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Comazzetto S, Cassidy DL, DeVilbiss AW, Jeffery EC, Ottesen BR, Reyes AR, Muh S, Mathews TP, Chen B, Zhao Z, Morrison SJ. Ascorbate depletion increases quiescence and self-renewal potential in hematopoietic stem cells and multipotent progenitors. bioRxiv 2024:2024.04.01.587574. [PMID: 38617357 PMCID: PMC11014518 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.01.587574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Ascorbate (vitamin C) limits hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function and suppresses leukemia development by promoting the function of the Tet2 tumor suppressor. In humans, ascorbate is obtained from the diet while in mice it is synthesized in the liver. In this study, we show that deletion of the Slc23a2 ascorbate transporter severely depleted ascorbate from hematopoietic cells. Slc23a2 deficiency increased HSC reconstituting potential and self-renewal potential upon transplantation into irradiated mice. Slc23a2 deficiency also increased the reconstituting and self-renewal potential of multipotent hematopoietic progenitors (MPPs), conferring the ability to long-term reconstitute irradiated mice. Slc23a2-deficient HSCs and MPPs divided much less frequently than control HSCs and MPPs. Increased self-renewal and reconstituting potential were observed particularly in quiescent Slc23a2-deficient HSCs and MPPs. The effect of Slc23a2 deficiency on MPP self-renewal was not mediated by reduced Tet2 function. Ascorbate thus regulates quiescence and restricts self-renewal potential in HSCs and MPPs such that ascorbate depletion confers MPPs with long-term self-renewal potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Comazzetto
- Children’s Research Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Daniel L. Cassidy
- Children’s Research Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Andrew W. DeVilbiss
- Children’s Research Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Elise C. Jeffery
- Children’s Research Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Bethany R. Ottesen
- Children’s Research Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Amanda R. Reyes
- Children’s Research Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Sarah Muh
- Children’s Research Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Thomas P. Mathews
- Children’s Research Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Brandon Chen
- Children’s Research Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Zhiyu Zhao
- Children’s Research Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Sean J. Morrison
- Children’s Research Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Miller JW, Faubert BM, Mathews TP, Waters JK, DeBerardinis RJ, Kernstine KH. Metabolic signatures of thymomas: potential biomarkers and treatment targets. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2024; 65:ezad394. [PMID: 38011656 PMCID: PMC10882262 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezad394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A study of tumour metabolic reprogramming has revealed disease biomarkers and avenues for therapeutic intervention. Metabolic reprogramming in thymoma is currently understudied and largely unknown. This study utilized metabolomics and isotope tracing with 13C-glucose to metabolically investigate thymomas, adjacent thymic tissue and benign thymic lesions. METHODS From 2017 to 2021, 20 patients with a suspected thymoma were recruited to this prospective Institutional Review Board approved clinical trial. At the time of surgery, 11 patients were infused with 13C-glucose, a stable, non-radioactive tracer which reports the flow of carbon through metabolic pathways. Samples were analysed by mass spectrometry to measure the abundance of >200 metabolites.13C enrichment was measured in patients who received 13C-glucose infusions. RESULTS Histological analysis showed that 9 patients had thymomas of diverse subtypes and 11 patients had benign cysts. In our metabolomic analysis, thymomas could be distinguished from both adjacent thymus tissue and benign lesions by metabolite abundances. Metabolites in pyrimidine biosynthesis and glycerophospholipid metabolism were differentially expressed across these tissues.13C-glucose infusions revealed differential labelling patterns in thymoma compared to benign cysts and normal thymus tissue. The lactate/3PG labelling ratio, a metabolic marker in aggressive lung tumours correlated with lactate uptake, was increased in thymomas (1.579) compared to normal thymus (0.945) and benign masses (0.807) (thymic tissue versus tumour P = 0.021, tumour versus benign P = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS We report metabolic biomarkers, including differential 13C labelling of metabolites from central metabolism, that distinguish thymomas from benign tissues. Altered glucose and lactate metabolism warrant further investigation and may provide novel therapeutic targets for thymoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Miller
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Brandon M Faubert
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John K Waters
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kemp H Kernstine
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Cai F, Bezwada D, Cai L, Mahar R, Wu Z, Chang MC, Pachnis P, Yang C, Kelekar S, Gu W, Brooks B, Ko B, Vu HS, Mathews TP, Zacharias LG, Martin-Sandoval M, Do D, Oaxaca KC, Jin ES, Margulis V, Malloy CR, Merritt ME, DeBerardinis RJ. Comprehensive isotopomer analysis of glutamate and aspartate in small tissue samples. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1830-1843.e5. [PMID: 37611583 PMCID: PMC10732579 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Stable isotopes are powerful tools to assess metabolism. 13C labeling is detected using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy or mass spectrometry (MS). MS has excellent sensitivity but generally cannot discriminate among different 13C positions (isotopomers), whereas NMR is less sensitive but reports some isotopomers. Here, we develop an MS method that reports all 16 aspartate and 32 glutamate isotopomers while requiring less than 1% of the sample used for NMR. This method discriminates between pathways that result in the same number of 13C labels in aspartate and glutamate, providing enhanced specificity over conventional MS. We demonstrate regional metabolic heterogeneity within human tumors, document the impact of fumarate hydratase (FH) deficiency in human renal cancers, and investigate the contributions of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle turnover and CO2 recycling to isotope labeling in vivo. This method can accompany NMR or standard MS to provide outstanding sensitivity in isotope-labeling experiments, particularly in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cai
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Divya Bezwada
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ling Cai
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rohit Mahar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Zheng Wu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Mario C Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Panayotis Pachnis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Chendong Yang
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Sherwin Kelekar
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Wen Gu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Bailey Brooks
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Bookyung Ko
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Hieu S Vu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lauren G Zacharias
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Misty Martin-Sandoval
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Duyen Do
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - K Celeste Oaxaca
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Eunsook S Jin
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Vitaly Margulis
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Craig R Malloy
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Veterans Affairs North Texas Healthcare System, Dallas, TX 75216, USA
| | - Matthew E Merritt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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Wu Z, Bezwada D, Harris RC, Pan C, Nguyen PT, Faubert B, Cai L, Cai F, Vu HS, Chen H, Sandoval MM, Do D, Gu W, Zhang Y, Ko B, Brooks B, Kelekar S, Zhang Y, Zacharias LG, Oaxaca KC, Mathews TP, Garcia-Bermudez J, Ni M, DeBerardinis RJ. Electron transport chain inhibition increases cellular dependence on purine transport and salvage. bioRxiv 2023:2023.05.11.540429. [PMID: 37214913 PMCID: PMC10197673 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.11.540429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells reprogram their metabolism to support cell growth and proliferation in harsh environments. While many studies have documented the importance of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in tumor growth, some cancer cells experience conditions of reduced OXPHOS in vivo and induce alternative metabolic pathways to compensate. To assess how human cells respond to mitochondrial dysfunction, we performed metabolomics in fibroblasts and plasma from patients with inborn errors of mitochondrial metabolism, and in cancer cells subjected to inhibition of the electron transport chain (ETC). All these analyses revealed extensive perturbations in purine-related metabolites; in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, ETC blockade led to purine metabolite accumulation arising from a reduced cytosolic NAD + /NADH ratio (NADH reductive stress). Stable isotope tracing demonstrated that ETC deficiency suppressed de novo purine nucleotide synthesis while enhancing purine salvage. Analysis of NSCLC patients infused with [U- 13 C]glucose revealed that tumors with markers of low oxidative mitochondrial metabolism exhibited high expression of the purine salvage enzyme HPRT1 and abundant levels of the HPRT1 product inosine monophosphate (IMP). ETC blockade also induced production of ribose-5' phosphate (R5P) by the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and import of purine nucleobases. Blocking either HPRT1 or nucleoside transporters sensitized cancer cells to ETC inhibition, and overexpressing nucleoside transporters was sufficient to drive growth of NSCLC xenografts. Collectively, this study mechanistically delineates how cells compensate for suppressed purine metabolism in response to ETC blockade, and uncovers a new metabolic vulnerability in tumors experiencing NADH excess.
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Mathews TP, Muh S, Aurora AB, Morrison SJ. Abstract PR017: Differences in melanoma lipid metabolism among distinct metastatic sites. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.metastasis22-pr017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Metastasis is a very inefficient process in which few disseminated cancer cells survive. We developed a patient-derived xenograft assay in which melanomas engraft and spontaneously metastasize (Quintana Nature 456:593-598). Using this assay, we discovered that melanoma cells experience a spike in reactive oxygen species during metastasis and that distant metastasis is limited by oxidative stress (Piskounova Nature 527:186-191). Successfully metastasizing cells undergo reversible metabolic changes during metastasis that increase oxidative stress resistance. For example, melanoma cells in lymph experience less oxidative stress and form more metastases than melanoma cells in the blood (Ubellacker Nature 585:113-120). This is true in both patient-derived melanomas growing in immunocompromised mice and mouse melanomas growing in syngeneic immunocompetent mice. Cells metastasizing through blood, but not lymph, appear to undergo ferroptosis, a form of cell death marked by lipid oxidation. Multiple differences between lymph fluid and blood plasma may contribute to this difference in oxidative stress, including higher levels of oleic acid in lymph. Oleic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid that protects melanoma cells from ferroptosis, apparently by reducing the abundance of oxidizable polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in phospholipids. In the current study we found that some PUFAs sensitize melanoma cells to lipid peroxidation and cell death more than others. Moreover, we analyzed the lipid profiles of common sites of distant metastasis – liver, brain, kidney, pancreas, bone marrow, lung, and liver – and found that the PUFA compositions of these tissues varies significantly. This raises the possibility that metastasizing melanoma cells may incorporate more PUFAs into their phospholipid membranes and exhibit increased ferroptosis sensitivity in some metastatic sites as compared to others. We found that melanoma cells isolated from metastatic sites by flow cytometry had higher levels of PUFAs in their phospholipid membranes compared to those isolated from subcutaneous tissues. These cells isolated from distal sites also exhibited higher levels of lipid ROS and contained higher levels of oxidized lipid species compared to subcutaneous tumors. These data suggest that the lipid metabolism of metastatic tumors reflects both lipid availability in the metastatic site as well as cell-intrinsic differences in lipid metabolism, both of which contribute to lipid ROS. Both cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic lipid metabolism likely influence the ability of melanoma cells to survive in distinct metastatic sites during metastasis.
Citation Format: Thomas P. Mathews, Sarah Muh, Arin B. Aurora, Sean J. Morrison. Differences in melanoma lipid metabolism among distinct metastatic sites [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Cancer Metastasis; 2022 Nov 14-17; Portland, OR. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;83(2 Suppl_2):Abstract nr PR017.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Muh
- 1 University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Arin B. Aurora
- 1 University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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Mathews TP. Quantitation of Glutathione and Oxidized Glutathione Ratios from Biological Matrices Using LC-MS/MS. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2675:133-148. [PMID: 37258761 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3247-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation of glutathione (GSH) to its disulfide dimer (GSSG) is the major mechanism by which cells balance reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitigate oxidative stress. Thus, measuring the ratio of GSH/GSSG is an ideal way to assess oxidative stress within a cell. Quantitative mass spectrometry offers an ideal method to measure the GSH/GSSG ratio and can be applied to a variety of biological matrices and disease models. The following chapter details the design, optimization, and execution of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay to measure the GSH/GSSG ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P Mathews
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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7
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Kaushik AK, Tarangelo A, Boroughs LK, Ragavan M, Zhang Y, Wu CY, Li X, Ahumada K, Chiang JC, Tcheuyap VT, Saatchi F, Do QN, Yong C, Rosales T, Stevens C, Rao AD, Faubert B, Pachnis P, Zacharias LG, Vu H, Cai F, Mathews TP, Genovese G, Slusher BS, Kapur P, Sun X, Merritt M, Brugarolas J, DeBerardinis RJ. In vivo characterization of glutamine metabolism identifies therapeutic targets in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabp8293. [PMID: 36525494 PMCID: PMC9757752 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abp8293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Targeting metabolic vulnerabilities has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Here, we analyzed the metabolism of patient-derived xenografts (tumorgrafts) from diverse subtypes of RCC. Tumorgrafts from VHL-mutant clear cell RCC (ccRCC) retained metabolic features of human ccRCC and engaged in oxidative and reductive glutamine metabolism. Genetic silencing of isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 or isocitrate dehydrogenase-2 impaired reductive labeling of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates in vivo and suppressed growth of tumors generated from tumorgraft-derived cells. Glutaminase inhibition reduced the contribution of glutamine to the TCA cycle and resulted in modest suppression of tumorgraft growth. Infusions with [amide-15N]glutamine revealed persistent amidotransferase activity during glutaminase inhibition, and blocking these activities with the amidotransferase inhibitor JHU-083 also reduced tumor growth in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent mice. We conclude that ccRCC tumorgrafts catabolize glutamine via multiple pathways, perhaps explaining why it has been challenging to achieve therapeutic responses in patients by inhibiting glutaminase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash K. Kaushik
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Amy Tarangelo
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lindsey K. Boroughs
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mukundan Ragavan
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Cheng-Yang Wu
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Xiangyi Li
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kristen Ahumada
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jui-Chung Chiang
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Vanina T. Tcheuyap
- Kidney Cancer Program, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Faeze Saatchi
- Kidney Cancer Program, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Quyen N. Do
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Cissy Yong
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tracy Rosales
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christina Stevens
- Kidney Cancer Program, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Aparna D. Rao
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Brandon Faubert
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Panayotis Pachnis
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lauren G. Zacharias
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hieu Vu
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Feng Cai
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Thomas P. Mathews
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Giannicola Genovese
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Barbara S. Slusher
- Department of Neurology and Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Payal Kapur
- Kidney Cancer Program, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Xiankai Sun
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Kidney Cancer Program, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX USA
| | - Matthew Merritt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - James Brugarolas
- Kidney Cancer Program, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ralph J. DeBerardinis
- Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Kidney Cancer Program, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
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Shi DD, Savani MR, Levitt MM, Wang AC, Endress JE, Bird CE, Buehler J, Stopka SA, Regan MS, Lin YF, Puliyappadamba VT, Gao W, Khanal J, Evans L, Lee JH, Guo L, Xiao Y, Xu M, Huang B, Jennings RB, Bonal DM, Martin-Sandoval MS, Dang T, Gattie LC, Cameron AB, Lee S, Asara JM, Kornblum HI, Mak TW, Looper RE, Nguyen QD, Signoretti S, Gradl S, Sutter A, Jeffers M, Janzer A, Lehrman MA, Zacharias LG, Mathews TP, Losman JA, Richardson TE, Cahill DP, DeBerardinis RJ, Ligon KL, Xu L, Ly P, Agar NYR, Abdullah KG, Harris IS, Kaelin WG, McBrayer SK. De novo pyrimidine synthesis is a targetable vulnerability in IDH mutant glioma. Cancer Cell 2022; 40:939-956.e16. [PMID: 35985343 PMCID: PMC9515386 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2022.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mutations affecting isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) enzymes are prevalent in glioma, leukemia, and other cancers. Although mutant IDH inhibitors are effective against leukemia, they seem to be less active in aggressive glioma, underscoring the need for alternative treatment strategies. Through a chemical synthetic lethality screen, we discovered that IDH1-mutant glioma cells are hypersensitive to drugs targeting enzymes in the de novo pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis pathway, including dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). We developed a genetically engineered mouse model of mutant IDH1-driven astrocytoma and used it and multiple patient-derived models to show that the brain-penetrant DHODH inhibitor BAY 2402234 displays monotherapy efficacy against IDH-mutant gliomas. Mechanistically, this reflects an obligate dependence of glioma cells on the de novo pyrimidine synthesis pathway and mutant IDH's ability to sensitize to DNA damage upon nucleotide pool imbalance. Our work outlines a tumor-selective, biomarker-guided therapeutic strategy that is poised for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana D Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Milan R Savani
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Michael M Levitt
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Adam C Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jennifer E Endress
- Ludwig Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Cylaina E Bird
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
| | - Joseph Buehler
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Sylwia A Stopka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael S Regan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yu-Fen Lin
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Vinesh T Puliyappadamba
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Wenhua Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Januka Khanal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Laura Evans
- Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Joyce H Lee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Lei Guo
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population & Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yi Xiao
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Min Xu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Bofu Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Rebecca B Jennings
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dennis M Bonal
- Lurie Family Imaging Center, Center for Biomedical Imaging in Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Misty S Martin-Sandoval
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Tammie Dang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lauren C Gattie
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
| | - Amy B Cameron
- Lurie Family Imaging Center, Center for Biomedical Imaging in Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Sungwoo Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - John M Asara
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Harley I Kornblum
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - Tak W Mak
- The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada; The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Ryan E Looper
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Quang-De Nguyen
- Lurie Family Imaging Center, Center for Biomedical Imaging in Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Sabina Signoretti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stefan Gradl
- Bayer AG, Muellerstrasse 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Michael Jeffers
- Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Whippany, NJ 07981, USA
| | | | - Mark A Lehrman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lauren G Zacharias
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Julie-Aurore Losman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Timothy E Richardson
- Department of Pathology, Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Daniel P Cahill
- Department of Neurosurgery, Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
| | - Keith L Ligon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lin Xu
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population & Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
| | - Peter Ly
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Nathalie Y R Agar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kalil G Abdullah
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Hillman Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Isaac S Harris
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - William G Kaelin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
| | - Samuel K McBrayer
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA.
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9
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Pachnis P, Wu Z, Faubert B, Tasdogan A, Gu W, Shelton S, Solmonson A, Rao AD, Kaushik AK, Rogers TJ, Ubellacker JM, LaVigne CA, Yang C, Ko B, Ramesh V, Sudderth J, Zacharias LG, Martin-Sandoval MS, Do D, Mathews TP, Zhao Z, Mishra P, Morrison SJ, DeBerardinis RJ. In vivo isotope tracing reveals a requirement for the electron transport chain in glucose and glutamine metabolism by tumors. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabn9550. [PMID: 36044570 PMCID: PMC9432826 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn9550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In mice and humans with cancer, intravenous 13C-glucose infusion results in 13C labeling of tumor tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates, indicating that pyruvate oxidation in the TCA cycle occurs in tumors. The TCA cycle is usually coupled to the electron transport chain (ETC) because NADH generated by the cycle is reoxidized to NAD+ by the ETC. However, 13C labeling does not directly report ETC activity, and other pathways can oxidize NADH, so the ETC's role in these labeling patterns is unverified. We examined the impact of the ETC complex I inhibitor IACS-010759 on tumor 13C labeling. IACS-010759 suppresses TCA cycle labeling from glucose or lactate and increases labeling from glutamine. Cancer cells expressing yeast NADH dehydrogenase-1, which recycles NADH to NAD+ independently of complex I, display normalized labeling when complex I is inhibited, indicating that cancer cell ETC activity regulates TCA cycle metabolism and 13C labeling from multiple nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panayotis Pachnis
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Zheng Wu
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Brandon Faubert
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Alpaslan Tasdogan
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Wen Gu
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Spencer Shelton
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ashley Solmonson
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Aparna D. Rao
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Akash K. Kaushik
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Thomas J. Rogers
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jessalyn M. Ubellacker
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Collette A. LaVigne
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Chendong Yang
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Bookyung Ko
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Vijayashree Ramesh
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jessica Sudderth
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lauren G. Zacharias
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Misty S. Martin-Sandoval
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Duyen Do
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Thomas P. Mathews
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Zhiyu Zhao
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Prashant Mishra
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Sean J. Morrison
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ralph J. DeBerardinis
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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10
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Solmonson A, Faubert B, Gu W, Rao A, Cowdin MA, Menendez-Montes I, Kelekar S, Rogers TJ, Pan C, Guevara G, Tarangelo A, Zacharias LG, Martin-Sandoval MS, Do D, Pachnis P, Dumesnil D, Mathews TP, Tasdogan A, Pham A, Cai L, Zhao Z, Ni M, Cleaver O, Sadek HA, Morrison SJ, DeBerardinis RJ. Compartmentalized metabolism supports midgestation mammalian development. Nature 2022; 604:349-353. [PMID: 35388219 PMCID: PMC9007737 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04557-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian embryogenesis requires rapid growth and proper metabolic regulation1. Midgestation features increasing oxygen and nutrient availability concomitant with fetal organ development2,3. Understanding how metabolism supports development requires approaches to observe metabolism directly in model organisms in utero. Here we used isotope tracing and metabolomics to identify evolving metabolic programmes in the placenta and embryo during midgestation in mice. These tissues differ metabolically throughout midgestation, but we pinpointed gestational days (GD) 10.5-11.5 as a transition period for both placenta and embryo. Isotope tracing revealed differences in carbohydrate metabolism between the tissues and rapid glucose-dependent purine synthesis, especially in the embryo. Glucose's contribution to the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle rises throughout midgestation in the embryo but not in the placenta. By GD12.5, compartmentalized metabolic programmes are apparent within the embryo, including different nutrient contributions to the TCA cycle in different organs. To contextualize developmental anomalies associated with Mendelian metabolic defects, we analysed mice deficient in LIPT1, the enzyme that activates 2-ketoacid dehydrogenases related to the TCA cycle4,5. LIPT1 deficiency suppresses TCA cycle metabolism during the GD10.5-GD11.5 transition, perturbs brain, heart and erythrocyte development and leads to embryonic demise by GD11.5. These data document individualized metabolic programmes in developing organs in utero.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Solmonson
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Brandon Faubert
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wen Gu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Aparna Rao
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mitzy A Cowdin
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ivan Menendez-Montes
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sherwin Kelekar
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Thomas J Rogers
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Chunxiao Pan
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Gerardo Guevara
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Amy Tarangelo
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lauren G Zacharias
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Misty S Martin-Sandoval
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Duyen Do
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Panayotis Pachnis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Dennis Dumesnil
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Alpaslan Tasdogan
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen and German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - An Pham
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ling Cai
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Zhiyu Zhao
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Min Ni
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ondine Cleaver
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hesham A Sadek
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sean J Morrison
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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11
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Gill JG, Leef SN, Ramesh V, Martin-Sandoval MS, Rao AD, West L, Muh S, Gu W, Zhao Z, Hosler GA, Vandergriff TW, Durham AB, Mathews TP, Aurora AB. A short isoform of spermatogenic enzyme GAPDHS functions as a metabolic switch and limits metastasis in melanoma. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1251-1266. [PMID: 35149585 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-2062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite being the leading cause of cancer deaths, metastasis remains a poorly understood process. To identify novel regulators of metastasis in melanoma, we performed a large-scale RNA-sequencing screen of 48 samples from patient-derived xenograft (PDX) subcutaneous melanomas and their associated metastases. In comparison to primary tumors, expression of glycolytic genes was frequently decreased in metastases while expression of some TCA cycle genes was increased in metastases. Consistent with these transcriptional changes, melanoma metastases underwent a metabolic switch characterized by decreased levels of glycolytic metabolites and increased abundance of TCA cycle metabolites. A short isoform of glyceraldehye-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, spermatogenic (GAPDHS) lacking the N-terminal domain suppressed metastasis and regulated this metabolic switch. GAPDHS was downregulated in metastatic nodules from PDX models as well as in human patients. Overexpression of GAPDHS was sufficient to block melanoma metastasis, while its inhibition promoted metastasis, decreased glycolysis, and increased levels of certain TCA cycle metabolites and their derivatives including citrate, fumarate, malate, and aspartate. Isotope tracing studies indicated that GADPHS mediates this shift through changes in pyruvate carboxylase activity and aspartate synthesis, both metabolic pathways critical for cancer survival and metastasis. Together these data identify a short isoform of GAPDHS that limits melanoma metastasis and regulates central carbon metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer G Gill
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Dallas, Texas
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Samantha N Leef
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Vijayashree Ramesh
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Misty S Martin-Sandoval
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Aparna D Rao
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lindsey West
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Dallas, Texas
| | - Sarah Muh
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Wen Gu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Zhiyu Zhao
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Gregory A Hosler
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Dallas, Texas
- ProPath Dermatopathology, Dallas, Texas
| | - Travis W Vandergriff
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Dallas, Texas
| | - Alison B Durham
- University of Michigan, Department of Dermatology, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Arin B Aurora
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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12
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Zhu P, Hamlish NX, Thakkar AV, Steffeck AWT, Rendleman EJ, Khan NH, Waldeck NJ, DeVilbiss AW, Martin-Sandoval MS, Mathews TP, Chandel NS, Peek CB. BMAL1 drives muscle repair through control of hypoxic NAD + regeneration in satellite cells. Genes Dev 2022; 36:149-166. [PMID: 35115380 PMCID: PMC8887128 DOI: 10.1101/gad.349066.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The process of tissue regeneration occurs in a developmentally timed manner, yet the role of circadian timing is not understood. Here, we identify a role for the adult muscle stem cell (MuSC)-autonomous clock in the control of muscle regeneration following acute ischemic injury. We observed greater muscle repair capacity following injury during the active/wake period as compared with the inactive/rest period in mice, and loss of Bmal1 within MuSCs leads to impaired muscle regeneration. We demonstrate that Bmal1 loss in MuSCs leads to reduced activated MuSC number at day 3 postinjury, indicating a failure to properly expand the myogenic precursor pool. In cultured primary myoblasts, we observed that loss of Bmal1 impairs cell proliferation in hypoxia (a condition that occurs in the first 1-3 d following tissue injury in vivo), as well as subsequent myofiber differentiation. Loss of Bmal1 in both cultured myoblasts and in vivo activated MuSCs leads to reduced glycolysis and premature activation of prodifferentiation gene transcription and epigenetic remodeling. Finally, hypoxic cell proliferation and myofiber formation in Bmal1-deficient myoblasts are restored by increasing cytosolic NAD+ Together, we identify the MuSC clock as a pivotal regulator of oxygen-dependent myoblast cell fate and muscle repair through the control of the NAD+-driven response to injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Noah X Hamlish
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Abhishek Vijay Thakkar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Adam W T Steffeck
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Emily J Rendleman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Nabiha H Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Nathan J Waldeck
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Andrew W DeVilbiss
- Children's Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - Misty S Martin-Sandoval
- Children's Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Children's Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Clara B Peek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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13
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Qi L, Martin-Sandoval MS, Merchant S, Gu W, Eckhardt M, Mathews TP, Zhao Z, Agathocleous M, Morrison SJ. Aspartate availability limits hematopoietic stem cell function during hematopoietic regeneration. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:1982-1999.e8. [PMID: 34450065 PMCID: PMC8571029 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The electron transport chain promotes aspartate synthesis, which is required for cancer cell proliferation. However, it is unclear whether aspartate is limiting in normal stem cells. We found that mouse hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) depend entirely on cell-autonomous aspartate synthesis, which increases upon HSC activation. Overexpression of the glutamate/aspartate transporter, Glast, or deletion of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 1 (Got1) each increased aspartate levels in HSCs/progenitor cells and increased the function of HSCs but not colony-forming progenitors. Conversely, deletion of Got2 reduced aspartate levels and the function of HSCs but not colony-forming progenitors. Deletion of Got1 and Got2 eliminated HSCs. Isotope tracing showed aspartate was used to synthesize asparagine and purines. Both contributed to increased HSC function as deletion of asparagine synthetase or treatment with 6-mercaptopurine attenuated the increased function of GLAST-overexpressing HSCs. HSC function is thus limited by aspartate, purine, and asparagine availability during hematopoietic regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Qi
- Children's Research Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Misty S Martin-Sandoval
- Children's Research Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Salma Merchant
- Children's Research Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Wen Gu
- Children's Research Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Matthias Eckhardt
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia 53115, Germany
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Children's Research Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Zhiyu Zhao
- Children's Research Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Michalis Agathocleous
- Children's Research Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Sean J Morrison
- Children's Research Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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14
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Jun S, Mahesula S, Mathews TP, Martin-Sandoval MS, Zhao Z, Piskounova E, Agathocleous M. The requirement for pyruvate dehydrogenase in leukemogenesis depends on cell lineage. Cell Metab 2021; 33:1777-1792.e8. [PMID: 34375613 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells are metabolically similar to their corresponding normal tissues. Differences between cancers and normal tissues may reflect reprogramming during transformation or maintenance of the metabolism of the specific normal cell type that originated the cancer. Here, we compare glucose metabolism in hematopoiesis and leukemia. Thymus T cell progenitors were glucose avid and oxidized more glucose in the tricarboxylic acid cycle through pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) as compared with other hematopoietic cells. PDH deletion decreased double-positive T cell progenitor cells but had no effect on hematopoietic stem cells, myeloid progenitors, or other hematopoietic cells. PDH deletion blocked the development of Pten-deficient T cell leukemia, but not the development of a Pten-deficient myeloid neoplasm. Therefore, the requirement for PDH in leukemia reflected the metabolism of the normal cell of origin independently of the driver genetic lesion. PDH was required to prevent pyruvate accumulation and maintain glutathione levels and redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sojeong Jun
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Swetha Mahesula
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Misty S Martin-Sandoval
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Zhiyu Zhao
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Elena Piskounova
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center and Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michalis Agathocleous
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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15
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Johnston K, Pachnis P, Tasdogan A, Faubert B, Zacharias LG, Vu HS, Rodgers-Augustyniak L, Johnson A, Huang F, Ricciardo S, Zhao Z, Mathews TP, Watt T, Leavey P, DeBerardinis RJ. Isotope tracing reveals glycolysis and oxidative metabolism in childhood tumors of multiple histologies. Med (N Y) 2021; 2:395-410. [PMID: 33860280 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Survival among children with high-risk solid tumors remains poor. Reprogrammed metabolism promotes tumor growth and may contain therapeutic liabilities. Tumor metabolism has been assessed in adults using intra-operative 13C-glucose infusions. Pediatric tumors differ from adult cancers in their low mutational burden and derivation from embryonic tissues. Here we used 13C infusions to examine tumor metabolism in children, comparing phenotypes among tumor types and between childhood and adult cancers. Methods Patients recruited to study NCT03686566 received an intra-operative infusion of [U-13C]glucose during tumor resection to evaluate central carbon pathways in the tumor, with concurrent metabolomics to provide a broad overview of metabolism. Differential characteristics were determined using multiple comparison tests and mixed effect analyses. Findings We studied 23 tumors from 22 patients. All tumors analyzed by [U-13C]glucose contained labeling in glycolytic and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates. Labeling in the TCA cycle indicated activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and pyruvate carboxylase (PC), with PDH predominating. Neuroblastomas had high lactate labeling relative to other childhood cancers and lung cancer, and were distinguished by abundant tyrosine catabolites consistent with catecholamine synthesis. Conclusions Intra-operative [U13C]glucose infusions are safe and informative in pediatric cancer. Tumors of various histologies use glycolysis and oxidative metabolism, with subtype-selective differences evident from this small cohort. Expanding this cohort may uncover predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets from tumor metabolism. Funding N.C.I grants to P.L. (R21CA220090-01A1) and R.J.D. (R35CA22044901); H.H.M.I. funding to R.J.D.; Children's Clinical Research Advisory Committee funding to K.J.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra Johnston
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Children's Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA.,Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Panayotis Pachnis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Alpaslan Tasdogan
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Brandon Faubert
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Lauren G Zacharias
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Hieu Sy Vu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | | | | | - Fang Huang
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Sean Ricciardo
- Children's Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Zhiyu Zhao
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Tanya Watt
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Children's Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - Patrick Leavey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Children's Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
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16
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DeVilbiss AW, Zhao Z, Martin-Sandoval MS, Ubellacker JM, Tasdogan A, Agathocleous M, Mathews TP, Morrison SJ. Metabolomic profiling of rare cell populations isolated by flow cytometry from tissues. eLife 2021; 10:61980. [PMID: 33470192 PMCID: PMC7847306 DOI: 10.7554/elife.61980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the metabolic regulation of rare cell populations because most metabolites are hard to detect in small numbers of cells. We previously described a method for metabolomic profiling of flow cytometrically isolated hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that detects 60 metabolites in 10,000 cells (Agathocleous et al., 2017). Here we describe a new method involving hydrophilic liquid interaction chromatography and high-sensitivity orbitrap mass spectrometry that detected 160 metabolites in 10,000 HSCs, including many more glycolytic and lipid intermediates. We improved chromatographic separation, increased mass resolution, minimized ion suppression, and eliminated sample drying. Most metabolite levels did not significantly change during cell isolation. Mouse HSCs exhibited increased glycerophospholipids relative to bone marrow cells and methotrexate treatment altered purine biosynthesis. Circulating human melanoma cells were depleted for purine intermediates relative to subcutaneous tumors, suggesting decreased purine synthesis during metastasis. These methods facilitate the routine metabolomic analysis of rare cells from tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W DeVilbiss
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Zhiyu Zhao
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Misty S Martin-Sandoval
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Jessalyn M Ubellacker
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Alpaslan Tasdogan
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Michalis Agathocleous
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Sean J Morrison
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
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17
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Ubellacker JM, Tasdogan A, Ramesh V, Shen B, Mitchell EC, Martin-Sandoval MS, Gu Z, McCormick ML, Durham AB, Spitz DR, Zhao Z, Mathews TP, Morrison SJ. Lymph protects metastasizing melanoma cells from ferroptosis. Nature 2020; 585:113-118. [PMID: 32814895 PMCID: PMC7484468 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2623-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 430] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells, including melanoma, often metastasize regionally through lymphatics before metastasizing systemically through the blood1–4; however, the reason for this is unclear. Here we show that melanoma cells in lymph experience less oxidative stress and form more metastases than melanoma cells in blood. Immunocompromised mice with patient-derived melanomas and immunocompetent mice with mouse melanomas had more melanoma cells per microliter of tumor-draining lymph than tumor-draining blood. Cells metastasizing through blood, but not lymph, became dependent on the ferroptosis inhibitor GPX4. Cells pre-treated with chemical ferroptosis inhibitors formed more metastases than untreated cells after intravenous, but not intralymphatic, injection. We observed multiple differences between lymph fluid and blood plasma that may contribute to decreased oxidative stress and ferroptosis in lymph, including higher levels of glutathione and oleic acid, and less free iron, in lymph. Oleic acid protected melanoma cells from ferroptosis in an Acsl3-dependent manner and increased their capacity to form metastatic tumors. Melanoma cells from lymph nodes were more resistant to ferroptosis and formed more metastases after intravenous injection than melanoma cells from subcutaneous tumors. Exposure to the lymphatic environment thus protects melanoma cells from ferroptosis and increases their ability to survive during subsequent metastasis through the blood. Lymph protects melanoma cells from the oxidative stress and ferroptotic cell death that occurs in the blood during metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessalyn M Ubellacker
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Alpaslan Tasdogan
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Vijayashree Ramesh
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Bo Shen
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Evann C Mitchell
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Misty S Martin-Sandoval
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Zhimin Gu
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Michael L McCormick
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Alison B Durham
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Douglas R Spitz
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Zhiyu Zhao
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sean J Morrison
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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18
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Luengo A, Abbott KL, Davidson SM, Hosios AM, Faubert B, Chan SH, Freinkman E, Zacharias LG, Mathews TP, Clish CB, DeBerardinis RJ, Lewis CA, Vander Heiden MG. Reactive metabolite production is a targetable liability of glycolytic metabolism in lung cancer. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5604. [PMID: 31811141 PMCID: PMC6898239 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13419-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased glucose uptake and metabolism is a prominent phenotype of most cancers, but efforts to clinically target this metabolic alteration have been challenging. Here, we present evidence that lactoylglutathione (LGSH), a byproduct of methylglyoxal detoxification, is elevated in both human and murine non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Methylglyoxal is a reactive metabolite byproduct of glycolysis that reacts non-enzymatically with nucleophiles in cells, including basic amino acids, and reduces cellular fitness. Detoxification of methylglyoxal requires reduced glutathione (GSH), which accumulates to high levels in NSCLC relative to normal lung. Ablation of the methylglyoxal detoxification enzyme glyoxalase I (Glo1) potentiates methylglyoxal sensitivity and reduces tumor growth in mice, arguing that targeting pathways involved in detoxification of reactive metabolites is an approach to exploit the consequences of increased glucose metabolism in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Luengo
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Keene L Abbott
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Shawn M Davidson
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Aaron M Hosios
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Brandon Faubert
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sze Ham Chan
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Elizaveta Freinkman
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Lauren G Zacharias
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Clary B Clish
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Caroline A Lewis
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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19
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Sanford AA, Isenberg SL, Carter MD, Mojica MA, Mathews TP, Laughlin S, Thomas JD, Pirkle JL, Johnson RC. Quantification of hypoglycin A and methylenecyclopropylglycine in human plasma by HPLC-MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1095:112-118. [PMID: 30056267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Hypoglycin A (HGA) and methylenecyclopropylglycine (MCPG) are naturally-occurring amino acids known to cause hypoglycemia and encephalopathy. Exposure to one or both toxins through the ingestion of common soapberry (Sapindaceae) fruits are documented in illness outbreaks throughout the world. Jamaican Vomiting Sickness (JVS) and seasonal pasture myopathy (SPM, horses) are linked to HGA exposure from unripe ackee fruit and box elder seeds, respectively. Acute toxic encephalopathy is linked to HGA and MCPG exposures from litchi fruit. HGA and MCPG are found in several fruits within the soapberry family and are known to cause severe hypoglycemia, seizures, and death. HGA has been directly quantified in horse blood in SPM cases and in human gastric juice in JVS cases. This work presents a new diagnostic assay capable of simultaneous quantification of HGA and MCPG in human plasma, and it can be used to detect patients with toxicity from soapberry fruits. The assay presented herein is the first quantitative method for MCPG in blood matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee A Sanford
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Samantha L Isenberg
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Melissa D Carter
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Mike A Mojica
- Battelle Memorial Institute at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Battelle Memorial Institute at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sarah Laughlin
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jerry D Thomas
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - James L Pirkle
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rudolph C Johnson
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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20
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Shrivastava A, Kumar A, Thomas JD, Laserson KF, Bhushan G, Carter MD, Chhabra M, Mittal V, Khare S, Sejvar JJ, Dwivedi M, Isenberg SL, Johnson R, Pirkle JL, Sharer JD, Hall PL, Yadav R, Velayudhan A, Papanna M, Singh P, Somashekar D, Pradhan A, Goel K, Pandey R, Kumar M, Kumar S, Chakrabarti A, Sivaperumal P, Kumar AR, Schier JG, Chang A, Graham LA, Mathews TP, Johnson D, Valentin L, Caldwell KL, Jarrett JM, Harden LA, Takeoka GR, Tong S, Queen K, Paden C, Whitney A, Haberling DL, Singh R, Singh RS, Earhart KC, Dhariwal AC, Chauhan LS, Venkatesh S, Srikantiah P. Association of acute toxic encephalopathy with litchi consumption in an outbreak in Muzaffarpur, India, 2014: a case-control study. Lancet Glob Health 2017; 5:e458-e466. [PMID: 28153514 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(17)30035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outbreaks of unexplained illness frequently remain under-investigated. In India, outbreaks of an acute neurological illness with high mortality among children occur annually in Muzaffarpur, the country's largest litchi cultivation region. In 2014, we aimed to investigate the cause and risk factors for this illness. METHODS In this hospital-based surveillance and nested age-matched case-control study, we did laboratory investigations to assess potential infectious and non-infectious causes of this acute neurological illness. Cases were children aged 15 years or younger who were admitted to two hospitals in Muzaffarpur with new-onset seizures or altered sensorium. Age-matched controls were residents of Muzaffarpur who were admitted to the same two hospitals for a non-neurologic illness within seven days of the date of admission of the case. Clinical specimens (blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine) and environmental specimens (litchis) were tested for evidence of infectious pathogens, pesticides, toxic metals, and other non-infectious causes, including presence of hypoglycin A or methylenecyclopropylglycine (MCPG), naturally-occurring fruit-based toxins that cause hypoglycaemia and metabolic derangement. Matched and unmatched (controlling for age) bivariate analyses were done and risk factors for illness were expressed as matched odds ratios and odds ratios (unmatched analyses). FINDINGS Between May 26, and July 17, 2014, 390 patients meeting the case definition were admitted to the two referral hospitals in Muzaffarpur, of whom 122 (31%) died. On admission, 204 (62%) of 327 had blood glucose concentration of 70 mg/dL or less. 104 cases were compared with 104 age-matched hospital controls. Litchi consumption (matched odds ratio [mOR] 9·6 [95% CI 3·6 - 24]) and absence of an evening meal (2·2 [1·2-4·3]) in the 24 h preceding illness onset were associated with illness. The absence of an evening meal significantly modified the effect of eating litchis on illness (odds ratio [OR] 7·8 [95% CI 3·3-18·8], without evening meal; OR 3·6 [1·1-11·1] with an evening meal). Tests for infectious agents and pesticides were negative. Metabolites of hypoglycin A, MCPG, or both were detected in 48 [66%] of 73 urine specimens from case-patients and none from 15 controls; 72 (90%) of 80 case-patient specimens had abnormal plasma acylcarnitine profiles, consistent with severe disruption of fatty acid metabolism. In 36 litchi arils tested from Muzaffarpur, hypoglycin A concentrations ranged from 12·4 μg/g to 152·0 μg/g and MCPG ranged from 44·9 μg/g to 220·0 μg/g. INTERPRETATION Our investigation suggests an outbreak of acute encephalopathy in Muzaffarpur associated with both hypoglycin A and MCPG toxicity. To prevent illness and reduce mortality in the region, we recommended minimising litchi consumption, ensuring receipt of an evening meal and implementing rapid glucose correction for suspected illness. A comprehensive investigative approach in Muzaffarpur led to timely public health recommendations, underscoring the importance of using systematic methods in other unexplained illness outbreaks. FUNDING US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aakash Shrivastava
- National Centre for Disease Control, India, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- National Centre for Disease Control, India, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi, India
| | - Jerry D Thomas
- National Center for Environmental Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kayla F Laserson
- Global Disease Detection Program, India, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Embassy of the United States, Shanti Path, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, India; Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gyan Bhushan
- Muzaffarpur District Health Department, Government of Bihar, Sadar Hospital, Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India
| | - Melissa D Carter
- National Center for Environmental Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mala Chhabra
- National Centre for Disease Control, India, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi, India
| | - Veena Mittal
- National Centre for Disease Control, India, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi, India
| | - Shashi Khare
- National Centre for Disease Control, India, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi, India
| | - James J Sejvar
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mayank Dwivedi
- Global Disease Detection Program, India, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Embassy of the United States, Shanti Path, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, India
| | - Samantha L Isenberg
- Battelle at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rudolph Johnson
- National Center for Environmental Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - James L Pirkle
- National Center for Environmental Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jon D Sharer
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Patricia L Hall
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Rajesh Yadav
- Global Disease Detection Program, India, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Embassy of the United States, Shanti Path, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, India; India Epidemic Intelligence Service, National Centre for Disease Control, India, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi, India
| | - Anoop Velayudhan
- Global Disease Detection Program, India, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Embassy of the United States, Shanti Path, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, India; India Epidemic Intelligence Service, National Centre for Disease Control, India, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi, India
| | - Mohan Papanna
- Global Disease Detection Program, India, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Embassy of the United States, Shanti Path, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, India; India Epidemic Intelligence Service, National Centre for Disease Control, India, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi, India
| | - Pankaj Singh
- India Epidemic Intelligence Service, National Centre for Disease Control, India, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi, India
| | - D Somashekar
- India Epidemic Intelligence Service, National Centre for Disease Control, India, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi, India
| | - Arghya Pradhan
- India Epidemic Intelligence Service, National Centre for Disease Control, India, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi, India
| | - Kapil Goel
- India Epidemic Intelligence Service, National Centre for Disease Control, India, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Pandey
- India Epidemic Intelligence Service, National Centre for Disease Control, India, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi, India
| | - Mohan Kumar
- India Epidemic Intelligence Service, National Centre for Disease Control, India, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi, India
| | - Satish Kumar
- India Epidemic Intelligence Service, National Centre for Disease Control, India, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi, India
| | - Amit Chakrabarti
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - P Sivaperumal
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - A Ramesh Kumar
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Joshua G Schier
- National Center for Environmental Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Arthur Chang
- National Center for Environmental Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Leigh Ann Graham
- Battelle at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Battelle at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Darryl Johnson
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Fellow at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Liza Valentin
- National Center for Environmental Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kathleen L Caldwell
- National Center for Environmental Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jeffery M Jarrett
- National Center for Environmental Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Leslie A Harden
- Western Regional Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA, USA
| | - Gary R Takeoka
- Western Regional Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA, USA
| | - Suxiang Tong
- National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Krista Queen
- National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Clinton Paden
- National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anne Whitney
- National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dana L Haberling
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ram Singh
- National Centre for Disease Control, India, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi, India
| | - Ravi Shankar Singh
- National Centre for Disease Control, India, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi, India
| | - Kenneth C Earhart
- Global Disease Detection Program, India, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Embassy of the United States, Shanti Path, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, India; Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - A C Dhariwal
- National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Nirman Bhavan, New Delhi, India
| | - L S Chauhan
- National Centre for Disease Control, India, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi, India
| | - S Venkatesh
- National Centre for Disease Control, India, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi, India
| | - Padmini Srikantiah
- Global Disease Detection Program, India, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Embassy of the United States, Shanti Path, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, India; Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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21
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Mathews TP, Carter MD, Johnson D, Isenberg SL, Graham LA, Thomas JD, Johnson RC. High-Confidence Qualitative Identification of Organophosphorus Nerve Agent Adducts to Human Butyrylcholinesterase. Anal Chem 2017; 89:1955-1964. [PMID: 28208252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a data-dependent, high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (ddHRMS/MS) method capable of detecting all organophosphorus nerve agent (OPNA) adducts to human butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) was developed. After an exposure event, immunoprecipitation from blood with a BChE-specific antibody and digestion with pepsin produces a nine amino acid peptide containing the OPNA adduct. Signature product ions of this peptic BChE nonapeptide (FGES*AGAAS) offer a route to broadly screen for OPNA exposure. Taking this approach on an HRMS instrument identifies biomarkers, including unknowns, with high mass accuracy. Using a set of pooled human sera exposed to OPNAs as quality control (QC) materials, the developed method successfully identified precursor ions with <1 ppm and tied them to signature product ions with <5 ppm deviation from their chemical formulas. This high mass accuracy data from precursor and product ions, collected over 23 independent immunoprecipitation preparations, established method operating limits. QC data and experiments with 14 synthetic reference peptides indicated that reliable qualitative identification of biomarkers was possible for analytes >15 ng/mL. The developed method was applied to a convenience set of 96 unexposed serum samples and a blinded set of 80 samples treated with OPNAs. OPNA biomarkers were not observed in convenience set samples and no false positive or negative identifications were observed in blinded samples. All biomarkers in the blinded serum set >15 ng/mL were correctly identified. For the first time, this study reports a ddHRMS/MS method capable of complementing existing quantitative methodologies and suitable for identifying exposure to unknown organophosphorus agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P Mathews
- Battelle at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States
| | - Melissa D Carter
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States
| | - Darryl Johnson
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Fellow at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States
| | - Samantha L Isenberg
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States
| | - Leigh Ann Graham
- Battelle at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States
| | - Jerry D Thomas
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States
| | - Rudolph C Johnson
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States
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22
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Graham LA, Johnson D, Carter MD, Stout EG, Erol HA, Isenberg SL, Mathews TP, Thomas JD, Johnson RC. A high-throughput UHPLC-MS/MS method for the quantification of five aged butyrylcholinesterase biomarkers from human exposure to organophosphorus nerve agents. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 31. [PMID: 27572107 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphorus nerve agents (OPNAs) are toxic compounds that are classified as prohibited Schedule 1 chemical weapons. In the body, OPNAs bind to butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) to form nerve agent adducts (OPNA-BChE). OPNA-BChE adducts can provide a reliable, long-term protein biomarker for assessing human exposure. A major challenge facing OPNA-BChE detection is hydrolysis (aging), which can continue to occur after a clinical specimen has been collected. During aging, the o-alkyl phosphoester bond hydrolyzes, and the specific identity of the nerve agent is lost. To better identify OPNA exposure events, a high-throughput method for the detection of five aged OPNA-BChE adducts was developed. This is the first diagnostic panel to allow for the simultaneous quantification of any Chemical Weapons Convention Schedule 1 OPNA by measuring the aged adducts methyl phosphonate, ethyl phosphonate, propyl phosphonate, ethyl phosphoryl, phosphoryl and unadducted BChE. The calibration range for all analytes is 2.00-250. ng/mL, which is consistent with similar methodologies used to detect unaged OPNA-BChE adducts. Each analytical run is 3 min, making the time to first unknown results, including calibration curve and quality controls, less than 1 h. Analysis of commercially purchased individual serum samples demonstrated no potential interferences with detection of aged OPNA-BChE adducts, and quantitative measurements of endogenous levels of BChE were similar to those previously reported in other OPNA-BChE adduct assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Ann Graham
- Battelle at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Darryl Johnson
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Fellow at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Melissa D Carter
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Emily G Stout
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Fellow at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Huseyin A Erol
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Fellow at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Samantha L Isenberg
- Battelle at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Battelle at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jerry D Thomas
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rudolph C Johnson
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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23
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Isenberg SL, Carter MD, Hayes SR, Graham LA, Johnson D, Mathews TP, Harden LA, Takeoka GR, Thomas JD, Pirkle JL, Johnson RC. Quantification of Toxins in Soapberry (Sapindaceae) Arils: Hypoglycin A and Methylenecyclopropylglycine. J Agric Food Chem 2016; 64:5607-5613. [PMID: 27367968 PMCID: PMC5098216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Methylenecyclopropylglycine (MCPG) and hypoglycin A (HGA) are naturally occurring amino acids found in some soapberry fruits. Fatalities have been reported worldwide as a result of HGA ingestion, and exposure to MCPG has been implicated recently in the Asian outbreaks of hypoglycemic encephalopathy. In response to an outbreak linked to soapberry ingestion, the authors developed the first method to simultaneously quantify MCPG and HGA in soapberry fruits from 1 to 10 000 ppm of both toxins in dried fruit aril. Further, this is the first report of HGA in litchi, longan, and mamoncillo arils. This method is presented to specifically address the laboratory needs of public-health investigators in the hypoglycemic encephalitis outbreaks linked to soapberry fruit ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L. Isenberg
- Battelle Memorial Institute at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Melissa D. Carter
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Shelby R. Hayes
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Fellow at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Leigh Ann Graham
- Battelle Memorial Institute at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Darryl Johnson
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Fellow at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Thomas P. Mathews
- Battelle Memorial Institute at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Leslie A. Harden
- Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture Albany, CA
| | - Gary R. Takeoka
- Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture Albany, CA
| | - Jerry D. Thomas
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - James L. Pirkle
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Rudolph C. Johnson
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
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24
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Isenberg SL, Carter MD, Graham LA, Mathews TP, Johnson D, Thomas JD, Pirkle JL, Johnson RC. Quantification of metabolites for assessing human exposure to soapberry toxins hypoglycin A and methylenecyclopropylglycine. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:1753-9. [PMID: 26328472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ingestion of soapberry fruit toxins hypoglycin A and methylenecyclopropylglycine has been linked to public health challenges worldwide. In 1976, over 100 years after Jamaican vomiting sickness (JVS) was first reported, the cause of JVS was linked to the ingestion of the toxin hypoglycin A produced by ackee fruit. A structural analogue of hypoglycin A, methylenecyclopropylglycine (MCPG), was implicated as the cause of an acute encephalitis syndrome (AES). Much of the evidence linking hypoglycin A and MCPG to these diseases has been largely circumstantial due to the lack of an analytical method for specific metabolites. This study presents an analytical approach to identify and quantify specific urine metabolites for exposure to hypoglycin A and MCPG. The metabolites are excreted in urine as glycine adducts methylenecyclopropylacetyl-glycine (MCPA-Gly) and methylenecyclopropylformyl-glycine (MCPF-Gly). These metabolites were processed by isotope dilution, separated by reverse-phase liquid chromatography, and monitored by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The analytical response ratio was linearly proportional to the concentration of MCPF-Gly and MCPA-Gly in urine from 0.10 to 20 μg/mL with a correlation coefficient of r > 0.99. The assay demonstrated accuracy ≥80% and precision ≤20% RSD across the calibration range. This method has been applied to assess exposure to hypoglycin A and MCPG as part of a larger public health initiative and was used to provide the first reported identification of MCPF-Gly and MCPA-Gly in human urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Isenberg
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Fellow, ‡Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States
| | - Melissa D Carter
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Fellow, ‡Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States
| | - Leigh Ann Graham
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Fellow, ‡Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Fellow, ‡Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States
| | - Darryl Johnson
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Fellow, ‡Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States
| | - Jerry D Thomas
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Fellow, ‡Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States
| | - James L Pirkle
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Fellow, ‡Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States
| | - Rudolph C Johnson
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Fellow, ‡Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States
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25
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Taylor HE, Simmons GE, Mathews TP, Khatua AK, Popik W, Lindsley CW, D’Aquila RT, Brown HA. Phospholipase D1 Couples CD4+ T Cell Activation to c-Myc-Dependent Deoxyribonucleotide Pool Expansion and HIV-1 Replication. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1004864. [PMID: 26020637 PMCID: PMC4447393 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Quiescent CD4+ T cells restrict human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection at early steps of virus replication. Low levels of both deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs) and the biosynthetic enzymes required for their de novo synthesis provide one barrier to infection. CD4+ T cell activation induces metabolic reprogramming that reverses this block and facilitates HIV-1 replication. Here, we show that phospholipase D1 (PLD1) links T cell activation signals to increased HIV-1 permissivity by triggering a c-Myc-dependent transcriptional program that coordinates glucose uptake and nucleotide biosynthesis. Decreasing PLD1 activity pharmacologically or by RNA interference diminished c-Myc-dependent expression during T cell activation at the RNA and protein levels. PLD1 inhibition of HIV-1 infection was partially rescued by adding exogenous deoxyribonucleosides that bypass the need for de novo dNTP synthesis. Moreover, the data indicate that low dNTP levels that impact HIV-1 restriction involve decreased synthesis, and not only increased catabolism of these nucleotides. These findings uncover a unique mechanism of action for PLD1 inhibitors and support their further development as part of a therapeutic combination for HIV-1 and other viral infections dependent on host nucleotide biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry E. Taylor
- Northwestern HIV Translational Research Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail: (HET); (HAB)
| | - Glenn E. Simmons
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Thomas P. Mathews
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Atanu K. Khatua
- Meharry Medical College, Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Waldemar Popik
- Meharry Medical College, Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Craig W. Lindsley
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennesee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Richard T. D’Aquila
- Northwestern HIV Translational Research Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - H. Alex Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail: (HET); (HAB)
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26
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Mathews TP, Hill S, Rose KL, Ivanova PT, Lindsley CW, Brown HA. Human phospholipase D activity transiently regulates pyrimidine biosynthesis in malignant gliomas. ACS Chem Biol 2015; 10:1258-68. [PMID: 25646564 DOI: 10.1021/cb500772c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells reorganize their metabolic pathways to fuel demanding rates of proliferation. Oftentimes, these metabolic phenotypes lie downstream of prominent oncogenes. The lipid signaling molecule phosphatidic acid (PtdOH), which is produced by the hydrolytic enzyme phospholipase D (PLD), has been identified as a critical regulatory molecule for oncogenic signaling in many cancers. In an effort to identify novel regulatory mechanisms for PtdOH, we screened various cancer cell lines, assessing whether treatment of cancer models with PLD inhibitors altered production of intracellular metabolites. Preliminary findings lead us to focus on how deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) are altered upon PLD inhibitor treatment in gliomas. Using a combination of proteomics and small molecule intracellular metabolomics, we show herein that PtdOH acutely regulates the production of these pyrimidine metabolites through activation of CAD via mTOR signaling pathways independently of Akt. These changes are responsible for decreases in dNTP production after PLD inhibitor treatment. Our data identify a novel regulatory role for PLD activity in specific cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P. Mathews
- Department of Pharmacology
and The Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, ‡The Vanderbilt Center
for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, §Department of Chemistry, ∥The Vanderbilt Institute
of Chemical Biology, ⊥The Vanderbilt Mass Spectrometry Research Center, and #Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Salisha Hill
- Department of Pharmacology
and The Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, ‡The Vanderbilt Center
for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, §Department of Chemistry, ∥The Vanderbilt Institute
of Chemical Biology, ⊥The Vanderbilt Mass Spectrometry Research Center, and #Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Kristie L. Rose
- Department of Pharmacology
and The Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, ‡The Vanderbilt Center
for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, §Department of Chemistry, ∥The Vanderbilt Institute
of Chemical Biology, ⊥The Vanderbilt Mass Spectrometry Research Center, and #Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Pavlina T. Ivanova
- Department of Pharmacology
and The Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, ‡The Vanderbilt Center
for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, §Department of Chemistry, ∥The Vanderbilt Institute
of Chemical Biology, ⊥The Vanderbilt Mass Spectrometry Research Center, and #Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Craig W. Lindsley
- Department of Pharmacology
and The Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, ‡The Vanderbilt Center
for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, §Department of Chemistry, ∥The Vanderbilt Institute
of Chemical Biology, ⊥The Vanderbilt Mass Spectrometry Research Center, and #Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - H. Alex Brown
- Department of Pharmacology
and The Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, ‡The Vanderbilt Center
for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, §Department of Chemistry, ∥The Vanderbilt Institute
of Chemical Biology, ⊥The Vanderbilt Mass Spectrometry Research Center, and #Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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27
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Gorden DL, Myers DS, Ivanova PT, Fahy E, Maurya MR, Gupta S, Min J, Spann NJ, McDonald JG, Kelly SL, Duan J, Sullards MC, Leiker TJ, Barkley RM, Quehenberger O, Armando AM, Milne SB, Mathews TP, Armstrong MD, Li C, Melvin WV, Clements RH, Washington MK, Mendonsa AM, Witztum JL, Guan Z, Glass CK, Murphy RC, Dennis EA, Merrill AH, Russell DW, Subramaniam S, Brown HA. Biomarkers of NAFLD progression: a lipidomics approach to an epidemic. J Lipid Res 2015; 56:722-736. [PMID: 25598080 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p056002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The spectrum of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) includes steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and cirrhosis. Recognition and timely diagnosis of these different stages, particularly NASH, is important for both potential reversibility and limitation of complications. Liver biopsy remains the clinical standard for definitive diagnosis. Diagnostic tools minimizing the need for invasive procedures or that add information to histologic data are important in novel management strategies for the growing epidemic of NAFLD. We describe an "omics" approach to detecting a reproducible signature of lipid metabolites, aqueous intracellular metabolites, SNPs, and mRNA transcripts in a double-blinded study of patients with different stages of NAFLD that involves profiling liver biopsies, plasma, and urine samples. Using linear discriminant analysis, a panel of 20 plasma metabolites that includes glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, sterols, and various aqueous small molecular weight components involved in cellular metabolic pathways, can be used to differentiate between NASH and steatosis. This identification of differential biomolecular signatures has the potential to improve clinical diagnosis and facilitate therapeutic intervention of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lee Gorden
- Departments of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - David S Myers
- Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Eoin Fahy
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Mano R Maurya
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Shakti Gupta
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jun Min
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Nathanael J Spann
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jeffrey G McDonald
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Samuel L Kelly
- Schools of Biology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry, and the Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jingjing Duan
- Schools of Biology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry, and the Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA
| | - M Cameron Sullards
- Schools of Biology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry, and the Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA
| | - Thomas J Leiker
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO
| | - Robert M Barkley
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO
| | - Oswald Quehenberger
- Departments of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Aaron M Armando
- Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Stephen B Milne
- Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Chijun Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Willie V Melvin
- Departments of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Ronald H Clements
- Departments of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - M Kay Washington
- Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Joseph L Witztum
- Departments of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Ziqiang Guan
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Christopher K Glass
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Robert C Murphy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO
| | - Edward A Dennis
- Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Alfred H Merrill
- Schools of Biology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry, and the Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA
| | - David W Russell
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Shankar Subramaniam
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA.
| | - H Alex Brown
- Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Biochemistry, and the Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.
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28
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Scott SA, Mathews TP, Ivanova PT, Lindsley CW, Brown HA. Chemical modulation of glycerolipid signaling and metabolic pathways. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2014; 1841:1060-84. [PMID: 24440821 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Thirty years ago, glycerolipids captured the attention of biochemical researchers as novel cellular signaling entities. We now recognize that these biomolecules occupy signaling nodes critical to a number of physiological and pathological processes. Thus, glycerolipid-metabolizing enzymes present attractive targets for new therapies. A number of fields-ranging from neuroscience and cancer to diabetes and obesity-have elucidated the signaling properties of glycerolipids. The biochemical literature teems with newly emerging small molecule inhibitors capable of manipulating glycerolipid metabolism and signaling. This ever-expanding pool of chemical modulators appears daunting to those interested in exploiting glycerolipid-signaling pathways in their model system of choice. This review distills the current body of literature surrounding glycerolipid metabolism into a more approachable format, facilitating the application of small molecule inhibitors to novel systems. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Tools to study lipid functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Scott
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Pavlina T Ivanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - H Alex Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
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29
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Abstract
The presence of druggable, topographically distinct allosteric sites on a wide range of receptor families has offered new paradigms for small molecules to modulate receptor function. Moreover, ligands that target allosteric sites offer significant advantages over the corresponding orthosteric ligands in terms of selectivity, including subtype selectivity within receptor families, and can also impart improved physicochemical properties. However, allosteric ligands are not a panacea. Many chemical issues (e.g., flat structure-activity relationships) and pharmacological issues (e.g., ligand-biased signaling) that are allosteric centric have emerged. Notably, the fact that allosteric sites are less evolutionarily conserved leads to improved selectivity; however, this can also lead to species differences that can hinder safety assessment. Many allosteric ligands possess molecular switches, wherein a small structural change (chemical or metabolic) can modulate the mode of pharmacology or receptor subtype selectivity. As the field has matured, as described here, key principles and strategies have emerged for the design of ligands/drugs for allosteric sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody J Wenthur
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-6600;
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Scott SA, Xiang Y, Mathews TP, Cho HP, Myers DS, Armstrong MD, Tallman KA, O'Reilly MC, Lindsley CW, Brown HA. Regulation of phospholipase D activity and phosphatidic acid production after purinergic (P2Y6) receptor stimulation. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:20477-87. [PMID: 23723068 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.451708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a lipid second messenger located at the intersection of several lipid metabolism and cell signaling events including membrane trafficking, survival, and proliferation. Generation of signaling PA has long been primarily attributed to the activation of phospholipase D (PLD). PLD catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine into PA. A variety of both receptor-tyrosine kinase and G-protein-coupled receptor stimulations have been shown to lead to PLD activation and PA generation. This study focuses on profiling the PA pool upon P2Y6 receptor signaling manipulation to determine the major PA producing enzymes. Here we show that PLD, although highly active, is not responsible for the majority of stable PA being produced upon UDP stimulation of the P2Y6 receptor and that PA levels are tightly regulated. By following PA flux in the cell we show that PLD is involved in an initial increase in PA upon receptor stimulation; however, when PLD is blocked, the cell compensates by increasing PA production from other sources. We further delineate the P2Y6 signaling pathway showing that phospholipase Cβ3 (PLCβ3), PLCδ1, DGKζ and PLD are all downstream of receptor activation. We also show that DGKζ is a novel negative regulator of PLD activity in this system that occurs through an inhibitory mechanism with PKCα. These results further define the downstream events resulting in PA production in the P2Y6 receptor signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Scott
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
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Abstract
Metabolomics is a rapidly growing field of research used in the identification and quantification of the small molecule metabolites within an organism, thereby providing insights into cell metabolism and bioenergetics as well as processes important in clinical medicine, such as disposition of pharmaceutical compounds. It offers comprehensive information about thousands of low-molecular mass compounds (<1500 Da) that represent a wide range of pathways and intermediary metabolism. Because of its vast expansion in the past two decades, mass spectrometry has become an indispensable tool in "omic" analyses. The use of different ionization techniques such as the more traditional electrospray and matrix-assisted laser desorption, as well as recently popular desorption electrospray ionization, has allowed the analysis of a wide range of biomolecules (e.g., peptides, proteins, lipids, and sugars), and their imaging and analysis in the original sample environment in a workup free fashion. An overview of the current state of the methodology is given, as well as examples of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen B Milne
- Departments of Pharmacology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry, The Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
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Kennedy PC, Zhu R, Huang T, Tomsig JL, Mathews TP, David M, Peyruchaud O, Macdonald TL, Lynch KR. Characterization of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor antagonist prodrug. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2011; 338:879-89. [PMID: 21632869 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.111.181552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a phospholipid that binds to a set of G protein-coupled receptors (S1P(1)-S1P(5)) to initiate an array of signaling cascades that affect cell survival, differentiation, proliferation, and migration. On a larger physiological scale, the effects of S1P on immune cell trafficking, vascular barrier integrity, angiogenesis, and heart rate have also been observed. An impetus for the characterization of S1P-initiated signaling effects came with the discovery that FTY720 [fingolimod; 2-amino-2-(2-[4-octylphenyl]ethyl)-1,3-propanediol] modulates the immune system by acting as an agonist at S1P(1). In the course of structure-activity relationship studies to better understand the functional chemical space around FTY720, we discovered conformationally constrained FTY720 analogs that behave as S1P receptor type-selective antagonists. Here, we present a pharmacological profile of a lead S1P(1/3) antagonist prodrug, 1-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3-octylphenyl)cyclobutane (VPC03090). VPC03090 is phosphorylated by sphingosine kinase 2 to form the competitive antagonist species 3-(3-octylphenyl)-1-(phosphonooxymethyl)cyclobutane (VPC03090-P) as observed in guanosine 5'-O-(3-[(35)S]thio)triphosphate binding assays, with effects on downstream S1P receptor signaling confirmed by Western blot and calcium mobilization assays. Oral dosing of VPC03090 results in an approximate 1:1 phosphorylated/alcohol species ratio with a half-life of 30 h in mice. Because aberrant S1P signaling has been implicated in carcinogenesis, we applied VPC03090 in an immunocompetent mouse mammary cancer model to assess its antineoplastic potential. Treatment with VPC03090 significantly inhibited the growth of 4T1 primary tumors in mice. This result calls to attention the value of S1P receptor antagonists as not only research tools but also potential therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perry C Kennedy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908-0735, USA
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Kennedy AJ, Mathews TP, Kharel Y, Field SD, Moyer ML, East JE, Houck JD, Lynch KR, Macdonald TL. Development of amidine-based sphingosine kinase 1 nanomolar inhibitors and reduction of sphingosine 1-phosphate in human leukemia cells. J Med Chem 2011; 54:3524-48. [PMID: 21495716 DOI: 10.1021/jm2001053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid that has been identified as an accelerant of cancer progression. The sphingosine kinases (SphKs) are the sole producers of S1P, and thus, SphK inhibitors may prove effective in cancer mitigation and chemosensitization. Of the two SphKs, SphK1 overexpression has been observed in a myriad of cancer cell lines and tissues and has been recognized as the presumptive target over that of the poorly characterized SphK2. Herein, we present the design and synthesis of amidine-based nanomolar SphK1 subtype-selective inhibitors. A homology model of SphK1, trained with this library of amidine inhibitors, was then used to predict the activity of additional, more potent, inhibitors. Lastly, select amidine inhibitors were validated in human leukemia U937 cells, where they significantly reduced endogenous S1P levels at nanomolar concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Kennedy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States.
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Kharel Y, Mathews TP, Kennedy AJ, Houck JD, Macdonald TL, Lynch KR. A rapid assay for assessment of sphingosine kinase inhibitors and substrates. Anal Biochem 2011; 411:230-5. [PMID: 21216217 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2011.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 12/31/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine kinases (SphKs) catalyze the transfer of phosphate from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to sphingosine to generate sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), an important bioactive lipid molecule that mediates a diverse range of cell signaling processes. The conventional assay of SphK enzymatic activity uses [γ-(32)P]ATP and sphingosine as substrates, with the radiolabeled S1P product recovered by organic extraction, displayed by thin layer chromatography, and quantified by liquid scintillation counting. Although this assay is sensitive and accurate, it is slow and labor-intensive; thus, it precludes the simultaneous screening of more than a few inhibitor compounds. Here we describe a 96-well assay for SphKs that is rapid and reproducible. Our method, which takes advantage of the limited solubility of S1P, detects radioactive S1P adhering to the plate by scintillation proximity counting. Our procedure obviates extraction into organic solvents, postreaction transfers, and chromatography. Furthermore, our assay enables assessment of both inhibitors and substrates, and it can detect endogenous SphK activity in cell and tissue extracts. The SphK kinetic parameter, K(m), and the K(i) values of inhibitors determined with our assay and the conventional assay were indistinguishable. These results document that our assay is well-suited for the screening of chemical libraries of SphK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugesh Kharel
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
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Mathews TP, Kennedy AJ, Kharel Y, Kennedy PC, Nicoara O, Sunkara M, Morris AJ, Wamhoff BR, Lynch KR, Macdonald TL. Discovery, biological evaluation, and structure-activity relationship of amidine based sphingosine kinase inhibitors. J Med Chem 2010; 53:2766-78. [PMID: 20205392 DOI: 10.1021/jm901860h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a potent phospholipid growth and trophic factor, is synthesized in vivo by two sphingosine kinases. Thus these kinases have been proposed as important drug targets for treatment of hyperproliferative diseases and inflammation. We report here a new class of amidine-based sphingosine analogues that are competitive inhibitors of sphingosine kinases exhibiting varying degrees of enzyme selectivity. These inhibitors display K(I) values in the submicromolar range for both sphingosine kinases and, in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells, decrease S1P levels and initiate growth arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P Mathews
- University of Virginia, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 400319, McCormick Road, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
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Foss FW, Mathews TP, Kharel Y, Kennedy PC, Snyder AH, Davis MD, Lynch KR, Macdonald TL. Synthesis and biological evaluation of sphingosine kinase substrates as sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor prodrugs. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:6123-36. [PMID: 19632123 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2009] [Revised: 04/03/2009] [Accepted: 04/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In the search for bioactive sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor ligands, a series of 2-amino-2-heterocyclic-propanols were synthesized. These molecules were discovered to be substrates of human-sphingosine kinases 1 and 2 (SPHK1 and SPHK2). When phosphorylated, the resultant phosphates showed varied activities at the five sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptors (S1P(1-5)). Agonism at S1P(1) was displayed in vivo by induction of lymphopenia. A stereochemical preference of the quaternary carbon was crucial for phosphorylation by the kinases and alters binding affinities at the S1P receptors. Oxazole and oxadiazole compounds are superior kinase substrates to FTY720, the prototypical prodrug immunomodulator, fingolimod (FTY720). The oxazole-derived structure was the most active for human SPHK2. Imidazole analogues were less active substrates for SPHKs, but more potent and selective agonists of the S1P(1) receptor; additionally, the imidazole class of compounds rendered mice lymphopenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank W Foss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, 22904, USA
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