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Ghufran H, Azam M, Mehmood A, Umair M, Baig MT, Tasneem S, Butt H, Riazuddin S. Adipose Tissue and Umbilical Cord Tissue: Potential Sources of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Liver Fibrosis Treatment. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101364. [PMID: 38449506 PMCID: PMC10912848 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.101364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are potential alternatives for liver fibrosis treatment; however, their optimal sources remain uncertain. This study compares the ex-vivo expansion characteristics of MSCs obtained from adipose tissue (AT) and umbilical cord (UC) and assesses their therapeutic potential for liver fibrosis treatment. Methods Since MSCs from early to mid-passage numbers (P2-P6) are preferable for cellular therapy, we investigated the growth kinetics of AT-MSCs and UC-MSCs up to P6 and evaluated their therapeutic effects in a rat model of liver fibrosis induced by diethylnitrosamine. Results Results from the expansion studies demonstrated that both cell types exhibited bona fide characteristics of MSCs, including surface antigens, pluripotent gene expression, and differentiation potential. However, AT-MSCs demonstrated a shorter doubling time (58.2 ± 7.3 vs. 82.3 ± 4.3 h; P < 0.01) and a higher population doubling level (10.1 ± 0.7 vs. 8.2 ± 0.3; P < 0.01) compared to UC-MSCs, resulting in more cellular yield (230 ± 9.0 vs. 175 ± 13.2 million) in less time. Animal studies demonstrated that both MSC types significantly reduced liver fibrosis (P < 0.05 vs. the control group) while also improving liver function and downregulating fibrosis-associated gene expression. Conclusion AT-MSCs and UC-MSCs effectively reduce liver fibrosis. However, adipose cultures display an advantage by yielding a higher number of MSCs in a shorter duration, rendering them a viable choice for scenarios requiring immediate single-dose administration, often encountered in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Ghufran
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Azam
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Azra Mehmood
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umair
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Maria T. Baig
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saba Tasneem
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hira Butt
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sheikh Riazuddin
- Jinnah Burn and Reconstructive Surgery Centre, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
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Lindborg SR, Goyal NA, Katz J, Burford M, Li J, Kaspi H, Abramov N, Boulanger B, Berry JD, Nicholson K, Mozaffar T, Miller R, Jenkins L, Baloh RH, Lewis R, Staff NP, Owegi MA, Dagher B, Blondheim-Shraga NR, Gothelf Y, Levy YS, Kern R, Aricha R, Windebank AJ, Bowser R, Brown RH, Cudkowicz ME. Debamestrocel multimodal effects on biomarker pathways in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are linked to clinical outcomes. Muscle Nerve 2024; 69:719-729. [PMID: 38593477 DOI: 10.1002/mus.28093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/AIMS Biomarkers have shown promise in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) research, but the quest for reliable biomarkers remains active. This study evaluates the effect of debamestrocel on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, an exploratory endpoint. METHODS A total of 196 participants randomly received debamestrocel or placebo. Seven CSF samples were to be collected from all participants. Forty-five biomarkers were analyzed in the overall study and by two subgroups characterized by the ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R). A prespecified model was employed to predict clinical outcomes leveraging biomarkers and disease characteristics. Causal inference was used to analyze relationships between neurofilament light chain (NfL) and ALSFRS-R. RESULTS We observed significant changes with debamestrocel in 64% of the biomarkers studied, spanning pathways implicated in ALS pathology (63% neuroinflammation, 50% neurodegeneration, and 89% neuroprotection). Biomarker changes with debamestrocel show biological activity in trial participants, including those with advanced ALS. CSF biomarkers were predictive of clinical outcomes in debamestrocel-treated participants (baseline NfL, baseline latency-associated peptide/transforming growth factor beta1 [LAP/TGFβ1], change galectin-1, all p < .01), with baseline NfL and LAP/TGFβ1 remaining (p < .05) when disease characteristics (p < .005) were incorporated. Change from baseline to the last measurement showed debamestrocel-driven reductions in NfL were associated with less decline in ALSFRS-R. Debamestrocel significantly reduced NfL from baseline compared with placebo (11% vs. 1.6%, p = .037). DISCUSSION Following debamestrocel treatment, many biomarkers showed increases (anti-inflammatory/neuroprotective) or decreases (inflammatory/neurodegenerative) suggesting a possible treatment effect. Neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective biomarkers were predictive of clinical response, suggesting a potential multimodal mechanism of action. These results offer preliminary insights that need to be confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Namita A Goyal
- UCI Health ALS & Neuromuscular Center, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Jonathan Katz
- Sutter Pacific Medical Foundation, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Matthew Burford
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jenny Li
- Brainstorm Cell Therapeutics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - Bruno Boulanger
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, PharmaLex, Mont-Saint-Guibert, Belgium
| | - James D Berry
- Healey & AMG Center, Mass General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katharine Nicholson
- Healey & AMG Center, Mass General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tahseen Mozaffar
- UCI Health ALS & Neuromuscular Center, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Robert Miller
- Sutter Pacific Medical Foundation, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Liberty Jenkins
- Sutter Pacific Medical Foundation, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Robert H Baloh
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Richard Lewis
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nathan P Staff
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Margaret Ayo Owegi
- Neurology Department, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bob Dagher
- Brainstorm Cell Therapeutics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - Yossef S Levy
- Manufacturing, Brainstorm Cell Therapeutics, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ralph Kern
- Brainstorm Cell Therapeutics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Anthony J Windebank
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Robert Bowser
- Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Robert H Brown
- Neurology Department, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Merit E Cudkowicz
- Healey & AMG Center, Mass General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Beckenkamp LR, da Silva CG, Von Hohendorff MLI, Ogliari KS. Manufacturing Parameters for the Creation of Clinical-Grade Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines From Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2024; 13:454-461. [PMID: 38402590 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szae010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are reprogrammed cells with a remarkable capacity for unlimited expansion and differentiation into various cell types. Companies worldwide are actively engaged in developing clinical-grade iPSC lines to address the needs of regenerative medicine, immunotherapies, and precision medicine. However, ensuring the safety and quality of iPSCs is essential, with adherence to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and ethical considerations being paramount. Perinatal cell and tissue banks, such as umbilical cord (UC) blood and tissue banks, are emerging as ideal sources for generating iPSCs due to their unique characteristics and GMP compliance. These banks provide access to immature cells with limited environmental exposure, known family and medical histories of donors, and readily available resources, thereby reducing the time and cost associated with personalized treatment strategies. This study describes the establishment of the first clinical-grade iPSC lines from umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells in Brazil. The process involved rigorous quality control measures, safety assessments, and adherence to regulatory standards, resulting in iPSCs with the necessary characteristics for clinical use, including sterility, genomic integrity, and stability. Importantly, the study contributes to the development of a Current Good Manufacturing Practice-compliant iPSC production pipeline in Brazil, using commercially available, chemically defined, and xeno-free products, along with validation by national outsourced laboratories, thereby facilitating the adoption of this technology within the country. The study emphasizes Brazil's contribution to the progress of translational medicine and the promotion of scientific advancements within the field of regenerative and precision medicine.
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de Oliveira AT, Braga ARF, Miranda JRF, Fantinato-Neto P, Ambrósio CE. Mesenchymal stem cells in animal reproduction: sources, uses and scenario. Braz J Vet Med 2024; 46:e002524. [PMID: 38737577 PMCID: PMC11087005 DOI: 10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm002524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies regarding mesenchymal stem cells turned up in the 1960's and this cell type created a great number of questions about its functions and applicability in science and medicine. When used with therapeutic intent, these cells present an inclination to migrate to sites of injury, inflammation or disease, where they secrete bioactive factors that stimulates the synthesis of new tissue. In this context, studies using rodents reported that MSCs promoted positive effects in the ovarian function in mice with premature aging of follicular reserve. In female bovines, experimental stem cell-based therapies have been used to either generate new oocytes with in vitro quality or stimulate such action in vivo. It is also reported, that the intraovarian application of mesenchymal stem cells generates a greater production of embryos in vitro and the production of early and expanded blastocysts. Additionally, analysis of ovarian tissue in animal subjected to treatment showed an increase in the number of developing follicles. Nevertheless, the treatments involving stem cells with different modes of application, different sources and different species were able to act on the hormonal, tissue, cellular and metabolic levels, generating positive results in the recovery and improvement of ovarian functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Takeshita de Oliveira
- Undergraduate in Veterinary Medicine, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos (FZEA), Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
| | - Antonio Rodrigues Ferreira Braga
- Undergraduate in Veterinary Medicine, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos (FZEA), Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
| | - José Ricardo Fonseca Miranda
- Undergraduate in Veterinary Medicine, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos (FZEA), Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Fantinato-Neto
- Veterinarian, DSc., Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociência Animal, FZEA, USP, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Ambrósio
- Veterinarian, DSc., Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, FZEA, USP, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
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Horan A, Warreth S, Hervig T, Waters A. The expanding role of blood and tissue establishments in the development of advanced therapy medicinal products. Cytotherapy 2024; 26:524-530. [PMID: 38441513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2024.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS The relationship between blood establishments and advanced cellular therapies is evident in several European countries, with some involved in research and development and/or in manufacturing. The aim of the present study was to understand the advanced therapy medicinal product (ATMP) infrastructural, regulatory and logistic requirements needed for the Irish Blood Transfusion Service to support advanced therapeutics in Ireland. METHODS An online survey consisting of 13 questions was distributed in a targeted manner to the identified ATMP stakeholders in Ireland, namely those working in industry, health care, regulatory agencies or education. Subject matter experts in the field were approached and interviewed to gain further insight into the relationship between blood and tissue establishments (BTEs) and ATMPs, to explore the advantages these institutions have in development and to highlight potential challenges for implementation. RESULTS In total, 84.9% of survey respondents stated that BTEs have a role in the development of advanced therapeutics. Key BTE services identified as applicable to the ATMP sector from both surveys and interviews include the provision of starting materials for research and manufacturing, donor management, use of existing quality and traceability frameworks, product logistic strategies and Good Manufacturing Practice. Challenges for BTE expansion into the sector currently include high costs associated with ATMPs, lack of expertise in these therapies, limited therapeutic populations and no national ATMP strategic plan for Ireland. CONCLUSIONS Blood establishments have services and expertise that can be extended into the advanced therapy sector. The existing knowledge and skill base of BTEs in Ireland should be leveraged to accelerate the development of ATMP strategies for industry and healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisling Horan
- Irish Blood Transfusion Service, National Blood Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shada Warreth
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training (NIBRT), Co., Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tor Hervig
- Irish Blood Transfusion Service, National Blood Centre, Dublin, Ireland; School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Allison Waters
- Irish Blood Transfusion Service, National Blood Centre, Dublin, Ireland; UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Social Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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Siemionow M, Chambily L, Cwykiel J. Biodistribution and Safety of Human Multi-Chimeric Cells After Systemic Intraosseous and Intravenous Administration in the Experimental Mouse Model. Stem Cells Dev 2024; 33:214-227. [PMID: 38445374 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2024.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular therapies provide promising options for inducing tolerance in transplantation of solid organs, bone marrow, and vascularized composite allografts. However, novel tolerance-inducing protocols remain limited, despite extensive research. We previously introduced and characterized a human multi-chimeric cell (HMCC) line, created through ex vivo fusion of human umbilical cord blood (UCB) cells derived from three unrelated donors. In this study, we assessed in vivo biodistribution and safety of HMCCs in the NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ NOD scid gamma (NSG) mouse model. Twenty-four NSG mice were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 6/group) and received intraosseous (IO.) or intravenous (IV.) injections of 0.6 × 106 donor UCB cells or fused HMCC: Group 1-UCB (IO.), Group 2-UCB (IV.), Group 3-HMCC (IO.), and Group 4-HMCC (IV.). Hematopoietic phenotype maintenance and presence of human leukocyte antigens (HLA), class I antigens, in the selected lymphoid and nonlymphoid organs were assessed by flow cytometry. Weekly evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessed HMCC safety. Comparative analysis of delivery routes revealed significant differences in HLA class I percentages for IO.: 1.83% ± 0.79%, versus IV. delivery: 0.04% ± 0.01%, P < 0.01, and hematopoietic stem cell marker percentages of CD3 (IO.: 1.41% ± 0.04%, vs. IV.: 0.07% ± 0.01%, P < 0.05) and CD4 (IO.: 2.74% ± 0.31%, vs. IV.: 0.59% ± 0.11%, P < 0.01). Biodistribution analysis after IO. delivery confirmed HMCC presence in lymphoid organs and negligible presence in nonlymphoid organs, except for lung (IO.: 0.19% ± 0.06%, vs. IV.: 6.33% ± 0.56%, P < 0.0001). No evidence of tumorigenesis was observed by MRI at 90 days following IO. and IV. administration of HMCC. This study confirmed biodistribution and safety of HMCC therapy in the NSG mouse model, both following IO. and IV. administration. However, IO. delivery route confirmed higher efficacy of engraftment and safety profile, introducing HMCCs as a novel cell-based therapeutic approach with promising clinical applications in solid organ, bone marrow, and vascularized composite allotransplantation transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Siemionow
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Chair and Department of Traumatology, Orthopaedics, and Surgery of the Hand, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Lucile Chambily
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Joanna Cwykiel
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Lee AY, Reed JH. Highlight of 2023: CAR T cells driving precision therapy for autoimmune disease. Immunol Cell Biol 2024. [PMID: 38693765 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
CAR T cell therapy is showing remarkable results in autoimmune disease with treatment-refractory patients showing durable drug-free remission. Here, we highlight five key papers from 2023 that are driving the development of CAR T cells to improve precision, safety, efficacy and accessibility for the treatment of autoantibody-associated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Ys Lee
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research and Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
- Department of Immunology, Westmead Hospital and Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Joanne H Reed
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research and Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
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Iwatake M, Nagamura-Inoue T, Doi R, Tanoue Y, Ishii M, Yukawa H, Matsumoto K, Tomoshige K, Nagayasu T, Tsuchiya T. Designer umbilical cord-stem cells induce alveolar wall regeneration in pulmonary disease models. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1384718. [PMID: 38745668 PMCID: PMC11091323 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1384718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Researchers are focusing on cellular therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), with human bone marrow-derived MSCs (hBM-MSCs) leading the way. However, BM-MSCs may not be as optimal as therapeutic cells owing to their low growth potential, invasive harvesting, and high expression of aging-related genes with poor differentiation potential. Consequently, umbilical cord-derived MSCs (hUC-MSCs), which have many excellent features as allogeneic heterologous stem cells, have received considerable attention. Allogeneic and heterologous hUC-MSCs appear to be promising owing to their excellent therapeutic properties. However, MSCs cannot remain in the lungs for long periods after intravenous infusion. Objective To develop designer hUC-MSCs (dUC-MSCs), which are novel therapeutic cells with modified cell-adhesion properties, to aid COPD treatment. Methods dUC-MSCs were cultured on type-I collagen gels and laminin 411, which are extracellular matrices. Mouse models of elastase-induced COPD were treated with hUC-MSCs. Biochemical analysis of the lungs of treated and control animals was performed. Results Increased efficiency of vascular induction was found with dUC-MSCs transplanted into COPD mouse models compared with that observed with transplanted hUC-MSCs cultured on plates. The transplanted dUC-MSCs inhibited apoptosis by downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokine production, enhancing adhesion of the extracellular matrix to alveolar tissue via integrin β1, promoting the polarity of M2 macrophages, and contributing to the repair of collapsed alveolar walls by forming smooth muscle fibers. dUC-MSCs inhibited osteoclastogenesis in COPD-induced osteoporosis. hUC-MSCs are a promising cell source and have many advantages over BM-MSCs and adipose tissue-derived MSCs. Conclusion We developed novel designer cells that may be involved in anti-inflammatory, homeostatic, injury repair, and disease resistance processes. dUC-MSCs repair and regenerate the alveolar wall by enhancing adhesion to the damaged site. Therefore, they can contribute to the treatment of COPD and systemic diseases such as osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Iwatake
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tokiko Nagamura-Inoue
- Department of Cell Processing and Transfusion, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoichiro Doi
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yukinori Tanoue
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Ishii
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yukawa
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsumoto
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Cell Processing and Transfusion, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Tomoshige
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagayasu
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomoshi Tsuchiya
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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Abstract
The field of melanoma therapeutics is moving quickly with the first approval of adoptive cell transfer in solid tumors. Moreover, individualized neoantigen therapies, PRAME‐targeting strategies, oncolytic viruses, and more are rapidly emerging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adnan Khattak
- Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jason J Luke
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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10
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Maldonado VV, Pokharel S, Powell JG, Samsonraj RM. Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of Bovine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1292. [PMID: 38731296 PMCID: PMC11083126 DOI: 10.3390/ani14091292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are increasingly trialed in cellular therapy applications in humans. They can also be applied to treat a range of diseases in animals, particularly in cattle to combat inflammatory conditions and aging-associated degenerative disorders. We sought to demonstrate the feasibility of obtaining MSCs from adipose tissue and characterizing them using established assays. METHODS Bovine adipose MSCs (BvAdMSCs) were isolated using in-house optimized tissue digestion protocols and characterized by performing a colony formation assay, cell growth assessments, cell surface marker analysis by immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation, and secretion of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenease (IDO). RESULTS Our results demonstrate the feasibility of successful MSC isolation and culture expansion from bovine adipose tissues with characteristic features of colony formation, in vitro multilineage differentiation into osteogenic and adipogenic lineages, and cell surface marker expression of CD105, CD73, CD90, CD44, and CD166 with negative expression of CD45. BvAdMSCs secreted significant amounts of IDO with or without interferon-gamma stimulation, indicating ability for immunomodulation. CONCLUSIONS We report a viable approach to obtaining autologous adipose-derived MSCs that can be applied as potential adjuvant cell therapy for tissue repair and regeneration in cattle. Our methodology can be utilized by veterinary cell therapy labs for preparing MSCs for disease management in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitali V. Maldonado
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (V.V.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Sriya Pokharel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (V.V.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Jeremy G. Powell
- Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
| | - Rebekah M. Samsonraj
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (V.V.M.); (S.P.)
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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11
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Hickey JW, Agmon E, Horowitz N, Tan TK, Lamore M, Sunwoo JB, Covert MW, Nolan GP. Integrating multiplexed imaging and multiscale modeling identifies tumor phenotype conversion as a critical component of therapeutic T cell efficacy. Cell Syst 2024; 15:322-338.e5. [PMID: 38636457 PMCID: PMC11030795 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Cancer progression is a complex process involving interactions that unfold across molecular, cellular, and tissue scales. These multiscale interactions have been difficult to measure and to simulate. Here, we integrated CODEX multiplexed tissue imaging with multiscale modeling software to model key action points that influence the outcome of T cell therapies with cancer. The initial phenotype of therapeutic T cells influences the ability of T cells to convert tumor cells to an inflammatory, anti-proliferative phenotype. This T cell phenotype could be preserved by structural reprogramming to facilitate continual tumor phenotype conversion and killing. One takeaway is that controlling the rate of cancer phenotype conversion is critical for control of tumor growth. The results suggest new design criteria and patient selection metrics for T cell therapies, call for a rethinking of T cell therapeutic implementation, and provide a foundation for synergistically integrating multiplexed imaging data with multiscale modeling of the cancer-immune interface. A record of this paper's transparent peer review process is included in the supplemental information.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Hickey
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Eran Agmon
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Center for Cell Analysis and Modeling, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Nina Horowitz
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tze-Kai Tan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew Lamore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - John B Sunwoo
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford Cancer Institute Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Markus W Covert
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Garry P Nolan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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12
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Nguyen TD, Chooi WH, Jeon H, Chen J, Tan J, Roxby DN, Lee CYP, Ng SY, Chew SY, Han J. Label-Free and High-Throughput Removal of Residual Undifferentiated Cells From iPSC-Derived Spinal Cord Progenitor Cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2024; 13:387-398. [PMID: 38321361 PMCID: PMC11016845 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szae002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The transplantation of spinal cord progenitor cells (SCPCs) derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has beneficial effects in treating spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the presence of residual undifferentiated iPSCs among their differentiated progeny poses a high risk as these cells can develop teratomas or other types of tumors post-transplantation. Despite the need to remove these residual undifferentiated iPSCs, no specific surface markers can identify them for subsequent removal. By profiling the size of SCPCs after a 10-day differentiation process, we found that the large-sized group contains significantly more cells expressing pluripotent markers. In this study, we used a sized-based, label-free separation using an inertial microfluidic-based device to remove tumor-risk cells. The device can reduce the number of undifferentiated cells from an SCPC population with high throughput (ie, >3 million cells/minute) without affecting cell viability and functions. The sorted cells were verified with immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry analysis, and colony culture assay. We demonstrated the capabilities of our technology to reduce the percentage of OCT4-positive cells. Our technology has great potential for the "downstream processing" of cell manufacturing workflow, ensuring better quality and safety of transplanted cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Dai Nguyen
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing of Personalized Medicine IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wai Hon Chooi
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hyungkook Jeon
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Manufacturing Systems and Design Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
| | - Jiahui Chen
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jerome Tan
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing of Personalized Medicine IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- NTU Institute for Health Technologies, Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel N Roxby
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing of Personalized Medicine IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheryl Yi-Pin Lee
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shi-Yan Ng
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sing Yian Chew
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing of Personalized Medicine IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jongyoon Han
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing of Personalized Medicine IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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13
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Li XT, Li ZL, Li PL, Wang FY, Zhang XY, Wang YX, Zhao ZD, Yin BF, Hao RC, Mao N, Xia WR, Ding L, Zhu H. TNFAIP3 Derived from Skeletal Stem Cells Alleviated Rat Osteoarthritis by Inhibiting the Necroptosis of Subchondral Osteoblasts. Stem Cells 2024; 42:360-373. [PMID: 38153253 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Recent investigations have shown that the necroptosis of tissue cells in joints is important in the development of osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of exogenous skeletal stem cells (SSCs) on the necroptosis of subchondral osteoblasts in OA. Human SSCs and subchondral osteoblasts isolated from human tibia plateaus were used for Western blotting, real-time PCR, RNA sequencing, gene editing, and necroptosis detection assays. In addition, the rat anterior cruciate ligament transection OA model was used to evaluate the effects of SSCs on osteoblast necroptosis in vivo. The micro-CT and pathological data showed that intra-articular injections of SSCs significantly improved the microarchitecture of subchondral trabecular bones in OA rats. Additionally, SSCs inhibited the necroptosis of subchondral osteoblasts in OA rats and necroptotic cell models. The results of bulk RNA sequencing of SSCs stimulated or not by tumor necrosis factor α suggested a correlation of SSCs-derived tumor necrosis factor α-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3) and cell necroptosis. Furthermore, TNFAIP3-derived from SSCs contributed to the inhibition of the subchondral osteoblast necroptosis in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the intra-articular injections of TNFAIP3-overexpressing SSCs further improved the subchondral trabecular bone remodeling of OA rats. Thus, we report that TNFAIP3 from SSCs contributed to the suppression of the subchondral osteoblast necroptosis, which suggests that necroptotic subchondral osteoblasts in joints may be possible targets to treat OA by stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tong Li
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Ling Li
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Lin Li
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei-Yan Wang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Basic Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yu Zhang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xing Wang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Dong Zhao
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo-Feng Yin
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Cong Hao
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Basic Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Mao
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Rong Xia
- The Academy of Military Medical Sciences, PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Ding
- Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Zhu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Basic Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, People's Republic of China
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14
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Tesch RDS, Takamori ER, Menezes K, Carias RBV, Rebelatto CLK, Senegaglia AC, Daga DR, Fracaro L, Robert AW, Pinheiro CBR, Aguiar MDF, Blanco PJ, Zilves EG, Brofman PRS, Borojevic R. Nasal septum-derived chondroprogenitor cells control mandibular condylar resorption consequent to orthognathic surgery: a clinical trial. Stem Cells Transl Med 2024:szae026. [PMID: 38606986 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szae026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Condylar resorption is an aggressive and disability form of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) degenerative disease, usually non-respondent to conservative or minimally invasive therapies and often leading to surgical intervention and prostheses implantation. This condition is also one of the most dreaded postoperative complications of orthognathic surgery, with severe cartilage erosion and loss of subchondral bone volume and mineral density, associated with a painful or not inflammatory processes. Because regenerative medicine has emerged as an alternative for orthopedic cases with advanced degenerative joint disease, we conducted a phase I/IIa clinical trial (U1111-1194-6997) to evaluate the safety and efficacy of autologous nasal septal chondroprogenitor cells. Ten participants underwent biopsy of the nasal septum cartilage during their orthognathic surgery. The harvested cells were cultured in vitro and analyzed for viability, presence of phenotype markers for mesenchymal stem and/or chondroprogenitor cells, and the potential to differentiate into chondrocytes, adipocytes, and osteoblasts. After the intra-articular injection of the cell therapy, clinical follow-up was performed using the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) and computed tomography (CT) images. No serious adverse events related to the cell therapy injection were observed during the 12-month follow-up period. It was found that autologous chondroprogenitors reduced arthralgia, promoted stabilization of mandibular function and condylar volume, and regeneration of condylar tissues. This study demonstrates that chondroprogenitor cells from the nasal septum may be a promise strategy for the treatment of temporomandibular degenerative joint disease that do not respond to other conservative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo de Souza Tesch
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Petrópolis Medical School/ UNIFASE, Avenida Barão do Rio Branco 1003, Centro, Petrópolis, RJ 25680-120, Brazil
| | - Esther Rieko Takamori
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Petrópolis Medical School/ UNIFASE, Avenida Barão do Rio Branco 1003, Centro, Petrópolis, RJ 25680-120, Brazil
| | - Karla Menezes
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Ave. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Sala B1-011, Cidade Universitária, Ilha Do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Rosana Bizon Vieira Carias
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Petrópolis Medical School/ UNIFASE, Avenida Barão do Rio Branco 1003, Centro, Petrópolis, RJ 25680-120, Brazil
| | - Carmen Lucia Kuniyoshi Rebelatto
- Core for Cell Technology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Prado Velho, Curitiba, PR 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Cristina Senegaglia
- Core for Cell Technology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Prado Velho, Curitiba, PR 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Debora Regina Daga
- Core for Cell Technology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Prado Velho, Curitiba, PR 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Leticia Fracaro
- Core for Cell Technology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Prado Velho, Curitiba, PR 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Anny Waloski Robert
- Stem Cells Basic Biology Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Institute - FIOCRUZ/PR, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba, PR, 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Carlos Bruno Reis Pinheiro
- Postgraduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-013, Brazil
| | - Marcelo de Freitas Aguiar
- Department of Specific Formation, School of Dentistry, Health Institute of Nova Friburgo, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Dr. Silvio Henrique Braune, 22, Nova Friburgo, RJ, 28625-650, Brazil
| | - Pablo Javier Blanco
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Models, National Laboratory for Scientific Computing, Avenida Getúlio Vargas, 333, Petrópolis, RJ, 25651-075, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Guerreiro Zilves
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Models, National Laboratory for Scientific Computing, Avenida Getúlio Vargas, 333, Petrópolis, RJ, 25651-075, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Slud Brofman
- Core for Cell Technology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Prado Velho, Curitiba, PR 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Radovan Borojevic
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Petrópolis Medical School/ UNIFASE, Avenida Barão do Rio Branco 1003, Centro, Petrópolis, RJ 25680-120, Brazil
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Gilsenan M, Van Der Linde S, Hill G, Lambros B. Review of advanced practice nurse role in infection throughout the hematopoietic stem cell transplant journey. Transpl Infect Dis 2024; 26:e14268. [PMID: 38477039 DOI: 10.1111/tid.14268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged periods of immunosuppression during hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) can result in serious infectious complications and contribute to transplant-related morbidity and mortality. Adherence to standardized pre and postinfection screening guidelines, prescribed medications, and early identification of infectious symptoms through comprehensive patient and family education are crucial to minimizing infectious complications. Advanced practice nurses (APNs) are key members of the multidisciplinary care team in the HSCT specialty, maintaining a specialized skillset and scope of practice which includes a holistic based, preventative medicine and risk mitigation approach. METHODS This review sought to describe the role of the APN in HSCT care and to further examine existing APN led models of care which focus on infection prevention and education throughout the HSCT treatment journey. RESULTS No studies specifically examined the APN role in infectious diseases risk assessment, screening, and management throughout the HSCT journey were identified throughout our review, however, there was considerable evidence to demonstrate the benefits of APN led care in the oncology and solid organ transplantation specialty which led to improvements in continuity of care, overall patient outcomes, and multidisciplinary team collaboration. The key themes identified in our review, were the role of the APN in the delivery of comprehensive patient and family education, the role of the APN in supporting, mentoring, and educating junior medical and nursing teams, the collaboration between the APN and the multidisciplinary care team, and the role of the APN in prompt recognition, triage, and management of treatment related complications, such as infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddie Gilsenan
- Children's Cancer Centre, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sam Van Der Linde
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Geoff Hill
- Health Sciences Library, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Belinda Lambros
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- NHMRC National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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16
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Jafarzadeh A, Motaghi M, Patra SK, Jafarzadeh Z, Nemati M, Saha B. Neutrophil generation from hematopoietic progenitor cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs): potential applications. Cytotherapy 2024:S1465-3249(24)00577-2. [PMID: 38625068 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2024.03.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most frequent immune cell type in peripheral blood, performing an essential role against pathogens. People with neutrophil deficiencies are susceptible to deadly infections, highlighting the importance of generating these cells in host immunity. Neutrophils can be generated from hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) using a cocktail of cytokines. In addition, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be differentiated into various functional cell types, including neutrophils. iPSCs can be derived from differentiated cells, such as skin and blood cells, by reprogramming them to a pluripotent state. Neutrophil generation from iPSCs involves a multistep process that can be performed through feeder cell-dependent and feeder cell-independent manners. Various cytokines and growth factors, in particular, stem cell facto, IL-3, thrombopoietin and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), are used in both methods, especially, G-CSF which induces the final differentiation of neutrophils in the granulocyte lineage. iPSC-derived neutrophils have been used as a valuable tool for studying rare genetic disorders affecting neutrophils. The iPSC-derived neutrophils can also be used for disease modeling, infection research and drug discovery. However, several challenges must be overcome before iPSC-derived neutrophils can be used therapeutically in transplantation medicine. This review provides an overview of the commonly employed protocols for generating neutrophils from HPCs, ESCs and iPSCs and discusses the potential applications of the generated cells in research and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Applied Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Clinical Immunology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Marzieh Motaghi
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Jafarzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Bhaskar Saha
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
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17
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Yuan M, Wang W, Hawes I, Han J, Yao Z, Bertaina A. Advancements in γδT cell engineering: paving the way for enhanced cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1360237. [PMID: 38576617 PMCID: PMC10991697 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1360237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Comprising only 1-10% of the circulating T cell population, γδT cells play a pivotal role in cancer immunotherapy due to their unique amalgamation of innate and adaptive immune features. These cells can secrete cytokines, including interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and can directly eliminate tumor cells through mechanisms like Fas/FasL and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). Unlike conventional αβT cells, γδT cells can target a wide variety of cancer cells independently of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) presentation and function as antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Their ability of recognizing antigens in a non-MHC restricted manner makes them an ideal candidate for allogeneic immunotherapy. Additionally, γδT cells exhibit specific tissue tropism, and rapid responsiveness upon reaching cellular targets, indicating a high level of cellular precision and adaptability. Despite these capabilities, the therapeutic potential of γδT cells has been hindered by some limitations, including their restricted abundance, unsatisfactory expansion, limited persistence, and complex biology and plasticity. To address these issues, gene-engineering strategies like the use of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T therapy, T cell receptor (TCR) gene transfer, and the combination with γδT cell engagers are being explored. This review will outline the progress in various engineering strategies, discuss their implications and challenges that lie ahead, and the future directions for engineered γδT cells in both monotherapy and combination immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenjun Wang
- *Correspondence: Wenjun Wang, ; Alice Bertaina,
| | | | | | | | - Alice Bertaina
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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18
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Maurer K, Antin JH. The graft versus leukemia effect: donor lymphocyte infusions and cellular therapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1328858. [PMID: 38558819 PMCID: PMC10978651 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1328858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a potentially curative therapy for many hematologic malignancies as well as non-malignant conditions. Part of the curative basis underlying HSCT for hematologic malignancies relies upon induction of the graft versus leukemia (GVL) effect in which donor immune cells recognize and eliminate residual malignant cells within the recipient, thereby maintaining remission. GVL is a clinically evident phenomenon; however, specific cell types responsible for inducing this effect and molecular mechanisms involved remain largely undefined. One of the best examples of GVL is observed after donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI), an established therapy for relapsed disease or incipient/anticipated relapse. DLI involves infusion of peripheral blood lymphocytes from the original HSCT donor into the recipient. Sustained remission can be observed in 20-80% of patients treated with DLI depending upon the underlying disease and the intrinsic burden of targeted cells. In this review, we will discuss current knowledge about mechanisms of GVL after DLI, experimental strategies for augmenting GVL by manipulation of DLI (e.g. neoantigen vaccination, specific cell type selection/depletion) and research outlook for improving DLI and cellular immunotherapies for hematologic malignancies through better molecular definition of the GVL effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph H. Antin
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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19
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Tran MH, Tajonera E. Peripheral blood stem cell collection: Are midline catheters a viable alternative to central venous catheters? Transfusion 2024; 64:424-427. [PMID: 38240488 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular access is a rate-limiting step for peripheral blood stem cell collection. In the absence of readily accessible superficial veins, placement of tunnelled or non-tunnelled central venous catheters (CVCs) is common. These invasive access routes create medical risks for patients and are associated with logistical challenges, thus prompting a search for alternatives. One such option is the off-label use of midline catheters. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We carried out a literature search for published experience with the use of midline catheters for peripheral blood stem cell collection. Data extracted included whether collections were allogeneic or autologous, donor sex, age and weight, inlet flow rate, total blood volumes (TBV) processed, collection duration, number of collections per donor, and achievement of collection targets. RESULTS The search produced three reports (one in abstract form) comprising 19 patients and 26 collection events. Donor sex and status were provided for 18 patients; 10 were female, 8 were male, 12 were allogeneic, and 6 autologous. Median (range) for: donor age was 28 (12-59); donor body weight (kg) was 77.5 (45.4-113.4); inlet flow rate (in mL/min) was 66 (28-80); TBV processed (in mL) was 15,880 (6178-21,871); collection duration (in hours) was 5.0 (3.2-7.0); and CD34 × 106/kg collection yield was 5.9 (3.6-23.0). Target CD34 yields were achieved in 14/19 (74%) of donors with 7/19 (37%) requiring two collections days. DISCUSSION Peripheral blood stem cell collection does appear to be viable via midline-based catheter access, particularly for allogeneic donors and shorter collection courses. Development of institution-specific guidelines and care pathways are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh-Ha Tran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Eduardo Tajonera
- University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California, USA
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20
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Cunningham AL, Micklethwaite K. A new way of identifying viral pathogens reactivating in cellular therapy products. Immunol Cell Biol 2024; 102:153-155. [PMID: 38238927 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
In this article, we discuss a recently published article that demonstrated a novel way of identifying viral pathogens reactivating in human cells to be used as cellular therapy, in this instance chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. The authors used search engines and databases to identify viruses able to reactivate in T cells and then tested this initially in T-cell cultures, specifically human herpesvirus 6. This virus was then shown to reactivate infrequently in vitro and in vivo in CAR T cells as a consequence of T-cell activation. The methodology may be most clinically useful for more frequently reactivating viruses in other types of cellular therapy such as allogenic CAR T cells or induced pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony L Cunningham
- Centres for Virus Research and Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Kenneth Micklethwaite
- Centres for Virus Research and Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
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21
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Nimgaonkar I, Yoke LH, Roychoudhury P, Flaherty PW, Oshima MU, Weixler A, Gauthier J, Greninger AL, Mielcarek M, Boeckh M, Liu C, Hill JA. Outcomes in Hematopoietic Cell Transplant and Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy Recipients with Pre- Cellular Therapy SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Clin Infect Dis 2024:ciae116. [PMID: 38427848 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciae116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) or chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy recipients have high morbidity from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. There are limited data on outcomes from SARS-CoV-2 infection shortly before cellular therapy and uncertainty whether to delay therapy. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection within 90 days prior to HCT or CAR-T therapy between January 2020 and November 2022. We characterized the kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 detection, clinical outcomes following cellular therapy, and impact on delays in cellular therapy. RESULTS We identified 37 patients (n=15 allogeneic HCT, n=11 autologous HCT, n=11 CAR-T therapy) with SARS-CoV-2 infections within 90 days of cellular therapy. Most infections (73%) occurred between March and November 2022, when Omicron strains were prevalent. Most patients had asymptomatic (27%) or mild (68%) coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 positivity lasted a median of 20.0 days [IQR, 12.5-26.25]. The median time from first positive SARS-CoV-2 test to cellular therapy was 45 days [IQR, 37.75-70]; one patient tested positive on the day of infusion. After cellular therapy, no patients had recrudescent SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19-related complications. Cellular therapy delays related to SARS-CoV-2 infection occurred in 70% of patients for a median of 37 days. Delays were more common after allogeneic (73%) and autologous (91%) HCT compared to CAR-T cell therapy (45%). CONCLUSIONS Patients with asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 may not require prolonged delays in cellular therapy in the context of contemporary circulating variants and availability of antiviral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ila Nimgaonkar
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Leah H Yoke
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Pavitra Roychoudhury
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Patrick W Flaherty
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Masumi Ueda Oshima
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Amelia Weixler
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jordan Gauthier
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Alexander L Greninger
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Marco Mielcarek
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Michael Boeckh
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Catherine Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Joshua A Hill
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
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22
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Chak PT, Kam NW, Choi TH, Dai W, Kwong DLW. Unfolding the Complexity of Exosome-Cellular Interactions on Tumour Immunity and Their Clinical Prospects in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:919. [PMID: 38473281 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial malignancy situated in the posterolateral nasopharynx. NPC poses grave concerns in Southeast Asia due to its late diagnosis. Together with resistance to standard treatment combining chemo- and radiotherapy, NPC presents high metastatic rates and common recurrence. Despite advancements in immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and cytotoxic-T-lymphocytes (CTLs)-based cellular therapy, the exhaustive T cell profile and other signs of immunosuppression within the NPC tumour microenvironment (TME) remain as concerns to immunotherapy response. Exosomes, extracellular vesicles of 30-150 nm in diameter, are increasingly studied and linked to tumourigenesis in oncology. These bilipid-membrane-bound vesicles are packaged with a variety of signalling molecules, mediating cell-cell communications. Within the TME, exosomes can originate from tumour, immune, or stromal cells. Although there are studies on tumour-derived exosomes (TEX) in NPC and their effects on tumour processes like angiogenesis, metastasis, therapeutic resistance, there is a lack of research on their involvement in immune evasion. In this review, we aim to enhance the comprehension of how NPC TEX contribute to cellular immunosuppression. Furthermore, considering the detectability of TEX in bodily fluids, we will also discuss the potential development of TEX-related biomarkers for liquid biopsy in NPC as this could facilitate early diagnosis and prognostication of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paak-Ting Chak
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Centre of Cancer Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ngar-Woon Kam
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Centre of Cancer Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Tsz-Ho Choi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Centre of Cancer Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Centre of Cancer Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Clinical Oncology Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, China
| | - Dora Lai-Wan Kwong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Centre of Cancer Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Clinical Oncology Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, China
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23
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Iribarne A, Palma MB, Andrini L, Riccillo F, Rodriguez D, Casella M, Garay F, Zabala JS, Mazza L, Muro A, Buero G, Miriuka SG, Carosella E, García MN. Therapeutic Potential in Wound Healing of Allogeneic Use of Equine Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2350. [PMID: 38397024 PMCID: PMC10889822 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Wound healing after skin injury is a complex process, particularly in equines where leg wounds are prevalent and their repair is complicated due to the anatomical characteristics. Conventional treatments are not effective enough. The umbilical cord offers an unlimited source of adult mesenchymal stem cells (ucMSCs) from Wharton's jelly tissue. The present study aims to demonstrate the safety and therapeutic potential of the allogeneic use of equine ucMSCs (e-ucMSCs) in the healing of severe equine leg wounds. The methods employed were the isolation, culture and expansion of e-ucMSCs. Flow cytometry and a PCR assay were used for cell characterization. This study included an immunomodulation assay, a murine pre-clinical trial and the first phase of an equine clinical trial. Our results showed that e-ucMSCs express a functional HLA-G homolog, EQMHCB2. In the immunomodulation assay, the e-ucMSCs inhibited the proliferation of activated equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (e-PBMCs). In the murine pre-clinical trial, e-ucMSCs reduced healing time by 50%. In the equine clinical trial, the injection of e-ucMSCs into severe leg lesions improved the closure time and quality of the tissues involved, regenerating them without fibrous tissue scar formation. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that e-ucMSCs can be used allogeneically for wound healing by creating a tolerogenic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailén Iribarne
- Cátedra de Citología, Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires CP 1900, Argentina; (A.I.); (M.B.P.); (L.A.); (F.R.)
| | - María Belén Palma
- Cátedra de Citología, Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires CP 1900, Argentina; (A.I.); (M.B.P.); (L.A.); (F.R.)
- Instituto de Neurociencias (INEU), Fundación para la Lucha contra Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (FLENI-CONICET) Escobar, Buenos Aires CP B1625, Argentina;
| | - Laura Andrini
- Cátedra de Citología, Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires CP 1900, Argentina; (A.I.); (M.B.P.); (L.A.); (F.R.)
| | - Fernando Riccillo
- Cátedra de Citología, Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires CP 1900, Argentina; (A.I.); (M.B.P.); (L.A.); (F.R.)
| | - Delfina Rodriguez
- Centro de Reproducción Equina La Adela, Chascomús, Buenos Aires CP 7130, Argentina
| | - Martín Casella
- División Remonta Haras La Teruca, Buenos Aires B1900, Argentina
| | - Felipe Garay
- División Remonta Haras La Teruca, Buenos Aires B1900, Argentina
- Dirección Veterinaria, Policía de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires B1904, Argentina
| | - Julieta Spoto Zabala
- División Remonta Haras La Teruca, Buenos Aires B1900, Argentina
- Dirección Veterinaria, Policía de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires B1904, Argentina
| | - Leandro Mazza
- Cátedra de Anatomía B, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires CP 1900, Argentina;
| | - Adriana Muro
- Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos Veterinarios, La Plata, Buenos Aires CP 1900, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Buero
- Sanatorio Mater Dei, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires CP C1425, Argentina;
| | - Santiago G. Miriuka
- Instituto de Neurociencias (INEU), Fundación para la Lucha contra Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (FLENI-CONICET) Escobar, Buenos Aires CP B1625, Argentina;
| | - Edgardo Carosella
- Commissariat a l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Service de Recherche en Hemato-Immunologie (SRHI), Saint-Louis Hospital, 75010 Paris, France;
- Hopital Saint-Louis, IUH, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Marcela N. García
- Cátedra de Citología, Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires CP 1900, Argentina; (A.I.); (M.B.P.); (L.A.); (F.R.)
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24
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Laskowitz DT, Troy J, Poehlein E, Bennett ER, Shpall EJ, Wingard JR, Freed B, Belagaje SR, Khanna A, Jones W, Volpi JJ, Marrotte E, Kurtzberg J. A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase II Trial of Intravenous Allogeneic Non-HLA Matched, Unrelated Donor, Cord Blood Infusion for Ischemic Stroke. Stem Cells Transl Med 2024; 13:125-136. [PMID: 38071749 PMCID: PMC10872695 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szad080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability in the US, and time-limited reperfusion strategies remain the only approved treatment options. To address this unmet clinical need, we conducted a phase II randomized clinical trial to determine whether intravenous infusion of banked, non-HLA matched unrelated donor umbilical cord blood (UCB) improved functional outcome after stroke. Participants were randomized 2:1 to UCB or placebo within strata of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Score (NIHSS) and study center. Study product was infused 3-10 days following index stroke. The primary endpoint was change in modified Rankin Scale (mRS) from baseline to day 90. Key secondary outcomes included functional independence, NIHSS, the Barthel Index, and assessment of adverse events. The trial was terminated early due to slow accrual and logistical concerns associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, and a total of 73 of a planned 100 participants were included in primary analyses. The median (range) of the change in mRS was 1 point (-2, 3) in UCB and 1 point (-1,4) in Placebo (P = 0.72). A shift analysis comparing the mRS at day 90 utilizing proportional odds modeling showed a common odds ratio of 0.9 (95% CI: 0.4, 2.3) after adjustment for baseline NIHSS and randomization strata. The distribution of adverse events was similar between arms. Although this study did not suggest any safety concerns related to UCB in ischemic stroke, we did not show a clinical benefit in the reduced sample size evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Laskowitz
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jesse Troy
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Emily Poehlein
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ellen R Bennett
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - John R Wingard
- LifeSouth Cord Blood Bank, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Brian Freed
- ClinImmune Labs, University of Colorado Cord Blood Bank, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Samir R Belagaje
- Departments of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anna Khanna
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - William Jones
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - John J Volpi
- Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eric Marrotte
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Joanne Kurtzberg
- Marcus Center for Cellular Cures, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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25
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Barvaux S, Okawa S, Del Sol A. SinCMat: A single-cell-based method for predicting functional maturation transcription factors. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:270-284. [PMID: 38215756 PMCID: PMC10874865 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A major goal of regenerative medicine is to generate tissue-specific mature and functional cells. However, current cell engineering protocols are still unable to systematically produce fully mature functional cells. While existing computational approaches aim at predicting transcription factors (TFs) for cell differentiation/reprogramming, no method currently exists that specifically considers functional cell maturation processes. To address this challenge, here, we develop SinCMat, a single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq)-based computational method for predicting cell maturation TFs. Based on a model of cell maturation, SinCMat identifies pairs of identity TFs and signal-dependent TFs that co-target genes driving functional maturation. A large-scale application of SinCMat to the Mouse Cell Atlas and Tabula Sapiens accurately recapitulates known maturation TFs and predicts novel candidates. We expect SinCMat to be an important resource, complementary to preexisting computational methods, for studies aiming at producing functionally mature cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sybille Barvaux
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, 4367 Esch-Belval Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Satoshi Okawa
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, 4367 Esch-Belval Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Computational and Systems Biology, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Antonio Del Sol
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, 4367 Esch-Belval Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research and Technology Alliance), Bizkaia Technology Park, 801 Building, 48160 Derio, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
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26
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Jones JM, Kiss JE, Chibisov I, Horvei P, Stanczak H, Burda C, Clark W, Sevcik J, Kilonsky C, Kaplan A. Effective peripheral blood stem cell collection in a 4.6-kg child. Transfusion 2024; 64:400-405. [PMID: 38155507 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to unique technical challenges, effective peripheral blood stem cell collections (PBSCs) have not been consistently reported in patients weighing less than 5 kg. We describe three PBSCs performed in a 4.6-kg child undergoing myeloablative chemotherapy for high-grade glioma. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A multidisciplinary group representing the clinical and apheresis teams adapted a PBSC protocol to accommodate the patient's size and collection targets. Special considerations included timing of the collection relative to chemotherapy, vascular access, strategies for monitoring adverse events during collection, and contingencies. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The patient underwent three PBSC procedures over 2 days due to suboptimal collection after the first two procedures. For procedure 1, a conservative inlet: anticoagulant (AC) ratio and AC infusion rate of 15 and 0.6 mL/min/L total blood volume (TBV) resulted in premature discontinuation due to clotting. A ratio of 8 and AC infusion rate of 1.5-1.7 mL/min/L TBV with subsequent titration to higher levels were adopted for the second and third procedures. These changes resulted in greater acid-citrate-dextrose exposure, that was managed by continuous calcium chloride infusion. There was no hypocalcemia, hypotension, or distress during any procedure. A total of 15 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg were collected. This retrospective review illustrates that PBSC can be safely undertaken in children weighing less than 5 kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Jones
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Vitalant Specialty Lab and Therapeutics, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joseph E Kiss
- Vitalant Specialty Lab and Therapeutics, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Irina Chibisov
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Vitalant Specialty Lab and Therapeutics, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Paulina Horvei
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Heather Stanczak
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Carol Burda
- Vitalant Specialty Lab and Therapeutics, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Wei Clark
- Vitalant Specialty Lab and Therapeutics, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joan Sevcik
- Vitalant Specialty Lab and Therapeutics, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Carolyn Kilonsky
- Vitalant Specialty Lab and Therapeutics, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alesia Kaplan
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Vitalant Specialty Lab and Therapeutics, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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27
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Lazarski CA, Hanley PJ. Review of flow cytometry as a tool for cell and gene therapy. Cytotherapy 2024; 26:103-112. [PMID: 37943204 PMCID: PMC10872958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Quality control testing and analytics are critical for the development and manufacture of cell and gene therapies, and flow cytometry is a key quality control and analytical assay that is used extensively. However, the technical scope of characterization assays and safety assays must keep apace as the breadth of cell therapy products continues to expand beyond hematopoietic stem cell products into producing novel adoptive immune therapies and gene therapy products. Flow cytometry services are uniquely positioned to support the evolving needs of cell therapy facilities, as access to flow cytometers, new antibody clones and improved fluorochrome reagents becomes more egalitarian. This report will outline the features, logistics, limitations and the current state of flow cytometry within the context of cellular therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Lazarski
- Program for Cell Enhancement and Technology for Immunotherapy, Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA; The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Patrick J Hanley
- Program for Cell Enhancement and Technology for Immunotherapy, Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA; The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
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28
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Bustamante-Ogando JC, Hernández-López A, Galván-Díaz C, Rivera-Luna R, Fuentes-Bustos HE, Meneses-Acosta A, Olaya-Vargas A. Childhood leukemias in Mexico: towards implementing CAR-T cell therapy programs. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1304805. [PMID: 38304036 PMCID: PMC10833104 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1304805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Leukemias are the most common type of pediatric cancer around the world. Prognosis has improved during the last decades, and many patients are cured with conventional treatment as chemotherapy; however, many patients still present with a refractory disease requiring additional treatments, including hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies or cellular therapy is a promising strategy for treating refractory or relapsed hematological malignancies. Particularly, CAR-T cells have shown clinical efficacy in clinical trials, and different products are now commercially approved by regulatory agencies in the USA and Europe. Many challenges still need to be solved to improve and optimize the potential of these therapies worldwide. Global access to cell therapy is a significant concern, and different strategies are being explored in the middle- and low-income countries. In Mexico, leukemias represent around 50% of total cancer diagnosed in pediatric patients, and the rate of relapsed or refractory disease is higher than reported in other countries, a multi-factorial problem. Although significant progress has been made during the last decades in leukemia diagnosis and treatment, making new therapies available to Mexican patients is a priority, and cell and gene therapies are on the horizon. Efforts are ongoing to make CAR-T cell therapy accessible for patients in Mexico. This article summarizes a general landscape of childhood leukemias in Mexico, and we give a perspective about the current strategies, advances, and challenges ahead to make gene and cell therapies for leukemia clinically available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Bustamante-Ogando
- Immunodeficiencies Research Laboratory and Clinical Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandrina Hernández-López
- Laboratorio 7 Biotecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- Consejo Nacional de Humanidades Ciencias y Tecnologías, CONAHCYT, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - César Galván-Díaz
- Oncology Department, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Hugo E. Fuentes-Bustos
- Laboratorio 7 Biotecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Angélica Meneses-Acosta
- Laboratorio 7 Biotecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Alberto Olaya-Vargas
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Cell Therapy Program, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico
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29
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Patel DM, Mateen R, Qaddour N, Carrillo A, Verschraegen C, Yang Y, Li Z, Sundi D, Mortazavi A, Collier KA. A Comprehensive Review of Immunotherapy Clinical Trials for Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Alone or in Combination, Novel Antibodies, Cellular Therapies, and Vaccines. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:335. [PMID: 38254823 PMCID: PMC10813852 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Urothelial cancer is an immune-responsive cancer, but only a subset of patients benefits from immune checkpoint inhibition. Currently, single-agent immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and the combination of pembrolizumab with the antibody-drug conjugate enfortumab vedotin are approved to treat patients with metastatic UC (mUC). Approval of first-line nivolumab in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin is expected imminently. Many treatment approaches are being investigated to better harness the immune system to fight mUC. In this review, we summarize the landmark clinical trials of ICIs that led to their incorporation into the current standard of care for mUC. We further discuss recent and ongoing clinical trials in mUC, which are investigating ICIs in combination with other agents, including chemotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and novel antibodies. Lastly, we review novel approaches utilizing bispecific antibodies, cellular therapies, and vaccines. The landscape of immunotherapy for mUC is rapidly evolving and will hopefully lead to better outcomes for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dixita M. Patel
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ruba Mateen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Franciscan Health Olympia Fields, Olympia Fields, IL 60461, USA
| | - Noor Qaddour
- Department of Internal Medicine, Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, IL 60453, USA
| | - Alessandra Carrillo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Franciscan Health Olympia Fields, Olympia Fields, IL 60461, USA
| | - Claire Verschraegen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yuanquan Yang
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Zihai Li
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Debasish Sundi
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Amir Mortazavi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Katharine A. Collier
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Okumura N, Nishikawa T, Imafuku C, Matsuoka Y, Miyawaki Y, Kadowaki S, Nakahara M, Matsuoka Y, Koizumi N. U-Net Convolutional Neural Network for Real-Time Prediction of the Number of Cultured Corneal Endothelial Cells for Cellular Therapy. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:71. [PMID: 38247948 PMCID: PMC10813389 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Corneal endothelial decompensation is treated by the corneal transplantation of donor corneas, but donor shortages and other problems associated with corneal transplantation have prompted investigations into tissue engineering therapies. For clinical use, cells used in tissue engineering must undergo strict quality control to ensure their safety and efficacy. In addition, efficient cell manufacturing processes are needed to make cell therapy a sustainable standard procedure with an acceptable economic burden. In this study, we obtained 3098 phase contrast images of cultured human corneal endothelial cells (HCECs). We labeled the images using semi-supervised learning and then trained a model that predicted the cell centers with a precision of 95.1%, a recall of 92.3%, and an F-value of 93.4%. The cell density calculated by the model showed a very strong correlation with the ground truth (Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.97, p value = 8.10 × 10-52). The total cell numbers calculated by our model based on phase contrast images were close to the numbers calculated using a hemocytometer through passages 1 to 4. Our findings confirm the feasibility of using artificial intelligence-assisted quality control assessments in the field of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Okumura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, 1-3 Miyakodani, Tatara, Kyotanabe-City 610-0394, Kyoto, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.); (S.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Takeru Nishikawa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, 1-3 Miyakodani, Tatara, Kyotanabe-City 610-0394, Kyoto, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.); (S.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Chiaki Imafuku
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, 1-3 Miyakodani, Tatara, Kyotanabe-City 610-0394, Kyoto, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.); (S.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Yuki Matsuoka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, 1-3 Miyakodani, Tatara, Kyotanabe-City 610-0394, Kyoto, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.); (S.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Yuna Miyawaki
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, 1-3 Miyakodani, Tatara, Kyotanabe-City 610-0394, Kyoto, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.); (S.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Shinichi Kadowaki
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, 1-3 Miyakodani, Tatara, Kyotanabe-City 610-0394, Kyoto, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.); (S.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Makiko Nakahara
- ActualEyes Inc., D-egg, 1 Jizodani, Koudo, Kyotanabe-City 610-0332, Kyoto, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yasushi Matsuoka
- ActualEyes Inc., D-egg, 1 Jizodani, Koudo, Kyotanabe-City 610-0332, Kyoto, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.M.)
| | - Noriko Koizumi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, 1-3 Miyakodani, Tatara, Kyotanabe-City 610-0394, Kyoto, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.); (S.K.); (N.K.)
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31
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Kelly CJ, Lindsay SL, Smith RS, Keh S, Cunningham KT, Thümmler K, Maizels RM, Campbell JDM, Barnett SC. Development of Good Manufacturing Practice-Compatible Isolation and Culture Methods for Human Olfactory Mucosa-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:743. [PMID: 38255817 PMCID: PMC10815924 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Demyelination in the central nervous system (CNS) resulting from injury or disease can cause loss of nerve function and paralysis. Cell therapies intended to promote remyelination of axons are a promising avenue of treatment, with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) a prominent candidate. We have previously demonstrated that MSCs derived from human olfactory mucosa (hOM-MSCs) promote myelination to a greater extent than bone marrow-derived MSCs (hBM-MSCs). However, hOM-MSCs were developed using methods and materials that were not good manufacturing practice (GMP)-compliant. Before considering these cells for clinical use, it is necessary to develop a method for their isolation and expansion that is readily adaptable to a GMP-compliant environment. We demonstrate here that hOM-MSCs can be derived without enzymatic tissue digestion or cell sorting and without culture antibiotics. They grow readily in GMP-compliant media and express typical MSC surface markers. They robustly produce CXCL12 (a key secretory factor in promoting myelination) and are pro-myelinating in in vitro rodent CNS cultures. GMP-compliant hOM-MSCs are comparable in this respect to those grown in non-GMP conditions. However, when assessed in an in vivo model of demyelinating disease (experimental autoimmune encephalitis, EAE), they do not significantly improve disease scores compared with controls, indicating further pre-clinical evaluation is necessary before their advancement to clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Kelly
- School of Infection and Immunity, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (C.J.K.); (S.L.L.); (R.M.M.)
| | - Susan L. Lindsay
- School of Infection and Immunity, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (C.J.K.); (S.L.L.); (R.M.M.)
| | - Rebecca Sherrard Smith
- School of Infection and Immunity, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (C.J.K.); (S.L.L.); (R.M.M.)
| | - Siew Keh
- New Victoria Hospital, 55 Grange Road, Glasgow G42 9LF, UK
| | - Kyle T. Cunningham
- School of Infection and Immunity, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (C.J.K.); (S.L.L.); (R.M.M.)
| | - Katja Thümmler
- School of Infection and Immunity, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (C.J.K.); (S.L.L.); (R.M.M.)
| | - Rick M. Maizels
- School of Infection and Immunity, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (C.J.K.); (S.L.L.); (R.M.M.)
| | - John D. M. Campbell
- School of Infection and Immunity, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (C.J.K.); (S.L.L.); (R.M.M.)
- Tissues Cells and Advanced Therapeutics, SNBTS, Jack Copland Centre, Edinburgh EH14 4BE, UK
| | - Susan C. Barnett
- School of Infection and Immunity, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (C.J.K.); (S.L.L.); (R.M.M.)
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Mukhamedshin A, Reddington RC, Dinh MTP, Abhishek K, Iqbal M, Manheim M, Gifford SC, Shevkoplyas SS. Rapid, label-free enrichment of lymphocytes in a closed system using a flow-through microfluidic device. Bioeng Transl Med 2024; 9:e10602. [PMID: 38193116 PMCID: PMC10771558 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The majority of adoptive cellular therapies are produced from peripheral mononuclear cells obtained via leukapheresis and further enriched for the cells of interest (e.g., T cells). Here, we present a first-of-its-kind closed system, which effectively removes ~85% of monocytes and ~88% of platelets, while recovering ~88% of concentrated T cells in a separate output stream, as the leukapheresis sample flows through a microfluidic device at 5 mL/min. The system is driven by a common peristaltic pump, enabled by a novel pressure wave dampener, and operates in a closed bag-to-bag configuration, without requiring any specialized, dedicated equipment. When compared to standard density gradient centrifugation on paired samples, the new system demonstrated a 1.5-fold increase in T cell recovery and a 2-fold reduction in inter-sample variability for this separation outcome. The T cell-to-monocyte ratio of the leukapheresis sample was increased to 20:1, whereas with density gradient processing it decreased to 2:1. As a result of superior purity and/or gentler processing, T cells enriched by the system showed a 2.7-times higher fold expansion during subsequent culture, and an overall 3.5-times higher cumulative yield. This centrifugation-free and label-free closed system for enriching lymphocytes could significantly simplify and standardize the manufacturing of life-saving cellular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Mukhamedshin
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | | | - Mai T. P. Dinh
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Kumar Abhishek
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Mubasher Iqbal
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Marc Manheim
- Halcyon Biomedical, IncorporatedFriendswoodTexasUSA
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Kaefer SL, Zhang L, Morrison RA, Brookes S, Awonusi O, Shay E, Hoilett OS, Anderson JL, Goergen CJ, Voytik-Harbin S, Halum S. Early Changes in Porcine Larynges Following Injection of Motor-Endplate Expressing Muscle Cells for the Treatment of Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:272-282. [PMID: 37436167 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES No curative injectable therapy exists for unilateral vocal fold paralysis. Herein, we explore the early implications of muscle-derived motor-endplate expressing cells (MEEs) for injectable vocal fold medialization after recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury. METHODS Yucatan minipigs underwent right RLN transection (without repair) and muscle biopsies. Autologous muscle progenitor cells were isolated, cultured, differentiated, and induced to form MEEs. Three weeks after the injury, MEEs or saline were injected into the paralyzed right vocal fold. Outcomes including evoked laryngeal electromyography (LEMG), laryngeal adductor pressure, and acoustic vocalization data were analyzed up to 7 weeks post-injury. Harvested porcine larynges were examined for volume, gene expression, and histology. RESULTS MEE injections were tolerated well, with all pigs demonstrating continued weight gain. Blinded analysis of videolaryngoscopy post-injection revealed infraglottic fullness, and no inflammatory changes. Four weeks after injection, LEMG revealed on average higher right distal RLN activity retention in MEE pigs. MEE-injected pigs on average had vocalization durations, frequencies, and intensities higher than saline pigs. Post-mortem, the MEE-injected larynges revealed statistically greater volume on quantitative 3D ultrasound, and statistically increased expression of neurotrophic factors (BDNF, NGF, NTF3, NTF4, NTN1) on quantitative PCR. CONCLUSIONS Minimally invasive MEE injection appears to establish an early molecular and microenvironmental framework to encourage innate RLN regeneration. Longer follow-up is needed to determine if early findings will translate into functional contraction. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 134:272-282, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel L Kaefer
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Lujuan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Rachel A Morrison
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Sarah Brookes
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Oluwaseyi Awonusi
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Elizabeth Shay
- School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Orlando S Hoilett
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Jennifer L Anderson
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Craig J Goergen
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Sherry Voytik-Harbin
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Stacey Halum
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A
- School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
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Goyal A, Foss F. Allogeneic transplantation and cellular therapies in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2024; 24:41-58. [PMID: 38224371 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2024.2305356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sezary syndrome (SS) are the most common types of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Although many available treatments offer temporary disease control, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) is the only curative treatment option for advanced stage MF and SS. CAR T-cell therapy is a promising new avenue for treatment. AREAS COVERED In this review, we discuss the evidence supporting the use of allo-HSCT for the treatment of MF/SS, including disease status at the time of transplant, conditioning regimen, total body irradiation (TBI), and donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI). We also address the potential role for CAR T-cell therapy in CTCL. EXPERT OPINION Allo-HSCT is an effective treatment for patients with advanced MF and SS. However, significant research is required to determine optimal treatment protocols. Data support the use of reduced-intensity conditioning regimens and suggests that the use of TBI for debulking of skin disease may result in more durable remissions. Donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) appear to be particularly effective in inducing complete remission in MF/SS patients with relapsed or residual disease. Challenges with CAR-T therapies in T-cell lymphoma include T-cell fratricide due to shared antigens on malignant and nonmalignant T-cells, penetrance into the skin compartment, and CAR-T cell persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Goyal
- Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Francine Foss
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Canichella M, Molica M, Mazzone C, de Fabritiis P. Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: State of the Art and Recent Advances. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:42. [PMID: 38201469 PMCID: PMC10777995 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptors (CAR)-T-cell therapy represents the most important innovation in onco-hematology in recent years. The progress achieved in the management of complications and the latest generations of CAR-T-cells have made it possible to anticipate in second-line the indication of this type of treatment in large B-cell lymphoma. While some types of B-cell lymphomas and B-cell acute lymphoid leukemia have shown extremely promising results, the same cannot be said for myeloid leukemias-in particular, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which would require innovative therapies more than any other blood disease. The heterogeneities of AML cells and the immunological complexity of the interactions between the bone marrow microenvironment and leukemia cells have been found to be major obstacles to the clinical development of CAR-T in AML. In this review, we report on the main results obtained in AML clinical trials, the preclinical studies testing potential CAR-T constructs, and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Canichella
- Hematology, St. Eugenio Hospital, ASL Roma2, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (P.d.F.)
| | - Matteo Molica
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Pugliese-Ciaccio, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Carla Mazzone
- Hematology, St. Eugenio Hospital, ASL Roma2, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (P.d.F.)
| | - Paolo de Fabritiis
- Hematology, St. Eugenio Hospital, ASL Roma2, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (P.d.F.)
- Department of Biomedicina e Prevenzione, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Olaechea A, Benabdellah K, Vergara-Buenaventura A, Gómez-Melero S, Cafferata EA, Meza-Mauricio J, Padial-Molina M, Galindo-Moreno P. Preclinical Evidence for the Use of Oral Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Bone Regenerative Therapy: A Systematic Review. Stem Cells Transl Med 2023; 12:791-800. [PMID: 37715961 PMCID: PMC10726404 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szad059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of extracellular vesicles (EVs) therapies has revolutionized personalized medicine, opening up new possibilities for treatment. EVs have emerged as a promising therapeutic tool within this field due to their crucial role in intercellular communication across various cell types and organisms. This systematic review aims to evaluate the therapeutic potential of oral mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived EVs for bone regeneration, specifically focusing on findings from preclinical models. Sixteen articles meeting the inclusion criteria were selected following document analysis. The biological effects of oral MSC-derived EVs predominantly involve the upregulation of proteins associated with angiogenesis, and inflammation resolution, alongside the downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines. Moreover, these therapeutic agents have been found to contain a significant quantity of different molecules (proteins, lipids, DNA, microRNAs, etc) further contributing to their modulatory potential. The findings from this systematic review underscore that oral MSC-derived EVs, irrespective of their specific population, have the ability to enhance the osteogenic repair response in maxillary bone or periodontal defects. In summary, this systematic review highlights the promising potential of oral MSC-derived EVs for bone regeneration based on evidence from preclinical models. The comprehensive assessment of their biological effects and the presence of microRNAs underscores their therapeutic significance. These findings support the utilization of oral MSC-derived EVs in enhancing the osteogenic repair response in various maxillary bone or periodontal defects, providing insights into the mechanisms involved and potential therapeutic applications in the field of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allinson Olaechea
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto Biosanitario IBS Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- PhD Program in Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Karim Benabdellah
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
| | | | - Sara Gómez-Melero
- Maimonides Biomedical research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Emilio A Cafferata
- School of Dentistry, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Carolinum, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jonathan Meza-Mauricio
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Perú
| | - Miguel Padial-Molina
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto Biosanitario IBS Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo Galindo-Moreno
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto Biosanitario IBS Granada, Granada, Spain
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Peters DT, Savoldo B, Grover NS. Building safety into CAR-T therapy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2275457. [PMID: 37968136 PMCID: PMC10760383 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2275457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy is an innovative immunotherapeutic approach that utilizes genetically modified T-cells to eliminate cancer cells using the specificity of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) coupled to the potent cytotoxicity of the T-lymphocyte. CAR-T therapy has yielded significant improvements in relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies. Given these successes, CAR-T has quickly spread to other hematologic malignancies and is being increasingly explored in solid tumors. From early clinical applications to present day, CAR-T cell therapy has been accompanied by significant toxicities, namely cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), and on-target off-tumor (OTOT) effects. While medical management has improved for CRS and ICANS, the ongoing threat of refractory symptoms and unanticipated idiosyncratic toxicities highlights the need for more powerful safety measures. This is particularly poignant as CAR T-cell therapy continues to expand into the solid tumor space, where the risk of unpredictable toxicities remains high. We will review CAR-T as an immunotherapeutic approach including emergence of unique toxicities throughout development. We will discuss known and novel strategies to mitigate these toxicities; additional safety challenges in the treatment of solid tumors, and how the inducible Caspase 9 "safety switch" provides an ideal platform for continued exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T. Peters
- Department of Hematology Oncology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Barbara Savoldo
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Hematology Oncology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Natalie S. Grover
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Hematology Oncology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Bertin B, Zugman M, Schvartsman G. The Current Treatment Landscape of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma and Future Directions. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5808. [PMID: 38136353 PMCID: PMC10741667 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of malignant pleural mesothelioma is expected to increase globally. New treatment options for this malignancy are eagerly awaited to improve the survival and quality of life of patients. The present article highlights the results of recent advances in this field, analyzing data from several relevant trials. The heterogeneous tumor microenvironment and biology, together with the low mutational burden, pose a challenge for treating such tumors. So far, no single biomarker has been soundly correlated with targeted therapy development; thus, combination strategies are often required to improve outcomes. Locally applied vaccines, the expansion of genetically engineered immune cell populations such as T cells, the blockage of immune checkpoints that inhibit anti-tumorigenic responses and chemoimmunotherapy are among the most promising options expected to change the mesothelioma treatment landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Bertin
- Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05651-901, Brazil;
| | - Miguel Zugman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05651-901, Brazil;
| | - Gustavo Schvartsman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05651-901, Brazil;
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Hickey JW, Agmon E, Horowitz N, Lamore M, Sunwoo J, Covert M, Nolan GP. Integrating Multiplexed Imaging and Multiscale Modeling Identifies Tumor Phenotype Transformation as a Critical Component of Therapeutic T Cell Efficacy. bioRxiv 2023:2023.12.06.570168. [PMID: 38106218 PMCID: PMC10723382 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.06.570168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Cancer progression is a complex process involving interactions that unfold across molecular, cellular, and tissue scales. These multiscale interactions have been difficult to measure and to simulate. Here we integrated CODEX multiplexed tissue imaging with multiscale modeling software, to model key action points that influence the outcome of T cell therapies with cancer. The initial phenotype of therapeutic T cells influences the ability of T cells to convert tumor cells to an inflammatory, anti-proliferative phenotype. This T cell phenotype could be preserved by structural reprogramming to facilitate continual tumor phenotype conversion and killing. One takeaway is that controlling the rate of cancer phenotype conversion is critical for control of tumor growth. The results suggest new design criteria and patient selection metrics for T cell therapies, call for a rethinking of T cell therapeutic implementation, and provide a foundation for synergistically integrating multiplexed imaging data with multiscale modeling of the cancer-immune interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Hickey
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Eran Agmon
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nina Horowitz
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew Lamore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - John Sunwoo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford Cancer Institute, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Markus Covert
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Garry P Nolan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Dallmann J, Freitag J, Jung C, Khinvasara K, Merz L, Peters D, Schork M, Beck J. CIMT 2023: report on the 20th Annual Meeting of the Association for Cancer Immunotherapy. Immunooncol Technol 2023; 20:100397. [PMID: 37876518 PMCID: PMC10590812 DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2023.100397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
The Association for Cancer Immunotherapy (CIMT) celebrated the 20th anniversary of the CIMT Annual Meeting. CIMT2023 was held 3-5 May 2023 in Mainz, Germany. 1051 academic and clinical professionals from over 30 countries attended the meeting and discussed the latest advances in cancer immunology and immunotherapy research. This report summarizes the highlights of CIMT2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Dallmann
- Immunotherapies & Preclinical Research, BioNTech SE, Mainz
| | - J. Freitag
- TRON-Translational Oncology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - C. Jung
- BioNTech Cell & Gene Therapies GmbH, Mainz
| | - K. Khinvasara
- TRON-Translational Oncology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - L. Merz
- TRON-Translational Oncology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - D. Peters
- Immunotherapies & Preclinical Research, BioNTech SE, Mainz
| | - M. Schork
- TRON-Translational Oncology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - J.D. Beck
- Immunotherapies & Preclinical Research, BioNTech SE, Mainz
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Johanna I, Daudeij A, Devina F, Nijenhuis C, Nuijen B, Romberg B, de Haar C, Haanen J, Dolstra H, Bremer E, Sebestyen Z, Straetemans T, Jedema I, Kuball J. Basics of advanced therapy medicinal product development in academic pharma and the role of a GMP simulation unit. Immunooncol Technol 2023; 20:100411. [PMID: 38192616 PMCID: PMC10772236 DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2023.100411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Following successes of authorized chimeric antigen receptor T-cell products being commercially marketed in the United States and European Union, product development of T-cell-based cancer immunotherapy consisting of cell-based advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) has gained further momentum. Due to their complex characteristics, pharmacological properties of living cell products are, in contrast to classical biological drugs such as small molecules, more difficult to define. Despite the availability of many new advanced technologies that facilitate ATMP manufacturing, translation from research-grade to clinical-grade manufacturing in accordance with Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) needs a thorough product development process in order to maintain the same product characteristics and activity of the therapeutic product after full-scale clinical GMP production as originally developed within a research setting. The same holds true for transferring a fully developed GMP-grade production process between different GMP facilities. Such product development from the research to GMP-grade manufacturing and technology transfer processes of established GMP-compliant procedures between facilities are challenging. In this review, we highlight some of the main obstacles related to the product development, manufacturing process, and product analysis, as well as how these hinder rapid access to ATMPs. We elaborate on the role of academia, also referred to as 'academic pharma', and the added value of GMP production and GMP simulation facilities to keep innovation moving by reducing the development time and to keep final production costs reasonable.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Johanna
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
| | - A. Daudeij
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
| | - F. Devina
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
| | - C. Nijenhuis
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam
| | - B. Nuijen
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam
| | - B. Romberg
- Department of Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
| | - C. de Haar
- Department of Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
| | - J. Haanen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam
| | - H. Dolstra
- Laboratory of Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen
| | - E. Bremer
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Z. Sebestyen
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
| | - T. Straetemans
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
| | - I. Jedema
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam
| | - J. Kuball
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
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Tran MH, Mathur G, Barnhard S, Schwartz J. Historic and emerging trends in transfusion medicine: Maintaining relevance as a specialty. Transfusion 2023; 63:2341-2350. [PMID: 37921092 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Minh-Ha Tran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Irvine School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Gagan Mathur
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Irvine School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Sarah Barnhard
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Davis School of Medicine, University of California, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Joseph Schwartz
- Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Seftel MD, Pasic I, Parmar G, Bucher O, Allan DS, Bhella S, Hay KA, Ikuomola O, Musto G, Prica A, Richardson E, Truong TH, Paulson K. Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Trends and Outcomes in Canada: A Registry-Based Cohort Study. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:9953-9967. [PMID: 37999143 PMCID: PMC10669983 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30110723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is an established therapy for hematologic malignancies and serious non-malignant blood disorders. Despite its curative potential, HCT is associated with substantial toxicity and health resource utilization. Effective delivery of HCT requires complex hospital-based care, which limits the number of HCT centres in Canada. In Canada, the quantity, indications, temporal trends, and outcomes of patients receiving HCT are not known. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of first transplants reported to the Cell Therapy Transplant Canada (CTTC) registry between 2000 and 2019. We determined overall survival (OS) and non-relapse mortality (NRM), categorizing the cohort into early (2000-2009) and later (2010-2019) eras to investigate temporal changes. Results: Of 18,046 transplants, 7571 were allogeneic and 10,475 were autologous. Comparing the two eras, allogeneic transplants increased in number by 22.3%, with greater use of matched unrelated donors in the later era. Autologous transplants increased by 10.9%. Temporal improvements in NRM were observed in children and adults. OS improved in pediatric patients and in adults receiving autologous HCT. In adults receiving allogeneic HCT, OS was stable despite the substantially older age of patients in the later era. Interpretation: HCT is an increasingly frequent procedure in Canada which has expanded to serve older adults. Noted improvements in NRM and OS reflect progress in patient and donor selection, preparation for transplant, and post-transplant supportive care. In allogeneic HCT, unrelated donors have become the most frequent donor source, highlighting the importance of the continued growth of volunteer donor registries. These results serve as a baseline measure for quality improvement and health services planning in Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Seftel
- Canadian Blood Services, Vancouver, BC V6H 2N9, Canada; (G.P.); (D.S.A.)
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada;
| | - Ivan Pasic
- Hans Messner Allogeneic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada; (I.P.); (S.B.); (A.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Gaganvir Parmar
- Canadian Blood Services, Vancouver, BC V6H 2N9, Canada; (G.P.); (D.S.A.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Oliver Bucher
- Department of Epidemiology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3A 1M5, Canada; (O.B.); (O.I.); (G.M.); (E.R.)
| | - David S. Allan
- Canadian Blood Services, Vancouver, BC V6H 2N9, Canada; (G.P.); (D.S.A.)
- Department of Medicine and Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Sita Bhella
- Hans Messner Allogeneic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada; (I.P.); (S.B.); (A.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Kevin Anthony Hay
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada;
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Oluwaseun Ikuomola
- Department of Epidemiology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3A 1M5, Canada; (O.B.); (O.I.); (G.M.); (E.R.)
| | - Grace Musto
- Department of Epidemiology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3A 1M5, Canada; (O.B.); (O.I.); (G.M.); (E.R.)
| | - Anca Prica
- Hans Messner Allogeneic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada; (I.P.); (S.B.); (A.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Erin Richardson
- Department of Epidemiology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3A 1M5, Canada; (O.B.); (O.I.); (G.M.); (E.R.)
| | - Tony H. Truong
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T3B 6A8, Canada;
| | - Kristjan Paulson
- Cell Therapy and Transplant Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada;
- Department of Medical Oncology and Haematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
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Reynolds G, Hall VG, Teh BW. Vaccine schedule recommendations and updates for patients with hematologic malignancy post-hematopoietic cell transplant or CAR T-cell therapy. Transpl Infect Dis 2023; 25 Suppl 1:e14109. [PMID: 37515788 PMCID: PMC10909447 DOI: 10.1111/tid.14109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Revaccination after receipt of a hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) or cellular therapies is a pillar of patient supportive care, with the potential to reduce morbidity and mortality linked to vaccine-preventable infections. This review synthesizes national, international, and expert consensus vaccination schedules post-HCT and presents evidence regarding the efficacy of newer vaccine formulations for pneumococcus, recombinant zoster vaccine, and coronavirus disease 2019 in patients with hematological malignancy. Revaccination post-cellular therapies are less well defined. This review highlights important considerations around poor vaccine response, seroprevalence preservation after cellular therapies, and the optimal timing of revaccination. Future research should assess the immunogenicity and real-world effectiveness of new vaccine formulations and/or vaccine schedules in patients post-HCT and cellular therapy, including analysis of vaccine response that relates to the target of cellular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Reynolds
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Infectious DiseasesPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Infectious DiseasesAustin HealthHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
| | - Victoria G. Hall
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Infectious DiseasesPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Benjamin W. Teh
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Infectious DiseasesPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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Garner W, Hamza A, Haidar G. Investigational non-antibiotic therapeutics for infections in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients and patients with hematologic malignancies receiving cellular therapies. Transpl Infect Dis 2023; 25 Suppl 1:e14193. [PMID: 37957893 DOI: 10.1111/tid.14193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
In the age of progressive antimicrobial resistance and increased difficulty combating infections in immunocompromised hosts, there has been renewed interest in the use of nontraditional therapeutics for infections. Herein, we review the use of investigational non-pharmaceutical anti-infective agents targeting fungal, bacterial, and viral infections in patients with hematologic malignancies, focusing on those receiving hematopoietic cell transplantation or cellular therapies. We discuss immune checkpoint inhibitors, granulocyte transfusions, bone marrow colony-stimulating factors, bacteriophages, fecal microbiota transplantation, and virus specific T-cell therapy. Although there is promising early experience with many of these treatments, further studies will be required to define their optimal role in the therapeutic armamentarium against infections in immunocompromised hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Will Garner
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amjad Hamza
- American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ghady Haidar
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Teipel R, Rieprecht S, Trautmann-Grill K, Röllig C, Klötzer C, Zimmer K, Rathaj G, Bach E, Brückner M, Heyn S, Wang SY, Jentzsch M, Schwind S, Kretschmann T, Egger-Heidrich K, Remane Y, Franke GN, von Bonin M, Bornhäuser M, Platzbecker U, Hölig K, Merz M, Vučinić V. Steady-state versus chemotherapy-based hematopoietic cell mobilization after anti-CD38-based induction therapy in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Transfusion 2023; 63:2131-2139. [PMID: 37850414 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incorporation of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) in induction regimens of newly diagnosed transplant-eligible multiple myeloma (MM) patients has been established as a new standard. However, the optimal strategy of stem cell mobilization in this context is not yet clear. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS From May 2020 till September 2022, we retrospectively reviewed patients receiving anti-CD38 mAb-based induction therapy followed by stem cell mobilization either in a steady-state protocol (SSM) using 10 μg/kg granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for 5 days or in a chemotherapy-based protocol (CM) using 1-4 g/m2 cyclophosphamide and G-CSF. RESULTS Overall, 85 patients (median age 61 years) were included in the analysis. In total, 90 mobilization attempts were performed, 42 with SSM and 48 with CM. There was no significant difference in the median concentration of CD34+ cells in peripheral blood (PB) prior to apheresis between SSM and CM (61/μL vs. 55.4/μL; p = .60). Cumulative CD34+ yields did not differ between the groups with median of 6.68 and 6.75 × 106 /kg body weight, respectively (p = .35). The target yield (≥4 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg body weight) was reached in 88% (CM) and 86% (SSM), with a high proportion even after a single apheresis session (76% vs. 75%). Plerixafor was found to be more frequently used in SSM (52%) than in CM (23%; p < .01). A total of 83 patients underwent autologous transplantation and all were engrafted. CONCLUSIONS Stem cell collection in patients undergoing anti-CD38-based induction therapy is feasible with either CM or SSM, although SSM more frequently requires plerixafor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Teipel
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanne Rieprecht
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy, Hemostaseology, and Infectious Diseases, University Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Pharmacy, University Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Röllig
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christina Klötzer
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy, Hemostaseology, and Infectious Diseases, University Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kristin Zimmer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Grit Rathaj
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Enrica Bach
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy, Hemostaseology, and Infectious Diseases, University Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mandy Brückner
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy, Hemostaseology, and Infectious Diseases, University Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Simone Heyn
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy, Hemostaseology, and Infectious Diseases, University Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Song-Yau Wang
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy, Hemostaseology, and Infectious Diseases, University Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Madlen Jentzsch
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy, Hemostaseology, and Infectious Diseases, University Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Theresa Kretschmann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Yvonne Remane
- Pharmacy, University Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Georg-Nikolaus Franke
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy, Hemostaseology, and Infectious Diseases, University Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Malte von Bonin
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Bornhäuser
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Disease (NCT), Dresden, Germany
| | - Uwe Platzbecker
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy, Hemostaseology, and Infectious Diseases, University Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kristina Hölig
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maximilian Merz
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy, Hemostaseology, and Infectious Diseases, University Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vladan Vučinić
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy, Hemostaseology, and Infectious Diseases, University Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
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Bailey AJM, Blake J, Ganz K, Seftel MD, Allan DS. HLA-haplotype redundancy and rareness in Canadian Blood Services' Stem Cell Registry and Cord Blood Bank: Novel metrics for optimizing utility. Transfusion 2023; 63:2114-2119. [PMID: 37750668 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The utility of unrelated donor registries that support allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation could be optimized through greater understanding of redundancy and rareness of HLA phenotypes. METHODS HLA phenotype rareness was determined using known HLA haplotype frequencies. Donor redundancy was determined through pairwise comparison of donor HLA profiles within an inventory. RESULTS Among 61,730 registrants in the Canadian Blood Services (CBS) Stem Cell Registry (SCR) with high resolution HLA typing at 5 loci, 6.6% of HLA phenotypes were redundant with variation across ethnic groups (8.3% of Caucasian phenotypes; 8% of Native American/First Nations, 4.4% of Asia-Pacific Islanders (API), 2.1% of Hispanic, 0.7% of African-American (AFA), and 4.5% of other ethnicities). A total of 18.5% of registrants had redundant HLA phenotypes with variation across ethnic groups. All 3716 cord blood units in the CBS's cord blood bank (CBB) had high resolution HLA typing at 5 loci and 202 units were redundant (5.4%) comprising 78 HLA phenotypes, with varying rareness. Repeated HLA phenotypes were from Caucasian donors (77%), multiple ethnicity (13%), API (9%), and AFA (1%). Registrants and CBUs with AFA ethnicity had the rarest phenotypes while Caucasian ethnicity was associated with the most common HLA phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS Redundancy was greater in the SCR compared to the CBB and was most common with CAU ethnicity. Recruiting non-Caucasian registrants and continued cord blood banking should reduce redundancy. A sub-inventory of redundant donors and cord blood units could support new uses for donor-supported cellular therapies that do not require HLA matching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian J M Bailey
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Canadian Blood Services, Stem Cells and Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Canada
| | - John Blake
- Canadian Blood Services, Stem Cells and Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Kathy Ganz
- Canadian Blood Services, Stem Cells and Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Matthew D Seftel
- Canadian Blood Services, Stem Cells and Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - David S Allan
- Canadian Blood Services, Stem Cells and Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology & Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Transplant and Cellular Therapy, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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Czapka MT, Riedell PA, Pisano JC. Infectious complications of car T-cell therapy: A longitudinal risk model. Transpl Infect Dis 2023; 25 Suppl 1:e14148. [PMID: 37695203 DOI: 10.1111/tid.14148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CAR T-cell therapy, where a patient's own T cells are re-engineered to express a receptor to a target of interest, is becoming an increasingly utilized cancer-directed therapy. There are significant toxicities that contribute to a novel state of immunocompromise, leading to new patterns of infectious complications that require further detailed study. METHODS We created a single-center cohort of adult recipients of CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy and assessed infectious outcomes, supportive care received, toxicities, and markers of immune function up to 2 years following CAR T-cell therapy. Descriptive statistics were used as appropriate for analysis. We additionally conducted time-to-event analysis assessing time-to-first infection with either log-rank testing or Cox regression with univariate analysis, before including significant predictors into a multivariate Cox model of time to infection. RESULTS We identified 73 patients who received CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy who predominantly had diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Within 30 days of cell infusion, bacterial and Candida infections were the most common, with 64% of infections due to these organisms. Between 30 days and 2 years postinfusion, respiratory viruses and pneumonia were the most frequent infections, with 68% of infections due to these etiologies. Receipt of tocilizumab, development of immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), or lower neutrophil count were associated with quicker onset of infection in a multivariate Cox model. CONCLUSIONS Respiratory viruses remain an important infectious complication of CAR T-cell therapy following the first year. The model may be a useful tool to identify patients at the highest risk of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Czapka
- Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Disease, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Peter A Riedell
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jennifer C Pisano
- Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Disease, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Ninfali C, Siles L, Esteve-Codina A, Postigo A. The mesodermal and myogenic specification of hESCs depend on ZEB1 and are inhibited by ZEB2. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113222. [PMID: 37819755 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can differentiate into any cell lineage. Here, we report that ZEB1 and ZEB2 promote and inhibit mesodermal-to-myogenic specification of hESCs, respectively. Knockdown and/or overexpression experiments of ZEB1, ZEB2, or PAX7 in hESCs indicate that ZEB1 is required for hESC Nodal/Activin-mediated mesodermal specification and PAX7+ human myogenic progenitor (hMuP) generation, while ZEB2 inhibits these processes. ZEB1 downregulation induces neural markers, while ZEB2 downregulation induces mesodermal/myogenic markers. Mechanistically, ZEB1 binds to and transcriptionally activates the PAX7 promoter, while ZEB2 binds to and activates the promoter of the neural OTX2 marker. Transplanting ZEB1 or ZEB2 knocked down hMuPs into the muscles of a muscular dystrophy mouse model, showing that hMuP engraftment and generation of dystrophin-positive myofibers depend on ZEB1 and are inhibited by ZEB2. The mouse model results suggest that ZEB1 expression and/or downregulating ZEB2 in hESCs may also enhance hESC regenerative capacity for human muscular dystrophy therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Ninfali
- Group of Gene Regulation in Stem Cells, Cell Plasticity, Differentiation, and Cancer, IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Siles
- Group of Gene Regulation in Stem Cells, Cell Plasticity, Differentiation, and Cancer, IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Postigo
- Group of Gene Regulation in Stem Cells, Cell Plasticity, Differentiation, and Cancer, IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Molecular Targets Program, J.G. Brown Center, Louisville University Healthcare Campus, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; ICREA, 08010 Barcelona, Spain.
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Miller A, Davies J, Young K, Eckman E, Lo MY, Erskine H, Knutson L, Ondricek S, Margolis JM, Auletta JJ, Miller JP, Stefanski HE, Devine S, Pham HP. The effect of increased collect pump rate on collection efficiency in hematopoietic progenitor cell collection by apheresis in allogeneic adult donors-A single center analysis. Transfusion 2023; 63:1926-1936. [PMID: 37668194 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimizing CD34 recovery while minimizing harm to hematopoietic progenitor cell donors by apheresis (HPC(A) donors) is critical to the success of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. We examined the efficacy and safety of starting allogeneic HPC(A) donors at a collect pump rate (CPR) of 2 mL/min on the Spectra Optia regardless of the inlet flow rate and/or pre-apheresis white blood cell (WBC) count (high CPR group). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A single-center retrospective study was performed on allogeneic adult donors from 10/2020 to 12/2022. From 10/2020 to 6/19/2022, all donors had CPR of ~1 mL/min (historical group). High CPR group started 6/20/2022. RESULTS During the study period, 412 donors were in historical group versus 196 (32.2%) in high CPR group. Median CD34 collection efficiency (CE) was higher and more consistent in high CPR group (55.1% vs. 53% in historical group, p < .0001) and remained significant in multivariate analysis. Although product volume was higher in high CPR group, WBC, hematocrit, and platelet concentrations were significantly lower. No difference in engraftment outcomes in patients receiving products from two groups was observed. Moreover, no differences occurred in a significant peri-procedural adverse event or percent decrease in platelets (6.87% decrease in platelets per 100 × 106 CD34 cells collected versus 6.66% in historical group, p = .89). Furthermore, high CPR group had ~26 min less in collection time for every 100 × 106 CD34 cells collected, resulting in less positive fluid balances. CONCLUSIONS Starting allogeneic HPC(A) donor collection at a CPR of 2 mL/min is safe and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Miller
- National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP), Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Be The Match Seattle Apheresis Collection Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jeramy Davies
- National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP), Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Be The Match Seattle Apheresis Collection Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kathryn Young
- National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP), Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Be The Match Seattle Apheresis Collection Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Emily Eckman
- National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP), Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Be The Match Seattle Apheresis Collection Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Melissa Y Lo
- National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP), Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Be The Match Seattle Apheresis Collection Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Hannah Erskine
- National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP), Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Be The Match Seattle Apheresis Collection Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lisa Knutson
- National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP), Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Be The Match Seattle Apheresis Collection Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sara Ondricek
- National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP), Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Be The Match Seattle Apheresis Collection Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jamie M Margolis
- National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP), Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - John P Miller
- National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP), Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Steven Devine
- National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP), Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Huy P Pham
- National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP), Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Be The Match Seattle Apheresis Collection Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
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