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Lee HJ, Bernau K, Harr TJ, Rosenkrans ZT, Kessler GA, Stott K, Oler AT, Rahar B, Zhu T, Medina-Guevara Y, Gupta N, Cho I, Gari MK, Burkel BM, Jeffery JJ, Weichmann AM, Tomasini-Johansson BR, Ponik SM, Engle JW, Hernandez R, Kwon GS, Sandbo N. [ 64Cu]Cu-PEG-FUD peptide for noninvasive and sensitive detection of murine pulmonary fibrosis. Sci Adv 2024; 10:eadj1444. [PMID: 38598637 PMCID: PMC11006221 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj1444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lung disease resulting in irreversible scarring within the lungs. However, the lack of biomarkers that enable real-time assessment of disease activity remains a challenge in providing efficient clinical decision-making and optimal patient care in IPF. Fibronectin (FN) is highly expressed in fibroblastic foci of the IPF lung where active extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition occurs. Functional upstream domain (FUD) tightly binds the N-terminal 70-kilodalton domain of FN that is crucial for FN assembly. In this study, we first demonstrate the capacity of PEGylated FUD (PEG-FUD) to target FN deposition in human IPF tissue ex vivo. We subsequently radiolabeled PEG-FUD with 64Cu and monitored its spatiotemporal biodistribution via μPET/CT imaging in mice using the bleomycin-induced model of pulmonary injury and fibrosis. We demonstrated [64Cu]Cu-PEG-FUD uptake 3 and 11 days following bleomycin treatment, suggesting that radiolabeled PEG-FUD holds promise as an imaging probe in aiding the assessment of fibrotic lung disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Lee
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Ksenija Bernau
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Thomas J. Harr
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Zachary T. Rosenkrans
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Grace A. Kessler
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Kristen Stott
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Angie Tebon Oler
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Babita Rahar
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Terry Zhu
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Yadira Medina-Guevara
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Nikesh Gupta
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Inyoung Cho
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Metti K. Gari
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Brian M. Burkel
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Justin J. Jeffery
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ashley M. Weichmann
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Bianca R. Tomasini-Johansson
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, USA
- Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals, 502 S. Rosa Rd., Madison, WI 53719, USA
| | - Suzanne M. Ponik
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jonathan W. Engle
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Reinier Hernandez
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Glen S. Kwon
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nathan Sandbo
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, USA
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Peterson A, Bennin D, Lasarev M, Chini J, Beebe DJ, Huttenlocher A. Neutrophil motility is regulated by both cell intrinsic and endothelial cell ARPC1B. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261774. [PMID: 38224139 PMCID: PMC10911274 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil-directed motility is necessary for host defense, but its dysregulation can also cause collateral tissue damage. Actinopathies are monogenic disorders that affect the actin cytoskeleton and lead to immune dysregulation. Deficiency in ARPC1B, a component of the Arp2/3 complex, results in vascular neutrophilic inflammation; however, the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we generated human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neutrophils (denoted iNeutrophils) that are deficient in ARPC1B and show impaired migration and a switch from forming pseudopodia to forming elongated filopodia. We show, using a blood vessel on a chip model, that primary human neutrophils have impaired movement across an endothelium deficient in APRC1B. We also show that the combined deficiency of ARPC1B in iNeutrophils and endothelium results in further reduction in neutrophil migration. Taken together, these results suggest that ARPC1B in endothelium is sufficient to drive neutrophil behavior. Furthermore, the findings provide support for using the iPSC system to understand human neutrophil biology and model disease in a genetically tractable system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Peterson
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - David Bennin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Michael Lasarev
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Julia Chini
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David J. Beebe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Anna Huttenlocher
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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3
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Nadeem H, Romley JA, Warren Andersen S. Reduced racial disparity in receipt of optimal locoregional treatment for women with early-stage breast cancer. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291025. [PMID: 37656742 PMCID: PMC10473527 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Racial disparities in breast cancer treatment contribute to Black women having the worst breast cancer survival rates in the U.S. We investigated whether differences in receipt of optimal locoregional treatment (OLT), defined as receipt of mastectomy, breast-conserving surgery, or no surgery when contraindicated, existed between Black and White women with early-stage breast cancer from 2008-2018. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program Incidence Database was utilized to identify tumor cases from Black and White women aged 20-64 years old with stage I-II breast cancer. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations between race and receipt of OLT as well as potential effect modification by tumor characteristics, and year of diagnosis. RESULTS Among 177,234 women diagnosed with early-stage breast tumors, disparities in OLT between Black and White women were present from 2008-2010 (2008: 82.1% Black vs. 85.7% White, p<0.001; 2009: 82.1% Black vs. 85.8% White, p<0.001; 2010: 82.2% Black vs. 87.2% White, p<0.001). This disparity was eliminated between 2010-2011 (86.3% Black vs. 87.5% White, p = 0.15), and did not reoccur during the remainder of the study period. From 2010-2011, more Black women received radiation therapy following breast-conserving surgery (43.4% to 48.9%; p = 0.001), which accounted for an overall increased receipt of OLT. CONCLUSION Increased receipt of radiation therapy with breast-conserving surgery appeared to drive a substantial increase in OLT for Black women from 2010-2011 that lasted throughout the study period. Further research on the underlying mechanisms that reduced this disparity is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Nadeem
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - John A. Romley
- USC Schaeffer Center for Health Policy and Economics, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- USC School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- USC Price School of Public Policy, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Shaneda Warren Andersen
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, United States of America
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Pieper AA, Spiegelman DV, Felder MAR, Feils AS, Tsarovsky NW, Zaborek J, Morris ZS, Erbe AK, Rakhmilevich AL, Sondel PM. Factors impacting the efficacy of the in-situ vaccine with CpG and OX40 agonist. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:2459-2471. [PMID: 37016127 PMCID: PMC10264285 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03433-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The in-situ vaccine using CpG oligodeoxynucleotide combined with OX40 agonist antibody (CpG + OX40) has been shown to be an effective therapy activating an anti-tumor T cell response in certain settings. The roles of tumor volume, tumor model, and the addition of checkpoint blockade in the efficacy of CpG + OX40 in-situ vaccination remains unknown. METHODS Mice bearing flank tumors (B78 melanoma or A20 lymphoma) were treated with combinations of CpG, OX40, and anti-CTLA-4. Tumor growth and survival were monitored. In vivo T cell depletion, tumor cell phenotype, and tumor infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) studies were performed. Tumor cell sensitivity to CpG and macrophages were evaluated in vitro. RESULTS As tumor volumes increased in the B78 (one-tumor) and A20 (one-tumor or two-tumor) models, the anti-tumor efficacy of the in-situ vaccine decreased. In vitro, CpG had a direct effect on A20 proliferation and phenotype and an indirect effect on B78 proliferation via macrophage activation. As A20 tumors progressed in vivo, tumor cell phenotype changed, and T cells became more involved in the local CpG + OX40 mediated anti-tumor response. In mice with larger tumors that were poorly responsive to CpG + OX40, the addition of anti-CTLA-4 enhanced the anti-tumor efficacy in the A20 but not B78 models. CONCLUSIONS Increased tumor volume negatively impacts the anti-tumor capability of CpG + OX40 in-situ vaccine. The addition of checkpoint blockade augmented the efficacy of CpG + OX40 in the A20 but not B78 model. These results highlight the importance of considering multiple preclinical model conditions when assessing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy regimens and their translation to clinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Pieper
- Department of Human Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Dan V Spiegelman
- Department of Human Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mildred A R Felder
- Department of Human Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Arika S Feils
- Department of Human Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Noah W Tsarovsky
- Department of Human Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jen Zaborek
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Zachary S Morris
- Department of Human Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Amy K Erbe
- Department of Human Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Alexander L Rakhmilevich
- Department of Human Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Paul M Sondel
- Department of Human Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
- 4159 MACC Fund UW Childhood Cancer Research Wing, Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705-2275, USA.
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5
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Feils AS, Erbe AK, Birstler J, Kim K, Hoch U, Currie SL, Nguyen T, Yu D, Siefker-Radtke AO, Tannir N, Tolaney SM, Diab A, Sondel PM. Associations between KIR/KIR-ligand genotypes and clinical outcome for patients with advanced solid tumors receiving BEMPEG plus nivolumab combination therapy in the PIVOT-02 trial. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:2099-2111. [PMID: 36823323 PMCID: PMC10264535 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03383-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Bempegaldesleukin (BEMPEG), a CD122-preferential IL2 pathway agonist, has been shown to induce proliferation and activation of NK cells. NK activation is dependent on the balance of inhibitory and excitatory signals transmitted by NK receptors, including Fc-gamma receptors (FCγRs) and killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) along with their KIR-ligands. The repertoire of KIRs/KIR-ligands an individual inherits and the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of FCγRs can influence NK function and affect responses to immunotherapies. In this retrospective analysis of the single-arm PIVOT-02 trial, 200 patients with advanced solid tumors were genotyped for KIR/KIR-ligand gene status and FCγR SNP status and evaluated for associations with clinical outcome. Patients with inhibitory KIR2DL2 and its ligand (HLA-C1) observed significantly greater tumor shrinkage (TS, median change -13.0 vs. 0%) and increased PFS (5.5 vs. 3.3 months) and a trend toward improved OR (31.2 vs. 19.5%) compared to patients with the complementary genotype. Furthermore, patients with KIR2DL2 and its ligand together with inhibitory KIR3DL1 and its ligand (HLA-Bw4) had improved OR (36.5 vs. 19.6%), greater TS (median change -16.1 vs. 0%), and a trend toward prolonged PFS (8.4 vs. 3.6 months) as compared to patients with the complementary genotype. FCγR polymorphisms did not influence OR/PFS/TS.These data show that clinical response to BEMPEG plus nivolumab treatment in the PIVOT-02 trial may be associated with the repertoire of KIR/KIR-ligands an individual inherits. Further investigation and validation of these results may enable KIR/KIR-ligand genotyping to be utilized prospectively for identifying patients likely to benefit from certain cancer immunotherapy regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Feils
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - A K Erbe
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - J Birstler
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - K Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - U Hoch
- Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - T Nguyen
- Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - D Yu
- Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - N Tannir
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - S M Tolaney
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Diab
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - P M Sondel
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
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De Lange WJ, Farrell ET, Hernandez JJ, Stempien A, Kreitzer CR, Jacobs DR, Petty DL, Moss RL, Crone WC, Ralphe JC. cMyBP-C ablation in human engineered cardiac tissue causes progressive Ca2+-handling abnormalities. J Gen Physiol 2023; 155:e202213204. [PMID: 36893011 PMCID: PMC10038829 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Truncation mutations in cardiac myosin binding protein C (cMyBP-C) are common causes of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Heterozygous carriers present with classical HCM, while homozygous carriers present with early onset HCM that rapidly progress to heart failure. We used CRISPR-Cas9 to introduce heterozygous (cMyBP-C+/-) and homozygous (cMyBP-C-/-) frame-shift mutations into MYBPC3 in human iPSCs. Cardiomyocytes derived from these isogenic lines were used to generate cardiac micropatterns and engineered cardiac tissue constructs (ECTs) that were characterized for contractile function, Ca2+-handling, and Ca2+-sensitivity. While heterozygous frame shifts did not alter cMyBP-C protein levels in 2-D cardiomyocytes, cMyBP-C+/- ECTs were haploinsufficient. cMyBP-C-/- cardiac micropatterns produced increased strain with normal Ca2+-handling. After 2 wk of culture in ECT, contractile function was similar between the three genotypes; however, Ca2+-release was slower in the setting of reduced or absent cMyBP-C. At 6 wk in ECT culture, the Ca2+-handling abnormalities became more pronounced in both cMyBP-C+/- and cMyBP-C-/- ECTs, and force production became severely depressed in cMyBP-C-/- ECTs. RNA-seq analysis revealed enrichment of differentially expressed hypertrophic, sarcomeric, Ca2+-handling, and metabolic genes in cMyBP-C+/- and cMyBP-C-/- ECTs. Our data suggest a progressive phenotype caused by cMyBP-C haploinsufficiency and ablation that initially is hypercontractile, but progresses to hypocontractility with impaired relaxation. The severity of the phenotype correlates with the amount of cMyBP-C present, with more severe earlier phenotypes observed in cMyBP-C-/- than cMyBP-C+/- ECTs. We propose that while the primary effect of cMyBP-C haploinsufficiency or ablation may relate to myosin crossbridge orientation, the observed contractile phenotype is Ca2+-mediated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem J. De Lange
- Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Emily T. Farrell
- Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jonathan J. Hernandez
- Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Alana Stempien
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Caroline R. Kreitzer
- Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Derek R. Jacobs
- Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Dominique L. Petty
- Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Richard L. Moss
- Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Wendy C. Crone
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - J. Carter Ralphe
- Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Abraham O, Szela L, Feng E, Egbujor M, Gay S. Exploring Youth Perceptions About Cancer Prevention and Preferences for Education: a Qualitative Study. J Cancer Educ 2023; 38:50-59. [PMID: 34387834 PMCID: PMC8360774 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-021-02077-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize adolescents' perspectives on cancer and cancer prevention and to explore their preferences for cancer education. A total of 188 middle and high school students participated in 25 focus groups. Focus groups were led by study team members and included five to ten participants each. Adolescents were asked to discuss their cancer and cancer prevention knowledge, sources of cancer education, and preferences for cancer prevention education. Focus groups were audio-recorded, and professionally transcribed. Transcripts were content and thematically analyzed by two study team members using NVivo qualitative data software. Six themes were identified in focus groups: knowledge about cancer, negative perceptions of cancer, awareness of cancer prevention, engagement in cancer prevention, facilitators and barriers for action, and preferences for cancer education. Adolescents described a wide range of cancer education sources, including friends, family, healthcare professionals, school, technology, and pamphlets. Participants associated cancer with negative emotions, such as sadness and fear. Participants expressed interest in learning about cancer and cancer prevention, but also identified barriers to engaging in preventative behaviors, such as discomfort, lack of knowledge, and lack of personal connection to cancer. Adolescents preferred learning through personal presentations, online videos, school, educational games, and social situations. Adolescence is a critical period for learning and developing healthy behaviors. Awareness of cancer and cancer prevention is crucial to lowering cancer risk in the future. To be effective, cancer education for adolescents should target specific areas of cancer prevention and address barriers to engagement in preventative behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olufunmilola Abraham
- Social and Administrative Sciences Division , University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Pharmacy, 777 Highland Avenue, Suite 2515, Madison, USA.
| | - Lisa Szela
- Social and Administrative Sciences Division, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Emilie Feng
- Social and Administrative Sciences Division, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Maryann Egbujor
- Social and Administrative Sciences Division, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Sommer Gay
- Social and Administrative Sciences Division, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
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8
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Carlson PM, Patel RB, Birstler J, Rodriquez M, Sun C, Erbe AK, Bates AM, Marsh I, Grudzinski J, Hernandez R, Pieper AA, Feils AS, Rakhmilevich AL, Weichert JP, Bednarz BP, Sondel PM, Morris ZS. Radiation to all macroscopic sites of tumor permits greater systemic antitumor response to in situ vaccination. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e005463. [PMID: 36639155 PMCID: PMC9843201 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The antitumor effects of external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) are mediated, in part, by an immune response. We have reported that a single fraction of 12 Gy EBRT combined with intratumoral anti-GD2 hu14.18-IL2 immunocytokine (IC) generates an effective in situ vaccine (ISV) against GD2-positive murine tumors. This ISV is effective in eradicating single tumors with sustained immune memory; however, it does not generate an adequate abscopal response against macroscopic distant tumors. Given the immune-stimulatory capacity of radiation therapy (RT), we hypothesized that delivering RT to all sites of disease would augment systemic antitumor responses to ISV. METHODS We used a syngeneic B78 murine melanoma model consisting of a 'primary' flank tumor and a contralateral smaller 'secondary' flank tumor, treated with 12 Gy EBRT and intratumoral IC immunotherapy to the primary and additional EBRT to the secondary tumor. As a means of delivering RT to all sites of disease, both known and occult, we also used a novel alkylphosphocholine analog, NM600, conjugated to 90Y as a targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT). Tumor growth, overall survival, and cause of death were measured. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate immune population changes in both tumors. RESULTS Abscopal effects of local ISV were amplified by delivering as little as 2-6 Gy of EBRT to the secondary tumor. When the primary tumor ISV regimen was delivered in mice receiving 12 Gy EBRT to the secondary tumor, we observed improved overall survival and more disease-free mice with immune memory compared with either ISV or 12 Gy EBRT alone. Similarly, TRT combined with ISV resulted in improved overall survival and a trend towards reduced tumor growth rates when compared with either treatment alone. Using flow cytometry, we identified an influx of CD8+ T cells with a less exhausted phenotype in both the ISV-targeted primary and the distant secondary tumor following the combination of secondary tumor EBRT or TRT with primary tumor ISV. CONCLUSIONS We report a novel use for low-dose RT, not as a direct antitumor modality but as an immunomodulator capable of driving and expanding antitumor immunity against metastatic tumor sites following ISV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Carlson
- Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ravi B Patel
- Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Health System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jen Birstler
- Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Matthew Rodriquez
- Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Claire Sun
- Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Amy K Erbe
- Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Amber M Bates
- Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ian Marsh
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joseph Grudzinski
- Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Alexander A Pieper
- Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Arika S Feils
- Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Alexander L Rakhmilevich
- Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jamey P Weichert
- Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Bryan P Bednarz
- Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Paul M Sondel
- Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Zachary S Morris
- Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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9
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Huynh M, Chang HY, Lisiero DN, Ong IM, Kashyap T, Callander NS, Miyamoto S. HAPLN1 confers multiple myeloma cell resistance to several classes of therapeutic drugs. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274704. [PMID: 36480501 PMCID: PMC10045543 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM), a malignant plasma cell infiltration of the bone marrow, is generally considered incurable: resistance to multiple therapeutic drugs inevitably arises from tumor cell-intrinsic and tumor microenvironment (TME)-mediated mechanisms. Here we report that the proteoglycan tandem repeat 1 (PTR1) domain of the TME matrix protein, hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 (HAPLN1), induces a host of cell survival genes in MM cells and variable resistance to different classes of clinical drugs, including certain proteasome inhibitors, steroids, immunomodulatory drugs, and DNA damaging agents, in several MM cell lines tested. Collectively, our study identifies HAPLN1 as an extracellular matrix factor that can simultaneously confer MM cell resistance to multiple therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mailee Huynh
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Hae Yeun Chang
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Dominique N. Lisiero
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Irene M. Ong
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center (UWCCC), Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Trinayan Kashyap
- Karyopharm Therapeutics, Inc., Newton, MA, United States of America
| | - Natalie S. Callander
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Shigeki Miyamoto
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Madison, WI, United States of America
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center (UWCCC), Madison, WI, United States of America
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10
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Cull Weatherer AL, Krebsbach JK, Tevaarwerk AJ, Kerch SC, LoConte NK. The current status of survivorship care provision at the state level: a Wisconsin-based assessment. J Cancer Surviv 2022; 16:1355-1365. [PMID: 34609701 PMCID: PMC8490831 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-021-01117-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE As the number of cancer survivors grows, the responsibility for addressing their unique physical and emotional needs also increases. Survivorship care services vary by geography, health system, and insurance coverage. We aimed to understand the state of survivorship care services in Wisconsin's cancer facilities. METHODS The selection of cancer treatment facilities sought to provide a geographically representative sample. An adapted Patient-Centered Survivorship Care Index was comprised of questions regarding different aspects of survivorship practices. Areas of interest included disciplines incorporated, services provided, standards of care, and discussion of late-term effects, among others. RESULTS Out of 90 sites invited, 40 responded (44.4%). Oncologists, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners were the most common follow-up care disciplines. Risk reduction services, dietary services, access to physical activity, and behavioral health specialist referral were described as standards of care in less than half of sites. All sites reported working with community partners, 92.5% of which worked with YMCA-related programs. Discussion of long-term effects was a standard of care for all sites. Effects such as emotional distress and health practice changes were frequently discussed with almost all patients, while sexual functioning and fertility were not. CONCLUSIONS Services and specialties related to behavioral health, fertility/sexual health, and rehabilitation and physical activity varied between sites. Such services may be offered less often due to variable insurance coverage. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Policy solutions should be explored to increase insurance coverage and provision rates of necessary survivorship services to keep up with the projected increase in demand. Given imperfect and evolving measurement tools to assess needs for cancer survivorship care services, cancer survivors should feel empowered to voice when they have unmet needs and request referrals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John K Krebsbach
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, 610 N Walnut St., Room 370 WARF, Madison, WI, 53726, USA
| | - Amye J Tevaarwerk
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, 610 N Walnut St., Room 370 WARF, Madison, WI, 53726, USA
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sarah C Kerch
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, 610 N Walnut St., Room 370 WARF, Madison, WI, 53726, USA
| | - Noelle K LoConte
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, 610 N Walnut St., Room 370 WARF, Madison, WI, 53726, USA
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
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11
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Chan NT, Lee MS, Wang Y, Galipeau J, Li WJ, Xu W. CTR9 drives osteochondral lineage differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells via epigenetic regulation of BMP-2 signaling. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eadc9222. [PMID: 36383652 PMCID: PMC9668309 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adc9222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Cell fate determination of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) is precisely regulated by lineage-specific transcription factors and epigenetic enzymes. We found that CTR9, a key scaffold subunit of polymerase-associated factor complex (PAFc), selectively regulates hMSC differentiation to osteoblasts and chondrocytes, but not to adipocytes. An in vivo ectopic osteogenesis assay confirmed the essentiality of CTR9 in hMSC-derived bone formation. CTR9 counteracts the activity of Enhancer Of Zeste 2 (EZH2), the epigenetic enzyme that deposits H3K27me3, in hMSCs. Accordingly, CTR9 knockdown (KD) hMSCs gain H3K27me3 mark, and the osteogenic differentiation defects of CTR9 KD hMSCs can be partially rescued by treatment with EZH2 inhibitors. Transcriptome analyses identified bone morphology protein-2 (BMP-2) as a downstream effector of CTR9. BMP-2 secretion, membrane anchorage, and the BMP-SMAD pathway were impaired in CTR9 KD MSCs, and the effects were rescued by BMP-2 supplementation. This study uncovers an epigenetic mechanism engaging the CTR9-H3K27me3-BMP-2 axis to regulate the osteochondral lineage differentiation of hMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngai Ting Chan
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Ming-Song Lee
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Yidan Wang
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jacques Galipeau
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Wan-Ju Li
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Wei Xu
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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12
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Liu J, Wang Y, Heelan WJ, Chen Y, Li Z, Hu Q. Mucoadhesive probiotic backpacks with ROS nanoscavengers enhance the bacteriotherapy for inflammatory bowel diseases. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabp8798. [PMID: 36367930 PMCID: PMC9651739 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abp8798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are often associated with elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and highly dysregulated gut microbiota. In this study, we synthesized a polymer of hyaluronic acid-poly(propylene sulfide) (HA-PPS) and developed ROS-scavenging nanoparticles (HPN) that could effectively scavenge ROS. To achieve colon tissue targeting effects, the HPN nanoparticles were conjugated to the surface of modified probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN). To enhance the bacteriotherapy of EcN, we encapsulated EcN cells with a poly-norepinephrine (NE) layer that can protect EcN against environmental assaults to improve the viability of EcN in oral delivery and prolong the retention time of EcN in the intestine due to its strong mucoadhesive capability. In the dextran sulfate sodium-induced mouse colitis models, HPN-NE-EcN showed substantially enhanced prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota were increased after treatment with HPN-NE-EcN, contributing to the alleviation of IBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Yixin Wang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - William John Heelan
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Zhaoting Li
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Quanyin Hu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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13
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Schehr JL, Sethakorn N, Schultz ZD, Hernandez CI, Bade RM, Eyzaguirre D, Singh A, Niles DJ, Henderson L, Warrick JW, Berry SM, Sundling KE, Beebe DJ, Leal TA, Lang JM. Analytical validation and initial clinical testing of quantitative microscopic evaluation for PD-L1 and HLA I expression on circulating tumor cells from patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Biomark Res 2022; 10:26. [PMID: 35468853 PMCID: PMC9040226 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-022-00370-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) predicts response to immune checkpoint blockade, however is an imperfect biomarker given tumor heterogeneity, and the antigen presentation pathway requiring other components including HLA I expression. HLA I downregulation may contribute to resistance, warranting its evaluation in attempts to guide patient selection. In addition, earlier detection of acquired resistance could prompt earlier change in treatment and prolong patient survival. Analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) captures heterogeneity across multiple sites of metastases, enables detection of changes in tumor burden that precede radiographic response, and can be obtained in serial fashion. METHODS To quantify the expression of both PD-L1 and HLA I on CTCs, we developed exclusion-based sample preparation technology, achieving high-yield with gentle magnetic movement of antibody-labeled cells through virtual barriers of surface tension. To achieve clinical-grade quantification of rare cells, we employ high quality fluorescence microscopy image acquisition and automated image analysis together termed quantitative microscopy. RESULTS In preparation for clinical laboratory implementation, we demonstrate high precision and accuracy of these methodologies using a diverse set of control materials. Preliminary testing of CTCs isolated from patients with NSCLC demonstrate heterogeneity in PD-L1 and HLA I expression and promising clinical value in predicting PFS in response to PD-L1 targeted therapies. CONCLUSIONS By confirming high performance, we ensure compatibility for clinical laboratory implementation and future application to better predict and detect resistance to PD-L1 targeted therapy in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nan Sethakorn
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | | | - Rory M Bade
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Diego Eyzaguirre
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Anupama Singh
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - David J Niles
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | | | - Jay W Warrick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Scott M Berry
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Kaitlin E Sundling
- Wisconsin State Lab of Hygiene, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - David J Beebe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Ticiana A Leal
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Joshua M Lang
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 7151, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
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14
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Gorzelitz JS, Stoller S, Costanzo E, Gangnon R, Koltyn K, Dietz AT, Spencer RJ, Rash J, Cadmus-Bertram L. Improvements in strength and agility measures of functional fitness following a telehealth-delivered home-based exercise intervention in endometrial cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer 2022; 30:447-455. [PMID: 34304292 PMCID: PMC9362897 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-021-06415-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Endometrial cancer is strongly linked to obesity and inactivity; however, increased physical activity has important benefits even in the absence of weight loss. Resistance (strength) training can deliver these benefits; yet few women participate in resistance exercise. The purpose of this study was to describe both physiological and functional changes following a home-based strength training intervention. METHODS Forty post-treatment endometrial cancer survivors within 5 years of diagnosis were enrolled in a pilot randomized trial, comparing twice-weekly home-based strength exercise to wait list control. Participants conducted the exercises twice per week for 10 supervised weeks with 5 weeks of follow-up. Measures included DXA-measured lean mass, functional fitness assessments, blood biomarkers, and quality of life outcomes. RESULTS On average, participants were 60.9 years old (SD = 8.7) with BMI of 39.9 kg/m2 (SD = 15.2). At baseline, participants had 51.2% (SD = 6.0) body fat, which was not different between groups. Improvements were seen in the 30-s chair sit to stand (d = .99), the 30-s arm curl (d = .91), and the 8-ft up-and-go test (d = .63). No changes were measured for HbA1c or C-reactive protein. No changes were observed for flexibility (chair sit and reach, back scratch tests), 6-min walk test, maximum handgrip test, anxiety, depression, fatigue, or self-efficacy for exercise. CONCLUSIONS Home-based muscle-strengthening exercise led to favorable and clinically relevant improvements in 3 of 7 physical function assessments. Physical function, body composition, blood biomarkers, and patient-reported outcomes were feasible to measure. These fitness improvements were observed over a relatively short time frame of 10 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica S Gorzelitz
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1300 University Ave, Bardeen 253A, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Stefanie Stoller
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Doctor of Physical Therapy Division, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Erin Costanzo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ronald Gangnon
- Departments of Biostatistics & Medical Informatics, and Statistics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kelli Koltyn
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1300 University Ave, Bardeen 253A, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Amy Trentham Dietz
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ryan J Spencer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Joanne Rash
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Lisa Cadmus-Bertram
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1300 University Ave, Bardeen 253A, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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15
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Aiken TJ, Komjathy D, Rodriguez M, Stuckwisch A, Feils A, Subbotin V, Birstler J, Gillies SD, Rakhmilevich AL, Erbe AK, Sondel PM. Short-course neoadjuvant in situ vaccination for murine melanoma. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:e003586. [PMID: 35039460 PMCID: PMC8765065 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical resection remains an important component of multimodality treatment for most solid tumors. Neoadjuvant immunotherapy has several potential advantages, including in-situ tumor vaccination and pathologic assessment of response in the surgical specimen. We previously described an in-situ tumor vaccination strategy in melanoma using local radiation (RT) and an intratumoral injection of tumor-specific anti-GD2 immunocytokine (IT-IC). Here we tested whether neoadjuvant in-situ tumor vaccination using anti-GD2 immunocytokine and surgical resection, without RT, could generate immunologic memory capable of preventing recurrence or distant metastasis. METHODS Mice bearing GD2 expressing B78 melanoma tumors were treated with neoadjuvant radiation, IT-IC, or combined RT + IT-IC. Surgical resection was performed following neoadjuvant immunotherapy. Immune infiltrate was assessed in the resection specimens. Mice were rechallenged with either B78 contralateral flank tumors or pulmonary seeding of non-GD2 expressing B16 melanoma metastasis induced experimentally. Rejection of rechallenge in mice treated with the various treatment regimens was considered evidence of immunologic memory. RESULTS Neoadjuvant IT-IC and surgical resection resulted in increased CD8 T cell infiltration, a higher CD8:regulatory T cell ratio, and immunologic memory against contralateral flank rechallenge. The timing of resection did not significantly impact the development of memory, which was present as early as the day of surgery. There was less local wound toxicity with neoadjuvant IT-IC compared with neoadjuvant RT +IT IC. Neoadjuvant IT-IC and resection resulted in the rejection of B16 lung metastasis in a CD4 T cell dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Neoadjuvant IT-IC generates immunologic memory capable of preventing distant metastasis despite limited efficacy against large primary melanoma tumors. By combining neoadjuvant tumor vaccination and surgery, the toxicity of local RT was avoided. These preclinical data support further investigation regarding the use of neoadjuvant IT-IC in patients with melanoma at high risk for occult distant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor J Aiken
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - David Komjathy
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Matthew Rodriguez
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ashley Stuckwisch
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Arika Feils
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Vladimir Subbotin
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals Inc, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jen Birstler
- Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | | | - Amy K Erbe
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Paul M Sondel
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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16
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Kerr SC, Morgan MM, Gillette AA, Livingston MK, Lugo-Cintron KM, Favreau PF, Florek L, Johnson BP, Lang JM, Skala MC, Beebe DJ. A bioengineered organotypic prostate model for the study of tumor microenvironment-induced immune cell activation. Integr Biol (Camb) 2020; 12:250-262. [PMID: 33034643 PMCID: PMC7569006 DOI: 10.1093/intbio/zyaa020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The prostate tumor microenvironment (TME) is strongly immunosuppressive; it is largely driven by alteration in cell phenotypes (i.e. tumor-associated macrophages and exhausted cytotoxic T cells) that result in pro-tumorigenic conditions and tumor growth. A greater understanding into how these altered immune cell phenotypes are developed and could potentially be reversed would provide important insights into improved treatment efficacy for prostate cancer. Here, we report a microfluidic model of the prostate TME that mimics prostate ducts across various stages of prostate cancer progression, with associated stroma and immune cells. Using this platform, we exposed immune cells to a benign prostate TME or a metastatic prostate TME and investigated their metabolism, gene and cytokine expression. Immune cells exposed to the metastatic TME showed metabolic differences with a higher redox ratio indicating a switch to a more glycolytic metabolic profile. These cells also increased expression of pro-tumor response cytokines that have been shown to increase cell migration and angiogenesis such as Interleukin-1 (IL-1) a and Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Lastly, we observed decreased TLR, STAT signaling and TRAIL expression, suggesting that phenotypes derived from exposure to the metastatic TME could have an impaired anti-tumor response. This platform could provide a valuable tool for studying immune cell phenotypes in in vitro tumor microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheena C Kerr
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Molly M Morgan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Amani A Gillette
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Megan K Livingston
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Karina M Lugo-Cintron
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Logan Florek
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Brian P Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Joshua M Lang
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Melissa C Skala
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA
| | - David J Beebe
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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17
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Clark PA, Sriramaneni RN, Jin WJ, Jagodinsky JC, Bates AM, Jaquish AA, Anderson BR, Le T, Lubin JA, Chakravarty I, Arthur IS, Heinze CM, Guy EI, Kler J, Klar KA, Carlson PM, Kim KM, Kuo JS, Morris ZS. In situ vaccination at a peripheral tumor site augments response against melanoma brain metastases. J Immunother Cancer 2020; 8:e000809. [PMID: 32690669 PMCID: PMC7371368 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-000809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) alone is not efficacious for a large number of patients with melanoma brain metastases. We previously established an in situ vaccination (ISV) regimen combining radiation and immunocytokine to enhance response to ICIs. Here, we tested whether ISV inhibits the development of brain metastases in a murine melanoma model. METHODS B78 (GD2+) melanoma 'primary' tumors were engrafted on the right flank of C57BL/6 mice. After 3-4 weeks, primary tumors were treated with ISV (radiation (12 Gy, day 1), α-GD2 immunocytokine (hu14.18-IL2, days 6-10)) and ICI (α-CTLA-4, days 3, 6, 9). Complete response (CR) was defined as no residual tumor observed at treatment day 90. Mice with CR were tested for immune memory by re-engraftment with B78 in the left flank and then the brain. To test ISV efficacy against metastases, tumors were also engrafted in the left flank and brain of previously untreated mice. Tumors were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and multiplex cytokine assay. RESULTS ISV+α-CTLA-4 resulted in immune memory and rejection of B78 engraftment in the brain in 11 of 12 mice. When B78 was engrafted in brain prior to treatment, ISV+α-CTLA-4 increased survival compared with ICI alone. ISV+α-CTLA-4 eradicated left flank tumors but did not elicit CR at brain sites when tumor cells were engrafted in brain prior to ISV. ISV+α-CTLA-4 increased CD8+ and CD4+ T cells in flank and brain tumors compared with untreated mice. Among ISV + α-CTLA-4 treated mice, left flank tumors showed increased CD8+ infiltration and CD8+:FOXP3+ ratio compared with brain tumors. Flank and brain tumors showed minimal differences in expression of immune checkpoint receptors/ligands or Mhc-1. Cytokine productions were similar in left flank and brain tumors in untreated mice. Following ISV+α-CTLA-4, production of immune-stimulatory cytokines was greater in left flank compared with brain tumor grafts. CONCLUSION ISV augmented response to ICIs in murine melanoma at brain and extracranial tumor sites. Although baseline tumor-immune microenvironments were similar at brain and extracranial tumor sites, response to ISV+α-CTLA-4 was divergent with reduced infiltration and activation of immune cells in brain tumors. Additional therapies may be needed for effective antitumor immune response against melanoma brain metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Clark
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Raghava N Sriramaneni
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Won Jong Jin
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Justin C Jagodinsky
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Amber M Bates
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Abigail A Jaquish
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Bryce R Anderson
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Trang Le
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jonathan A Lubin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ishan Chakravarty
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ian S Arthur
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Clinton M Heinze
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Emily I Guy
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jasdeep Kler
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kelsey A Klar
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Peter M Carlson
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kyung Mann Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - John S Kuo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery Dell Medical School and Mulva Clinic for the Neurosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Zachary S Morris
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Morgan MM, Schuler LA, Ciciliano JC, Johnson BP, Alarid ET, Beebe DJ. Modeling chemical effects on breast cancer: the importance of the microenvironment in vitro. Integr Biol (Camb) 2020; 12:21-33. [PMID: 32118264 PMCID: PMC7060306 DOI: 10.1093/intbio/zyaa002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that our ability to predict chemical effects on breast cancer is limited by a lack of physiologically relevant in vitro models; the typical in vitro breast cancer model consists of the cancer cell and excludes the mammary microenvironment. As the effects of the microenvironment on cancer cell behavior becomes more understood, researchers have called for the integration of the microenvironment into in vitro chemical testing systems. However, given the complexity of the microenvironment and the variety of platforms to choose from, identifying the essential parameters to include in a chemical testing platform is challenging. This review discusses the need for more complex in vitro breast cancer models and outlines different approaches used to model breast cancer in vitro. We provide examples of the microenvironment modulating breast cancer cell responses to chemicals and discuss strategies to help pinpoint what components should be included in a model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly M Morgan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Linda A Schuler
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jordan C Ciciliano
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Brian P Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Elaine T Alarid
- Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - David J Beebe
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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19
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Lera RF, Norman RX, Dumont M, Dennee A, Martin‐Koob J, Fachinetti D, Burkard ME. Plk1 protects kinetochore-centromere architecture against microtubule pulling forces. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:e48711. [PMID: 31468671 PMCID: PMC6776907 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
During mitosis, sister chromatids attach to microtubules which generate ~ 700 pN pulling force focused on the centromere. We report that chromatin-localized signals generated by Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) maintain the integrity of the kinetochore and centromere against this force. Without sufficient Plk1 activity, chromosomes become misaligned after normal condensation and congression. These chromosomes are silent to the mitotic checkpoint, and many lag and mis-segregate in anaphase. Their centromeres and kinetochores lack CENP-A, CENP-C, CENP-T, Hec1, Nuf2, and Knl1; however, CENP-B is retained. CENP-A loss occurs coincident with secondary misalignment and anaphase onset. This disruption occurs asymmetrically prior to anaphase and requires tension generated by microtubules. Mechanistically, centromeres highly recruit PICH DNA helicase and PICH depletion restores kinetochore disruption in pre-anaphase cells. Furthermore, anaphase defects are significantly reduced by tethering Plk1 to chromatin, including H2B, and INCENP, but not to CENP-A. Taken as a whole, this demonstrates that Plk1 signals are crucial for stabilizing centromeric architecture against tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert F Lera
- Division of Hematology/OncologyDepartment of MedicineSchool of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA
- UW Carbone Cancer CenterUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA
| | - Roshan X Norman
- Division of Hematology/OncologyDepartment of MedicineSchool of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA
- UW Carbone Cancer CenterUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA
| | - Marie Dumont
- Institut CurieCNRS, UMR 144PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Alexandra Dennee
- Division of Hematology/OncologyDepartment of MedicineSchool of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA
- UW Carbone Cancer CenterUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA
| | - Joanne Martin‐Koob
- Division of Hematology/OncologyDepartment of MedicineSchool of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA
- UW Carbone Cancer CenterUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA
| | | | - Mark E Burkard
- Division of Hematology/OncologyDepartment of MedicineSchool of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA
- UW Carbone Cancer CenterUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA
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Patel RB, Ye M, Carlson PM, Jaquish A, Zangl L, Ma B, Wang Y, Arthur I, Xie R, Brown RJ, Wang X, Sriramaneni R, Kim K, Gong S, Morris ZS. Development of an In Situ Cancer Vaccine via Combinational Radiation and Bacterial-Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1902626. [PMID: 31523868 PMCID: PMC6810793 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Neoantigens induced by random mutations and specific to an individual's cancer are the most important tumor antigens recognized by T cells. Among immunologically "cold" tumors, limited recognition of tumor neoantigens results in the absence of a de novo antitumor immune response. These "cold" tumors present a clinical challenge as they are poorly responsive to most immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Radiation therapy (RT) can enhance immune recognition of "cold" tumors, resulting in a more diversified antitumor T-cell response, yet RT alone rarely results in a systemic antitumor immune response. Therefore, a multifunctional bacterial membrane-coated nanoparticle (BNP) composed of an immune activating PC7A/CpG polyplex core coated with bacterial membrane and imide groups to enhance antigen retrieval is developed. This BNP can capture cancer neoantigens following RT, enhance their uptake in dendritic cells (DCs), and facilitate their cross presentation to stimulate an antitumor T-cell response. In mice bearing syngeneic melanoma or neuroblastoma, treatment with BNP+RT results in activation of DCs and effector T cells, marked tumor regression, and tumor-specific antitumor immune memory. This BNP facilitates in situ immune recognition of a radiated tumor, enabling a novel personalized approach to cancer immunotherapy using off-the-shelf therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi B Patel
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, WIMR-I, Room 3131, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Mingzhou Ye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, 330 N Orchard St. B1162, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Peter M Carlson
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, WIMR-I, Room 3131, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Abigail Jaquish
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, WIMR-I, Room 3131, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Luke Zangl
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, WIMR-I, Room 3131, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Ben Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, 330 N Orchard St. B1162, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Yuyuan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, 330 N Orchard St. B1162, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Ian Arthur
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, WIMR-I, Room 3131, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Ruosen Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, 330 N Orchard St. B1162, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Ryan J Brown
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, WIMR-I, Room 3131, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, WARF Office Bldg, 610 Walnut St, 2nd Fl., Madison, WI, 53726, USA
| | - Raghava Sriramaneni
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, WIMR-I, Room 3131, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - KyungMann Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, WARF Office Bldg, 610 Walnut St, 2nd Fl., Madison, WI, 53726, USA
| | - Shaoqin Gong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, 330 N Orchard St. B1162, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Zachary S Morris
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, WIMR-I, Room 3131, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
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21
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Zbyszynski P, Toraason I, Repp L, Kwon GS. Probing the subcutaneous absorption of a PEGylated FUD peptide nanomedicine via in vivo fluorescence imaging. Nano Converg 2019; 6:22. [PMID: 31281949 PMCID: PMC6612524 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-019-0192-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The Functional Upstream Domain (FUD) peptide is a potent inhibitor of fibronectin assembly and a therapeutic candidate for disorders linked with hyperdeposition of fibronectin-modulated ECM proteins. Most recently, experiments involving subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of a PEGylated FUD (PEG-FUD) of 27.5 kDa molecular weight yielded a significant reduction of fibronectin and collagen deposition in a murine model of renal fibrosis. The benefits of FUD PEGylation need to be studied to unlock the full potential of the PEG-FUD platform. This work studies the impact of PEGylating the FUD peptide with differently sized PEG on its absorption from the site of injection following s.c. delivery using non-invasive in vivo fluorescence imaging. The FUD and mFUD (control) peptides and their 10 kDa, 20 kDa, and 40 kDa PEG conjugates were labeled with the sulfo-Cy5 fluorophore. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and confocal fluorescence microscopy experiments verified FUD and PEG-FUD fibronectin binding activity preservation following sulfo-Cy5 labeling. Fluorescence in vivo imaging experiments revealed a linear relationship between the absorption apparent half-life (t1/2) and the MW of FUD, mFUD, and their PEG conjugates. Detected drug signal in the kidney and bladder regions of mice suggests that smaller peptides of both the FUD and mFUD series enter the kidney earlier and in higher amounts than their larger PEG conjugates. This work highlights an important delayed dose absorption enhancement that MW modification via PEGylation can contribute to a drug when combined with the subcutaneous route of delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Zbyszynski
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Inger Toraason
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Lauren Repp
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Glen S Kwon
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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22
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Esnault S, Torr EE, Bernau K, Johansson MW, Kelly EA, Sandbo N, Jarjour NN. Endogenous Semaphorin-7A Impedes Human Lung Fibroblast Differentiation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170207. [PMID: 28095470 PMCID: PMC5240965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorin-7A is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein, initially characterized as an axon guidance protein. Semaphorin-7A also contributes to immune cell regulation and may be an essential pro-fibrotic factor when expressed by non-fibroblast cell types (exogenous). In mouse models, semaphorin-7A was shown to be important for TGF-ß1-induced pulmonary fibrosis characterized by myofibroblast accumulation and extracellular matrix deposition, but the cell-specific role of semaphorin-7A was not examined in fibroblasts. The purpose of this study is to determine semaphorin-7A expression by fibroblasts and to investigate the function of endogenously expressed semaphorin-7A in primary human lung fibroblasts (HLF). Herein, we show that non-fibrotic HLF expressed high levels of cell surface semaphorin-7A with little dependence on the percentage of serum or recombinant TGF-ß1. Semaphorin-7A siRNA strongly decreased semaphorin-7A mRNA expression and reduced cell surface semaphorin-7A. Reduction of semaphorin-7A induced increased proliferation and migration of non-fibrotic HLF. Also, independent of the presence of TGF-ß1, the decline of semaphorin-7A by siRNA was associated with increased α-smooth muscle actin production and gene expression of periostin, fibronectin, laminin, and serum response factor (SRF), indicating differentiation into a myofibroblast. Conversely, overexpression of semaphorin-7A in the NIH3T3 fibroblast cell line reduced the production of pro-fibrotic markers. The inverse association between semaphorin-7A and pro-fibrotic fibroblast markers was further analyzed using HLF from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (n = 6) and non-fibrotic (n = 7) lungs. Using these 13 fibroblast lines, we observed that semaphorin-7A and periostin expression were inversely correlated. In conclusion, our study indicates that endogenous semaphorin-7A in HLF plays a role in maintaining fibroblast homeostasis by preventing up-regulation of pro-fibrotic genes. Therefore, endogenous and exogenous semaphorin-7A may have opposite effects on the fibroblast phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Esnault
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Elizabeth E. Torr
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Ksenija Bernau
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Mats W. Johansson
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth A. Kelly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Nathan Sandbo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Nizar N. Jarjour
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
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