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Hidki A, Peng JX, Singh SK, Khalid M, Asjad M. Entanglement and quantum coherence of two YIG spheres in a hybrid Laguerre-Gaussian cavity optomechanics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11204. [PMID: 38755238 PMCID: PMC11099069 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61670-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
We theoretically investigate continuous variable entanglement and macroscopic quantum coherence in the hybrid L-G rotational cavity optomechanical system containing two YIG spheres. In this system, a single L-G cavity mode and both magnon modes (which are due to the collective excitation of spins in two YIG spheres) are coupled through the magnetic dipole interaction whereas the L-G cavity mode can also exchange orbital angular momentum (OAM) with the rotating mirror (RM). We study in detail the effects of various physical parameters like cavity and both magnon detunings, environment temperature, optorotational and magnon coupling strengths on the bipartite entanglement and the macroscopic quantum coherence as well. We also explore parameter regimes to achieve maximum values for both of these quantum correlations. We also observed that the parameters regime for achieving maximum bipartite entanglement is completely different from macroscopic quantum coherence. So, our present study shall provide a method to control various nonclassical quantum correlations of macroscopic objects in the hybrid L-G rotational cavity optomechanical system and have potential applications in quantum sensing, quantum meteorology, and quantum information science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkader Hidki
- LPTHE, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Jia-Xin Peng
- School of Physics and Electronic Electrical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300, China
| | - S K Singh
- Process Systems Engineering Centre (PROSPECT), Research Institute of Sustainable Environment (RISE), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
- Graphene and Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - M Khalid
- Sunway Centre for Electrochemical Energy and Sustainable Technology (SCEEST), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan University, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - M Asjad
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Sciences, Khalifa University, 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
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Azad MA, Najeh T, Raina AK, Singh N, Ansari A, Ali M, Fissha Y, Gamil Y, Singh SK. Development of correlations between various engineering rockmass classification systems using railway tunnel data in Garhwal Himalaya, India. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10716. [PMID: 38729957 PMCID: PMC11087513 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60289-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Engineering rockmass classifications are an integral part of design, support and excavation procedures of tunnels, mines, and other underground structures. These classifications are directly linked to ground reaction and support requirements. Various classification systems are in practice and are still evolving. As different classifications serve different purposes, it is imperative to establish inter-correlatability between them. The rating systems and engineering judgements influence the assignment of ratings owing to cognition. To understand the existing correlation between different classification systems, the existing correlations were evaluated with the help of data of 34 locations along a 618-m-long railway tunnel in the Garhwal Himalaya of India and new correlations were developed between different rock classifications. The analysis indicates that certain correlations, such as RMR-Q, RMR-RMi, RMi-Q, and RSR-Q, are comparable to the previously established relationships, while others, such as RSR-RMR, RCR-Qn, and GSI-RMR, show weak correlations. These deviations in published correlations may be due to individual parameters of estimation or measurement errors. Further, incompatible classification systems exhibited low correlations. Thus, the study highlights a need to revisit existing correlations, particularly for rockmass conditions that are extremely complex, and the predictability of existing correlations exhibit high variations. In addition to augmenting the existing database, new correlations for metamorphic rocks in the Himalayan region have been developed and presented that can serve as a guide for future rock engineering projects in such formations and aid in developing appropriate excavation and rock support methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Alquamar Azad
- Department of Geology (Centre for Advanced Studies), University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
| | - Taoufik Najeh
- Operation and Maintenance, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, Sweden.
| | - Autar K Raina
- CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research (Ministry of Science & Technology, Govt. of India), Nagpur Research Center 17/C, Telangkhedi Area, Civil Lines, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Postal Staff College Area, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Neelratan Singh
- CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research (Ministry of Science & Technology, Govt. of India), Nagpur Research Center 17/C, Telangkhedi Area, Civil Lines, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440001, India
| | - Abdullah Ansari
- Earthquake Monitoring Center, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, 123, Oman
- Department of Civil Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Mujahid Ali
- Department of Transport Systems, Traffic Engineering and Logistics, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8 Street, Katowice, Poland
| | - Yewuhalashet Fissha
- Department of Geosciences, Geotechnology and Materials Engineering for Resources, Graduate School of International Resource Sciences, Akita University, Akita, 010-8502, Japan.
| | - Yaser Gamil
- Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - S K Singh
- Department of Geology (Centre for Advanced Studies), University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
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Arora A, Kumar S, Kumar S, Singh SK, Dua A, Singh BK. Natural product inspired diastereoselective synthesis of sugar-derived pyrano[3,2-c]quinolones and their in-silico studies. Carbohydr Res 2024; 539:109105. [PMID: 38583285 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report the development of a diastereoselective and efficient route to construct sugar-derived pyrano[3,2-c]quinolones utilizing 1-C-formyl glycal and 4-hydroxy quinolone annulation. This methodology will open a route to synthesize nature inspired pyrano[3,2-c]quinolones. This is the first report for the stereoselective synthesis of sugar-derived pyrano[3,2-c]quinolones, where 100% stereoselectivity was observed. A total of sixteen compounds have been synthesized in excellent yields with 100% stereoselectivity. The molecular docking of the synthesized novel natural product analogues demonstrated their binding modes within the active site of type II topoisomerase. The results of the in-silico studies displayed more negative binding energies for the all the synthesized compounds in comparison to the natural product huajiosimuline A, indicating their affinity for the active pocket. Ten out of the sixteen novel synthesized compounds were found to have comparative or relatively more negative binding energy in comparison to the standard anti-cancer drug, doxorubicin. Additionally, the scalability and viability of this protocol was illustrated by the gram scale synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Arora
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India; Department of Chemistry, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Sunil K Singh
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India; Department of Chemistry, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Amita Dua
- Department of Chemistry, Dyal Singh College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Brajendra K Singh
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
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Kumar S, Arora A, Singh SK, Kumar R, Shankar B, Singh BK. Phenyliodine bis(trifluoroacetate) as a sustainable reagent: exploring its significance in organic synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:3109-3185. [PMID: 38529599 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01964k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Iodine-containing molecules, especially hypervalent iodine compounds, have gained significant attention in organic synthesis. They are valuable and sustainable reagents, leading to a remarkable surge in their use for chemical transformations. One such hypervalent iodine compound, phenyliodine bis(trifluoroacetate)/bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodobenzene, commonly referred to as PIFA, has emerged as a prominent candidate due to its attributes of facile manipulation, moderate reactivity, low toxicity, and ready availability. PIFA presents an auspicious prospect as a substitute for costly organometallic catalysts and environmentally hazardous oxidants containing heavy metals. PIFA exhibits remarkable catalytic activity, facilitating an array of consequential organic reactions, including sulfenylation, alkylarylation, oxidative coupling, cascade reactions, amination, amidation, ring-rearrangement, carboxylation, and numerous others. Over the past decade, the application of PIFA in synthetic chemistry has witnessed substantial growth, necessitating an updated exploration of this field. In this discourse, we present a concise overview of PIFA's applications as a 'green' reagent in the domain of synthetic organic chemistry. A primary objective of this article is to bring to the forefront the scientific community's awareness of the merits associated with adopting PIFA as an environmentally conscientious alternative to heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
| | - Aditi Arora
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
| | - Sunil K Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, R.D.S College, B.R.A. Bihar University, Muzaffarpur-842002, India
| | - Bhawani Shankar
- Department of Chemistry, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110019, India
| | - Brajendra K Singh
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
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Kumar R, Patel K, Singh SK. Biological wastewater treatment: a comprehensive sustainability analysis using life cycle assessment. Environ Monit Assess 2024; 196:416. [PMID: 38570390 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12578-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The research conducts a life cycle assessment (LCA) on wastewater treatment (WWT) methods-membrane bioreactor (MBR), soil biotechnology (SBT), and bio-electrochemical constructed wetlands (BCW)-in comparison with the conventional activated sludge process (ASP). Employing SimaPro v9.5 with a cradle-to-gate system boundary, the analysis utilizes the IMPACT 2002 + method, employing per cubic meter of treated wastewater as the functional unit. The analysis shows that SBT exhibits the lowest environmental impacts among the considered WWT methods. The global warming potential was 0.0996 kg CO2 eq. for SBT, 1.33 kg CO2 eq. for MBR, 0.131 kg CO2 eq. for BCW, and 0.544 kg CO2 eq. for ASP. BCW demonstrates a 75.91% decrease, while MBR exhibits a 144.48% increase compared to ASP. Notably, electricity consumption emerges as the primary contributor to environmental impact in MBR and ASP. The resource impact category varies with a 138.15% increase in MBR and an 83.41% decrease in SBT compared to ASP. Additionally, the research indicates that the high human health impact observed in MBR results mainly from increased carcinogens (0.00176 kg C2H3Cl eq.), non-carcinogens (0.01 kg C2H3Cl eq.), and ionizing radiation (3.34 Bq C-14 eq.). The findings underscore the importance of considering treatment efficiency and broader environmental implications in selecting WWT methods. As the world emphasizes sustainability, such LCA studies provide valuable insights for making informed decisions in wastewater management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh Kumar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Kulvendra Patel
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India.
| | - S K Singh
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India
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Singh M, Singh M, Singh SK. Tackling municipal solid waste crisis in India: Insights into cutting-edge technologies and risk assessment. Sci Total Environ 2024; 917:170453. [PMID: 38296084 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management is a pressing global concern, with increasing interest in Waste-to-Energy Technologies (WTE-T) to divert waste from landfills. However, WTE-T adoption is hindered by financial uncertainties. The economic benefits of MSW treatment and energy generation must be balanced against environmental impact. Integrating cutting-edge technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI) can enhance MSW management strategies and facilitate WTE-T adoption. This review paper explores waste classification, generation, and disposal methods, emphasizing public awareness to reduce waste. It discusses AI's role in waste management, including route optimization, waste composition forecasting, and process parameter optimization for energy generation. Various energy production techniques from MSW, such as high-solids anaerobic digestion, torrefaction, plasma pyrolysis, incineration, gasification, biodegradation, and hydrothermal carbonization, are examined for their advantages and challenges. The paper emphasizes risk assessment in MSW management, covering chemical, mechanical, biological, and health-related risks, aiming to identify and mitigate potential adverse effects. Electronic waste (E-waste) impact on human health and the environment is thoroughly discussed, highlighting the release of hazardous substances and their contribution to air, soil, and water pollution. The paper advocates for circular economy (CE) principles and waste-to-energy solutions to achieve sustainable waste management. It also addresses complexities and constraints faced by developing nations and proposes strategies to overcome them. In conclusion, this comprehensive review underscores the importance of risk assessment, the potential of AI and waste-to-energy solutions, and the need for sustainable waste management to safeguard public health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Singh
- Department of Zoology, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Madhulika Singh
- Department of Botany, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Sunil K Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
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Thejaswini MP, Patra MK, Sharma R, Raza MRA, Sasidharan JK, Karikalan M, Dubal ZB, Ghosh SK, Gaur GK, Singh SK, Krishnaswamy N. Enhancement of progesterone biosynthesis via kisspeptin stimulation: Upregulation of steroidogenic transcripts and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK1/2) expression in the buffalo luteal cells. Theriogenology 2024; 220:108-115. [PMID: 38507824 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The presence of Kisspeptin (Kp) and its receptors in the corpus luteum (CL) of buffalo has recently been demonstrated. In this study, we investigated the role of Kp in the modulation of progesterone (P4) synthesis in vitro. The primary culture of bubaline luteal cells (LCs) was treated with 10, 50, and 100 nM of Kp and Kp antagonist (KpA) alongside a vehicle control. The combined effect of Kp and KpA was assessed at 100 nM concentration. Intracellular response to Kp treatment in the LCs was assessed by examining transcript profiles (LHR, STAR, CYP11A1, HSD3B1, and ERK1/2) using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In addition, the immunolocalization of ERK1/2 and phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) in the LCs was studied using immunocytochemistry. Accumulation of P4 from the culture supernatant was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results indicated that LCs had a greater p-ERK1/2 expression in the Kp treatment groups. A significant increase in the P4 concentration was recorded at 50 nM and 100 nM Kp, while KpA did not affect the basal concentration of P4. However, the addition of KpA to the Kp-treated group at 100 nM concentration suppressed the Kp-induced P4 accumulation into a concentration similar to the control. There was significant upregulation of ERK1/2 and CYP11A1 expressions in the Kp-treated LCs at 100 nM (18.1 and 37fold, respectively, p < 0.01). However, the addition of KpA to Kp-treated LCs modulated ERK1/2, LHR, STAR, CYP11A1, and HSD3B1 at 100 nM concentration. It can be concluded that Kp at 100 nM stimulated P4 production, while the addition of KpA suppressed Kp-induced P4 production in the buffalo LCs culture. Furthermore, an increment in p-ERK1/2 expression in the LCs indicated activation of the Kp signaling pathway was associated with luteal steroidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Thejaswini
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) -Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, 243 122, India
| | - M K Patra
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) -Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, 243 122, India; Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR, IVRI, Izatnagar, 243 122, India.
| | - R Sharma
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) -Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, 243 122, India
| | - Md R A Raza
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR, IVRI, Izatnagar, 243 122, India
| | - J K Sasidharan
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) -Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, 243 122, India
| | - M Karikalan
- Centre for Wildlife Conservation, Management, and Disease Surveillance, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, 243 122, India
| | - Z B Dubal
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, 243 122, India
| | - S K Ghosh
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) -Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, 243 122, India
| | - G K Gaur
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR, IVRI, Izatnagar, 243 122, India
| | - S K Singh
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) -Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, 243 122, India
| | - N Krishnaswamy
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Hebbal, Bengaluru, 560 024, India
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Madathil PT, Wang C, Singh SK, Gupta A, Rosales KAV, Chung YJ, West KW, Baldwin KW, Pfeiffer LN, Engel LW, Shayegan M. Signatures of Correlated Defects in an Ultraclean Wigner Crystal in the Extreme Quantum Limit. Phys Rev Lett 2024; 132:096502. [PMID: 38489610 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.096502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Low-disorder two-dimensional electron systems in the presence of a strong, perpendicular magnetic field terminate at very small Landau level filling factors in a Wigner crystal (WC), where the electrons form an ordered array to minimize the Coulomb repulsion. The nature of this exotic, many-body, quantum phase is yet to be fully understood and experimentally revealed. Here we probe one of WC's most fundamental parameters, namely, the energy gap that determines its low-temperature conductivity, in record mobility, ultrahigh-purity, two-dimensional electrons confined to GaAs quantum wells. The WC domains in these samples contain ≃1000 electrons. The measured gaps are a factor of three larger than previously reported for lower quality samples, and agree remarkably well with values predicted for the lowest-energy, intrinsic, hypercorrelated bubble defects in a WC made of flux-electron composite fermions, rather than bare electrons. The agreement is particularly noteworthy, given that the calculations are done for disorder-free composite fermion WCs, and there are no adjustable parameters. The results reflect the exceptionally high quality of the samples, and suggest that composite fermion WCs are indeed more stable compared to their electron counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- P T Madathil
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - C Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - S K Singh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - A Gupta
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - K A Villegas Rosales
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Y J Chung
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - K W West
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - K W Baldwin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - L N Pfeiffer
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - L W Engel
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
| | - M Shayegan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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Singh SK, Varma RK, Banerjee A, Rathore KK. Study of wave motion on the emergence of veering, locking, and coupling in periodic composite panels. J Acoust Soc Am 2024; 155:826-836. [PMID: 38299940 DOI: 10.1121/10.0024616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
This research proposes the effect of micropolar-Cosserat (MC) parameters (length-scale parameters and Cosserat shear modulus) on the dispersion characteristics of propagating wave modes in periodic composite panels (PCPs). These inbuilt parameters are due to the assumption of the length-scale boundary conditions that allow for capturing the micro-rotational (MR) wave mode along with the flexural ones. A significant contribution of this study is the transformation of the two-dimensional (2-D) periodic composite problem into a series of one-dimensional (1-D) ones using the MC continuum theory. The analysis employs the transfer matrix method in the framework of the state-space approach to investigate periodic systems in the eigenvalue domain. Additionally, Bloch-Floquet's periodic boundary conditions (PBCs) are applied to the unit cell to ensure the periodicity of the system. The main innovation lies in observing veering, locking, and coupling phenomena, which occur due to alterations in lamina orientation and MC parameters. Moreover, the presence of inbuilt parameters renders the dispersion characteristics highly sensitive to even minor coefficient variations, with a mere 1% change significantly impacting eigenmode fluctuations. The sudden bandgap (BG) disappearing nature could be used to identify the accurate value of the coefficient for designing and analyzing PCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Singh
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Jagti, Nagrota NH-44, India
| | - R K Varma
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Jagti, Nagrota NH-44, India
| | - A Banerjee
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
| | - K K Rathore
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Jagti, Nagrota NH-44, India
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Prasad K, Akshatha H, Pradhan J, Singh SK, Udit K, Saroj N, Mukhim C, Lal MK, Tiwari RK, Ravinder K. Eco-safe composite edible coating of hydrocolloids with papaya leaf extract improves postharvest quality and shelf life of papaya fruit under ambient storage. J Food Sci 2024; 89:1114-1126. [PMID: 38161280 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Papaya postharvest management using low-temperature storage is discouraged as it is a tropical fruit. Extensive research is going on to preserve papaya quality at ambient storage using edible coatings and its composites. The present investigation examined the effects of an eco-safe composite edible coating consisting of hydrocolloid carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) (1%), guar gum (1.5%), xanthan gum (0.3%), and Gum Arabic (10%) combined with papaya leaf extract (PLE) (1:1 ratio by volume) applied as dip treatment on "Red Lady" papaya fruit at ambient storage condition. Among all the attempted treatments, "PLE incorporated with CMC (1%)" was found to be the best, as the treated fruit exhibited the highest levels of biochemicals, whereas the lowest levels of physiological and enzymatic activity, which positively affected the shelf life. The "CMC + PLE" treatment enhanced the fruit gloss score by 70.1%, phenolics by 6.1%, ascorbic acid by 22.3%, total carotenoid content by 7.4%, and fruit predilection score by 22.0% over the control fruit. However, it lowered (controlling) the physiological loss in weight by 51.0%, decay incidence by 66.6%, and polygalacturonase and pectin methylesterase activity by 24.92% and 35.29%, respectively, over control. Moreover, this treatment exhibited the highest fruit purchase predilection score and prolonged the storage life for >3 days on the physiological loss standard basis (≤10%). This study indicates that "CMC (1%) with PLE (1:1)" composite coating application on papaya under ambient conditions might be an effective, environmentally friendly, and health-friendly way to retain the quality and extend the storage life.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Prasad
- Department of Horticulture, Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dholi, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University (RPCAU), Pusa, India
| | - H Akshatha
- Department of Horticulture, Post-Graduate College of Agriculture (PGCA), Pusa, India
| | - J Pradhan
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Post-Graduate College of Agriculture (PGCA), Pusa, India
| | - S K Singh
- Department of Plant Pathology, Post-Graduate College of Agriculture (PGCA), Pusa, India
| | - K Udit
- Department of Horticulture, Post-Graduate College of Agriculture (PGCA), Pusa, India
| | - N Saroj
- Department of Horticulture, Post-Graduate College of Agriculture (PGCA), Pusa, India
| | - C Mukhim
- Department of Horticulture, Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dholi, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University (RPCAU), Pusa, India
| | - M K Lal
- Division of Plant Protection, ICAR-Central Potatao Research Institute, Shimla, India
| | - R K Tiwari
- Division of Plant Protection, ICAR-Central Potatao Research Institute, Shimla, India
| | - K Ravinder
- Division of Plant Protection, ICAR-Central Potatao Research Institute, Shimla, India
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Dhapola R, Beura SK, Sharma P, Singh SK, HariKrishnaReddy D. Oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease: current knowledge of signaling pathways and therapeutics. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:48. [PMID: 38165499 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09021-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease's pathophysiology is still a conundrum. Growing number of evidences have elucidated the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathology of AD rendering it a major target for therapeutic development. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by altered mitochondrial function, dysregulated electron transport chain and other sources elevate aggregated Aβ and neurofibrillary tangles which further stimulating the production of ROS. Oxidative stress induced damage to lipids, proteins and DNA result in neuronal death which leads to AD. In addition, oxidative stress induces apoptosis that is triggered by the modulation of ERK1/2 and Nrf2 pathway followed by increased GSK-3β expression and decreased PP2A activity. Oxidative stress exaggerates disease condition by interfering with various signaling pathways like RCAN1, CREB/ERK, Nrf2, PP2A, NFκB and PI3K/Akt. Studies have reported the role of TNF-α in oxidative stress stimulation that has been regulated by drugs like etanercept increasing the level of anti-oxidants. Other drugs like pramipexole, memantine, carvedilol, and melatonin have been reported to activate CREB/RCAN1 and Nrf2 pathways. In line with this, epigallocatechin gallate and genistein also target Nrf2 and CREB pathway leading to activation of downstream pathways like ARE and Keap1 which ameliorate oxidative stress condition. Donepezil and resveratrol reduce oxidative stress and activate AMPK pathway along with PP2A activation thus promoting tau dephosphorylation and neuronal survival. This study describes in detail the role of oxidative stress in AD, major signaling pathways involving oxidative stress induced AD and drugs under development targeting these pathways which may aid in therapeutic advances for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishika Dhapola
- Advanced Pharmacology and Neuroscience Laboratoty, Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Samir K Beura
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic and Applied Science, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Prajjwal Sharma
- Advanced Pharmacology and Neuroscience Laboratoty, Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Sunil K Singh
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic and Applied Science, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India.
| | - Dibbanti HariKrishnaReddy
- Advanced Pharmacology and Neuroscience Laboratoty, Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India.
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12
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Kumar S, Arora A, Sapra S, Kumar R, Singh BK, Singh SK. Recent advances in the synthesis and utility of thiazoline and its derivatives. RSC Adv 2024; 14:902-953. [PMID: 38174252 PMCID: PMC10759189 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06444a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Thiazolines and their derivatives hold significant importance in the field of medicinal chemistry due to their promising potential as pharmaceutical agents. These molecular entities serve as critical scaffolds within numerous natural products, including curacin A, thiangazole, and mirabazole, and play a vital role in a wide array of physiological reactions. Their pharmacological versatility encompasses anti-HIV, neurological, anti-cancer, and antibiotic activities. Over the course of recent decades, researchers have extensively explored and developed analogs of these compounds, uncovering compelling therapeutic properties such as antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-microbial, and anti-inflammatory effects. Consequently, thiazoline-based compounds have emerged as noteworthy targets for synthetic endeavors. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of recent advancements in the synthesis of thiazolines and thiazoline-based derivatives, along with an exploration of their diverse potential applications across various scientific domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi Delhi-110007 India
| | - Aditi Arora
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi Delhi-110007 India
| | - Shivani Sapra
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi Delhi-110007 India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, R. D. S College, B. R. A. Bihar University Muzaffarpur 842002 India
| | - Brajendra K Singh
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi Delhi-110007 India
| | - Sunil K Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi Delhi-110007 India
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13
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Wang C, Gupta A, Singh SK, Madathil PT, Chung YJ, Pfeiffer LN, Baldwin KW, Winkler R, Shayegan M. Fractional Quantum Hall State at Filling Factor ν=1/4 in Ultra-High-Quality GaAs Two-Dimensional Hole Systems. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:266502. [PMID: 38215363 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.266502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Single-component fractional quantum Hall states (FQHSs) at even-denominator filling factors may host non-Abelian quasiparticles that are considered to be building blocks of topological quantum computers. Such states, however, are rarely observed in the lowest-energy Landau level, namely at filling factors ν<1. Here, we report evidence for an even-denominator FQHS at ν=1/4 in ultra-high-quality two-dimensional hole systems confined to modulation-doped GaAs quantum wells. We observe a deep minimum in the longitudinal resistance at ν=1/4, superimposed on a highly insulating background, suggesting a close competition between the ν=1/4 FQHS and the magnetic-field-induced, pinned Wigner solid states. Our experimental observations are consistent with the very recent theoretical calculations that predict that substantial Landau level mixing, caused by the large hole effective mass, can induce composite fermion pairing and lead to a non-Abelian FQHS at ν=1/4. Our results demonstrate that Landau level mixing can provide a very potent means for tuning the interaction between composite fermions and creating new non-Abelian FQHSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - A Gupta
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - S K Singh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - P T Madathil
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Y J Chung
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - L N Pfeiffer
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - K W Baldwin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - R Winkler
- Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - M Shayegan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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14
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Verma V, Benjwal A, Chhabra A, Singh SK, Kumar S, Gupta BB, Arya V, Chui KT. A novel hybrid model integrating MFCC and acoustic parameters for voice disorder detection. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22719. [PMID: 38123627 PMCID: PMC10733415 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49869-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Voice is an essential component of human communication, serving as a fundamental medium for expressing thoughts, emotions, and ideas. Disruptions in vocal fold vibratory patterns can lead to voice disorders, which can have a profound impact on interpersonal interactions. Early detection of voice disorders is crucial for improving voice health and quality of life. This research proposes a novel methodology called VDDMFS [voice disorder detection using MFCC (Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients), fundamental frequency and spectral centroid] which combines an artificial neural network (ANN) trained on acoustic attributes and a long short-term memory (LSTM) model trained on MFCC attributes. Subsequently, the probabilities generated by both the ANN and LSTM models are stacked and used as input for XGBoost, which detects whether a voice is disordered or not, resulting in more accurate voice disorder detection. This approach achieved promising results, with an accuracy of 95.67%, sensitivity of 95.36%, specificity of 96.49% and f1 score of 96.9%, outperforming existing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyom Verma
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chandigarh College of Engineering and Technology, Sector-26, Chandigarh, India
| | - Anish Benjwal
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chandigarh College of Engineering and Technology, Sector-26, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amit Chhabra
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chandigarh College of Engineering and Technology, Sector-26, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sunil K Singh
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chandigarh College of Engineering and Technology, Sector-26, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sudhakar Kumar
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chandigarh College of Engineering and Technology, Sector-26, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Brij B Gupta
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, 413, Taiwan.
- Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, 02447, Seoul, Korea.
- Symbiosis Centre for Information Technology (SCIT), Symbiosis International University, Pune, India.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lebanese American University, 1102, Beirut, Lebanon.
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, India.
| | - Varsha Arya
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lebanese American University, 1102, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Business Administration, Asia University, Taichung, 413, Taiwan
| | - Kwok Tai Chui
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University (HKMU), Kowloon, Hong Kong
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15
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Singhal AK, Singh G, Singh SK, Karunanand B, Agrawal S. Role of Pro-BNP in predicting outcome in acute heart failure patient presenting to a medical emergency: An observational study from North India. J Family Med Prim Care 2023; 12:3156-3159. [PMID: 38361889 PMCID: PMC10866277 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_853_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Acute heart failure (AHF) is a clinical syndrome defined as the new onset or acutely decompensated heart failure (ADHF) leading to signs and symptoms of heart failure (HF). The critical cut-off values for these biomarkers that suggest high mortality are not clearly defined in previous studies. More studies are required to better understand the correlation of Pro- BNP and its association with HF. The primary objective is to study the role of Pro-BNP and critical factors in predicting outcomes in AHF patients presenting to a medical emergency. Materials and Methods The data from the patients presented with symptoms of HF in the Department of Medical Emergency at our hospital were recorded and analysed. AHF is a clinical syndrome defined as the new onset or ADHF leading to signs and symptoms of HF, as based on the European Society of Cardiology. Results The present study highlights the various risk factors of AHF in patients and their association with mortality. In the present study, mortality in patients with very high Pro-BNP levels ≥2000 pg/ml was significantly higher than in patients with moderately elevated Pro-BNP. The patients who survived after 5 days of hospitalization had Pro-BNP levels ≤2000 pg/ml, suggesting that very high Pro-BNP levels ≥2000 pg/ml are associated with fatal outcomes. Conclusion To conclude, diabetes and sepsis are critical factors for the hospitalization and mortality of patients with AHF in northern India. Very high Pro-BNP levels ≥2000 pg/ml in patients with AHF requiring hospitalization and associated with fatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun K. Singhal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SGT Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Gaurav Singh
- Department of Microbiology, ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Bhita, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - SK Singh
- Department of Medical Health and Family Welfare, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Pilibhit, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Busi Karunanand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SGT Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Sonu Agrawal
- Department of Microbiology, Vimta Labs. Limited, New Delhi, India
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16
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Yadav P, Panigrahi AR, Beura SK, Singh SK. Platelet-derived microvesicles induce intracellular calcium mobilization in human platelets. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:1964-1975. [PMID: 37650361 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Platelet-derived microvesicles (PMVs) represent a significant proportion of microvesicles in circulation and have been linked to various pathophysiological complications. Recent research suggests that PMVs carry significant amounts of cargo that can affect cellular functions by influencing calcium oscillations in target cells. As calcium is involved in multiple cellular processes, including hemostasis and thrombosis, this study aimed to investigate the impact of PMVs on platelet calcium mobilization. The study found that PMVs increase platelet intracellular calcium levels via both intracellular storage and extracellular space in a dose-dependent manner. The study highlighted the critical role of the dense tubular system, acidic vacuoles, mitochondrial stores, and store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) in PMV-mediated calcium release in human platelets. Moreover, the study revealed that PMV-induced calcium rise in platelets does not occur via sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase, and extracellular calcium addition further increases the calcium level in platelets, demonstrating the involvement of SOCE. These findings provide insights into the platelet stimulation signaling mechanisms and contributes to our understanding of platelet and cell behavior when exposed to PMV-rich environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Yadav
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Abhishek R Panigrahi
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Samir K Beura
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Sunil K Singh
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
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17
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Singh SK, Kashyap GC, Sharma H, Mondal S, Legare CH. Changes in discourse on unmet need for family planning among married women in India: evidence from NFHS-5 (2019-2021). Sci Rep 2023; 13:20464. [PMID: 37993605 PMCID: PMC10665352 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47191-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Unmet needs for contraception in India have declined over time but the rate has not been uniform among women across geographies and socio-economic strata. Identifying the characteristics of women in communities where unmet need is still high is important to devise appropriate strategies to ensure access and uptake of modern contraceptive methods. The current study examined whether there was a national decline in unmet need over time and if regional disparities exist in unmet need. Demographic variations in unmet need based on factors such as maternal age, education, religion, caste, wealth index quintile, family size, and access to antenatal care (ANC) were also documented. Our approach was to document the prevalence of total unmet need for family planning and unmet need for spacing among married Indian women and quantify variability based on socio-economic and demographic drivers within a hierarchal framework, thus providing both macro and micro perspectives. We used data from the fourth and fifth rounds of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) collected from all the States and Union Territories (UTs) in India. Quantile regression analysis and multilevel regression techniques were used to understand the predictors for the total unmet need for family planning and the unmet need for spacing. Results show a considerable decline in the prevalence of unmet need for family planning in India from NFHS-4 to 5 (from 12.9 to 9.3%) in the last six6 years. The north-eastern states show a significant reduction in unmet need for family planning in Manipur (17.8%), Nagaland (13.5%), and followed by Sikkim (9.1%). The predictors such as years of schooling, place of residence, caste, religion, wealth quintile, number of antenatal care (ANC) visits, and children ever born have a significant association with unmet needs for family planning and spacing among married women in India. There is a significant association between years of schooling with the total unmet needs for family planning at (q25) quantiles and the unmet need for spacing at (q25, q50) quantiles. Results reveal that the demand for unmet need for spacing and limiting was the highest among the women in the age categories 15-19 (17.8%) and 20-24 (17.3%). The demand for limiting was the highest (6.8%) among Muslim women. Across wealth quantile categories, the overall unmet demand (11.4%) for spacing and limiting was the highest among the women in the lowest socioeconomic groups. We conclude that greater access to frontline health workers among young wives, and significant investment in education in general, will continue to reduce the unmet needs for family planning in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Singh
- Department of Survey Research and Data Analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Deonar, Mumbai, 400088, India
| | - G C Kashyap
- Institute of Health Management Research, Bangalore, 560105, India
| | - Himani Sharma
- Department of Survey Research and Data Analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Deonar, Mumbai, 400088, India.
| | - Sudipta Mondal
- Measurement, Learning and Evaluation, Project Concern International (PCI), New Delhi, 110020, India
| | - C H Legare
- Department of Psychology, Center for Applied Cognitive Science, Population Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA
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18
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Beura SK, Dhapola R, Panigrahi AR, Yadav P, Kumar R, Reddy DH, Singh SK. Antiplatelet drugs: Potential therapeutic options for the management of neurodegenerative diseases. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:1835-1877. [PMID: 37132460 DOI: 10.1002/med.21965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The blood platelet plays an important role but often remains under-recognized in several vascular complications and associated diseases. Surprisingly, platelet hyperactivity and hyperaggregability have often been considered the critical risk factors for developing vascular dysfunctions in several neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and multiple sclerosis. In addition, platelet structural and functional impairments promote prothrombotic and proinflammatory environment that can aggravate the progression of several NDDs. These findings provide the rationale for using antiplatelet agents not only to prevent morbidity but also to reduce mortality caused by NDDs. Therefore, we thoroughly review the evidence supporting the potential pleiotropic effects of several novel classes of synthetic antiplatelet drugs, that is, cyclooxygenase inhibitors, adenosine diphosphate receptor antagonists, protease-activated receptor blockers, and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors in NDDs. Apart from this, the review also emphasizes the recent developments of selected natural antiplatelet phytochemicals belonging to key classes of plant-based bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, alkaloids, terpenoids, and flavonoids as potential therapeutic candidates in NDDs. We believe that the broad analysis of contemporary strategies and specific approaches for plausible therapeutic treatment for NDDs presented in this review could be helpful for further successful research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir K Beura
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Rishika Dhapola
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Abhishek R Panigrahi
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Pooja Yadav
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Reetesh Kumar
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dibbanti H Reddy
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Sunil K Singh
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
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19
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Panigrahi AR, Yadav P, Beura SK, Singh J, Dastider SG, Singh SK, Mondal K. Probing interaction of atherogenic lysophosphatidylcholine with functionalized graphene nanosheets: theoretical modelling and experimental validation. J Mol Model 2023; 29:310. [PMID: 37688762 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05717-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The potential of graphene derivatives for theranostic applications depends on their compatibility with cellular and biomolecular components. Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), a lipid component present in oxidized low-density lipoproteins, microvesicles and free circulation in blood, plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of various diseases. Using density functional theory-based methods, we systematically investigated the interaction of atherogenic LPC molecule with different derivatives of graphene, including pristine graphene, graphene with defect, N-doped graphene, amine-functionalized graphene, various graphene oxides and hydroxylated graphene oxides. We observed that the adsorption of LPC on graphene derivatives is highly selective based on the orientation of the functional groups of LPC interacting with the surface of the derivatives. Hydroxylated graphene oxide exhibited the strongest interaction with LPC with adsorption energy of - 2.1 eV due to the interaction between the hydroxyl group on graphene and the phosphate group of LPC. The presence of aqueous medium further enhanced this interaction indicating favourable adsorption of LPC and graphene oxide in biological systems. Such strong interaction leads to substantial change in the electronic structure of the LPC molecule, which results in the activation of this molecule. In contrast, amine-modified graphene showed the least interaction. These theoretical results are in line with our experimental fluorescence spectroscopic data of LPC/1-anilino-8-napthalene sulfonic acid complex. Our present comprehensive investigation employing both theoretical and experimental methods provides a deeper understanding of graphene-lipid interaction, which holds paramount importance in the design and fabrication of graphene-based nanomaterials for biomedical applications. METHODS In this study, we employed the density functional theory-based methods to investigate the electronic and structural properties of graphene derivatives and LPC molecule using the Quantum Espresso package. The exchange-correlation functional was described within generalized gradient approximation (GGA) as parameterized by Perdew, Burke and Ernzerhof (PBE). The valence electrons were represented using plane wave basis sets. `The Grimme's dispersion method was used to include the van der Waals dispersion correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek R Panigrahi
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Pooja Yadav
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Samir K Beura
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Jyoti Singh
- Department of Applied Agriculture, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Saptarshi G Dastider
- Department of Physics, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Sunil K Singh
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India.
| | - Krishnakanta Mondal
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India.
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20
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Singh SK, Lhungdim H, Shekhar C, Dwivedi LK, Pedgaonkar S, James KS. Key drivers of reversal of trend in childhood anaemia in India: evidence from Indian demographic and health surveys, 2016-21. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1574. [PMID: 37596564 PMCID: PMC10436448 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16398-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Recent National Family Health Survey results portray striking improvements in most population and health indicators, including fertility, family planning, maternal and child health, gender treatment, household environments, and health insurance coverage of the Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY), with all India resonance. However, the prevalence of any anaemia (< 11 g/dl) among children under age five has exhibited a reversed trajectory in recent years. Therefore, the present study explores key drivers of the reversal of the trend in the prevalence of childhood anaemia between 2015 and2021. METHODS Data of four rounds of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) were used to show the overall trend of anaemia among children. However, for the analysis of key drivers of the reversal trend of childhood anaemia, only the recent two rounds (NFHS-4 & NFHS-5) were used. Descriptive, bivariate multivariable analysis and Fairlie decomposition model were used to explore the drivers of the reversal of the trend in childhood anaemia. RESULTS During the past two decades, India has seen a decline in the prevalence of childhood anaemia (NFHS-2 to NFHS-4). However, a reversal of trend was observed recently. The prevalence of anaemia among children aged 6-59 months increased from 59 percent in NFHS-4 to 67 percent in NFHS-5. In addition, the prevalence of mild anaemia increased from 23.3 percent in NFHS-2 to 28.7 percent in NFHS-5. However, the prevalence of moderate and severe anaemia declined considerably from NFHS-2 (40 percent and 4.1 percent) to NFHS-4 (28.7 percent and 1.6 percent), but showed an increase in the prevalence in NFHS-5 (36.3 percent and 2.2 percent). Among others, mothers' educational attainment, anaemia status and socio-economic status emerge as the key drivers of the change in the prevalence of childhood anaemia. CONCLUSION These findings may have vital implications for the ongoing Anaemia Mukt Bharat Programme, one of the government's dream projects in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Singh
- Department of Survey Research and Data Analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India.
| | - H Lhungdim
- Department of Public Health & Mortality Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Chander Shekhar
- Department of Fertility Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - L K Dwivedi
- Department of Survey Research and Data Analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - S Pedgaonkar
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - K S James
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
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21
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Singh S, Kumar R, Payra S, Singh SK. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Pharmacological Research: Bridging the Gap Between Data and Drug Discovery. Cureus 2023; 15:e44359. [PMID: 37779744 PMCID: PMC10539991 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed pharmacological research through machine learning, deep learning, and natural language processing. These advancements have greatly influenced drug discovery, development, and precision medicine. AI algorithms analyze vast biomedical data identifying potential drug targets, predicting efficacy, and optimizing lead compounds. AI has diverse applications in pharmacological research, including target identification, drug repurposing, virtual screening, de novo drug design, toxicity prediction, and personalized medicine. AI improves patient selection, trial design, and real-time data analysis in clinical trials, leading to enhanced safety and efficacy outcomes. Post-marketing surveillance utilizes AI-based systems to monitor adverse events, detect drug interactions, and support pharmacovigilance efforts. Machine learning models extract patterns from complex datasets, enabling accurate predictions and informed decision-making, thus accelerating drug discovery. Deep learning, specifically convolutional neural networks (CNN), excels in image analysis, aiding biomarker identification and optimizing drug formulation. Natural language processing facilitates the mining and analysis of scientific literature, unlocking valuable insights and information. However, the adoption of AI in pharmacological research raises ethical considerations. Ensuring data privacy and security, addressing algorithm bias and transparency, obtaining informed consent, and maintaining human oversight in decision-making are crucial ethical concerns. The responsible deployment of AI necessitates robust frameworks and regulations. The future of AI in pharmacological research is promising, with integration with emerging technologies like genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics offering the potential for personalized medicine and targeted therapies. Collaboration among academia, industry, and regulatory bodies is essential for the ethical implementation of AI in drug discovery and development. Continuous research and development in AI techniques and comprehensive training programs will empower scientists and healthcare professionals to fully exploit AI's potential, leading to improved patient outcomes and innovative pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, IND
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, IND
| | - Shuvasree Payra
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, IND
| | - Sunil K Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, IND
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Prasad JVNS, Veni VG, Srinivasarao C, Kundu S, Ramakrishna B, Sammi Reddy K, Singh R, Singh SK, Murai AS, Rohilla PP, Makkar GS, Rampal VK, Grover J, Brar JS, Goyal NK, Jakhar DS, Kiran BVS, Singh VK, Bhaskar S. Can adoption of climate resilient management practices achieve carbon neutrality in traditional green revolution states of Punjab and Haryana? J Environ Manage 2023; 338:117761. [PMID: 37030142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Decreasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and enhancing soil carbon (C) sequestration in cropland are necessary to achieve carbon neutrality at national scale. The major objective of this study is to quantify the GHG mitigation potential of adopted climate resilient (CR) practices in CR villages using Ex-ACT tool developed by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Intensively cultivated area of Punjab and Haryana was selected for carrying out this study. In both the states, villages were selected by considering the climate for past 30 years. In the selected villages, a set of CR practices were implemented in annuals, perennials, irrigated rice, fertilizer use, land use change and livestock and quantified the GHG mitigation potential in these villages for next twenty years. The tool predicted that the CR practices adopted were successful in enhancing the overall sink (carbon balance) in all the study villages. The villages of Punjab had recorded higher mitigation potential as compared to the villages of Haryana. The overall sink potential in these villages ranged from -354 to -38309 Mg CO2-eq. The change in sink potential varied from 3.16 to 112% with lowest in Radauri and highest in Badhauchhi kalan village. The sink potential got doubled in Badhauchhi kalan village due to stopping rice straw burning and increase in area under perennials by 25%. The source potential varied from 6.33 to -7.44% across the study villages. Even with the implementation of NICRA, there was increase in source by 5.58 and 6.33% in Killi Nihal Singh Wala and Radauri due to irrigated rice, land use change and livestock. Majorly, rice straw burning was seen in most of the study villages, yet, with proper residue management and adoption of CR practices (mainly intermittent flooding) in rice cultivation resulted in emissions reduction up to 5-26% with enhanced productivity up to 15-18%, which can be considered for scaling up. Fertilizer management reduced the emissions by average of 13% across the study villages. Farm gate emission intensity per ton of milk and rice recorded highest emission intensity compared to annuals and perennials suggesting strict implementation of CR practices in rice cultivation and livestock sector. Implementation and scaling up of CR practices could potentially reduce the emissions and make the village C negative in intensive rice-wheat production system.
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Affiliation(s)
- J V N S Prasad
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Santoshnagar, Saidabad P.O., Hyderabad, 500 059, India
| | - V Girija Veni
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Santoshnagar, Saidabad P.O., Hyderabad, 500 059, India
| | - Ch Srinivasarao
- ICAR-National Academy of Agricultural Research Management, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, 500 030, India
| | - Sumanta Kundu
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Santoshnagar, Saidabad P.O., Hyderabad, 500 059, India.
| | - B Ramakrishna
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Santoshnagar, Saidabad P.O., Hyderabad, 500 059, India
| | - K Sammi Reddy
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Santoshnagar, Saidabad P.O., Hyderabad, 500 059, India
| | - Rajbir Singh
- ICAR-Agricultural Technology Application Research Institute, Zone-I, Ludhiana, India
| | - S K Singh
- ICAR-Agricultural Technology Application Research Institute Zone-II, Jodhpur, India
| | - Ashish Santosh Murai
- ICAR-Agricultural Technology Application Research Institute, Zone-I, Ludhiana, India
| | - P P Rohilla
- ICAR-Agricultural Technology Application Research Institute Zone-II, Jodhpur, India
| | | | | | | | | | - N K Goyal
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Yamunanagar, Haryana, India
| | - D S Jakhar
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Sirsa, Haryana, India
| | - B V S Kiran
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Santoshnagar, Saidabad P.O., Hyderabad, 500 059, India
| | - V K Singh
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Santoshnagar, Saidabad P.O., Hyderabad, 500 059, India
| | - S Bhaskar
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
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Singh SK, Jaiswal AK, Verma M. Is there a ubiquitous association between sleep disorder and frailty? findings from LASI (2017-18). BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:429. [PMID: 37438687 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04148-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relatively little is known about how sleep disorders affect frailty of seniors. The study uses Fried's frailty index, to investigate the relationship between sleep disorder and frailty among older Indian adults. METHODS The study analysed Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (2017-18) data which uses a multistage stratified area probability cluster sampling design. The association between frailty was studied for which the total sample size was 31,902. The principal dependent variable was frailty. Descriptive statistics and cross-tabulation were presented in the study. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to fulfil the study objectives to find the possible association. RESULTS The prevalence of frailty in India was 21.3 percent. Older adults with sleep disorder had 66 percent higher likelihood to be frail than their counterparts. The benefits of physical activity in containing frailty is huge, the association were quite high. Poor Self-rated health was significantly associated with higher frailty (OR = 1.73; CI = 1.47-2.04). CONCLUSIONS Frailty is an enormously growing public health issue and has bi-directional relation with sleep disorders. The study has clinical relevance since sleep complaints offer a means for identifying those who are vulnerable to frailty and through appropriate intervention, the causes of sleep disorder would help to delay and in some cases reverse frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Singh
- Department of Survey Research and Data Analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Ajit K Jaiswal
- Department of Fertility Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Madhur Verma
- Assistant Professor of Community/Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bathinda (Punjab), Punjab, India
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Goyal D, Haritash AK, Singh SK. Hydrogeochemical characterisation and geospatial analysis of groundwater for drinking water quality in Ludhiana district of Punjab, India. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 195:653. [PMID: 37162599 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11220-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This study characterises the quality of groundwater for the Ludhiana district of Punjab, India by analysing water samples collected from 152 locations spread across 3767 km2. The samples were analysed for 18 parameters consisting of pH, EC, TDS, TA, TH, major anions and cations. The parameter values have been used to calculate the drinking water quality index of the study area which suggests that 2.6, 57.9, 32.9, 4 and 2.6% of the samples fall under the excellent, good, poor, very poor and unsuitable categories, respectively. The sequence of abundance for ions (in meq/l) as revealed from the laboratory tests is Na+ (37.1%) > Ca2+ (30.8%) > Mg2+ (29.1%) > K+ (2.8%) for cations and HCO3- (80%) > Cl¯ (8.9%) > CO32- (6.5%) > SO42- (3.9%) > NO3-, F-, PO43- (< 1%) for anions. The spatial variability of these parameters has been depicted through the use of interpolation maps. Evaluation of different ionic ratios indicates that carbonate weathering and silicate weathering are both significantly affecting the groundwater chemistry with a slight dominance of carbonate weathering. Also, the ion exchange process is taking place in the area as confirmed by CAI index values. In terms of saturation index, the groundwater is undersaturated with respect to halite, fluorite and sylvite, whereas it is supersaturated for calcite, dolomite and aragonite minerals. The principal components in PCA explained 75.4% of the total variance with 29.1 and 28.3% contributions from PC1 and PC2. Both of these components indicate towards the geogenic and anthropogenic influence on groundwater mineralization of the area. The analysis suggests that groundwater for the study area is suitable for drinking in most of the region expect in a few places. Such a study could be used to understand the current status of groundwater quality in the area, the results of which can be used to prevent further contamination and sustain the resource for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepali Goyal
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India.
| | - A K Haritash
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - S K Singh
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India
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K Sharma V, Mangla P, K Singh S, K Prasad A. Triazole-linked nucleic acids: Synthesis, therapeutics and synthetic biology applications. Curr Org Synth 2023:COS-EPUB-131388. [PMID: 37138439 DOI: 10.2174/1570179420666230502123950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This article covers the triazole-linked nucleic acids where the triazole linkage (TL) replaces the natural phosphate backbone. The replacement is done at either a few selected linkages or all the phosphate linkages. Two triazole linkages, the four-atom TL1 and the six-atom TL2, have been discussed in detail. These triazole-modified oligonucleotides have found a wide range of applications, from therapeutics to synthetic biology. For example, the triazole-linked oligonucleotides have been used in the antisense oligonucleotide (ASO), small interfering RNA (siRNA) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 technology as therapeutic agents. Due to the ease of the synthesis and a wide range of biocompatibility, the triazole linkage TL2 has been used to assemble a functional 300-mer DNA from alkyne- and azide-functionalized 100-mer oligonucleotides as well as an epigenetically modified variant of a 335 base-pair gene from ten short oligonucleotides. These outcomes highlight the potential of triazole-linked nucleic acids and open the doors for other TL designs and artificial backbones to fully exploit the vast potential of artificial nucleic acids in therapeutics, synthetic biology and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Mattapan, MA 02126, USA
- MassBiologics of the University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Mattapan, MA 02126, USA
| | - Priyanka Mangla
- Oligonucleotide Discovery, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sunil K Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India
| | - Ashok K Prasad
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India
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Kaundal P, Mavuduru RS, Bora GS, Mete UK, Singh SK. Quality of life, voiding & sexual dysfunction following robot-assisted vesicovaginal fistula repair: a tertiary care centre experience. J Robot Surg 2023:10.1007/s11701-023-01599-7. [PMID: 37055673 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-023-01599-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Robot-assisted VVF (RA-VVF) repair has the advantage of small cystotomy, precise dissection and minimal surrounding tissue trauma. Translation of this to better functional outcomes is not studied so far. This study aims to evaluate the quality of life, voiding, and sexual dysfunction following robot-assisted VVF repair. Women with successful RA-VVF repair were screened using UDI-6, IIQ-7, FSFI, and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaires. The preoperative assessment was done in the prospective cohort only. Of the 75 women who underwent RA-VVF repair, 47 were enrolled, 33 in retrospective, and 14 in a prospective cohort. Overall, 28 (60%) women had urinary complaints with a median UDI-6 total score of 4 (0-100) and IIQ-7 score (0-23) in 5 (10%) women. However, UDS (15 women) showed no DO with cystometric capacity (352 ± 98.12) ml and normal compliance in 14 (93%) women. Mean BOOI and DCI were 11.90 ± 7.01 and 44.25 ± 8.60 respectively, with PdetQmax ranging from 17 to 44. None had difficulty in voiding (Qmax 13.85 ± 4.90). Twenty (43%) women were sexually active, and 2 had sexual dysfunction (FSFI score < 26.55). Quality of life was "good" to "very good" in all domains (score > 90) except for the social domain. The prospective cohort showed significant improvement in UDI-6 score (p < 0.05), IIQ-7 score (p < 0.05), and quality of life (p < 0.05) postoperatively. RA-VVF repair results in minimal voiding dysfunction and significant improvement in overall quality of life. For sexual dysfunction assessment, a longer follow-up is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kaundal
- Department of Urology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, India
| | - R S Mavuduru
- Department of Urology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - G S Bora
- Department of Urology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India.
| | - U K Mete
- Department of Urology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S K Singh
- Department of Urology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
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Aggarwal D, Mandal S, Parmar K, Manoharan V, Singh S, Yadav AK, Kumar S, Sharma AP, Singh SK. Predictors of mortality and nephrectomy in emphysematous pyelonephritis: a tertiary care centre study. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2023; 105:323-330. [PMID: 35617107 PMCID: PMC10066649 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2022.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a deadly disease due to its associated morbidity and mortality. Attempts have been made to identify predictors of severity, mortality and need for nephrectomy in EPN with little success. METHODS We conducted an ambispective study of EPN patients between March 2014 and September 2019. Retrospective data were collected which included age, sex, comorbidities, symptoms, signs, laboratory investigations including imaging, need for dialysis, management and any complications. All patients were then followed prospectively for renal dynamic scan, stone surgery or nephrectomy. Univariate analysis was performed to identify factors affecting mortality and need for elective nephrectomy. RESULTS In total, 112 patients were included. Mean patient age was 50.01 years, 55% were female and 5% had bilateral involvement. Fever and flank pain were the most common symptoms. Diabetes was seen in 75% of cases and 30% of cases required haemodialysis at initial presentation. About 60% of patients improved with pigtail drainage. Need for nephrectomy was greater in Huang-Tseng stage 3a (14.8%). Huang-Tseng stages 3b and 4 had higher mortality rates (25%) than the other stages (2.2%). Twelve of 99 patients had non functional kidney on follow-up and underwent elective nephrectomy. Low platelet counts, high body mass index, septic shock, dialysis and higher Huang-Tseng stage were found to be predictive of mortality and renal parenchymal thickness on computed tomography scan was predictive of follow-up nephrectomy. CONCLUSIONS Thrombocytopaenia, high body mass index, septic shock, haemodialysis and higher Huang-Tseng stage are predictors of mortality and renal parenchymal thickness <5mm is a predictor of poor salvage of affected kidney on follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Aggarwal
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S Mandal
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - K Parmar
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - V Manoharan
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S Singh
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - AK Yadav
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S Kumar
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - AP Sharma
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - SK Singh
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Singh SK, Sah VK, Pyakurel A. Clinical Profile and Outcome of Children Admitted with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) in a Tertiary Hospital. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2023; 21:175-179. [PMID: 38628011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Background Most children infected with SARS-CoV-2 infection, are asymptomatic or develops mild to moderate symptoms. Few weeks later, few children develops delayed hyper inflammatory syndrome known as Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Objective To describe various demographic features of children with Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. To analyze common clinical presentation, clinical and laboratory markers of severity and outcome of children with Multisystem inflammatory syndrome. Method This study was prospective observational study conducted on children with Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. This was conducted in Department of Pediatrics of Nobel Medical College during 12 months period from July 2021 to June 2022. Basic demographic features, common clinical presentation in children with Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and its severity and outcome were analyzed. Independent sample t-test and chi square test was used for comparison of means and categorical variables. Logistic regression was done to assess the relationship between clinical variables and outcome. Result A total of 36 children were included in our study. Maximum number of cases were male (61.11%) and age group > 10 years (58.33%). Fever, gastrointestinal symptoms, shock and renal dysfunction were common clinical features. Children requiring mechanical ventilation had higher C-reactive protein (CRP), lower platelets, higher d-Dimer and lower ejection fraction. Vasoactive Inotropic score (VIS > 10) was associated with higher chances of mechanical ventilation and prolonged pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) stay. Mortality rate in our study was 5.55% and three children developed coronary aneurysm.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal
| | - V K Sah
- Department of Pediatrics, Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal
| | - A Pyakurel
- Department of Emergency Medicine, B and B Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Hossain MS, Ma MK, Chung YJ, Singh SK, Gupta A, West KW, Baldwin KW, Pfeiffer LN, Winkler R, Shayegan M. Valley-Tunable Even-Denominator Fractional Quantum Hall State in the Lowest Landau Level of an Anisotropic System. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:126301. [PMID: 37027870 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.126301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Fractional quantum Hall states (FQHSs) at even-denominator Landau level filling factors (ν) are of prime interest as they are predicted to host exotic, topological states of matter. We report here the observation of a FQHS at ν=1/2 in a two-dimensional electron system of exceptionally high quality, confined to a wide AlAs quantum well, where the electrons can occupy multiple conduction-band valleys with an anisotropic effective mass. The anisotropy and multivalley degree of freedom offer an unprecedented tunability of the ν=1/2 FQHS as we can control both the valley occupancy via the application of in-plane strain, and the ratio between the strengths of the short- and long-range Coulomb interaction by tilting the sample in the magnetic field to change the electron charge distribution. Thanks to this tunability, we observe phase transitions from a compressible Fermi liquid to an incompressible FQHS and then to an insulating phase as a function of tilt angle. We find that this evolution and the energy gap of the ν=1/2 FQHS depend strongly on valley occupancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shafayat Hossain
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Meng K Ma
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Y J Chung
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - S K Singh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - A Gupta
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - K W West
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - K W Baldwin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - L N Pfeiffer
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - R Winkler
- Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - M Shayegan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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Sasidharan JK, Patra MK, Khan JA, Singh AK, Karikalan M, De UK, Saxena AC, Dubal ZB, Singh SK, Kumar H, Krishnaswamy N. Differential expression of inflammatory cytokines, prostaglandin synthases and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor in the endometrium and circulation in different graded CEH-pyometra in bitch. Theriogenology 2023; 197:139-149. [PMID: 36516536 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH)-pyometra (CEH-P) is one of the most common reproductive disorders in bitches, posing a risk to both future fertility and life. The aims of the current study were to elucidate the differential expression patterns of inflammatory mediators at transcript and protein levels in the endometrium and to assess the concentrations of key inflammatory mediators in the peripheral circulation of bitches with different graded CEH-P. A total of 25 client-owned intact mixed breed bitches of 3-10 years presented to the outpatient department of RVP-TVCC of the institute were considered for the study. Of which, 22 cases suggestive of pyometra and 3 cases of CEH obtained during routine elective ovariohysterectomy were subjected to histopathological examination. Uteri were categorized into CEH (n = 3), moderate CEH-P (mCEH-P, n = 9), severe CEH-P (sCEH-P, n = 6) and atrophic pyometra (AT-P, n = 7). A group of age matched (n = 12) bitches without pyometra served as control. Endometrial transcripts such as IL6, IL8, PTGS2, PGFS, and SLPI were expressed differentially in the CEH and CEH-P bitch. In addition, a strong immunoreactivity (IR) of IL6, IL8, PTGS2, and mPGES1 was recorded in the sCEH-P uterus, while expression of IL10 was noticed in AT-P. In circulation, serum IL6 was the most relevant marker with high sensitivity of 96.2% and specificity of 84.6% at a cut off concentration 8.5 pg/mL followed by SLPI with 95.2% sensitivity, and 84.6% specificity at cut off concentration of 1.3 ng/mL. Serum IL10, PGFM and SLPI concentration in the peripheral circulation were 1.5-2.23 fold higher in mCEH-P, 0.87-2.5 fold higher in sCEH-P and 2.9-3.5 fold higher in AT-P than that of control. It is concluded that monitoring the serum concentration of IL6, IL10 and SLPI would be useful adjunct to the established hematobiochemical parameters in the management of pyometra in the bitch with critical illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Sasidharan
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - M K Patra
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India.
| | - J A Khan
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - A K Singh
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - M Karikalan
- Centre for Wildlife Conservation, Management and Disease Surveillance, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - U K De
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India; Referral Veterinary Polyclinic, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - A C Saxena
- Referral Veterinary Polyclinic, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - Z B Dubal
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - S K Singh
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - H Kumar
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - N Krishnaswamy
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Hebbal, Bengaluru, 560 024, India
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Singh SK, Kumar S. Nature, pattern, and changes in alcohol consumption among men in India: Insights from NFHS-4 and NFHS-5. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2022:1-20. [PMID: 36579708 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2022.2160853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The consumption pattern of alcohol varies between cultures and different communities. Moreover, alcohol consumption pattern depends on age, religion, education, type of drink, and other socio-economic parameters. Alcohol use has reportedly declined in most developed counties, but developing countries still witnessed an increasing trend. The study investigated socio-economic drivers, nature, and patterns of alcohol use among adult men in India. We have also investigated the state-level alcohol prevalence in India better to understand the impact of state-level alcohol prohibition policies. We have retrieved the data from the National Family Health survey's fourth and fifth-round, which was conducted in 2015-2016 and 2020-2021, respectively. We used the bi-variate technique to estimate that percentage of men who consume alcohol. Furthermore, a multivariate logistic regression model was applied to assess the association of each background characteristic with alcohol consumption. It is observed that 19 percent of men aged 15 and above currently drink alcohol, including 20 percent in rural and 17 percent in urban areas. The consumption of tadi/madi/country liquor/homemade liquor was high in rural areas than in urban areas in both rounds of the survey. Additionally, beer or wine consumption is higher in urban areas than in rural areas in NFHS-4 and NFHS-5. Among the 35-49 years of age group, around 6 and 8 times more likely to consume alcohol in NFHS-4 and NFHS-5, respectively. Rural men were 18 and one percent less likely to consume alcohol in NFHS-4 & 5 compared to urban (OR: 0.82 and 0.99 in NFHS-4 & 5 respectively). Despite an overall reduction in alcohol consumption among men, lowering alcohol consumption remains the main priority of policymakers. There is a need to target the most vulnerable socio-economic segments where alcohol consumption is still a problem, one of the primary reasons for violence against women.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Singh
- Department of Survey Research and Data Analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Shubham Kumar
- Department of Survey Research and Data Analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
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Bhattacharya M, Samuel K, Patil S, Yadav R, Bakshi AK, Singh SK, Sapra BK. ESTIMATION OF PERSONAL DOSE EQUIVALENT HP(0.07) USING CASO4:DY TEFLON DISC-BASED EXTREMITY DOSEMETER. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2022; 198:1546-1556. [PMID: 36244338 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncac197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The radiation workers in India use extremity dosemeter in occupational areas where there is likelihood of receiving significant dose to extremities of the body. Algorithm used for the estimation of whole body dose and extremity dose of wrist are same and is based on slab phantom calibration. However, internationally, different phantoms are recommended for calibration of dosemeter used for extremity and whole body. The recommended quantity for estimation of dose to extremity is the personal dose equivalent Hp(0.07) at 0.07 mm depth. In light of this, an algorithm was developed for estimation of wrist dose in terms of Hp(0.07) based on calibration performed on ISO recommended pillar phantom. Performance of the dosemeter for the estimation of Hp(0.07) with new algorithm was carried out at different angular exposures of photon beams and mixed field of photon and beta. Comparison of results obtained for two types of ISO phantoms (slab and pillar) is also performed for photon beams to highlight the uncertainty caused due to the use of the slab phantom. In case of beta radiation, it was found that the size and shape of the phantom has very little influence in the response of the dosemeter. Performance of the dosemeter using ISO slab and ISO pillar phantoms for beta radiation using the prevalent algorithm was carried out and found to be within the uncertainty limits laid down by ISO except at angle 60°.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumita Bhattacharya
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic and Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai 400 094, India
| | - Kasthuri Samuel
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic and Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai 400 094, India
| | - Sandeep Patil
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic and Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai 400 094, India
| | - Rohit Yadav
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic and Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai 400 094, India
| | - A K Bakshi
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic and Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai 400 094, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400 094, India
| | - Sunil K Singh
- Radiation Safety Systems Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - B K Sapra
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic and Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai 400 094, India
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Singh S, Kumar R, Singh SK. All That We Need to Know About the Current and Past Outbreaks of Monkeypox: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e31109. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Kumar R, Singh S, Singh SK. A Systematic Review of 5110 Cases of Monkeypox: What Has Changed Between 1970 and 2022? Cureus 2022; 14:e30841. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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35
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Dai L, Singh SK, Gong H, Tang Y, Peng Z, Zhang J, Wu D, Zhang H, He D. Rhizospheric microbial consortium of Lilium lancifolium Thunb. causes lily root rot under continuous cropping system. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:981615. [PMID: 36386686 PMCID: PMC9645529 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.981615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Tiger lily (Lilium lancifolium Thunb.) is a cash crop with a long history of cultivation in China. Its roots have long been used as a valuable component of Chinese medicine. Continuous cropping, the conventional planting approach for tiger lily, often leads to severe root rot disease, but it is not yet clear how this planting method leads to root rot. In this study, we analyzed the rhizosphere microbiome and predicted microbial protein function in tiger lily planted with the continuous cropping method in three different geological types of soil. In order to explore the specific rhizosphere microbiota triggering root rot disease, tiger lily was compared to maize grown in a similar system, which showed no disease development. An analysis of the chemical elements in the soil revealed that the Pseudomonas and Streptomyces genera, with pathogenic functions, were dominant in the tiger lily rhizosphere. The lower soil pH of tiger lily compared to maize supports the accumulation of pathogenic bacteria in the tiger lily rhizosphere. Meanwhile, we discovered that bacteria of the Flavobacterium genus, with their predicted phosphate transport function, specifically accumulated in the maize rhizosphere. Our findings suggest that Pseudomonas and Streptomyces bacteria may result in continuous cropping-induced root rot disease in tiger lily and that Flavobacterium could serve to protect maize from pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Dai
- Changsha General Survey of Natural Resources Center, Changsha, China
| | - Sunil K. Singh
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Gong
- Changsha General Survey of Natural Resources Center, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tang
- Changsha General Survey of Natural Resources Center, Changsha, China
| | - Zhigang Peng
- Changsha General Survey of Natural Resources Center, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Changsha General Survey of Natural Resources Center, Changsha, China
| | - Dousheng Wu
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Huiming Zhang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Danxia He
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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Kirti K, Singh SK. Quantifying the burden of Hypercholesterolemia among Adolescents in India. Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac130.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is a kind of hyperlipidemia in which an individual's blood contains excessive non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, which has emerged as a significant covariate of coronary heart disease. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariable regression analyses were used to unearth the current hypercholesterolemia levels, probable risk factors, and its impact on other metabolic diseases among adolescents using data on 35,830 adolescents aged 10-19 years from the Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey, India, 2016-18. Findings suggest that the mean lipid levels for total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides were 140.6, 84.1, 47.3, and 95.3, respectively, with females bearing the higher burden. The study further identified early adolescents, urban residents, and overweight individuals at a higher risk of having elevated non-HDL. Western and Eastern regions bore higher LDL levels. Further, for a unit increase in TSFT risk of having high LDL increased by 2.55 times. Zinc deficits are at 2.13 times higher risk compared to zinc sufficient. Adolescents consuming unhealthy diets were at higher risk of elevated LDL. The study contends that it is essential to prevent the increasing levels of lipid profiles among Indian adolescents. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies and unhealthy dietary habits are significantly associated with high LDL and non-HDL levels. In the longer run, this might cause the early onset of complex cardiometabolic disorders, which would disrupt the individual's social and economic well-being. Hence, appropriate interventions are needed to curtail these early onsets by primarily focusing on adolescents.
Key messages
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kirti
- Department of Biostatitics and Demography, International Institute for Population Sciences , Mumbai, India
| | - SK Singh
- Department of Biostatitics and Demography, International Institute for Population Sciences , Mumbai, India
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Wang C, Gupta A, Singh SK, Chung YJ, Pfeiffer LN, West KW, Baldwin KW, Winkler R, Shayegan M. Even-Denominator Fractional Quantum Hall State at Filling Factor ν=3/4. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:156801. [PMID: 36269975 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.156801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fractional quantum Hall states (FQHSs) exemplify exotic phases of low-disorder two-dimensional (2D) electron systems when electron-electron interaction dominates over the thermal and kinetic energies. Particularly intriguing among the FQHSs are those observed at even-denominator Landau level filling factors, as their quasiparticles are generally believed to obey non-Abelian statistics and be of potential use in topological quantum computing. Such states, however, are very rare and fragile, and are typically observed in the excited Landau level of 2D electron systems with the lowest amount of disorder. Here we report the observation of a new and unexpected even-denominator FQHS at filling factor ν=3/4 in a GaAs 2D hole system with an exceptionally high quality (mobility). Our magnetotransport measurements reveal a strong minimum in the longitudinal resistance at ν=3/4, accompanied by a developing Hall plateau centered at (h/e^{2})/(3/4). This even-denominator FQHS is very unusual as it is observed in the lowest Landau level and in a 2D hole system. While its origin is unclear, it is likely a non-Abelian state, emerging from the residual interaction between composite fermions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - A Gupta
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - S K Singh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Y J Chung
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - L N Pfeiffer
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - K W West
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - K W Baldwin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - R Winkler
- Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - M Shayegan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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Deb A, Gogoi P, Singh SK, Gooh Pattader PS. Noise-Activated Fast Locomotion of DNA through the Frictional Landscape of Nanoporous Gels. Langmuir 2022; 38:11764-11769. [PMID: 36037445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
It is hypothesized that nonlinear solid friction between the gel matrix and DNA molecules inhibits the motion of DNA through the nanopores of the gel during electrophoresis. In this article, it is demonstrated that external noise can alleviate the effect of solid friction, thus enhancing the mobility of DNA in an electrophoretic setting. In the presence of noise, the mobility of DNA increases by more than ∼113% compared to conventional electrophoresis. Although at a high power of noise, DNA exhibits Arrhenius kinetics, at a low power of noise, super-Arrhenius kinetics suggests the collective behavior of the activated motion of DNA molecules. A stochastic simulation following modified Langevin dynamics with the asymmetric pore size distribution of the agarose gel successfully predicts the mobility of DNA molecules and reveals the salient features of the overall dynamics. This "noise lubricity" may have a broader applicability from molecular to macroscopic locomotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha Deb
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Prerona Gogoi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sunil K Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Partho Sarathi Gooh Pattader
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Science & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
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39
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Kumar S, Singh SK, Aggarwal N, Gupta BB, Alhalabi W, Band SS. An efficient hardware supported and parallelization architecture for intelligent systems to overcome speculative overheads. INT J INTELL SYST 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/int.23062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakar Kumar
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chandigarh College of Engineering and Technology Panjab University Chandigarh India
| | - Sunil K. Singh
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chandigarh College of Engineering and Technology Chandigarh India
| | - Naveen Aggarwal
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chandigarh India
| | - Brij B. Gupta
- International Center for AI and Cyber Security Research and Innovations & Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Asia University Taichung Taiwan
- Lebanese American University Beirut Lebanon
- Department of Computer Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES) Dehradun India
| | - Wadee Alhalabi
- Department of Computer Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahab S. Band
- Department of Computer Science National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Douliou Taiwan
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He D, Singh SK, Peng L, Kaushal R, Vílchez JI, Shao C, Wu X, Zheng S, Morcillo RJL, Paré PW, Zhang H. Correction to: Flavonoid-attracted Aeromonas sp. from the Arabidopsis root microbiome enhances plant dehydration resistance. ISME J 2022; 16:2633. [PMID: 36008475 PMCID: PMC9561168 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-022-01309-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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41
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Singh SK, Noori AR. Groundwater quality assessment and modeling utilizing water quality index and GIS in Kabul Basin, Afghanistan. Environ Monit Assess 2022; 194:673. [PMID: 35972702 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10340-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater stands as a unique source of water supply in Kabul city, Afghanistan. In this investigation, 35 samples of groundwater were comprehensively analyzed to determine its hydrogeochemical characterizations, quality, water types, and its acceptability as drinking sources. A portable digital multiparameter instrument (LAB MAN Scientific instrument) was used to measure the total dissolved solids (TDS), hydrogen potential (pH), and electrical conductivity (EC). Total hardness, chloride, and bicarbonate were examined via a titrimetric approach. Sodium, calcium, magnesium, and potassium concentrations were measured with a flame photometer. Fluoride was determined by using a digital portable multiparameter. UV-VIS spectrophotometers were employed to count sulfate and nitrate concentrations. The distribution pattern of measured parameters and the Water Quality Index (WQI) in groundwater were spatially modeled utilizing the ArcGIS tool. The findings provide insight into the main anions and cations, which are found in ascending sequence F < NO3 < SO4 < Cl < HCO3 and K < Ca < Na < Mg, respectively. Based on the measurements of ion concentrations, bicarbonate (71.4%), chloride (14.28%), nitrate (2.85%), magnesium (80%), sodium (82.85%), calcium (5.71%), and potassium (17.14%) were all determined to be over the World Health Organization (WHO) limits of drinking water. Using the Piper trilinear diagram, two significant hydrochemical facies (CaNaHCO3 and NaHCO3) were discovered. Based on the mathematical model of WQI outputs, 88.57% of the research region has excellent to good water, whereas 11.43% has poor to very poor water.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Singh
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
| | - Ali Reza Noori
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India.
- Department of Water Supply and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Kabul Polytechnic University, Kabul, Afghanistan.
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He D, Singh SK, Peng L, Kaushal R, Vílchez JI, Shao C, Wu X, Zheng S, Morcillo RJL, Paré PW, Zhang H. Flavonoid-attracted Aeromonas sp. from the Arabidopsis root microbiome enhances plant dehydration resistance. ISME J 2022; 16:2622-2632. [PMID: 35842464 PMCID: PMC9561528 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-022-01288-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are stress-inducible metabolites important for plant-microbe interactions. In contrast to their well-known function in initiating rhizobia nodulation in legumes, little is known about whether and how flavonoids may contribute to plant stress resistance through affecting non-nodulating bacteria. Here we show that flavonoids broadly contribute to the diversity of the Arabidopsis root microbiome and preferentially attract Aeromonadaceae, which included a cultivable Aeromonas sp. H1 that displayed flavonoid-induced chemotaxis with transcriptional enhancement of flagellum biogenesis and suppression of fumarate reduction for smooth swims. Strain H1 showed multiple plant-beneficial traits and enhanced plant dehydration resistance, which required flavonoids but not through a sudden “cry-for-help” upon stress. Strain H1 boosted dehydration-induced H2O2 accumulation in guard cells and stomatal closure, concomitant with synergistic induction of jasmonic acid-related regulators of plant dehydration resistance. These findings revealed a key role of flavonoids, and the underlying mechanism, in mediating plant-microbiome interactions including the bacteria-enhanced plant dehydration resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danxia He
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Sunil K Singh
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Li Peng
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Richa Kaushal
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China.,Department of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, India
| | - Juan I Vílchez
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica (ITQB), Oeiras, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Chuyang Shao
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Zheng
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Rafael J L Morcillo
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China.,Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora" (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Málaga, Spain
| | - Paul W Paré
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Huiming Zhang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China.
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Crous PW, Boers J, Holdom D, Osieck ER, Steinrucken TV, Tan YP, Vitelli JS, Shivas RG, Barrett M, Boxshall AG, Broadbridge J, Larsson E, Lebel T, Pinruan U, Sommai S, Alvarado P, Bonito G, Decock CA, De la Peña-Lastra S, Delgado G, Houbraken J, Maciá-Vicente JG, Raja HA, Rigueiro-Rodríguez A, Rodríguez A, Wingfield MJ, Adams SJ, Akulov A, Al-Hidmi T, Antonín V, Arauzo S, Arenas F, Armada F, Aylward J, Bellanger JM, Berraf-Tebbal A, Bidaud A, Boccardo F, Cabero J, Calledda F, Corriol G, Crane JL, Dearnaley JDW, Dima B, Dovana F, Eichmeier A, Esteve-Raventós F, Fine M, Ganzert L, García D, Torres-Garcia D, Gené J, Gutiérrez A, Iglesias P, Istel Ł, Jangsantear P, Jansen GM, Jeppson M, Karun NC, Karich A, Khamsuntorn P, Kokkonen K, Kolařík M, Kubátová A, Labuda R, Lagashetti AC, Lifshitz N, Linde C, Loizides M, Luangsa-Ard JJ, Lueangjaroenkit P, Mahadevakumar S, Mahamedi AE, Malloch DW, Marincowitz S, Mateos A, Moreau PA, Miller AN, Molia A, Morte A, Navarro-Ródenas A, Nebesářová J, Nigrone E, Nuthan BR, Oberlies NH, Pepori AL, Rämä T, Rapley D, Reschke K, Robicheau BM, Roets F, Roux J, Saavedra M, Sakolrak B, Santini A, Ševčíková H, Singh PN, Singh SK, Somrithipol S, Spetik M, Sridhar KR, Starink-Willemse M, Taylor VA, van Iperen AL, Vauras J, Walker AK, Wingfield BD, Yarden O, Cooke AW, Manners AG, Pegg KG, Groenewald JZ. Fungal Planet description sheets: 1383-1435. Persoonia 2022; 48:261-371. [PMID: 38234686 PMCID: PMC10792288 DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2023.48.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia, Agaricus albofoetidus, Agaricus aureoelephanti and Agaricus parviumbrus on soil, Fusarium ramsdenii from stem cankers of Araucaria cunninghamii, Keissleriella sporoboli from stem of Sporobolus natalensis, Leptosphaerulina queenslandica and Pestalotiopsis chiaroscuro from leaves of Sporobolus natalensis, Serendipita petricolae as endophyte from roots of Eriochilus petricola, Stagonospora tauntonensis from stem of Sporobolus natalensis, Teratosphaeria carnegiei from leaves of Eucalyptus grandis × E. camaldulensis and Wongia ficherai from roots of Eragrostis curvula. Canada, Lulworthia fundyensis from intertidal wood and Newbrunswickomyces abietophilus (incl. Newbrunswickomyces gen. nov.) on buds of Abies balsamea. Czech Republic, Geosmithia funiculosa from a bark beetle gallery on Ulmus minor and Neoherpotrichiella juglandicola (incl. Neoherpotrichiella gen. nov.) from wood of Juglans regia. France, Aspergillus rouenensis and Neoacrodontium gallica (incl. Neoacrodontium gen. nov.) from bore dust of Xestobium rufovillosum feeding on Quercus wood, Endoradiciella communis (incl. Endoradiciella gen. nov.) endophytic in roots of Microthlaspi perfoliatum and Entoloma simulans on soil. India, Amanita konajensis on soil and Keithomyces indicus from soil. Israel, Microascus rothbergiorum from Stylophora pistillata. Italy, Calonarius ligusticus on soil. Netherlands, Appendopyricularia juncicola (incl. Appendopyricularia gen. nov.), Eriospora juncicola and Tetraploa juncicola on dead culms of Juncus effusus, Gonatophragmium physciae on Physcia caesia and Paracosmospora physciae (incl. Paracosmospora gen. nov.) on Physcia tenella, Myrmecridium phragmitigenum on dead culm of Phragmites australis, Neochalara lolae on stems of Pteridium aquilinum, Niesslia nieuwwulvenica on dead culm of undetermined Poaceae, Nothodevriesia narthecii (incl. Nothodevriesia gen. nov.) on dead leaves of Narthecium ossifragum and Parastenospora pini (incl. Parastenospora gen. nov.) on dead twigs of Pinus sylvestris. Norway, Verticillium bjoernoeyanum from sand grains attached to a piece of driftwood on a sandy beach. Portugal, Collybiopsis cimrmanii on the base of living Quercus ilex and amongst dead leaves of Laurus and herbs. South Africa, Paraproliferophorum hyphaenes (incl. Paraproliferophorum gen. nov.) on living leaves of Hyphaene sp. and Saccothecium widdringtoniae on twigs of Widdringtonia wallichii. Spain, Cortinarius dryosalor on soil, Cyphellophora endoradicis endophytic in roots of Microthlaspi perfoliatum, Geoglossum lauri-silvae on soil, Leptographium gemmatum from fluvial sediments, Physalacria auricularioides from a dead twig of Castanea sativa, Terfezia bertae and Tuber davidlopezii in soil. Sweden, Alpova larskersii, Inocybe alpestris and Inocybe boreogodeyi on soil. Thailand, Russula banwatchanensis, Russula purpureoviridis and Russula lilacina on soil. Ukraine, Nectriella adonidis on overwintered stems of Adonis vernalis. USA, Microcyclus jacquiniae from living leaves of Jacquinia keyensis and Penicillium neoherquei from a minute mushroom sporocarp. Morphological and culture characteristics are supported by DNA barcodes. Citation: Crous PW, Boers J, Holdom D, et al. 2022. Fungal Planet description sheets: 1383-1435. Persoonia 48: 261-371. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2022.48.08.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Crous
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - J Boers
- Moleneinde 15, 7991 AK, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
| | - D Holdom
- Biosecurity Queensland, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia
| | - E R Osieck
- Jkvr. C.M. van Asch van Wijcklaan 19, 3972 ST Driebergen-Rijsenburg, The Netherlands
| | | | - Y P Tan
- Plant Pathology Herbarium, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia
| | - J S Vitelli
- Biosecurity Queensland, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia
| | - R G Shivas
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - M Barrett
- James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | - E Larsson
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, SE-40530 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - T Lebel
- State Herbarium of South Australia, South Australia, Australia
| | - U Pinruan
- Plant Microbe Interaction Research Team (APMT), BIOTEC, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - S Sommai
- Plant Microbe Interaction Research Team (APMT), BIOTEC, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - P Alvarado
- ALVALAB, Dr. Fernando Bongera st., Severo Ochoa bldg. S1.04, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - G Bonito
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - C A Decock
- Mycothèque de l'Université catholique de Louvain (MUCL, BCCMTM), Earth and Life Institute - ELIM - Mycology, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2 bte L7.05.06, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | - G Delgado
- Eurofins EMLab P&K Houston, 10900 Brittmoore Park Dr. Suite G, Houston, Texas 77041, USA
| | - J Houbraken
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J G Maciá-Vicente
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute for Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 50, 6700 Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - H A Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA
| | | | - A Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - M J Wingfield
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - S J Adams
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, 33 Westwood Avenue, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, B4P 2R6 Canada
| | - A Akulov
- Department of Mycology and Plant Resistance, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Maidan Svobody 4, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - T Al-Hidmi
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - V Antonín
- Department of Botany, Moravian Museum, Zelný trh 6, 65937 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - S Arauzo
- Asociación Micológica Errotari de Durango, Spain
| | - F Arenas
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - F Armada
- 203, montée Saint-Mamert-le-Haut, F-38138 Les Côtes-d'Arey, France
| | - J Aylward
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - J-M Bellanger
- CEFE, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, EPHE, IRD, INSERM, 1919 route de Mende, F-34293 Montpellier Cédex 5, France
| | - A Berraf-Tebbal
- MENDELEUM - Institute of Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 334, Lednice, 69144, Czech Republic
| | - A Bidaud
- 2436, route de Brailles, F-38510 Vézeronce-Curtin, France
| | - F Boccardo
- Via Filippo Bettini 14/11, 16162, Genova, Italy
| | - J Cabero
- C/ El Sol 6. 49800 Toro, Zamora, Spain
| | - F Calledda
- Via 25 aprile, 76, 20051, Cassina De Pecchi (MI), Italy
| | - G Corriol
- National Botanical Conservatory of the Pyrenees and Midi-Pyrenees. Vallon de Salut, BP 70315, 65203 Bagnères-de-Bigorre, France
| | - J L Crane
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, Illinois, 61820, USA
| | - J D W Dearnaley
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - B Dima
- Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - F Dovana
- Via Quargnento, 17, 15029, Solero (AL), Italy
| | - A Eichmeier
- MENDELEUM - Institute of Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 334, Lednice, 69144, Czech Republic
| | - F Esteve-Raventós
- Departemento de Ciencias de la Vida, Botánica, Universidad de Alcalá. Alcalá de Henares, E28805 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Fine
- Department of Ecology, Evolution & Behavior, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel & Interuniversity Institute of Marine Sciences, Eilat, Israel
| | - L Ganzert
- Marbio, Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - D García
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - D Torres-Garcia
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - J Gené
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - A Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - P Iglesias
- Asociación Micológica Errotari de Durango, Spain
| | - Ł Istel
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - P Jangsantear
- Forest and Plant Conservation Research Office, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Chatuchak District, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - M Jeppson
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, SE-40530 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - N C Karun
- Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Mangalore 574199, Karnataka, India
| | - A Karich
- TU Dresden, International Institute Zittau, Markt 23, 02763 Zittau, Germany
| | - P Khamsuntorn
- Plant Microbe Interaction Research Team (APMT), BIOTEC, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - K Kokkonen
- Biodiversity Unit, Herbarium, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Kolařík
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Kubátová
- Department of Botany, Culture Collection of Fungi (CCF), Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - R Labuda
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Food Safety, Food Technology and Veterinary Public Health; Unit of Food Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria, and Research Platform Bioactive Microbial Metabolites (BiMM), Konrad Lorenz Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln a.d. Donau, Austria
| | - A C Lagashetti
- National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, MACS-Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune 411004, India
| | - N Lifshitz
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel & Interuniversity Institute of Marine Sciences, Eilat, Israel
| | - C Linde
- Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, College of Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | | | - J J Luangsa-Ard
- Plant Microbe Interaction Research Team (APMT), BIOTEC, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - P Lueangjaroenkit
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - S Mahadevakumar
- Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; Present Address: Forest Pathology Department, Division of Forest Protection, KSCSTE - Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi 680653, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - A E Mahamedi
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Systèmes Microbiens (LBSM), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba, B.P 92 16308 Vieux-Kouba, Alger, Algeria
| | - D W Malloch
- New Brunswick Museum, 277 Douglas Ave., Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada E2K 1E5
| | - S Marincowitz
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - A Mateos
- Sociedad Micológica Extremeña, C/ Sagitario 14, 10001 Cáceres, Spain
| | - P-A Moreau
- ULR 4515 - LGCgE, Faculté de pharmacie, Univ. Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - A N Miller
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, Illinois, 61820, USA
| | - A Molia
- Alette Iversens gate 5, N-3970 Langesund, Norway
| | - A Morte
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - A Navarro-Ródenas
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - J Nebesářová
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - E Nigrone
- Institute of Sustainable Plant Protection, C.N.R. Via Madonna del Piano, 10 50019 Sesto fiorentino, Italy
| | - B R Nuthan
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - N H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA
| | - A L Pepori
- Institute of Sustainable Plant Protection, C.N.R. Via Madonna del Piano, 10 50019 Sesto fiorentino, Italy
| | - T Rämä
- Marbio, Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - D Rapley
- Biosecurity Queensland, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia
| | - K Reschke
- Mycology Research Group, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue Straße 13, 60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - B M Robicheau
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, 33 Westwood Avenue, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, B4P 2R6 Canada
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - F Roets
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| | - J Roux
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - M Saavedra
- Asociación "Andoa" de Cambre y componente del "Colectivo Micolóxico Coruñés" de A Coruña, Spain
| | - B Sakolrak
- Forest and Plant Conservation Research Office, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Chatuchak District, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - A Santini
- Institute of Sustainable Plant Protection, C.N.R. Via Madonna del Piano, 10 50019 Sesto fiorentino, Italy
| | - H Ševčíková
- Department of Botany, Moravian Museum, Zelný trh 6, 65937 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P N Singh
- National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, MACS-Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune 411004, India
| | - S K Singh
- National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, MACS-Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune 411004, India
| | - S Somrithipol
- Plant Microbe Interaction Research Team (APMT), BIOTEC, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - M Spetik
- MENDELEUM - Institute of Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 334, Lednice, 69144, Czech Republic
| | - K R Sridhar
- Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Mangalore 574199, Karnataka, India
| | - M Starink-Willemse
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - V A Taylor
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, 33 Westwood Avenue, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, B4P 2R6 Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, 5849 University Ave, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - A L van Iperen
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J Vauras
- Biological Collections of Åbo Akademi University, Herbarium, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - A K Walker
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, 33 Westwood Avenue, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, B4P 2R6 Canada
| | - B D Wingfield
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - O Yarden
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel & Interuniversity Institute of Marine Sciences, Eilat, Israel
| | - A W Cooke
- Agri-Science Queensland, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia
| | - A G Manners
- Agri-Science Queensland, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia
| | - K G Pegg
- Agri-Science Queensland, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Z Groenewald
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Yang Y, Chen S, Wu X, Peng L, Vílchez JI, Kaushal R, Liu X, Singh SK, He D, Yuan F, Lv S, Morcillo RJL, Wang W, Huang W, Lei M, Zhu JK, Paré PW, Zhang H. Plant latent defense response to microbial non-pathogenic factors antagonizes compatibility. Natl Sci Rev 2022; 9:nwac109. [PMID: 36072504 PMCID: PMC9440716 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) that are readily targeted by host immunity, microbial non-pathogenic factors (NPFs) appear negligible as they do not elicit defense. Little is known about whether and how NPFs may be monitored by hosts to control compatibility. Herein, a forward genetic screening isolated an Arabidopsis mutant with a loss of plant-rhizobacteria mutualism, leading to the disclosure of a plant latent defense response (LDR) to NPFs. The activation of LDR in the mutant, named rol1 for regulator of LDR 1, is triggered by several non-pathogenic volatile organic compounds and antagonizes plant compatibility with the beneficial bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GB03. The activation of LDR in rol1 is mediated through the prokaryotic pathway of chloroplastic lipid biosynthesis. The rol1 root microbiome showed a reduced proportion of the Bacillaceae family. We propose that, parallel to the forefront immunity to MAMPs, LDR to certain NPFs provides a hidden layer of defense for controlling compatibility with commensal or beneficial microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201602 , China
| | - Shenglan Chen
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201602 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201602 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Li Peng
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201602 , China
| | - Juan I Vílchez
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201602 , China
| | - Richa Kaushal
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201602 , China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201602 , China
| | - Sunil K Singh
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201602 , China
| | - Danxia He
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201602 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Fengtong Yuan
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201602 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Suhui Lv
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201602 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Rafael J L Morcillo
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201602 , China
| | - Wei Wang
- Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden , Shanghai 201602 , China
| | - Weichang Huang
- Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden , Shanghai 201602 , China
| | - Mingguang Lei
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201602 , China
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201602 , China
| | - Paul W Paré
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Texas Tech University , Lubbock , TX 79409 , USA
| | - Huiming Zhang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201602 , China
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45
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Singh SK, Sun Y, Yang Y, Zuo Z, Wu X, Shao C, Peng L, Paré PW, Zhang H. Bacterial diacetyl suppresses abiotic stress-induced senescence in Arabidopsis. J Integr Plant Biol 2022; 64:1135-1139. [PMID: 35377511 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Premature plant senescence induced by abiotic stresses is a major cause of agricultural losses worldwide. Tools for suppressing stress-induced plant senescence are limited. Here, we report that diacetyl, a natural compound emitted by the plant-beneficial bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, suppresses abscisic acid -mediated foliar senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana under various abiotic stress conditions. Our results establish diacetyl as an effective protector against stress-induced plant senescence and reveal a molecular mechanism for bacteria-enhanced plant stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K Singh
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Yazhou Sun
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Ziwei Zuo
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chuyang Shao
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Li Peng
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Paul W Paré
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, 79409, Texas, USA
| | - Huiming Zhang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
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Singh SK, Husain T, Suhel M, Prasad SM, Singh VP. Hydrogen sulphide ameliorates hexavalent chromium toxicity in two cereal crops: Role of antioxidant enzymes and proline metabolism. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2022; 24:636-641. [PMID: 35384231 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Chromium pollution in soils is a major threat as it reduces crop yields. Hence, researchers seek methods/strategies which could curtail such losses. We report the role of H2 S in alleviating hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] stress in two cereals crops, i.e. wheat and rice seedlings, by estimating various physiological attributes. Cr(VI) reduced shoot and root length in both cereals through increased accumulation of Cr(VI) in root tips and increased in oxidative stress markers, i.e. superoxide radicals (SOR), H2 O2 and lipid peroxidation (as MDA equivalent). Supplementation with H2 S alleviated Cr(VI) toxicity in both cereal crops. Application of H2 S increased tolerance to Cr(VI) stress by protecting photosynthesis and enhancing activity of antioxidant enzymes, particularly glutathione-S-transferase and content of proline. Rice was more resistant to Cr(VI) than wheat seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Singh
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - T Husain
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - M Suhel
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - S M Prasad
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - V P Singh
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
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Parihar K, Gehlot P, Mathur M, Tak A, Pathak R, Singh SK. Species Composition and Diversity Dynamics of Actinomycetes in Arid and Semi-arid Salt Basins of Rajasthan. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:168. [PMID: 35460380 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-02851-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Species composition and diversity dynamics of the actinomycetes was studied in five salt basins of arid and semi-arid areas of Rajasthan, India. A novel approach integrating molecular (16S rRNA gene) and diversity indices was applied to reveal species composition and diversity dynamics. Fifty-three actinomycetes isolates were isolated from five arid and semi-arid salt basins. Molecular characterization resulted in the identification of actinomycetes species belonging to three genera namely, Streptomyces, Nocardiopsis, and Actinoalloteichus. The diversity study among actinomycetes species validates their universal occurrence in arid and semi-arid regions of Rajasthan. The species N. dassonvillei subsp. albirubida was omnipresent in all the five salt basins but its relative manifestation was not static across habitats. The study revealed that three species N. chromatogenes, S. durbertensis, and S. mangrovicola are being reported for the first time from India. The maximum species of actinomycetes were recorded from Pachpadra (14) and the minimum from Didwana area (6). This study not only documents the hitherto wealth of actinomycetes species in arid and semi-arid salt basins of Rajasthan but also reveals the composition and diversity dynamics of actinomycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushbu Parihar
- Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, 342001, India
| | - Praveen Gehlot
- Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, 342001, India.
| | - Manish Mathur
- ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, 342 003, India
| | - Alkesh Tak
- Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, 342001, India
| | - Rakesh Pathak
- ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, 342 003, India
| | - Sunil K Singh
- ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, 342 003, India
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48
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Singh D, Thapa S, Mahawar H, Kumar D, Geat N, Singh SK. Prospecting potential of endophytes for modulation of biosynthesis of therapeutic bioactive secondary metabolites and plant growth promotion of medicinal and aromatic plants. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2022; 115:699-730. [PMID: 35460457 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-022-01736-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal and aromatic plants possess pharmacological properties (antidiabetes, anticancer, antihypertension, anticardiovascular, antileprosy, etc.) because of their potential to synthesize a wide range of therapeutic bioactive secondary metabolites. The concentration of bioactive secondry metabolites depends on plant species, local environment, soil type and internal microbiome. The internal microbiome of medicinal plants plays the crucial role in the production of bioactive secondary metabolites, namely alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, peptides, polyketones, flavonoids, quinols and phenols. In this review, the host specific secondry metabolites produced by endophytes, their therapeutic properties and host-endophytes interaction in relation to production of bioactive secondry metaboloites and the role of endophytes in enhancing the production of bioactive secondry metabolites is discussed. How biological nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, micronutrient uptake, phytohormone production, disease suppression, etc. can play a vital role in enhacing the plant growth and development.The role of endophytes in enhancing the plant growth and content of bioactive secondary metabolites in medicinal and aromatic plants in a sustainable mode is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Singh
- ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342003, India.
| | - Shobit Thapa
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Mau Nath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | - Himanshu Mahawar
- ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research (DWR), Maharajpur, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, 482004, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar
- ICAR- Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171001, India
| | - Neelam Geat
- Agricultural Research Station, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342304, India
| | - S K Singh
- ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342003, India
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Roy R, Zayas J, Singh SK, Delgado K, Wood SJ, Mohamed MF, Frausto DM, Estupinian R, Giurini EF, Kuzel TM, Zloza A, Reiser J, Shafikhani SH. Overriding impaired FPR chemotaxis signaling in diabetic neutrophil stimulates infection control in murine diabetic wound. eLife 2022; 11:72071. [PMID: 35112667 PMCID: PMC8846594 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection is a major co-morbidity that contributes to impaired healing in diabetic wounds. Although impairments in diabetic neutrophils have been blamed for this co-morbidity, what causes these impairments and whether they can be overcome, remain largely unclear. Diabetic neutrophils, isolated from diabetic individuals, exhibit chemotaxis impairment but this peculiar functional impairment has been largely ignored because it appears to contradict the clinical findings which blame excessive neutrophil influx as a major impediment to healing in chronic diabetic ulcers. Here, we report that exposure to glucose in diabetic range results in impaired chemotaxis signaling through the formyl peptide receptor (FPR) in neutrophils, culminating in reduced chemotaxis and delayed neutrophil trafficking in the wound of Leprdb (db/db) type two diabetic mice, rendering diabetic wound vulnerable to infection. We further show that at least some auxiliary receptors remain functional under diabetic conditions and their engagement by the pro-inflammatory cytokine CCL3, overrides the requirement for FPR signaling and substantially improves infection control by jumpstarting the neutrophil trafficking toward infection, and stimulates healing in diabetic wound. We posit that CCL3 may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers if it is applied topically after the surgical debridement process which is intended to reset chronic ulcers into acute fresh wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Roy
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, United States
| | - Janet Zayas
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, United States
| | - Sunil K Singh
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Kaylee Delgado
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, United States
| | - Stephen J Wood
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, United States
| | - Mohamed F Mohamed
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, United States
| | - Dulce M Frausto
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, United States
| | - Ricardo Estupinian
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, United States
| | - Eileena F Giurini
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, United States
| | - Timothy M Kuzel
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, United States
| | - Andrew Zloza
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, United States
| | - Jochen Reiser
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, United States
| | - Sasha H Shafikhani
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, United States
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50
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Raina P, Singh SK, Goswami AK, Kashyap MK, Khullar M, Sharma SK, Barwal KC. MN/CA9 gene expression as a potential tumor marker for renal cell carcinoma. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:333-343. [PMID: 34716861 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04279-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MN/CA9 is a cell surface glycoprotein and a tumor-associated antigen. It plays a crucial role in the regulation of cell proliferation and oncogenesis. There is no ideal tumor marker currently available for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with sufficient sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, we studied MN/CA9 gene expression in the tumor tissue, apparently normal kidney tissue, preoperative blood, and urine samples of patients with RCC. We included thirty cases of renal tumors (26 RCC and 4 benign tumors) in the study. We applied an RT-PCR assay for MN/CA9 gene expression to 26 RCC kidney tumor samples and four benign kidney tumor tissue samples. We also evaluated MN/CA9 gene expression in preoperative blood and urine samples of 15 of these cases. Additionally, thirty-five grossly normal renal tissue samples, including 21 from kidneys with RCC, were also evaluated for gene expression. The RT-PCR analysis revealed that twenty-one out of 26 RCC tissue samples showed MN/CA9 gene expression compared to three out of 35 non-malignant renal tissue samples (p < 0.05). Two out of four benign renal tissue samples also expressed this gene. We also observed MN/CA9 gene expression in nine out of 15 blood samples and four out of 15 urine samples. All patients with urinary MN/CA9 gene expression showed expression in blood and tumor tissue samples. We found a correlation in terms of MN/CA9 expression between blood and tumor tissue samples of RCC patients as those who exhibit MN/CA9 expression in blood were also positive at the tumor tissue levels. The difference in MN/CA9 gene expression in tumor tissue, blood, and urine samples in relation to the stage of the disease, nuclear grade, and histological cell-type was not statistically significant. However, all the three patients who had metastatic RCC had MN/CA9 gene expression in their blood. The existence of a tumor-associated antigen such as MN/CA9 may present a possible target for molecular diagnosis and management of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamposh Raina
- Department of Urology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171001, India
- Department of Urology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - S K Singh
- Department of Urology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Anil K Goswami
- Department of Urology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Kashyap
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
- Amity Stem Cell Institute, Amity Medical School, Amity University Haryana, Amity Education Valley, Panchgaon (Manesar), Gurugram, HR, 122413, India
| | - Madhu Khullar
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - S K Sharma
- Department of Urology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Kailash Chander Barwal
- Department of Urology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171001, India.
- Department of Urology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
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