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Miyazaki-Anzai S, Masuda M, Keenan AL, Shiozaki Y, Miranda JG, Miyazaki M. Activation of the IKK2/NF-κB pathway in VSMCs inhibits calcified vascular stiffness in CKD. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e174977. [PMID: 38470493 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.174977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
IKK2/NF-κB pathway-mediated inflammation in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) has been proposed to be an etiologic factor in medial calcification and stiffness. However, the role of the IKK2/NF-κB pathway in medial calcification remains to be elucidated. In this study, we found that chronic kidney disease (CKD) induces inflammatory pathways through the local activation of the IKK2/NF-κB pathway in VMSCs associated with calcified vascular stiffness. Despite reducing the expression of inflammatory mediators, complete inhibition of the IKK2/NF-κB pathway in vitro and in vivo unexpectedly exacerbated vascular mineralization and stiffness. In contrast, activation of NF-κB by SMC-specific IκBα deficiency attenuated calcified vascular stiffness in CKD. Inhibition of the IKK2/NF-κB pathway induced cell death of VSMCs by reducing anti-cell death gene expression, whereas activation of NF-κB reduced CKD-dependent vascular cell death. In addition, increased calcification of extracellular vesicles through the inhibition of the IKK2/NF-κB pathway induced mineralization of VSMCs, which was significantly reduced by blocking cell death in vitro and in vivo. This study reveals that activation of the IKK2/NF-κB pathway in VSMCs plays a protective role in CKD-dependent calcified vascular stiffness by reducing the release of apoptotic calcifying extracellular vesicles.
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Liu BM, Li NL, Wang R, Li X, Li ZA, Marion TN, Li K. Key roles for phosphorylation and the Coiled-coil domain in TRIM56-mediated positive regulation of TLR3-TRIF-dependent innate immunity. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107249. [PMID: 38556084 PMCID: PMC11067339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Tripartite-motif protein-56 (TRIM56) positively regulates the induction of type I interferon response via the TLR3 pathway by enhancing IRF3 activation and depends on its C-terminal residues 621-750 for interacting with the adaptor TRIF. However, the precise underlying mechanism and detailed TRIM56 determinants remain unclear. Herein, we show ectopic expression of murine TRIM56 also enhances TLR3-dependent interferon-β promoter activation, suggesting functional conservation. We found that endogenous TRIM56 and TRIF formed a complex early (0.5-2 h) after poly-I:C stimulation and that TRIM56 overexpression also promoted activation of NF-κB by poly-I:C but not that by TNF-α or IL-1β, consistent with a specific effect on TRIF prior to the bifurcation of NF-κB and IRF3. Using transient transfection and Tet-regulated cell lines expressing various TRIM56 mutants, we demonstrated the Coiled-coil domain and a segment spanning residues ∼434-610, but not the B-box or residues 355-433, were required for TRIM56 augmentation of TLR3 signaling. Moreover, alanine substitution at each putative phosphorylation site, Ser471, Ser475, and Ser710, abrogated TRIM56 function. Concordantly, mutants bearing Ser471Ala, Ser475Ala, or Ser710Ala, or lacking the Coiled-coil domain, all lost the capacity to enhance poly-I:C-induced establishment of an antiviral state. Furthermore, the Ser710Ala mutation disrupted the TRIM56-TRIF association. Using phospho-specific antibodies, we detected biphasic phosphorylation of TRIM56 at Ser471 and Ser475 following TLR3 stimulation, with the early phase occurring at ∼0.5 to 1 h, prior to IRF3 phosphorylation. Together, these data reveal novel molecular details critical for the TRIM56 augmentation of TLR3-dependent antiviral response and highlight important roles for TRIM56 scaffolding and phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; Divisions of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA; Department of Pathology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA; Children's National Research Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA; The District of Columbia Center for AIDS Research, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Nan L Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ruixue Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Xiaofan Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Z Alex Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tony N Marion
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kui Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
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Feng Y, Li Z, Wang H, Liu BC, Lee K, He JC. HIPK2 C-terminal domain inhibits NF-κB signaling and renal inflammation in kidney injury. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e175153. [PMID: 38512421 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.175153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
HIPK2 is a multifunctional kinase that acts as a key pathogenic mediator of chronic kidney disease and fibrosis. It acts as a central effector of multiple signaling pathways implicated in kidney injury, such as TGF-β/Smad3-mediated extracellular matrix accumulation, NF-κB-mediated inflammation, and p53-mediated apoptosis. Thus, a better understanding of the specific HIPK2 regions necessary for distinct downstream pathway activation is critical for optimal drug development for CKD. Our study now shows that caspase-6-mediated removal of the C-terminal region of HIPK2 (HIPK2-CT) lead to hyperactive p65 NF-κB transcriptional response in kidney cells. In contrast, the expression of cleaved HIPK2-CT fragment could restrain the NF-κB transcriptional activity by cytoplasmic sequestration of p65 and the attenuation of IκBα degradation. Therefore, we examined whether HIPK2-CT expression can be exploited to restrain renal inflammation in vivo. The induction of HIPK2-CT overexpression in kidney tubular cells attenuated p65 nuclear translocation, expression of inflammatory cytokines, and macrophage infiltration in the kidneys of mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction and LPS-induced acute kidney injury. Collectively, our findings indicate that the HIPK2-CT is involved in the regulation of nuclear NF-κB transcriptional activity and that HIPK2-CT or its analogs could be further exploited as potential antiinflammatory agents to treat kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Feng
- Department of Medicine/Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zhengzhe Li
- Department of Medicine/Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Heather Wang
- Department of Medicine/Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bi-Cheng Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kyung Lee
- Department of Medicine/Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - John Cijiang He
- Department of Medicine/Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Renal Section, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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Grant RA, Poor TA, Sichizya L, Diaz E, Bailey JI, Soni S, Senkow KJ, Pérez-Leonor XG, Abdala-Valencia H, Lu Z, Donnelly HK, Simons LM, Ozer EA, Tighe RM, Lomasney JW, Wunderink RG, Singer BD, Misharin AV, Budinger GRS. Prolonged exposure to lung-derived cytokines is associated with activation of microglia in patients with COVID-19. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e178859. [PMID: 38502186 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.178859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDSurvivors of pneumonia, including SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, are at increased risk for cognitive dysfunction and dementia. In rodent models, cognitive dysfunction following pneumonia has been linked to the systemic release of lung-derived pro-inflammatory cytokines. Microglia are poised to respond to inflammatory signals from the circulation, and their dysfunction has been linked to cognitive impairment in murine models of dementia and in humans.METHODSWe measured levels of 55 cytokines and chemokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and plasma from 341 patients with respiratory failure and 13 healthy controls, including 93 unvaccinated patients with COVID-19 and 203 patients with other causes of pneumonia. We used flow cytometry to sort neuroimmune cells from postmortem brain tissue from 5 patients who died from COVID-19 and 3 patients who died from other causes for single-cell RNA-sequencing.RESULTSMicroglia from patients with COVID-19 exhibited a transcriptomic signature suggestive of their activation by circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines. Peak levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were similar in patients with pneumonia irrespective of etiology, but cumulative cytokine exposure was higher in patients with COVID-19. Treatment with corticosteroids reduced expression of COVID-19-specific cytokines.CONCLUSIONProlonged lung inflammation results in sustained elevations in circulating cytokines in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia compared with those with pneumonia secondary to other pathogens. Microglia from patients with COVID-19 exhibit transcriptional responses to inflammatory cytokines. These findings support data from rodent models causally linking systemic inflammation with cognitive dysfunction in pneumonia and support further investigation into the role of microglia in pneumonia-related cognitive dysfunction.FUNDINGSCRIPT U19AI135964, UL1TR001422, P01AG049665, P01HL154998, R01HL149883, R01LM013337, R01HL153122, R01HL147290, R01HL147575, R01HL158139, R01ES034350, R01ES027574, I01CX001777, U01TR003528, R21AG075423, T32AG020506, F31AG071225, T32HL076139.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogan A Grant
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
| | - Taylor A Poor
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
| | - Lango Sichizya
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
| | - Estefani Diaz
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
| | - Joseph I Bailey
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
| | - Sahil Soni
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
| | - Karolina J Senkow
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
| | | | | | - Ziyan Lu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
| | - Helen K Donnelly
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
| | - Lacy M Simons
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Robert J. Havey, MD Institute for Global Health, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Egon A Ozer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Robert J. Havey, MD Institute for Global Health, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert M Tighe
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Richard G Wunderink
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
| | - Benjamin D Singer
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, and Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - G R Scott Budinger
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
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Weh KM, Howard CL, Zhang Y, Tripp BA, Clarke JL, Howell AB, Rubenstein JH, Abrams JA, Westerhoff M, Kresty LA. Prebiotic proanthocyanidins inhibit bile reflux-induced esophageal adenocarcinoma through reshaping the gut microbiome and esophageal metabolome. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e168112. [PMID: 38329812 PMCID: PMC11063939 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.168112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut and local esophageal microbiome progressively shift from healthy commensal bacteria to inflammation-linked pathogenic bacteria in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, Barrett's esophagus, and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). However, mechanisms by which microbial communities and metabolites contribute to reflux-driven EAC remain incompletely understood and challenging to target. Herein, we utilized a rat reflux-induced EAC model to investigate targeting the gut microbiome-esophageal metabolome axis with cranberry proanthocyanidins (C-PAC) to inhibit EAC progression. Sprague-Dawley rats, with or without reflux induction, received water or C-PAC ad libitum (700 μg/rat/day) for 25 or 40 weeks. C-PAC exerted prebiotic activity abrogating reflux-induced dysbiosis and mitigating bile acid metabolism and transport, culminating in significant inhibition of EAC through TLR/NF-κB/TP53 signaling cascades. At the species level, C-PAC mitigated reflux-induced pathogenic bacteria (Streptococcus parasanguinis, Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabilis). C-PAC specifically reversed reflux-induced bacterial, inflammatory, and immune-implicated proteins and genes, including Ccl4, Cd14, Crp, Cxcl1, Il6, Il1b, Lbp, Lcn2, Myd88, Nfkb1, Tlr2, and Tlr4, aligning with changes in human EAC progression, as confirmed through public databases. C-PAC is a safe, promising dietary constituent that may be utilized alone or potentially as an adjuvant to current therapies to prevent EAC progression through ameliorating reflux-induced dysbiosis, inflammation, and cellular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M. Weh
- Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, and
- Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Connor L. Howard
- Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, and
- Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, and
- Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Jennifer L. Clarke
- Department of Statistics, Department of Food Science Technology, Quantitative Life Sciences Initiative, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Amy B. Howell
- Marucci Center for Blueberry and Cranberry Research, Rutgers University, Chatsworth, New Jersey, USA
| | - Joel H. Rubenstein
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- LTC Charles S. Kettles Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Julian A. Abrams
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maria Westerhoff
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Laura A. Kresty
- Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, and
- Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Seaton G, Smith H, Brancale A, Westwell AD, Clarkson R. Multifaceted roles for BCL3 in cancer: a proto-oncogene comes of age. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:7. [PMID: 38195591 PMCID: PMC10775530 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01922-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
In the early 1990's a group of unrelated genes were identified from the sites of recurring translocations in B-cell lymphomas. Despite sharing the nomenclature 'Bcl', and an association with blood-borne cancer, these genes have unrelated functions. Of these genes, BCL2 is best known as a key cancer target involved in the regulation of caspases and other cell viability mechanisms. BCL3 on the other hand was originally identified as a non-canonical regulator of NF-kB transcription factor pathways - a signaling mechanism associated with important cell outcomes including many of the hallmarks of cancer. Most of the early investigations into BCL3 function have since focused on its role in NF-kB mediated cell proliferation, inflammation/immunity and cancer. However, recent evidence is coming to light that this protein directly interacts with and modulates a number of other signaling pathways including DNA damage repair, WNT/β-catenin, AKT, TGFβ/SMAD3 and STAT3 - all of which have key roles in cancer development, metastatic progression and treatment of solid tumours. Here we review the direct evidence demonstrating BCL3's central role in a transcriptional network of signaling pathways that modulate cancer biology and treatment response in a range of solid tumour types and propose common mechanisms of action of BCL3 which may be exploited in the future to target its oncogenic effects for patient benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Seaton
- European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Biosciences, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Hannah Smith
- European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Biosciences, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Andrea Brancale
- UCT Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, 6 - Dejvice, IČO: 60461337, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrew D Westwell
- Cardiff University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Redwood Building, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Richard Clarkson
- European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Biosciences, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK.
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Mebratu YA, Jones JT, Liu C, Negasi ZH, Rahman M, Rojas-Quintero J, O’Connor GT, Gao W, Dupuis J, Cho MH, Litonjua AA, Randell S, Tesfaigzi Y. Bik promotes proteasomal degradation to control low-grade inflammation. J Clin Invest 2023; 134:e170594. [PMID: 38113109 PMCID: PMC10866658 DOI: 10.1172/jci170594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Although chronic low-grade inflammation does not cause immediate clinical symptoms, over the longer term, it can enhance other insults or age-dependent damage to organ systems and thereby contribute to age-related disorders, such as respiratory disorders, heart disease, metabolic disorders, autoimmunity, and cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms governing low-level inflammation are largely unknown. We discovered that Bcl-2-interacting killer (Bik) deficiency causes low-level inflammation even at baseline and the development of spontaneous emphysema in female but not male mice. Similarly, a single nucleotide polymorphism that reduced Bik levels was associated with increased inflammation and enhanced decline in lung function in humans. Transgenic expression of Bik in the airways of Bik-deficient mice inhibited allergen- or LPS-induced lung inflammation and reversed emphysema in female mice. Bik deficiency increased nuclear but not cytosolic p65 levels because Bik, by modifying the BH4 domain of Bcl-2, interacted with regulatory particle non-ATPase 1 (RPN1) and RPN2 and enhanced proteasomal degradation of nuclear proteins. Bik deficiency increased inflammation primarily in females because Bcl-2 and Bik levels were reduced in lung tissues and airway cells of female compared with male mice. Therefore, controlling low-grade inflammation by modifying the unappreciated role of Bik and Bcl-2 in facilitating proteasomal degradation of nuclear proteins may be crucial in treating chronic age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohannes A. Mebratu
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jane T. Jones
- University Geisel School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Congjian Liu
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zerihun H. Negasi
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mizanur Rahman
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joselyn Rojas-Quintero
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - George T. O’Connor
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s (NHLBI’s) Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Michael H. Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Augusto A. Litonjua
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Scott Randell
- Marsico Lung Institute, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yohannes Tesfaigzi
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Schwarz C, Göring J, Grüttner C, Hilger I. Intravenous Injection of PEI-Decorated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Impacts NF-kappaB Protein Expression in Immunologically Stressed Mice. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:3166. [PMID: 38133063 PMCID: PMC10745731 DOI: 10.3390/nano13243166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based formulations are considered valuable tools for diagnostic and treatment purposes. The surface decoration of nanoparticles with polyethyleneimine (PEI) is often used to enhance their targeting and functional properties. Here, we aimed at addressing the long-term fate in vivo and the potential "off-target" effects of PEI decorated iron oxide nanoparticles (PEI-MNPs) in individuals with low-grade and persistent systemic inflammation. For this purpose, we synthesized PEI-MNPs (core-shell method, PEI coating under high pressure homogenization). Further on, we induced a low-grade and persistent inflammation in mice through regular subcutaneous injection of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs, from zymosan). PEI-MNPs were injected intravenously. Up to 7 weeks thereafter, the blood parameters were determined via automated fluorescence flow cytometry, animals were euthanized, and the organs analyzed for iron contents (atomic absorption spectrometry) and for expression of NF-κB associated proteins (p65, IκBα, p105/50, p100/52, COX-2, Bcl-2, SDS-PAGE and Western blotting). We observed that the PEI-MNPs had a diameter of 136 nm and a zeta-potential 56.9 mV. After injection in mice, the blood parameters were modified and the iron levels were increased in different organs. Moreover, the liver of animals showed an increased protein expression of canonical NF-κB signaling pathway members early after PEI-MNP application, whereas at the later post-observation time, members of the non-canonical signaling pathway were prominent. We conclude that the synergistic effect between PEI-MNPs and the low-grade and persistent inflammatory state is mainly due to the hepatocytes sensing infection (PAMPs), to immune responses resulting from the intracellular metabolism of the uptaken PEI-MNPs, or to hepatocyte and immune cell communications. Therefore, we suggest a careful assessment of the safety and toxicity of PEI-MNP-based carriers for gene therapy, chemotherapy, and other medical applications not only in healthy individuals but also in those suffering from chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Schwarz
- Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, D-07740 Jena, Germany; (C.S.); (J.G.)
| | - Julia Göring
- Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, D-07740 Jena, Germany; (C.S.); (J.G.)
| | - Cordula Grüttner
- Micromod Partikeltechnologie GmbH, Schillingallee 68, D-18057 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Ingrid Hilger
- Micromod Partikeltechnologie GmbH, Schillingallee 68, D-18057 Rostock, Germany;
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9
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DiRusso CJ, DeMaria AM, Wong J, Wang W, Jordanides JJ, Whitty A, Allen KN, Gilmore TD. A conserved core region of the scaffold NEMO is essential for signal-induced conformational change and liquid-liquid phase separation. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105396. [PMID: 37890781 PMCID: PMC10694592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Scaffold proteins help mediate interactions between protein partners, often to optimize intracellular signaling. Herein, we use comparative, biochemical, biophysical, molecular, and cellular approaches to investigate how the scaffold protein NEMO contributes to signaling in the NF-κB pathway. Comparison of NEMO and the related protein optineurin from a variety of evolutionarily distant organisms revealed that a central region of NEMO, called the Intervening Domain (IVD), is conserved between NEMO and optineurin. Previous studies have shown that this central core region of the IVD is required for cytokine-induced activation of IκB kinase (IKK). We show that the analogous region of optineurin can functionally replace the core region of the NEMO IVD. We also show that an intact IVD is required for the formation of disulfide-bonded dimers of NEMO. Moreover, inactivating mutations in this core region abrogate the ability of NEMO to form ubiquitin-induced liquid-liquid phase separation droplets in vitro and signal-induced puncta in vivo. Thermal and chemical denaturation studies of truncated NEMO variants indicate that the IVD, while not intrinsically destabilizing, can reduce the stability of surrounding regions of NEMO due to the conflicting structural demands imparted on this region by flanking upstream and downstream domains. This conformational strain in the IVD mediates allosteric communication between the N- and C-terminal regions of NEMO. Overall, these results support a model in which the IVD of NEMO participates in signal-induced activation of the IKK/NF-κB pathway by acting as a mediator of conformational changes in NEMO.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony M DeMaria
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Judy Wong
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jack J Jordanides
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Adrian Whitty
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Karen N Allen
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Thomas D Gilmore
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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10
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Takami K, Okamoto K, Etani Y, Hirao M, Miyama A, Okamura G, Goshima A, Miura T, Kurihara T, Fukuda Y, Kanamoto T, Nakata K, Okada S, Ebina K. Anti-NF-κB peptide derived from nuclear acidic protein attenuates ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in mice. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e171962. [PMID: 37991021 PMCID: PMC10721323 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.171962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
NF-κB is a transcription factor that is activated with aging. It plays a key role in the development of osteoporosis by promoting osteoclast differentiation and inhibiting osteoblast differentiation. In this study, we developed a small anti-NF-κB peptide called 6A-8R from a nuclear acidic protein (also known as macromolecular translocation inhibitor II, Zn2+-binding protein, or parathymosin) that inhibits transcriptional activity of NF-κB without altering its nuclear translocation and binding to DNA. Intraperitoneal injection of 6A-8R attenuated ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in mice by inhibiting osteoclast differentiation, promoting osteoblast differentiation, and inhibiting sclerostin production by osteocytes in vivo with no apparent side effects. Conversely, in vitro, 6A-8R inhibited osteoclast differentiation by inhibiting NF-κB transcriptional activity, promoted osteoblast differentiation by promoting Smad1 phosphorylation, and inhibited sclerostin expression in osteocytes by inhibiting myocyte enhancer factors 2C and 2D. These findings suggest that 6A-8R has the potential to be an antiosteoporotic therapeutic agent with uncoupling properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Takami
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nippon Life Hospital, Nishi-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuki Okamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Etani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Hirao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Osaka Minami Medical Center, Kawachinagano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akira Miyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Osaka Toneyama Medical Center, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Gensuke Okamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Kita-ku, Sakai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Goshima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taihei Miura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuya Kurihara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuji Fukuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Ken Nakata
- Department of Health and Sport Sciences, and
| | - Seiji Okada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Ebina
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Musculoskeletal Regenerative Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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11
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Postler TS, Wang A, Brundu FG, Wang P, Wu Z, Butler KE, Grinberg-Bleyer Y, Krishnareddy S, Lagana SM, Saqi A, Oeckinghaus A, Rabadan R, Ghosh S. A pan-cancer analysis implicates human NKIRAS1 as a tumor-suppressor gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2312595120. [PMID: 37931099 PMCID: PMC10655574 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2312595120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The NF-κB family of transcription factors and the Ras family of small GTPases are important mediators of proproliferative signaling that drives tumorigenesis and carcinogenesis. The κB-Ras proteins were previously shown to inhibit both NF-κB and Ras activation through independent mechanisms, implicating them as tumor suppressors with potentially broad relevance to human cancers. In this study, we have used two mouse models to establish the relevance of the κB-Ras proteins for tumorigenesis. Additionally, we have utilized a pan-cancer bioinformatics analysis to explore the role of the κB-Ras proteins in human cancers. Surprisingly, we find that the genes encoding κB-Ras 1 (NKIRAS1) and κB-Ras 2 (NKIRAS2) are rarely down-regulated in tumor samples with oncogenic Ras mutations. Reduced expression of human NKIRAS1 alone is associated with worse prognosis in at least four cancer types and linked to a network of genes implicated in tumorigenesis. Our findings provide direct evidence that loss of NKIRAS1 in human tumors that do not carry oncogenic RAS mutations is associated with worse clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S. Postler
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY10032
| | - Anqi Wang
- Program for Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY10032
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY10032
| | - Francesco G. Brundu
- Program for Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY10032
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY10032
| | - Pingzhang Wang
- Program for Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY10032
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY10032
| | - Zikai Wu
- Program for Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY10032
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY10032
| | - Kelly E. Butler
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY10032
| | - Yenkel Grinberg-Bleyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY10032
| | - Suneeta Krishnareddy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY10032
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY10032
| | - Stephen M. Lagana
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY10032
| | - Anjali Saqi
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY10032
| | - Andrea Oeckinghaus
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY10032
| | - Raul Rabadan
- Program for Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY10032
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY10032
| | - Sankar Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY10032
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12
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DiRusso CJ, DeMaria AM, Wong J, Jordanides JJ, Whitty A, Allen KN, Gilmore TD. A Conserved Core Region of the Scaffold NEMO is Essential for Signal-induced Conformational Change and Liquid-liquid Phase Separation. bioRxiv 2023:2023.05.25.542299. [PMID: 37292615 PMCID: PMC10245932 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.25.542299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Scaffold proteins help mediate interactions between protein partners, often to optimize intracellular signaling. Herein, we use comparative, biochemical, biophysical, molecular, and cellular approaches to investigate how the scaffold protein NEMO contributes to signaling in the NF-κB pathway. Comparison of NEMO and the related protein optineurin from a variety of evolutionarily distant organisms revealed that a central region of NEMO, called the Intervening Domain (IVD), is conserved between NEMO and optineurin. Previous studies have shown that this central core region of the IVD is required for cytokine-induced activation of IκB kinase (IKK). We show that the analogous region of optineurin can functionally replace the core region of the NEMO IVD. We also show that an intact IVD is required for the formation of disulfide-bonded dimers of NEMO. Moreover, inactivating mutations in this core region abrogate the ability of NEMO to form ubiquitin-induced liquid-liquid phase separation droplets in vitro and signal-induced puncta in vivo. Thermal and chemical denaturation studies of truncated NEMO variants indicate that the IVD, while not intrinsically destabilizing, can reduce the stability of surrounding regions of NEMO, due to the conflicting structural demands imparted on this region by flanking upstream and downstream domains. This conformational strain in the IVD mediates allosteric communication between N- and C-terminal regions of NEMO. Overall, these results support a model in which the IVD of NEMO participates in signal-induced activation of the IKK/NF-κB pathway by acting as a mediator of conformational changes in NEMO.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Judy Wong
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Adrian Whitty
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Karen N. Allen
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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13
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Rojas-Quintero J, Laucho-Contreras ME, Wang X, Fucci QA, Burkett PR, Kim SJ, Zhang D, Tesfaigzi Y, Li Y, Bhashyam AR, Li Z, Khamas H, Celli B, Pilon AL, Polverino F, Owen CA. CC16 augmentation reduces exaggerated COPD-like disease in Cc16-deficient mice. JCI Insight 2023; 8:130771. [PMID: 36787195 PMCID: PMC10070105 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.130771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Low Club Cell 16 kDa protein (CC16) plasma levels are linked to accelerated lung function decline in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Cigarette smoke-exposed (CS-exposed) Cc16-/- mice have exaggerated COPD-like disease associated with increased NF-κB activation in their lungs. It is unclear whether CC16 augmentation can reverse exaggerated COPD in CS-exposed Cc16-/- mice and whether increased NF-κB activation contributes to the exaggerated COPD in CS-exposed Cc16-/- lungs. CS-exposed WT and Cc16-/- mice were treated with recombinant human CC16 (rhCC16) or an NF-κB inhibitor versus vehicle beginning at the midpoint of the exposures. COPD-like disease and NF-κB activation were measured in the lungs. RhCC16 limited the progression of emphysema, small airway fibrosis, and chronic bronchitis-like disease in WT and Cc16-/- mice partly by reducing pulmonary inflammation (reducing myeloid leukocytes and/or increasing regulatory T and/or B cells) and alveolar septal cell apoptosis, reducing NF-κB activation in CS-exposed Cc16-/- lungs, and rescuing the reduced Foxj1 expression in CS-exposed Cc16-/- lungs. IMD0354 treatment reduced exaggerated lung inflammation and rescued the reduced Foxj1 expression in CS-exposed Cc16-/- mice. RhCC16 treatment reduced NF-κB activation in luciferase reporter A549 cells. Thus, rhCC16 treatment limits COPD progression in CS-exposed Cc16-/- mice partly by inhibiting NF-κB activation and represents a potentially novel therapeutic approach for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joselyn Rojas-Quintero
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maria Eugenia Laucho-Contreras
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics program, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Quynh-Anh Fucci
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrick R Burkett
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Se-Jin Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Duo Zhang
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics program, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yohannes Tesfaigzi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yuhong Li
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Abhiram R Bhashyam
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zhang Li
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Haider Khamas
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bartolome Celli
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Francesca Polverino
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Caroline A Owen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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14
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Rohwedder I, Wackerbarth LM, Heinig K, Ballweg A, Altstätter J, Ripphahn M, Nussbaum C, Salvermoser M, Bierschenk S, Straub T, Gunzer M, Schmidt-Supprian M, Kolben T, Schulz C, Ma A, Walzog B, Heinig M, Sperandio M. A20 and the noncanonical NF-κB pathway are key regulators of neutrophil recruitment during fetal ontogeny. JCI Insight 2023; 8:155968. [PMID: 36633909 PMCID: PMC9977499 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.155968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Newborns are at high risk of developing neonatal sepsis, particularly if born prematurely. This has been linked to divergent requirements the immune system has to fulfill during intrauterine compared with extrauterine life. By transcriptomic analysis of fetal and adult neutrophils, we shed new light on the molecular mechanisms of neutrophil maturation and functional adaption during fetal ontogeny. We identified an accumulation of differentially regulated genes within the noncanonical NF-κB signaling pathway accompanied by constitutive nuclear localization of RelB and increased surface expression of TNF receptor type II in fetal neutrophils, as well as elevated levels of lymphotoxin α in fetal serum. Furthermore, we found strong upregulation of the negative inflammatory regulator A20 (Tnfaip3) in fetal neutrophils, which was accompanied by pronounced downregulation of the canonical NF-κB pathway. Functionally, overexpressing A20 in Hoxb8 cells led to reduced adhesion of these neutrophil-like cells in a flow chamber system. Conversely, mice with a neutrophil-specific A20 deletion displayed increased inflammation in vivo. Taken together, we have uncovered constitutive activation of the noncanonical NF-κB pathway with concomitant upregulation of A20 in fetal neutrophils. This offers perfect adaption of neutrophil function during intrauterine fetal life but also restricts appropriate immune responses particularly in prematurely born infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Rohwedder
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center Munich, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Lou Martha Wackerbarth
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center Munich, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Kristina Heinig
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center Munich, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Annamaria Ballweg
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center Munich, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Johannes Altstätter
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center Munich, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Myriam Ripphahn
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center Munich, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Claudia Nussbaum
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Salvermoser
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center Munich, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Susanne Bierschenk
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center Munich, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Tobias Straub
- Core Facility Bioinformatics, Biomedical Center Munich, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Matthias Gunzer
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | | | | | - Christian Schulz
- Medical Clinic I, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Averil Ma
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Barbara Walzog
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center Munich, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Matthias Heinig
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Informatics, TU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Sperandio
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center Munich, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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15
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O’Neill TJ, Gewies A, Seeholzer T, Krappmann D. TRAF6 controls T cell homeostasis by maintaining the equilibrium of MALT1 scaffolding and protease functions. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1111398. [PMID: 36761777 PMCID: PMC9902345 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1111398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
MALT1 is a core component of the CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 (CBM) signalosome, in which it acts as a scaffold and a protease to bridge T cell receptor (TCR) ligation to immune activation. As a scaffold, MALT1 binds to TRAF6, and T cell-specific TRAF6 ablation or destruction of MALT1-TRAF6 interaction provokes activation of conventional T (Tconv) effector cells. In contrast, MALT1 protease activity controls the development and suppressive function of regulatory T (Treg) cells in a T cell-intrinsic manner. Thus, complete loss of TRAF6 or selective inactivation of MALT1 catalytic function in mice skews the immune system towards autoimmune inflammation, but distinct mechanisms are responsible for these immune disorders. Here we demonstrate that TRAF6 deletion or MALT1 paracaspase inactivation are highly interdependent in causing the distinct immune pathologies. We crossed mice with T cell-specific TRAF6 ablation (Traf6-ΔT) and mice with a mutation rendering the MALT1 paracaspase dead in T cells (Malt1 PD-T) to yield Traf6-ΔT;Malt1 PD-T double mutant mice. These mice reveal that the autoimmune inflammation caused by TRAF6-ablation relies strictly on the function of the MALT1 protease to drive the activation of Tconv cells. Vice versa, despite the complete loss of Treg cells in Traf6-ΔT;Malt1 PD-T double mutant mice, inactivation of the MALT1 protease is unable to cause autoinflammation, because the Tconv effector cells are not activated in the absence of TRAF6. Consequentially, combined MALT1 paracaspase inactivation and TRAF6 deficiency in T cells mirrors the immunodeficiency seen upon T cell-specific MALT1 ablation.
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16
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Norda S, Papadantonaki R. Regulation of cells of the arterial wall by hypoxia and its role in the development of atherosclerosis. VASA 2023; 52:6-21. [PMID: 36484144 DOI: 10.1024/0301-1526/a001044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The cell's response to hypoxia depends on stabilization of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 complex and transactivation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). HIF target gene transcription in cells resident to atherosclerotic lesions adjoins a complex interplay of cytokines and mediators of inflammation affecting cholesterol uptake, migration, and inflammation. Maladaptive activation of the HIF-pathway and transactivation of nuclear factor kappa-B causes monocytes to invade early atherosclerotic lesions, maintaining inflammation and aggravating a low-oxygen environment. Meanwhile HIF-dependent upregulation of the ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCA1 causes attenuation of cholesterol efflux and ultimately macrophages becoming foam cells. Hypoxia facilitates neovascularization by upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secreted by endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells lining the arterial wall destabilizing the plaque. HIF-knockout animal models and inhibitor studies were able to show beneficial effects on atherogenesis by counteracting the HIF-pathway in the cell wall. In this review the authors elaborate on the up-to-date literature on regulation of cells of the arterial wall through activation of HIF-1α and its effect on atherosclerotic plaque formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Norda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Germany
| | - Rosa Papadantonaki
- Emergency Department, West Middlesex University Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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17
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Sharma S, Iqubal A, Khan V, Sharma K, Najmi AK, Haque SE. Icariin ameliorates oxidative stress-induced inflammation, apoptosis, and heart failure in isoproterenol-challenged Wistar rats. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2023; 26:517-525. [PMID: 37051097 PMCID: PMC10083836 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2023.66481.14589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Cardiovascular diseases are widespread across the globe, and heart failure (HF) accounts for the majority of heart-associated deaths. Target-based drug therapy is much needed for the management of heart failure. We have designed this study to evaluate icariin for its cardioprotective activity in the isoproterenol (ISO) induced postinfarction model. We have randomly distributed Wistar rats into seven groups, i.e., vehicle control; isoproterenol-treated; icariin per se; sildenafil per se; ISO + icariin 5; ISO + icariin 10; and ISO + sildenafil groups. ISO (85 mg/kg, subcutaneous) was administered at 24 hr for two consecutive days to produce cardiac injury, followed by icariin administration at 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg orally for 56 days. Materials and Methods Rats were subjected to hemodynamic measurements biweekly. After 24 hr of the completion of dosing, animals were sacrificed, and markers for oxidative stress, fibrosis, inflammation, and cell death were measured. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), histopathology, and MT staining of cardiac tissue were also done to assess the pathological and fibrotic architectural damage. Results A significant decline in hemodynamics and an anti-oxidant collapse were found in ISO-intoxicated rats. Alterations in the levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), interleukin-10 (IL-10), Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were also observed in serum. Up-regulation of caspase-3, nuclear factor (NF-ĸB), and decline in expression of nuclear factor (NrF-2) contribute to cardiac damage. The treatment with icariin and sildenafil considerably reversed the toxic changes toward normal. Conclusion Increased cGMP and Nrf2 expression and suppressed NF-ĸB-caspase-3 signaling play a pivotal role in icariin-mediated cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi – 110062, India
| | - Ashif Iqubal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi – 110062, India
| | - Vasim Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi – 110062, India
| | - Kalicharan Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi - 110017, India
| | - Abul Kalam Najmi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi – 110062, India
| | - Syed Ehtaishamul Haque
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi – 110062, India
- Corresponding author: Syed Ehtaishamul Haque. Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi – 110062, India. Tel: +91-9999464404; Fax: +91-11-26059663;
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18
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Zhou X, Xu H, Li Q, Wang Q, Liu H, Huang Y, Liang Y, Lie L, Han Z, Chen Y, Huang Y, Zhou W, Wen Q, Zhou C, Hu S, Ma L. Viperin deficiency promotes dendritic cell activation and function via NF-kappaB activation during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:27-41. [PMID: 36315280 PMCID: PMC9902321 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01638-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN Dendritic cells (DCs) are one of the key immune cells in bridging innate and adaptive immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Interferons (IFNs) play important roles in regulating DC activation and function. Virus-inhibitory protein, endoplasmic reticulum-associated, interferon-inducible (Viperin) is one of the important IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), and elicits host defense against infection. METHODS We investigated the effects and mechanisms of Viperin on DC activation and function using Viperin deficient bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) during Mtb infection. RESULTS Viperin deficiency enhanced phagocytic activity and increased clearance of Mtb in DCs, produced higher abundance of NO, cytokine including interleukin-12 (IL-12), Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1β, IL-6 and chemokine including CXCL1, CXCL2 and CXCL10, elevated MHC I, MHC II and co-stimulatory molecules expression, and enhanced CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses. Mechanistically, Viperin deficiency promoted DC activation and function through NF-κB p65 activation. NF-κB p65 inhibitor prevented cytokine and chemokine production, and co-stimulatory molecules expression promoted by Viperin deficiency. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that Mtb induced Viperin expression could impair the activation of host defense function of DCs and DC-T cell cross talk during Mtb infection. This research may provide a potential target for future HDT in TB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Hui Xu
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Qianna Li
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Honglin Liu
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Yingqi Huang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Yao Liang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Linmiao Lie
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Zhenyu Han
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Yaoxin Chen
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Yulan Huang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Wenle Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Qian Wen
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Chaoying Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Shengfeng Hu
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Li Ma
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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19
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Zhou Z, Ding S, Wang Y, Ren J, Zhang X, Li W, Zhang Q. Identification and characterization of Toll-like receptor 14d in Northeast Chinese lamprey ( Lethenteron morii). Front Immunol 2023; 14:1153628. [PMID: 37143659 PMCID: PMC10151648 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1153628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in innate immunity of defense against bacterial or viral pathogens. To study the biological characteristics and functions of the TLR genes, TLR14d was identified from Northeast Chinese lamprey (Lethenteron morii) and named LmTLR14d. LmTLR14d coding sequence (cds) is 3285 bp in length and encodes 1094 amino acids (aa). The results showed that LmTLR14d has the typical structure of TLR molecule, which contains the extracellular domain of leucine-rich repeats (LRR), transmembrane domain, and intracellular domain of Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR). The phylogenetic tree showed that LmTLR14d is a homologous gene of TLR14/18 in bony fish. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) revealed that LmTLR14d was expressed in various healthy tissues, including immune and non-immune tissues. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection up-regulated LmTLR14d in the supraneural body (SB), gill, and kidney tissues of infected Northeast Chinese lamprey. Immunofluorescence results showed that LmTLR14d was located in the cytoplasm of HEK 293T cells in clusters, and its subcellular localization was determined by the TIR domain. The immunoprecipitation results showed that LmTLR14d could recruit L.morii MyD88 (LmMyD88) but not L.morii TRIF (LmTRIF). Dual luciferase reporter results showed that LmTLR14d significantly enhanced the activity of L.morii NF-κβ (LmNF-κβ) promoter. Furthermore, co-transfection of LmTLR14d with MyD88 significantly enhanced the L.morii NF-κβ (LmNF-κβ) promoter activity. LmTLR14d can induce the expression of inflammatory cytokine genes il-6 and tnf-α downstream of NF-κB signal. This study suggested that LmTLR14d might play an important role in the innate immune signal transduction process of lamprey and revealed the origin and function of teleost-specific TLR14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoqing Ding
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaqian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Janfeng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weiming Li
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Qinghua Zhang,
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20
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Novototskaya-Vlasova KA, Neznanov NS, Molodtsov I, Hall BM, Commane M, Gleiberman AS, Murray J, Haber M, Norris MD, Leonova KI, Gudkov AV. Inflammatory response to retrotransposons drives tumor drug resistance that can be prevented by reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2213146119. [PMID: 36449545 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2213146119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of endogenous retrotransposons frequently occurs in cancer cells and contributes to tumor genomic instability. To test whether inhibition of retrotranspositions has an anticancer effect, we used treatment with the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) stavudine (STV) in mouse cancer models, MMTV-HER2/Neu and Th-MYCN, that spontaneously develop breast cancer and neuroblastoma, respectively. In both cases, STV in drinking water did not affect tumor incidence nor demonstrate direct antitumor effects. However, STV dramatically extended progression-free survival in both models following an initial complete response to chemotherapy. To approach the mechanism underlying this phenomenon, we analyzed the effect of NRTI on the selection of treatment-resistant variants in tumor cells in culture. Cultivation of mouse breast carcinoma 4T1 in the presence of STV dramatically reduced the frequency of cells capable of surviving treatment with anticancer drugs. Global transcriptome analysis demonstrated that the acquisition of drug resistance by 4T1 cells was accompanied by an increase in the constitutive activity of interferon type I and NF-κB pathways and an elevated expression of LINE-1 elements, which are known to induce inflammatory responses via their products of reverse transcription. Treatment with NRTI reduced NF-κB activity and reverted drug resistance. Furthermore, the inducible expression of LINE-1 stimulated inflammatory response and increased the frequency of drug-resistant variants in a tumor cell population. These results indicate a mechanism by which retrotransposon desilencing can stimulate tumor cell survival during treatment and suggest reverse transcriptase inhibition as a potential therapeutic approach for targeting the development of drug-resistant cancers.
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21
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Kershner LJ, Choi K, Wu J, Zhang X, Perrino M, Salomonis N, Shern JF, Ratner N. Multiple Nf1 Schwann cell populations reprogram the plexiform neurofibroma tumor microenvironment. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e154513. [PMID: 36134665 PMCID: PMC9675562 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.154513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To define alterations early in tumor formation, we studied nerve tumors in neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1), a tumor predisposition syndrome. Affected individuals develop neurofibromas, benign tumors driven by NF1 loss in Schwann cells (SCs). By comparing normal nerve cells to plexiform neurofibroma (PN) cells using single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing, we identified changes in 5 SC populations, including a de novo SC progenitor-like (SCP-like) population. Long after Nf1 loss, SC populations developed PN-specific expression of Dcn, Postn, and Cd74, with sustained expression of the injury response gene Postn and showed dramatic expansion of immune and stromal cell populations; in corresponding human PNs, the immune and stromal cells comprised 90% of cells. Comparisons between injury-related and tumor monocytes/macrophages support early monocyte recruitment and aberrant macrophage differentiation. Cross-species analysis verified each SC population and unique conserved patterns of predicted cell-cell communication in each SC population. This analysis identified PROS1-AXL, FGF-FGFR, and MIF-CD74 and its effector pathway NF-κB as deregulated in NF1 SC populations, including SCP-like cells predicted to influence other types of SCs, stromal cells, and/or immune cells in mouse and human. These findings highlight remarkable changes in multiple types of SCs and identify therapeutic targets for PN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah J. Kershner
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Kwangmin Choi
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jianqiang Wu
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Melissa Perrino
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Nathan Salomonis
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, and
- Departments of Pediatrics and Bioinformatics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jack F. Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nancy Ratner
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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22
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Ling Q, Wu S, Liao X, Liu C, Chen Y. Anesthetic propofol enhances cisplatin-sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer cells through N6-methyladenosine-dependently regulating the miR-486-5p/RAP1-NF-κB axis. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:765. [PMID: 35836137 PMCID: PMC9281112 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09848-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug resistance is a considerable challenge for chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Propofol, a commonly used intravenous anesthetics, has been reported to suppress the malignancy of various cancers. However, the effects of propofol on cisplatin (DDP) sensitivity in NSCLC and its molecular mechanisms have not been clearly clarified yet, and the present study aimed to resolve this problem. METHODS NSCLC cells were co-treated with propofol and DDP, Cell Counting kit-8 assay, colony formation assay and flow cytometry were conducted to test the role of propofol in regulating DDP-resistance in NSCLC. Next, through conducting quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, dual-luciferase gene reporter system and western blot, the responsible molecular axis in propofol regulating the DDP sensitivity in NSCLC was uncovered, and the function verification experiments were performed by transfection with the inhibitors or small interfering RNAs of those molecules. RESULTS Propofol suppressed cell viability, colony formation ability, tumorigenesis, and promoted cell apoptosis to enhance DDP-sensitivity in NSCLC in vitro and in vivo. Propofol increased miR-486-5p level in NSCLC cells and xenograft tumors tissues in a N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-dependent manner, thus inactivating the Ras-associated protein1 (RAP1)-NF-kappaB (NF-κB) axis. Propofol regulated the miR-486-5p/RAP1-NF-κB axis to improve DDP-sensitivity in NSCLC. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, this study firstly investigates the detailed molecular mechanisms by which propofol enhanced DDP-sensitivity in NSCLC cells, and a novel m6A-dependent miR-486-5p/RAP1-NF-κB axis is identified to be closely associated with the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Ling
- The First Department of Anesthesia, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, No.2, Sunwen East Road, Shiqi District, Zhongshan, 528400, China
| | - Shaoyong Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, cancer prevention and treatment center, Sun Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiaozu Liao
- The First Department of Anesthesia, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, No.2, Sunwen East Road, Shiqi District, Zhongshan, 528400, China
| | - Chiyi Liu
- The First Department of Anesthesia, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, No.2, Sunwen East Road, Shiqi District, Zhongshan, 528400, China
| | - Yong Chen
- The First Department of Anesthesia, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, No.2, Sunwen East Road, Shiqi District, Zhongshan, 528400, China.
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23
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Kircheis R, Planz O. Could a Lower Toll-like Receptor (TLR) and NF-κB Activation Due to a Changed Charge Distribution in the Spike Protein Be the Reason for the Lower Pathogenicity of Omicron? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115966. [PMID: 35682644 PMCID: PMC9180620 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant B.1.1.529, which emerged in late 2021, is currently active worldwide, replacing other variants, including the Delta variant, due to an enormously increased infectivity. Multiple substitutions and deletions in the N-terminal domain (NTD) and the receptor binding domain (RBD) in the spike protein collaborate with the observed increased infectivity and evasion from therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies after primary/secondary immunization. In contrast, although three mutations near the S1/S2 furin cleavage site were predicted to favor cleavage, observed cleavage efficacy is substantially lower than in the Delta variant and also lower compared to the wild-type virus correlating with significantly lower TMPRSS2-dependent replication in the lungs, and lower cellular syncytium formation. In contrast, the Omicron variant shows high TMPRSS2-independent replication in the upper airway organs, but lower pathogenicity in animal studies and clinics. Based on recent data, we present here a hypothesis proposing that the changed charge distribution in the Omicron’s spike protein could lead to lower activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in innate immune cells, resulting in lower NF-κB activation, furin expression, and viral replication in the lungs, and lower immune hyper-activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Kircheis
- Syntacoll GmbH, 93342 Saal an der Donau, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-151-167-90606
| | - Oliver Planz
- Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, Department of Immunology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
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24
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Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a critical subset of CD4 T cells that modulate the immune response to prevent autoimmunity and chronic inflammation. CARD11, a signaling hub and scaffold protein that links antigen receptor engagement to activation of NF-κB and other downstream signaling pathways, is essential for the development and function of thymic Tregs. Mouse models with deficiencies in CARD11 and CARD11-associated signaling components generally have Treg defects, but some mouse models develop overt autoimmunity and inflammatory disease whereas others do not. Inhibition of CARD11 signaling in Tregs within the tumor microenvironment can potentially promote anti-tumor immunity. In this review, we summarize evidence for the involvement of CARD11 signaling in Treg development and function and discuss key unanswered questions and future research opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Carter
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Joel L Pomerantz
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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25
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Yuan B, Clowers MJ, Velasco WV, Peng S, Peng Q, Shi Y, Ramos-Castaneda M, Zarghooni M, Yang S, Babcock RL, Chang SH, Heymach JV, Zhang J, Ostrin EJ, Watowich SS, Kadara H, Moghaddam SJ. Targeting IL-1β as an immune preventive and therapeutic modality for K-ras mutant lung cancer. JCI Insight 2022; 7:157788. [PMID: 35471938 PMCID: PMC9220853 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.157788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
K-ras–mutant lung adenocarcinoma (KM-LUAD) is associated with abysmal prognosis and is tightly linked to tumor-promoting inflammation. A human mAb, canakinumab, targeting the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β, significantly decreased the risk of lung cancer in the Canakinumab Anti-inflammatory Thrombosis Outcomes Study. Interestingly, we found high levels of IL-1β in the lungs of mice with K-rasG12D–mutant tumors (CC-LR mice). Here, we blocked IL-1β using an anti–IL-1β mAb in cohorts of 6- or 14-week-old CC-LR mice to explore its preventive and therapeutic effect, respectively. IL-1β blockade significantly reduced lung tumor burden, which was associated with reprogramming of the lung microenvironment toward an antitumor phenotype characterized by increased infiltration of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells (with high IFN-γ and granzyme B expression but low programmed cell death 1 [PD-1] expression) while suppressing neutrophils and polymorphonuclear (PMN) myeloid-derived suppressor cells. When querying the Cancer Genome Atlas data set, we found positive correlations between IL1B expression and infiltration of immunosuppressive PMNs and expression of their chemoattractant, CXCL1, and PDCD1 expressions in patients with KM-LUAD. Our data provide evidence that IL-1β blockade may be a preventive strategy for high-risk individuals and an alternative therapeutic approach in combination with currently available treatments for KM-LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yuan
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States of America
| | - Michael J Clowers
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States of America
| | - Walter V Velasco
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States of America
| | - Stephen Peng
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States of America
| | - Qian Peng
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States of America
| | - Yewen Shi
- Department of Head & Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States of America
| | - Marco Ramos-Castaneda
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States of America
| | - Melody Zarghooni
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States of America
| | - Shuanying Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rachel L Babcock
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States of America
| | - Seon Hee Chang
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States of America
| | - John V Heymach
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States of America
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States of America
| | - Edwin J Ostrin
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States of America
| | - Stephanie S Watowich
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States of America
| | - Humam Kadara
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States of America
| | - Seyed Javad Moghaddam
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States of America
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26
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Jones K, Ramirez-Perez S, Niu S, Gangishetti U, Drissi H, Bhattaram P. SOX4 and RELA Function as Transcriptional Partners to Regulate the Expression of TNF- Responsive Genes in Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:789349. [PMID: 35529852 PMCID: PMC9074688 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.789349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
SOX4 belongs to the group C of the SOX transcription factor family. It is a critical mediator of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF)-induced transformation of fibroblast-like s-ynoviocytes (FLS) in arthritis. In this study we investigated the genome wide association between the DNA binding and transcriptional activities of SOX4 and the NF-kappaB signaling transcription factor RELA/p65 downstream of TNF signaling. We used ChIP-seq assays in mouse FLS to compare the global DNA binding profiles of SOX4 and RELA. RNA-seq of TNF-induced wildtype and SoxC-knockout FLS was used to identify the SOX4-dependent and independent aspects of the TNF-regulated transcriptome. We found that SOX4 and RELA physically interact with each other on the chromatin. Interestingly, ChIP-seq assays revealed that 70.4% of SOX4 peak summits were within 50bp of the RELA peak summits suggesting that both proteins bind in close-proximity on regulatory sequences, enabling them to co-operatively regulate gene expression. By integrating the ChIP-seq results with RNA-seq from SoxC-knockout FLS we identified a set of TNF-responsive genes that are targets of the RELA-SOX4 transcriptional complex. These TNF-responsive and RELA-SOX4-depenedent genes included inflammation mediators, histone remodeling enzymes and components of the AP-1 signaling pathway. We also identified an autoregulatory mode of SoxC gene expression that involves a TNF-mediated switch from RELA binding to SOX4 binding in the 3' UTR of Sox4 and Sox11 genes. In conclusion, our results show that SOX4 and RELA together orchestrate a multimodal regulation of gene expression downstream of TNF signaling. Their interdependent activities play a pivotal role in the transformation of FLS in arthritis and in the inflammatory pathology of diverse tissues where RELA and SOX4 are co-expressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Jones
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Sergio Ramirez-Perez
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Sean Niu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Umesh Gangishetti
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Hicham Drissi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, United States
| | - Pallavi Bhattaram
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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27
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Gibson BHY, Wollenman CC, Moore-Lotridge SN, Keller PR, Summitt JB, Revenko AR, Flick MJ, Blackwell TS, Schoenecker JG. Plasmin drives burn-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome. JCI Insight 2021; 6:154439. [PMID: 34877937 PMCID: PMC8675186 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.154439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe injuries, such as burns, provoke a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) that imposes pathology on all organs. Simultaneously, severe injury also elicits activation of the fibrinolytic protease plasmin. While the principal adverse outcome of plasmin activation in severe injury is compromised hemostasis, plasmin also possesses proinflammatory properties. We hypothesized that, following a severe injury, early activation of plasmin drives SIRS. Plasmin activation was measured and related to injury severity, SIRS, coagulopathy, and outcomes prospectively in burn patients who are not at risk of hemorrhage. Patients exhibited early, significant activation of plasmin that correlated with burn severity, cytokines, coagulopathy, and death. Burn with a concomitant, remote muscle injury was employed in mice to determine the role of plasmin in the cytokine storm and inflammatory cascades in injured tissue distant from the burn injury. Genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of plasmin reduced the burn-induced cytokine storm and inflammatory signaling in injured tissue. These findings demonstrate (a) that severe injury-induced plasmin activation is a key pathologic component of the SIRS-driven cytokine storm and SIRS-activated inflammatory cascades in tissues distant from the inciting injury and (b) that targeted inhibition of plasmin activation may be effective for limiting both hemorrhage and tissue-damaging inflammation following injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Colby C Wollenman
- School of Medicine.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - Stephanie N Moore-Lotridge
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center.,Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology
| | | | - J Blair Summitt
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; and.,Vanderbilt University Medical Center Burn Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alexey R Revenko
- IONIS Pharmaceuticals Pulmonary and Oncology Drug Discovery, Carlsbad, California, USA
| | - Matthew J Flick
- Department of Pathology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,University of North Carolina Blood Research Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Timothy S Blackwell
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care
| | - Jonathan G Schoenecker
- Department of Pharmacology.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center.,Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology.,Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology; and.,Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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28
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Ghasemnejad-Berenji M. Can sulfasalazine as an old drug with immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects be effective in COVID-19? J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 33:113-115. [PMID: 34855313 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2021-0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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29
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Goodman WA, Basavarajappa SC, Liu AR, Rodriguez FDS, Mathes T, Ramakrishnan P. Sam68 contributes to intestinal inflammation in experimental and human colitis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:7635-7648. [PMID: 34693458 PMCID: PMC8817240 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03976-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Sam68 is an RNA-binding protein with an adaptor role in signal transduction. Our previous work identified critical proinflammatory and apoptotic functions for Sam68, downstream of the TNF/TNFR1 and TLR2/3/4 pathways. Recent studies have shown elevated Sam68 in inflamed tissues from rheumatoid arthritis and ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, suggesting that Sam68 contributes to chronic inflammatory diseases. Here, we hypothesized that deletion of Sam68 is protective against experimental colitis in vivo, via reductions in TNF-associated inflammatory signaling. We used Sam68 knockout (KO) mice to study the role of Sam68 in experimental colitis, including its contributions to TNF-induced inflammatory gene expression in three-dimensional intestinal organoid cultures. We also studied the expression of Sam68 and inflammatory genes in colon tissues of UC patients. Sam68 KO mice treated with an acute course of DSS exhibited significantly less weight loss and histopathological inflammation compared to wild-type controls, suggesting that Sam68 contributes to experimental colitis. Bone marrow transplants showed no pathologic role for hematopoietic cell-specific Sam68, suggesting that non-hematopoietic Sam68 drives intestinal inflammation. Gene expression analyses showed that Sam68 deficiency reduced the expression of proinflammatory genes in colon tissues from DSS-treated mice, as well as TNF-treated three-dimensional colonic organoids. We also found that inflammatory genes, such as TNF, CCR2, CSF2, IL33 and CXCL10, as well as Sam68 protein, were upregulated in inflamed colon tissues of UC patients. This report identifies Sam68 as an important inflammatory driver in response to intestinal epithelial damage, suggesting that targeting Sam68 may hold promise to treat UC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy A Goodman
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 2103 Cornell Road, Room 6526, Wolstein Research Building, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Shrikanth C Basavarajappa
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 2103 Cornell Road, Room 6526, Wolstein Research Building, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Angela R Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 2103 Cornell Road, Room 6526, Wolstein Research Building, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Franklin D Staback Rodriguez
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 2103 Cornell Road, Room 6526, Wolstein Research Building, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Tailor Mathes
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 2103 Cornell Road, Room 6526, Wolstein Research Building, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Parameswaran Ramakrishnan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 2103 Cornell Road, Room 6526, Wolstein Research Building, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
- The Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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30
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Kircheis R. Coagulopathies after Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 May Be Derived from a Combined Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Adenovirus Vector-Triggered Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10791. [PMID: 34639132 PMCID: PMC8509779 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in a global pandemic with worldwide 6-digit infection rates and thousands of death tolls daily. Enormous efforts are undertaken to achieve high coverage of immunization to reach herd immunity in order to stop the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Several SARS-CoV-2 vaccines based on mRNA, viral vectors, or inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus have been approved and are being applied worldwide. However, the recent increased numbers of normally very rare types of thromboses associated with thrombocytopenia have been reported, particularly in the context of the adenoviral vector vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 from Astra Zeneca. The statistical prevalence of these side effects seems to correlate with this particular vaccine type, i.e., adenoviral vector-based vaccines, but the exact molecular mechanisms are still not clear. The present review summarizes current data and hypotheses for molecular and cellular mechanisms into one integrated hypothesis indicating that coagulopathies, including thromboses, thrombocytopenia, and other related side effects, are correlated to an interplay of the two components in the vaccine, i.e., the spike antigen and the adenoviral vector, with the innate and immune systems, which under certain circumstances can imitate the picture of a limited COVID-19 pathological picture.
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31
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Song K, Cai X, Dong Y, Wu H, Wei Y, Shankavaram UT, Cui K, Lee Y, Zhu B, Bhattacharjee S, Wang B, Zhang K, Wen A, Wong S, Yu L, Xia L, Welm AL, Bielenberg DR, Camphausen KA, Kang Y, Chen H. Epsins 1 and 2 promote NEMO linear ubiquitination via LUBAC to drive breast cancer development. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:129374. [PMID: 32960814 DOI: 10.1172/jci129374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor-negative (ER-negative) breast cancer is thought to be more malignant and devastating than ER-positive breast cancer. ER-negative breast cancer exhibits elevated NF-κB activity, but how this abnormally high NF-κB activity is maintained is poorly understood. The importance of linear ubiquitination, which is generated by the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC), is increasingly appreciated in NF-κB signaling, which regulates cell activation and death. Here, we showed that epsin proteins, a family of ubiquitin-binding endocytic adaptors, interacted with LUBAC via its ubiquitin-interacting motif and bound LUBAC's bona fide substrate NEMO via its N-terminal homolog (ENTH) domain. Furthermore, epsins promoted NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO) linear ubiquitination and served as scaffolds for recruiting other components of the IκB kinase (IKK) complex, resulting in the heightened IKK activation and sustained NF-κB signaling essential for the development of ER-negative breast cancer. Heightened epsin levels in ER-negative human breast cancer are associated with poor relapse-free survival. We showed that transgenic and pharmacological approaches eliminating epsins potently impeded breast cancer development in both spontaneous and patient-derived xenograft breast cancer mouse models. Our findings established the pivotal role epsins played in promoting breast cancer. Thus, targeting epsins may represent a strategy to restrain NF-κB signaling and provide an important perspective into ER-negative breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Song
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Cai
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Yunzhou Dong
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hao Wu
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yong Wei
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.,Cancer Metabolism and Growth Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Uma T Shankavaram
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kui Cui
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yang Lee
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bo Zhu
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sudarshan Bhattacharjee
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Beibei Wang
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kun Zhang
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aiyun Wen
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Scott Wong
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lili Yu
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lijun Xia
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Alana L Welm
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Diane R Bielenberg
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kevin A Camphausen
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.,Cancer Metabolism and Growth Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Hong Chen
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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32
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Provance OK, Geanes ES, Lui AJ, Roy A, Holloran SM, Gunewardena S, Hagan CR, Weir S, Lewis-Wambi J. Disrupting interferon-alpha and NF-kappaB crosstalk suppresses IFITM1 expression attenuating triple-negative breast cancer progression. Cancer Lett 2021; 514:12-29. [PMID: 34022283 PMCID: PMC8221017 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of interferon induced transmembrane protein-1 (IFITM1) enhances tumor progression in multiple cancers, but its role in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is unknown. Here, we explore the functional significance and regulation of IFITM1 in TNBC and strategies to target its expression. Immunohistochemistry staining of a tissue microarray demonstrates that IFITM1 is overexpressed in TNBC samples which is confirmed by TCGA analysis. Targeting IFITM1 by siRNA or CRISPR/Cas9 in TNBC cell lines significantly inhibits proliferation, colony formation, and wound healing in vitro. Orthotopic mammary fat pad and mammary intraductal studies reveal that loss of IFITM1 reduces TNBC tumor growth and invasion in vivo. RNA-seq analysis of IFITM1/KO cells reveals significant downregulation of several genes involved in proliferation, migration, and invasion and functional studies identified NF-κB as an important downstream target of IFITM1. Notably, siRNA knockdown of p65 reduces IFITM1 expression and a drug-repurposing screen of FDA approved compounds identified parthenolide, an NFκB inhibitor, as a cytotoxic agent for TNBC and an inhibitor of IFITM1 in vitro and in vivo. Overall, our findings suggest that targeting IFITM1 by suppressing interferon-alpha/NFκB signaling represents a novel therapeutic strategy for TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia K Provance
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Eric S Geanes
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Asona J Lui
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Anuradha Roy
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA; High Throughput Screening Laboratory, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66049, USA
| | - Sean M Holloran
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Sumedha Gunewardena
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Christy R Hagan
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA; The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Scott Weir
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA; The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA; The Institute for Advancing Medical Innovation, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Joan Lewis-Wambi
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA; The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
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33
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Biancalana M, Natan E, Lenardo MJ, Fersht AR. NF-κB Rel subunit exchange on a physiological timescale. Protein Sci 2021; 30:1818-1832. [PMID: 34089216 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The Rel proteins of the NF-κB complex comprise one of the most investigated transcription factor families, forming a variety of hetero- or homodimers. Nevertheless, very little is known about the fundamental kinetics of NF-κB complex assembly, or the inter-conversion potential of dimerised Rel subunits. Here, we examined an unexplored aspect of NF-κB dynamics, focusing on the dissociation and reassociation of the canonical p50 and p65 Rel subunits and their ability to form new hetero- or homodimers. We employed a soluble expression system to enable the facile production of NF-κB Rel subunits, and verified these proteins display canonical NF-κB nucleic acid binding properties. Using a combination of biophysical techniques, we demonstrated that, at physiological temperatures, homodimeric Rel complexes routinely exchange subunits with a half-life of less than 10 min. In contrast, we found a dramatic preference for the formation of the p50/p65 heterodimer, which demonstrated a kinetic stability of at least an order of magnitude greater than either homodimer. These results suggest that specific DNA targets of either the p50 or p65 homodimers can only be targeted when these subunits are expressed exclusively, or with the intervention of additional post-translational modifications. Together, this work implies a new model of how cells can modulate NF-κB activity by fine-tuning the relative proportions of the p50 and p65 proteins, as well as their time of expression. This work thus provides a new quantitative interpretation of Rel dimer distribution in the cell, particularly for those who are developing mathematical models of NF-κB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Biancalana
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Michael J Lenardo
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alan R Fersht
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
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34
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Lu W, Meng Z, Hernandez R, Zhou C. Fibroblast-specific IKKβ deficiency ameliorates angiotensin II-induced adverse cardiac remodeling in mice. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e150161. [PMID: 34324438 PMCID: PMC8492299 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.150161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac inflammation and fibrosis contribute significantly to hypertension-related adverse cardiac remodeling. IκB kinase β (IKK-β), a central coordinator of inflammation through activation of NF-κB, has been demonstrated as a key molecular link between inflammation and cardiovascular disease. However, the cell-specific contribution of IKK-β signaling toward adverse cardiac remodeling remains elusive. Cardiac fibroblasts are one of the most populous nonmyocyte cell types in the heart that play a key role in mediating cardiac fibrosis and remodeling. To investigate the function of fibroblast IKK-β, we generated inducible fibroblast-specific IKK-β–deficient mice. Here, we report an important role of IKK-β in the regulation of fibroblast functions and cardiac remodeling. Fibroblast-specific IKK-β–deficient male mice were protected from angiotensin II–induced cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and macrophage infiltration. Ablation of fibroblast IKK-β inhibited angiotensin II–stimulated fibroblast proinflammatory and profibrogenic responses, leading to ameliorated cardiac remodeling and improved cardiac function in IKK-β–deficient mice. Findings from this study establish fibroblast IKK-β as a key factor regulating cardiac fibrosis and function in hypertension-related cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States of America
| | - Zhaojie Meng
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Hernandez
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, United States of America
| | - Changcheng Zhou
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, United States of America
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35
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Gilmore TD. NF-κB and Human Cancer: What Have We Learned over the Past 35 Years? Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080889. [PMID: 34440093 PMCID: PMC8389606 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor NF-κB has been extensively studied for its varied roles in cancer development since its initial characterization as a potent retroviral oncogene. It is now clear that NF-κB also plays a major role in a large variety of human cancers, including especially ones of immune cell origin. NF-κB is generally constitutively or aberrantly activated in human cancers where it is involved. These activations can occur due to mutations in the NF-κB transcription factors themselves, in upstream regulators of NF-κB, or in pathways that impact NF-κB. In addition, NF-κB can be activated by tumor-assisting processes such as inflammation, stromal effects, and genetic or epigenetic changes in chromatin. Aberrant NF-κB activity can affect many tumor-associated processes, including cell survival, cell cycle progression, inflammation, metastasis, angiogenesis, and regulatory T cell function. As such, inhibition of NF-κB has often been investigated as an anticancer strategy. Nevertheless, with a few exceptions, NF-κB inhibition has had limited success in human cancer treatment. This review covers general themes that have emerged regarding the biological roles and mechanisms by which NF-κB contributes to human cancers and new thoughts on how NF-κB may be targeted for cancer prognosis or therapy.
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36
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Wang X, Li X, Ong H, Tan T, Park KH, Bian Z, Zou X, Haggard E, Janssen PM, Merritt RE, Pawlik TM, Whitson BA, Mokadam NA, Cao L, Zhu H, Cai C, Ma J. MG53 suppresses NFκB activation to mitigate age-related heart failure. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e148375. [PMID: 34292883 PMCID: PMC8492351 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.148375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with chronic oxidative stress and inflammation that impact the tissue repair and regeneration capacity. MG53 is a TRIM family protein that facilitates repair of cell membrane injury in a redox-dependent manner. Here we demonstrate that the expression of MG53 is reduced in failing human heart and aging mouse heart, concomitant with elevated NFκB activation. We evaluate the safety and efficacy of longitudinal, systemic administration of recombinant human MG53 (rhMG53) protein in aged mice. Echocardiography and pressure-volume loop measurements reveal beneficial effects of rhMG53 treatment in improving heart function of aging mice. Biochemical and histological studies demonstrate the cardioprotective effects of rhMG53 are linked to suppression of NFκB-mediated inflammation, reducing apoptotic cell death and oxidative stress in the aged heart. Repetitive administrations of rhMG53 in aged mice do not have adverse effects on major vital organ functions. These findings support the therapeutic value of rhMG53 in treating age-related decline in cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Xiuchun Li
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Hannah Ong
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Tao Tan
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Ki Ho Park
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Zehua Bian
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Xunchang Zou
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Erin Haggard
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Paul M Janssen
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Robert E Merritt
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Bryan A Whitson
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Nahush A Mokadam
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Lei Cao
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Chuanxi Cai
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Jianjie Ma
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
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Pescatore A, Casale C, Fusco F, Ursini MV. Methods to Study the Effect of IKK Inhibition on TNF-Inducing Apoptosis and Necroptosis in Cultured Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2366:243-54. [PMID: 34236642 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1669-7_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
The engagement of TNF on TNFR can result in cell survival or cell death depending on the different complex formation downstream this interaction. Here we describe reagents and assay procedures that can be used to study caspase-independent cell death (necroptosis) in cultured cells, in response to pharmacological interventions with NF-kappaB and death inhibitors. We provide protocol to detect death-specific proteins using immunoblot and to dissect necrosome complex by sequential co-immunoprecipitation of death-specific components during necroptosis.
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38
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Liu H, Liu Y, Zhang X, Wang X. Current Study of RhoA and Associated Signaling Pathways in Gastric Cancer. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 15:607-613. [PMID: 32223738 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x15666200330143958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth-most common cancer in the world, with an estimated 1.034 million new cases in 2015, and the third-highest cause of cancer deaths, estimated at 785,558, in 2014. Early diagnosis and treatment greatly affect the survival rate in patients with GC: the 5-year survival rate of early GC reaches 90%-95%, while the mortality rate significantly increases if GC develops to the late stage. Recently, studies for the role of RhoA in the diseases have become a hot topic, especially in the development of tumors. A study found that RhoA can regulate actin polymerization, cell adhesion, motor-myosin, cell transformation, and the ability to participate in the activities of cell movement, proliferation, migration, which are closely related to the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. However, the specific role of RhoA in tumor cells remains to be studied. Therefore, our current study aimed to briefly review the role of RhoA in GC, especially for its associated signaling pathways involved in the GC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yiqian Liu
- Department of pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Xiaochuan Zhang
- Department of pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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39
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Kanan T, Kanan D, Al Shardoub EJ, Durdagi S. Transcription factor NF-κB as target for SARS-CoV-2 drug discovery efforts using inflammation-based QSAR screening model. J Mol Graph Model 2021; 108:107968. [PMID: 34311260 PMCID: PMC8219481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2021.107968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
NF-κB is a central regulator of immunity and inflammation. It is suggested that the inflammatory response mediated by SARS-CoV-2 is predominated by NF-κB activation. Thus, NF-κB inhibition is considered a potential therapeutic strategy for COVID-19. The aim of this study was to identify potential anti-inflammation lead molecules that target NF-κB using a quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) model of currently used and investigated anti-inflammatory drugs as the basis for screening. We applied an integrated approach by starting with the inflammation-based QSAR model to screen three libraries containing more than 220,000 drug-like molecules for the purpose of finding potential drugs that target the NF-κB/IκBα p50/p65 (RelA) complex. We also used QSAR models to rule out molecules that were predicted to be toxic. Among screening libraries, 382 molecules were selected as potentially nontoxic and were analyzed further by short and long molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and free energy calculations. We have discovered five hit ligands with highly predicted anti-inflammation activity and nearly no predicted toxicities which had strongly favorable protein-ligand interactions and conformational stability at the binding pocket compared to a known NF-κB inhibitor (procyanidin B2). We propose these hit molecules as potential NF-κB inhibitors which can be further investigated in pre-clinical studies against SARS-CoV-2 and may be used as a scaffold for chemical optimization and drug development efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Kanan
- School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey; Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Duaa Kanan
- School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey; Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Serdar Durdagi
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey; Neuroscience Program, Institute of Health Sciences, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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40
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Capece D, D’Andrea D, Begalli F, Goracci L, Tornatore L, Alexander JL, Di Veroli A, Leow SC, Vaiyapuri TS, Ellis JK, Verzella D, Bennett J, Savino L, Ma Y, McKenzie JS, Doria ML, Mason SE, Chng KR, Keun HC, Frost G, Tergaonkar V, Broniowska K, Stunkel W, Takats Z, Kinross JM, Cruciani G, Franzoso G. Enhanced triacylglycerol catabolism by carboxylesterase 1 promotes aggressive colorectal carcinoma. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:137845. [PMID: 33878036 PMCID: PMC8159693 DOI: 10.1172/jci137845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to adapt to low-nutrient microenvironments is essential for tumor cell survival and progression in solid cancers, such as colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Signaling by the NF-κB transcription factor pathway associates with advanced disease stages and shorter survival in patients with CRC. NF-κB has been shown to drive tumor-promoting inflammation, cancer cell survival, and intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) dedifferentiation in mouse models of CRC. However, whether NF-κB affects the metabolic adaptations that fuel aggressive disease in patients with CRC is unknown. Here, we identified carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) as an essential NF-κB-regulated lipase linking obesity-associated inflammation with fat metabolism and adaptation to energy stress in aggressive CRC. CES1 promoted CRC cell survival via cell-autonomous mechanisms that fuel fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and prevent the toxic build-up of triacylglycerols. We found that elevated CES1 expression correlated with worse outcomes in overweight patients with CRC. Accordingly, NF-κB drove CES1 expression in CRC consensus molecular subtype 4 (CMS4), which is associated with obesity, stemness, and inflammation. CES1 was also upregulated by gene amplifications of its transcriptional regulator HNF4A in CMS2 tumors, reinforcing its clinical relevance as a driver of CRC. This subtype-based distribution and unfavorable prognostic correlation distinguished CES1 from other intracellular triacylglycerol lipases and suggest CES1 could provide a route to treat aggressive CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Capece
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Daniel D’Andrea
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Federica Begalli
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Goracci
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Laura Tornatore
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James L. Alexander
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandra Di Veroli
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Shi-Chi Leow
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), and
| | - Thamil S. Vaiyapuri
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - James K. Ellis
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniela Verzella
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jason Bennett
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Luca Savino
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Yue Ma
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James S. McKenzie
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Luisa Doria
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sam E. Mason
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Hector C. Keun
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Frost
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vinay Tergaonkar
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | | | | | - Zoltan Takats
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James M. Kinross
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriele Cruciani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Guido Franzoso
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Jo YH, Lee JH, Patnaik BB, Keshavarz M, Lee YS, Han YS. Autophagy in Tenebrio molitor Immunity: Conserved Antimicrobial Functions in Insect Defenses. Front Immunol 2021; 12:667664. [PMID: 34135896 PMCID: PMC8202003 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.667664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The yellow mealworm beetle (Tenebrio molitor) has been exploited as an experimental model to unravel the intricacies of cellular and humoral immunity against pathogenic infections. Studies on this insect model have provided valuable insights into the phenotypic plasticity of immune defenses against parasites and pathogens. It has thus been possible to characterize the hemocoelic defenses of T. molitor that rely on the recognition of non-self-components of pathogens by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). The subsequent signaling cascade activating pathways such as the NF-κB controlled by Toll and IMD pathways lead to the synthesis of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), onset of hemocyte-driven phagocytosis, and activation of the prophenoloxidase cascade regulating the process of melanization. Nevertheless, the activation of autophagy-mediated defenses of T. molitor against the facultative intracellular gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes provides clear evidence of the existence of a cross-talk between autophagy and the IMD pathway. Moreover, the identification of several autophagy-related genes (Atgs) in T. molitor transcriptome and expressed sequence tag (EST) databases has contributed to the understanding of the autophagy-signaling cascade triggered by L. monocytogenes challenge. Providing further evidence of the cross-talk hypothesis, TmRelish has been shown to be required not only for regulating the synthesis of AMPs through the PGRP-LE/IMD pathway activation but also for the expression of Atgs in T. molitor larvae following L. monocytogenes challenge. Notably, L. monocytogenes can stimulate the T. molitor innate immune system by producing molecules recognized by the multifunctional PRR (TmPGRP-LE), which stimulates intracellular activation of the IMD pathway and autophagy. Considering the conservation of autophagy components involved in combating intracellular pathogens, it will be interesting to extrapolate a dynamic cross-talk model of immune activation. This review summarizes the most significant findings on the regulation of autophagy in T. molitor during L. monocytogenes infection and on the role of the innate immunity machinery, including the NF-κB pathway, in the control of pathogenic load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Hun Jo
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jung Hee Lee
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Bharat Bhusan Patnaik
- P. G. Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore, India
| | - Maryam Keshavarz
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology-Zoology, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan City, South Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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42
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Kwon DH, Kim GY, Cha HJ, Kim S, Kim HS, Hwang HJ, Choi YH. Nargenicin A1 attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory and oxidative response by blocking the NF-κB signaling pathway. EXCLI J 2021; 20:968-982. [PMID: 34267609 PMCID: PMC8278209 DOI: 10.17179/excli2021-3506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation caused by the excessive production of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines in abnormally activated macrophages promotes the initiation and progression of many diseases along with oxidative stress. Previous studies have suggested that nargenicin A1, an antibacterial macrolide isolated from Nocardia sp. may be a potential treatment for inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, but the detailed mechanisms are still not well studied. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of nargenicin A1 on inflammatory and oxidative stress in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and zebrafish (Danio rerio) models. Our results indicated that nargenicin A1 treatment significantly inhibited LPS-induced release of pro-inflammatory mediators including nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2, which was associated with decreased inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression. In addition, nargenicin A1 attenuated the LPS-induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1, reducing their extracellular secretion. Nargenicin A1 also suppressed LPS-induced generation of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, nargenicin A1 abolished the LPS-mediated nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and the degradation of inhibitor IκB-α, indicating that nargenicin A1 exhibited anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, nargenicin A1 showed strong protective effects against NO and ROS production in LPS-injected zebrafish larvae. In conclusion, our findings suggest that nargenicin A1 ameliorates LPS-induced anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects by downregulating the NF-κB signaling pathway, and that nargenicin A1 can be a potential functional agent to prevent inflammatory- and oxidative-mediated damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Hye Kwon
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jae Cha
- Department of Parasitology and Genetics, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhkmann Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Heui-Soo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Hwang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Nursing, Healthcare Sciences & Human Ecology, Dong-eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Faumont N, Taoui O, Collares D, Jais JP, Leroy K, Prévaud L, Jardin F, Molina TJ, Copie-Bergman C, Petit B, Gourin MP, Bordessoule D, Troutaud D, Baud V, Feuillard J. c-Rel Is the Pivotal NF-κB Subunit in Germinal Center Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A LYSA Study. Front Oncol 2021; 11:638897. [PMID: 33959502 PMCID: PMC8095348 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.638897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Relationships between c-Rel and GCB-DLBCLs remain unclear. We found that strong c-Rel DNA-binding activity was mostly found in GCBs on two independent series of 48 DLBCLs and 66 DLBCLs, the latter issued from the GHEDI series. c-Rel DNA-binding activity was associated with increased REL mRNA expression. Extending the study to the whole GHEDI and Lenz DLBCL published series of 202 and 233 cases, it was found that the c-Rel gene expression profile (GEP) overlapped partially (12%) but only with the GCB GEP and not with the GEP of ABC-DLBCLs. Cases with both overexpression of REL mRNA and c-Rel GEP were defined as those having a c-Rel signature. These cases were GCBs in 88 and 83% of the GHEDI or Lenz's DLBCL series respectively. The c-Rel signature was also associated with various recurrent GCB-DLBCL genetic events, including REL gains, BCL2 translocation, MEF2B, EZH2, CREBBP, and TNFRSF14 mutations and with the EZB GCB genetic subtype. By CGH array, the c-Rel signature was specifically correlated with 2p15-16.1 amplification that includes XPO1, BCL11A, and USP34 and with the 22q11.22 deletion that covers IGLL5 and PRAME. The total number of gene copy number aberrations, so-called genomic imbalance complexity, was decreased in cases with the c-Rel signature. These cases exhibited a better overall survival. Functionally, overexpression of c-Rel induced its constitutive nuclear localization and protected cells against apoptosis while its repression tended to increase cell death. These results show that, clinically and biologically, c-Rel is the pivotal NF-κB subunit in the GCB-DLBCL subgroup. Functionally, c-Rel overexpression could directly promote DLBCL tumorigenesis without need for further activation signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Faumont
- CNRS UMR-7276, INSERM U1262, CRIBL, University of Limoges, and Hematology Laboratory of Dupuytren Hospital University Center (CHU) of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Oussama Taoui
- CNRS UMR-7276, INSERM U1262, CRIBL, University of Limoges, and Hematology Laboratory of Dupuytren Hospital University Center (CHU) of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Davi Collares
- Université de Paris, NF-κappaB, Differentiation and Cancer, Paris, France
| | | | - Karen Leroy
- UMRS1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris Descartes University, CARPEM, Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Léa Prévaud
- CNRS UMR-7276, INSERM U1262, CRIBL, University of Limoges, and Hematology Laboratory of Dupuytren Hospital University Center (CHU) of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Fabrice Jardin
- Inserm U1245 and Department of Henri-Becquerel Hematology Center and Normandie Univ UNIROUEN, Rouen, France
| | - Thierry J Molina
- Université de Paris, NF-κappaB, Differentiation and Cancer, Paris, France.,Pathology Department, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | | | - Barbara Petit
- Pathology Department, CHU of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Gourin
- Regional Reference Structure of Limousin Lymphomas, Clinical Hematology Department, CHU of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Dominique Bordessoule
- CNRS UMR-7276, INSERM U1262, CRIBL, University of Limoges, and Hematology Laboratory of Dupuytren Hospital University Center (CHU) of Limoges, Limoges, France.,Regional Reference Structure of Limousin Lymphomas, Clinical Hematology Department, CHU of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | | | - Véronique Baud
- Université de Paris, NF-κappaB, Differentiation and Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Jean Feuillard
- CNRS UMR-7276, INSERM U1262, CRIBL, University of Limoges, and Hematology Laboratory of Dupuytren Hospital University Center (CHU) of Limoges, Limoges, France
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44
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Ngo KA, Kishimoto K, Davis-Turak J, Pimplaskar A, Cheng Z, Spreafico R, Chen EY, Tam A, Ghosh G, Mitchell S, Hoffmann A. Dissecting the Regulatory Strategies of NF-κB RelA Target Genes in the Inflammatory Response Reveals Differential Transactivation Logics. Cell Rep 2021; 30:2758-2775.e6. [PMID: 32101750 PMCID: PMC7061728 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.01.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) RelA is the potent transcriptional activator of inflammatory response genes. We stringently defined a list of direct RelA target genes by integrating physical (chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing [ChIP-seq]) and functional (RNA sequencing [RNA-seq] in knockouts) datasets. We then dissected each gene’s regulatory strategy by testing RelA variants in a primary-cell genetic-complementation assay. All endogenous target genes require RelA to make DNA-base-specific contacts, and none are activatable by the DNA binding domain alone. However, endogenous target genes differ widely in how they employ the two transactivation domains. Through model-aided analysis of the dynamic time-course data, we reveal the gene-specific synergy and redundancy of TA1 and TA2. Given that post-translational modifications control TA1 activity and intrinsic affinity for coactivators determines TA2 activity, the differential TA logics suggests context-dependent versus context-independent control of endogenous RelA-target genes. Although some inflammatory initiators appear to require co-stimulatory TA1 activation, inflammatory resolvers are a part of the NF-κB RelA core response. Ngo et al. developed a genetic complementation system for NF-κB RelA that reveals that NF-κB target-gene selection requires high-affinity RelA binding and transcriptional activation domains for gene induction. The synergistic and redundant functions of two transactivation domains define pro-inflammatory and inflammation-response genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim A Ngo
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG), Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QCB), Molecular Biology Institute (MBI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kensei Kishimoto
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG), Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QCB), Molecular Biology Institute (MBI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jeremy Davis-Turak
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG), Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QCB), Molecular Biology Institute (MBI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Aditya Pimplaskar
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG), Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QCB), Molecular Biology Institute (MBI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zhang Cheng
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG), Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QCB), Molecular Biology Institute (MBI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Roberto Spreafico
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG), Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QCB), Molecular Biology Institute (MBI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Emily Y Chen
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG), Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QCB), Molecular Biology Institute (MBI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Amy Tam
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG), Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QCB), Molecular Biology Institute (MBI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Gourisankar Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Simon Mitchell
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG), Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QCB), Molecular Biology Institute (MBI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG), Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QCB), Molecular Biology Institute (MBI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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45
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Zallocchi M, Hati S, Xu Z, Hausman W, Liu H, He DZ, Zuo J. Characterization of quinoxaline derivatives for protection against iatrogenically induced hearing loss. JCI Insight 2021; 6:141561. [PMID: 33476306 PMCID: PMC8021103 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.141561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hair cell loss is the leading cause of hearing and balance disorders in humans. It can be caused by many factors, including noise, aging, and therapeutic agents. Previous studies have shown the therapeutic potential of quinoxaline against drug-induced ototoxicity. Here, we screened a library of 68 quinoxaline derivatives for protection against aminoglycoside-induced damage of hair cells from the zebrafish lateral line. We identified quinoxaline-5-carboxylic acid (Qx28) as the best quinoxaline derivative that provides robust protection against both aminoglycosides and cisplatin in zebrafish and mouse cochlear explants. FM1-43 and aminoglycoside uptake, as well as antibiotic efficacy studies, revealed that Qx28 is neither blocking the mechanotransduction channels nor interfering with aminoglycoside antibacterial activity, suggesting that it may be protecting the hair cells by directly counteracting the ototoxin’s mechanism of action. Only when animals were incubated with higher doses of Qx28 did we observe a partial blockage of the mechanotransduction channels. Finally, we assessed the regulation of the NF-κB pathway in vitro in mouse embryonic fibroblasts and in vivo in zebrafish larvae. Those studies showed that Qx28 protects hair cells by blocking NF-κB canonical pathway activation. Thus, Qx28 is a promising and versatile otoprotectant that can act across different species and toxins.
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Abstract
The emergence of immunotherapies has definitely proven the tight relationship between malignant and immune cells, its impact on cancer outcome and its therapeutic potential. In this context, it is undoubtedly critical to decipher the transcriptional regulation of these complex interactions. Following early observations demonstrating the roles of NF-κB in cancer initiation and progression, a series of studies converge to establish NF-κB as a master regulator of immune responses to cancer. Importantly, NF-κB is a family of transcriptional activators and repressors that can act at different stages of cancer immunity. In this review, we provide an overview of the selective cell-intrinsic contributions of NF-κB to the distinct cell types that compose the tumor immune environment. We also propose a new view of NF-κB targeting drugs as a new class of immunotherapies for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yenkel Grinberg-Bleyer
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France; (G.L.); (J.T.)
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47
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Dodhiawala PB, Khurana N, Zhang D, Cheng Y, Li L, Wei Q, Seehra K, Jiang H, Grierson PM, Wang-Gillam A, Lim KH. TPL2 enforces RAS-induced inflammatory signaling and is activated by point mutations. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:4771-4790. [PMID: 32573499 DOI: 10.1172/jci137660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-κB transcription factors, driven by the IRAK/IKK cascade, confer treatment resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a cancer characterized by near-universal KRAS mutation. Through reverse-phase protein array and RNA sequencing we discovered that IRAK4 also contributes substantially to MAPK activation in KRAS-mutant PDAC. IRAK4 ablation completely blocked RAS-induced transformation of human and murine cells. Mechanistically, expression of mutant KRAS stimulated an inflammatory, autocrine IL-1β signaling loop that activated IRAK4 and the MAPK pathway. Downstream of IRAK4, we uncovered TPL2 (also known as MAP3K8 or COT) as the essential kinase that propels both MAPK and NF-κB cascades. Inhibition of TPL2 blocked both MAPK and NF-κB signaling, and suppressed KRAS-mutant cell growth. To counter chemotherapy-induced genotoxic stress, PDAC cells upregulated TLR9, which activated prosurvival IRAK4/TPL2 signaling. Accordingly, a TPL2 inhibitor synergized with chemotherapy to curb PDAC growth in vivo. Finally, from TCGA we characterized 2 MAP3K8 point mutations that hyperactivate MAPK and NF-κB cascades by impeding TPL2 protein degradation. Cancer cell lines naturally harboring these MAP3K8 mutations are strikingly sensitive to TPL2 inhibition, underscoring the need to identify these potentially targetable mutations in patients. Overall, our study establishes TPL2 as a promising therapeutic target in RAS- and MAP3K8-mutant cancers and strongly prompts development of TPL2 inhibitors for preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paarth B Dodhiawala
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, and.,Alvin J. Siteman Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Namrata Khurana
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, and.,Alvin J. Siteman Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Daoxiang Zhang
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, and.,Alvin J. Siteman Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yi Cheng
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, and.,Alvin J. Siteman Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Lin Li
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, and.,Alvin J. Siteman Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Qing Wei
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, and.,Alvin J. Siteman Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuljeet Seehra
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, and.,Alvin J. Siteman Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Hongmei Jiang
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, and.,Alvin J. Siteman Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Patrick M Grierson
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, and.,Alvin J. Siteman Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Andrea Wang-Gillam
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, and.,Alvin J. Siteman Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kian-Huat Lim
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, and.,Alvin J. Siteman Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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48
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Kober-Hasslacher M, Oh-Strauß H, Kumar D, Soberon V, Diehl C, Lech M, Engleitner T, Katab E, Fernández-Sáiz V, Piontek G, Li H, Menze B, Ziegenhain C, Enard W, Rad R, Böttcher JP, Anders HJ, Rudelius M, Schmidt-Supprian M. c-Rel gain in B cells drives germinal center reactions and autoantibody production. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:3270-3286. [PMID: 32191641 DOI: 10.1172/jci124382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms and locus amplification link the NF-κB transcription factor c-Rel to human autoimmune diseases and B cell lymphomas, respectively. However, the functional consequences of enhanced c-Rel levels remain enigmatic. Here, we overexpressed c-Rel specifically in mouse B cells from BAC-transgenic gene loci and demonstrate that c-Rel protein levels linearly dictated expansion of germinal center B (GCB) cells and isotype-switched plasma cells. c-Rel expression in B cells of otherwise c-Rel-deficient mice fully rescued terminal B cell differentiation, underscoring its critical B cell-intrinsic roles. Unexpectedly, in GCB cells transcription-independent regulation produced the highest c-Rel protein levels among B cell subsets. In c-Rel-overexpressing GCB cells this caused enhanced nuclear translocation, a profoundly altered transcriptional program, and increased proliferation. Finally, we provide a link between c-Rel gain and autoimmunity by showing that c-Rel overexpression in B cells caused autoantibody production and renal immune complex deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Kober-Hasslacher
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Hyunju Oh-Strauß
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dilip Kumar
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Valeria Soberon
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Carina Diehl
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maciej Lech
- Renal Division, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Engleitner
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics and
| | - Eslam Katab
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Medicine III, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Vanesa Fernández-Sáiz
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Medicine III, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Guido Piontek
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Hongwei Li
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Björn Menze
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Ziegenhain
- Anthropology and Human Genomics, Department of Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Enard
- Anthropology and Human Genomics, Department of Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics and
| | - Jan P Böttcher
- Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Renal Division, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Rudelius
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Marc Schmidt-Supprian
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.,Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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49
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de Jesus TJ, Tomalka JA, Centore JT, Staback Rodriguez FD, Agarwal RA, Liu AR, Kern TS, Ramakrishnan P. Negative regulation of FOXP3 expression by c-Rel O-GlcNAcylation. Glycobiology 2021; 31:812-826. [PMID: 33442719 PMCID: PMC8351495 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwab001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a reversible post-translational protein modification that regulates fundamental cellular processes including immune responses and autoimmunity. Previously, we showed that hyperglycemia increases O-GlcNAcylation of the transcription factor, nuclear factor kappaB c-Rel at serine residue 350 and enhances the transcription of the c-Rel-dependent proautoimmune cytokines interleukin-2, interferon gamma and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor in T cells. c-Rel also plays a critical role in the transcriptional regulation of forkhead box P3 (FOXP3)-the master transcription factor that governs development and function of Treg cells. Here we show that the regulatory effect of c-Rel O-GlcNAcylation is gene-dependent, and in contrast to its role in enhancing the expression of proautoimmune cytokines, it suppresses the expression of FOXP3. Hyperglycemia-induced O-GlcNAcylation-dependent suppression of FOXP3 expression was found in vivo in two mouse models of autoimmune diabetes; streptozotocin-induced diabetes and spontaneous diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice. Mechanistically, we show that both hyperglycemia-induced and chemically enhanced cellular O-GlcNAcylation decreases c-Rel binding at the FOXP3 promoter and negatively regulates FOXP3 expression. Mutation of the O-GlcNAcylation site in c-Rel, (serine 350 to alanine), augments T cell receptor-induced FOXP3 expression and resists the O-GlcNAcylation-dependent repression of FOXP3 expression. This study reveals c-Rel S350 O-GlcNAcylation as a novel molecular mechanism inversely regulating immunosuppressive FOXP3 expression and proautoimmune gene expression in autoimmune diabetes with potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan J de Jesus
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 2103 Cornell Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Tomalka
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 2103 Cornell Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Joshua T Centore
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 2103 Cornell Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Franklin D Staback Rodriguez
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 2103 Cornell Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Ruchira A Agarwal
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 2103 Cornell Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Angela R Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 2103 Cornell Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Timothy S Kern
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, 850 Health Sciences Road Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Parameswaran Ramakrishnan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 2103 Cornell Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 2103 Cornell Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,The Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 2103 Cornell Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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50
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Chen W, Cen S, Zhou X, Yang T, Wu K, Zou L, Luo J, Li C, Lv D, Mao X. Circular RNA CircNOLC1, Upregulated by NF-KappaB, Promotes the Progression of Prostate Cancer via miR-647/PAQR4 Axis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:624764. [PMID: 33490086 PMCID: PMC7820754 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.624764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background CircRNAs recently have shown critical roles in tumor biology. However, their roles in prostate cancer (PCa) remains largely unclear. Methods CircRNA microarrays were performed in immortal prostate cell line RWPE1 and PCa cell lines as DU145, PC3, LNCaP, C4-2, and 22RV1. Combined with upregulated circRNAs in PCa tissues, circNOLC1 expression was validated in PCa cells and tissues via qRT-PCR and FISH. Sanger sequencing, actinomycin D, gDNA, and cDNA, RNase R assays were used to assess the circular characteristics of circNOLC1. CCK-8, colony formation, transwell migration assays, and mice xenograft models were conducted to evaluate the functions of PCa cells after circNOLC1 knockdown and overexpression. RNA pulldown, luciferase reporter assay, FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization), and CHIP were utilized to illustrate the further mechanisms of circNOLC1. Results Our research indicated that circNOLC1 was overexpressed in PCa cells and tissues, and circNOLC1 was more stable than linear NOLC1 mRNA. CircNOLC1 promoted PCa cells proliferation and migration in vitro and vivo. Additionally, we found that circNOLC1 could upregulate PAQR4 expression by sponging miR-647, leading to the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway. Moreover, NF-kappaB was identified to bind to the NOLC1 promoter sites and upregulated both NOLC1 and circNOLC1 expression. Conclusion CircNOLC1, elevated by transcription factor NF-kappaB, promotes PCa progression via a miR-647/PAQR4 axis, and circNOLC1 is a potential biomarker and target for PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengren Cen
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xumin Zhou
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Taowei Yang
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaihui Wu
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Libin Zou
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junqi Luo
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanyin Li
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daojun Lv
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangming Mao
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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