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Shi J, Zheng DW, Ma XG, Su RY, Zhu YK, Wang SH, Chang WJ, Sun GQ, Sun DY. [ In vitro activity of β-lactamase inhibitors avibanvctam and relebactam in combination with β-lactams against multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis and mutations of resistance genes]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2023; 46:797-805. [PMID: 37536990 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20230111-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the activity of six β-lactams in combination with three β-lactamase inhibitors against mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB) in vitro. Methods: A total of 105 multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) strains from different regions of Henan province from January to September 2020 were included in this study. Drug activity of six β-lactams (biapenem, meropenem, imipenem, doripenem, ertapenem and tebipenem) alone or in combination with β-lactamase inhibitors (clavulanic acid, avibactam and relebactam) was examined by minimum inhibitory concentration method (MICs) against 105 clinical isolates. Mutations of blaC, ldtmt1 and ldtmt2 were analyzed by PCR and DNA sequencing. Chi-square test was used to compare the antimicrobial activities of different β-lactam drugs. Results: Out of the β-lactams used herein, tebipenem was the most effective against MDR-TB and had an MIC50 value of 8 mg/L(χ2=123.70,P=0.001). Besides, after the addition of β-lactamase inhibitors, the MICs of most β-lactam drugs were reduced more evidently in the presence of avibactam and relebactam compared to clavulanic acid.Especially, relebactam decreased both the MIC50 and MIC90 of telbipenem by 16-fold, and diluted the MIC of 23 (21.90%) and 41 (39.04%) isolatesby 32-fold and 16-fold.In addition, a total of 13.33% (14/105) of isolates harbored mutations in the blaC gene, with three different nucleotide substitutions: AGT333AGG, AAC638ACC and ATC786ATT. For the strains with Ser111Arg and Asn213Thr substitution in BlaC, the MIC values of the meropenem-clavulanate combination were reduced compared with a synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) group. Conclusions: Both avibactam and relebactam had better synergistic effects on β-lactams than clavulanic acid. The combination of tebipenem and relebactam showed the most potent activity against MDR-TB isolates. In addition, the Ser111Arg and Asn213Thr substitution of BlaC may be associated with an increased susceptibility of MDR-TB isolates to meropenem in the presence of clavulanate.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Shi
- Henan Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - D W Zheng
- Henan Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - X G Ma
- Henan Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - R Y Su
- Henan Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - Y K Zhu
- Henan Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - S H Wang
- Henan Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - W J Chang
- Henan Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - G Q Sun
- Henan Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - D Y Sun
- Henan Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
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Gao Q, Lin YP, Li BS, Wang GQ, Dong LQ, Shen BY, Lou WH, Wu WC, Ge D, Zhu QL, Xu Y, Xu JM, Chang WJ, Lan P, Zhou PH, He MJ, Qiao GB, Chuai SK, Zang RY, Shi TY, Tan LJ, Yin J, Zeng Q, Su XF, Wang ZD, Zhao XQ, Nian WQ, Zhang S, Zhou J, Cai SL, Zhang ZH, Fan J. Unintrusive multi-cancer detection by circulating cell-free DNA methylation sequencing (THUNDER): development and independent validation studies. Ann Oncol 2023; 34:486-495. [PMID: 36849097 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early detection of cancer offers the opportunity to identify candidates when curative treatments are achievable. The THUNDER study (THe UNintrusive Detection of EaRly-stage cancers, NCT04820868) aimed to evaluate the performance of ELSA-seq, a previously described cfDNA methylation-based technology, in the early detection and localization of six types of cancers in the colorectum, esophagus, liver, lung, ovary and pancreas. PATIENTS AND METHODS A customized panel of 161,984 CpG sites was constructed and validated by public and in-house (cancer: n=249; non-cancer: n=288) methylome data, respectively. The cfDNA samples from 1,693 participants (cancer: n=735; non-cancer: n=958) were retrospectively collected to train and validate two multi-cancer detection blood test models (MCDBT-1/2) for different clinical scenarios. The models were validated on a prospective and independent cohort of age-matched 1,010 participants (cancer: n=505; non-cancer: n=505). Simulation using the cancer incidence in China was applied to infer stage-shift and survival benefits to demonstrate the potential utility of the models in the real world. RESULTS MCDBT-1 yielded a sensitivity of 69.1% (64.8%‒73.3%), a specificity of 98.9% (97.6%‒99.7%) and tissue origin accuracy of 83.2% (78.7%‒87.1%) in the independent validation set. For early stage (I‒III) patients, the sensitivity of MCDBT-1 was 59.8% (54.4%‒65.0%). In the real-world simulation, MCDBT-1 achieved the sensitivity of 70.6% in detecting the six cancers, thus decreasing late-stage incidence by 38.7%‒46.4%, and increasing 5-year survival rate by 33.1%‒40.4%, respectively. In parallel, MCDBT-2 was generated at a slightly low specificity of 95.1% (92.8%-96.9%) but a higher sensitivity of 75.1% (71.9%-79.8%) than MCDBT-1 for populations at relatively high risk of cancers, and also had ideal performance. CONCLUSION In this large-scale clinical validation study, MCDBT-1/2 models showed a high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of predicted origin in detecting six types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Gao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y P Lin
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - B S Li
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - G Q Wang
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - L Q Dong
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - B Y Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 20025, China
| | - W H Lou
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - W C Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - D Ge
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Q L Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y Xu
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - J M Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - W J Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - P Lan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - P H Zhou
- Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - M J He
- Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - G B Qiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - S K Chuai
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - R Y Zang
- Ovarian Cancer Program, Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - T Y Shi
- Ovarian Cancer Program, Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - L J Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Q Zeng
- Health Management Institute, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - X F Su
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Linfen People's Hospital, Shanxi 041000, China
| | - Z D Wang
- Clinical Research Center, Linfen People's Hospital, Shanxi 041000, China
| | - X Q Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Linfen People's Hospital, Shanxi 041000, China
| | - W Q Nian
- Phase I ward, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - S Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - S L Cai
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Z H Zhang
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - J Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Guan YJ, Ren XQ, Zhan HS, Shen ZX, Liu KL, Chang WJ, Li Y, Chen W. [Formulation of expert consensus on clinical application of external ethnic medicine: taking Baimai Ointment as an example]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2023; 48:847-852. [PMID: 36872250 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20220712.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
The concept of ethnic medicine is divided into a broad sense and a narrow sense. The broad concept refers to the traditional medicine of the Chinese nation, and the narrow concept refers to the traditional medicine of Chinese ethnic minorities. The external medicine is one of the main forms of ethnic medicine, and it is also the important content of ethnic medicine for external use, which is widely used in clinical practice. As the theory of ethnic medicine is unique, the application methods have certain characteristics, which are the key technical parts of clinical practice. However, the existing traditional Chinese medicine consensus formulation me-thods cannot meet the needs of the consensus formulation of the external ethnic medicine. Therefore, the methods suitable for expert consensus on external ethnic medicine are required. This article took Expert opinion on clinical application of Baimai Ointment as an exa-mple, and explorde a reasonable, effective, multi-dimensional, and multi-stage method to formulate expert consensus on the external ethnic medicine. In this research, three-dimensional sources of information, including ancient classics, clinical research evidence, and expert application experiences, were systematically and scientifically collected. After organization and analysis, the information was formed into comprehensive evidence. In a formal consensus meeting, part of the recommendations reached consensus. As to the issues that did not reach agreement, in-depth interviews were used to explore the reasons for the differences and resolve the disagreements. Finally, unanimous recommendations were reached. There are common problems during the formulation process of Expert opinion on clinical application of Baimai Ointment. This study is expected to provide references for the formulation of expert consensus on other external ethnic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Guan
- Centre for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiao-Qiao Ren
- Minority Institute of Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hong-Sheng Zhan
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai 200021, China
| | - Zhi-Xiu Shen
- Tibet Cheezheng Tibetan Medicine Co., Ltd. Beijing 100102, China
| | - Kai-Lie Liu
- Tibet Cheezheng Tibetan Medicine Co., Ltd. Beijing 100102, China
| | - Wen-Jing Chang
- Centre for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yun Li
- Centre for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Centre for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029, China
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Wang ZJ, Trill J, Tan LL, Chang WJ, Zhang Y, Willcox M, Xia RY, Jiang Y, Moore M, Liu JP, Hu XY. Reynoutria japonica Houtt for Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Adults and Children: A Systematic Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:787032. [PMID: 35281919 PMCID: PMC8911541 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.787032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in some high-risk groups including children and older adults. There is evidence that Chinese herbal medicine has an effect on RTIs. Reynoutria japonica Houtt (better known under its synonym Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) Ronse Decr.) (F. japonica), a commonly used Chinese herbal medicine, has a high content of resveratrol and glycosides. In traditional Chinese medicine theory, F. japonica has the effect of clearing heat in the body, improving blood and qi circulation, eliminating phlegm, and relieving cough, so it may have an effect on RTIs. Methods: This systematic review was registered under PROSPERO CRD42020188604. Databases were searched for randomized controlled trials of F. japonica as a single herb, or as a component of a complex herbal formula for RTIs. Quality of methodology was assessed by two reviewers independently using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. The primary outcome was symptom improvement rate. The secondary outcome measures were fever clearance time, Murray lung injury score and incidence of adverse effects. The extracted data were pooled and meta-analysed by RevMan 5.3 software. Results: Eight RCTs with 1,123 participants with acute RTIs were included in this systematic review, and all the RCTs used F. japonica as part of a herbal mixture. Only one included trial used F. japonica in a herbal mixture without antibiotics in the treatment group. The findings showed that herbal remedies that included F. japonica could increase the symptom improvement rate (risk ratio 1.14, 95% confidence intervals [1.09, 1.20], I2 = 0%, p < 0.00001, n = 7 trials, 1,013 participants), shorten fever duration, reduce Murray lung injury score and did not increase adverse events (RR 0.33, 95% CI [0.11, 1.00], I2 = 0%, p = 0.05, n = 5 trials, 676 participants). Conclusion: There is limited but some evidence that F. japonica as part of a herbal mixture may be an effective and safe intervention for acute RTIs in clinical practice. In future studies it would be preferable to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of using F. japonica without antibiotics for acute RTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jie Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanxi Province Hospital of Tradition Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
- The Institute of Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jeanne Trill
- Primary Care Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Lin-Lin Tan
- The Institute of Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wen-Jing Chang
- Center for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Merlin Willcox
- Primary Care Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Ru-Yu Xia
- Center for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Center for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Michael Moore
- Primary Care Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jian-Ping Liu
- Center for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Yang Hu, ; Jian-Ping Liu,
| | - Xiao-Yang Hu
- Primary Care Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Yang Hu, ; Jian-Ping Liu,
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Chang WJ, Wang SY, Tang HH, Dong BL, Yang Q, Chen JY, Chen SH. Development of a micro-electrochemical machining nanosecond pulse power supply. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:024707. [PMID: 35232134 DOI: 10.1063/5.0076998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Micro-electrochemical machining (micro-ECM) has been widely used for microscale and nanoscale processing of materials. The performance of the nanosecond pulse power supply is directly related to the precision of micro-ECM, which is one of the core technologies for micro-ECM. In this work, a nanosecond pulse power supply, with adjustable pulse frequency, duty cycle, and voltage, was designed with an STM32F103VET6 single-chip microcomputer as the control core and a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor as the chopper switch component. The performance test has shown that the power supply can produce a continuous pulse with the highest frequency of 8 MHz, the shortest pulse width of 50 ns, the maximum peak current of 12 A, and the maximum voltage of 10 V. As compared with the power supply reported in the literature, the present power supply demonstrated the enhanced output current and improved waveform of the nanosecond pulse output, which could result in better machining accuracy and efficiency for micro-ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Chang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - S Y Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - H H Tang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - B L Dong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Q Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - J Y Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - S H Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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Guan YJ, Yang SH, Bai X, Chang WJ, Chen W. [Systematic review of efficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba extract 50 in treatment of ischemic stroke]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2021; 46:5977-5986. [PMID: 34951189 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20210519.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba extract 50(GBE50) in the treatment of ischemic stroke. The databases including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase, and Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trial(RCT) of GBE50 for the treatment of ischemic stroke reported between database inception and May 2020. The methodological quality of the included RCTs was evaluated via the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The RevMan 5.4 was used for Meta-analysis. Sixteen RCTs were included, involving 1 615 patients with acute ischemic stroke. Most of the included RCTs reported the methods of random sequence generation, but only two performed the concealment of random sequence. All RCTs failed in blinding. Two RCTs reported the information of cases lost to follow-up and drop-outs. Since the number was small, the baselines of groups remained balanced. All RCTs reported key outcomes of ischemic stroke, which made selective reporting bias in a low risk. Meta-analysis results revealed that GBE50 combined with routine therapies could effectively lower the score of the National Institutes of Health stroke scale(NIHSS) and restore cognitive function and daily activity in ischemic stroke patients. Compared with routine therapies, the combination is advantageous in treating patients with ischemic stroke. However, high-quality multicenter RCTs with large sample sizes are still required for verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Guan
- Centre for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029, China
| | - Si-Hong Yang
- Centre for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Centre for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wen-Jing Chang
- Centre for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Centre for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029, China
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Abstract
Surgical resection remains the only curative therapy for colorectal adenocarcinoma and liver metastasis. Synchronous robotic resection for colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) offers the advantage of avoiding double surgical stress, while providing the benefits of small incision, quicker recovery, shorter hospital stay and faster postoperative adjuvant therapy. Compared with the laparoscopic approach, robotic approach is mostly suitable for rectal cancer liver metastasis, which is associated with low conversion rate, good nerve protection, high success rate for major hepatectomy and resection of difficult segments. Appropriately selected patients, multidisciplinary cooperation and skillful robotic surgeons are the key to success. Current data have demonstrated the feasibility and safety of synchronous robotic resection for CRLM. With the coming randomized controlled trial data and evolution of robotic surgical system, the future of synchronous robotic resection for colorectal liver metastasis is promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - W J Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J M Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Jiang YX, Chang WJ, Zhan YD, Liu Z, Liu Y. [Investigation on the resistance of wheat germplasm resources to aphid based on fuzzy recognition and electrical penetration graph (EPG)techniques]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2020; 31:3248-3254. [PMID: 33314812 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202010.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the resistance of wheat germplasm resources with different genetic backgrounds to aphids by fuzzy recognition technique in field and electrical penetration graph (EPG) in laboratory, with the aim to find new aphid-resistance resource. Results from a two-year field experiment showed that most trititrigia had medium and low resistance, while most triticale were medium and low susceptible. The trititrigia 21 (medium resistance), trititrigia 22 (low resistance), triticale 31 (medium susceptable) and triticale 32 (low susceptable) with stable resistance traits and diffe-rent resistance levels were selected for feeding behavior analysis of Sitobion avenae. We analyzed the basic waveforms, including non-feeding wave (Np), probing wave (P), potential drop (Pd), secretion of water saliva wave (E1), phloem feeding wave (E2), cellular mechanical hindrance wave (F), and xylem feeding wave (G). The time for initial probe of S. avenae on trititrigia was significantly longer than that of triticale, while the duration of E1 wave on trititrigia was significantly longer than that of triticale. The duration of F wave on trititrigia 21 and the Np wave on the trititrigia 22 were the longest, while that of P wave on triticale 31 and the G wave on triticale 32 were the longest. Taking the durations of E1, F and Np waves as indices, the field identification on the resis-tance of wheat germplasm resources to aphid based on fuzzy recognition technique was basically consistent with that using EPG. Our results suggest that E1, F and Np waves could be used to evaluate the resistance levels of wheat to aphid. Tititrigia 21 and 22 were more resistant to aphid, which could be used as the germplasm for breeding aphid-resistance wheat varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Xiu Jiang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural Univer-sity, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Wen-Jing Chang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural Univer-sity, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yi-di Zhan
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural Univer-sity, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural Univer-sity, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural Univer-sity, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
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Zhang HJ, Chang WJ, Jia CY, Qiao L, Zhou J, Chen Q, Zheng XW, Zhang JH, Li HC, Yang ZY, Liu ZH, Liu GC, Ji SP, Lu F. Destrin Contributes to Lung Adenocarcinoma Progression by Activating Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:1789-1802. [PMID: 32878967 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer, especially lung adenocarcinoma, is one of the most common neoplasms worldwide. However, the mechanisms underlying its initiation, development, and metastasis are still poorly understood. Destrin (DSTN) is a member of ADF/cofilin family. Its detailed biological function remains unknown, although it is reported that DSTN is involved in cytoskeleton remodeling and regulation of actin filament turnover. Recent evidence has shown that high expression of cofilin-1 is associated with invasion and poor prognosis of several types of human tumors, but the detailed mechanism is still entirely unclear, particularly in lung cancer tumorigenesis and malignancy. Here, we report that DSTN was highly expressed in a mouse lung cancer model induced by urethane and in clinical lung adenocarcinoma tissue samples. Its expression level was positively correlated with cancer development, as well as metastasis to the liver and lymph nodes. Consistently, it was directly associated with the poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients. Furthermore, we also found that DSTN promotes cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in vitro, and facilitates subcutaneous tumor formation and lung metastasis via intravenous injection in vivo. Mechanically, DSTN associates with and facilitates nuclear translocation of β-catenin, which promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Taken together, our results indicated that DSTN enhances lung cancer malignancy through facilitating β-catenin nuclear translocation and inducing EMT. Combined with multivariate analyses, DSTN might potentially serve as a therapeutic target and an independent prognostic marker of lung adenocarcinoma. IMPLICATIONS: This finding indicates that DSTN facilitates β-catenin nuclear translocation and promotes malignancy in lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Juan Zhang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Jing Chang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China
| | - Cai-Yun Jia
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China
| | - Ling Qiao
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China
| | - Qing Chen
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zheng
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Puyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Puyang, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Hua Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Puyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Puyang, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Chao Li
- Department of Pathology, Puyang Oilfeld General Hospital, Puyang, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Yan Yang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Hua Liu
- Laboratory for NanoMedical Photonics, School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Chao Liu
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Ping Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China.
| | - Feng Lu
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China.
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10
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Chu GM, Li PP, Chang WJ, He R, Zhao YY. [Variant analysis on steroid 5-reductase type 2 deficiency caused by a novel SRD5A2 mutation]. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi 2020; 22:790-795. [PMID: 32669180 PMCID: PMC7389620 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.1912041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This article reported the clinical characteristics and SRD5A2 gene mutation pattern of a child with steroid 5-α reductase type 2 deficiency. The 2-month-old boy showed hypospadias and short penis shortly after birth. DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of the child and his parents. The endocrine disease-related genes were captured and sequenced by high-throughput sequencing technology, and the family DNA samples were verified by Sanger sequencing. The results showed that c.680G>A(p.R227Q) and c.608G>A(p.G203D) compound heterozygous mutations existed in the SRD5A2 gene of the child. The c.680G>A mutation inherited from his father, which was a known pathogenic mutation. The c.608G>A mutation originated from his mother, which was a novel mutation discovered in this study. These results provide molecular evidence for the etiological diagnosis of the child and genetic counseling for the family, as well as extend the mutation spectrum of SRD5A2 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Ming Chu
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
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11
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Chang WJ, Li ZJ, Zhou YZ, Zeng H. [Heavy metal pollution and comprehensive ecological risk assessment of surface soil in diffe-rent functional areas of Shenzhen, China]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2020; 31:999-1007. [PMID: 32537997 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202003.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
To explore the impact of urban functional zones on surface soil metal pollution, we analyzed the concentrations and pollution status of eight heavy metals (i.e., Mn, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, and As) in surface soils from various urban functional zones of Shenzhen City. Nemero index and potential ecological hazard indices were used to quantify the ecological risk levels of different heavy metals in different urban functional zones. Moreover, we spatially classified ecological risk zones for soil heavy metal pollution. Results showed that: 1) concentrations of Cd, Zn, Cu, and As in the surface soil were heavily impacted by human activities, while those of Mn, Ni, Cr, and Pb were not. High-intensity urbanization and industrialization with the constraints of physical environment were identified as the determining factors for regional and functional variation of heavy metal pollution. 2) Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu had high pollution risks in the surface soils, with Pb having the highest risk, which necessitated further management and control of heavy metals. The overall level of heavy metal pollution risk in the surface soils of Shenzhen was higher than that of other cities in China. 3) Nemero index and potential ecological hazard indices had different emphases in terms of assessing the risk level of heavy metals. Those indices showed different performances in the risk assessment of single heavy metal, overall ecological risks in the different urban functional zones, and ecological risk classification of heavy metal pollution in the urban surface soils. We suggest that those indices should be combined to provide more holistic information about urban heavy metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Chang
- Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Li
- Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan-Zi Zhou
- Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China.,College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100101, China
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12
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Chang WJ, Jiang YD, Xu JM. [Experience of teaching and training for medical students at gastrointestinal surgery department under COVID-19 epidemic situation]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2020; 23:616-618. [PMID: 32521987 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200603-00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In hospitals and medical schools as densely populated sites with high risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it is vital to adjust the teaching and training strategy for medical students to ensure curriculum completion with safety. This article aims to introduce the experience of teaching and training for medical students under the epidemic situation at Department of Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University and Zhongshan Hospital. The content includes exploring diversified online teaching models for undergraduate surgery courses and clinical practice, carrying out online graduate education and dissertation plans, and strengthening comprehensive education of medical humanity combined with knowledge of COVID-19 prevention. Through implementation of the above teaching strategies, scheduled learning plans of medical students can be well completed in an orderly, safe and quality-ensured manner. Our experience provides practical solution of medical teaching and could be advisable for other medical colleges and teaching hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y D Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J M Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China
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13
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Chen JW, Chang WJ, Zhang ZY, He GD, Feng QY, Zhu DX, Yi T, Lin Q, Wei Y, Xu JM. [Risk factors of anastomotic leakage after robotic surgery for low and mid rectal cancer]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2020; 23:364-369. [PMID: 32306604 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200212-00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the risk factors associated with anastomotic leakage after robotic surgery in mid-low rectal cancer. Methods: A retrospective case-control study method was conducted. Inclusion criteria: (1) 18 to 80 years old; (2) pathologically confirmed rectal cancer; (3) distance <10 cm from tumor to anal margin; (4) robotic anterior rectal resection. Patients with previous history of colorectal cancer surgery, distant metastases or other malignant tumors, undergoing emergency surgery, with severe abdominal adhesions or those receiving combined organ resection were excluded. Based on the above criteria, 636 patients undergoing robotic radical sphincter-preserving surgery for mid-low rectal cancer in Zhongshan Hospital from January 2015 to December 2018 were included in this study, including 398 males (62.6%) and 238 females (37.4%) with a mean age of (61.9±11.3) years. Sixty-eight cases (10.7%) received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Amony the 636 included patients, 123(19.3%) underwent natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) and 15 (2.3%) underwent preventive stoma. According to the cirteria developed by the International Rectal Cancer Research Group in 2010, the anastomotic leakage was classified as grade A (no requirement of intervention), B (requirement of intervention), and C (requirement of operation). Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between anastomotic leakage and clinicopathological factors. Factors in univariate analysis with P<0.05 were included in the multivariate analysis. Results: Anastomotic leakage occurred in 38 cases (6.0%). The grading of anastomotic leakage was grade A in 13 cases (2.0%), grade B in 19 cases (3.0%), and grade C in 6 cases (0.9%). The 3-year disease-free survival rate of patients with anastomotic leakage and without anastomotic leakage was 83.5% and 83.6% respectively (P=0.862); the 3-year overall survival rate of the two group was 85.1% and 87.5% respectively (P=0.296). The results of univariate logistic regression analysis showed that male (P=0.011), longer operation time (P=0.042), distance ≤5 cm from tumor to anal margin (P=0.012), more intraoperative blood loss (P=0.048) were associated with anastomotic leakage (all P<0.05). NOSES was not associated with anastomotic leakage (P=0.704). Multivariate analysis confirmed that male (OR=3.03, 95%CI: 1.37 to 7.14, P=0.010), operation time ≥180 minutes (OR=2.04, 95%CI: 1.03 to 3.99, P=0.040), distance ≤5 cm from tumor to anal margin (OR=2.56, 95%CI:1.28 to 5.26, P=0.008) were independent risk factors for anastomotic leakage. Conclusion: Male, short distance from tumor to anal margin, and long operation time are independent risk factors for anastomotic leakage in patients undergoing robotic mid-low rectal cancer radical surgeries. These patients need to be cautiously treated during surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - W J Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Z Y Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - G D He
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Q Y Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - D X Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - T Yi
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Q Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J M Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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14
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Chang WJ, Shao HM, Zhi XY, Xu J, Xie J. [Sub-health status of middle school teachers and its correlation analysis with occupational stress]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2018; 35:585-588. [PMID: 29081126 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the distribution of sub-health and occupational stress as well as their correlation among middle school teachers in Tianjin, then provide evidences for prevention and control of the status of sub-health. Methods: A total of 3 522 middle school teachers from six districts of Tianjin were recruited with stratified cluster sampling strategy for the investigation of Sub-Health Measurement Scale version 1.0 (SHMS V1.0) and Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised Edition (OSI-R) . Results: Detection rate of sub-health status among Tianjin middle school teachers was 58.55%. Men had significantly lower sub-health detection rate (55.19%) than women (59.71%) . Sub-health detection rate increased with age (P<0.05) , the sub-health detection rate among middle school teachers more than 50 years old was the highest (66.84%) . The mean score of OSI-R was 403.18±41.80 with the scores of 176.00±21.05, 103.17±17.53, and 124.02±20.28 for ORQ, PSQ, PRQ, respectively, which showed significantly difference compared with the occupational stress norm of China (P<0.001) . The mean scores of OSI-R, ORQ, PSQ, PRQ in different health status were significantly different (P<0.001) . The partial correlation analysis between the scores of sub-health and occupational stress of middle school teachers showed that the scores of occupational role and personal strain were negatively correlated with the scores of sub-health state (P< 0.001) , while, there was significantly positive correlation between the scores of personal resource and the scores of sub-health state (P<0.001) . Conclusion: Sub-health detection rate of middle school teachers in Tianjin is higher. Effective measures should be taken to appropriately mitigate the occupational stress level of middle school teachers, increase personal resources, and scientific and effective health guidance and education should be strengthened.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Chang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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15
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Song YH, Cai H, Zhao ZM, Chang WJ, Gu N, Cao SP, Wu ML. Icariin attenuated oxidative stress induced-cardiac apoptosis by mitochondria protection and ERK activation. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:1089-1094. [PMID: 27551754 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study showed that Icariin (ICA) has anti-cardiac hypertrophy effect in rats with an unknown mechanism. In the present study, we aimed to clarify the cardiac protective effect and mechanism of ICA in vitro. H9C2 cardiac myocytes were incubated with H2O2 to build up the oxidative stress injury model. The results showed that pre-treatment of ICA protected cells against the toxicity induced by H2O2. H2O2 treatment significantly reduced H2O2-induced apoptosis, evidenced by lower Annexin V/PI stained cells and less PARP and caspase-3/9 activation. Mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) dissipation occurred following the exposure of H2O2, which could be prevented by ICA treatment. Moreover, Ca2+ homeostasis was preserved by ICA and ROS generation was significantly suppressed by ICA incubation. Interestingly, ICA treatment increased the phosphorylation of upstream ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) while ERK inhibitor U1026 could reverse the protective effect of ICA. Overall, ICA seems to protect the cardiac cells from oxidative stress injury through ROS scavenge and stimulation of ERK pathway which may explain its effects in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Hong Song
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinling Road, Nanjing 210001, China
| | - Hui Cai
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, 305 Zhongshandong Road, Nanjing 210002, China.
| | - Zhi-Ming Zhao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, 305 Zhongshandong Road, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Wen-Jing Chang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, 305 Zhongshandong Road, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Ning Gu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinling Road, Nanjing 210001, China
| | - Shou-Pei Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinling Road, Nanjing 210001, China
| | - Meng-Ling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinling Road, Nanjing 210001, China
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16
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Chang WJ, Niu XP, Hou RX, Li JQ, Liu RF, Wang Q, Wang CF, Li XH, Yin GH, Zhang KM. LITAF, HHEX, and DUSP1 expression in mesenchymal stem cells from patients with psoriasis. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:15793-801. [PMID: 26634547 DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.1.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease, in which mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been hypothesized to play an important role in abnormal localized inflammation and vascular proliferation observed in skin lesions. Previous studies have revealed abnormal gene expression patterns, DNA methylation status, and cytokine secretion of MSCs in psoriatic skin lesions, as well as some gene expression abnormalities related to inflammation and angiogenesis. We further verified the gene and protein expressions of inflammation-related lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha transcription factor (LITAF), dual-specificity protein phosphatase 1 (DUSP1), and angiogenesis-related hematopoietically expressed homeobox (HHEX) in MSCs derived from the skin lesions of psoriasis patients. The gene expression of LITAF, DUSP1, and HHEX in dermal MSCs was measured at the mRNA level using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and the corresponding protein expression levels were analyzed by western blotting analysis. The gene and protein expression levels of LITAF, HHEX, and DUSP1 in dermal MSCs were significantly lower in psoriasis patients compared to controls. Amplification and western blotting results were consistent with our previously reported gene chip data. Our results suggest that dermal MSCs in psoriatic skin lesions may be involved in the development, progression, and regulation of localized inflammatory abnormalities by reducing the expression of LITAF, HHEX, and DUSP1, which are related to inflammation and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Chang
- Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Central Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - X P Niu
- Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Central Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - R X Hou
- Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Central Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - J Q Li
- Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Central Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - R F Liu
- Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Central Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Q Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Central Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - C F Wang
- Institute of Central Laboratory, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - X H Li
- Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Central Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - G H Yin
- Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Central Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - K M Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Central Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
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17
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Chen ZX, Ni HG, Jing X, Chang WJ, Sun JL, Zeng H. Plant uptake, translocation, and return of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons via fine root branch orders in a subtropical forest ecosystem. Chemosphere 2015; 131:192-200. [PMID: 25863163 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Fine roots of woody plants are a heterogeneous system differing markedly in structure and function. Nevertheless, knowledge about the plant uptake of organic pollutants via fine roots is scarce to date. In the present study, plant uptake, translocation, and return of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) via fine roots in a subtropical forest ecosystem were investigated. Levels of Σ15PAHs in different fine root branch orders of Michelia macclurei, Cryptocarya concinna, Cryptocarya chinensis, and Canthium dicoccums varied from 5072±1419 ng g(-1) to 6080±1656 ng g(-1), 4037±410 ng g(-1) to 6101±972 ng g(-1), 3308±1191 ng g(-1) to 4283±237 ng g(-1), and 3737±800 ng g(-1) to 4895±1216 ng g(-1), respectively. Overall, concentrations of low-molecular-weight PAHs with 2-3 aromatic rings were higher than high-molecular-weight PAHs with 4-6 aromatic rings in all fine root branch orders. There were obvious translocations of PAHs between adjacent branch orders and a net accumulation of PAHs may occur in the fourth- and fifth-order roots. The storage of PAHs in the fine root system showed an obvious increasing trend along the branch orders ascending for all tree species. The return flux of PAHs via fine roots mortality showed an obvious decreasing trend with the branch orders ascending across the four tree species. Lower order roots contributed greatly to the total PAHs return flux. Our results indicated that fine roots turnover is an effective pathway for perennial tree species to remove environmental toxicants absorbed into them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Xia Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Circular Economy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hong-Gang Ni
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Circular Economy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xin Jing
- Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wen-Jing Chang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Circular Economy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jian-Lin Sun
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Circular Economy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Hui Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Circular Economy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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18
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Sun JL, Jing X, Chang WJ, Chen ZX, Zeng H. Cumulative health risk assessment of halogenated and parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons associated with particulate matters in urban air. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2015; 113:31-37. [PMID: 25483369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HPAHs) have been reported to occur widely in urban air. Nevertheless, knowledge about the human health risk associated with inhalation exposure to HPAHs is scarce so far. In the present study, nine HPAHs and 16 PAHs were determined in atmospheric particulate matter (PM) collected from Shenzhen, China to address this issue. Concentrations of Σ9HPAHs varied from 0.1 to 1.5 ng/m(3) and from 0.09 to 0.4 ng/m(3) in PM10 and PM2.5 samples, respectively. As for individuals, 9-bromoanthracene, 7-bromobenz(a)anthracene, and 9,10-dibromoanthracene were the dominant congeners. Levels of Σ16PAHs in PM10 and PM2.5 samples ranged from 3.2 to 81 ng/m(3) and from 2.8 to 85 ng/m(3), respectively. Among individual PAHs, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, and indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene were the main congeners. According to the season, concentrations of HPAHs and PAHs in atmospheric PM10/PM2.5 samples show a similar decreasing trend with an order: winter>autumn>spring>summer. The daily intake (DI) of PM10/PM2.5-bound HPAHs and PAHs were estimated. Our results indicated that children have the highest DI levels via inhalation exposure. The incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) induced by PM10/PM2.5-bound HPAHs and PAHs were calculated. The ILCR values showed a similar decreasing trend with an order: adults>children>seniors>adolescent. Overall, the ILCR values induced by HPAHs and PAHs were far below the priority risk level (10(-4)), indicating no obvious cancer risk. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the human health risk associated with inhalation exposure to PM10/PM2.5-bound HPAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Lin Sun
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Circular Economy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xin Jing
- Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wen-Jing Chang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Circular Economy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zheng-Xia Chen
- Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Circular Economy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Zhang H, Chang WJ, Li XY, Zhang N, Kong JJ, Wang YF. Liver cancer stem cells are selectively enriched by low-dose cisplatin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 47:478-82. [PMID: 24770568 PMCID: PMC4086174 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20143415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has indicated the importance of cancer stem cells in
carcinogenesis. The goal of the present study was to determine the effect of low-dose
cisplatin on enriched liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs). Human hepatoblastoma HepG2
cells were treated with concentrations of cisplatin ranging from 1 to 5 μg/mL. Cell
survival and proliferation were evaluated using a tetrazolium dye (MTT) assay. LCSCs
were identified using specific markers, namely aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH1) and
CD133. The percentage of ALDH1+ or CD133+ cells was examined by flow cytometric
analysis. The expression of ALDH1 and/or CD133 in HepG2 cells was determined by
immunocytochemical analysis. Low-dose cisplatin treatment significantly decreased
cell survival in HepG2 cells after 24 or 72 h. However, the percentage of LCSCs in
the surviving cells was greatly increased. The percentage of ALDH1+ or CD133+ cells
was increased in a time- and dose-dependent manner after treatment with 1-4 μg/mL
cisplatin, whereas 5 μg/mL cisplatin exposure slightly reduced the number of positive
cells. These findings indicate that low-dose cisplatin treatment may efficiently
enrich the LCSC population in HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - W J Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - X Y Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - N Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - J J Kong
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Y F Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Ding C, Chang WJ, Zeng H, Ni HG. Field and modeling study of PBDEs uptake by three tree species. Sci Total Environ 2014; 472:923-928. [PMID: 24342099 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.11.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Revised: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A quantitative model was developed to predict the contributions of various pathways of taking up polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) into leaves of three evergreen tree species, including soil-root-leaf pathway, soil-air-leaf pathway, and gaseous deposition. The contributions of soil-root-leaf pathway were negligible for PBDE accumulation in leaves. Soil-air-leaf pathway accounted for 16.3% and 3.8% of the total BDE-28 and BDE-47 levels in leaves, respectively; but for the PBDE congeners with log KAW≤-4 and log KOA>11, this pathway was ignorable. The contributions of gaseous deposition varied widely, accounting for 10%-50% for BDE-28, 100, 153, 154, and 183, 34%-96% for BDE-47, and <5% for BDE-209 of the measured concentrations in leaves of the three tree species. Therefore, direct atmosphere deposition without the influence of soil volatilization was a significant pathway for foliar uptake of BDE-47, 99, 100, 153, 154, and 183 on a background of low contaminated soil. For BDE-209, atmospheric particulate deposition dominates its foliar uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ding
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Circular Economy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wen-Jing Chang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Circular Economy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Circular Economy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hong-Gang Ni
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Circular Economy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Lu SY, Chang WJ, Sojinu SO, Ni HG. Bisphenol A in supermarket receipts and its exposure to human in Shenzhen, China. Chemosphere 2013; 92:1190-1194. [PMID: 23484460 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.01.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Paper receipt has been documented as one major source of bisphenol A (BPA) for human exposure but little has been done by researchers to elaborate the potential health risk caused by handling paper receipt up to date. In the present study, BPA was analyzed in 42 supermarket receipts collected from Shenzhen, China. BPA was detected in all samples at concentrations ranging from 2.58 to 14.7mgg(-1). In most cases, the total amount of BPA on the receipt was at least one thousand times the amount found in the epoxy lining of a food can, another controversial use of the chemical. The estimated daily intakes (EDI) of BPA via handling of supermarket receipt ranged from 2 to 347μgday(-1) (mean, 40.4μgday(-1)) for a supermarket cashier and from 0.24 to 3.98μgday(-1) (mean, 0.69μgday(-1)) for general population. Based on the cumulative probability distribution of the calculated daily exposure to BPA via handling supermarket receipt, the EDI at the 0.1th and 1th percentile for supermarket cashier and general population, were already larger than 100ng (kgbw)(-1)day(-1), while at the 0.2th and 71th percentile, the EDI for both populations reached 1000ng (kgbw)(-1)day(-1). Considering the adverse endocrine disruptive effects of BPA and the dosage exposure level (from tens to hundreds ng (kgbw)(-1)day(-1)), human exposure to BPA in Shenzhen deserves more attention. Sensitivity analysis result showed that the handling time and frequency of supermarket receipts are the most important variables that contributed to most of the total variance of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-You Lu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Park S, Kim IR, Baek KK, Lee SJ, Chang WJ, Maeng CH, Hong JY, Choi MK, Kim YS, Sun JM, Ahn JS, Park K, Jo J, Jung SH, Ahn MJ. Prospective analysis of quality of life in elderly patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:1630-9. [PMID: 23393122 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mds649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the more comorbidities with a decline in physiologic reserve, it can be challenging to make appropriate treatment decisions in the elderly. PATIENTS AND METHODS Here, we prospectively evaluated and compared the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of patients aged ≥ 65 with aged <65 who were treated with a postoperative chemotherapy for completely resected stage Ib, II or IIIa non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Either four cycles of paclitaxel (Taxol)-carboplatin (PC) or vinorelbine-cisplatin (NP) was used. The HRQOL was assessed with EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-LC13. RESULTS Between October 2008 and October 2011, a total of 139 patients (aged <65, n = 73; ≥ 65, n = 66) were enrolled, and 127 (91.4%) completed the questionnaire. Overall, the quality of life (QOL) in elderly patients did not significantly deteriorate with adjuvant chemotherapy and the time trend of QOL in elderly patients was similar to that of younger patients. Although the elderly suffered from increased treatment-related adverse events involving sore mouth, peripheral neuropathy and alopecia compared with the baseline, the same time trends were also observed in younger group. The mean dose intensities (MDIs) for PC and NP regimen were not significantly different between the two age groups. CONCLUSIONS Postoperative chemotherapy did not substantially reduce HRQOL in elderly NSCLC patients, and HRQOL during and after adjuvant chemotherapy did not significantly differ by age.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Ni HG, Cao SP, Chang WJ, Zeng H. Incidence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in central air conditioner filter dust from a new office building. Environ Pollut 2011; 159:1957-1962. [PMID: 21497428 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2010] [Revised: 11/23/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study examined polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in central air conditioner filter (CACF) dust from a new office building in Shenzhen, China. Human exposure to PBDE via dust inhalation and ingestion were also estimated. PBDEs level in CACF dust was lower than those in the other countries and regions. Approximately 0.671 pg/kg bw/day PM(2.5) (Particulate Matter up to 2.5 μm in size) bounded Σ(15)PBDEs can be inhaled deep into the lungs and 4.123 pg/kg bw/day PM(10) (Particulate Matter up to 10 μm in size) bounded Σ(15)PBDEs tend to be deposited in the upper parts of the respiratory system. The average total intake of Σ(15)PBDEs via dust inhalation and ingestion for adults reached ∼ 141 pg/kg bw/day in this building. This value was far below the reference dose (RfD) recommended by United States Environmental Protection Agency. Human exposure to PBDEs via dust inhalation and ingestion in the new building is less than the old ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Gang Ni
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Circular Economy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Lo YJ, Chang WJ, Lee SY, Chang KJ, Lin CT, Huang HM. Reductions in the effects of damping on stress concentration in premolars by post-endodontic restorations: a non-linear finite element study. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2009; 223:555-65. [PMID: 19623909 DOI: 10.1243/09544119jeim538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to measure the structural damping constants of premolars after treatment with a cast Co-Cr post-core system or permanent root filling, and to evaluate the stress damping effects of these restored premolars. Both the damping ratio and the natural frequency (NF) of the cast Co-Cr post-core restored premolars and the permanent root-filled premolars were detected by in-vitro NF testing experiments. Unprepared premolars served as the control. The damping constants beta of the samples were calculated from the measured damping ratios and natural frequencies. The measured damping constants beta of the test premolars were then used for dynamic finite element (FE) analyses. Stress contours and damping effects of stresses in each treated type of premolar were computed and compared using ANSYS. The measured damping constants beta were 0.75 x 10(-5) for the unprepared premolars, 0.69 x 10(-5) for the root-filled premolars with coronal restoration, and 0.72 x 10(-5) for the cast Co-Cr post-core restored premolars. The unprepared intact premolars demonstrated the highest stress dissipation effects with a ratio of 29.3 per cent at the middle root opposite to the loading side. However, no stress dissipation effects were found in the premolars that had been restored with the cast Co-Cr post-core system. The FE analysis showed that metallic post treatment attenuated the damping properties of the premolar. The effects of damping on stress concentration were significantly lower in restored premolars than in untreated vital premolars. These findings suggest that future research on post material should take the damping property into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Lo
- Dental Department of Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Republic of China
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Huang SW, Jeng HT, Lin JY, Chang WJ, Chen JM, Lee GH, Berger H, Yang HD, Liang KS. Electronic structure of pyrochlore Cd(2)Re(2)O(7). J Phys Condens Matter 2009; 21:195602. [PMID: 21825493 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/21/19/195602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Detailed band structure calculations have been performed for Cd(2)Re(2)O(7) in high-, middle- and low-temperature (T) phases. The calculations are based on the observed lattice structures from x-ray diffraction measurements. The spin-orbit interaction is incorporated self-consistently in both the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and the GGA plus Hubbard U (GGA+U) approaches. It is found that the on-site U has negligible effects on the Re 5d band structures; therefore both the GGA and GGA+U Re 5d band energies agree well with the observed O K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) spectrum, whereas the Cd 4d band energy observed from photoemission spectroscopy can only be correctly reproduced by GGA+U calculations, indicating the relatively itinerant Re 5d and localized Cd 4d electrons. On the other hand, the spin-orbit coupling gives rise to nontrivial spin and orbital magnetic moments for the middle- T phase. Most unexpectedly, we found that the low- T phase exhibits quasi-two-dimensional Fermi surfaces. The calculated carrier numbers for the three phases are, at least qualitatively, consistent with the measured Hall coefficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Wen Huang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan. Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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Liang CT, Wu SC, Huang YT, Lin YC, Chang WJ, Chou JY, Liang SC, Liu CH. Immunohistochemical diagnosis of mouse hepatitis virus and mycoplasma pulmonis infection with murine antiserum. J Comp Pathol 2004; 131:214-20. [PMID: 15276861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2004.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2003] [Accepted: 04/07/2004] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study established a modified alkaline phosphatase-labelled avidin-biotin-complex (ABC-AP) method for diagnosis of mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) and Mycoplasma pulmonis infection from formalin-fixed, paraffin wax-embedded sections, murine antibody-positive serum being used as the primary reagent. With this method, MHV antigen in cAnNCrj.Cg-Foxn1(nu)/Foxn1(nu) mice and M. pulmonis antigen in Wistar rats were immunolabelled in tissue sections. MHV antigen was clearly detected in samples of liver, stomach, caecal and colonic mucosa, and spleen. M. pulmonis antigen was demonstrated on the luminal surface of bronchiolar epithelial cells. This method may prove useful in diagnosis when commercial antisera are unavailable or when immunosuppression prevents serological diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Liang
- National Laboratory Animal Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Nan-Kang, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
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Chang WJ, Alvarez-Gonzalez R. The sequence-specific DNA binding of NF-kappa B is reversibly regulated by the automodification reaction of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:47664-70. [PMID: 11577079 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m104666200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that the synthesis of protein-bound ADP-ribose polymers catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) regulates eucaryotic gene expression, including the NF-kappaB-dependent pathway. Here, we report the molecular mechanism by which PARP-1 activates the sequence-specific binding of NF-kappaB to its oligodeoxynucleotide. We co-incubated pure recombinant human PARP-1 and the p50 subunit of NF-kappaB (NF-kappaB-p50) in the presence or absence of betaNAD+ in vitro. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that, when PARP-1 was present, NF-kappaB-p50 DNA binding was dependent on the presence of betaNAD+. DNA binding by NF-kappaB-p50 was not efficient in the absence of betaNAD+. In fact, the binding was not efficient in the presence of 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB) either. Thus, we conclude that NF-kappaB-p50 DNA binding is protein-poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation dependent. Co-immunoprecipitation and immunoblot analysis revealed that PARP-1 physically interacts with NF-kappaB-p50 with high specificity in the absence of betaNAD+. Because NF-kB-p50 was not an efficient covalent target for poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, our results are consistent with the conclusion that the auto-poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation reaction catalyzed by PARP-1 facilitates the binding of NF-kappaB-p50 to its DNA by inhibiting the specific protein.protein interactions between NF-kappaB-p50 and PARP-1. We also report the activation of NF-kappaB DNA binding by the automodification reaction of PARP-1 in cultured HeLa cells following exposure to H(2)O(2). In these experiments, preincubation of HeLa cells with 3-AB, prior to oxidative damage, strongly inhibited NF-kappaB activation in vivo as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Chang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibility of using natural frequency (NF) analysis to detect the attachment loss of periodontal tissue. In this study, 698 anterior teeth were examined by a conventional probing method and also by NF analysis. The teeth were triggered to vibrate with an impulse hammer, and the vibrational response was detected by an acoustic sensor. Our results demonstrate no significant difference in NF values between the upper-lower/left-right quadrants of the tested teeth, although the mean natural frequency value of central incisors with periodontal disease was found to be 1.24 +/- 0.11 kHz which is significantly lower than that of teeth in a healthy condition (1.34 +/- 0.20kHz; p < 0.01). On the other hand, the mean frequency for periodontal disease involving canines (1.28 +/- 0.09 kHz) was also significantly lower than the corresponding value for healthy analogs (1.35 +/- 0.17 kHz; p < 0.05). These results suggest that NF analysis appears to be an effective method for assessing the periodontal condition of anterior teeth. Moreover, since this method is noninvasive, nondestructive, and necessitates minimal tooth contact, it can serve as an effective method for the early quantifiable testing and prevention of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
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29
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Shi YQ, Fukai T, Sakagami H, Chang WJ, Yang PQ, Wang FP, Nomura T. Cytotoxic flavonoids with isoprenoid groups from Morus mongolica. J Nat Prod 2001; 64:181-188. [PMID: 11429996 DOI: 10.1021/np000317c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A new pyranoflavanone, sanggenol L (1), a Diels-Alder type adduct regarded as a cycloaddition product of a dehydrogeranylflavanone and a prenylchalcone, sanggenol M (2), along with four new 2-arylbenzofurans with isoprenoid units, mulberrofurans W-Z (3-6), were isolated together with 10 known flavonoids from Chinese Morus mongolica. The structures of these novel compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. All flavanones investigated here showed higher cytotoxicity against human oral tumor cell lines (HSC-2 and HSG) than against normal human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). Among them, the cytotoxicity of compound 2 and the Diels-Alder type flavanone sanggenon C (7) isolated from Morus cathayana were the most potent. On the other hand, seven 2-arylbenzofurans exhibited lower cytotoxicity and tumor specificity as compared with flavanones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Q Shi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
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Wu SG, Jeng FR, Wei SY, Su CZ, Chung TC, Chang WJ, Chang HW. Red blood cell osmotic fragility in chronically hemodialyzed patients. Nephron Clin Pract 2000; 78:28-32. [PMID: 9453400 DOI: 10.1159/000044878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic renal failure induces anemia and a short erythrocyte life span. Red blood cell (RBC) osmotic fragility is the resistance of RBC hemolysis to osmotic changes that is used to evaluate RBC friability. To find the cause of shortened red cell survival in uremic patients, we evaluated the RBC osmotic fragility in 57 chronic hemodialyzed patients. Each patient had received 12 h of dialysis per week continuously prior to being enrolled in the study. Nineteen healthy volunteers served as a control group. Biochemistry, hemoglobin, electrolyte, osmolarity, beta2-microglobulin, and intact parathyroid hormone were examined before and after the dialysis session. To evaluate the osmotic fragility of RBC, blood samples were collected in heparinized test tubes. Fifty microliters of the RBC of each individual was then incubated in solutions containing a series of various concentrations of NaCl ranging from 0 to 0.6%. The concentration of NaCl at which 50% of RBCs were lysed was considered the median osmotic fragility (MOF). The results showed that the MOF was significantly greater in hemodialyzed patients before dialysis than in the control group (0.41 +/- 0.03 vs. 0.39 +/- 0.02%). The osmotic resistance to hemolysis was also recorded after dialysis (MOF 0.38 +/- 0.03%). Correlation analysis showed that the MOF was significantly correlated with urea nitrogen, serum osmolarity, and intact parathyroid hormone level. In addition, the osmotic fragility was higher in patients who had a predialysis intact parathyroid hormone level > 100 pg/dl. In conclusion, hemodialysis can improve the osmotic fragility. The mechanism underlying this improvement may be the removal of low molecular weight uremic toxins, resulting in normalization of serum osmolarity. Our results indicate that parathyroid hormone is probably a major factor influencing RBC osmotic fragility in chronic renal failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Municipal General Hospital for Women and Children, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Chang WJ, Tse DT, Bressler KL, Casiano RR, Rosa RH, Johnson TE. Diagnosis and management of allergic fungal sinusitis with orbital involvement. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2000; 16:72-4. [PMID: 10674740 DOI: 10.1097/00002341-200001000-00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) is a noninvasive disease characterized by recurrent sinusitis. This condition is commonly treated with surgical debridement and several months of systemic corticosteroids. The treatment of AFS is examined in this study. METHODS A retrospective case series of three patients with AFS. RESULTS All three patients were treated with surgical debridement and less than one month of systemic corticosteroids. The patients then were treated with intranasal corticosteroids and monitored closely. Antifungal therapy was not used. All three patients remained disease-free during follow-up ranging from 12 months to 36 months. CONCLUSIONS Surgical debridement and systemic corticosteroids for less than four weeks followed by intranasal corticosteroids may provide long-term control of AFS. Additional study is recommended to examine further the optimal treatment for AFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Florida 33136, USA
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Chen CH, Yang CT, Chang WJ, Liaw CC, Tsao TC. The effects of two different cisplatin-based chemotherapy regimens on advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Changgeng Yi Xue Za Zhi 1999; 22:220-6. [PMID: 10493026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many different cisplatin-based regimens have been used on advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in previous studies but there have been few such references in Taiwan. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of two different regimens including 5-Fluorouracil, Leucovorin, Etoposide and cisPlatin (FLEP) and cisPlatin, Etoposide and Mitomycin (PEM) in the treatment of patients with advanced NSCLC. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the records of 44 patients with NSCLC who met the selection criteria from February 1995 through April 1998. All of them were confirmed, using histologic tests, that they were in advanced stages, i.e. stage IIIB or IV. Twenty-two patients received FLEP and 22 patients received PEM. RESULTS Three patients with FLEP therapy and 3 patients with PEM therapy had partial response. No patient had complete response. The response rate was 13.6% in both groups, respectively. The median survival was 160 +/- 30 (median + SD) days for patients with FLEP therapy and 263 +/- 104 days for patients with PEM therapy. The factors that were associated with longer survival in all patients included response (Stable Disease vs Disease Progression p = 0.004, Partial Response vs Disease Progression p = 0.047) and regimen of chemotherapy (PEM vs FLEP p = 0.008). The major clinically significant toxicity was myelosupression. CONCLUSION The responses to regimens, FLEP and PEM, were low in our study groups that might be due to the low dose of cisplatin and etoposide in our regimens. The patients with response to chemotherapy and PEM therapy had longer median survival than those who underwent FLEP therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Chen
- First Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the clinical characteristics and management of periocular infections caused by atypical mycobacteria. DESIGN Retrospective, noncomparative case series. PARTICIPANTS Six patients were identified with periocular atypical mycobacterial infections: four with Mycobacterium chelonae and two with Mycobacterium fortuitum. INTERVENTION The treatment of these infections included removal of the foreign bodies with debridement of the lesions. Specimens were sent for histopathologic examination, routine cultures, and fresh tissue for culture after homogenization. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES A retrospective review of culture-proven atypical mycobacterial infections involving the periocular tissues was performed. Charts were reviewed for age, gender, infectious organism, medical history, surgical history, presenting symptoms, clinical features, and treatment. RESULTS Four associations with infection were identified in these patients: immunosuppression, nasolacrimal duct obstruction, the presence of a foreign body, and a history of recent surgery. All six of the patients had at least one of these associations and five of the patients had at least two. Clinical characteristics that may distinguish atypical mycobacterial infections from acute bacterial infections include subacute presentation, firm nodular lesions, mild erythema, mild tenderness, and minimal purulent discharge. All patients had resolution of their infections after debridement and several weeks of systemic antibiotic therapy guided by susceptibility testing. CONCLUSIONS Periocular atypical mycobacterial infections are uncommon. The clinical history and examination can raise the suspicion of this infection by revealing the clinical characteristics of these infections. Treatment includes removal of foreign bodies, debridement, and long-term systemic antibiotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Florida 33136, USA
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Lau KS, Grange RW, Chang WJ, Kamm KE, Sarelius I, Stull JT. Skeletal muscle contractions stimulate cGMP formation and attenuate vascular smooth muscle myosin phosphorylation via nitric oxide. FEBS Lett 1998; 431:71-4. [PMID: 9684868 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(98)00728-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide generated by neuronal nitric oxide synthase in contracting skeletal muscle fibers may regulate vascular relaxation via a cGMP-mediated pathway. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase content is greatly reduced in skeletal muscles from mdx mice. cGMP formation increased in contracting extensor digitorum longus muscles in vitro from C57 control, but not mdx mice. The increase in cGMP content was abolished with NG-nitro-L-arginine. Sodium nitroprusside treatment increased cGMP levels in muscles from both C57 and mdx mice. Skeletal muscle contractions also inhibited phenylephrine-induced phosphorylation of smooth muscle myosin regulatory light chain. Arteriolar dilation was attenuated in contracting muscles from mdx but not C57 mice. NO generated in contracting skeletal muscle may contribute to vasodilation in response to exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Lau
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 75235-9040, USA.
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Asanovich KM, Johnson B, Chang WJ, Barb CR, Rampacek GB, Kraeling RR. Delay of estradiol-induced surge secretion of LH in gilts by intracerebroventricular injection of morphine. Domest Anim Endocrinol 1998; 15:45-53. [PMID: 9437584 DOI: 10.1016/s0739-7240(97)00061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In Experiment 1, ovariectomized (OVX) gilts, 143 d old and 58.5 +/- 1.8 kg BW, received 10 micrograms estradiol benzoate (EB)/kg BW i.m. and either 500 micrograms of the endogenous opioid peptide (EOP) agonist, morphine (MOR), in saline (SAL; n = 5), or SAL (n = 4) intracerebro-ventricularly at 40 and 48 hr after EB. With the exception of one MOR-treated gilt, which was deleted from Experiment 1, LH secretion was suppressed for at least 50 hr in all gilts. Timing of the LH surge was similar among gilts. However, total LH secreted was greater (P < 0.05) after SAL than MOR. The experiment was repeated at 179 d of age and 78.6 +/- 1.2 kg BW, except that treatments were reversed among gilts. Emergence of the LH surge was delayed (P < 0.005) by 10.8 hr and time to maximum LH concentration (P < 0.05) by 6.8 hr after MOR than after SAL. Magnitude and total LH secreted were not different among gilts. In Experiment 2, gilts which had displayed estrous cycles of 18-22 d were OVX and treated as in Experiment 1, except MOR (n = 3) or SAL (n = 4) were injected 10 hr later than in Experiment 1, i.e., at 50 and 58 hr after EB. Secretion of LH was suppressed for at least 60 hr in both groups. Time to emergence of the LH surge was delayed by 27 hr (P < 0.05) after MOR compared to after SAL. However, other parameters of the surge were not different among gilts. Thus, EOP modulate LH surge secretion negatively in the pig.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Asanovich
- Animal and Dairy Science Department, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA
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Wilson RP, Chang WJ, Sergott RC, Moster MR, Schmidt CM, Bond JB, Harris A. A color Doppler analysis of nifedipine-induced posterior ocular blood flow changes in open-angle glaucoma. J Glaucoma 1997; 6:231-6. [PMID: 9264302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This pilot study used color Doppler imaging to investigate the effects of nifedipine on the posterior ocular blood flow of patients with glaucoma progression at normal intraocular pressures. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eighteen patients, 11 men and seven women with a median age of 61.7 years, were imaged before and 6 weeks after the initiation of 30 mg of sustained-release nifedipine (Procardia XL; produced by either Pfizer or Pratt) daily. RESULTS There was no statistically significant change in the blood velocity of the ophthalmic artery, central retinal artery, and main nasal and temporal short posterior ciliary arteries after treatment with nifedipine. CONCLUSION The routine use of nifedipine in patients with normal tension glaucoma progression is not supported by this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Wilson
- Glaucoma Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, U.S.A
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Chang E, Chang WJ, Wang BC, Yang CY. Plasma spraying of zirconia-reinforced hydroxyapatite composite coatings on titanium: part II: dissolution behaviour in simulated body fluid and bonding degradation. J Mater Sci Mater Med 1997; 8:201-211. [PMID: 15348760 DOI: 10.1023/a:1018535606393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The change of phase, morphology and bond strength of plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite (HA) coating and ZrO2/HA composite coatings immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) for various periods of time was studied. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to identify the phase and observe the morphology of the coating surface before and after immersion. In addition, inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP) was used to measure the ion release rate of coatings in SBF for various periods of time. Observation of the morphology by SEM shows that the composite coating with the addition of ZrO2 in HA significantly reduced the dissolution rate of impurity phases in simulated body fluid. The argument was supported by measurement of Ca2+ ion concentration in SBF. During plasma spraying, less OH- ions were lost in a ZrO2-containing composite coating. This factor, together with the reduced effective surface of the ZrO2-containing HA coating, were attributed to the reduced dissolution rate of the composite coatings. All the plasma sprayed coatings degraded after immersion in SBF owing to dissolution of constituents in the coating, however, the addition of ZrO2 in HA improved the bonding strength of HA coating after immersion in SBF.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Chang E, Chang WJ, Wang BC, Yang CY. Plasma spraying of zirconia-reinforced hydroxyapatite composite coatings on titanium: part I: phase, microstructure and bonding strength. J Mater Sci Mater Med 1997; 8:193-200. [PMID: 15348759 DOI: 10.1023/a:1018583522322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings applied to metal substrates can induce a direct chemical bond with bone and hence achieve biological fixation of the implant. However, the poor bonding strength between HA and substrate has been of concern to orthopaedists. In this study, two submicrometre ZrO2 powders stabilized with both 3 and 8 mol% Y2O3 (TZ3Y and TZ8Y, respectively) were incorporated in a plasma-sprayed HA coating on Ti-6Al-4V substrate to investigate the change in phase, microstructure and bonding strength. The results show that ZrO2 composite coatings contain more unmelted particles and greater porosity. During plasma spraying, ZrO2 reacts with the CaO in HA to form CaZrO3 and accelerates HA decomposition to alpha-TCP and Ca4P2O9. Nevertheless, bonding strength increases with increase of ZrO2 content in the range 0 to 10 wt% studied. The higher Y2O3-containing TZ8Y apparently exerts a greater strengthening effect than the lower Y2O3-containing TZ3Y.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Wang CH, Wang HM, Chen JS, Chang WJ, Lai GM. Intensive chemotherapy plus recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor support for distant metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. A preliminary report. Oncology 1997; 54:34-7. [PMID: 8978590 DOI: 10.1159/000227658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has been shown to be highly responsive to chemotherapy. The major limiting toxicity was myelotoxicity. Recently, the role of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in reducing chemotherapy-induced neutropenic sepsis has been well established. In this study, we tested whether recombinant human G-CSF (rhG-CSF) could effectively support the bone marrow function in both previously untreated and pretreated metastatic NPC patients receiving intensive chemotherapy. Twelve patients with distant metastatic disease, 5 newly diagnosed (group A) and 7 pretreated patients (group B), were enrolled to receive BEC (bleomycin, epirubicin and cisplatin), followed by rhG-CSF support (50 microg/m2 s.c. daily for 10 days) every 4 weeks for two cycles. Four patients in group A completed the treatment as scheduled while only 2 patients in group B did. After the first treatment cycle, 6 patients (50%) had grade III-IV myelosuppression. Five of the patients were from group B. The mean values of the white cell count nadir were 2,680 (range 1,200-3,700) in group A and 1,343 (range 400-2,900) in group B (p = 0.0386). Neutropenia-associated fever occurred in 7 patients, 6 of whom had received previous treatment. There were 2 deaths due to toxicity, and both patients had liver metastases within 6 months following radiation. After 24 months of follow-up, only 1 patient is still alive. Our preliminary results suggest that in previously treated metastatic NPC patients, bone marrow suppression is still the major limiting toxic side effect of aggressive chemotherapy, especially for those patients with liver recurrences within 6 months after irradiation and despite rhG-CSF support.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Wang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Abstract
PURPOSE To describe two pregnant women who developed spontaneous orbital hemorrhage following treatment with subcutaneous heparin. METHOD Case histories and subsequent management of spontaneous orbital hemorrhage. RESULTS Both women developed severe unilateral visual loss. CONCLUSION In spontaneous orbital hemorrhage, anticoagulation therapy such as heparin may contribute to severe hemorrhage and visual loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Chang
- Oculoplastics Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, USA
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Chang WJ, Iannaccone ST, Lau KS, Masters BS, McCabe TJ, McMillan K, Padre RC, Spencer MJ, Tidball JG, Stull JT. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase and dystrophin-deficient muscular dystrophy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1996; 93:9142-7. [PMID: 8799168 PMCID: PMC38609 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.93.17.9142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in fast-twitch skeletal muscle fibers is primarily particulate in contrast to its greater solubility in brain. Immunohistochemistry shows nNOS localized to the sarcolemma, with enrichment at force transmitting sites, the myotendinous junctions, and costameres. Because this distribution is similar to dystrophin, we determined if nNOS expression was affected by the loss of dystrophin. Significant nNOS immunoreactivity and enzyme activity was absent in skeletal muscle tissues from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Similarly, in dystrophin-deficient skeletal muscles from mdx mice both soluble and particulate nNOS was greatly reduced compared with C57 control mice. nNOS mRNA was also reduced in mdx muscle in contrast to mRNA levels for a dystrophin binding protein, alpha 1-syntrophin. nNOS levels increased dramatically from 2 to 52 weeks of age in C57 skeletal muscle, which may indicate a physiological role for NO in aging-related processes. Biochemical purification readily dissociates nNOS from the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex. Thus, nNOS is not an integral component of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex and is not simply another dystrophin-associated protein since the expression of both nNOS mRNA and protein is affected by dystrophin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Chang
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235, USA
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Chang WJ, Shields CL, Shields JA, DePotter PV, Schiffman R, Eagle RC, Nelson LB. Bilateral orbital involvement with massive allergic fungal sinusitis. Arch Ophthalmol 1996; 114:767-8. [PMID: 8639099 DOI: 10.1001/archopht.1996.01100130759031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Chang WJ, Goyal AK, Flanagan JC. Dacryoadenitis presenting with eyelid retraction. Ophthalmic Surg 1995; 26:380-2. [PMID: 8532298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W J Chang
- Oculoplastics Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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Chang WJ, Barb CR, Kraeling RR, Rampacek GB, Wright JT. Biogenic amines in the hypothalamus of rats after diethyldithiocarbamate or AIMAX treatment, an alternative for norepinephrine depletion. J Anim Sci 1995; 73:1147-51. [PMID: 7628959 DOI: 10.2527/1995.7341147x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine whether AIMAX (a dithiocarbamoylhydrazine derivative) is suitable for determining the effects of norepinephrine (NE) depletion on reproduction in domestic animals. Therefore, the effect of AIMAX (n = 6) on concentrations of biogenic amines in the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH) and anterior hypothalamic area (AHA) of ovariectomized (OVX) rats primed with ovarian steroids was compared to that of diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC; n = 5), a potent dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) inhibitor, which is chemically similar to AIMAX. Rats that received only ovarian steroids and saline injections served as controls (n = 6). Treatment with DDC resulted in sedation and reduced body temperature. In contrast, rats behaved normally after AIMAX treatment. AI-MAX reduced (P < .05) NE but increased (P < .05) dopamine (DA) concentrations in MBH and AHA compared with controls. Similar changes in NE and DA concentrations were observed in DDC-treated rats. However, elevated epinephrine (EPI) levels were measured in MBH and AHA of only DDC-treated rats. Serum LH concentrations were suppressed (P < .005) in both AIMAX- and DDC-treated rats compared with control animals. Because AIMAX, like DDC, suppressed hypothalamic NE content and LH secretion, AIMAX should be useful in studying effects of NE depletion on gonadotropin secretion in domestic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Chang
- Animal and Dairy Science Department, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Chang
- Wills Eye Hospital, Oculoplastics Service, Philadelphia, PA 19107
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Chang WJ, Rapuano CJ. Management of an anterior chamber eyelash. Ophthalmic Surg 1994; 25:741-2. [PMID: 7898875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Barb CR, Chang WJ, Leshin LS, Rampacek GB, Kraeling RR. Opioid modulation of gonadotropin releasing hormone release from the hypothalamic preoptic area in the pig. Domest Anim Endocrinol 1994; 11:375-82. [PMID: 7828431 DOI: 10.1016/0739-7240(94)90009-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Two experiments (Exp) were conducted to examine in vitro the release of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus after treatment with naloxone (NAL) or morphine (MOR). In Exp 1, hypothalamic-preoptic area (HYP-POA) collected from 3 market weight gilts at sacrifice and sagittally halved were perifused for 90 min prior to a 10 min pulse of morphine (MOR; 4.5 x 10(-6) M) followed by NAL (3.1 x 10(-5) M) during the last 5 min of MOR (MOR + NAL; n = 3). The other half of the explants (n = 3) were exposed to NAL for 5 min. Fragments were exposed to KCl (60 mM) at 175 min to assess residual GnRH releasability. In Exp 2, nine gilts were ovariectomized and received either oil vehicle im (V; n = 3); 10 micrograms estradiol-17 beta/kg BW in 42 hr before sacrifice (E; n = 3); .85 mg progesterone/kg BW in twice daily for 6 d prior to sacrifice (P4; n = 3). Blood was collected to assess pituitary sensitivity to GnRH (.2 microgram/kg BW) on the day prior to sacrifice. On the day of sacrifice HYP-POA explants were collected and treated as described in Exp 1 except tissue received only NAL. In Exp 1, NAL increased (P < .05) GnRH release. This response to NAL was attenuated (P < .05) by coadministration of MOR. Cumulative GnRH release after NAL was greater (P < .05) than after MOR + NAL. All tissues responded similarly to KCl with an increase (P < .05) in GnRH release.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Barb
- Animal Physiology Research Unit, R.B. Russell Agricultural Research Center, Athens, GA 30613
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Chang WJ, Ying YS, Rothberg KG, Hooper NM, Turner AJ, Gambliel HA, De Gunzburg J, Mumby SM, Gilman AG, Anderson RG. Purification and characterization of smooth muscle cell caveolae. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 1994; 126:127-38. [PMID: 8027172 PMCID: PMC2120085 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.126.1.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmalemmal caveolae are a membrane specialization that mediates transcytosis across endothelial cells and the uptake of small molecules and ions by both epithelial and connective tissue cells. Recent findings suggest that caveolae may, in addition, be involved in signal transduction. To better understand the molecular composition of this membrane specialization, we have developed a biochemical method for purifying caveolae from chicken smooth muscle cells. Biochemical and morphological markers indicate that we can obtain approximately 1.5 mg of protein in the caveolae fraction from approximately 100 g of chicken gizzard. Gel electrophoresis shows that there are more than 30 proteins enriched in caveolae relative to the plasma membrane. Among these proteins are: caveolin, a structural molecule of the caveolae coat; multiple, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane proteins; both G alpha and G beta subunits of heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein; and the Ras-related GTP-binding protein, Rap1A/B. The method we have developed will facilitate future studies on the structure and function of caveolae.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Chang
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas 75235
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Chang WJ, Barb CR, Kraeling RR, Rampacek GB, Asanovich KM. N-methyl-d,l-aspartate modulation of pituitary hormone secretion in the pig: role of opioid peptides. Domest Anim Endocrinol 1993; 10:305-13. [PMID: 8306634 DOI: 10.1016/0739-7240(93)90034-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Sixteen ovariectomized (OVX) mature gilts, averaging 139.6 +/- 3.1 kg body weight (BW) were assigned randomly to receive either progesterone (P, 0.85 mg/kg BW, n = 8), or corn oil vehicle (OIL, n = 8) injections im twice daily for 10 d. On the day of experiment, all gilts received either the EAA agonist, N-methyl-d,l-aspartate (NMA; 10 mg/kg BW, iv) alone or NMA plus the EOP antagonist, naloxone (NAL, 1 mg/kg BW, iv), resulting in the following groups of 4 gilts each: OIL-NMA, OIL-NMA-NAL, P-NMA and P-NMA-NAL. Blood samples were collected via jugular cannula every 15 min for 6 hr. All pigs received NMA 5 min following pretreatment with either 0.9% saline or NAL 2 hr after blood collection began and a GnRH challenge 3 hr after NMA. Administration of NMA suppressed (P < 0.03) LH secretion in OIL-NMA gilts and treatment with NAL failed to reverse the suppressive effect of NMA on LH secretion in OIL-NMA-NAL gilts. Similar to OIL-NMA gilts, NMA decreased (P < 0.03) mean serum LH concentrations in P-NMA gilts. However, in P-NMA-NAL gilts, serum LH concentrations were not changed following treatment. All gilts responded to GnRH with increased (P < 0.01) LH secretion. Additionally, administration of NMA increased (P < 0.01) growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) secretion in both OIL-NMA and P-NMA gilts, but this increase in GH and PRL secretion was attenuated (P < 0.01) by pretreatment with NAL in OIL-NMA-NAL and P-NMA-NAL gilts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Chang
- Animal and Dairy Science Department, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
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