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Pärt T, Jeppsson T, Paquet M, Arlt D, Laugen AT, Low M, Knape J, Qvarnström A, Forslund P. Unclear relationships between mean survival rate and its environmental variance in vertebrates. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11104. [PMID: 38435010 PMCID: PMC10909500 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Current environmental changes may increase temporal variability of life history traits of species thus affecting their long-term population growth rate and extinction risk. If there is a general relationship between environmental variances (EVs) and mean annual survival rates of species, that relationship could be used as a guideline for analyses of population growth and extinction risk for populations, where data on EVs are missing. For this purpose, we present a comprehensive compilation of 252 EV estimates from 89 species belonging to five vertebrate taxa (birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians and fish) covering mean annual survival rates from 0.01 to 0.98. Since variances of survival rates are constrained by their means, particularly for low and high mean survival rates, we assessed whether any observed relationship persisted after applying two types of commonly used variance stabilizing transformations: relativized EVs (observed/mathematical maximum) and logit-scaled EVs. With raw EVs at the arithmetic scale, mean-variance relationships of annual survival rates were hump-shaped with small EVs at low and high mean survival rates and higher (and widely variable) EVs at intermediate mean survival rates. When mean annual survival rates were related to relativized EVs the hump-shaped pattern was less distinct than for raw EVs. When transforming EVs to logit scale the relationship between mean annual survival rates and EVs largely disappeared. The within-species juvenile-adult slopes were mainly positive at low (<0.5) and negative at high (>0.5) mean survival rates for raw and relativized variances while these patterns disappeared when EVs were logit transformed. Uncertainties in how to interpret the results of relativized and logit-scaled EVs, and the observed high variation in EV's for similar mean annual survival rates illustrates that extrapolations of observed EVs and tests of life history drivers of survival-EV relationships need to also acknowledge the large variation in these parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Pärt
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | | | - Matthieu Paquet
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
- Institute of Mathematics of Bordeaux, CNRSUniversity of BordeauxTalenceFrance
- Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station (SETE)CNRSMoulisFrance
| | - Debora Arlt
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
- SLU Swedish Species Information CentreSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Ane T. Laugen
- Department of Natural SciencesUniversity of AgderKristiansandNorway
| | - Matthew Low
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Jonas Knape
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | | | - Pär Forslund
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
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2
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Knape J, Paquet M, Arlt D, Kačergytė I, Pärt T. Partitioning variance in population growth for models with environmental and demographic stochasticity. J Anim Ecol 2023; 92:1979-1991. [PMID: 37491892 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
How demographic factors lead to variation or change in growth rates can be investigated using life table response experiments (LTRE) based on structured population models. Traditionally, LTREs focused on decomposing the asymptotic growth rate, but more recently decompositions of annual 'realized' growth rates using 'transient' LTREs have gained in popularity. Transient LTREs have been used particularly to understand how variation in vital rates translate into variation in growth for populations under long-term study. For these, complete population models may be constructed to investigate how temporal variation in environmental drivers affect vital rates. Such investigations have usually come down to estimating covariate coefficients for the effects of environmental variables on vital rates, but formal ways of assessing how they lead to variation in growth rates have been lacking. We extend transient LTREs to further partition the contributions from vital rates into contributions from temporally varying factors that affect them. The decomposition allows one to compare the resultant effect on the growth rate of different environmental factors, as well as density dependence, which may each act via multiple vital rates. We also show how realized growth rates can be decomposed into separate components from environmental and demographic stochasticity. The latter is typically omitted in LTRE analyses. We illustrate these extensions with an integrated population model (IPM) for data from a 26 years study on northern wheatears (Oenanthe oenanthe), a migratory passerine bird breeding in an agricultural landscape. For this population, consisting of around 50-120 breeding pairs per year, we partition variation in realized growth rates into environmental contributions from temperature, rainfall, population density and unexplained random variation via multiple vital rates, and from demographic stochasticity. The case study suggests that variation in first year survival via the unexplained random component, and adult survival via temperature are two main factors behind environmental variation in growth rates. More than half of the variation in growth rates is suggested to come from demographic stochasticity, demonstrating the importance of this factor for populations of moderate size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Knape
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Matthieu Paquet
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- Institute of Mathematics of Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, Talence, France
| | - Debora Arlt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- SLU Swedish Species Information Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ineta Kačergytė
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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3
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Sandström C, Eriksson L, Pärt T, Liljebäck N, Elmberg J, Johansson M, Månsson J. Removing obstacles to AM should still be the focus: a reply to Dickie et al. Trends Ecol Evol 2023; 38:507-508. [PMID: 36997456 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Niklas Liljebäck
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Riddarhyttan, Sweden
| | - Johan Elmberg
- Department of Environmental Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden.
| | - Maria Johansson
- Environmental Psychology, Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Johan Månsson
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Riddarhyttan, Sweden
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4
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Hambäck PA, Dawson L, Geranmayeh P, Jarsjö J, Kačergytė I, Peacock M, Collentine D, Destouni G, Futter M, Hugelius G, Hedman S, Jonsson S, Klatt BK, Lindström A, Nilsson JE, Pärt T, Schneider LD, Strand JA, Urrutia-Cordero P, Åhlén D, Åhlén I, Blicharska M. Tradeoffs and synergies in wetland multifunctionality: A scaling issue. Sci Total Environ 2023; 862:160746. [PMID: 36513236 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Wetland area in agricultural landscapes has been heavily reduced to gain land for crop production, but in recent years there is increased societal recognition of the negative consequences from wetland loss on nutrient retention, biodiversity and a range of other benefits to humans. The current trend is therefore to re-establish wetlands, often with an aim to achieve the simultaneous delivery of multiple ecosystem services, i.e., multifunctionality. Here we review the literature on key objectives used to motivate wetland re-establishment in temperate agricultural landscapes (provision of flow regulation, nutrient retention, climate mitigation, biodiversity conservation and cultural ecosystem services), and their relationships to environmental properties, in order to identify potential for tradeoffs and synergies concerning the development of multifunctional wetlands. Through this process, we find that there is a need for a change in scale from a focus on single wetlands to wetlandscapes (multiple neighboring wetlands including their catchments and surrounding landscape features) if multiple societal and environmental goals are to be achieved. Finally, we discuss the key factors to be considered when planning for re-establishment of wetlands that can support achievement of a wide range of objectives at the landscape scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Hambäck
- Dept of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - L Dawson
- School of Forest Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skinnskatteberg, Sweden
| | - P Geranmayeh
- Dept of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Jarsjö
- Dept of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I Kačergytė
- Dept of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M Peacock
- Dept of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden; Dept of Geography and Planning, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - D Collentine
- Dept of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - G Destouni
- Dept of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Futter
- Dept of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - G Hugelius
- Dept of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Hedman
- The Rural Economy and Agricultural Society, Eldsberga, Sweden
| | - S Jonsson
- Dept of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B K Klatt
- The Rural Economy and Agricultural Society, Eldsberga, Sweden; Dept of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - A Lindström
- National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J E Nilsson
- Dept of Environmental and Biosciences, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden; Dept of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - T Pärt
- Dept of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - L D Schneider
- The Rural Economy and Agricultural Society, Eldsberga, Sweden
| | - J A Strand
- The Rural Economy and Agricultural Society, Eldsberga, Sweden
| | | | - D Åhlén
- Dept of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I Åhlén
- Dept of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Blicharska
- Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Dept of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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5
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Månsson J, Eriksson L, Hodgson I, Elmberg J, Bunnefeld N, Hessel R, Johansson M, Liljebäck N, Nilsson L, Olsson C, Pärt T, Sandström C, Tombre I, Redpath SM. Understanding and overcoming obstacles in adaptive management. Trends Ecol Evol 2023; 38:55-71. [PMID: 36202636 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive management (AM) is widely promoted to improve management of natural resources, yet its implementation is challenging. We show that obstacles to the implementation of AM are related not only to the AM process per se but also to external factors such as ecosystem properties and governance systems. To overcome obstacles, there is a need to build capacities within the AM process by ensuring adequate resources, management tools, collaboration, and learning. Additionally, building capacities in the legal and institutional frames can enable the necessary flexibility in the governance system. Furthermore, in systems experiencing profound changes in wildlife populations, building such capacities may be even more critical as more flexibility will be needed to cope with increased uncertainty and changed environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Månsson
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Riddarhyttan, Sweden.
| | | | - Isla Hodgson
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Johan Elmberg
- Department of Environmental Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Nils Bunnefeld
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Rebecca Hessel
- Department of Environmental Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Maria Johansson
- Environmental Psychology, Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Niklas Liljebäck
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Riddarhyttan, Sweden
| | - Lovisa Nilsson
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Riddarhyttan, Sweden
| | - Camilla Olsson
- Department of Environmental Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Ingunn Tombre
- Department of Arctic Ecology, The Fram Centre, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Steve M Redpath
- School of Biological Sciences, Zoology Building, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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6
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Bradter U, Johnston A, Hochachka WM, Soultan A, Brommer JE, Gaget E, Kålås JA, Lehikoinen A, Lindström Å, Piirainen S, Pavón‐Jordán D, Pärt T, Øien IJ, Sandercock BK. Decomposing the spatial and temporal effects of climate on bird populations in northern European mountains. Glob Chang Biol 2022; 28:6209-6227. [PMID: 35899584 PMCID: PMC9804621 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The relationships between species abundance or occurrence versus spatial variation in climate are commonly used in species distribution models to forecast future distributions. Under "space-for-time substitution", the effects of climate variation on species are assumed to be equivalent in both space and time. Two unresolved issues of space-for-time substitution are the time period for species' responses and also the relative contributions of rapid- versus slow reactions in shaping spatial and temporal responses to climate change. To test the assumption of equivalence, we used a new approach of climate decomposition to separate variation in temperature and precipitation in Fennoscandia into spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal components over a 23-year period (1996-2018). We compiled information on land cover, topography, and six components of climate for 1756 fixed route surveys, and we modeled annual counts of 39 bird species breeding in the mountains of Fennoscandia. Local abundance of breeding birds was associated with the spatial components of climate as expected, but the temporal and spatiotemporal climatic variation from the current and previous breeding seasons were also important. The directions of the effects of the three climate components differed within and among species, suggesting that species can respond both rapidly and slowly to climate variation and that the responses represent different ecological processes. Thus, the assumption of equivalent species' response to spatial and temporal variation in climate was seldom met in our study system. Consequently, for the majority of our species, space-for-time substitution may only be applicable once the slow species' responses to a changing climate have occurred, whereas forecasts for the near future need to accommodate the temporal components of climate variation. However, appropriate forecast horizons for space-for-time substitution are rarely considered and may be difficult to reliably identify. Accurately predicting change is challenging because multiple ecological processes affect species distributions at different temporal scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Bradter
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNorwegian Institute for Nature ResearchTrondheimNorway
| | - Alison Johnston
- Cornell Lab of OrnithologyCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
- CREEM, School of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of St. AndrewsSt. AndrewsUK
| | | | - Alaaeldin Soultan
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | | | - Elie Gaget
- Department of BiologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA)LaxenburgAustria
| | - John Atle Kålås
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNorwegian Institute for Nature ResearchTrondheimNorway
| | | | - Åke Lindström
- Department of Biology, Biodiversity UnitLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Sirke Piirainen
- Finnish Museum of Natural HistoryHelsinkiFinland
- Arctic Centre, University of LaplandRovaniemiFinland
| | - Diego Pavón‐Jordán
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNorwegian Institute for Nature ResearchTrondheimNorway
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | | | - Brett K. Sandercock
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNorwegian Institute for Nature ResearchTrondheimNorway
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7
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Morales MB, Díaz M, Giralt D, Sardà-Palomera F, Traba J, Mougeot F, Serrano D, Mañosa S, Gaba S, Moreira F, Pärt T, Concepción ED, Tarjuelo R, Arroyo B, Bota G. Protect European green agricultural policies for future food security. Commun Earth Environ 2022; 3:217. [PMID: 36158999 PMCID: PMC9487854 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-022-00550-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
European green agricultural policies have been relaxed to allow cultivation of fallow land to produce animal feed and meet shortfalls in exports from Ukraine and Russia. However, conversion of semi-natural habitats will disproportionately impact long term biodiversity and food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel B. Morales
- Departamento de Ecología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Díaz
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Giralt
- Conservation Biology Group, Landscape Dynamics and Biodiversity Program, Conservation Biology Group (GBiC), Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia (CTFC), Solsona, Spain
| | - Francesc Sardà-Palomera
- Conservation Biology Group, Landscape Dynamics and Biodiversity Program, Conservation Biology Group (GBiC), Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia (CTFC), Solsona, Spain
| | - Juan Traba
- Departamento de Ecología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - François Mougeot
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | - Santi Mañosa
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sabrina Gaba
- USC 1339 Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, INRAE, CNRS & Université de La Rochelle, F-79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
- UMR 7372 Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS & Université de La Rochelle, F-79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | - Francisco Moreira
- CIBIO/InBio–University of Porto and Institute of Agronomy–University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elena D. Concepción
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Tarjuelo
- Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute (iuFOR), Universidad de Valladolid & INIA, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Arroyo
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Gerard Bota
- Conservation Biology Group, Landscape Dynamics and Biodiversity Program, Conservation Biology Group (GBiC), Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia (CTFC), Solsona, Spain
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Rosin ZM, Pärt T, Low M, Kotowska D, Tobolka M, Szymański P, Hiron M. Village modernization and reduced abundance of farmland birds: Why compensation for lost nesting sites may not be enough. Conserv Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna M. Rosin
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Avian Biology and Ecology Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań Poland
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Matthew Low
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Dorota Kotowska
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences Kraków Poland
| | - Marcin Tobolka
- Department of Zoology Poznań University of Life Sciences Poznań Poland
- Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Wien Austria
| | - Paweł Szymański
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Behavioural Ecology Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań Poland
| | - Matthew Hiron
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Kotowska
- Institute of Nature Conservation Polish Academy of Sciences, Mickiewicza 33 Kraków Poland
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences SE Uppsala Sweden
| | - Piotr Skórka
- Institute of Nature Conservation Polish Academy of Sciences, Mickiewicza 33 Kraków Poland
| | - Alistair G. Auffret
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences SE Uppsala Sweden
| | - Michał Żmihorski
- Mammal Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, Stoczek 1, 17‐230 Białowieża Poland
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10
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Soultan A, Pavón-Jordán D, Bradter U, Sandercock BK, Hochachka WM, Johnston A, Brommer J, Gaget E, Keller V, Knaus P, Aghababyan K, Maxhuni Q, Vintchevski A, Nagy K, Raudonikis L, Balmer D, Noble D, Leitão D, Øien IJ, Shimmings P, Sultanov E, Caffrey B, Boyla K, Radišić D, Lindström Å, Velevski M, Pladevall C, Brotons L, Karel Š, Rajković DZ, Chodkiewicz T, Wilk T, Szép T, van Turnhout C, Foppen R, Burfield I, Vikstrøm T, Mazal VD, Eaton M, Vorisek P, Lehikoinen A, Herrando S, Kuzmenko T, Bauer HG, Kalyakin MV, Voltzit OV, Sjeničić J, Pärt T. The future distribution of wetland birds breeding in Europe validated against observed changes in distribution. Environ Res Lett 2022; 17:024025. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac4ebe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Wetland bird species have been declining in population size worldwide as climate warming and land-use change affect their suitable habitats. We used species distribution models (SDMs) to predict changes in range dynamics for 64 non-passerine wetland birds breeding in Europe, including range size, position of centroid, and margins. We fitted the SDMs with data collected for the first European Breeding Bird Atlas and climate and land-use data to predict distributional changes over a century (the 1970s–2070s). The predicted annual changes were then compared to observed annual changes in range size and range centroid over a time period of 30 years using data from the second European Breeding Bird Atlas. Our models successfully predicted ca. 75% of the 64 bird species to contract their breeding range in the future, while the remaining species (mostly southerly breeding species) were predicted to expand their breeding ranges northward. The northern margins of southerly species and southern margins of northerly species, both, predicted to shift northward. Predicted changes in range size and shifts in range centroids were broadly positively associated with the observed changes, although some species deviated markedly from the predictions. The predicted average shift in core distributions was ca. 5 km yr−1 towards the north (5% northeast, 45% north, and 40% northwest), compared to a slower observed average shift of ca. 3.9 km yr−1. Predicted changes in range centroids were generally larger than observed changes, which suggests that bird distribution changes may lag behind environmental changes leading to ‘climate debt’. We suggest that predictions of SDMs should be viewed as qualitative rather than quantitative outcomes, indicating that care should be taken concerning single species. Still, our results highlight the urgent need for management actions such as wetland creation and restoration to improve wetland birds’ resilience to the expected environmental changes in the future.
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11
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Rosin ZM, Pärt T, Low M, Kotowska D, Tobolka M, Szymański P, Hiron M. Village modernization may contribute more to farmland bird declines than agricultural intensification. Conserv Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna M. Rosin
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Cell Biology Adam Mickiewicz University Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6 Poznań Poland
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Matthew Low
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Dorota Kotowska
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
- Institute of Nature Conservation Polish Academy of Sciences Kraków Poland
| | - Marcin Tobolka
- Department of Zoology Poznań University of Life Sciences Poznań Poland
- Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Wien Austria
| | - Paweł Szymański
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Behavioural Ecology Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań Poland
| | - Matthew Hiron
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
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12
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Paquet M, Knape J, Arlt D, Forslund P, Pärt T, Flagstad Ø, Jones CG, Nicoll MAC, Norris K, Pemberton JM, Sand H, Svensson L, Tatayah V, Wabakken P, Wikenros C, Åkesson M, Low M. Integrated population models poorly estimate the demographic contribution of immigration. Methods Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Paquet
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Jonas Knape
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Debora Arlt
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
- SLU Swedish Species Information Centre Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Pär Forslund
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | | | - Carl G. Jones
- Mauritian Wildlife Foundation Vacoas Mauritius
- Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust Trinity UK
| | | | | | - Josephine M. Pemberton
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology School of Biological Sciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Håkan Sand
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Linn Svensson
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | | | - Petter Wabakken
- Faculty of Applied Ecology and Agricultural Sciences Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences Hamar Norway
| | - Camilla Wikenros
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Mikael Åkesson
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Matthew Low
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
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13
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de Villemereuil P, Charmantier A, Arlt D, Bize P, Brekke P, Brouwer L, Cockburn A, Côté SD, Dobson FS, Evans SR, Festa-Bianchet M, Gamelon M, Hamel S, Hegelbach J, Jerstad K, Kempenaers B, Kruuk LEB, Kumpula J, Kvalnes T, McAdam AG, McFarlane SE, Morrissey MB, Pärt T, Pemberton JM, Qvarnström A, Røstad OW, Schroeder J, Senar JC, Sheldon BC, van de Pol M, Visser ME, Wheelwright NT, Tufto J, Chevin LM. Fluctuating optimum and temporally variable selection on breeding date in birds and mammals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:31969-31978. [PMID: 33257553 PMCID: PMC7116484 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2009003117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Temporal variation in natural selection is predicted to strongly impact the evolution and demography of natural populations, with consequences for the rate of adaptation, evolution of plasticity, and extinction risk. Most of the theory underlying these predictions assumes a moving optimum phenotype, with predictions expressed in terms of the temporal variance and autocorrelation of this optimum. However, empirical studies seldom estimate patterns of fluctuations of an optimum phenotype, precluding further progress in connecting theory with observations. To bridge this gap, we assess the evidence for temporal variation in selection on breeding date by modeling a fitness function with a fluctuating optimum, across 39 populations of 21 wild animals, one of the largest compilations of long-term datasets with individual measurements of trait and fitness components. We find compelling evidence for fluctuations in the fitness function, causing temporal variation in the magnitude, but not the direction of selection. However, fluctuations of the optimum phenotype need not directly translate into variation in selection gradients, because their impact can be buffered by partial tracking of the optimum by the mean phenotype. Analyzing individuals that reproduce in consecutive years, we find that plastic changes track movements of the optimum phenotype across years, especially in bird species, reducing temporal variation in directional selection. This suggests that phenological plasticity has evolved to cope with fluctuations in the optimum, despite their currently modest contribution to variation in selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre de Villemereuil
- Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, École Pratique des Hautes Études | Paris Science et Lettres, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, 34000 Montpellier, France;
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, École Pratique des Hautes Études | Paris Sciences et Lettres, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université des Antilles, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Anne Charmantier
- Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, École Pratique des Hautes Études | Paris Science et Lettres, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Debora Arlt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pierre Bize
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia Brekke
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, NW1 4RY London, United Kingdom
| | - Lyanne Brouwer
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600 Australia
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Animal Ecology and Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew Cockburn
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600 Australia
| | - Steeve D Côté
- Département de Biologie and Centre d'Études Nordiques, Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6 QC, Canada
| | - F Stephen Dobson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
| | - Simon R Evans
- Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn TR10 9FE, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Festa-Bianchet
- Département de biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, J1K 2R1 Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600 Australia
| | - Marlène Gamelon
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sandra Hamel
- Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6 QC, Canada
| | - Johann Hegelbach
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Bart Kempenaers
- Department of Behavioural Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, 82319 Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Loeske E B Kruuk
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600 Australia
| | - Jouko Kumpula
- Terrestrial Population Dynamics, Natural Resources Institute Finland, FIN-999870, Inari, Finland
| | - Thomas Kvalnes
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Andrew G McAdam
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309
| | - S Eryn McFarlane
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, United Kingdom
| | - Michael B Morrissey
- School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9TH, United Kingdom
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Josephine M Pemberton
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Qvarnström
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ole Wiggo Røstad
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Julia Schroeder
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, SL5 7PY Ascot, Berks,
| | - Juan Carlos Senar
- Behavioural and Evolutionary Ecology Research Unit, Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ben C Sheldon
- Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom
| | - Martijn van de Pol
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel E Visser
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jarle Tufto
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Department of Mathematics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Luis-Miguel Chevin
- Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, École Pratique des Hautes Études | Paris Science et Lettres, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, 34000 Montpellier, France;
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14
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Żmihorski M, Kowalski M, Cichocki J, Rubacha S, Kotowska D, Krupiński D, Rosin ZM, Šálek M, Pärt T. The use of socio-economy in species distribution modelling: Features of rural societies improve predictions of barn owl occurrence. Sci Total Environ 2020; 741:140407. [PMID: 32603947 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Variation of habitats and resources important for farmland birds seems to be only partly captured by ordinary statistics on land-use and agricultural production. For instance, densities of rodents being prey for owls and raptors or structures of rural architecture providing nesting sites for many species are central for bird diversity but are not reported in any official statistics. Thus, modelling species distributions, population abundance and trends of farmland birds may miss important predictive habitat elements. Here, we involve local socio-economy factors as a source of additional information on rural habitat to test whether it improves predictions of barn owl occurrence in 2768 churches across Poland. Barn owls occurred in 778 churches and seemed to prefer old churches made of brick located in regions with a milder climate, higher share of arable land and pastures, low road density and low levels of light pollution. Including data on local unemployment, the proportion of elder citizens, commune income per citizen, the share of citizens with high education and share of farmers among working population improved the model substantially and some of these variables predicted barn owl occurrence better than several land-use and climate data. Barn owls were more likely to occur in areas with high unemployment, a higher proportion of older citizens in a local population and higher share of farmers among working population. Importantly, the socio-economy variables were correlated with the barn owl occurrence despite all climatic, infrastructure and land-use data were present in the model. We conclude that the socio-economy of local societies may add important but overlooked information that links to spatial variation in farmland biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Żmihorski
- Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Stoczek 1, 17-230 Białowieża, Poland.
| | - Marek Kowalski
- Wildlife Society "Stork", Srebrna 16/9, 00-810 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Cichocki
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Zoology, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafran St. 1, 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Sławomir Rubacha
- Owl Conservation Association, Sobkowiaka 30b/4, 65-119 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Dorota Kotowska
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Mickiewicza 33, 31-120 Kraków, Poland; Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Box 7044, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Zuzanna M Rosin
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Box 7044, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Martin Šálek
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic; Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 1176, Suchdol, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Box 7044, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
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15
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Paquet M, Arlt D, Knape J, Low M, Forslund P, Pärt T. Why we should care about movements: Using spatially explicit integrated population models to assess habitat source-sink dynamics. J Anim Ecol 2020; 89:2922-2933. [PMID: 32981078 PMCID: PMC7756878 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Assessing the source–sink status of populations and habitats is of major importance for understanding population dynamics and for the management of natural populations. Sources produce a net surplus of individuals (per capita contribution to the metapopulation > 1) and will be the main contributors for self‐sustaining populations, whereas sinks produce a deficit (contribution < 1). However, making these types of assessments is generally hindered by the problem of separating mortality from permanent emigration, especially when survival probabilities as well as moved distances are habitat‐specific. To address this long‐standing issue, we propose a spatial multi‐event integrated population model (IPM) that incorporates habitat‐specific dispersal distances of individuals. Using information about local movements, this IPM adjusts survival estimates for emigration outside the study area. Analysing 24 years of data on a farmland passerine (the northern wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe), we assessed habitat‐specific contributions, and hence the source–sink status and temporal variation of two key breeding habitats, while accounting for habitat‐ and sex‐specific local dispersal distances of juveniles and adults. We then examined the sensitivity of the source–sink analysis by comparing results with and without accounting for these local movements. Estimates of first‐year survival, and consequently habitat‐specific contributions, were higher when local movement data were included. The consequences from including movement data were sex specific, with contribution shifting from sink to likely source in one habitat for males, and previously noted habitat differences for females disappearing. Assessing the source–sink status of habitats is extremely challenging. We show that our spatial IPM accounting for local movements can reduce biases in estimates of the contribution by different habitats, and thus reduce the overestimation of the occurrence of sink habitats. This approach allows combining all available data on demographic rates and movements, which will allow better assessment of source–sink dynamics and better informed conservation interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Paquet
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Debora Arlt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.,SLU Swedish Species Information Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Knape
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Matthew Low
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pär Forslund
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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16
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Ruete A, Arlt D, Berg Å, Knape J, Żmihorski M, Pärt T. Cannot see the diversity for all the species: Evaluating inclusion criteria for local species lists when using abundant citizen science data. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:10057-10065. [PMID: 33005363 PMCID: PMC7520205 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Abundant citizen science data on species occurrences are becoming increasingly available and enable identifying composition of communities occurring at multiple sites with high temporal resolution. However, for species displaying temporary patterns of local occurrences that are transient to some sites, biodiversity measures are clearly dependent on the criteria used to include species into local species lists. Using abundant opportunistic citizen science data from frequently visited wetlands, we investigated the sensitivity of α- and β-diversity estimates to the use raw versus detection-corrected data and to the use of inclusion criteria for species presence reflecting alternative site use. We tested seven inclusion criteria (with varying number of days required to be present) on time series of daily occurrence status during a breeding season of 90 days for 77 wetland bird species. We show that even when opportunistic presence-only observation data are abundant, raw data may not produce reliable local species richness estimates and rank sites very differently in terms of species richness. Furthermore, occupancy model based α- and β-diversity estimates were sensitive to the inclusion criteria used. Total species lists (all species observed at least once during a season) may therefore mask diversity differences among sites in local communities of species, by including vagrant species on potentially breeding communities and change the relative rank order of sites in terms of species richness. Very high sampling effort does not necessarily free opportunistic data from its inherent bias and can produce a pattern in which many species are observed at least once almost everywhere, thus leading to a possible paradox: The large amount of biological information may hinder its usefulness. Therefore, when prioritizing among sites to manage or preserve species diversity estimates need to be carefully related to relevant inclusion criteria depending on the diversity estimate in focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Ruete
- Greensway ABUppsalaSweden
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Debora Arlt
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
- Swedish Species Information CentreSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Åke Berg
- Swedish Biodiversity CentreSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Jonas Knape
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Michał Żmihorski
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
- Mammal Research InstitutePolish Academy of SciencesBiałowieżaPoland
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
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17
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Polaina E, Pärt T, Recio MR. Identifying hotspots of invasive alien terrestrial vertebrates in Europe to assist transboundary prevention and control. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11655. [PMID: 32669625 PMCID: PMC7363869 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68387-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to identify environmentally suitable areas for 15 of the most harmful invasive alien terrestrial vertebrates (IATV) in Europe in a transparent and replicable way. We used species distribution models and publicly-available data from GBIF to predict environmental suitability and to identify hotspots of IATV accounting for knowledge gaps in their distributions. To deal with the ecological particularities of invasive species, we followed a hierarchical approach to estimate the global climatic suitability for each species and incorporated this information into refined environmental suitability models within Europe. Combined predictions on environmental suitability identified potential areas of IATV concentrations or hotspots. Uncertainty of predictions identified regions requiring further survey efforts for species detection. Around 14% of Europe comprised potential hotspots of IATV richness, mainly located in northern France, UK, Belgium and the Netherlands. IATV coldspots covered ~ 9% of Europe, including southern Sweden and Finland, and northern Germany. Most of Europe (~ 77% area) comprised uncertain suitability predictions, likely caused by a lack of data. Priorities on prevention and control should focus on potential hotspots where harmful impacts might concentrate. Promoting the collection of presence data within data-deficient areas is encouraged as a core strategy against IATVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Polaina
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7044, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7044, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mariano R Recio
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7044, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, ESCET, Tulipán s/n, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
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18
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Carmona CP, Guerrero I, Peco B, Morales MB, Oñate JJ, Pärt T, Tscharntke T, Liira J, Aavik T, Emmerson M, Berendse F, Ceryngier P, Bretagnolle V, Weisser WW, Bengtsson J. Agriculture intensification reduces plant taxonomic and functional diversity across European arable systems. Funct Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos P. Carmona
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of Tartu Tartu Estonia
| | - Irene Guerrero
- INEA Agricultural Engineering School Comillas Pontifical University Valladolid Spain
| | - Begoña Peco
- Terrestrial Ecology Group (TEG) Department of Ecology, Research Center on Biodiversity and Global Change Autónoma University of Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Manuel B. Morales
- Terrestrial Ecology Group (TEG) Department of Ecology, Research Center on Biodiversity and Global Change Autónoma University of Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Juan J. Oñate
- Terrestrial Ecology Group (TEG) Department of Ecology, Research Center on Biodiversity and Global Change Autónoma University of Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Teja Tscharntke
- Agroecology Department of Crop Sciences University of Göttingen Göttingen Germany
| | - Jaan Liira
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of Tartu Tartu Estonia
| | - Tsipe Aavik
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of Tartu Tartu Estonia
| | - Mark Emmerson
- School of Biological Sciences Institute for Global Food Security Belfast UK
| | - Frank Berendse
- Department of Environmental Sciences Wageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Piotr Ceryngier
- Institute of Biological Sciences Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University Warsaw Poland
| | - Vincent Bretagnolle
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé UMR 7372 CNRS and Université La Rochelle Beauvoir‐sur‐Niort France
- LTSER “Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sèvre” CNRS Beauvoir sur Niort France
| | - Wolfgang W. Weisser
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan Technische Universität München Freising Germany
| | - Jan Bengtsson
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
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19
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Kotowska D, Zegarek M, Osojca G, Satory A, Pärt T, Żmihorski M. Spatial patterns of bat diversity overlap with woodpecker abundance. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9385. [PMID: 32596056 PMCID: PMC7306217 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Woodpecker diversity is usually higher in natural forests rich in dead wood and old trees than in managed ones, thus this group of birds is regarded as an indicator of forest biodiversity. Woodpeckers excavate cavities which can be subsequently used by several bird species. As a consequence, their abundance indicates high avian abundance and diversity in forests. However, woodpecker-made holes may be also important for other animals, for example, mammals but it has seldom been investigated so far. Here, we examine how well one species, the Great Spotted Woodpecker, predicts species richness, occurrence and acoustic activity of bats in Polish pine forests. In 2011 we conducted woodpecker and bat surveys at 63 point-count sites in forests that varied in terms of stand age, structure and amount of dead wood. From zero to five Great Spotted Woodpeckers at a point-count site were recorded. The total duration of the echolocation calls during a 10-min visit varied from 0 to 542 s and the number of bat species/species groups recorded during a visit ranged between zero to five. The local abundance of the woodpecker was positively correlated with bat species richness (on the verge of significance), bat occurrence and pooled bat activity. The occurrence of Eptesicus and Vespertilio bats and Nyctalus species was positively related with the abundance of the Great Spotted Woodpecker. The activity of Pipistrellus pygmaeus, Eptesicus and Vespertilio bats and a group of Myotis species was not associated with the woodpecker abundance, but echolocation calls of Nyctalus species, P. nathusii and P.pipistrellus were more often at sites with many Great Spotted Woodpeckers. Moreover, the probability of bat presence and the activity of bats was generally higher shortly after dusk and in middle of the summer than in late spring. We suggest that the observed correlations can be driven by similar roosting habitats (e.g., woodpeckers can provide breeding cavities for bats) or possibly by associated invertebrate food resources of woodpeckers and bats. The abundance of Great Spotted Woodpecker seems to be a good positive indicator of bat species richness, occurrence and activity, thus adding a group of relatively cryptic forest species that are indicated by the presence of the Great Spotted Woodpecker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Kotowska
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcin Zegarek
- Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Białowieża, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Osojca
- Department of Management and Logistics, Helena Chodkowska University of Technology and Economics, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michał Żmihorski
- Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Białowieża, Poland
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20
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Wang E, Zhang D, Braun MS, Hotz-Wagenblatt A, Pärt T, Arlt D, Schmaljohann H, Bairlein F, Lei F, Wink M. Can Mitogenomes of the Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe) Reconstruct Its Phylogeography and Reveal the Origin of Migrant Birds? Sci Rep 2020; 10:9290. [PMID: 32518318 PMCID: PMC7283232 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66287-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe, including the nominate and the two subspecies O. o. leucorhoa and O. o. libanotica) and the Seebohm’s Wheatear (Oenanthe seebohmi) are today regarded as two distinct species. Before, all four taxa were regarded as four subspecies of the Northern Wheatear. Their classification has exclusively been based on ecological and morphological traits, while their molecular characterization is still missing. With this study, we used next-generation sequencing to assemble 117 complete mitochondrial genomes covering O. o. oenanthe, O. o. leucorhoa and O. seebohmi. We compared the resolution power of each individual mitochondrial marker and concatenated marker sets to reconstruct the phylogeny and estimate speciation times of three taxa. Moreover, we tried to identify the origin of migratory wheatears caught on Helgoland (Germany) and on Crete (Greece). Mitogenome analysis revealed two different ancient lineages that separated around 400,000 years ago. Both lineages consisted of a mix of subspecies and species. The phylogenetic trees, as well as haplotype networks are incongruent with the present morphology-based classification. Mitogenome could not distinguish these presumed species. The genetic panmixia among present populations and taxa might be the consequence of mitochondrial introgression between ancient wheatear populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erjia Wang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Dezhi Zhang
- Key laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, UniversityMerops apiaster. J. Divers of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Markus Santhosh Braun
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Agnes Hotz-Wagenblatt
- Omics IT and Data Management Core Facility, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Debora Arlt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Heiko Schmaljohann
- Institute of Avian Research "Vogelwarte Helgoland", Wilhelmshaven, Germany.,Institute for Biology und Environmental Sciences (IBU), Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Franz Bairlein
- Institute of Avian Research "Vogelwarte Helgoland", Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Fumin Lei
- Key laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, UniversityMerops apiaster. J. Divers of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
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21
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Josefsson J, Hiron M, Arlt D, Auffret AG, Berg Å, Chevalier M, Glimskär A, Hartman G, Kačergytė I, Klein J, Knape J, Laugen AT, Low M, Paquet M, Pasanen‐Mortensen M, Rosin ZM, Rubene D, Żmihorski M, Pärt T. Improving scientific rigour in conservation evaluations and a plea deal for transparency on potential biases. Conserv Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Josefsson
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Matthew Hiron
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Debora Arlt
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Alistair G. Auffret
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Åke Berg
- Swedish Biodiversity Centre Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Mathieu Chevalier
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
- Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Anders Glimskär
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Göran Hartman
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Ineta Kačergytė
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Julian Klein
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Jonas Knape
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Ane T. Laugen
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
- Department of Natural Sciences, Centre for Coastal Research University of Agder Kristiansand Norway
| | - Matthew Low
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Matthieu Paquet
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Marianne Pasanen‐Mortensen
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
- Department of Zoology Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
| | - Zuzanna M. Rosin
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
- Department of Cell Biology Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University Umultowska Poznań Poland
| | - Diana Rubene
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
- Department of Crop Production Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Michał Żmihorski
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
- Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences Białowieża Poland
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
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22
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Rosin ZM, Hiron M, Żmihorski M, Szymański P, Tobolka M, Pärt T. Reduced biodiversity in modernized villages: A conflict between sustainable development goals. J Appl Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna M. Rosin
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
- Department of Cell Biology Faculty of Biology Institute of Experimental Biology Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań Poland
| | - Matthew Hiron
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Michał Żmihorski
- Mammal Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Białowieża Poland
| | - Paweł Szymański
- Department of Behavioural Ecology Institute of Environmental Biology Faculty of Biology Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań Poland
| | - Marcin Tobolka
- Institute of Zoology Poznań University of Life Sciences Poznań Poland
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
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23
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Low M, Arlt D, Knape J, Pärt T, Öberg M. Factors influencing plasticity in the arrival-breeding interval in a migratory species reacting to climate change. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:12291-12301. [PMID: 31832160 PMCID: PMC6854385 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change is profoundly affecting the phenology of many species. In migratory birds, there is evidence for advances in their arrival time at the breeding ground and their timing of breeding, yet empirical studies examining the interdependence between arrival and breeding time are lacking. Hence, evidence is scarce regarding how breeding time may be adjusted via the arrival-breeding interval to help local populations adapt to local conditions or climate change. We used long-term data from an intensively monitored population of the northern wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe) to examine the factors related to the length of 734 separate arrival-to-breeding events from 549 individual females. From 1993 to 2017, the mean arrival and egg-laying dates advanced by approximately the same amount (~5-6 days), with considerable between-individual variation in the arrival-breeding interval. The arrival-breeding interval was shorter for: (a) individuals that arrived later in the season compared to early-arriving birds, (b) for experienced females compared to first-year breeders, (c) as spring progressed, and (d) in later years compared to earlier ones. The influence of these factors was much larger for birds arriving earlier in the season compared to later arriving birds, with most effects on variation in the arrival-breeding interval being absent in late-arriving birds. Thus, in this population it appears that the timing of breeding is not constrained by arrival for early- to midarriving birds, but instead is dependent on local conditions after arrival. For late-arriving birds, however, the timing of breeding appears to be influenced by arrival constraints. Hence, impacts of climate change on arrival dates and local conditions are expected to vary for different parts of the population, with potential negative impacts associated with these factors likely to differ for early- versus late-arriving birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Low
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Debora Arlt
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Jonas Knape
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Meit Öberg
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
- WSP Sverige ABUppsalaSweden
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24
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Jasińska KD, Żmihorski M, Krauze‐Gryz D, Kotowska D, Werka J, Piotrowska D, Pärt T. Linking habitat composition, local population densities and traffic characteristics to spatial patterns of ungulate‐train collisions. J Appl Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina D. Jasińska
- Department of Forest Zoology and Wildlife Management Faculty of Forestry Warsaw University of Life Sciences Warsaw Poland
| | - Michał Żmihorski
- Mammal Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Bialowieza Poland
| | - Dagny Krauze‐Gryz
- Department of Forest Zoology and Wildlife Management Faculty of Forestry Warsaw University of Life Sciences Warsaw Poland
| | - Dorota Kotowska
- Institute of Nature Conservation Polish Academy of Sciences Krakow Poland
| | - Joanna Werka
- Department of Forest Zoology and Wildlife Management Faculty of Forestry Warsaw University of Life Sciences Warsaw Poland
| | - Diana Piotrowska
- Polish Hunting Association Warsaw Poland
- Forest Research Institute Raszyn Poland
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
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25
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Montràs‐Janer T, Knape J, Nilsson L, Tombre I, Pärt T, Månsson J. Relating national levels of crop damage to the abundance of large grazing birds: Implications for management. J Appl Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Montràs‐Janer
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Riddarhyttan Sweden
| | - Jonas Knape
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Lovisa Nilsson
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Riddarhyttan Sweden
| | - Ingunn Tombre
- Arctic Ecology Department, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research The Fram Centre Tromsø Norway
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Johan Månsson
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Riddarhyttan Sweden
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26
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Brlík V, Koleček J, Burgess M, Hahn S, Humple D, Krist M, Ouwehand J, Weiser EL, Adamík P, Alves JA, Arlt D, Barišić S, Becker D, Belda EJ, Beran V, Both C, Bravo SP, Briedis M, Chutný B, Ćiković D, Cooper NW, Costa JS, Cueto VR, Emmenegger T, Fraser K, Gilg O, Guerrero M, Hallworth MT, Hewson C, Jiguet F, Johnson JA, Kelly T, Kishkinev D, Leconte M, Lislevand T, Lisovski S, López C, McFarland KP, Marra PP, Matsuoka SM, Matyjasiak P, Meier CM, Metzger B, Monrós JS, Neumann R, Newman A, Norris R, Pärt T, Pavel V, Perlut N, Piha M, Reneerkens J, Rimmer CC, Roberto-Charron A, Scandolara C, Sokolova N, Takenaka M, Tolkmitt D, van Oosten H, Wellbrock AHJ, Wheeler H, van der Winden J, Witte K, Woodworth BK, Procházka P. Weak effects of geolocators on small birds: A meta-analysis controlled for phylogeny and publication bias. J Anim Ecol 2019; 89:207-220. [PMID: 30771254 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the deployment of tracking devices is one of the most frequently used approaches to study movement ecology of birds. Recent miniaturization of light-level geolocators enabled studying small bird species whose migratory patterns were widely unknown. However, geolocators may reduce vital rates in tagged birds and may bias obtained movement data. There is a need for a thorough assessment of the potential tag effects on small birds, as previous meta-analyses did not evaluate unpublished data and impact of multiple life-history traits, focused mainly on large species and the number of published studies tagging small birds has increased substantially. We quantitatively reviewed 549 records extracted from 74 published and 48 unpublished studies on over 7,800 tagged and 17,800 control individuals to examine the effects of geolocator tagging on small bird species (body mass <100 g). We calculated the effect of tagging on apparent survival, condition, phenology and breeding performance and identified the most important predictors of the magnitude of effect sizes. Even though the effects were not statistically significant in phylogenetically controlled models, we found a weak negative impact of geolocators on apparent survival. The negative effect on apparent survival was stronger with increasing relative load of the device and with geolocators attached using elastic harnesses. Moreover, tagging effects were stronger in smaller species. In conclusion, we found a weak effect on apparent survival of tagged birds and managed to pinpoint key aspects and drivers of tagging effects. We provide recommendations for establishing matched control group for proper effect size assessment in future studies and outline various aspects of tagging that need further investigation. Finally, our results encourage further use of geolocators on small bird species but the ethical aspects and scientific benefits should always be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Brlík
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Koleček
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Malcolm Burgess
- Royal Society for the Protection of Birds-Centre for Conservation Science, The Lodge, Sandy, UK
| | - Steffen Hahn
- Bird Migration Department, Swiss Ornithological Institute, Sempach, Switzerland
| | - Diana Humple
- Point Blue Conservation Science, Petaluma, California
| | - Miloš Krist
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Janne Ouwehand
- Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Emily L Weiser
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas.,U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, Wisconsin
| | - Peter Adamík
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Museum of Natural History, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - José A Alves
- Department of Biology and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal.,South Iceland Research Centre, University of Iceland, Laugarvatn, Iceland
| | - Debora Arlt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sanja Barišić
- Institute of Ornithology, Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | - Václav Beran
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Municipal Museum of Ústí nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic.,ALKA Wildlife o.p.s., Dačice, Czech Republic
| | - Christiaan Both
- Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Martins Briedis
- Bird Migration Department, Swiss Ornithological Institute, Sempach, Switzerland
| | | | - Davor Ćiković
- Institute of Ornithology, Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nathan W Cooper
- Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Joana S Costa
- Department of Biology and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Tamara Emmenegger
- Bird Migration Department, Swiss Ornithological Institute, Sempach, Switzerland
| | - Kevin Fraser
- Avian Behaviour and Conservation Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Olivier Gilg
- UMR 6249 Chrono-Environnement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.,Groupe de recherche en Ecologie Arctique, Francheville, France
| | - Marina Guerrero
- Servicio de Jardines, Bosques y Huertas, Patronato de la Alhambra y el Generalife, Granada, Spain
| | - Michael T Hallworth
- Migratory Bird Center-Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Chris Hewson
- British Trust for Ornithology, The Nunnery, Thetford, UK
| | - Frédéric Jiguet
- UMR7204 CESCO, MNHN-CNRS-Sorbonne Université, CP135, Paris, France
| | - James A Johnson
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird Management, Anchorage, Alaska
| | - Tosha Kelly
- Advanced Facility for Avian Research, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dmitry Kishkinev
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK.,Biological station Rybachy, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Rybachy, Russia
| | | | - Terje Lislevand
- Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Simeon Lisovski
- Bird Migration Department, Swiss Ornithological Institute, Sempach, Switzerland
| | - Cosme López
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Peter P Marra
- Migratory Bird Center-Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Steven M Matsuoka
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird Management, Anchorage, Alaska.,U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Science Center, Anchorage, Alaska
| | - Piotr Matyjasiak
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Christoph M Meier
- Bird Migration Department, Swiss Ornithological Institute, Sempach, Switzerland
| | | | - Juan S Monrós
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, Paterna, València, Spain
| | | | - Amy Newman
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ryan Norris
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Václav Pavel
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Centre for Polar Ecology, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Noah Perlut
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine
| | - Markus Piha
- Finnish Museum of Natural History LUOMUS, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jeroen Reneerkens
- Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Amélie Roberto-Charron
- Avian Behaviour and Conservation Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Chiara Scandolara
- Bird Migration Department, Swiss Ornithological Institute, Sempach, Switzerland
| | - Natalia Sokolova
- Arctic Research Station of Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Labytnangi, Russia.,Arctic Research Center of Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District, Salekhard, Russia
| | | | | | - Herman van Oosten
- Oenanthe Ecologie, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Animal Ecology, Physiology and Experimental Plant Ecology, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arndt H J Wellbrock
- Institute of Biology, Department of Chemistry-Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Hazel Wheeler
- Wildlife Preservation Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Klaudia Witte
- Institute of Biology, Department of Chemistry-Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Bradley K Woodworth
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Petr Procházka
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
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27
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Paquet M, Arlt D, Knape J, Low M, Forslund P, Pärt T. Quantifying the links between land use and population growth rate in a declining farmland bird. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:868-879. [PMID: 30766676 PMCID: PMC6362438 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Land use is likely to be a key driver of population dynamics of species inhabiting anthropogenic landscapes, such as farmlands. Understanding the relationships between land use and variation in population growth rates is therefore critical for the management of many farmland species. Using 24 years of data of a declining farmland bird in an integrated population model, we examined how spatiotemporal variation in land use (defined as habitats with "Short" and "Tall" ground vegetation during the breeding season) and habitat-specific demographic parameters relates to variation in population growth taking into account individual movements between habitats. We also evaluated contributions to population growth using transient life table response experiments which gives information on contribution of past variation of parameters and real-time elasticities which suggests future scenarios to change growth rates. LTRE analyses revealed a clear contribution of Short habitats to the annual variation in population growth rate that was mostly due to fledgling recruitment, whereas there was no evidence for a contribution of Tall habitats. Only 18% of the variation in population growth was explained by the modeled local demography, the remaining variation being explained by apparent immigration (i.e., the residual variation). We discuss potential biological and methodological reasons for high contributions of apparent immigration in open populations. In line with LTRE analysis, real-time elasticity analysis revealed that demographic parameters linked to Short habitats had a stronger potential to influence population growth rate than those of Tall habitats. Most particularly, an increase of the proportion of Short sites occupied by Old breeders could have a distinct positive impact on population growth. High-quality Short habitats such as grazed pastures have been declining in southern Sweden. Converting low-quality to high-quality habitats could therefore change the present negative population trend of this, and other species with similar habitat requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Paquet
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Debora Arlt
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Jonas Knape
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Matthew Low
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Pär Forslund
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
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28
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Knape J, Arlt D, Barraquand F, Berg Å, Chevalier M, Pärt T, Ruete A, Żmihorski M. Sensitivity of binomial N‐mixture models to overdispersion: The importance of assessing model fit. Methods Ecol Evol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Knape
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Debora Arlt
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | | | - Åke Berg
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Mathieu Chevalier
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Alejandro Ruete
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
- Greensway AB Uppsala Sweden
| | - Michał Żmihorski
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
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29
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Josefsson J, Pärt T, Berg Å, Lokhorst AM, Eggers S. Landscape context and farm uptake limit effects of bird conservation in the Swedish Volunteer & Farmer Alliance. J Appl Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Josefsson
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Åke Berg
- Swedish Biodiversity CentreSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Anne Marike Lokhorst
- Sub‐Department Communication, Technology and PhilosophyWageningen University and Research Centre Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Sönke Eggers
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
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30
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Hiron M, Pärt T, Siriwardena GM, Whittingham MJ. Species contributions to single biodiversity values under-estimate whole community contribution to a wider range of values to society. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7004. [PMID: 29725077 PMCID: PMC5934388 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25339-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A major task for decision makers is deciding how to consider monetary, cultural and conservation values of biodiversity explicitly when planning sustainable land use. Thus, there is a great need to understand just what "valuing" biodiversity or species really means, e.g. regarding how many and which species are important in providing ecosystem services or other values. Constructing ecosystem-level indices, however, requires weighting the relative contribution of species to the different values. Using farmland birds, we illustrate how species contribute to different biodiversity values, namely utilitarian (pest seed predation potential), cultural (species occurrence in poetry), conservational (declines and rarity) and inherent (all species equal) value. Major contributions to each value are often made by a subset of the community and different species are important for different values, leading to no correlations or, in some cases, negative correlations between species' relative contributions to different values. Our results and methods using relative contributions of species to biodiversity values can aid decisions when weighing different values in policies and strategies for natural resource management. We conclude that acknowledging the importance of the range of biodiversity values that are apparent from different perspectives is critical if the full value of biodiversity to society is to be realised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Hiron
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, NE1 7RU, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK.
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Mark J Whittingham
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, NE1 7RU, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK
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31
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Germain M, Pärt T, Gustafsson L, Doligez B. Natal dispersers pay a lifetime cost to increased reproductive effort in a wild bird population. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 284:rspb.2016.2445. [PMID: 28330917 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2016.2445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Natal dispersal is assumed to be costly. Such costs can be difficult to detect, and fitness consequences of dispersal are therefore poorly known. Because of lower phenotypic quality and/or familiarity with the environment, natal dispersers may be less buffered against a sudden increase in reproductive effort. Consequently, reproductive costs associated with natal dispersal may mostly be detected in harsh breeding conditions. We tested this prediction by comparing lifetime reproductive success between natal dispersers and non-dispersers in a patchy population of collared flycatchers (Ficedula albicollis) when they reared either a non-manipulated brood or an experimentally increased or decreased brood. Natal dispersers achieved lower lifetime reproductive success than non-dispersers only under more stressful breeding conditions (i.e. when brood size was experimentally increased). This was mostly due to a lower number of recruits produced in the year of the increase. Our results suggest a cost associated with natal dispersal paid immediately after an increase in reproductive effort and not subsequently compensated for through increased survival or future offspring recruitment. Natal dispersers adjusted their breeding investment when reproductive effort is as predicted but seemed unable to efficiently face a sudden increase in effort, which could affect the influence of environmental predictability on dispersal evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Germain
- UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, CNRS, Université de Lyon, F69000, Lyon; Université Lyon 1, 18 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F69622 Villeurbanne, France .,Department of Animal Ecology, Evolutionary Biology Centre (EBC), Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.,Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 2, 69000 Lyon, France
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7044, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Gustafsson
- Department of Animal Ecology, Evolutionary Biology Centre (EBC), Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Blandine Doligez
- UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, CNRS, Université de Lyon, F69000, Lyon; Université Lyon 1, 18 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F69622 Villeurbanne, France
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Arlt D, Pärt T. Marked reduction in demographic rates and reduced fitness advantage for early breeding is not linked to reduced thermal matching of breeding time. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:10782-10796. [PMID: 29299257 PMCID: PMC5743537 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Warmer springs may cause animals to become mistimed if advances of spring timing, including available resources and of timing of breeding occur at different speed. We used thermal sums (cumulative sum of degree days) during spring to describe the thermal progression (timing) of spring and investigate its relationship to breeding phenology and demography of a long-distant migrant bird, the northern wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe L.). We first compare 20-year trends in spring timing, breeding time, selection for breeding time, and annual demographic rates. We then explicitly test whether annual variation in selection for breeding time and demographic rates associates with the degree of phenological matching between breeding time and thermal progression of spring. Both thermal progression of spring and breeding time of wheatears advanced in time during the study period. But despite breeding on average 7 days earlier with respect to date, wheatears bred about 4 days later with respect to thermal spring progression. Over the same time period, selection for breeding time changed from distinct within-season advantage of breeding early to no or very weak advantage. Furthermore, demographic rates (nest success, fledgling production, recruitment, adult survival) and nestling weight declined markedly by 16%-79%. Those temporal trends suggest that a reduced degree of phenological matching may affect within-season fitness advantage of early breeding and population demographic rates. In contrast, when we investigate links based on annual variation, we find no significant relationship between either demographic rates or fitness advantage of early breeding with annual variation in the degree of phenological matching. Our results show that corresponding temporal trends in phenological matching, selection for breeding time and demographic rates are inconclusive evidence for demographic effects of changed phenological matching. Instead, we suggest that the trends in selection for breeding time and demographic rates are due to a general deterioration of the breeding environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Arlt
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
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Pärt T, Knape J, Low M, Öberg M, Arlt D. Disentangling the effects of date, individual, and territory quality on the seasonal decline in fitness. Ecology 2017; 98:2102-2110. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.1891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Box 7044 SE-75007 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Jonas Knape
- Department of Ecology; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Box 7044 SE-75007 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Matthew Low
- Department of Ecology; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Box 7044 SE-75007 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Meit Öberg
- Department of Ecology; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Box 7044 SE-75007 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Debora Arlt
- Department of Ecology; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Box 7044 SE-75007 Uppsala Sweden
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Ruete A, Pärt T, Berg Å, Knape J. Exploiting opportunistic observations to estimate changes in seasonal site use: An example with wetland birds. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:5632-5644. [PMID: 28808543 PMCID: PMC5551100 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsystematically collected, a.k.a. opportunistic, species observations are accumulating at a high rate in biodiversity databases. Occupancy models have arisen as the main tool to reduce effects of limited knowledge about effort in analyses of opportunistic data. These models are generally using long closure periods (e.g., breeding season) for the estimation of probability of detection and occurrence. Here, we use the fact that multiple opportunistic observations in biodiversity databases may be available even within days (e.g., at popular birding localities) to reduce the closure period to 1 day in order to estimate daily occupancies within the breeding season. We use a hierarchical dynamic occupancy model for daily visits to analyze opportunistic observations of 71 species from nine wetlands during 10 years. Our model derives measures of seasonal site use within seasons from estimates of daily occupancy. Comparing results from our "seasonal site use model" to results from a traditional annual occupancy model (using a closure criterion of 2 months or more) showed that our model provides more detailed biologically relevant information. For example, when the aim is to analyze occurrences of breeding species, an annual occupancy model will over-estimate site use of species with temporary occurrences (e.g., migrants passing by, single itinerary prospecting individuals) as even a single observation during the closure period will be viewed as an occupancy. Alternatively, our model produces estimates of the extent to which sites are actually used. Model validation based on simulated data confirmed that our model is robust to changes and variability in sampling effort and species detectability. We conclude that more information can be gained from opportunistic data with multiple replicates (e.g., several reports per day almost every day) by reducing the time window of the closure criterion to acquire estimates of occupancies within seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Ruete
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Åke Berg
- Swedish Biodiversity Centre Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Jonas Knape
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Pärt
- Department of Wildlife Ecology; The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Box 7002 S-75007 Uppsala Sweden
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Josefsson J, Lokhorst AM, Pärt T, Berg Å, Eggers S. Effects of a coordinated farmland bird conservation project on farmers' intentions to implement nature conservation practices - Evidence from the Swedish Volunteer & Farmer Alliance. J Environ Manage 2017; 187:8-15. [PMID: 27865924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To increase the efficacy of agri-environmental schemes (AES), as well as farmers' environmental engagement, practitioners are increasingly turning to collective forms of agri-environmental management. As yet, empirical evidence from such approaches is relatively scarce. Here, we examined a farmland bird conservation project coordinated by BirdLife Sweden, the Swedish Volunteer & Farmer Alliance (SVFA). The key features of the SVFA were farmland bird inventories from volunteering birdwatchers and on-farm visits to individual farmers from conservation advisors for guidance on AES as well as unsubsidised practices. Using an ex-post application of the theory of planned behaviour across project participants and a randomly sampled control group of farmers we assessed how SVFA affected behavioural intentions relating to AES and unsubsidised conservation, and how the behaviour was affected by attitudes, perceived social norms and perceived behavioural control. We also included a measure of self-identity as a conservationist to assess its importance for behavioural intentions, and if SVFA stimulated this self-identity. SVFA farmers reported greater commitment to implementing AES and unsubsidised conservation, as compared to the control group. However, greater commitment was associated with more positive attitudes for unsubsidised conservation only and not for AES, underlining the inability of existing AES to prompt intrinsic motivation. There were also differences between farmers within SVFA, where farmers applying to the project were motivated by social influences, while farmers recruited by project managers were motivated by their personal beliefs regarding nature conservation. Finally, farmers' self-perceived ability to perform practices (i.e. perceived behavioural control) was important for their commitment to implementing AES as well as unsubsidised practices. Therefore, increasing farmers' awareness regarding the availability and, not least, practicability of available conservation options may be the key to successful biodiversity conservation in agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Josefsson
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7044, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Anne Marike Lokhorst
- Wageningen University and Research Centre, Sub-department Communication, Technology and Philosophy, Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7044, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Åke Berg
- Swedish Biodiversity Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7016, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Sönke Eggers
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7044, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Josefsson J, Berg Å, Hiron M, Pärt T, Eggers S. Sensitivity of the farmland bird community to crop diversification in Sweden: does the CAP fit? J Appl Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Josefsson
- Department of Ecology; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Box 7044 SE-750 07 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Åke Berg
- Swedish Biodiversity Centre; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Box 7016 SE-750 07 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Matthew Hiron
- Department of Ecology; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Box 7044 SE-750 07 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Box 7044 SE-750 07 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Sönke Eggers
- Department of Ecology; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Box 7044 SE-750 07 Uppsala Sweden
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Rosin ZM, Skórka P, Pärt T, Żmihorski M, Ekner-Grzyb A, Kwieciński Z, Tryjanowski P. Villages and their old farmsteads are hot spots of bird diversity in agricultural landscapes. J Appl Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna M. Rosin
- Department of Cell Biology; Faculty of Biology; Adam Mickiewicz University; Umultowska 89 61-614 Poznań Poland
| | - Piotr Skórka
- Institute of Nature Conservation; Polish Academy of Sciences; Mickiewicza 33 31-120 Kraków Poland
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Box 7044 Se 750 07 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Michał Żmihorski
- Institute of Nature Conservation; Polish Academy of Sciences; Mickiewicza 33 31-120 Kraków Poland
- Department of Ecology; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Box 7044 Se 750 07 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Anna Ekner-Grzyb
- Department of Behavioural Ecology; Faculty of Biology; Adam Mickiewicz University; Umultowska 89 61-614 Poznań Poland
| | - Zbigniew Kwieciński
- Institute of Zoology; Poznań University of Life Sciences; Wojska Polskiego 71C 60-625 Poznań Poland
| | - Piotr Tryjanowski
- Institute of Zoology; Poznań University of Life Sciences; Wojska Polskiego 71C 60-625 Poznań Poland
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Mills JA, Teplitsky C, Arroyo B, Charmantier A, Becker PH, Birkhead TR, Bize P, Blumstein DT, Bonenfant C, Boutin S, Bushuev A, Cam E, Cockburn A, Côté SD, Coulson JC, Daunt F, Dingemanse NJ, Doligez B, Drummond H, Espie RHM, Festa-Bianchet M, Frentiu F, Fitzpatrick JW, Furness RW, Garant D, Gauthier G, Grant PR, Griesser M, Gustafsson L, Hansson B, Harris MP, Jiguet F, Kjellander P, Korpimäki E, Krebs CJ, Lens L, Linnell JDC, Low M, McAdam A, Margalida A, Merilä J, Møller AP, Nakagawa S, Nilsson JÅ, Nisbet ICT, van Noordwijk AJ, Oro D, Pärt T, Pelletier F, Potti J, Pujol B, Réale D, Rockwell RF, Ropert-Coudert Y, Roulin A, Sedinger JS, Swenson JE, Thébaud C, Visser ME, Wanless S, Westneat DF, Wilson AJ, Zedrosser A. Archiving Primary Data: Solutions for Long-Term Studies. Trends Ecol Evol 2016; 30:581-589. [PMID: 26411615 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The recent trend for journals to require open access to primary data included in publications has been embraced by many biologists, but has caused apprehension amongst researchers engaged in long-term ecological and evolutionary studies. A worldwide survey of 73 principal investigators (Pls) with long-term studies revealed positive attitudes towards sharing data with the agreement or involvement of the PI, and 93% of PIs have historically shared data. Only 8% were in favor of uncontrolled, open access to primary data while 63% expressed serious concern. We present here their viewpoint on an issue that can have non-trivial scientific consequences. We discuss potential costs of public data archiving and provide possible solutions to meet the needs of journals and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Céline Teplitsky
- Département Ecologie et Gestion de la Biodiversité, UMR 7204 CNRS/MNHN/UPMC, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.
| | - Beatriz Arroyo
- Instituto de Investigacion en Recursos Cinegeticos (IREC) (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad, Real, Spain
| | - Anne Charmantier
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive UMR 5175, Campus CNRS, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France
| | - Peter H Becker
- Institute of Avian Research, 'Vogelwarte Helgoland', An der Vogelwarte 21 D26386 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Tim R Birkhead
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Pierre Bize
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Daniel T Blumstein
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, 621 Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1606, USA
| | - Christophe Bonenfant
- CNRS,Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, UMR 5558, Laboratoire Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, 43 boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
| | - Stan Boutin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Andrey Bushuev
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/12, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Emmanuelle Cam
- UMR 5174 EDB Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique, CNRS, ENFA, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse CEDEX 9, France
| | - Andrew Cockburn
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Genetics, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Steeve D Côté
- Département de Biologie and Centre d'Etudes Nordiques, Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | | | - Francis Daunt
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB UK
| | - Niels J Dingemanse
- Behavioural Ecology, Department of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; Evolutionary Ecology of Variation Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Blandine Doligez
- CNRS,Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, UMR 5558, Laboratoire Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, 43 boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
| | - Hugh Drummond
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70-275, México DF 04510, México
| | - Richard H M Espie
- Technical Resource Branch, Saskatchewan Ministry of Environment, 3211 Albert Street, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 5W6, Canada
| | - Marco Festa-Bianchet
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Francesca Frentiu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059 Australia
| | - John W Fitzpatrick
- Cornell Lab of Ornithology, 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Robert W Furness
- Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Dany Garant
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Gilles Gauthier
- Département de Biologie and Centre d'Etudes Nordiques, Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Peter R Grant
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1003, USA
| | - Michael Griesser
- Anthropological Institute and Museum, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lars Gustafsson
- Department of Animal Ecology, Evolutionary Biology Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bengt Hansson
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Ecology Building, 223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - Michael P Harris
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB UK
| | - Frédéric Jiguet
- CESCO, UMR7204 Sorbonne Universités-MNHN-CNRS-UPMC, CP51, 55 Rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Petter Kjellander
- Grimso Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) 73091, Riddarhyttan, Sweden
| | - Erkki Korpimäki
- Section of Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Charles J Krebs
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Luc Lens
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - John D C Linnell
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, PO Box 5685 Sluppen, 7485 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Matthew Low
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andrew McAdam
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Antoni Margalida
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Juha Merilä
- Ecological Genetics Research Unit, Department of Biosciences, PO Box 65 (Biocenter 3, Viikinkaari 1), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helskinki, Finland
| | - Anders P Møller
- Laboratoire Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, Equipe Diversité, Ecologie et Evolution Microbiennes, Bâtiment 362, 91405 Orsay CEDEX, France
| | - Shinichi Nakagawa
- Evolution and Ecology Research Centre and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jan-Åke Nilsson
- Department of Animal Ecology, Evolutionary Biology Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ian C T Nisbet
- I.C.T. Nisbet and Company, 150 Alder Lane, North Falmouth, MA 02556, USA
| | - Arie J van Noordwijk
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), PO Box 50, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Oro
- Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Miquel Marques 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fanie Pelletier
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Jaime Potti
- Departamento de Ecologia Evolutiva, Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC, Av. Américo Vespucio s/n, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Benoit Pujol
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Genetics, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Denis Réale
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec A Montréal, CP 8888 Cuccursale Centre Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Robert F Rockwell
- Vertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024 USA
| | - Yan Ropert-Coudert
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS UMR7178, 23 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Alexandre Roulin
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - James S Sedinger
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada Reno, Reno NV 89512, USA
| | - Jon E Swenson
- Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO Box 5003, 1432 Ås, and Norway and Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, PO Box 5685 Sluppen, 7485 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Christophe Thébaud
- UMR 5174 EDB Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique, CNRS, ENFA, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse CEDEX 9, France
| | - Marcel E Visser
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), PO Box 50, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Wanless
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB UK
| | - David F Westneat
- Department of Biology, Center for Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Alastair J Wilson
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn TR10 9EZ, UK
| | - Andreas Zedrosser
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Environmental and Health Studies, Telemark University College, 3800 Bø i Telemark, Norway
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Żmihorski M, Pärt T, Gustafson T, Berg Å. Effects of water level and grassland management on alpha and beta diversity of birds in restored wetlands. J Appl Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michał Żmihorski
- Department of Ecology; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Box 7044 SE 750 07 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Box 7044 SE 750 07 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Tomas Gustafson
- Department of Ecology; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Box 7044 SE 750 07 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Åke Berg
- Swedish Biodiversity Centre; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Box 7016 SE 750 07 Uppsala Sweden
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41
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Emmerson M, Morales M, Oñate J, Batáry P, Berendse F, Liira J, Aavik T, Guerrero I, Bommarco R, Eggers S, Pärt T, Tscharntke T, Weisser W, Clement L, Bengtsson J. How Agricultural Intensification Affects Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. ADV ECOL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aecr.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Schmaljohann H, Meier C, Arlt D, Bairlein F, van Oosten H, Morbey YE, Åkesson S, Buchmann M, Chernetsov N, Desaever R, Elliott J, Hellström M, Liechti F, López A, Middleton J, Ottosson U, Pärt T, Spina F, Eikenaar C. Proximate causes of avian protandry differ between subspecies with contrasting migration challenges. Behav Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arv160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Öberg M, Arlt D, Pärt T, Laugen AT, Eggers S, Low M. Rainfall during parental care reduces reproductive and survival components of fitness in a passerine bird. Ecol Evol 2014; 5:345-56. [PMID: 25691962 PMCID: PMC4314267 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse weather conditions during parental care may have direct consequences for offspring production, but longer-term effects on juvenile and parental survival are less well known. We used long-term data on reproductive output, recruitment, and parental survival in northern wheatears (Oenanthe oenanthe) to investigate the effects of rainfall during parental care on fledging success, recruitment success (juvenile survival), and parental survival, and how these effects related to nestling age, breeding time, habitat quality, and parental nest visitation rates. While accounting for effects of temperature, fledging success was negatively related to rainfall (days > 10 mm) in the second half of the nestling period, with the magnitude of this effect being greater for breeding attempts early in the season. Recruitment success was, however, more sensitive to the number of rain days in the first half of the nestling period. Rainfall effects on parental survival differed between the sexes; males were more sensitive to rain during the nestling period than females. We demonstrate a probable mechanism driving the rainfall effects on reproductive output: Parental nest visitation rates decline with increasing amounts of daily rainfall, with this effect becoming stronger after consecutive rain days. Our study shows that rain during the nestling stage not only relates to fledging success but also has longer-term effects on recruitment and subsequent parental survival. Thus, if we want to understand or predict population responses to future climate change, we need to consider the potential impacts of changing rainfall patterns in addition to temperature, and how these will affect target species' vital rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meit Öberg
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Box 7044, Uppsala, 75007, Sweden
| | - Debora Arlt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Box 7044, Uppsala, 75007, Sweden
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Box 7044, Uppsala, 75007, Sweden
| | - Ane T Laugen
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Box 7044, Uppsala, 75007, Sweden ; Aronia Coastal Zone Research Team, Novia University of Applied Sciences & Åbo Academy University Raseborgsvägen 9, Ekenäs, 10600, Finland
| | - Sönke Eggers
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Box 7044, Uppsala, 75007, Sweden
| | - Matthew Low
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Box 7044, Uppsala, 75007, Sweden
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Arlt D, Low M, Pärt T. Effect of geolocators on migration and subsequent breeding performance of a long-distance passerine migrant. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82316. [PMID: 24324770 PMCID: PMC3852741 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Geolocators are small light-weight data loggers used to track individual migratory routes, and their use has increased exponentially in birds. However, the effects of geolocators on individual performance are still poorly known. We studied geolocator effects on a long-distance migrating passerine bird, the northern wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe L.). We asked the general question of whether geolocators affect migratory behaviour and subsequent reproductive performance of small passerines by comparing arrival time, breeding time, breeding success and survival of geolocator versus control birds of known identity and breeding history. During two years geolocator birds (n=37) displayed a lower apparent survival (30%) as compared to controls (45%, n=164). Furthermore, returning geolocator birds (n=12) arrived on average 3.5 days later, started laying eggs 6.3 days later, and had lower nest success (25%) than control birds (78%). Our results suggest that geolocators affect migratory performance with carry-over effects to the timing of breeding and reproductive success in the subsequent breeding season. We discuss the implications of such geolocator effects for the study of migratory strategies of small passerines in general and suggest how to identify and investigate such effects in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Arlt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Matthew Low
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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Abstract
Seasonal fitness declines are common, but the relative contribution of different reproductive components to the seasonal change in the production of reproductive young, and the component-specific drivers of this change is generally poorly known. We used long-term data (17 years) on breeding time (i.e. date of first egg laid) in northern wheatears (Oenanthe oenanthe) to investigate seasonal reproductive patterns and estimate the relative contributions of reproductive components to the overall decline in reproduction, while accounting for factors potentially linked to seasonal declines, i.e. individual and habitat quality. All reproductive components-nest success (reflecting nest predation rate), clutch size, fledging success and recruitment success-showed a clear decline with breeding time whereas subsequent adult survival did not. A non-linear increase in nest predation rate caused nest success to decline rapidly early in the season and level off at ~80% success late in the breeding season. The combined seasonal decline in all reproductive components caused the mean production of recruits per nest to drop from around 0.7-0.2; with the relative contribution greatest for recruitment success which accounted for ~50% of the decline. Our data suggest that changing environmental conditions together with effects of nest predation have strong effects on the seasonal decline in fitness. Our demonstration of the combined effects of all reproductive components and their relative contribution shows that omitting data from later stages of breeding (recruitment) can greatly underestimate seasonal fitness declines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meit Öberg
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7044, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden,
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Schneider NA, Low M, Arlt D, Pärt T. Contrast in edge vegetation structure modifies the predation risk of natural ground nests in an agricultural landscape. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31517. [PMID: 22363659 PMCID: PMC3283633 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nest predation risk generally increases nearer forest-field edges in agricultural landscapes. However, few studies test whether differences in edge contrast (i.e. hard versus soft edges based on vegetation structure and height) affect edge-related predation patterns and if such patterns are related to changes in nest conspicuousness between incubation and nestling feeding. Using data on 923 nesting attempts we analyse factors influencing nest predation risk at different edge types in an agricultural landscape of a ground-cavity breeding bird species, the Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe). As for many other bird species, nest predation is a major determinant of reproductive success in this migratory passerine. Nest predation risk was higher closer to woodland and crop field edges, but only when these were hard edges in terms of ground vegetation structure (clear contrast between tall vs short ground vegetation). No such edge effect was observed at soft edges where adjacent habitats had tall ground vegetation (crop, ungrazed grassland). This edge effect on nest predation risk was evident during the incubation stage but not the nestling feeding stage. Since wheatear nests are depredated by ground-living animals our results demonstrate: (i) that edge effects depend on edge contrast, (ii) that edge-related nest predation patterns vary across the breeding period probably resulting from changes in parental activity at the nest between the incubation and nestling feeding stage. Edge effects should be put in the context of the nest predator community as illustrated by the elevated nest predation risk at hard but not soft habitat edges when an edge is defined in terms of ground vegetation. These results thus can potentially explain previously observed variations in edge-related nest predation risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Schneider
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Flohre A, Fischer C, Aavik T, Bengtsson J, Berendse F, Bommarco R, Ceryngier P, Clement LW, Dennis C, Eggers S, Emmerson M, Geiger F, Guerrero I, Hawro V, Inchausti P, Liira J, Morales MB, Oñate JJ, Pärt T, Weisser WW, Winqvist C, Thies C, Tscharntke T. Agricultural intensification and biodiversity partitioning in European landscapes comparing plants, carabids, and birds. Ecol Appl 2011; 21:1772-1781. [PMID: 21830717 DOI: 10.1890/10-0645.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Effects of agricultural intensification (AI) on biodiversity are often assessed on the plot scale, although processes determining diversity also operate on larger spatial scales. Here, we analyzed the diversity of vascular plants, carabid beetles, and birds in agricultural landscapes in cereal crop fields at the field (n = 1350), farm (n = 270), and European-region (n = 9) scale. We partitioned diversity into its additive components alpha, beta, and gamma, and assessed the relative contribution of beta diversity to total species richness at each spatial scale. AI was determined using pesticide and fertilizer inputs, as well as tillage operations and categorized into low, medium, and high levels. As AI was not significantly related to landscape complexity, we could disentangle potential AI effects on local vs. landscape community homogenization. AI negatively affected the species richness of plants and birds, but not carabid beetles, at all spatial scales. Hence, local AI was closely correlated to beta diversity on larger scales up to the farm and region level, and thereby was an indicator of farm- and region-wide biodiversity losses. At the scale of farms (12.83-20.52%) and regions (68.34-80.18%), beta diversity accounted for the major part of the total species richness for all three taxa, indicating great dissimilarity in environmental conditions on larger spatial scales. For plants, relative importance of alpha diversity decreased with AI, while relative importance of beta diversity on the farm scale increased with AI for carabids and birds. Hence, and in contrast to our expectations, AI does not necessarily homogenize local communities, presumably due to the heterogeneity of farming practices. In conclusion, a more detailed understanding of AI effects on diversity patterns of various taxa and at multiple spatial scales would contribute to more efficient agri-environmental schemes in agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Flohre
- Agroecology, Department of Crop Science, Georg-August-University, Waldweg 26, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
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Geiger F, Bengtsson J, Berendse F, Weisser WW, Emmerson M, Morales MB, Ceryngier P, Liira J, Tscharntke T, Winqvist C, Eggers S, Bommarco R, Pärt T, Bretagnolle V, Plantegenest M, Clement LW, Dennis C, Palmer C, Oñate JJ, Guerrero I, Hawro V, Aavik T, Thies C, Flohre A, Hänke S, Fischer C, Goedhart PW, Inchausti P. Erratum to “Persistent negative effects of pesticides on biodiversity and biological control potential on European farmland” [Basic Appl. Ecol. 11 (2010) 97–105]. Basic Appl Ecol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2011.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Pärt T, Arlt D, Doligez B, Low M, Qvarnström A. Prospectors combine social and environmental information to improve habitat selection and breeding success in the subsequent year. J Anim Ecol 2011; 80:1227-35. [PMID: 21569028 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2011.01854.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
1. Because habitats have profound effects on individual fitness, there is strong selection for improving the choice of breeding habitat. One possible mechanism is for individuals to use public information when prospecting future breeding sites; however, to our knowledge, no study has shown prospecting behaviour to be directly linked to subsequent choice of breeding site and future reproductive success. 2. We collected long-term data on territory-specific prospecting behaviour and subsequent breeding in the short-lived northern wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe). Non-breeders established prospecting territories (<2 ha) that overlapped the breeding territories of conspecifics. We tested whether: (i) prospectors used social and environmental cues that predicted territory-specific breeding success in the following year, and (ii) the prospecting territory was tightly linked to the subsequent breeding territory of the prospector, and whether this link would be weakened by intraspecific competition with original territory owners if they also survived. 3. As expected, prospectors were attracted to a combination of site-specific cues that predicted future breeding success, i.e. short ground vegetation, a successfully breeding focal pair and successful close neighbours. 4. Prospecting behaviour was directly linked to the choice of the following year's breeding territory: 79% of surviving prospectors established a breeding territory at their prospecting site in the following year, with their breeding success being higher than other individuals of the same age. As predicted, fidelity to the prospected site was strongly dependent on whether the original territory owner of the same sex had died or moved. 5. Our findings suggest that the use of multiple cues reduces the negative impact of stochasticity on the reliability of social cues at small spatial scales (e.g. territories) and hence increases the probability of breeding success in the next year. Also, the use of conspecific attraction (i.e. the preference for breeding aggregations) is selectively advantageous because individuals are more likely to find a vacancy in an aggregation as compared to a solitary site. By extension, we hypothesize that species life-history traits may influence the spatial scale of prospecting behaviour and habitat selection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Pärt
- Department of Ecology, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7044, SE 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
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