotic micro-angiopathy. Our report describes the favourable outcome of allo-HSCT in a recipient with active SARS-CoV2 infection and high-risk leukemia thanks to timely anti-SARS-CoV-2 preventive therapies and prompt management of transplant-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Oltolini
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Acerbis
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Orofino
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Racca
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maddalena Noviello
- Experimental Haematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Cell Therapy Immunomonitoring Laboratory (MITiCi), Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Dispinseri
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Clementi
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Piemontese
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Xue
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Giglio
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Lupo Stanghellini
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Diral
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bruno
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Tassi
- Experimental Haematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Cell Therapy Immunomonitoring Laboratory (MITiCi), Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Beretta
- Experimental Haematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Marzinotto
- Diabetes Research Institute Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Scarlatti
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Vito Lampasona
- Diabetes Research Institute Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Ardemagni
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Sampaolo
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Bonini
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Experimental Haematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Cell Therapy Immunomonitoring Laboratory (MITiCi), Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Consuelo Corti
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Jacopo Peccatori
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella Castagna
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Greco
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Vanetti C, Lampasona V, Stracuzzi M, Fenizia C, Biasin M, Saulle I, Limanaqi F, Abdelsalam A, Loretelli C, Paradiso L, Longoni E, Barcellini L, Piemonti L, Marzinotto I, Dispinseri S, Amendola A, Fappani C, Tanzi E, Clerici MS, Scarlatti G, Zuccotti GV, Giacomet V, Trabattoni D. The Immunological Profile of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children Is Linked to Clinical Severity and Age. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076779. [PMID: 37047752 PMCID: PMC10095251 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is clinically less severe in children, even if the wide variety and degree of severity of symptoms reported in children pose a still-unresolved challenge for clinicians. We performed an in-depth analysis of the immunological profiles of 18 hospitalized SARS-CoV-2-infected children, whose results were compared to those obtained from 13 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). The patients were categorized as paucisymptomatic/moderate (55.6%) or severe/critical (44.5%) according to established diagnostic criteria and further stratified into the categories of infants (1–12 months), children (1–12 years), and adolescents (>12 years). We assessed SARS-CoV-2-specific RBD antibodies (Ab), neutralizing antibodies (nAb), and circulating cytokines/chemokines in the plasma, and the SARS-CoV-2-specific immune response was measured in PBMCs by gene expression and secretome analyses. Our results showed peculiar circulating cytokine/chemokine profiles among patients sharing a similar clinical phenotype. A cluster of patients consisting of infants with severe symptoms presented hyperinflammatory profiles, together with extremely polarized antibody profiles. In a second cluster consisting of paucisymptomatic patients, a less pronounced increase in the level of inflammatory cytokines, together with an association between the selected cytokines and humoral responses, was observed. A third cluster, again consisting of paucisymptomatic patients, showed a circulating cytokine/chemokine profile which overlapped with that of the HC. The SARS-CoV-2-stimulated production of pro-inflammatory proteins, T lymphocyte activation, and migration-specific proteins, were significantly increased in SARS-CoV-2-infected children compared to the HC. Our findings suggest that immune response activation in the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children is directly correlated with clinical severity and, to a lesser extent, age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Vanetti
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Vito Lampasona
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Stracuzzi
- Paediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Ospedale L. Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Fenizia
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Mara Biasin
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Irma Saulle
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Fiona Limanaqi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Ahmed Abdelsalam
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
- International Center for T1D, Paediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Loretelli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
- International Center for T1D, Paediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Paradiso
- Department of Paediatrics, Ospedale dei Bambini V. Buzzi, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Emma Longoni
- Department of Paediatrics, Ospedale dei Bambini V. Buzzi, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Barcellini
- Department of Paediatrics, Ospedale dei Bambini V. Buzzi, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Marzinotto
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Dispinseri
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella Amendola
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Clara Fappani
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Tanzi
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Salvatore Clerici
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, 20148 Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Scarlatti
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Vania Giacomet
- Paediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Ospedale L. Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Daria Trabattoni
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
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Baratella M, Iannone V, Cavarelli M, Foglieni C, Viganò P, Moog C, Elmore U, Nozza S, Alfano M, Salonia A, Dispinseri S, Scarlatti G. Human seminal plasma stimulates the migration of CD11c+ mononuclear phagocytes to the apical side of the colonic epithelium without altering the junctional complexes in an ex vivo human intestinal model. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1133886. [PMID: 37033941 PMCID: PMC10073423 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1133886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) transmission mostly occurs through the genital and intestinal mucosae. Although HIV-1 transmission has been extensively investigated, gaps remain in understanding the initial steps of HIV entry through the colonic mucosa. We previously showed that HIV can selectively trigger mononuclear phagocytes (MNP) to migrate within colonic epithelial cells to sample virions. Mucosal exposure to human seminal plasma (HSP), rich in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and growth factors, may as well induce alterations of the colonic mucosa and recruit immune cells, hence, affecting pathogen sampling and transmission. Methods Here, we studied the role of HSP on the paracellular intestinal permeability by analyzing the distribution of two proteins known to play a key role in controlling the intestinal barrier integrity, namely the tight junctions-associated junctional adhesion molecule (JAM-A) and the adherents junction associated protein E-cadherin (E-CAD), by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. Also, we evaluated if HSP promotes the recruitment of MNP cells, specifically, the CD11c and CD64 positive MNPs, to the apical side of the human colonic mucosa. At this scope, HSP of HIV-infected and uninfected individuals with known fertility status was tested for cytokines, chemokines and growth factors concentration and used in an ex vivo polarized colonic tissue culture system to mimic as closely as possible the physiological process. Results HSP showed statistically significant differences in cytokines and chemokines concentrations between the three groups of donors, i.e. HIV infected, or uninfected fertile or randomly identified. Nevertheless, we showed that in the ex vivo tissue culture HSP in general, neither affected the morphological structure of the colonic mucosa nor modulated the paracellular intestinal permeability. Interestingly, CD11c+ MNP cells migrated to the apical surface of the colonic epithelium regardless, if incubated with HIV-infected or -uninfected HSPs, while CD64+ MNP cells, did not change their distribution within the colonic mucosa. Discussion In conclusion, even if HSP did not perturb the integrity of the human colonic mucosa, it affected the migration of a specific subset of MNPs that express CD11c towards the apical side of the colonic mucosa, which in turn may be involved in pathogen sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Baratella
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Group, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Marco Baratella,
| | - Valeria Iannone
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Group, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariangela Cavarelli
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Chiara Foglieni
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Viganò
- Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Christiane Moog
- INSERM U1109, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ugo Elmore
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Nozza
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Alfano
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Urology, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Salonia
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Urology, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Dispinseri
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Group, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Scarlatti
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Group, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Cavarelli M, Foglieni C, Hantour N, Schorn T, Ferrazzano A, Dispinseri S, Desjardins D, Elmore U, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Scarlatti G, Le Grand R. Identification of CX3CR1+ mononuclear phagocyte subsets involved in HIV-1 and SIV colorectal transmission. iScience 2022; 25:104346. [PMID: 35601921 PMCID: PMC9117554 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The difficulty to unambiguously identify the various subsets of mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs) of the intestinal lamina propria has hindered our understanding of the initial events occurring after mucosal exposure to HIV-1. Here, we compared the composition and function of MNP subsets at steady-state and following ex vivo and in vivo viral exposure in human and macaque colorectal tissues. Combined evaluation of CD11c, CD64, CD103, and CX3CR1 expression allowed to differentiate lamina propria MNPs subsets common to both species. Among them, CD11c+ CX3CR1+ cells expressing CCR5 migrated inside the epithelium following ex vivo and in vivo exposure of colonic tissue to HIV-1 or SIV. In addition, the predominant population of CX3CR1high macrophages present at steady-state partially shifted to CX3CR1low macrophages as early as three days following in vivo SIV rectal challenge of macaques. Our analysis identifies CX3CR1+ MNPs as novel players in the early events of HIV-1 and SIV colorectal transmission. Human and macaque intestinal MNPs show similar phenotype, localization, and function CX3CR1+ MNPs migrate inside the intestinal epithelium to sample HIV/SIV SIV infection alters the balance between CX3CR1high and CX3CR1low Mφs CX3CR1+ Mφs contribute to the breakdown of the intestinal barrier in HIV/SIV infection
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6
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Dispinseri S, Tolazzi M, Scarlatti G. The path towards an HIV vaccine. New Microbiol 2022; 45:99-103. [PMID: 35699557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Since the beginning of the HIV/AIDS epidemy in the eighties, hundreds of phase I human immunization studies were performed, however, only nine tested efficacy in phase IIb/III clinical trials. While immunogens for SARS-CoV-2 did move along the development and clinical trial pipeline at unprecedent speed, two HIV immunization vaccine trials, started in 2016 and 2017, did meet non-efficacy criteria at the interim analysis and were thus, halted by the Data and Safety Monitoring Boards. The challenges in the quest to develop a safe, effective and durable HIV vaccine are unchanged. However, as research on HIV vaccine discovery moves forward there are many new tools and platform technologies to iterate vaccine strategies faster. Among these, there is a growing interest to conduct experimental medicine approaches where product development is directly informed by human data at an early stage of product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Dispinseri
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Tolazzi
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Scarlatti
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Dispinseri S, Secchi M, Pirillo MF, Tolazzi M, Borghi M, Brigatti C, De Angelis ML, Baratella M, Bazzigaluppi E, Venturi G, Sironi F, Canitano A, Marzinotto I, Tresoldi C, Ciceri F, Piemonti L, Negri D, Cara A, Lampasona V, Scarlatti G. Neutralizing antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in symptomatic COVID-19 is persistent and critical for survival. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2670. [PMID: 33976165 PMCID: PMC8113594 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22958-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 evolve during infection may provide important insight into therapeutic approaches and vaccination for COVID-19. Here we profile the antibody responses of 162 COVID-19 symptomatic patients in the COVID-BioB cohort followed longitudinally for up to eight months from symptom onset to find SARS-CoV-2 neutralization, as well as antibodies either recognizing SARS-CoV-2 spike antigens and nucleoprotein, or specific for S2 antigen of seasonal beta-coronaviruses and hemagglutinin of the H1N1 flu virus. The presence of neutralizing antibodies within the first weeks from symptoms onset correlates with time to a negative swab result (p = 0.002), while the lack of neutralizing capacity correlates with an increased risk of a fatal outcome (p = 0.008). Neutralizing antibody titers progressively drop after 5-8 weeks but are still detectable up to 8 months in the majority of recovered patients regardless of age or co-morbidities, with IgG to spike antigens providing the best correlate of neutralization. Antibody responses to seasonal coronaviruses are temporarily boosted, and parallel those to SARS-CoV-2 without dampening the specific response or worsening disease progression. Our results thus suggest compromised immune responses to the SARS-CoV-2 spike to be a major trait of COVID-19 patients with critical conditions, and thereby inform on the planning of COVID-19 patient care and therapy prioritization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Dispinseri
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Secchi
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- DNA Enzymology & Molecular Virology Unit, Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Monica Tolazzi
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Borghi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Brigatti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Laura De Angelis
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Baratella
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giulietta Venturi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Sironi
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Canitano
- National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Marzinotto
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Tresoldi
- Molecular Hematology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Donatella Negri
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Cara
- National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Vito Lampasona
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Scarlatti
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
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8
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Dispinseri S, Lampasona V, Secchi M, Cara A, Bazzigaluppi E, Negri D, Brigatti C, Pirillo MF, Marzinotto I, Borghi M, Rovere-Querini P, Tresoldi C, Ciceri F, Scavini M, Scarlatti G, Piemonti L. Robust Neutralizing Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 Develop and Persist in Subjects with Diabetes and COVID-19 Pneumonia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:1472-1481. [PMID: 33513242 PMCID: PMC7928901 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Demonstrating the ability to mount a neutralizing antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 in the presence of diabetes is crucial to understand COVID-19 pathogenesis, reinfection potential, and vaccine development. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to characterize the kinetics and durability of neutralizing antibody (Nab) response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the presence of hyperglycemia. METHODS Using a lentiviral vector-based SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assay to measure Nabs, we characterized 150 patients randomly selected from a cohort of 509 patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia. We analyzed Nab response according to the presence of diabetes or hyperglycemia, at the time of hospitalization and during the postdischarge follow-up: 1-, 3-, and 6-month outpatient visits. RESULTS Among 150 randomly selected patients 40 (26.6%) had diabetes. Diabetes (hazard ratio [HR] 8.9, P < .001), glucose levels (HR 1.25 × 1.1 mmol/L, P < .001), and glucose variability (HR 1.17 × 0.6 mmol/L, P < .001) were independently associated with an increased risk of mortality. The neutralizing activity of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in patients with diabetes was superimposable, as for kinetics and extent, to that of patients without diabetes. It was similar across glucose levels and correlated with the humoral response against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Positivity for Nabs at the time of hospital admission conferred protection on mortality, both in the presence (HR 0.28, P = .046) or absence of diabetes (HR 0.26, P = .030). The longevity of the Nab response was not affected by diabetes. CONCLUSION Diabetes and hyperglycemia do not affect the kinetics and durability of the neutralizing antibody response to SARS-CoV-2. These findings provide the rational to include patients with diabetes in the early phase of the vaccination campaign against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Dispinseri
- Viral Evolution and Trasmission Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Vito Lampasona
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Cara
- National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Donatella Negri
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Brigatti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Marzinotto
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Borghi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Rovere-Querini
- Department of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Tresoldi
- Molecular Hematology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Scavini
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Scarlatti
- Viral Evolution and Trasmission Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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9
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Dispinseri S, Cavarelli M, Tolazzi M, Plebani AM, Jansson M, Scarlatti G. Continuous HIV-1 Escape from Autologous Neutralization and Development of Cross-Reactive Antibody Responses Characterizes Slow Disease Progression of Children. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9030260. [PMID: 33799407 PMCID: PMC7999787 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9030260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The antibodies with different effector functions evoked by Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmitted from mother to child, and their role in the pathogenesis of infected children remain unresolved. So, too, the kinetics and breadth of these responses remain to be clearly defined, compared to those developing in adults. Here, we studied the kinetics of the autologous and heterologous neutralizing antibody (Nab) responses, in addition to antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), in HIV-1 infected children with different disease progression rates followed from close after birth and five years on. Autologous and heterologous neutralization were determined by Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)- and TZMbl-based assays, and ADCC was assessed with the GranToxiLux assay. The reactivity to an immunodominant HIV-1 gp41 epitope, and childhood vaccine antigens, was assessed by ELISA. Newborns displayed antibodies directed towards the HIV-1 gp41 epitope. However, antibodies neutralizing the transmitted virus were undetectable. Nabs directed against the transmitted virus developed usually within 12 months of age in children with slow progression, but rarely in rapid progressors. Thereafter, autologous Nabs persisted throughout the follow-up of the slow progressors and induced a continuous emergence of escape variants. Heterologous cross-Nabs were detected within two years, but their subsequent increase in potency and breadth was mainly a trait of slow progressors. Analogously, titers of antibodies mediating ADCC to gp120 BaL pulsed target cells increased in slow progressors during follow-up. The kinetics of antibody responses to the immunodominant viral antigen and the vaccine antigens were sustained and independent of disease progression. Persistent autologous Nabs triggering viral escape and an increase in the breadth and potency of cross-Nabs are exclusive to HIV-1 infected slowly progressing children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Dispinseri
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (S.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Mariangela Cavarelli
- Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-Immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), University Paris-Saclay, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses & Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France;
| | - Monica Tolazzi
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (S.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Anna Maria Plebani
- Pediatric Emergency Unit, Filippo Del Ponte Hospital, ASST-Settelaghi, 21100 Varese, Italy;
| | - Marianne Jansson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 22242 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Gabriella Scarlatti
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (S.D.); (M.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-022643-4906; Fax: +39-022643-4905
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10
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Cenciarelli S, Calbi V, Barzaghi F, Bernardo ME, Oltolini C, Migliavacca M, Gallo V, Tucci F, Fraschetta F, Albertazzi E, Fratini ES, Consiglieri G, Giannelli S, Dionisio F, Sartirana C, Racca S, Camesasca C, Peretto G, Daverio R, Esposito A, De Cobelli F, Silvani P, Rabusin M, Cara A, Trabattoni D, Dispinseri S, Scarlatti G, Piemonti L, Lampasona V, Cicalese MP, Aiuti A, Ferrua F. Mild SARS-CoV-2 Infection After Gene Therapy in a Child With Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome: A Case Report. Front Immunol 2020; 11:603428. [PMID: 33329599 PMCID: PMC7732473 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.603428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work we present the case of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a 1.5-year-old boy affected by severe Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome with previous history of autoinflammatory disease, occurring 5 months after treatment with gene therapy. Before SARS-CoV-2 infection, the patient had obtained engraftment of gene corrected cells, resulting in WASP expression restoration and early immune reconstitution. The patient produced specific immunoglobulins to SARS-CoV-2 at high titer with neutralizing capacity and experienced a mild course of infection, with limited inflammatory complications, despite pre-gene therapy clinical phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Cenciarelli
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Calbi
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Barzaghi
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Ester Bernardo
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Oltolini
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maddalena Migliavacca
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Vera Gallo
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Tucci
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Fraschetta
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Albertazzi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Sophia Fratini
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Consiglieri
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Giannelli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Dionisio
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Sartirana
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Racca
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Camesasca
- Pediatric Cardiology, Cardio-thoraco-vascular Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Peretto
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Myocarditis Unit, Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Clinical Arrhythmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Daverio
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Esposito
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Radiology Unit, Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco De Cobelli
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Radiology Unit, Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Silvani
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Rabusin
- Department of Pediatrics, HematoOncology Unit, Institute of Maternal and Child Health Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Cara
- National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Daria Trabattoni
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Dispinseri
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Scarlatti
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Beta Cell Biology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Vito Lampasona
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrua
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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11
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Su B, Dispinseri S, Iannone V, Zhang T, Wu H, Carapito R, Bahram S, Scarlatti G, Moog C. Update on Fc-Mediated Antibody Functions Against HIV-1 Beyond Neutralization. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2968. [PMID: 31921207 PMCID: PMC6930241 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies (Abs) are the major component of the humoral immune response and a key player in vaccination. The precise Ab-mediated inhibitory mechanisms leading to in vivo protection against HIV have not been elucidated. In addition to the desired viral capture and neutralizing Ab functions, complex Ab-dependent mechanisms that involve engaging immune effector cells to clear infected host cells, immune complexes, and opsonized virus have been proposed as being relevant. These inhibitory mechanisms involve Fc-mediated effector functions leading to Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, phagocytosis, cell-mediated virus inhibition, aggregation, and complement inhibition. Indeed, the decreased risk of infection observed in the RV144 HIV-1 vaccine trial was correlated with the production of non-neutralizing inhibitory Abs, highlighting the role of Ab inhibitory functions besides neutralization. Moreover, Ab isotypes and subclasses recognizing specific HIV envelope epitopes as well as pecular Fc-receptor polymorphisms have been associated with disease progression. These findings further support the need to define which Fc-mediated Ab inhibitory functions leading to protection are critical for HIV vaccine design. Herein, based on our previous review Su & Moog Front Immunol 2014, we update the different inhibitory properties of HIV-specific Abs that may potentially contribute to HIV protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Su
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Stefania Dispinseri
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Iannone
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Tong Zhang
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Raphael Carapito
- INSERM U1109, LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Seiamak Bahram
- INSERM U1109, LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Gabriella Scarlatti
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Christiane Moog
- INSERM U1109, LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Vaccine Research Institute (VRI), Créteil, France
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12
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Moroni M, Ghezzi S, Baroli P, Heltai S, De Battista D, Pensieroso S, Cavarelli M, Dispinseri S, Vanni I, Pastori C, Zerbi P, Tosoni A, Vicenzi E, Nebuloni M, Wong K, Zhao H, McHugh S, Poli G, Lopalco L, Scarlatti G, Biassoni R, Mullins JI, Malnati MS, Alfano M. Spontaneous control of HIV-1 viremia in a subject with protective HLA-B plus HLA-C alleles and HLA-C associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. J Transl Med 2014; 12:335. [PMID: 25477316 PMCID: PMC4272524 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-014-0335-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Understanding the mechanisms by which some individuals are able to naturally control HIV-1 infection is an important goal of AIDS research. We here describe the case of an HIV-1+ woman, CASE1, who has spontaneously controlled her viremia for the last 14 of her 20 years of infection. Methods CASE1 has been clinically monitored since 1993. Detailed immunological, virological and histological analyses were performed on samples obtained between 2009 and 2011. Results As for other Elite Controllers, CASE1 is characterized by low to undetectable levels of plasma HIV-1 RNA, peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) associated HIV-1 DNA and reduced in vitro susceptibility of target cells to HIV-1 infection. Furthermore, a slow rate of virus evolution was demonstrated in spite the lack of assumption of any antiretroviral agent. CASE1 failed to transmit HIV-1 to either her sexual male partner or to her child born by vaginal delivery. Normal values and ratios of T and B cells were observed, along with normal histology of the intestinal mucosa. Attempts to isolate HIV-1 from her PBMC and gut-derived cells were unsuccessful, despite expression of normal cell surface levels of CD4, CCRC5 and CXCR4. CASE1 did not produce detectable anti-HIV neutralizing antibodies in her serum or genital mucosal fluid although she displayed potent T cell responses against HIV-1 Gag and Nef. CASE1 also possessed multiple genetic polymorphisms, including HLA alleles (B*14, B*57, C*06 and C*08.02) and HLA-C single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, rs9264942 C/C and rs67384697 del/del), that have been previously individually associated with spontaneous control of plasma viremia, maintenance of high CD4+ T cell counts and delayed disease progression. Conclusions CASE1 has controlled her HIV-1 viremia below the limit of detection in the absence of antiretroviral therapy for more than 14 years and has not shown any sign of immunologic deterioration or disease progression. Co-expression of multiple protective HLA alleles, HLA-C SNPs and strong T cell responses against HIV-1 proteins are the most likely explanation of this very benign case of spontaneous control of HIV-1 disease progression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-014-0335-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Moroni
- Infectious Disease Unit, Busto Arsizio Public Hospital, P.le Solaro n. 3, Busto Arsizio, 21052, Varese, Italy.
| | - Silvia Ghezzi
- Viral Pathogens and Biosafety Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Paolo Baroli
- Service Lab Fleming Research, Busto Arsizio, Varese, Italy.
| | - Silvia Heltai
- Human Virology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Davide De Battista
- Human Virology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Simone Pensieroso
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Mariangela Cavarelli
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Stefania Dispinseri
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Irene Vanni
- Department of Translational Research, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Claudia Pastori
- Immunobiology of HIV Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Pietro Zerbi
- Pathology Unit, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Antonella Tosoni
- Pathology Unit, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Elisa Vicenzi
- Viral Pathogens and Biosafety Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Manuela Nebuloni
- Pathology Unit, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Kim Wong
- Departments of Microbiology, Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Hong Zhao
- Departments of Microbiology, Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Sarah McHugh
- Departments of Microbiology, Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Guido Poli
- AIDS Immunopathogenesis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina n. 58, Milan, 20132, Italy. .,School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
| | - Lucia Lopalco
- Immunobiology of HIV Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Scarlatti
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Roberto Biassoni
- Department of Translational Research, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
| | - James I Mullins
- Departments of Microbiology, Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Mauro S Malnati
- Human Virology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Massimo Alfano
- AIDS Immunopathogenesis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina n. 58, Milan, 20132, Italy. .,Present address; Division of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Urology, URI; IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina n. 60, Milan, 20132, Italy.
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13
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Dispinseri S, Cavarelli M, Plebani AM, Jansson M, Scarlatti G. HIV-1 of Children with Slow Disease Progression Escapes Autologous Neutralization and Triggers Development of Cross-neutralizing Responses. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2014. [DOI: 10.1089/aid.2014.5182a.abstract] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Maria Plebani
- Foundation IRCCS cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marianne Jansson
- Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Le Grand R, Bosquet NN, Dispinseri S, Gosse L, Des Jardins D, Shen S, Tomaras G, Hopewell N, Barnett S, Saidi H, Thiebaut R, Scarlatti G, Cope A, Shattock RJ. Microbicide-vaccine Combination Provides Significant Protection against Vaginal SHIV-162P3 Challenge in Cynomolgous Monkeys. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2014. [DOI: 10.1089/aid.2014.5037a.abstract] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roger Le Grand
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Division of Immuno-Virology, IDMIT Center, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Nathalie Bosquet
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Division of Immuno-Virology, IDMIT Center, Paris, France
| | | | - Leslie Gosse
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Division of Immuno-Virology, IDMIT Center, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Des Jardins
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Division of Immuno-Virology, IDMIT Center, Paris, France
| | - Shen Shen
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC, United States
| | | | | | | | - Hela Saidi
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Division of Immuno-Virology, IDMIT Center, Paris, France
| | - Rodolphe Thiebaut
- Institut de Santé Publique, d'Epidémiologie et de Développement – ISPED, Bordeaux, France
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15
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Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) isolation from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) allows retrieval of replication-competent viral variants. In order to impose the smallest possible selective pressure on the viral isolates, isolation must be carried out in primary cultures of cells and not in tumor derived cell lines. The procedure involves culture of PBMCs from an infected patient with phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated PBMC from seronegative donors, which provide susceptible target cells for HIV replication. HIV can be isolated from the bulk population of PBMCs or after cloning of the cells to obtain viral biological clones. Viral production is determined with p24 antigen (Ag) detection assays or with reverse transcriptase (RT) activity assay. Once isolated, HIV-1 can be propagated by infecting PHA-stimulated PBMCs from healthy donors. Aliquots from culture with a high production of virus are stored for later use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Dispinseri
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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16
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Palma P, Romiti ML, Montesano C, Santilli V, Mora N, Aquilani A, Dispinseri S, Tchidjou HK, Montano M, Eriksson LE, Baldassari S, Bernardi S, Scarlatti G, Wahren B, Rossi P. Therapeutic DNA vaccination of vertically HIV-infected children: report of the first pediatric randomised trial (PEDVAC). PLoS One 2013; 8:e79957. [PMID: 24312194 PMCID: PMC3842924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Subjects Twenty vertically HIV-infected children, 6–16 years of age, with stable viral load control and CD4+ values above 400 cells/mm3. Intervention Ten subjects continued their ongoing antiretroviral treatment (ART, Group A) and 10 were immunized with a HIV-DNA vaccine in addition to their previous therapy (ART and vaccine, Group B). The genetic vaccine represented HIV-1 subtypes A, B and C, encoded Env, Rev, Gag and RT and had no additional adjuvant. Immunizations took place at weeks 0, 4 and 12, with a boosting dose at week 36. Monitoring was performed until week 60 and extended to week 96. Results Safety data showed good tolerance of the vaccine. Adherence to ART remained high and persistent during the study and did not differ significantly between controls and vaccinees. Neither group experienced either virological failure or a decline of CD4+ counts from baseline. Higher HIV-specific cellular immune responses were noted transiently to Gag but not to other components of the vaccine. Lymphoproliferative responses to a virion antigen HIV-1 MN were higher in the vaccinees than in the controls (p = 0.047), whereas differences in reactivity to clade-specific Gag p24, RT or Env did not reach significance. Compared to baseline, the percentage of HIV-specific CD8+ lymphocytes releasing perforin in the Group B was higher after the vaccination schedule had been completed (p = 0.031). No increased CD8+ perforin levels were observed in control Group A. Conclusions The present study demonstrates the feasibility, safety and moderate immunogenicity of genetic vaccination in vertically HIV-infected children, paving the way for amplified immunotherapeutic approaches in the pediatric population. Trial registration clinicaltrialsregister.eu _2007-002359-18IT
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Palma
- University Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Immune and Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital “Bambino Gesu”, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Maria Luisa Romiti
- Department of Medicine, Chair of Pediatrics, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Montesano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Santilli
- Department of Medicine, Chair of Pediatrics, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Nadia Mora
- Department of Medicine, Chair of Pediatrics, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Aquilani
- Department of Medicine, Chair of Pediatrics, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Dispinseri
- Unit of Viral Evolution and Transmission, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Hyppolite K. Tchidjou
- University Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Immune and Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital “Bambino Gesu”, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Montano
- Chair of Infectious Diseases, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Lars E. Eriksson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
- School of Health Science, City University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stefania Baldassari
- University Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Immune and Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital “Bambino Gesu”, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Bernardi
- University Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Immune and Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital “Bambino Gesu”, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Scarlatti
- Unit of Viral Evolution and Transmission, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Britta Wahren
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paolo Rossi
- University Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Immune and Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital “Bambino Gesu”, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Chair of Pediatrics, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
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17
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Petitdemange C, Achour A, Dispinseri S, Malet I, Sennepin A, Ho Tsong Fang R, Crouzet J, Marcelin AG, Calvez V, Scarlatti G, Debré P, Vieillard V. A single amino-acid change in a highly conserved motif of gp41 elicits HIV-1 neutralization and protects against CD4 depletion. Clin Infect Dis 2013; 57:745-55. [PMID: 23696512 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cit335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The induction of neutralizing antibodies against conserved regions of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope protein is a major goal of vaccine strategies. We previously identified 3S, a critical conserved motif of gp41 that induces the NKp44L ligand of an activating NK receptor. In vivo, anti-3S antibodies protect against the natural killer (NK) cell-mediated CD4 depletion that occurs without efficient viral neutralization. METHODS Specific substitutions within the 3S peptide motif were prepared by directed mutagenesis. Virus production was monitored by measuring the p24 production. Neutralization assays were performed with immune-purified antibodies from immunized mice and a cohort of HIV-infected patients. Expression of NKp44L on CD4(+) T cells and degranulation assay on activating NK cells were both performed by flow cytometry. RESULTS Here, we show that specific substitutions in the 3S motif reduce viral infection without affecting gp41 production, while decreasing both its capacity to induce NKp44L expression on CD4(+) T cells and its sensitivity to autologous NK cells. Generation of antibodies in mice against the W614 specific position in the 3S motif elicited a capacity to neutralize cross-clade viruses, notable in its magnitude, breadth, and durability. Antibodies against this 3S variant were also detected in sera from some HIV-1-infected patients, demonstrating both neutralization activity and protection against CD4 depletion. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that a specific substitution in a 3S-based immunogen might allow the generation of specific antibodies, providing a foundation for a rational vaccine that combine a capacity to neutralize HIV-1 and to protect CD4(+) T cells.
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18
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Wahren B, Biswas P, Borggren M, Coleman A, Da Costa K, De Haes W, Dieltjens T, Dispinseri S, Grupping K, Hallengärd D, Hornig J, Klein K, Mainetti L, Palma P, Reudelsterz M, Seifried J, Selhorst P, Sköld A, Uchtenhagen H, van Gils MJ, Weber C, Shattock R, Scarlatti G. Erratum to: Rational design of HIV vaccine and microbicides: report of the EUROPRISE annual conference. Lab Invest 2010. [PMCID: PMC2940782 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-8-82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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19
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Wahren B, Biswas P, Borggren M, Coleman A, Da Costa K, De Haes W, Dieltjens T, Dispinseri S, Grupping K, Hallengärd D, Hornig J, Klein K, Mainetti L, Palma P, Reudelsterz M, Seifried J, Selhorst P, Sköld A, van Gils MJ, Weber C, Shattock R, Scarlatti G. Rational design of HIV vaccine and microbicides: report of the EUROPRISE annual conference. J Transl Med 2010; 8:72. [PMID: 20659333 PMCID: PMC2922088 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-8-72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2010] [Accepted: 07/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
EUROPRISE is a Network of Excellence sponsored from 2007 to 2011 by the European Commission within the 6th Framework Program. The Network encompasses a wide portfolio of activities ranging from an integrated research program in the field of HIV vaccines and microbicides to training, dissemination and advocacy. The research program covers the whole pipeline of vaccine and microbicide development from discovery to early clinical trials. The Network is composed of 58 partners representing more than 65 institutions from 13 European countries; it also includes three major pharmaceutical companies (GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis and Sanofi-Pasteur) involved in HIV microbicide and vaccine research. The Network displays a dedicated and informative web page: http://www.europrise.org. Finally, a distinguishing trait of EUROPRISE is its PhD School of students from across Europe, a unique example in the world of science aimed at spreading excellence through training. EUROPRISE held its second annual conference in Budapest in November, 2009. The conference had 143 participants and their presentations covered aspects of vaccine and microbicide research, development and discovery. Since training is a major task of the Network, the students of the EUROPRISE PhD program summarized certain presentations and their view of the conference in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Stefania Dispinseri
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Lara Mainetti
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Palma
- University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Caroline Weber
- Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, Lyon, France
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20
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Dispinseri S, Cavarelli M, van Nuenen A, Schuitemaker H, Scarlatti G. P07-04. HIV-1 evolution in mother to child transmission and pediatric disease progression. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767585 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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21
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Fenyö EM, Heath A, Dispinseri S, Holmes H, Lusso P, Zolla-Pazner S, Donners H, Heyndrickx L, Alcami J, Bongertz V, Jassoy C, Malnati M, Montefiori D, Moog C, Morris L, Osmanov S, Polonis V, Sattentau Q, Schuitemaker H, Sutthent R, Wrin T, Scarlatti G. International network for comparison of HIV neutralization assays: the NeutNet report. PLoS One 2009; 4:e4505. [PMID: 19229336 PMCID: PMC2640999 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0004505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2008] [Accepted: 01/01/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutralizing antibody assessments play a central role in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) vaccine development but it is unclear which assay, or combination of assays, will provide reliable measures of correlates of protection. To address this, an international collaboration (NeutNet) involving 18 independent participants was organized to compare different assays. METHODS Each laboratory evaluated four neutralizing reagents (TriMab, 447-52D, 4E10, sCD4) at a given range of concentrations against a panel of 11 viruses representing a wide range of genetic subtypes and phenotypes. A total of 16 different assays were compared. The assays utilized either uncloned virus produced in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) (virus infectivity assays, VI assays), or their Env-pseudotyped (gp160) derivatives produced in 293T cells (PSV assays) from molecular clones or uncloned virus. Target cells included PBMC and genetically-engineered cell lines in either a single- or multiple-cycle infection format. Infection was quantified by using a range of assay read-outs that included extracellular or intracellular p24 antigen detection, RNA quantification and luciferase and beta-galactosidase reporter gene expression. FINDINGS PSV assays were generally more sensitive than VI assays, but there were important differences according to the virus and inhibitor used. For example, for TriMab, the mean IC50 was always lower in PSV than in VI assays. However, with 4E10 or sCD4 some viruses were neutralized with a lower IC50 in VI assays than in the PSV assays. Inter-laboratory concordance was slightly better for PSV than for VI assays with some viruses, but for other viruses agreement between laboratories was limited and depended on both the virus and the neutralizing reagent. CONCLUSIONS The NeutNet project demonstrated clear differences in assay sensitivity that were dependent on both the neutralizing reagent and the virus. No single assay was capable of detecting the entire spectrum of neutralizing activities. Since it is not known which in vitro assay correlates with in vivo protection, a range of neutralization assays is recommended for vaccine evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Maria Fenyö
- Department of Microbiology, Dermatology and Infection, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alan Heath
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Stefania Dispinseri
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Harvey Holmes
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Lusso
- Unit of Human Virology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Susan Zolla-Pazner
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Helen Donners
- Department of Microbiology, Virology Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Leo Heyndrickx
- Department of Microbiology, Virology Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jose Alcami
- Unidad de Immunopatologia del SIDA, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vera Bongertz
- Laboratory of AIDS and Molecular Immunology, Fundação Oswaldo Crusz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Mauro Malnati
- Unit of Human Virology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - David Montefiori
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Christiane Moog
- Pathogénie des infections persistantes, University Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France
| | - Lynn Morris
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Saladin Osmanov
- WHO-UNAIDS HIV Vaccine Initiative (IVR/HVI), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Victoria Polonis
- Department of Vaccine Research, Henry Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Quentin Sattentau
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hanneke Schuitemaker
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Sanquin Research, Landsteiner Laboratory, Center for Infectious Diseases and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA) at the Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ruengpung Sutthent
- Faculty of Microbiology, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, National HIV Repository and Bioinformatic Center, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Terri Wrin
- Monogram Biosciences Inc, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Gabriella Scarlatti
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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22
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Cavarelli M, Dispinseri S, Ripamonti C, Karlsson I, Antonsson L, Plebani A, Fenyö EM, Scarlatti G. Virus phenotype variability during disease progression of HIV-1 infected children. Retrovirology 2008. [DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-5-s1-o28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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