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Bellissima BL, Burns KE, Helsby NA, Kingston EL, Garavan F, Tingle MD. Clozapine metabolism and cardiotoxicity: A prospective longitudinal study. Int J Cardiol 2024; 403:131788. [PMID: 38244893 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.131788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clozapine-induced myocarditis and cardiomyopathy are difficult to detect clinically and may be fatal if not detected early. The current/routine biomarkers for clozapine-induced myocarditis are non-specific indicators of inflammation (C-reactive protein) or cardiomyocyte damage (troponins I and T) that lack sensitivity, and for which changes often arise too late to be clinically useful. METHODS The Clozapine Safety Study was a prospective, longitudinal, observational study to determine what, if any, the plasma concentrations of clozapine, N-desmethylclozapine, and clozapine-N-oxide in patients contribute to cardiotoxicity. Samples were collected and analysed using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry over a 41-month period from patients in the Auckland District Health Board. RESULTS Sixty-seven patients were included. Six patients were diagnosed with myocarditis; none were diagnosed with cardiomyopathy in the study period. In patients not undergoing dose titration, clozapine biotransformation may shift to the N-oxide pathway rather than the N-desmethyl pathway with increasing dose. During dose titration, the timeframe in which myocarditis occurs, the rate of increase in the plasma concentration of clozapine-N-oxide, as well as the ratio of N-oxidation relative to N-desmethylation, were significantly higher in patients diagnosed with myocarditis. CONCLUSIONS The assessment of clozapine-N-oxide formation, and N-oxidation relative to N-desmethylation ratios during treatment, may help identify a biomarker to aid the early detection of patients at risk of developing clozapine-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandi L Bellissima
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Kathryn E Burns
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Nuala A Helsby
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Ellen L Kingston
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Fintan Garavan
- Department of Forensic Pathology, Auckland District Health Board, LabPLUS, Auckland City Hospital, Gate 4, Grafton Road, PO Box 110031, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Malcom D Tingle
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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Yan M, Wang H, Wei R, Li W. Arsenic trioxide: applications, mechanisms of action, toxicity and rescue strategies to date. Arch Pharm Res 2024; 47:249-271. [PMID: 38147202 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01481-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Arsenical medicine has obtained its status in traditional Chinese medicine for more than 2,000 years. In the 1970s, arsenic trioxide was identified to have high efficacy and potency for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia, which promoted many studies on the therapeutic effects of arsenic trioxide. Currently, arsenic trioxide is widely used to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia and various solid tumors through various mechanisms of action in clinical practice; however, it is accompanied by a series of adverse reactions, especially cardiac toxicity. This review presents a comprehensive overview of arsenic trioxide from preclinical and clinical efficacy, potential mechanisms of action, toxicities, and rescue strategies for toxicities to provide guidance or assistance for the clinical application of arsenic trioxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Rui Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Pharmacy Department, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenwen Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Jen WY, Sasaki K, Rausch CR, DiNardo CD, Kadia TM, Yilmaz M, Borthakur G, Alvarado Y, McCue D, McCue D, Kantarjian HM, Ravandi F. Acute kidney injury in acute promyelocytic leukemia: a possible adverse effect of high dose arsenic trioxide in obese patients. Leuk Lymphoma 2024; 65:378-382. [PMID: 38054837 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2023.2290467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO)-based regimens are standard in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). ATO-related nephrotoxicity has not been reported. We reviewed APL patients treated with ATO to identify cases of acute kidney injury (AKI). Clinically significant cases were characterized. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify predictors of idiopathic, clinically significant AKI. One hundred and eight patients were included. ATO dose was 0.15 mg/kg/day using actual body weight with no dose cap. Thirty-one (28.7%) AKI cases were identified, 10 (32.3%) clinically significant. Six were idiopathic; five required dialysis. The proportion with significant, idiopathic AKI was 15.8% in patients receiving >15mg ATO versus 0% in those receiving ≤15mg (p = 0.001). On multivariate analysis, only ATO dose was a significant predictor of clinically significant AKI (odds ratio of 1.91, 95%CI, 1.19-3.07, p = 0.007). High-dose ATO may be associated with significant nephrotoxicity. We recommend that ATO dose be capped at 15 mg to minimize toxicity for this curable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ying Jen
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Koji Sasaki
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Caitlin R Rausch
- Division of Pharmacy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Courtney D DiNardo
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tapan M Kadia
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Musa Yilmaz
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gautam Borthakur
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yesid Alvarado
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David McCue
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Deborah McCue
- Division of Pharmacy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hagop M Kantarjian
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Farhad Ravandi
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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4
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Langdon K, Cosentino S, Wawryk O. Superiority of anthracycline-free treatment in standard-risk acute promyelocytic leukemia: A systematic review and comparative epidemiological analysis. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e2035. [PMID: 38507294 PMCID: PMC10953833 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.2035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent advances in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML) have seen unprecedented improvements in patient outcomes. However, such rapid growth in understanding often leads to uncertainty regarding superiority among candidate treatment regimens, especially when further scrutinized from an epidemiological perspective. AIMS The aim of this systematic review with epidemiological analysis was to identify and compare commonly utilized protocols for standard-risk APML with a particular focus on complete remission (CR), overall/disease-free survival (DFS), and reported adverse events. METHODS AND RESULTS Medline, Scopus, and CINAHL were interrogated to identify studies utilizing all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in addition to arsenic trioxide (ATO) and/or anthracyclines such as idarubicin (IDA) in the treatment of de-novo APML. After collation of studies, an epidemiological analysis was subsequently performed to compare protocols with regards to outcomes of interest using number needed to benefit (NNB) and number needed to harm (NNH) measures. Seventeen articles, describing 12 distinct trials, were included in the analysis. These trials made use of three unique protocols; CR rates were 94%-100% for ATO/ATRA regimens, 95%-96% for ATO/ATRA/anthracycline regimens, and 89%-94% for ATRA/anthracycline regimens. Epidemiological analysis demonstrated NNB for CR was 9.09 (ATO/ATRA vs. ATRA/IDA) and 20.00 (ATO/ATRA vs. ATO/ATRA/IDA), NNH for neutropenia was -3.45 (ATO/ATRA vs. ATRA/IDA), and NNH for infection was -3.13 (ATO/ATRA vs. ATRA/IDA) and -1.89 (ATO/ATRA vs. ATO/ATRA/IDA). CONCLUSION The ATO/ATRA regimen is superior to chemotherapy-containing protocols at inducing remission and promoting survival in patients with APML. The regimen is better tolerated than the proposed alternatives with fewer adverse events. Future research opportunities include quantifying APML epidemiology and pursuing oral arsenic as an option for simplification of therapeutic protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kane Langdon
- College of Medicine and DentistryJames Cook UniversityCairnsQueenslandAustralia
- Division of MedicineCairns Base HospitalCairnsQueenslandAustralia
- Division of Medicine, Dentistry and Health SciencesUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Stevie Cosentino
- Division of MedicineCairns Base HospitalCairnsQueenslandAustralia
| | - Olivia Wawryk
- Division of Medicine, Dentistry and Health SciencesUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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Singh C, Saini M, Jain A, Lad D, Prakash G, Khadwal A, Naseem S, Malhotra P. Fertility and parenthood in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with Arsenic Trioxide and All-Trans retinoic acid. Blood Cancer J 2024; 14:14. [PMID: 38238308 PMCID: PMC10796907 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-024-00984-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Charanpreet Singh
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manpreet Saini
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Arihant Jain
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Deepesh Lad
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gaurav Prakash
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Alka Khadwal
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shano Naseem
- Department of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pankaj Malhotra
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
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Zhang Z, Zhang S, Zhang F, Zhang Q, Wei H, Xiu R, Zhao Y, Sui M. Clinical Indicators of Hepatotoxicity in Newly Diagnosed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Patients Undergoing Arsenic Trioxide Treatment. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:122-132. [PMID: 37097388 PMCID: PMC10764564 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03676-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO)-induced hepatotoxicity is often observed in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients and decreases therapeutic effect of ATO. Thus, concerns over hepatotoxicity have been raised. The aim of this study was to explore some noninvasive clinical indicators that can be used to guide the individualized application of ATO in the future. APL patients treated with ATO were identified retrospectively via electronic health records at our hospital from August 2014 through August 2019. APL patients without hepatotoxicity were selected as controls. The association between putative risk factors and ATO-induced hepatotoxicity was estimated with ORs and 95% CIs, which were calculated using the chi-square test. The subsequent multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression analysis. In total, 58.04% of patients experienced ATO-induced hepatotoxicity during the first week. Elevated hemoglobin (OR 8.653, 95% CI, 1.339-55.921), administration of nonprophylactic hepatoprotective agents (OR 36.455, 95% CI, 7.409-179.364), non-single-agent ATO to combat leukocytosis (OR 20.108, 95% CI, 1.357-297.893) and decreased fibrinogen (OR 3.496, 95% CI, 1.127-10.846) were found to be statistically significant risk factors for ATO-induced hepatotoxicity. The area under the ROC curve values were 0.846 for "overall ATO-induced hepatotoxicity" and 0.819 for "early ATO-induced hepatotoxicity." The results revealed that hemoglobin ≥ 80 g/L, nonprophylactic hepatoprotective agents, and non-single-agent ATO and fibrinogen < 1 g/L are risk factors for ATO-induced hepatotoxicity in newly diagnosed APL patients. These findings can enhance the clinical diagnosis of hepatotoxicity. Prospective studies should be performed in the future to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Zhang
- Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
- Department of Hematology, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shunji Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruolin Xiu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanhong Zhao
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Meijuan Sui
- Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Huang X, Liu Y, Liu R, Zou X, Yang H. The efficacy and adverse events of arsenic trioxide for the patients with myelodysplastic syndrome: a systematic review and component network meta-analysis. Hematology 2023; 28:2274149. [PMID: 37908176 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2023.2274149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arsenic trioxide (ATO) might be effective for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) by apoptosis induction and demethylation. But ATO has not been widely recommended for small sample and conflicting conclusion of existing trials. This review aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy of regimens containing ATO for the MDS and explore optimal combination. METHOD Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) about ATO regimens were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Embase and PubMed. With odds ratio (OR) as the effect size, network meta-analysis (NMA) and component network meta-analysis (CNMA) were conducted by R and 'netmeta' package, after study selection, quality assessment and data extraction. RESULT Thirty-night RCTs were included with a total of 2125 patients, including 1235 treated by ATO containing regimen. With support therapy alone as reference, no inconsistency and heterogeneity were observed. Although NMA did not demonstrate better efficacy of ATO alone, the result of CNMA indicated that ATO was effective in the improvement of overall remission (ORR) [OR = 2.09(1.61, 2.71)] and complete remission (CR) [OR = 1.66(1.25, 2.21)]. Five ATO-containing regimens reported could effectively improve ORR, some of them benefit in CR or hematological improvement (HI) as well. ATO + Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), ATO + Thalidomide (T)+TCM, ATO + Chemotherapy (Chem)+T + TCM were regarded as the optimal combination, which improved both ORR, CR and HI in theory. ATO did not increase the risk of common adverse events compared to supportive therapy [(OR = 0.90(0.67, 1.21)]. CONCLUSION ATO may be an effective and well-tolerant option for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Huang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Liu
- The First Clinical Medicine College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixuan Liu
- The First Clinical Medicine College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiu Zou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Liwan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyong Yang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Aksun SS, Ekici MA, Helvacioğlu Kivanç B. The Effect of Calcium Silicate-Based Materials on Tooth Discoloration and Evaluation of Color Change After Bleaching Treatment: A Spectrophotometric Study. INT J PERIODONT REST 2023; 43:s1-s8. [PMID: 37294589 DOI: 10.11607/prd.6097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate tooth discoloration after the use of calcium silicate-based materials and to examine the effect of internal bleaching on tooth discoloration. MATERIALS AND METHODS The specimens were randomly divided into two experimental groups (n = 45) and a control group (n = 6). Cavities were filled with ProRoot MTA (Dentsply) in Group 1 and Biodentine (Septodont) in Group 2. Color measurements were taken with a spectrophotometer before and after the application of materials at 1 week and then at 13, and 6 months. After 6 months, Groups 1 and 2 were divided into three subgroups according to internal bleaching techniques. All color change ratios and lightness differences were calculated using the CIE L*a*b* system. Data were analyzed using repeated ANOVA and the Kruskal-Wallis test (P = .05). RESULTS There were statistically significant differences between Groups 1 and 2 at all time intervals (P < .05). Group 1 showed more discoloration than Group 2 (P < .05). There were no significant differences between the bleaching agents (P > .05). Additionally, specimens in both groups became lighter than their initial color (P < .05). CONCLUSION Teeth treated with ProRoot MTA exhibited darkening at 1 week that increased over time, whereas those treated with Biodentine maintained the lightness for 6 months.
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Kulkarni UP, Selvarajan S, Fouzia NA, Lionel S, Nair SC, Balasubramanian P, Mani T, Abraham A, George B, Mathews V. Intracranial bleeding in acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with arsenic trioxide based regimens is associated with induction mortality but not with relapse. Blood Cancer J 2023; 13:94. [PMID: 37349334 PMCID: PMC10287743 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-023-00873-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sushil Selvarajan
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - N A Fouzia
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Sharon Lionel
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Sukesh Chandran Nair
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | | | - Thenmozhi Mani
- Department of Biostatistics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Aby Abraham
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Biju George
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Vikram Mathews
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
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Aziz Z, Washington MK, Jacobse J, Choksi Y. A method for scoring 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide-induced murine esophageal squamous neoplasia. Vet Pathol 2023; 60:384-393. [PMID: 36726342 PMCID: PMC10150265 DOI: 10.1177/03009858231151381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A mouse model for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is induced by oral administration of the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO). There is not an objective method for determining histopathologic severity of disease in this model. We aim to create a clearly defined and easily applied scoring system that can quantify the severity of 4-NQO-induced murine ESCC. Fifteen wild-type C57BL/6J mice were treated with 4-NQO for 8 (n = 8) or 16 (n = 7) weeks, while the rest (n = 9) were treated with vehicle, as 8 weeks of 4-NQO typically results in dysplasia and 16 weeks in carcinoma. We identified histologic abnormalities of the esophagus in this model and developed metrics to grade severity of dysplasia, papillomas, and invasion. Scores were then calculated using quantitative digitized image analysis for measuring depth and extent of each feature within the entire sample. Each feature was also assigned a weight based on its relation to cancer severity. Histology scores were significantly different in the three groups, suggesting that this method can discriminate dysplasia from carcinoma. This model can be applied to any mouse treated with 4-NQO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaryab Aziz
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center,
Nashville, TN
| | | | - Justin Jacobse
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center,
Nashville, TN
- Leiden University Medical Center,
Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yash Choksi
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center,
Nashville, TN
- VA Tennessee Valley Health Care System,
Nashville, TN
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Singh C, Yanamandra U, Karunakaran P, Jindal N, Kumar SR, Saini N, Jandial A, Jain A, Das C, Lad D, Prakash G, Khadwal A, Naseem S, Das R, Varma N, Varma S, Malhotra P. Long-term real-world outcomes of patients with acute promyelocytic leukaemia treated with arsenic trioxide and all-trans retinoic acid without chemotherapy-a retrospective, single-centre study. Br J Haematol 2023; 201:249-255. [PMID: 36529704 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) form the backbone of the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL), with the addition of chemotherapy for high-risk patients. We describe our experience of treating patients with APL of all risk classes with ATO and ATRA without chemotherapeutic agents. Patients received induction with ATO and ATRA followed by three cycles of consolidation with ATO and ATRA (each 1 month apart) after achieving morphological remission. Patients with intermediate- and high-risk disease received a further 2 years of maintenance with ATRA, 6-mercaptopurine and methotrexate. A total of 206 patients were included in the study. The majority of the patients were intermediate risk (51.9%), followed by high risk (43.2%). Differentiation syndrome was seen in 41 patients (19.9%). Overall, 25 patients (12.1%) died within 7 days of initiating therapy. Seven patients relapsed during follow-up. The mean (SD) estimated 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) in the entire cohort was 79% [5.8%] and 80% [5.8%] respectively. After excluding patients who died within 7 days of therapy initiation, the mean (SD) estimated 5-year EFS and OS was 90% [5.8%] and 93% [3.9%] respectively. Our study shows that treatment of all risk classes of APL with ATO and ATRA without chemotherapy is associated with excellent long-term outcomes in the real-world setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charanpreet Singh
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Uday Yanamandra
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
- Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Parathan Karunakaran
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai, India
| | - Nishant Jindal
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
- BMT Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, ACTREC-Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Saloni Rani Kumar
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
- Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Neha Saini
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Aditya Jandial
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Arihant Jain
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Chandan Das
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Deepesh Lad
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gaurav Prakash
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Alka Khadwal
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shano Naseem
- Department of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Reena Das
- Department of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Neelam Varma
- Department of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Subhash Varma
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pankaj Malhotra
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Javed H, Chudary QUN, Iftikhar R, Shahbaz N, Ali M, Hamayun S. Treatment Outcomes Of Patients With Newly Diagnosed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia; Experience From A Developing Country. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2022; 34:791-796. [PMID: 36566401 DOI: 10.55519/jamc-04-10127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) characterized by t (15;17) leading to formation of fusion protein PML-RARA is an acute leukaemia with highest mortality. A remarkable improvement in the outcomes has been witnessed due to evolution of highly effective targeted therapies replacing the traditional chemotherapy is most patients. However limited data is available regarding treatment outcomes of APL using various novel regimens from developing countries like Pakistan. METHODS This was a retrospective descriptive study which included APL patients treated at AFBMTC Rawalpindi from 2005 to 2020. It included a total of 51 eligible patients with a diagnosis of de novo APL confirmed by the presence of PML-RARA transcript or presence of t (15;17) by cytogenetics or FISH analysis. The protocols used for treatment included the UKAML MRC 12, the LPA-99/LPA-2005 PETHEMA, the APML4 and non-chemotherapy based ATO-ATRA protocol. RESULTS The study included 51 patients in which 31 (60.78%) were male and 20 (39.2%) were female. The median age at diagnosis was 30 years (range 5-70). The commonest symptom was fever seen in 43 (84.3%) patients and bruising was the commonest physical finding present in 44 (86.3%) patients. High-risk patients were 23 (46.1%), 18 (35.3%) were intermediate risk and 10 (19.6%) were low risk. The LPA99/LPA2005 was most frequently employed protocol being used in 36 (72%) patients. There were 2 deaths during induction and 44 (86.3%) achieved CR post induction. The median follow up time was 32 months (range 1 to 190 months) with an overall survival (OS) of 76.5% and a relapse free survival (RFS) of 66.7. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows APL is a highly curable malignancy and outcomes have improved with newer non chemotherapy based therapies. It can also be concluded that outcomes of APL gradually improved over the past 2 decades due to improvement in supportive care, provision of blood products and use of newer protocols. The prognosis remains less favourable in high risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hammad Javed
- Armed Forces Bone Marrow Transplant Center, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | | | - Raheel Iftikhar
- Armed Forces Bone Marrow Transplant Center, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Nighat Shahbaz
- Armed Forces Bone Marrow Transplant Center, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Mehreen Ali
- Armed Forces Bone Marrow Transplant Center, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Saima Hamayun
- Armed Forces Bone Marrow Transplant Center, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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13
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Kong IC, Ko KS, Koh DC, Chon CM. Comparative Effects of Particle Sizes of Cobalt Nanoparticles to Nine Biological Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6767. [PMID: 32942696 PMCID: PMC7555351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The differences in the toxicity of cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co-NPs) of two different sizes were evaluated in the contexts of the activities of bacterial bioluminescence, xyl-lux gene, enzyme function and biosynthesis of β-galactosidase, bacterial gene mutation, algal growth, and plant seed germination and root/shoot growth. Each size of Co-NP exhibited a different level of toxicity (sensitivity) in each biological activity. No revertant mutagenic ratio (greater than 2.0) of Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 was observed under the test conditions in the case of gene-mutation experiments. Overall, the inhibitory effects on all five bacterial bioassays were greater than those on algal growth, seed germination, and root growth. However, in all cases, the small Co-NPs showed statistically greater (total average about two times) toxicity than the large Co-NPs, except in shoot growth, which showed no observable inhibition. These findings demonstrate that particle size may be an important physical factor determining the fate of Co-NPs in the environment. Moreover, combinations of results based on various biological activities and physicochemical properties, rather than only a single activity and property, would better facilitate accurate assessment of NPs' toxicity in ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Chul Kong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyungsan 38541, Korea;
| | - Kyung-Seok Ko
- Geologic Environment Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources (KIGAM), Daejeon 34132, Korea; (D.-C.K.); (C.-M.C.)
| | - Dong-Chan Koh
- Geologic Environment Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources (KIGAM), Daejeon 34132, Korea; (D.-C.K.); (C.-M.C.)
| | - Chul-Min Chon
- Geologic Environment Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources (KIGAM), Daejeon 34132, Korea; (D.-C.K.); (C.-M.C.)
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14
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Fujimoto N, Amantayeva G, Chaizhunussova N, Shabdarbayeva D, Abishev Z, Ruslanova B, Zhunussov Y, Azhimkhanov A, Zhumadilov K, Petukhov A, Stepanenko V, Hoshi M. Low-Dose Radiation Exposure with 56MnO 2 Powder Changes Gene Expressions in the Testes and the Prostate in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144989. [PMID: 32679808 PMCID: PMC7404114 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the biological effects of internal exposure of radioactive 56MnO2 powder, the major radioisotope dust in the soil after atomic bomb explosions, on male reproductive function, the gene expression of the testes and the prostate was examined. Ten-week-old male Wistar rats were exposed to three doses of radioactive 56MnO2 powder (41-100 mGy in whole body doses), stable MnO2 powder, or external 60Co γ-rays (2 Gy). Animals were necropsied on Days 3 and 61 postexposure. The mRNA expressions of testicular marker protein genes and prostatic secretory protein genes were quantified by Q-RT-PCR. On Day 3 postexposure, the testicular gene expressions of steroidogenesis-related enzymes, Cyp17a1 and Hsd3b1, decreased in 56MnO2-exposed groups. Germ cell-specific Spag4 and Zpbp mRNA levels were also reduced. On postexposure Day 61, the Cyp11a1 gene expression became significantly reduced in the testes in the group exposed to the highest dose of 56MnO2, while another steroidogenesis-related StAR gene mRNA level reduced in the 60Co γ-rays group. There were no differences in Spag4 and Zpbp mRNA levels among groups on Day 61. No histopathological changes were observed in the testes in any group following exposure. Expression in the prostatic protein genes, including CRP1, KS3, and PSP94, significantly decreased in 56MnO2-exposed groups as well as in the 60Co γ-rays group on Day 61 postexposure. These data suggest that the internal exposure to 56MnO2 powder, at doses of less than 100 mGy, affected the gene expressions in the testis and the prostate, while 2 Gy of external γ-irradiation was less effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nariaki Fujimoto
- Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 7340037, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +81-(82)-257-5820
| | - Gaukhar Amantayeva
- Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan; (G.A.); (N.C.); (D.S.); (Z.A.); (B.R.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Nailya Chaizhunussova
- Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan; (G.A.); (N.C.); (D.S.); (Z.A.); (B.R.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Dariya Shabdarbayeva
- Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan; (G.A.); (N.C.); (D.S.); (Z.A.); (B.R.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Zhaslan Abishev
- Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan; (G.A.); (N.C.); (D.S.); (Z.A.); (B.R.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Bakhyt Ruslanova
- Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan; (G.A.); (N.C.); (D.S.); (Z.A.); (B.R.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yersin Zhunussov
- Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan; (G.A.); (N.C.); (D.S.); (Z.A.); (B.R.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Almas Azhimkhanov
- National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan;
| | - Kassym Zhumadilov
- L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Aleksey Petukhov
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center-National Medical Research Center of Radiology, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 249031 Obninsk, Russia; (A.P.); (V.S.)
| | - Valeriy Stepanenko
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center-National Medical Research Center of Radiology, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 249031 Obninsk, Russia; (A.P.); (V.S.)
| | - Masaharu Hoshi
- The Center for Peace, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 7300053, Japan;
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Ma X, Zhu F, Jin Q. Antibiotics and chemical disease-control agents reduce innate disease resistance in crayfish. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 86:169-178. [PMID: 30453045 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aquaculture industry has developed rapidly in recent years, and in China Crayfish Procambarus clarkii represent an important aquaculture fishery. However, bacterial and viral diseases are becoming an increasingly serious threat, causing considerable economic losses. Farmers use a large number of drugs and chemicals to destroy pathogenic microorganisms and to purify aquaculture water. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of such drugs on crayfish immune systems. Five of the most commonly used fishery drugs and water treatment chemicals were analyzed: norfloxacin, calcium hypochlorite, quick lime, povidone iodine and copper sulfate. Crayfish immune activity tests revealed that total hemocytes counts, as well as the activities of phenoloxidase and superoxide dismutase, decreased following exposure to all five treatments. These treatments, especially calcium hypochlorite and norfloxacin, significantly enhanced hemocyte apoptosis in crayfish, regardless of disease status. Calcium hypochlorite, in particular, led to a significant decrease in the survival rates of crayfish infected with white spot syndrome virus or Vibrio alginolyticus. Our results indicate that water treatment and disease control compounds commonly used in aquaculture can reduce the innate immunity and therefore disease resistance of crayfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongchao Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Fei Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
| | - Qingri Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
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Moya-Salazar J, Rojas-Zumaran V. Eco-Pap: The Ecological Modification of the Papanicolaou Stain for Sustainable Cervical Cancer Diagnosis. Acta Cytol 2018; 63:35-43. [PMID: 30352442 DOI: 10.1159/000493113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To validate the ecological modification of the Papanicolaou stain (Eco-Pap) for the diagnosis of cervical cancer. STUDY DESIGN A prospective study was performed at the Mother and Child "San Bartolomé" Hospital, Lima, Peru. Reagent handling strategies were divided into three phases: we used (1) Harris progressive hematoxylin (for nuclear staining), (2) a polychromatic solution (a mix of EA-36/Orange G-6 to suppress the use of several alcohol baths), and (3) direct mounting (with Entellan® solution). The cellular details were analyzed by the staining quality index, an external quality control, and the Bethesda System 2014. RESULTS We evaluated 72,901 cervical smears stained with the Eco-Pap. The validation of the Eco-Pap against the conventional Pap stain was optimal (κ = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.87-0.92), showing a sensibility and specificity of 88.3% (95% CI: 85.1-90.0) and 98.7% (95% CI: 98-99.2), respectively. The Eco-Pap dramatically reduced the environmental pollution caused by 72 L of xylene, hydrochloric acid, and ammonia (6 L each) and mercury oxide. CONCLUSION The Eco-Pap is an innovative and efficient staining method reducing the use of toxic reagents with carcinogenic potential during cervical cancer screening by exfoliative cytology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeel Moya-Salazar
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Nacional Docente Madre-Niño San Bartolomé, Lima,
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Continental, Huancayo,
| | - Víctor Rojas-Zumaran
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Nacional Docente Madre-Niño San Bartolomé, Lima, Peru
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Continental, Huancayo, Peru
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Zheng T, Gao Y, Deng X, Liu H, Liu J, Liu R, Shao J, Li Y, Jia L. Comparisons between Graphene Oxide and Graphdiyne Oxide in Physicochemistry Biology and Cytotoxicity. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:32946-32954. [PMID: 30179007 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b06804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Graphdiyne (GDY) and graphene are regarded as two promising two-dimensional carbon-based materials, which have unique planar structure and novel electronic properties. Differences between the two carbon allotropes in their physicochemistry biology and cytotoxicity have never been explored. Here, we chemically functionalized the surface of the two carbon allotropes using similar oxidation processes and compared their physicochemistry, biology, and mutagenesis. Graphene oxide (GO) and GDY oxide (GDYO) showed similarities in their size, morphology, and physical spectral characteristics, excepting the differences in sp- and sp2-hybridizations and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. GDYO was well soluble in various media. In contrast, GO was only soluble in H2O, but kinetically aggregated in 0.9% NaCl, phosphate buffered saline, and cell media within 24 h incubation when its concentrations increased. GO nanoparticles adhered and aggregated to the surface of a human hepatocyte membrane, resulting in cell membrane ruffle, methuosis, and apoptosis. Adhesion of GO to cells caused cell stress and induced reactive oxygen species. In contrast, GDYO did not adhere to the cell membrane to produce the related consequences. Both GDYO and GO showed in vivo mutagenesis potential but no erythrocyte-killing effect, and both were antioxidant and bioequivalent at binding to single-stranded DNA and doxorubicin, thus causing fluorescence quenching. The present study significantly enriches our existing knowledge of GO/alkene and GDYO/alkyne chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zheng
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350002 , China
| | - Yu Gao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350002 , China
| | - Xiaoxiao Deng
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350002 , China
| | - Huibiao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Jian Liu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350002 , China
| | - Ran Liu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350002 , China
| | - Jingwei Shao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350002 , China
| | - Yuliang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Lee Jia
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350002 , China
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Truchado P, Gil MI, Suslow T, Allende A. Impact of chlorine dioxide disinfection of irrigation water on the epiphytic bacterial community of baby spinach and underlying soil. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199291. [PMID: 30020939 PMCID: PMC6051574 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The contamination of pathogenic bacteria through irrigation water is a recognized risk factor for fresh produce. Irrigation water disinfection is an intervention strategy that could be applied to reduce the probability of microbiological contamination of crops. Disinfection treatments should be applied ensuring minimum effective doses, which are efficient in inhibiting the microbial contamination while avoiding formation and accumulation of chemical residues. Among disinfection technologies available for growers, chlorine dioxide (ClO2) represents, after sodium hypochlorite, an alternative disinfection treatment, which is commercially applied by growers in the USA and Spain. However, in most of the cases, the suitability of this treatment has been tested against pathogenic bacteria and low attention have been given to the impact of chemical residues on the bacterial community of the vegetable tissue. The aim of this study was to (i) to evaluate the continual application of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) as a water disinfection treatment of irrigation water during baby spinach growth in commercial production open fields, and (ii) to determine the subsequent impact of these treatments on the bacterial communities in water, soil, and baby spinach. To gain insight into the changes in the bacterial community elicited by ClO2, samples of treated and untreated irrigation water as well as the irrigated soil and baby spinach were analyzed using Miseq® Illumina sequencing platform. Next generation sequencing and multivariate statistical analysis revealed that ClO2 treatment of irrigation water did not affect the diversity of the bacterial community of water, soil and crop, but significant differences were observed in the relative abundance of specific bacterial genera. This demonstrates the different susceptibility of the bacteria genera to the ClO2 treatment. Based on the obtained results it can be concluded that the phyllosphere bacterial community of baby spinach was more influenced by the soil bacteria community rather than that of irrigation water. In the case of baby spinach, the use of low residual ClO2 concentrations (approx. 0.25 mg/L) to treat irrigation water decreased the relative abundance of Pseudomonaceae (2.28-fold) and Enterobacteriaceae (2.5-fold) when comparing treated versus untreated baby spinach. Members of these two bacterial families are responsible for food spoilage and foodborne illnesses. Therefore, a reduction of these bacterial families might be beneficial for the crop and for food safety. In general it can be concluded that the constant application of ClO2 as a disinfection treatment for irrigation water only caused changes in two bacterial families of the baby spinach and soil microbiota, without affecting the major phyla and classes. The significance of these changes in the bacterial community should be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Truchado
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Isabel Gil
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Trevor Suslow
- Department of Plant Science, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Mann Laboratory, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Ana Allende
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Song P, Hai Y, Ma W, Zhao L, Wang X, Xie Q, Li Y, Wu Z, Li Y, Li H. Arsenic trioxide combined with transarterial chemoembolization for unresectable primary hepatic carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e0613. [PMID: 29718867 PMCID: PMC6392962 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000010613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) is the third commonest leading to cancer death around the world, and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) has been proposed as the first-line therapeutic treatment for patients with unresectable PHC. This study aims to determine whether the combination of As2O3 and TACE is superior to alone TACE for achieving more clinical therapeutic efficacy, survival time, life quality and safety in patients with unresectable PHC. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted on the clinical controlled trials comparing therapeutic effects of As2O3 & TACE versus alone TACE for unresectable PHC through English databases (including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library) and Chinese databases (including China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database, Wanfang Database, Weipu Database, and Chinese Biomedical Database). The last search was in 30 August 2017. A recursive search was performed with bibliographies of relevant studies. There were no language restrictions. Primary outcomes, defined a priori, were therapeutic responses (clinical effective rate and clinical benefit rate), survival time, life quality, and adverse events of As2O3 & TACE compared with alone TACE expressed as relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS 25 clinical controlled trials involving 1886 participants were included. We found that there were significant superiority associated with As2O3 & TACE compared with alone TACE in clinical benefit rate (RR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.12-1.37), clinical effective rate (RR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.17-1.55), 2-year survival rate (RR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.20-1.75), and improving of KPS (RR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.14-1.50). These associations were also observed in subgroups by intervened methods of As2O3 and pulmonary metastasis. Notably, the pooled relative risk of retention of sodium and water was obviously raised in patients with As2O3 & TACE therapy (RR: 16.616, 95% CI: 8.01 - 34.486). CONCLUSION The superiority of adjuvant As2O3 therapy combined with TACE in PHC individuals will outweigh alone TACE therapy, especially in PHC populations with pulmonary metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Song
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Chronic Disease by Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Hai
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University
| | | | | | - Xin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University
| | - Qinjian Xie
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences
| | - Yang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University
| | | | - Yingdong Li
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Chronic Disease by Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University
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20
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Collinge E, Tigaud I, Balme B, Gerland LM, Sujobert P, Carlioz V, Salles G, Thomas X, Paubelle E. Case report: Purulent transformation of granulocytic sarcoma: An unusual pattern of differentiation in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e9657. [PMID: 29465554 PMCID: PMC5841987 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a curable subtype of acute myeloid leukemia. APL is currently treated with combination of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) resulting in the induction of apoptosis and differentiation of the leukemic cells. Differentiation syndrome (so-called ATRA syndrome) is the main life-threatening complication of induction therapy with these differentiating agents. PATIENT CONCERNS Herein, we report the case of a 49-year-old woman diagnosed with APL with, concomitantly, a bulky cutaneous lesion of 10 cm diameter with a red-to-purple background and a necrotic center, localized on her abdomen. DIAGNOSES After 10 days of treatment, the cutaneous lesion became purulent. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis performed on this pus confirmed the presence of malignant features in the involved granulocytes proving their origin from the differentiation of leukemic APL cells, as all the analyzed nuclei showed 2 promyelocytic leukemia (PML)-retinoic acid receptor-a (RARA) fusions signals. INTERVENTION The association by ATRA and ATO was continued. OUTCOME Eventually, the evolution was favorable with healing in three weeks. LESSONS This case report therefore highlights the differentiation phenomenon of promyelocytic blasts within promyelocytic sarcoma with the ATRA-ATO combination and the efficacy of this drug association in resolving both the malignant sarcoma and a secondary local infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Collinge
- Department of Hematology, CHU UCL Namur, Belgium
- Department of Hematology
| | | | | | | | | | - Violette Carlioz
- Department of Dermatology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud
| | | | | | - Etienne Paubelle
- Laboratory of Hematology
- LBMC, ENS, CNRS UMR5239, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
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Li SW, Shao YZ, Zhao HJ, Wang Y, Li JL, Xing MW. Analysis of 28 trace elements in the blood and serum antioxidant status in chickens under arsenic and/or copper exposure. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:27303-27313. [PMID: 28967049 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0291-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the 28 trace elements in the blood and serum antioxidant status in chickens under arsenic (As) and/or copper (Cu) exposure. A total of 200 1-day-old male Hy-Line chickens were fed either a commercial diet (C-group) or arsenic trioxide (30 mg/kg) and/or cupric sulfate (300 mg/kg) for 90 days. The 28 trace element levels in the blood were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The concentrations of As in the blood of chickens were elevated approximately 17.15-fold, 2.30-fold, and 13.37-fold in the As-group, Cu-group, and As + Cu-group, respectively, at 90 days. The concentrations of Cu did not change in the As-group and increased approximately 29.53 and 23.37% in the Cu-group and As + Cu-group, respectively, at 90 days. Moreover, As exposure caused ion profile disorders in the blood, including increased concentrations of Na, Mg, Si, K, Cr, Fe, and Se and reduced B, Ca, Ti, V, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Sr, and Mo. Cu exposure increased the contents of Mg, Si, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, and Se and decreased the content of B, Ca, Al, Ni, and Mo. As + Cu exposure increased the contents of Mg, Si, Cr, Fe, Zn, and Se and decreased the content of B, Ca, Ti, Co, Ni, Sr, and Mo. Moreover, As and/or Cu exposure induced oxidative stress in the blood of chickens. In conclusion, the results indicated that the mixture of As and Cu caused a synergistic effect via disturbing homeostasis of trace elements and oxidative stress in the blood of chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Wen Li
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Rd, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Zhi Shao
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Rd, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, Republic of China
| | - Hong-Jing Zhao
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Rd, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Rd, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, Republic of China
| | - Jing-Lun Li
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Rd, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, Republic of China
| | - Ming-Wei Xing
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Rd, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, Republic of China.
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Dong Z, Shi Y, Feng L, Shen Z, Fang L, Zheng S, Hai X, Li B. (-)-Epicatechin rescues the As 2 O 3 -induced HERG K + channel deficiency possibly through upregulating transcription factor SP1 expression. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2017; 31. [PMID: 28768059 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
(-)-Epicatechin (EPI) has beneficial effects on the cardiovascular disease. The human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) potassium channel is crucial for repolarization of cardiac action potential. Dysfunction of the HERG channel can cause long QT syndrome type 2 (LQT2). Arsenic trioxide (As2 O3 ) has shown efficacy in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. However, As2 O3 can induce the deficiency of HERG channel and cause LQT2. In this study, we examined whether EPI could rescue the As2 O3 -induced HERG channel deficiency. We found that 3 μM EPI obviously increased protein expression and current of HERG channel. EPI was able to recover the protein expression and current of HERG channel disrupted by As2 O3 . EPI was able to increase the expression of SP1 protein and recover the expression of SP1 protein disrupted by As2 O3 . In addition, EPI significantly shortened action potential duration prolonged by As2 O3 . Our data suggest that EPI rescues As2 O3 -induced HERG channel deficiency through upregulating SP1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengxiang Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuanqi Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lifang Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhaoqian Shen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Li Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Sijia Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Hai
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Baoxin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Guha N, Loomis D, Guyton KZ, Grosse Y, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Vilahur N, Muller K, Straif K. Carcinogenicity of welding, molybdenum trioxide, and indium tin oxide. Lancet Oncol 2017; 18:581-582. [PMID: 28408286 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(17)30255-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neela Guha
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Dana Loomis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Yann Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Nadia Vilahur
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Karen Muller
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Kurt Straif
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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24
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Buonavoglia A, Lauritano D, Perrone D, Ardito F, Troiano G, Dioguardi M, Candotto V, Silvestre FJ, Lo Muzio L. Evaluation of chemical-physical properties and cytocompatibility of TheraCal LC. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2017; 31:1-9. [PMID: 28691448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
TheraCal LC (TLC, Bisco Inc., Schaumburg, IL, USA) is a light-cured, resin-modified, calcium silicate-filled base/liner material designed for direct and indirect pulp-capping. In this study the result of the evaluation in vitro of the biocompatibility and chemical-physical properties of TLC are reported. TLC specimens were prepared under aseptic conditions in strict compliance with the manufacturers instructions and sterilized. Osteoblast-like cells (MG63) were used. For different time points, solubility, water uptake, alkalinizing activity and cytotoxicity were evaluated. In ddH20 and in DMEM+FBS, TLC showed a loss of material increasing simultaneously with the absorption capacity. The increase of water uptake of the material promoting the solubilization of mineral ions in medium is a requisite for a bioactive material. The alkalinizing activity is correlated to antimicrobial/bacteriostatic activity and to the ability to favor the formation of apatite deposits. The pH values for water absorption after immersion of the disks ranged between 8 and 9 at each times of evaluation. Cytotoxicity was not observed in MG63 cells treated with TLC and after 5 days, the cells were organized to form a confluent monolayer as demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy observation. TLC showed biocompatibility on MG63 cells allowing a physiologic cell growth and differentiation. The chemical-physical properties and biocompatibility of TLC observed in vitro in the present study, allows considering this cement as an innovative pulp-capping material for the vital pulp therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Buonavoglia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University, Foggia, Italy
| | - D Lauritano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - D Perrone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University, Foggia, Italy
| | - F Ardito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University, Foggia, Italy
| | - G Troiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University, Foggia, Italy
| | - M Dioguardi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University, Foggia, Italy
| | - V Candotto
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - F J Silvestre
- Stomatology and Oral Surgery, Dr Peset University Hospital, Department of Stomatology, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - L Lo Muzio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University, Foggia, Italy
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Shichijo K, Fujimoto N, Uzbekov D, Kairkhanova Y, Saimova A, Chaizhunusova N, Sayakenov N, Shabdarbaeva D, Aukenov N, Azimkhanov A, Kolbayenkov A, Mussazhanova Z, Niino D, Nakashima M, Zhumadilov K, Stepanenko V, Tomonaga M, Rakhypbekov T, Hoshi M. Internal exposure to neutron-activated 56Mn dioxide powder in Wistar rats-Part 2: pathological effects. Radiat Environ Biophys 2017; 56:55-61. [PMID: 28180988 PMCID: PMC5315723 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-016-0676-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
To fully understand the radiation effects of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki among the survivors, radiation from neutron-induced radioisotopes in soil and other materials should be considered in addition to the initial radiation directly received from the bombs. This might be important for evaluating the radiation risks to the people who moved to these cities soon after the detonations and probably inhaled activated radioactive "dust." Manganese-56 is known to be one of the dominant radioisotopes produced in soil by neutrons. Due to its short physical half-life, 56Mn emits residual radiation during the first hours after explosion. Hence, the biological effects of internal exposure of Wistar rats to 56Mn were investigated in the present study. MnO2 powder was activated by a neutron beam to produce radioactive 56Mn. Rats were divided into four groups: those exposed to 56Mn, to non-radioactive Mn, to 60Co γ rays (2 Gy, whole body), and those not exposed to any additional radiation (control). On days 3, 14, and 60 after exposure, the animals were killed and major organs were dissected and subjected to histopathological analysis. As described in more detail by an accompanying publication, the highest internal radiation dose was observed in the digestive system of the rats, followed by the lungs. It was found that the number of mitotic cells increased in the small intestine on day 3 after 56Mn and 60Co exposure, and this change persisted only in 56Mn-exposed animals. Lung tissue was severely damaged only by exposure to 56Mn, despite a rather low radiation dose (less than 0.1 Gy). These data suggest that internal exposure to 56Mn has a significant biological impact on the lungs and small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuko Shichijo
- Nagasaki University, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Nariaki Fujimoto
- Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima,, 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Darkhan Uzbekov
- Semey State Medical University, Republic of Kazakhstan, Abay Str., 103, Semey, 071400, Kazakhstan
| | - Ynkar Kairkhanova
- Semey State Medical University, Republic of Kazakhstan, Abay Str., 103, Semey, 071400, Kazakhstan
| | - Aisulu Saimova
- Semey State Medical University, Republic of Kazakhstan, Abay Str., 103, Semey, 071400, Kazakhstan
| | - Nailya Chaizhunusova
- Semey State Medical University, Republic of Kazakhstan, Abay Str., 103, Semey, 071400, Kazakhstan
| | - Nurlan Sayakenov
- Semey State Medical University, Republic of Kazakhstan, Abay Str., 103, Semey, 071400, Kazakhstan
| | - Dariya Shabdarbaeva
- Semey State Medical University, Republic of Kazakhstan, Abay Str., 103, Semey, 071400, Kazakhstan
| | - Nurlan Aukenov
- Semey State Medical University, Republic of Kazakhstan, Abay Str., 103, Semey, 071400, Kazakhstan
| | - Almas Azimkhanov
- National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Krasnoarmeyskaya Str., 2, Build 54 B, Kurchatov, 071100, Kazakhstan
| | - Alexander Kolbayenkov
- National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Krasnoarmeyskaya Str., 2, Build 54 B, Kurchatov, 071100, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Daisuke Niino
- Nagasaki University, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | | | - Kassym Zhumadilov
- L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Munaitpasova Str.,13, Astana, 010008, Kazakhstan
| | - Valeriy Stepanenko
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center, National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Koroleva Str. 4, Obninsk, Kaluga region, 249036, Russia
| | - Masao Tomonaga
- Nagasaki University, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Tolebay Rakhypbekov
- Semey State Medical University, Republic of Kazakhstan, Abay Str., 103, Semey, 071400, Kazakhstan
| | - Masaharu Hoshi
- Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima,, 734-8553, Japan
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Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a unique subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which presents with a distinct coagulopathy. Therapeutic advances have made APL one of the true success stories in oncology, transforming this once lethal disease into the most curable form of AML. For many patients, cure will now be achieved without the use of chemotherapy. It is hoped that limiting chemotherapy will reduce mortality even further, particularly among more vulnerable older adults whose survival lagged behind that of younger patients. It should be noted that early death persists in patients with APL and continues to negatively affect survival. Further, among survivors treated with chemotherapy or even arsenic trioxide (ATO), there remains the potential for long-term toxicities that must be monitored. Understanding the management of these issues is an important complement to ensure maximal survival for patients with APL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameem Abedin
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Jessica K Altman
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
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Zhu H, Chen C, Xu C, Zhu Q, Huang D. Effects of soil acidification and liming on the phytoavailability of cadmium in paddy soils of central subtropical China. Environ Pollut 2016; 219:99-106. [PMID: 27794257 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Intensive and paired soil and rice grain survey and multiple-field liming experiments were conducted to assess soil acidification in the past 30 years, quantify the relationships of Cd phytoavailability with soil acidity, and determine efficacies of liming on soil acidity and Cd phytoavailability in paddy soils of central subtropical China at a regional scale. Soil pH, total and extractable Cd (Cdtot and Cdext), rice grain Cd were determined, and all measured data were analyzed separately in groups of 0.1 pH units intervals. Paddy soil pH averagely declined at 0.031 unit yr-1 between 1980s and 2014 (P < 0.01). Piecewise means of log Cd transfer ratio kept around -0.062 between soil pH 4.0 and 5.5 and around -1.31 between pH 6.9 and 7.3, whereas linearly decreased by a factor of 0.76 with pH 5.5-6.9, and by a factor of 1.38 with pH 7.3-8.2 (P < 0.01), respectively. Similar responses to soil pH were observed for soil Cdext to Cdtot ratio. However, the former exhibited a lag effect to soil acidification in the acidic soils and a leading effect in alkaline soils. Liming increased soil pH by 0.50 units, and decreased rice grain Cd by 35.3% and log Cd transfer ratio by a factor of 0.76 (P < 0.01). The piecewise relationship based on the survey precisely predicted the changes in Cd transfer ratio across the multiple-field liming experiments. In conclusion, soil acidification occurred and accelerated in the past 30 years, and piecewise-linearly increased Cd phytoavailability of paddy soils in central subtropical China. Mitigating soil acidification, i.e. liming, should be preferentially implemented to minimize Cd phytoavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanhua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, PR China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Hunan Agricultural Resources & Environment Protection Station, Changsha 410005, PR China; College of Resource & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Chao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, PR China
| | - Qihong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, PR China.
| | - Daoyou Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, PR China
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Mohebbi P, Tour Savadkouhi S. Tooth discoloration induced by calcium-silicate based materials: a literature review. Minerva Stomatol 2016; 65:378-384. [PMID: 27103148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endodontic therapy may not focus only on biological and functional aspects, but should take esthetic considerations into account as well. It is common knowledge that calcium-silicate based materials may cause discoloration and thus impair the esthetic outcome of the treated tooth. The purpose of this review is to summarize the existing knowledge on the discoloration potential of these materials used for endodontic procedures. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A comprehensive literature search covering the period from 2000 to 2015 was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar, using different keyword combinations including "tooth", "color", "discoloration", "staining", "endodontic", "root canal", "calcium silicate", "MTA", "portland cement", "Endocem" and "biodentine". Any relevant literature in the English language was considered for inclusion. In addition, previous review articles were hand-searched, and reference lists from endodontic textbooks were also reviewed. Articles were excluded if only single clinical reports or conference reports were included or if the topic was not related to the subject. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS For a wide range of these materials currently available in the market, only scarce or no evidence exist regarding their discoloration potential. CONCLUSIONS The need for further research in this field and development of non-staining calcium silicate based materials is evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooneh Mohebbi
- Endodontics Department, Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran -
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29
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Mondal D, Das ML, Kumar V, Huda MM, Das P, Ghosh D, Priyanka J, Matlashewski G, Kroeger A, Upfill-Brown A, Chowdhury R. Efficacy, Safety and Cost of Insecticide Treated Wall Lining, Insecticide Treated Bed Nets and Indoor Wall Wash with Lime for Visceral Leishmaniasis Vector Control in the Indian Sub-continent: A Multi-country Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0004932. [PMID: 27533097 PMCID: PMC4988640 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the efficacy, safety and cost of lime wash of household walls plus treatment of sand fly breeding places with bleach (i.e. environmental management or EM), insecticide impregnated durable wall lining (DWL), and bed net impregnation with slow release insecticide (ITN) for sand fly control in the Indian sub-continent. METHODS This multi-country cluster randomized controlled trial had 24 clusters in each three sites with eight clusters per high, medium or low sand fly density stratum. Every cluster included 45-50 households. Five households from each cluster were randomly selected for entomological measurements including sand fly density and mortality at one, three, nine and twelve months post intervention. Household interviews were conducted for socioeconomic information and intervention acceptability assessment. Cost for each intervention was calculated. There was a control group without intervention. FINDINGS Sand fly mortality [mean and 95%CI] ranged from 84% (81%-87%) at one month to 74% (71%-78%) at 12 months for DWL, 75% (71%-79%) at one month to 49% (43%-55%) at twelve months for ITN, and 44% (34%-53%) at one month to 22% (14%-29%) at twelve months for EM. Adjusted intervention effect on sand fly density measured by incidence rate ratio ranged from 0.28 (0.23-0.34) at one month to 0.62 (0.51-0.75) at 12 months for DWL; 0.72 (0.62-0.85) at one month to 1.02 (0.86-1.22) at 12 months for ITN; and 0.89 (0.76-1.03) at one months to 1.49 (1.26-1.74) at 12 months for EM. Household acceptance of EM was 74% compared to 94% for both DWL and ITN. Operational cost per household in USD was about 5, 8, and 2 for EM, DWL and ITN, respectively. Minimal adverse reactions were reported for EM and ITN while 36% of households with DWL reported transient itching. INTERPRETATION DWL is the most effective, durable and acceptable control method followed by ITN. The Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) Elimination Program in the Indian sub-continent should consider DWL and ITN for sand fly control in addition to IRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Mondal
- International Centre For Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Shaheed Taj Uddin Ahmed Sarani, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Murari Lal Das
- BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Entomology laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - M. Mamun Huda
- International Centre For Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Shaheed Taj Uddin Ahmed Sarani, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Pradeep Das
- Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Debashis Ghosh
- International Centre For Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Shaheed Taj Uddin Ahmed Sarani, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jyoti Priyanka
- BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Entomology laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Greg Matlashewski
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (WHO/TDR), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Axel Kroeger
- UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (WHO/TDR), Geneva, Switzerland
- University Medical Centre Freiburg, Centre for Medicine and Society, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Upfill-Brown
- Center for World Health, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Rajib Chowdhury
- National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Dumkova J, Vrlikova L, Vecera Z, Putnova B, Docekal B, Mikuska P, Fictum P, Hampl A, Buchtova M. Inhaled Cadmium Oxide Nanoparticles: Their in Vivo Fate and Effect on Target Organs. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17060874. [PMID: 27271611 PMCID: PMC4926408 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing amount of heavy metals used in manufacturing equivalently increases hazards of environmental pollution by industrial products such as cadmium oxide (CdO) nanoparticles. Here, we aimed to unravel the CdO nanoparticle destiny upon their entry into lungs by inhalations, with the main focus on the ultrastructural changes that the nanoparticles may cause to tissues of the primary and secondary target organs. We indeed found the CdO nanoparticles to be transported from the lungs into secondary target organs by blood. In lungs, inhaled CdO nanoparticles caused significant alterations in parenchyma tissue including hyperemia, enlarged pulmonary septa, congested capillaries, alveolar emphysema and small areas of atelectasis. Nanoparticles were observed in the cytoplasm of cells lining bronchioles, in the alveolar spaces as well as inside the membranous pneumocytes and in phagosomes of lung macrophages. Nanoparticles even penetrated through the membrane into some organelles including mitochondria and they also accumulated in the cytoplasmic vesicles. In livers, inhalation caused periportal inflammation and local hepatic necrosis. Only minor changes such as diffusely thickened filtration membrane with intramembranous electron dense deposits were observed in kidney. Taken together, inhaled CdO nanoparticles not only accumulated in lungs but they were also transported to other organs causing serious damage at tissue as well as cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Dumkova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Vrlikova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Zbynek Vecera
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Barbora Putnova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Bohumil Docekal
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Mikuska
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Fictum
- Department of Pathological Morphology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno 612 42, Czech Republic.
| | - Ales Hampl
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Marcela Buchtova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic.
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic.
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Zhang K, Zhao P, Guo G, Guo Y, Li S, He Y, Sun X, Chai H, Zhang W, Xing M. Arsenic Trioxide Exposure Induces Heat Shock Protein Responses in Cock Livers. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 170:459-65. [PMID: 26329997 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0487-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is a trace element widely found in nature, and there are several forms of arsenic, including the most toxic form of trivalent arsenic. Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) is widespread in nature and tends to accumulate in animals and humans, thus causing great harm. Although the important role of heat shock proteins (HSPs) has been demonstrated in many types of mammals exposed to As2O3, the function of these proteins in poultry, especially in cocks, remains unclear. In this study, we used experimental animals (male chickens), which were fed a diet including 0, 7.5, 15, and 30 mg kg(-1) As2O3, respectively, in the control, low, middle, and high groups. The livers were collected after the cocks were treated with arsenic for 30, 60, and 90 days. We detected HSP27, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 levels in the livers of the cocks by real-time PCR and HSP60 and HSP70 levels by Western blot. The results showed that the messenger RNA and protein expression of HSPs exposed to As2O3 had obviously increased. These results demonstrated that arsenic toxicity affected the expression of HSP levels in cock livers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhang
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, China
| | - Panpan Zhao
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, China
| | - Guangyang Guo
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, China
| | - Ying Guo
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, China
| | - Siwen Li
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, China
| | - Ying He
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, China
| | - Hongliang Chai
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, China.
| | - Wen Zhang
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, China.
| | - Mingwei Xing
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, China.
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Zhang K, Zhao P, Guo G, Guo Y, Tian L, Sun X, Li S, He Y, Sun Y, Chai H, Zhang W, Xing M. Arsenic Trioxide Attenuates NF-κB and Cytokine mRNA Levels in the Livers of Cocks. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 170:432-7. [PMID: 26276563 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0455-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a trace element widely found in nature. It exists in several forms, including organic arsenic, inorganic arsenic, and trivalent arsenic, the most toxic. Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) is widespread in nature. This form tends to accumulate in animals and humans and therefore has a potential harm for them. Cytokines play essential roles in the immune response and inflammation. Although the importance of cytokines in the responses to arsenic exposure has been demonstrated in many types of mammals, the function of these in poultry, especially in chickens, remains unclear. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of As2O3 exposure on cytokines in cock livers. In this study, 72 1-day-old male Hy-line cocks were randomly divided into four groups including the control group, low-As group, middle-As group, and high-As group. The livers were collected on days 30, 60, and 90 of the experiment. The levels of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-12 beta (IL-12β), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) mRNA in the livers of the cocks were measured using real-time PCR. The results showed that the expression levels of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and NF-κB which seemed to be a critical mediator in the inflammatory response tended to increase in the birds chronically treated with As2O3. However, the mRNA expression levels of IL-4, IL-12β, and IL-1β were decreased in the experiment. The information regarding the effects of As2O3 on cytokine mRNA expression generated in this study will be important information for arsenic toxicology evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhang
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Panpan Zhao
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Guangyang Guo
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ying Guo
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Li Tian
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Siwen Li
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ying He
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ying Sun
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hongliang Chai
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Mingwei Xing
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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de Luna LAV, de Moraes ACM, Consonni SR, Pereira CD, Cadore S, Giorgio S, Alves OL. Comparative in vitro toxicity of a graphene oxide-silver nanocomposite and the pristine counterparts toward macrophages. J Nanobiotechnology 2016; 14:12. [PMID: 26912341 PMCID: PMC4765018 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-016-0165-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Graphene oxide (GO) is a highly oxidized graphene form with oxygen functional groups on its surface. GO is an excellent platform to support and stabilize silver nanoparticles (AgNP), which gives rise to the graphene oxide-silver nanoparticle (GOAg) nanocomposite. Understanding how this nanocomposite interacts with cells is a toxicological challenge of great importance for future biomedical applications, and macrophage cells can provide information concerning the biocompatibility of these nanomaterials. The cytotoxicity of the GOAg nanocomposite, pristine GO, and pristine AgNP was compared toward two representative murine macrophages: a tumoral lineage (J774) and peritoneal macrophages collected from Balb/c mouse. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by J774 macrophages was also monitored. We investigated the internalization of nanomaterials by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The quantification of internalized silver was carried out by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Nanomaterial stability in the cell media was investigated overtime by visual observation, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). RESULTS The GOAg nanocomposite was more toxic than pristine GO and pristine AgNP for both macrophages, and it significantly induced more ROS production compared to pristine AgNP. TEM analysis showed that GOAg was internalized by tumoral J774 macrophages. However, macrophages internalized approximately 60 % less GOAg than did pristine AgNP. The images also showed the degradation of nanocomposite inside cells. CONCLUSIONS Although the GOAg nanocomposite was less internalized by the macrophage cells, it was more toxic than the pristine counterparts and induced remarkable oxidative stress. Our findings strongly reveal a synergistic toxicity effect of the GOAg nanocomposite. The toxicity and fate of nanocomposites in cells are some of the major concerns in the development of novel biocompatible materials and must be carefully evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Augusto Visani de Luna
- Laboratory of Solid State Chemistry (LQES), Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Leishmaniasis (Lableish), Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
| | | | - Sílvio Roberto Consonni
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Cytochemistry and Immunocytochemistry (LCI), Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Catarinie Diniz Pereira
- Atomic Spectrometry Group (GEAtom), Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Solange Cadore
- Atomic Spectrometry Group (GEAtom), Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Selma Giorgio
- Laboratory of Leishmaniasis (Lableish), Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Oswaldo Luiz Alves
- Laboratory of Solid State Chemistry (LQES), Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
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Minigalieva IA, Katsnelson BA, Privalova LI, Sutunkova MP, Gurvich VB, Shur VY, Shishkina EV, Valamina IE, Makeyev OH, Panov VG, Varaksin AN, Grigoryeva EV, Meshtcheryakova EY. Attenuation of Combined Nickel(II) Oxide and Manganese(II, III) Oxide Nanoparticles' Adverse Effects with a Complex of Bioprotectors. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:22555-83. [PMID: 26393577 PMCID: PMC4613324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160922555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Stable suspensions of NiO and Mn₃O₄ nanoparticles (NPs) with a mean (±s.d.) diameter of 16.7±8.2 and 18.4±5.4 nm, respectively, purposefully prepared by laser ablation of 99.99% pure nickel or manganese in de-ionized water, were repeatedly injected intraperitoneally (IP) to rats at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg 3 times a week up to 18 injections, either alone or in combination. A group of rats was injected with this combination with the background oral administration of a "bio-protective complex" (BPC) comprising pectin, vitamins A, C, E, glutamate, glycine, N-acetylcysteine, selenium, iodide and omega-3 PUFA, this composition having been chosen based on mechanistic considerations and previous experience. After the termination of injections, many functional and biochemical indices and histopathological features (with morphometric assessment) of the liver, spleen, kidneys and brain were evaluated for signs of toxicity. The Ni and Mn content of these organs was measured with the help of the atomic emission and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopies. We obtained blood leukocytes for performing the RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) test. Although both metallic NPs proved adversely bio-active in many respects considered in this study, Mn₃O₄-NPs were somewhat more noxious than NiO-NPs as concerns most of the non-specific toxicity manifestations and they induced more marked damage to neurons in the striatum and the hippocampus, which may be considered an experimental correlate of the manganese-induced Parkinsonism. The comparative solubility of the Mn₃O₄-NPs and NiO-NPs in a biological medium is discussed as one of the factors underlying the difference in their toxicokinetics and toxicities. The BPC has attenuated both the organ-systemic toxicity and the genotoxicity of Mn₃O₄-NPs in combination with NiO-NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilzira A Minigalieva
- The Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov Str., Ekaterinburg 620014, Russia.
| | - Boris A Katsnelson
- The Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov Str., Ekaterinburg 620014, Russia.
| | - Larisa I Privalova
- The Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov Str., Ekaterinburg 620014, Russia.
| | - Marina P Sutunkova
- The Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov Str., Ekaterinburg 620014, Russia.
| | - Vladimir B Gurvich
- The Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov Str., Ekaterinburg 620014, Russia.
| | - Vladimir Y Shur
- The Institute of Natural Sciences, The Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620000, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina V Shishkina
- The Institute of Natural Sciences, The Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620000, Russia.
| | - Irene E Valamina
- The Central Research Laboratory, The Ural State Medical University, 17 Klyuchevskaya Str., Ekaterinburg 620109, Russia.
| | - Oleg H Makeyev
- The Central Research Laboratory, The Ural State Medical University, 17 Klyuchevskaya Str., Ekaterinburg 620109, Russia.
| | - Vladimir G Panov
- Institute of Industrial Ecology, the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 20 Sofia Kovalevskaya Str., Ekaterinburg 620990, Russia.
| | - Anatoly N Varaksin
- Institute of Industrial Ecology, the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 20 Sofia Kovalevskaya Str., Ekaterinburg 620990, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina V Grigoryeva
- The Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov Str., Ekaterinburg 620014, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina Y Meshtcheryakova
- The Central Research Laboratory, The Ural State Medical University, 17 Klyuchevskaya Str., Ekaterinburg 620109, Russia.
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García-Pérez J, López-Abente G, Castelló A, González-Sánchez M, Fernández-Navarro P. Cancer mortality in towns in the vicinity of installations for the production of cement, lime, plaster, and magnesium oxide. Chemosphere 2015; 128:103-10. [PMID: 25681568 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Our objective was to investigate whether there might be excess cancer mortality in the vicinity of Spanish installations for the production of cement, lime, plaster, and magnesium oxide, according to different categories of industrial activity. An ecologic study was designed to examine municipal mortality due to 33 types of cancer (period 1997-2006) in Spain. Population exposure to pollution was estimated on the basis of distance from town to industrial facility. Using spatial Besag-York-Mollié regression models with integrated nested Laplace approximations for Bayesian inference, we assessed the relative risk of dying from cancer in a 5-km zone around installations, analyzed the effect of category of industrial activity according to the manufactured product, and conducted individual analyses within a 50-km radius of each installation. Excess all cancer mortality (relative risk, 95% credible interval) was detected in the vicinity of these installations as a whole (1.04, 1.01-1.07 in men; 1.03, 1.00-1.06 in women), and, principally, in the vicinity of cement installations (1.05, 1.01-1.09 in men). Special mention should be made of the results for tumors of colon-rectum in both sexes (1.07, 1.01-1.14 in men; 1.10, 1.03-1.16 in women), and pleura (1.71, 1.24-2.28), peritoneum (1.62, 1.15-2.20), gallbladder (1.21, 1.02-1.42), bladder (1.11, 1.03-1.20) and stomach (1.09, 1.00-1.18) in men in the vicinity of all such installations. Our results suggest an excess risk of dying from cancer, especially in colon-rectum, in towns near these industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier García-Pérez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Gonzalo López-Abente
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Adela Castelló
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Mario González-Sánchez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Pablo Fernández-Navarro
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
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Ma H, Yang J. Insights into the All-trans-Retinoic Acid and Arsenic Trioxide Combination Treatment for Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: A Meta-Analysis. Acta Haematol 2015; 134:101-8. [PMID: 25925330 DOI: 10.1159/000369242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to compare the curative effects of the combination therapy of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO, As₂O₃) with ATRA monotherapy on newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). METHODS The studies were retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, ChinaInfo and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases from the inception to June 20, 2014. Thereafter, the eligible studies were selected based on the predefined criteria, and the literature quality was assessed. The meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.2 software. The pooled effect size was relative risk (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS A total of 8 studies containing 480 cases were included, among which 264 were assigned to the ATRA + ATO group and the other 216 to the ATRA group. The meta-analysis showed that ATRA + ATO combination therapy significantly improved the complete remission (CR) rate (RR = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.03-1.16, p = 0.004), decreased the early mortality rate (RR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.20-0.9, p = 0.03) and relapse rate (RR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.07-0.42, p < 0.0001), but increased the high risk of liver dysfunction (RR = 2.43, 95% CI = 1.72-3.41, p < 0.00001), comparing with ATRA monotherapy. CONCLUSIONS The ATRA + ATO combination therapy may be more effective for newly diagnosed APL with a higher CR rate but lower early mortality rate and relapse rate. However, the risks of liver damage should be of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbing Ma
- Hematology Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Inomata T, Sunami K. [Antileukemic]. Nihon Rinsho 2015; 73 Suppl 2:191-194. [PMID: 25831750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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Abstract
Aerosols of depleted uranium oxides, formed upon high-energy impact of shells on hard targets during military operations, are able to disperse, reach the alveolar region of the lungs and be absorbed and distributed throughout various parts of the body. The absorbed particles are subjected to clearance in the upper respiratory tract, distribution to other body districts, dissolution and excretion. While the soluble forms of uranium are known to deliver a small dose of radiation to the body due to their homogeneous distribution and the low specific activity of (238)U, ceramic particles exhibit a low dissolution rate and irradiate a limited volume of tissue for a long time with alpha particles with an energy of 4.267 MeV. The extent of the irradiated tissues depends on the radius of the particles and the total intake of uranium oxides. For the measured intake of U3O8 of a war veteran (15.51 μg) the number of particles ranges from 5.56×10(4) to 6.95×10(6) for sizes of 0.4-2.0 μm. Modelling the distribution of the particles between two compartments of the body, the averaged dose absorbed in 20 y by tissues surrounding the particles and within the range of the alpha particles varies from 6.8 mGy to 0.85 Gy for lungs and 8.1 mGy to 1.0 Gy for the lymph nodes, respectively. Correspondingly, due to the clearance and redistribution, the mass irradiated by 2.0-μm particles falls in 20 y from 6.06 mg to 0.94 μg in the lungs and grows from 0 to 1.0 mg in the lymph nodes. The estimated rate of formation of hydroxyl radicals upon radiolysis of water in the lungs and lymph nodes is 5.17×10(4) d(-1) per cell after 1 y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Canepa
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, Torino 10125, Italy
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Ding Z, Zhang Z, Ma H, Chen Y. In vitro hemocompatibility and toxic mechanism of graphene oxide on human peripheral blood T lymphocytes and serum albumin. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2014; 6:19797-19807. [PMID: 25371999 DOI: 10.1021/am505084s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) has shown tremendous application potential as a biomedical material. However, its interactions with blood components are not yet well understood. In this work, we assess the toxicity of pristine GO (p-GO) and functionalized GO (GO-COOH and GO-PEI) to primary human peripheral blood T lymphocytes and human serum albumin (HSA), and also study the underlying toxic mechanism. Our results indicate that p-GO and GO-COOH have good biocompatibility to T lymphocytes at the concentration below 25 μg mL(-1), but notable cytotoxicity above 50 μg mL(-1). By contrast, GO-PEI exhibits significant toxicity even at 1.6 μg mL(-1). Further investigations show that although p-GO does not enter into the cell or damage the membrane, its presence leads to the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), moderate DNA damage, and T lymphocyte apoptosis. Interestingly, little effect on T lymphocyte immune response suppression is observed in this process despite p-GO inflicting cell apoptosis. The toxic mechanism is that p-GO interacts directly with the protein receptors to inhibit their ligand-binding ability, leading to ROS-dependent passive apoptosis through the B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) pathway. Compared with p-GO, GO-COOH exhibits a similar toxic effect on T lymphocytes except keeping a normal ROS level. A proposed toxic mechanism is that GO-COOH inhibits protein receptor-ligand binding, and passes the passive apoptosis signal to nucleus DNA through a ROS-independent mechanism. On the other hand, GO-PEI shows severe hematotoxicity to T lymphocytes by inducing membrane damage. For plasma protein HSA, the binding of GO-COOH results in minimal conformational change and HSA's binding capacity to bilirubin remains unaffected, while the binding of p-GO and GO-PEI exhibits strong toxicity on HSA. These findings on the interactions of two-dimensional nanomaterials and biological systems, along with the enquiry of the mechanisms, would provide essential support for further safety evaluation of the biomedical applications of GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijia Ding
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem which is at high increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and renal failure. Deterioration of kidney function causes an increase in circulating toxins, which, in turn promotes the progression of CKD. Oral adsorbents with capacity to adsorb and remove substances including uraemic toxins from the intestine could be effective in minimising kidney injury. OBJECTIVES To investigate the benefits and harms of oral adsorbents for preventing or delaying the progression of CKD. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Renal Group's Specialised Register (to 22 September 2014) through contact with the Trials' Search Co-ordinator using search terms relevant to this review. The following four Chinese medical databases were also searched: China Biological Medicine Database (1979 to May 2012); Chinese Science and Technique Journals Database (to May 2012); China National Infrastructure (to May 2012); Wan Fang database (to May 2012). SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs comparing any oral adsorbents for preventing or delaying the progression of CKD. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two authors independently assessed and extracted information. Information was collected on methods, participants, interventions and outcomes (incidence of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), mortality, quality of life and adverse events). Results were expressed as risk ratios (RR) for dichotomous outcomes or as mean differences (MD) for continuous data with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Adverse events were expressed as risk differences (RD). MAIN RESULTS Fifteen studies (1590 patients) conducted in Japan, China, and the USA were identified. The risk of bias of the included studies was moderate or high and the sample sizes were small.Three studies compared oral AST-120 plus routine treatment with placebo plus routine treatment; however data on our outcome measures of interest were not reported in two studies. These studies did not assess or did not provide data for our primary outcomes of interest (incidence of ESKD; time to ESKD; all-cause mortality). There was no significant difference in the changes of serum creatinine (SCr), slope of 1/SCr over time and creatinine clearance (CrCl) between AST-120 and placebo for patients with CKD.Eight studies compared oral AST-120 plus routine treatment with routine treatment alone; data on our outcome measures of interest were not reported in one study. There was no significant difference in incidence of ESKD, all-cause mortality and the change in health-related quality of life between AST-120 and routine treatment for patients with CKD. AST-120 showed beneficial effects on delaying the decline of kidney function measured by using the slope of change in estimated CrCl (SMD 0.39, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.5) and the mean changes of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (MD -0.76 mL/min/mo, 95% CI -0.82 to -0.70) for patients with CKD; AST-120 was not superior to routine treatment in retarding the decline of kidney function measured by using the 1/SCr slope over time, occurrence of increase in SCr concentration, doubling of SCr concentration, changes in GFR from baseline (mL/min/1.73 m²) and slope of the eGFR curve (mL/min/mo) for patients with CKD.Three studies compared oral Ai Xi Te plus routine treatment with routine treatment alone. These studies did not assess our primary outcomes of interest. Compared with routine treatment, Ai Xi Te had positive effects on reducing SCr (MD -113.40 (µmol/L), 95% CI -188.69 to -38.10) and retarding the decline of CrCl (MD 9.74 (mL/min), 95% CI 4.28 to 15.21) for patients with CKD.One study compared oral Niaoduqing granules plus routine treatment with routine treatment alone, but did not assess our primary outcomes of interest. Compared with routine treatment, Niaoduqing granules had positive effects on reducing SCr (MD -135.60 (µmol/L), 95% CI -198.03 to -73.17) and CrCl (MD 13.30 (mL/min), 95% CI 5.69 to 20.91).The most commonly reported adverse events associated with AST-120 and Ai Xi Te were gastrointestinal symptoms however no serious adverse events were reported. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Few studies reported our primary outcomes of interest. For our secondary outcomes, there is evidence of limited quality that AST-120, Ai Xi Te and Niaoduqing granules may have positive effects on delaying the decline of kidney function. There were no serious adverse events for any of the interventions in patients with CKD. Given the lack of information for our primary outcomes, the low methodological quality of most studies, and the small sample sizes, there is no strong evidence on the effectiveness of these oral adsorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Mei Wu
- West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityCenter of Geriatrics and GerontologyNo. 37, Guo Xue XiangChengduSichuanChina610041
| | - Hong Juan Sun
- Qionghai Hospital of Chinese MedicineDepartment of CardiologyHainanChina
| | - Feng Wang
- Chengdu Hospital of TibetDepartment of OncologyNo. 20, Xi Mian Qiao StreetChengduSichuanChina610041
| | - Ming Yang
- West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityCenter of Geriatrics and GerontologyNo. 37, Guo Xue XiangChengduSichuanChina610041
| | - Bi Rong Dong
- West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityCenter of Geriatrics and GerontologyNo. 37, Guo Xue XiangChengduSichuanChina610041
| | - Guan J Liu
- West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChinese Cochrane Centre, Chinese Evidence‐Based Medicine CentreNo. 37, Guo Xue XiangChengduSichuanChina610041
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Fan Y, Chen M, Meng J, Yu L, Tu Y, Wan L, Fang K, Zhu W. Arsenic trioxide and resveratrol show synergistic anti-leukemia activity and neutralized cardiotoxicity. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105890. [PMID: 25144547 PMCID: PMC4140836 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity is an aggravating side effect of many clinical antineoplastic agents such as arsenic trioxide (As2O3), which is the first-line treatment for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Clinically, drug combination strategies are widely applied for complex disease management. Here, an optimized, cardiac-friendly therapeutic strategy for APL was investigated using a combination of As2O3 and genistein or resveratrol. Potential combinations were explored with respect to their effects on mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase activity, autophagy, and apoptosis in both NB4 cells and neonatal rat left ventricular myocytes. All experiments consistently suggested that 5 µM resveratrol remarkably alleviates As2O3-induced cardiotoxicity. To achieve an equivalent effect, a 10-fold dosage of genistein was required, thus highlighting the dose advantage of resveratrol, as poor bioavailability is a common concern for its clinical application. Co-administration of resveratrol substantially amplified the anticancer effect of As2O3 in NB4 cells. Furthermore, resveratrol exacerbated oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and apoptosis, thereby reflecting its full range of synergism with As2O3. Addition of 5 µM resveratrol to the single drug formula of As2O3 also further increased the expression of LC3, a marker of cellular autophagy activity, indicating an involvement of autophagy-mediated tumor cell death in the synergistic action. Our results suggest a possible application of an As2O3 and resveratrol combination to treat APL in order to achieve superior therapeutics effects and prevent cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Fan
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jia Meng
- Department of Geriatrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Yingfeng Tu
- Department of Cardiology, the Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lin Wan
- Radiology Department and Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, the Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kun Fang
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Wenliang Zhu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- * E-mail:
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Tainter CR, Bunch S, Manini AF, Sallustio S, Acharya JK. Dietary practices revealed with radiography: pictures worth a thousand words. J Emerg Med 2014; 47:78-80. [PMID: 24613224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2013.11.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Steven Bunch
- Department of Emergency Medicine, New York Methodist Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Alex F Manini
- Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Sandra Sallustio
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Janak K Acharya
- Department of Emergency Medicine, UCSF Fresno, Fresno, California
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Ma ZB, Xu HY, Jiang M, Yang YL, Liu LX, Li YH. Arsenic trioxide induces apoptosis of human gastrointestinal cancer cells. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:5505-5510. [PMID: 24833880 PMCID: PMC4017065 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i18.5505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the changes in apoptosis in gastrointestinal cancer cells from patients with gastrointestinal cancers treated with arsenic trioxide (As2O3); and to study the possible molecular mechanisms of such changes by detecting the expression levels of p53 and Bcl-2.
METHODS: Twenty patients with gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma based on endoscopic and biopsy findings (ten patients with gastric cancer and ten patients with colorectal cancer) who received treatment in our hospital between August 2007 and December 2008 were included in this study. None of the patients had received anti-tumour agents prior to As2O3 treatment. As2O3 was administered intravenously at a dose of 0.01 g/d diluted with 5% glucose in normal saline for 2-3 h for 3 consecutive days before surgery. Morphological changes associated with apoptosis of gastrointestinal cancer cells were observed by light microscopy. Changes in the apoptotic index induced by As2O3 were investigated using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling method. Expression levels of p53 and Bcl-2 proteins in gastrointestinal cancer tissues were determined by immunohistochemistry.
RESULTS: The apoptotic index of human gastrointestinal cancer cells was higher in cells from patients treated with As2O3 than in those not treated (P < 0.05). p53 protein expression in gastrointestinal tissues was unchanged by As2O3 (P > 0.05). However, Bcl-2 protein expression in gastrointestinal tissues was down-regulated by As2O3 (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that As2O3 treatment in patients with gastrointestinal cancers can induce apoptosis in gastrointestinal cancer cells and down-regulate Bcl-2 protein expression.
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Chen L, Wang J, Hu X, Xu X. Meta-analysis of all-trans retinoic acid-linked arsenic trioxide treatment for acute promyelocytic leukemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 19:202-7. [PMID: 24074286 DOI: 10.1179/1607845413y.0000000118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the combination therapy of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO, As2O3) on acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). METHODS A meta-analysis of six studies was performed. Among 415 included cases, 165 cases were in the ATRA + ATO group, 129 cases in the ATRA-alone group, and 121 cases in the ATO-alone group. The complete remission (CR) rate and incidences of three groups were compared, respectively, between the therapies of ATRA + ATO with ATRA-alone, ATRA + ATO with ATO-alone, and ATRA with ATO. RESULTS The assessment results showed that ATRA + ATO therapy significantly improved the CR rate and decreased the incidences of cutaneous reaction compared with ATRA-alone (P < 0.05). However, incidence of liver injury was higher in the ATRA + ATO and ATO-alone groups than that in ATRA-alone group (P < 0.05). Difference in the complications between ATRA + ATO therapy and ATO-alone was not significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we suggest low-dose ATRA and ATO combination therapy may be more effective for the treatment of APL.
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Li J, Zhao Z, Feng J, Gao J, Chen Z. Understanding the metabolic fate and assessing the biosafety of MnO nanoparticles by metabonomic analysis. Nanotechnology 2013; 24:455102. [PMID: 24145610 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/45/455102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Recently, some types of MnO nanoparticle (Mn-NP) with favorable imaging capacity have been developed to improve the biocompatible profile of the existing Mn-based MRI contrast agent Mn-DPDP; however, the overall bio-effects and potential toxicity remain largely unknown. In this study, (1)H NMR-based metabolic profiling, integrated with traditional biochemical analysis and histopathological examinations, was used to investigate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity of Mn-NPs as candidates for MRI contrast agent. The metabolic responses in biofluids (plasma and urine) and tissues (liver, spleen, kidney, lung and brain) from rats could be divided into four classes following Mn-NP administration: Mn biodistribution-dependent, time-dependent, dose-dependent and complicated metabolic variations. The variations of these metabolites involved in lipid, energy, amino acid and other nutrient metabolism, which disclosed the metabolic fate and biological effects of Mn-NPs in rats. The changes of metabolic profile implied that the disturbance and impairment of biological functions induced by Mn-NP exposure were correlated with the particle size and the surface chemistry of nanoparticles. Integration of metabonomic technology with traditional methods provides a promising tool to understand the toxicological behavior of biomedical nanomaterials and will result in informed decision-making during drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinquan Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
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Jang JH, Kang M, Ahn S, Kim S, Kim W, Kim Y, Kim E. Tooth discoloration after the use of new pozzolan cement (Endocem) and mineral trioxide aggregate and the effects of internal bleaching. J Endod 2013; 39:1598-602. [PMID: 24238455 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate tooth discoloration after the use of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and to examine the effect of internal bleaching on discoloration associated with MTA. METHODS Thirty-two teeth were endodontically treated. Three-millimeter plugs of MTA, ProRoot, Angelus, or Endocem were placed on the access cavities of 24 teeth. Eight teeth served as the control group. After 24 hours, the access cavities were restored, and the tooth color was recorded at baseline and at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, the MTA materials were removed under a microscope, and an internal bleaching treatment was performed. After removal of the MTA materials and after a 1-week bleaching treatment, the color changes were measured, and the MTA-dentin interfaces were observed under a microscope. RESULTS The ProRoot and Angelus groups displayed increasing discoloration during a period of 12 weeks. The discoloration associated with ProRoot and Angelus was observed at the MTA-dentin interface and on the interior surface of the dentin. However, the Endocem groups demonstrated no significant discoloration (P < .05). No marginal discoloration was observed around the material in the Endocem group. Removal of the discolored MTA was effective for resolving the discoloration in all of the experimental groups (P < .05). However, a subsequent internal bleaching treatment was not significantly effective compared with the removal of MTA. CONCLUSIONS ProRoot and Angelus caused tooth discoloration. However, Endocem did not affect the contacting dentin surface. Removing the discolored MTA materials contributed more to resolving the tooth discoloration than post-treatment internal bleaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Jang
- Microscope Center, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Trinetta V, Linton RH, Morgan MT. Use of chlorine dioxide gas for the postharvest control of Alternaria alternata and Stemphylium vesicarium on Roma tomatoes. J Sci Food Agric 2013; 93:3330-3. [PMID: 23596000 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tomatoes and potatoes are the top produce affected in terms of value lost in the USA. Postharvest losses can occur anywhere from the time of harvest to the consumers' decision to eat or discard the food. These data support the importance of finding sustainable strategies to minimise food waste and preserve resources. This study evaluated the potential application of chlorine dioxide gas (ClO2 ) technology to control the postharvest spoilage of Roma tomatoes by Alternaria alternata and Stemphylium vesicarium. RESULTS Data analysis showed that exposure time was a significant factor for fungal disease control (P < 0.05). After 3 min of treatment, mycelial growth was completely inhibited for A. alternata and S. vesicarium. Similar results were observed for conidial germination. The efficacy of ClO2 treatments was also studied under in vivo conditions. While untreated Roma tomatoes developed white moulds and black spots after 5 days of storage, produce decay was significantly (P < 0.05) delayed after 5 and 7 min treatments for S. vesicarium and A. alternata respectively. CONCLUSION The use of ClO2 in the food industry is regulated by both the FDA and the EPA. Currently, only acidified sodium chlorite solutions are approved for the control of micro-organisms in water used to wash fruits and vegetables. No direct applications of ClO2 gas on fresh fruits and vegetables can be found in the regulations. More data are required by the two agencies to demonstrate that residues of ClO2 on produce surfaces are acceptable for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Trinetta
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Yamakura M, Tsuda K, Ugai T, Sugihara H, Nisihida Y, Takeuchi M, Matsue K. High frequency of varicella zoster virus reactivation associated with the use of arsenic trioxide in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Acta Haematol 2013; 131:76-7. [PMID: 24081111 DOI: 10.1159/000353126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Yamakura
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan
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Qu G, Liu S, Zhang S, Wang L, Wang X, Sun B, Yin N, Gao X, Xia T, Chen JJ, Jiang GB. Graphene oxide induces toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-dependent necrosis in macrophages. ACS Nano 2013; 7:5732-45. [PMID: 23734789 DOI: 10.1021/nn402330b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Graphene and graphene-based nanomaterials display novel and beneficial chemical, electrical, mechanical, and optical characteristics, which endow these nanomaterials with promising applications in a wide spectrum of areas such as electronics and biomedicine. However, its toxicity on health remains unknown and is of great concern. In the present study, we demonstrated that graphene oxide (GO) induced necrotic cell death to macrophages. This toxicity is mediated by activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling and subsequently in part via autocrine TNF-α production. Inhibition of TLR4 signaling with a selective inhibitor prevented cell death nearly completely. Furthermore, TLR4-deficient bone marrow-derived macrophages were resistant to GO-triggered necrosis. Similarly, GO did not induce necrosis of HEK293T/TLR4-null cells. Macrophagic cell death upon GO treatment was partially attributed to RIP1-RIP3 complex-mediated programmed necrosis downstream of TNF-α induction. Additionally, upon uptake into macrophages, GO accumulated primarily in cytoplasm causing dramatic morphologic alterations and a significant reduction of the macrophagic ability in phagocytosis. However, macrophagic uptake of GO may not be required for induction of necrosis. GO exposure also caused a large increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which contributed to the cause of cell death. The combined data reveal that interaction of GO with TLR4 is the predominant molecular mechanism underlying GO-induced macrophagic necrosis; also, cytoskeletal damage and oxidative stress contribute to decreased viability and function of macrophages upon GO treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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Lo-Coco F, Avvisati G, Vignetti M, Thiede C, Orlando SM, Iacobelli S, Ferrara F, Fazi P, Cicconi L, Di Bona E, Specchia G, Sica S, Divona M, Levis A, Fiedler W, Cerqui E, Breccia M, Fioritoni G, Salih HR, Cazzola M, Melillo L, Carella AM, Brandts CH, Morra E, von Lilienfeld-Toal M, Hertenstein B, Wattad M, Lübbert M, Hänel M, Schmitz N, Link H, Kropp MG, Rambaldi A, La Nasa G, Luppi M, Ciceri F, Finizio O, Venditti A, Fabbiano F, Döhner K, Sauer M, Ganser A, Amadori S, Mandelli F, Döhner H, Ehninger G, Schlenk RF, Platzbecker U. Retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide for acute promyelocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med 2013; 369:111-21. [PMID: 23841729 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1300874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1038] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) with chemotherapy is the standard of care for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), resulting in cure rates exceeding 80%. Pilot studies of treatment with arsenic trioxide with or without ATRA have shown high efficacy and reduced hematologic toxicity. METHODS We conducted a phase 3, multicenter trial comparing ATRA plus chemotherapy with ATRA plus arsenic trioxide in patients with APL classified as low-to-intermediate risk (white-cell count, ≤10×10(9) per liter). Patients were randomly assigned to receive either ATRA plus arsenic trioxide for induction and consolidation therapy or standard ATRA-idarubicin induction therapy followed by three cycles of consolidation therapy with ATRA plus chemotherapy and maintenance therapy with low-dose chemotherapy and ATRA. The study was designed as a noninferiority trial to show that the difference between the rates of event-free survival at 2 years in the two groups was not greater than 5%. RESULTS Complete remission was achieved in all 77 patients in the ATRA-arsenic trioxide group who could be evaluated (100%) and in 75 of 79 patients in the ATRA-chemotherapy group (95%) (P=0.12). The median follow-up was 34.4 months. Two-year event-free survival rates were 97% in the ATRA-arsenic trioxide group and 86% in the ATRA-chemotherapy group (95% confidence interval for the difference, 2 to 22 percentage points; P<0.001 for noninferiority and P=0.02 for superiority of ATRA-arsenic trioxide). Overall survival was also better with ATRA-arsenic trioxide (P=0.02). As compared with ATRA-chemotherapy, ATRA-arsenic trioxide was associated with less hematologic toxicity and fewer infections but with more hepatic toxicity. CONCLUSIONS ATRA plus arsenic trioxide is at least not inferior and may be superior to ATRA plus chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with low-to-intermediate-risk APL. (Funded by Associazione Italiana contro le Leucemie and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00482833.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lo-Coco
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione, Università Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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