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Malir F, Pickova D, Toman J, Grosse Y, Ostry V. Hazard characterisation for significant mycotoxins in food. Mycotoxin Res 2023; 39:81-93. [PMID: 36930431 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-023-00478-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
This review updates the current status of activities related to hazard characterisation for mycotoxins, with special reference to regulatory work accomplished within the European Union. Because the relevant information on these topics is widely scattered in the scientific literature, this review intends to provide a condensed overview on the most pertinent aspects. Human health risk assessment is a procedure to estimate the nature and potential for harmful effects of mycotoxins on human health due to exposure to them via contaminated food. This assessment involves hazard identification, hazard characterisation, exposure assessment, and risk characterisation. Mycotoxins covered in this review are aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, cyclopiazonic acid, citrinin, trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, T-2, and HT-2 toxins), fumonisins, zearalenone, patulin, and ergot alkaloids. For mycotoxins with clear genotoxic/carcinogenic properties, the focus is on the margin of exposure approach. One of its goals is to document predictive characterisation of the human hazard, based on studies in animals using conditions of low exposure. For the other, non-genotoxic toxins, individual 'no adverse effect levels' have been established, but structural analogues or modified forms may still complicate assessment. During the process of hazard characterisation, each identified effect is assessed for human relevance. The estimation of a 'safe dose' is the hazard characterisation endpoint. The final aim of all of these activities is to establish a system, which is able to minimise and control the risk for the consumer from mycotoxins in food. Ongoing research on mycotoxins constantly comes up with new findings, which may have to be implemented into this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frantisek Malir
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, CZ-50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Darina Pickova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, CZ-50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Toman
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, CZ-50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Yann Grosse
- The IARC Monographs Programme, International Agency for Research On Cancer (retired), Lyon, France
| | - Vladimir Ostry
- Center for Health, Nutrition and Food in Brno, National Institute of Public Health, Palackeho 3a, 61242, Brno, Czech Republic
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Schubauer-Berigan M, Grosse Y, Madia F. S-18-02 Fifty years of IARC Monographs leading to a modernized approach for synthesizing epidemiological and experimental data on carcinogenicity. Toxicol Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.07.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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de Conti A, Reisfeld B, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, El Ghissassi F, Grosse Y, Madia F, Schubauer-Berigan M. SOC-III-11 The key characteristics of cancer hazards identified by the IARC Monographs Programme. Toxicol Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.07.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Demers PA, DeMarini DM, Fent KW, Glass DC, Hansen J, Adetona O, Andersen MH, Freeman LEB, Caban-Martinez AJ, Daniels RD, Driscoll TR, Goodrich JM, Graber JM, Kirkham TL, Kjaerheim K, Kriebel D, Long AS, Main LC, Oliveira M, Peters S, Teras LR, Watkins ER, Burgess JL, Stec AA, White PA, DeBono NL, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, de Conti A, El Ghissassi F, Grosse Y, Stayner LT, Suonio E, Viegas S, Wedekind R, Boucheron P, Hosseini B, Kim J, Zahed H, Mattock H, Madia F, Schubauer-Berigan MK. Carcinogenicity of occupational exposure as a firefighter. Lancet Oncol 2022; 23:985-986. [PMID: 35780778 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(22)00390-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Demers
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Kenneth W Fent
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Johnni Hansen
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David Kriebel
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Luana C Main
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Marta Oliveira
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Susan Peters
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Lauren R Teras
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Anna A Stec
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Paul A White
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Aline de Conti
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Yann Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Eero Suonio
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Susana Viegas
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Bayan Hosseini
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Joanne Kim
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Hana Zahed
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Heidi Mattock
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Federica Madia
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Reisfeld B, de Conti A, El Ghissassi F, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Gwinn W, Grosse Y, Schubauer-Berigan M. kc-hits: a tool to aid in the evaluation and classification of chemical carcinogens. Bioinformatics 2022; 38:2961-2962. [PMID: 35561175 PMCID: PMC9306747 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btac189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION The evaluation of chemicals for their carcinogenic hazard requires the analysis of a wide range of data and the characterization of these results relative to the key characteristics of carcinogens. The workflow used historically requires many manual steps that are labor-intensive and can introduce errors, bias and inconsistencies. RESULTS The automation of parts of the evaluation workflow using the kc-hits software has led to significant improvements in process efficiency, as well as more consistent and comprehensive results. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION https://gitlab.com/i1650/kc-hits.git. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad Reisfeld
- Evidence Synthesis and Classification Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon 69372 CEDEX 08, France
| | - Aline de Conti
- Evidence Synthesis and Classification Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon 69372 CEDEX 08, France
| | - Fatiha El Ghissassi
- Evidence Synthesis and Classification Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon 69372 CEDEX 08, France
| | - Lamia Benbrahim-Tallaa
- Evidence Synthesis and Classification Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon 69372 CEDEX 08, France
| | - William Gwinn
- Evidence Synthesis and Classification Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon 69372 CEDEX 08, France
| | - Yann Grosse
- Evidence Synthesis and Classification Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon 69372 CEDEX 08, France
| | - Mary Schubauer-Berigan
- Evidence Synthesis and Classification Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon 69372 CEDEX 08, France
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Karagas MR, Wang A, Dorman DC, Hall AL, Pi J, Sergi CM, Symanski E, Ward EM, Arrandale VH, Azuma K, Brambila E, Calaf GM, Fritz JM, Fukushima S, Gaitens JM, Grimsrud TK, Guo L, Lynge E, Marinho-Reis AP, McDiarmid MA, Middleton DRS, Ong TP, Polya DA, Quintanilla-Vega B, Roberts GK, Santonen T, Sauni R, Silva MJ, Wild P, Zhang CW, Zhang Q, Grosse Y, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, de Conti A, DeBono NL, El Ghissassi F, Madia F, Reisfeld B, Stayner LT, Suonio E, Viegas S, Wedekind R, Ahmadi S, Mattock H, Gwinn WM, Schubauer-Berigan MK. Carcinogenicity of cobalt, antimony compounds, and weapons-grade tungsten alloy. Lancet Oncol 2022; 23:577-578. [PMID: 35397803 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(22)00219-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy Wang
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - David C Dorman
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Amy L Hall
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Jingbo Pi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Kenichi Azuma
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Gloria M Calaf
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Jason M Fritz
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Tom K Grimsrud
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Lei Guo
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Elsebeth Lynge
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Thomas P Ong
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - David A Polya
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Tiina Santonen
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Riitta Sauni
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Maria J Silva
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Pascal Wild
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Qunwei Zhang
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Yann Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Aline de Conti
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Federica Madia
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Eero Suonio
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Susana Viegas
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Heidi Mattock
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Belpoggi F, Cattley RC, Reisfeld B, Stewart P, Turner MC, Audebert M, Cox J, Ge C, Gustavsson P, Käfferlein H, Lash L, Lumen A, Matsumoto M, Muñoz-Quezada MT, Peters C, Purdue M, Svendsen C, Virji A, Yakubovskaya MG, Yiin J, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, DeBono NL, de Conti A, El Ghissassi F, Gwinn W, Kühnle S, Lavoué J, Middleton DRS, Miranda-Filho A, Suonio E, Onyije FM, Viegas S, Wedekind R, Goodman S, Mattock H, Grosse Y, Schubauer-Berigan MK. Carcinogenicity of 1,1,1-trichloroethane and four other industrial chemicals. Lancet Oncol 2021; 22:1661-1662. [PMID: 34774220 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(21)00659-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Samet JM, Chiu WA, Cogliano V, Jinot J, Kriebel D, Lunn RM, Beland FA, Bero L, Browne P, Fritschi L, Kanno J, Lachenmeier DW, Lan Q, Lasfargues G, Le Curieux F, Peters S, Shubat P, Sone H, White MC, Williamson J, Yakubovskaya M, Siemiatycki J, White PA, Guyton KZ, Schubauer-Berigan MK, Hall AL, Grosse Y, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, El Ghissassi F, Lauby-Secretan B, Armstrong B, Saracci R, Zavadil J, Straif K, Wild CP. The IARC Monographs: Updated Procedures for Modern and Transparent Evidence Synthesis in Cancer Hazard Identification. J Natl Cancer Inst 2020; 112:30-37. [PMID: 31498409 PMCID: PMC6968684 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djz169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Monographs produced by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) apply rigorous procedures for the scientific review and evaluation of carcinogenic hazards by independent experts. The Preamble to the IARC Monographs, which outlines these procedures, was updated in 2019, following recommendations of a 2018 expert advisory group. This article presents the key features of the updated Preamble, a major milestone that will enable IARC to take advantage of recent scientific and procedural advances made during the 12 years since the last Preamble amendments. The updated Preamble formalizes important developments already being pioneered in the Monographs program. These developments were taken forward in a clarified and strengthened process for identifying, reviewing, evaluating, and integrating evidence to identify causes of human cancer. The advancements adopted include the strengthening of systematic review methodologies; greater emphasis on mechanistic evidence, based on key characteristics of carcinogens; greater consideration of quality and informativeness in the critical evaluation of epidemiological studies, including their exposure assessment methods; improved harmonization of evaluation criteria for the different evidence streams; and a single-step process of integrating evidence on cancer in humans, cancer in experimental animals, and mechanisms for reaching overall evaluations. In all, the updated Preamble underpins a stronger and more transparent method for the identification of carcinogenic hazards, the essential first step in cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Weihsueh A Chiu
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Vincent Cogliano
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency
| | - Jennifer Jinot
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency
| | - David Kriebel
- Department of Public Health, University of Massachusetts Lowell
| | - Ruth M Lunn
- National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
| | - Frederick A Beland
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR
| | - Lisa Bero
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Patience Browne
- Environmental Directorate, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, France
| | - Lin Fritschi
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Australia
| | - Jun Kanno
- Japan Bioassay Research Center, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Japan
| | | | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute
| | - Gérard Lasfargues
- Science for Expertise Division, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, France
| | | | - Susan Peters
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Pamela Shubat
- Environmental Health Division, Minnesota Department of Health
| | - Hideko Sone
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Japan
| | - Mary C White
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | | | | | | | - Paul A White
- Environmental Health Sciences and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Canada
| | | | | | - Amy L Hall
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Yann Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jiri Zavadil
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Kurt Straif
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Malir F, Louda M, Ostry V, Toman J, Ali N, Grosse Y, Malirova E, Pacovsky J, Pickova D, Brodak M, Pfohl-Leszkowicz A, Degen GH. Analyses of biomarkers of exposure to nephrotoxic mycotoxins in a cohort of patients with renal tumours. Mycotoxin Res 2019; 35:391-403. [PMID: 31254204 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-019-00365-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The Czech Republic occupies the first place in the world in the frequency of renal and other urinary tract tumours, but their aetiology is unknown. To explore whether carcinogenic and nephrotoxic mycotoxins may contribute to kidney diseases in the Czech population, biomarkers of ochratoxin A (OTA) and citrinin (CIT) exposure were determined in biological specimens from a cohort of 50 patients with malignant renal tumours. Biomarker analyses in blood and urine samples used validated targeted methods for measuring OTA and CIT plus dihydrocitrinone (DH-CIT) after enrichment of analytes by specific immunoaffinity clean-up. OTA and CIT plus its metabolite DH-CIT were frequently detected in patient urine samples (OTA 62%; CIT 91%; DH-CIT 100%). The concentration ranges in urine were 1-27.8 ng/L for OTA, 2-87 ng/L for CIT and 2-160 ng/L for DH-CIT. The analyses of blood samples revealed also a frequent co-occurrence of OTA and CIT, in the ranges of 40-870 ng/L serum for OTA and 21-182 ng/L plasma for CIT. This first analysis of biomarkers in blood and urine samples of Czech patients revealed no major differences in comparison with published data for the general healthy Czech and European populations. Nonetheless, a frequent co-occurrence of CIT and OTA biomarkers in patient samples may be of interest with regard to potential interactions with other risk factors for renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frantisek Malir
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanskeho 62,, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Miroslav Louda
- Medical School and Teaching Hospital, Department of Urology, Charles University, Sokolska 581,, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Ostry
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanskeho 62,, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Center for Health, Nutrition and Food in Brno, National Institute of Public Health in Prague, Palackeho 3a, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Toman
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanskeho 62,, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Nurshad Ali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Yann Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Eva Malirova
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Charles University Medical School and Teaching Hospital, Sokolska 581, 50005, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Pacovsky
- Medical School and Teaching Hospital, Department of Urology, Charles University, Sokolska 581,, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Darina Pickova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanskeho 62,, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Milos Brodak
- Medical School and Teaching Hospital, Department of Urology, Charles University, Sokolska 581,, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Annie Pfohl-Leszkowicz
- INP/ENSAT Toulouse, Department Bioprocess & Microbial Systems, Laboratory Chemical Engineering, University of Toulouse, 31320, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Gisela H Degen
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Ardeystrasse 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
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Krewski D, Bird M, Al-Zoughool M, Birkett N, Billard M, Milton B, Rice JM, Grosse Y, Cogliano VJ, Hill MA, Baan RA, Little J, Zielinski JM. Key characteristics of 86 agents known to cause cancer in humans. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev 2019; 22:244-263. [PMID: 31637961 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2019.1643536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Since the inception of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in the early 1970s, the IARC Monographs Programme has evaluated more than 1000 agents with respect to carcinogenic hazard; of these, up to and including Volume 119 of the IARC Monographs, 120 agents met the criteria for classification as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1). Volume 100 of the IARC Monographs provided a review and update of Group 1 carcinogens. These agents were divided into six broad categories: (I) pharmaceuticals; (II) biological agents; (III) arsenic, metals, fibers, and dusts; (IV) radiation; (V) personal habits and indoor combustions; and (VI) chemical agents and related occupations. Data on biological mechanisms of action (MOA) were extracted from the Monographs to assemble a database on the basis of ten key characteristics attributed to human carcinogens. After some grouping of similar agents, the characteristic profiles were examined for 86 Group 1 agents for which mechanistic information was available in the IARC Monographs up to and including Volume 106, based upon data derived from human in vivo, human in vitro, animal in vivo, and animal in vitro studies. The most prevalent key characteristic was "is genotoxic", followed by "alters cell proliferation, cell death, or nutrient supply" and "induces oxidative stress". Most agents exhibited several of the ten key characteristics, with an average of four characteristics per agent, a finding consistent with the notion that cancer development in humans involves multiple pathways. Information on the key characteristics was often available from multiple sources, with many agents demonstrating concordance between human and animal sources, particularly with respect to genotoxicity. Although a detailed comparison of the characteristics of different types of agents was not attempted here, the overall characteristic profiles for pharmaceutical agents and for chemical agents and related occupations appeared similar. Further in-depth analyses of this rich database of characteristics of human carcinogens are expected to provide additional insights into the MOA of human cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Krewski
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Bird
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mustafa Al-Zoughool
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Community and Environmental Health, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nicholas Birkett
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mélissa Billard
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Jerry M Rice
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Yann Grosse
- IARC Monographs Programme, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Vincent J Cogliano
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Mark A Hill
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Robert A Baan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (retired), Lyon, France
| | - Julian Little
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jan M Zielinski
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Grosse Y, Lajoie P, Billard M, Krewski D, Rice J, Baan RA, Cogliano V, Bird M, Zielinski JM. Development of a database on tumors and tumor sites in humans and in experimental animals for 'Group 1 agents identified through volume 109 of the IARC Monographs. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev 2019; 22:237-243. [PMID: 31612803 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2019.1642601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Volume 100 in the series of IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans comprises an update and review of relevant information on all agents determined to induce cancer in humans. These Group 1 agents are categorized in 6 Monographs (Volumes 100A-F) published in 2012. This paper describes the methodology and stringent criteria used in the creation of a comprehensive database on tumors noted in animals and humans for the carcinogens reviewed in Volume 100, and for additional Group 1 agents that were identified in subsequent Monographs through Volume 109. The development of this database involved the systematic collection of relevant data on tumors detected in humans and experimental animals identified by the Working Groups that conducted evaluations reported in the IARC Monographs. The database includes all human tumor sites identified by the Working Groups, along with all tumor sites for which there was sufficient evidence in experimental animals. This database provides a basis for assessing the degree of concordance between tumor sites observed in humans and experimental animals for Group 1 agents identified through Volume 109.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Grosse
- IARC Monographs Programme, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Pascale Lajoie
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Division of Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Queen's University Cancer Research Institute, Kingston, Canada
| | - Mélissa Billard
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Daniel Krewski
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jerry Rice
- School of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Robert A Baan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (retired), Lyon, France
| | - Vincent Cogliano
- Integrated Risk Information System, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Michael Bird
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jan M Zielinski
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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Marques MM, Berrington de Gonzalez A, Beland FA, Browne P, Demers PA, Lachenmeier DW, Bahadori T, Barupal DK, Belpoggi F, Comba P, Dai M, Daniels RD, Ferreccio C, Grigoriev OA, Hong YC, Hoover RN, Kanno J, Kogevinas M, Lasfargues G, Malekzadeh R, Masten S, Newton R, Norat T, Pappas JJ, Queiroz Moreira C, Rodríguez T, Rodríguez-Guzmán J, Sewram V, Zeise L, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Bouvard V, Cree IA, El Ghissassi F, Girschik J, Grosse Y, Hall AL, Turner MC, Straif K, Korenjak M, McCormack V, Müller K, Schüz J, Zavadil J, Schubauer-Berigan MK, Guyton KZ. Advisory Group recommendations on priorities for the IARC Monographs. Lancet Oncol 2019; 20:763-764. [DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(19)30246-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Krewski D, Rice JM, Bird M, Milton B, Collins B, Lajoie P, Billard M, Grosse Y, Cogliano VJ, Caldwell JC, Rusyn II, Portier CJ, Melnick RL, Baan RA, Little J, Zielinski JM. Concordance between sites of tumor development in humans and in experimental animals for 111 agents that are carcinogenic to humans. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev 2019; 22:203-236. [PMID: 31795923 PMCID: PMC7139235 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2019.1642586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Since the inception of the IARC Monographs Programme in the early 1970s, this Programme has developed 119 Monograph Volumes on more than 1000 agents for which there exists some evidence of cancer risk to humans. Of these, 120 agents were found to meet the criteria for classification as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1). Volume 100 of the IARC Monographs, compiled in 2008-2009 and published in 2012, provided a review and update of the 107 Group 1 agents identified as of 2009. These agents were divided into six broad categories: (I) pharmaceuticals; (II) biological agents; (III) arsenic, metals, fibers and dusts; (IV) radiation; (V) personal habits and indoor combustions; and (VI) chemical agents and related occupations. The Group I agents reviewed in Volume 100, as well as five additional Group 1 agents defined in subsequent Volumes of the Monographs, were used to assess the degree of concordance between sites where tumors originate in humans and experimental animals including mice, rats, hamsters, dogs, and non-human primates using an anatomically based tumor nomenclature system, representing 39 tumor sites and 14 organ and tissue systems. This evaluation identified 91 Group 1 agents with sufficient evidence (82 agents) or limited evidence (9 agents) of carcinogenicity in animals. The most common tumors observed in both humans and animals were those of the respiratory system including larynx, lung, and lower respiratory tract. In humans, respiratory system tumors were noted for 31 of the 111 distinct Group 1 carcinogens identified up to and including Volume 109 of the IARC Monographs, comprising predominantly 14 chemical agents and related occupations in category VI; seven arsenic, metals, fibers, and dusts in category III, and five personal habits and indoor combustions in category V. Subsequent to respiratory system tumors, those in lymphoid and hematopoietic tissues (26 agents), the urothelium (18 agents), and the upper aerodigestive tract (16 agents) were most often seen in humans, while tumors in digestive organs (19 agents), skin (18 agents), and connective tissues (17 agents) were frequently seen in animals. Exposures to radiation, particularly X- and γ-radiation, and tobacco smoke were associated with tumors at multiple sites in humans. Although the IARC Monographs did not emphasize tumor site concordance between animals and humans, substantial concordance was detected for several organ and tissue systems, even under the stringent criteria for sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity used by IARC. Of the 60 agents for which at least one tumor site was identified in both humans and animals, 52 (87%) exhibited tumors in at least one of the same organ and tissue systems in humans and animals. It should be noted that some caution is needed in interpreting concordance at sites where sample size is particularly small. Although perfect (100%) concordance was noted for agents that induce tumors of the mesothelium, only two Group 1 agents that met the criteria for inclusion in the concordance analysis caused tumors at this site. Although the present analysis demonstrates good concordance between animals and humans for many, but not all, tumor sites, limitations of available data may result in underestimation of concordance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Krewski
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Canada
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jerry M. Rice
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Michael Bird
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | | | - Pascale Lajoie
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Division of Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Queen’s University Cancer Research Institute, Kingston, Canada
| | - Mélissa Billard
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Yann Grosse
- IARC Monographs Programme, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Vincent J. Cogliano
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jane C. Caldwell
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ivan I. Rusyn
- Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Christopher J. Portier
- National Center for Environmental Health, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Robert A. Baan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (retired), Lyon, France
| | - Julian Little
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jan M. Zielinski
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Kromhout H, Friesen M, Marques MM, Sergi CM, Abdallah M, Benke G, Cesta M, Germolec D, Houck K, Ichihara G, Jameson CW, Kanno J, Pogribny I, Svendsen C, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guyton KZ, Grosse Y, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Hall A, Jaillet C, Mattock H, Straif K. Carcinogenicity of isobutyl nitrite, β-picoline, and some acrylates. Lancet Oncol 2018; 19:1020-1022. [PMID: 30700372 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(18)30491-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Kromhout
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Geza Benke
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Mark Cesta
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Dori Germolec
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Keith Houck
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Gaku Ichihara
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Jun Kanno
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Igor Pogribny
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Yann Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Amy Hall
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Heidi Mattock
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Kurt Straif
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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15
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Ostry V, Malir F, Cumova M, Kyrova V, Toman J, Grosse Y, Pospichalova M, Ruprich J. Investigation of patulin and citrinin in grape must and wine from grapes naturally contaminated by strains of Penicillium expansum. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 118:805-811. [PMID: 29908267 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Twenty three strains of Penicillium expansum, as a predominant species, were isolated from 23 (92%) out of 25 grape samples of 17 different grape varieties. The results of the identification of P. expansum strains were confirmed by a PCR method. Most of the isolates of P. expansum (21/23, 91%), when tested for toxigenicity, were bi-toxigenic: they produced citrinin (CIT) and particularly high amounts of patulin (PAT). A validated UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of PAT and CIT was applied. The limits of quantification (LOQ) for PAT and CIT in grape must and toxigenicity testing samples were 100 and 2 ng/g, respectively. The results of PAT and CIT quantification in 23 grape must samples demonstrated the occurrence of PAT in 10 (43%) grape must samples (mean: 171 ng/g; median: 50 ng/g; and range: 143-644 ng/g) and the occurrence of CIT in two (9%) grape must samples (mean: 1 ng/g; median: 1 ng/g; and range: 2.5-3.5 ng/g). This is the first report on the natural occurrence of CIT in grape must. A validated HPLC-UV-VIS method for the determination of PAT in wine samples was applied, and concentrations in all 23 wine samples were below the LOQ (<10 ng/g).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Ostry
- Center for Health, Nutrition and Food, National Institute of Public Health in Prague, Palackeho 3a, CZ - 61242, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Frantisek Malir
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, CZ - 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Cumova
- Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture, Hroznova 65/2, CZ - 65606, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Kyrova
- Center for Health, Nutrition and Food, National Institute of Public Health in Prague, Palackeho 3a, CZ - 61242, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Toman
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, CZ - 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Yann Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France
| | - Marketa Pospichalova
- Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture, Hroznova 65/2, CZ - 65606, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Ruprich
- Center for Health, Nutrition and Food, National Institute of Public Health in Prague, Palackeho 3a, CZ - 61242, Brno, Czech Republic
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16
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Toman J, Ostry V, Grosse Y, Roubal T, Malir F. Occurrence of ochratoxin A in Astragalus propinquus root and its transfer to decoction. Mycotoxin Res 2018; 34:223-227. [PMID: 29696523 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-018-0317-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to conduct a survey assessing (a) the ochratoxin A (OTA) content in different samples of Astragalus propinquus root (AR), one of the fundamental herbs in traditional Chinese medicine, and (b) the rate of OTA transfer to AR decoctions that are traditionally used to reduce general weakness and increase overall vitality. A validated method of high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) was used to determine OTA concentrations in AR samples and AR decoctions. The limit of quantification was 0.35 ng/g; the recovery of the HPLC method for AR samples was 82%; and the relative standard deviation (SD) of repeatability was 2.6%. All 40 tested AR samples were positive, with a mean value of 451.0 ng/g (range, 28.8-1700.0 ng/g). The transfer rate of OTA to decoctions, from a naturally contaminated and homogenized AR sample (internal reference material) with a concentration of OTA of 288.9 ng/g ± 12.3 (SD), was 83.4% ± 8.5 (SD). We believe it is necessary to continue OTA monitoring in AR and other herbal products, estimate the actual human usual intake, and perform health risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Toman
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Vladimir Ostry
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Center for Health, Nutrition and Food, National Institute of Public Health in Prague, Palackeho 3a, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Yann Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon Cedex, France
| | - Tomas Roubal
- Institute of Public Health in Usti nad Labem, Regional Branch Hradec Kralove, Nezvalova 958, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Malir
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Kogevinas M, Gwinn WM, Kriebel D, Phillips DH, Sim M, Bertke SJ, Calaf GM, Colosio C, Fritz JM, Fukushima S, Hemminki K, Jensen AA, Kolstad H, Mráz J, Nesnow S, Nylander-French LA, Parent ME, Sandy M, Smith-Roe SL, Stoner G, Suzuki T, Teixeira JP, Vodicka P, Tornero-Velez R, Guyton KZ, Grosse Y, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Vilahur N, Driscoll T, Hall A, Middleton D, Jaillet C, Mattock H, Straif K. Carcinogenicity of quinoline, styrene, and styrene-7,8-oxide. Lancet Oncol 2018; 19:S1470-2045(18)30316-4. [PMID: 29680246 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(18)30316-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
In 1968, the mycotoxin cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) was first discovered and characterised as a chemical substance. Within the following five decades, much has been learned from the results of CPA research. CPA is produced by several Penicillium species (P. griseofulvum, P. camemberti, P. commune, P. dipodomyicola) and Aspergillus species (A. flavus, A. oryzae and A. tamarii). It is widespread on naturally contaminated agricultural raw materials. CPA has been reported to occur in food commodities (e.g. oilseeds, nuts, cereals, dried figs, milk, cheese and meat products) and to possess toxicological significance. CPA is also frequently detected in peanuts and maize; the presence of CPA and aflatoxins in maize and peanuts contaminated with A. flavus suggests that synergism may occur. CPA is toxic to several animal species, such as rats, pigs, guinea pigs, poultry and dogs. After ingesting CPA-contaminated feeds, test animals display severe gastrointestinal upsets and neurological disorders. Organs affected include the liver, kidney, heart, and digestive tract, which show degenerative changes and necrosis. Biologically, CPA is a specific inhibitor of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase. Data from toxicological evaluation of aflatoxins and CPA in broiler chickens demonstrate that both aflatoxins and CPA alone and the aflatoxin-CPA combination can adversely affect broiler health. The effects of aflatoxins and CPA combination were additive in most cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Ostry
- National Institute of Public Health, Centre for Health, Nutrition and Food, National Reference Centre for Microfungi and Mycotoxins in Food Chains, Palackeho 3a, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - J. Toman
- University of Hradec Kralove, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Y. Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - F. Malir
- University of Hradec Kralove, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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19
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Toman J, Malir F, Ostry V, Kilic MA, Roubal T, Grosse Y, Pfohl-Leszkowicz A. Transfer of ochratoxin A from raw black tea to tea infusions prepared according to the Turkish tradition. J Sci Food Agric 2018; 98:261-265. [PMID: 28580652 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a natural contaminant of food including tea with multiple toxic effects, which poses a threat to human health. In terms of lifestyle, the Turkish population is a frequent visitor of tearooms, and the traditional Turkish tea preparation is one of the most popular ways of preparing tea infusion. RESULTS The aim of this study was to investigate OTA transfer from raw black tea to the tea infusion prepared according to the Turkish tradition. A high-performance liquid chromatography method with a limit of quantification of 0.35 ng g-1 was used for OTA determination. The OTA amount in raw black teas from Turkey ranged from ≤0.35 ng g-1 up to 56.7 ng g-1 . An homogenised sample of black tea naturally contaminated with 55.0 ng g-1 was used to prepare infusions. The OTA transfer from the black tea to the infusion was found to be 41.5% ± 7%. CONCLUSION These data are important for the realisation of a 'Total Diet study' (TDS). The TDS can be a complementary tool to estimate the population dietary exposure to OTA across the entire diet by analysing main foods prepared 'as consumed' (tea infusions) and not 'as purchased' (raw tea). © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Toman
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Malir
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Ostry
- National Institute of Public Health in Prague, Center of Health, Nutrition and Food in Brno, National Reference Center for Microfungi and Mycotoxins in Food Chains, Czech Republic
| | - Mehmet Akif Kilic
- Akdeniz University, Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Tomas Roubal
- Institute of Public Health in Usti nad Labem, Regional Branch Hradec Kralove, National Reference Laboratory for Biomarkers of Mycotoxins and Mycotoxins in Food, Czech Republic
| | - Yann Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Annie Pfohl-Leszkowicz
- Department Bioprocess & Microbial Systems, Laboratory Chemical Engineering, INP/ENSA Toulouse, University of Toulouse, UMR 5503 CNRS/INPT/UPS, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Loomis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Yann Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Neela Guha
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Nadia Vilahur
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Heidi Mattock
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Kurt Straif
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Grosse Y, Loomis D, Guyton KZ, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Mattock H, Straif K. Some chemicals that cause tumours of the urinary tract in rodents. Lancet Oncol 2017; 18:1003-1004. [PMID: 28666821 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(17)30505-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yann Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Dana Loomis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Heidi Mattock
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Kurt Straif
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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22
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Guha N, Loomis D, Guyton KZ, Grosse Y, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Vilahur N, Muller K, Straif K. Carcinogenicity of welding, molybdenum trioxide, and indium tin oxide. Lancet Oncol 2017; 18:581-582. [PMID: 28408286 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(17)30255-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neela Guha
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Dana Loomis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Yann Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Nadia Vilahur
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Karen Muller
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Kurt Straif
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Ostry V, Malir F, Toman J, Grosse Y. Mycotoxins as human carcinogens-the IARC Monographs classification. Mycotoxin Res 2017; 33:65-73. [PMID: 27888487 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-016-0265-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 446] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Humans are constantly exposed to mycotoxins (e.g. aflatoxins, ochratoxins), mainly via food intake of plant and animal origin. The health risks stemming from mycotoxins may result from their toxicity, in particular their carcinogenicity. In order to prevent these risks, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in Lyon (France)-through its IARC Monographs programme-has performed the carcinogenic hazard assessment of some mycotoxins in humans, on the basis of epidemiological data, studies of cancer in experimental animals and mechanistic studies. The present article summarizes the carcinogenic hazard assessments of those mycotoxins, especially aflatoxins (aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2 and M1), fumonisins (fumonisin B1 and B2) and ochratoxin A (OTA). New information regarding the genotoxicity of OTA (formation of OTA-DNA adducts), the role of OTA in oxidative stress and the identification of epigenetic factors involved in OTA carcinogenesis-should they indeed provide strong evidence that OTA carcinogenicity is mediated by a mechanism that also operates in humans-could lead to the reclassification of OTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Ostry
- Center for Health, Nutrition and Food, National Institute of Public Health in Prague, Palackeho 3a, 61242, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Frantisek Malir
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Toman
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Yann Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon, France
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Guyton KZ, Loomis D, Grosse Y, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Mattock H, Straif K. Carcinogenicity of pentachlorophenol and some related compounds. Lancet Oncol 2016; 17:1637-1638. [PMID: 27784619 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(16)30513-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dana Loomis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Yann Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Neela Guha
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Heidi Mattock
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Kurt Straif
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Lauby-Secretan
- From the International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (B.L.-S., C.S., D.L., Y.G., K.S.); and the German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg (F.B.)
| | - Chiara Scoccianti
- From the International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (B.L.-S., C.S., D.L., Y.G., K.S.); and the German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg (F.B.)
| | - Dana Loomis
- From the International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (B.L.-S., C.S., D.L., Y.G., K.S.); and the German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg (F.B.)
| | - Yann Grosse
- From the International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (B.L.-S., C.S., D.L., Y.G., K.S.); and the German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg (F.B.)
| | - Franca Bianchini
- From the International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (B.L.-S., C.S., D.L., Y.G., K.S.); and the German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg (F.B.)
| | - Kurt Straif
- From the International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (B.L.-S., C.S., D.L., Y.G., K.S.); and the German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg (F.B.)
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26
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Loomis D, Guyton KZ, Grosse Y, Lauby-Secretan B, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Mattock H, Straif K. Carcinogenicity of drinking coffee, mate, and very hot beverages. Lancet Oncol 2016; 17:877-878. [PMID: 27318851 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(16)30239-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dana Loomis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Yann Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Neela Guha
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Heidi Mattock
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Kurt Straif
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Dana Loomis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Heidi Mattock
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Kurt Straif
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Lauby-Secretan B, Loomis D, Baan R, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Grosse Y, Straif K. Use of mechanistic data in the IARC evaluations of the carcinogenicity of polychlorinated biphenyls and related compounds. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:2220-9. [PMID: 26077316 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4829-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The IARC Monographs are a series of scientific reviews that identify environmental factors that can increase the risk of cancer in humans. In its first part, the principles and procedures of the IARC Monographs evaluations are summarized. In a second part, we present the most recent IARC evaluation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), performed in February 2013: PCBs and dioxin-like PCBs were both classified into group 1 "carcinogens," while PBBs were evaluated as "probably carcinogenic to humans" (group 2A). Noteworthy is that the relative contributions of different PCB congeners to the carcinogenicity of PCB mixtures are not known. The use of mechanistic data for the classification into a higher category is discussed in the context of the history of the consecutive evaluations of several related polychlorinated compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Lauby-Secretan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Section of the IARC Monographs, 150, cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon, Cedex 08, France.
| | - Dana Loomis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Section of the IARC Monographs, 150, cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon, Cedex 08, France
| | - Robert Baan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Section of the IARC Monographs, 150, cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon, Cedex 08, France
| | - Fatiha El Ghissassi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Section of the IARC Monographs, 150, cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon, Cedex 08, France
| | - Véronique Bouvard
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Section of the IARC Monographs, 150, cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon, Cedex 08, France
| | - Lamia Benbrahim-Tallaa
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Section of the IARC Monographs, 150, cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon, Cedex 08, France
| | - Neela Guha
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Section of the IARC Monographs, 150, cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon, Cedex 08, France
| | - Yann Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Section of the IARC Monographs, 150, cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon, Cedex 08, France
| | - Kurt Straif
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Section of the IARC Monographs, 150, cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon, Cedex 08, France
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Bouvard V, Loomis D, Guyton KZ, Grosse Y, Ghissassi FE, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Mattock H, Straif K. Carcinogenicity of consumption of red and processed meat. Lancet Oncol 2015; 16:1599-600. [PMID: 26514947 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(15)00444-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 938] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dana Loomis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Yann Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Neela Guha
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Heidi Mattock
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Kurt Straif
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Loomis D, Guyton K, Grosse Y, El Ghissasi F, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Mattock H, Straif K. Carcinogenicity of lindane, DDT, and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Lancet Oncol 2015; 16:891-2. [PMID: 26111929 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(15)00081-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dana Loomis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Kathryn Guyton
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Yann Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Neela Guha
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Heidi Mattock
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Kurt Straif
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Guyton KZ, Loomis D, Grosse Y, El Ghissassi F, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Scoccianti C, Mattock H, Straif K. Carcinogenicity of tetrachlorvinphos, parathion, malathion, diazinon, and glyphosate. Lancet Oncol 2015; 16:490-1. [PMID: 25801782 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(15)70134-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 389] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dana Loomis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Yann Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Neela Guha
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Heidi Mattock
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Kurt Straif
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Grosse Y, Loomis D, Guyton KZ, Lauby-Secretan B, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Scoccianti C, Mattock H, Straif K. Carcinogenicity of fluoro-edenite, silicon carbide fibres and whiskers, and carbon nanotubes. Lancet Oncol 2014; 15:1427-1428. [PMID: 25499275 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(14)71109-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yann Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Dana Loomis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Neela Guha
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Heidi Mattock
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Kurt Straif
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Lauby-Secretan B, Loomis D, Guyton KZ, Grosse Y, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Guha N, Mattock H, Straif K. Carcinogenicity of perfluorooctanoic acid, tetrafluoroethylene, dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloropropane, and 1,3-propane sultone. Lancet Oncol 2014; 15:924-5. [DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(14)70316-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Straif K, Loomis D, Guyton K, Grosse Y, Lauby-Secretan B, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Mattock H. Future priorities for the IARC Monographs. Lancet Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(14)70168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Loomis D, Grosse Y, Lauby-Secretan B, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Baan R, Mattock H, Straif K. The carcinogenicity of outdoor air pollution. Lancet Oncol 2013; 14:1262-3. [PMID: 25035875 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(13)70487-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 692] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Grosse Y, Loomis D, Lauby-Secretan B, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Baan R, Mattock H, Straif K. Carcinogenicity of some drugs and herbal products. Lancet Oncol 2013; 14:807-8. [PMID: 24058961 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(13)70329-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Guha N, Loomis D, Grosse Y, Lauby-Secretan B, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Baan R, Mattock H, Straif K. Carcinogenicity of trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, some other chlorinated solvents, and their metabolites. Lancet Oncol 2013; 13:1192-3. [PMID: 23323277 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(12)70485-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Baan RA, Grosse Y, Lauby-Secretan B, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Guha N, Loomis D, Straif K. Carcinogenicity of diesel-engine and gasoline-engine exhausts and some nitroarenes. Lancet Oncol 2012; 13:663-4. [PMID: 22946126 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(12)70280-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bouvard V, Baan RA, Grosse Y, Lauby-Secretan B, El Ghissassi F, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Straif K. Carcinogenicity of malaria and of some polyomaviruses. Lancet Oncol 2012; 13:339-40. [PMID: 22577663 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(12)70125-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Cogliano VJ, Baan R, Straif K, Grosse Y, Lauby-Secretan B, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Freeman C, Galichet L, Wild CP. Preventable exposures associated with human cancers. J Natl Cancer Inst 2011; 103:1827-39. [PMID: 22158127 PMCID: PMC3243677 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djr483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 429] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Revised: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Information on the causes of cancer at specific sites is important to cancer control planners, cancer researchers, cancer patients, and the general public. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monograph series, which has classified human carcinogens for more than 40 years, recently completed a review to provide up-to-date information on the cancer sites associated with more than 100 carcinogenic agents. Based on IARC's review, we listed the cancer sites associated with each agent and then rearranged this information to list the known and suspected causes of cancer at each site. We also summarized the rationale for classifications that were based on mechanistic data. This information, based on the forthcoming IARC Monographs Volume 100, offers insights into the current state-of-the-science of carcinogen identification. Use of mechanistic data to identify carcinogens is increasing, and epidemiological research is identifying additional carcinogens and cancer sites or confirming carcinogenic potential under conditions of lower exposure. Nevertheless, some common human cancers still have few (or no) identified causal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent James Cogliano
- Section of IARC Monographs, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France.
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Baan R, Grosse Y, Lauby-Secretan B, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Islami F, Galichet L, Straif K. Carcinogenicity of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. Lancet Oncol 2011; 12:624-6. [PMID: 21845765 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(11)70147-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Grosse Y, Baan R, Secretan-Lauby B, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Islami F, Galichet L, Straif K. Carcinogenicity of chemicals in industrial and consumer products, food contaminants and flavourings, and water chlorination byproducts. Lancet Oncol 2011; 12:328-9. [DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(11)70088-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kurt S, Baan R, Grosse Y, Secretan B, Ghissassi FE, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Freeman C, Galichet L, Cogliano V. Abstract 869: The IARC Monographs Vol. 100. A critical review and update on human carcinogens. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am10-869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The IARC Monographs have been published continuously since 1971. For the 100th Vol. of the programme the evidence on all human carcinogens that have been identified to date has been updated.
147 experts from 28 countries contributed to the Vol. 100 series which was developed in six meetings from Oct 2008 to Oct 2009 (A. Pharmaceuticals, 23 agents; B. Biological agents, 11 agents; C. Metals, particles and fibres, 14 agents; D. Radiation, 14 agents; E. Lifestyle factors, 11 agents; F. Chemicals and related occupations, 34 agents). For each agent evaluations of the evidence in humans and in experimental animals and an overall evaluation of the human carcinogenicity have been developed and tumour sites with sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity as well as tumour sites that are strongly suspected and plausible mechanisms have been identified.
All Group 1 carcinogens have been re-affirmed, several new Group 1 carcinogens and additional tumour sites for Group 1 carcinogens have been identified. Cancers of the colon, rectum and ovaries (mucinous type) have been added to the long list of tobacco smoking-related cancers, and parental smoking causes hepatoblastoma in the offspring and probably childhood leukemia. Acetaldehyde associated with alcohol consumption is carcinogenic to humans and causes cancers of the oesophagus, and head and neck. Based on sufficient evidence in humans for cutaneous and ocular melanoma, use of UV emitting tanning devices is now classified as “carcinogenic to humans”. In addition to lung cancer and mesothelioma, asbestos has now been linked with cancers of the larynx and ovaries, and leather dust has been identified as causing cancers of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. There is now sufficient epidemiological evidence for TCDD exposure and all cancers combined, making TCDD the first agent classified initially in Group 1 based on sufficient animal data and mechanisms, to be later confirmed by increased cancer incidence in humans. Like TCDD, 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlordibenzofuran and 3,3’,4,4’, 5-pentachlorobiphenyl are complete carcinogens in experimental animals, and there is extensive evidence that they act through the same AhR-mediated mechanism. The Working Group classified these two chemicals in Group 1. The Working Group unanimously reaffirmed the classification of formaldehyde in Group 1, based on sufficient evidence in humans of nasopharyngeal cancer and concluded that, overall, there is sufficient evidence for leukaemia, particularly myeloid leukaemia.
The re-affirmation of all group 1 carcinogens underlines the robust procedures and criteria for human carcinogen identification employed in the IARC Monographs Programme. Two additional Working Groups will be convened to develop scientific publications that build on the data that have been summarized in Volume 100: 1) Tumour-site concordance between humans and experimental animals; 2) Mechanisms involved in human carcinogenesis.
Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 869.
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Baan R, Grosse Y, Straif K, Secretan B, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Freeman C, Galichet L, Cogliano V. A review of human carcinogens--Part F: chemical agents and related occupations. Lancet Oncol 2010; 10:1143-4. [PMID: 19998521 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(09)70358-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 375] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Secretan B, Straif K, Baan R, Grosse Y, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Freeman C, Galichet L, Cogliano V. A review of human carcinogens--Part E: tobacco, areca nut, alcohol, coal smoke, and salted fish. Lancet Oncol 2009; 10:1033-4. [PMID: 19891056 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(09)70326-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 739] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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El Ghissassi F, Baan R, Straif K, Grosse Y, Secretan B, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Freeman C, Galichet L, Cogliano V. A review of human carcinogens--part D: radiation. Lancet Oncol 2009. [PMID: 19655431 DOI: 10.1016/s1470‐2045(09)70213‐x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
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El Ghissassi F, Baan R, Straif K, Grosse Y, Secretan B, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Freeman C, Galichet L, Cogliano V. A review of human carcinogens—Part D: radiation. Lancet Oncol 2009; 10:751-2. [PMID: 19655431 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(09)70213-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 564] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Straif K, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Baan R, Grosse Y, Secretan B, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Guha N, Freeman C, Galichet L, Cogliano V. A review of human carcinogens--Part C: metals, arsenic, dusts, and fibres. Lancet Oncol 2009; 10:453-4. [PMID: 19418618 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(09)70134-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 522] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Bouvard V, Baan R, Straif K, Grosse Y, Secretan B, El Ghissassi F, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Freeman C, Galichet L, Cogliano V. A review of human carcinogens--Part B: biological agents. Lancet Oncol 2009; 10:321-2. [PMID: 19350698 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(09)70096-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2023] [Impact Index Per Article: 134.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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