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Swilem ES, Elkenany NM, Algazzar AS, Youssef N, Swilem SS, Gendia EA, Swillem AS, Elmalah AA, Sabah Z, Rasool T. The Impact of Periodontal Inflammation on the Severity of Coronary Atherosclerosis. Cureus 2024; 16:e57653. [PMID: 38707087 PMCID: PMC11070142 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Through plausible biological mechanisms, periodontitis causes systemic inflammatory burden and response, thus resulting in damage far beyond the oral cavity. Studies have demonstrated periodontitis to be a significant risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. The larger the quantum of periodontal inflamed tissue, the greater the chances of periodontitis eliciting bacteremia and systemic inflammatory responses. Studies have reported that periodontitis and other common oral infections play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. Therefore, the quantity of inflamed periodontal tissue assumes significance in determining the severity of atherosclerosis. Hence, this study investigates the impact of periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) on the severity of coronary atherosclerosis. Materials and methods In this cross-sectional study, a total of 160 patients who presented at the department of periodontics of The British University in Egypt (BUE) from 1 January 2023 to 30 September 2023 were enrolled. Patients were only enrolled if they had undergone coronary angiography within the last six months, were less than 60 years of age, shared their previous medical history and coronary angiographic report, and gave informed written consent. Data on classic coronary risk factors and periodontal inflammatory status and angiographic findings were recorded and subjected to appropriate statistical analysis. Results The results revealed that the periodontal inflamed surface area (p = 0.002) apart from age (p < 0.047) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p < 0.001) is a significant independent predictor of the severity of coronary atherosclerosis. Conclusions The periodontal inflamed surface area is an independent predictor of the severity of coronary atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa S Swilem
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, EGY
| | - Nasima M Elkenany
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EGY
| | - Alaa S Algazzar
- Department of Cardiology, Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital, Cairo, EGY
| | - Nesma Youssef
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EGY
| | - Sara S Swilem
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, EGY
| | - Eslam A Gendia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, EGY
| | - Ahmad S Swillem
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, EGY
| | - Abeer A Elmalah
- Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EGY
| | - Zia Sabah
- Department of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, SAU
| | - Tariq Rasool
- Department of Medical Education and Simulation, University Institute of Computing, Chandigarh University, Chandigarh, IND
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Zhang MQ, Tan WT, Li WD, Shen XY, Shen Y, Jiang XL, Wen HF. A positive association between RDW and coronary heart disease in the rheumatoid arthritis population: A cross-sectional study from NHANES. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37315. [PMID: 38457585 PMCID: PMC10919533 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous research has indicated that higher red blood cell distribution width (RDW) increases the risk of coronary heart disease. However, no studies have established a link between RDW and coronary heart disease in the rheumatoid arthritis population. This research aims to explore the association between RDW and coronary heart disease among individuals with rheumatoid arthritis. We selected demographic data, laboratory data, lifestyle, and medical history from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), specifically including age, gender, poverty, RDW, race, BMI, diabetes, education, coronary heart disease, hypertension, cholesterol, smoking, and drinking. RDW and coronary heart disease were found to have a positive association in the rheumatoid arthritis population (OR = 1.145, 95%CI: 1.036-1.266, P = .0098), even after adjusting for factors such as age, gender, race, education level, smoking, and drinking. Subgroup analysis showed a stronger positive association, particularly in individuals aged 55-66 years, males, and the Hispanic White population with diabetes or hypercholesterolemia. There is a significant correlation between RDW and coronary heart disease among individuals with rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Qi Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Wen Tao Tan
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Wei Dong Li
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Yang Shen
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Shen
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Lu Jiang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Hong Fu Wen
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China
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Raad H, Shihab O. The impact of pediatric congenital heart disease on primary teeth structure: a histological study. Acta Biomed 2023; 94:e2023260. [PMID: 38054687 PMCID: PMC10734225 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v94i6.14567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is an abnormality in the structure or function of the cardio-circulatory system present at birth and the ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common CHD in children. This study aimed to determine any differences in the histological structure of primary teeth between both healthy children and those children with ventricular septal defects in Erbil City. Methods enrolled children were divided into two groups. Group I (control) & group II (CHD) aged between 6-10 years old. A total of 44 children were collected, (22 children) in each group. Enamel, dentin, and odontoblast layers were examined histologically. Unpaired t-test used for statistical analysis. Results: The histopathological sections showed a significant difference in enamel, dentin, and odontoblast layer thickness (255.8 ± 41.68- 406.4 ±46.39), (1156 ± 116.0 - 1320 ± 117.4) and (29.74 ± 7.66 -41.38 ± 12.06) respectively, with p values (P < 0.0001) for enamel and dentin layer, and P < 0.0004 for odontoblast layer. A study of the images in the CHD group showed that the tooth tissue lost its integrity and cohesion in some places, and the thickness of the enamel and dentin layer in this group was significantly reduced compared to group I. Tissue loss in enamel, pulp, and dentin cell were observed. Also, connective tissue layers in the pulp were disrupted. Conclusions: CHD can alter the natural structure formation of primary teeth. Histologically, enamel, dentin, and odontoblasts layer thickness reduction are found in primary teeth in children with ventricular septal defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda Raad
- hawler medical university-college of dentistry.
| | - Omed Shihab
- hawler medical university-college of dentistry.
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4
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Bodke H, Wagh V, Kakar G. Diabetes Mellitus and Prevalence of Other Comorbid Conditions: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e49374. [PMID: 38146555 PMCID: PMC10749406 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, severity continues to rise worldwide. This systematic review seeks to examine the prevalence of diabetes and its associated comorbid conditions, aiming to provide insights into the multifaceted impact of diabetes on a broader scale. DM exhibits a positive correlation with advancing age, and it's strongly influenced by genetic predisposition. In recent years, there has been a discernible global increase in the prevalence of type 1 diabetes (T1D), as evidenced by extensive epidemiological studies. Individuals with DM frequently have a positive familial history, and the presence of DM in both parents or solely the mother significantly amplifies genetic susceptibility. Moreover, non-genetic factors, such as acute psychological stressors, obesity, pregnancy, and smoking play a pivotal role in the development of DM. Notably, urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common comorbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and all patients with T1D. T2D is prevalent, particularly among females, and its incidence rises with age. UTIs are prevalent among individuals with diabetes, particularly females, with Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates being the primary etiological agents responsible for UTI inflammation. Insulin resistance is a common feature in both prediabetes and prehypertension, serving as a precursor to these conditions. The increasing incidence of T2D in regions with high tuberculosis (TB) prevalence emphasizes the significance of understanding DM as a substantial TB risk factor. DM is associated with a threefold elevation in TB risk and a twofold increase in unfavorable outcomes during TB treatment. Notably, the global prevalence of DM has led to a larger population of TB patients with comorbid DM than TB patients coinfected with HIV. Diabetes and sepsis contribute significantly to worldwide morbidity and mortality, with diabetic individuals experiencing more post-sepsis complications and increased mortality. The coexistence of hypertension and T2D is a common comorbidity, with hypertension incidence being twice as high among individuals with diabetes compared to those without, often linked to insulin resistance and a heightened risk of diabetes onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Bodke
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Vasant Wagh
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Gauri Kakar
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Sulaiman AR, Oletu H, Chike A, Ani C, Twumasi F, Ikechukwu U, Okobi OE, Sani AM, Onyeaka FC, Dan-Eleberi AO, Iroro J. An Analysis of the Effect of Stroke on Health-Related Quality of Life of Older Adults With Coronary Heart Disease Who Take Aspirin. Cureus 2023; 15:e43611. [PMID: 37719612 PMCID: PMC10504463 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the impact of coronary heart disease (CHD) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among individuals taking aspirin, as well as to explore the potential association between stroke and CHD on HRQoL. METHOD A total of 17,106 respondents aged 50 years and above who reported using aspirin on "some days" or "daily" were included in the analysis. Among them, 4,036 individuals had a history of coronary heart disease. We utilized the Chi-square test to assess the proportion of individuals with CHD who reported poor self-rated health and experienced poor HRQoL in four domains: physical health, mental health, physical and mental health combined, and the number of days limited by poor health. Logistic regression was employed to investigate the interaction between stroke and CHD concerning the quality of life. RESULT Among adults aged 50 years and above using aspirin, those with CHD tended to be older (68.7 years ± 0.37 vs 66.6 ± 0.24), had a higher proportion of male respondents (60.0% vs 45.1%), and were mostly of white ethnicity (77.4% vs 76.2%). The group with CHD reported significantly poorer self-rated health compared to those without CHD (52.1% vs 25.6%, p<0.001), along with a higher prevalence of poor physical health (55.3% vs 42.7%, p<0.001) and poor mental health (50.2% vs 40.4%, p = 0.033) in comparison to aspirin users without CHD. However, there was no statistically significant association between stroke and CHD concerning the impact on all domains of quality of life (p>0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that individuals aged 50 years and above with CHD who are using aspirin experience a lower quality of life in both the physical and mental health domains when compared to their counterparts without CHD. Furthermore, there was no significant interaction between stroke and CHD in relation to the impact on HRQoL in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adenike R Sulaiman
- Internal Medicine, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, NGA
| | - Helen Oletu
- Medicine and Surgery, University of Benin, Benin City, NGA
- Public Health, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, GBR
| | - Assumpta Chike
- Internal Medicine, University of Science, Arts and Technology, Olveston, MSR
| | - Chinenye Ani
- Internal Medicine, Savanna La Mar Public General Hospital, Savanna La Mar, JAM
| | | | | | - Okelue E Okobi
- Family Medicine, Larkin Community Hospital Palm Springs Campus, Miami, USA
- Family Medicine, Medficient Health Systems, Laurel, USA
- Family Medicine, Lakeside Medical Center, Belle Glade, USA
| | - Abubakar M Sani
- Internal Medicine, Kaduna State Ministry of Health, Kaduna, NGA
| | | | | | - Joy Iroro
- Internal Medicine, All Saints University School of Medicine, Roseau, DMA
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Griffeth EM, Dearani JA, Mathew J, Graham GC, Connolly HM, King KS, Schaff HV, Stephens EH. Early and Late Outcomes of the Warden and Modified Warden Procedure. Ann Thorac Surg 2022; 114:1723-1729. [PMID: 35351424 PMCID: PMC10125258 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2022.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Operative repair of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) remains challenging due to risks of sinus node dysfunction, baffle obstruction, and superior vena cava (SVC) obstruction. METHODS Traditional or modified Warden procedures were performed in 75 of 318 consecutive patients (24%) with PAPVC repaired surgically at our institution during 1993 to 2021. Clinical characteristics, echocardiography data, operative details, and early and late outcomes were collected. Cumulative incidence of reintervention and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis are reported. RESULTS Median age was 39 years (interquartile range, 21-57 years). Fifty-nine (79%) had normal sinus rhythm preoperatively. Seventeen (23%) had intact atrial septa. Traditional and modified Warden procedures were performed in 15 (20%) and 60 (80%), respectively. Frequent concomitant procedures included 15 (20%) tricuspid valve repairs and 12 (16%) atrial fibrillation procedures. There were no early deaths. Postoperative complications included atrial fibrillation in 17 (23%), sinus node dysfunction in 15 (20%), pneumothorax in 3 (4%), pleural effusion in 2 (3%), and pacemaker implantation in 1 (1%). At hospital discharge, sinus node dysfunction persisted in 8 (11%). Over a median follow-up of 6 years (interquartile range, 4-10 years), baffle obstruction developed in 1 patient and SVC obstruction developed in 7. None required reoperation and 6 were treated with SVC stents. At 1, 5, and 10 years, the cumulative incidence of reintervention was 5%, 7%, and 14%, and survival was 99%, 94%, and 94%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Traditional and modified Warden procedures can be performed with satisfactory early and late survival. Persistent sinus node dysfunction and need for permanent pacing are low. Late SVC obstruction is uncommon and can often be managed nonoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine M Griffeth
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Joseph A Dearani
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jessey Mathew
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Gabriel C Graham
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Heidi M Connolly
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Katherine S King
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Hartzell V Schaff
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Nam HH, Dinh PV, Lasso A, Herz C, Huang J, Posada A, Aly AH, Pouch AM, Kabir S, Simpson J, Glatz AC, Harrild DM, Marx G, Fichtinger G, Cohen MS, Jolley MA. Dynamic Annular Modeling of the Unrepaired Complete Atrioventricular Canal Annulus. Ann Thorac Surg 2022; 113:654-662. [PMID: 33359720 PMCID: PMC8219815 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repair of complete atrioventricular canal (CAVC) is often complicated by atrioventricular valve regurgitation, particularly of the left-sided valve. Understanding the 3-dimensional (3D) structure of the atrioventricular canal annulus before repair may help to inform optimized repair. However, the 3D shape and movement of the CAVC annulus has been neither quantified nor rigorously compared with a normal mitral valve annulus. METHODS The complete annuli of 43 patients with CAVC were modeled in 4 cardiac phases using transthoracic 3D echocardiograms and custom code. The annular structure was compared with the annuli of 20 normal pediatric mitral valves using 3D metrics and statistical shape analysis (Procrustes analysis). RESULTS The unrepaired CAVC annulus varied in shape significantly throughout the cardiac cycle. Procrustes analysis visually demonstrated that the average normalized CAVC annular shape is more planar than the normal mitral annulus. Quantitatively, the annular height-to-valve width ratio of the native left CAVC atrioventricular valve was significantly lower than that of a normal mitral valve in all systolic phases (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The left half of the CAVC annulus is more planar than that of a normal mitral valve with an annular height-to-valve width ratio similar to dysfunctional mitral valves. Given the known importance of annular shape to mitral valve function, further exploration of the association of 3D structure to valve function in CAVC is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah H Nam
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Patrick V Dinh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andras Lasso
- Laboratory for Percutaneous Surgery, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christian Herz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Adriana Posada
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ahmed H Aly
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alison M Pouch
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Saleha Kabir
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease, Evelina London Children's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Simpson
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease, Evelina London Children's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew C Glatz
- Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David M Harrild
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gerald Marx
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gabor Fichtinger
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Meryl S Cohen
- Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew A Jolley
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Ambara GS, Gunawijaya E, Yantie NPVK. C94. The characteristics and outcome of pediatric patients with congenital heart disease ( CHD) infected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) between march 2020 to february 2021 at sanglah hospital: a case series of 12 patients. Eur Heart J Suppl 2021. [PMCID: PMC8690095 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suab124.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a complex connection to cardiovascular system. COVID-19 infection has been proven to cause significant dysfunction in lung, heart, and endothelial cells. Therefore, patients with complex congenital heart lesions have a high risk of developing severe complications and worse outcomes. This paper aims to determine the characteristics and outcome of pediatric congenital heart disease (CHD) patients infected by COVID-19 at Sanglah hospital. Case Summary Within the period of March 2020 to February 2021, there were 12 cases of pediatric CHD accompanied by COVID-19 infection, which consists of 8 females and 4 males within the age of 6 days to 18 years. Based upon symptomatic CHD classification, there were 4 cyanotic CHD cases and 1 acyanotic case, respiratory problems were reported in all 5 cases. These are pneumonia in 4 cases and respiratory distress caused by hyaline membrane disease (HMD) in 1 case. 2 cases require mechanical ventilation. The outcome of all inpatient cases were favorable. Discussion To date, there are only few scientific evidence detailing how COVID-19 affects CHD. We were unable to calculate the correlation analysis since the population sample was too small. The most severe cases that requires mechanical ventilation had comorbidities in the form of malnutrition and down syndrome. From the perspective of pathophysiology, one of the most important factor determining outcome was the severity of CHD itself. Other contributing factors were COVID-19’s destructive effect on heart tissue and co-infection by other microorganism.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Ambara
- Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia,Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | - E Gunawijaya
- Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia,Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Sanglah Hospital, Indonesia
| | - N P V K Yantie
- Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia,Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Sanglah Hospital, Indonesia
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Fang XQ, Zhang H, Zhou JM. Angiography in pediatric patients: Measurement and estimation of femoral vessel diameter. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21486. [PMID: 32756177 PMCID: PMC7402885 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The diameter of femoral vessels was angiographically explored in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) and compared with anthropometric and demographic indexes.A total of 153 pediatric patients younger than 3 years old were recruited. The sex, age, weight, and height of patients were recorded daily, and the body surface area (BSA) was calculated with the Mosteller formula.The values of mean left-right diameters were 3.13 (0.32) mm for the femoral artery (FA) and 5.14 (0.68) mm for the femoral vein (FV). The FA diameter (FA-Dm) and FV diameter (FV-Dm) were clearly related (R = 0.84, P < .001), and the FA-Dm/FV-Dm ratio ranged from 0.61 to 0.622. The diameters of femoral vessels were significantly correlated with age, height, weight and BSA (R = 0.63 to 0.73, P < .001). The FA-Dm and FV-Dm were most closely associated with the height of patients (FA-Dm: R = 0.73, P < .001; FV-Dm: R = 0.69, P < .001).The FV-Dm and FA-Dm were consistent with the weight, height, age and BSA in the surveyed pediatric patients. The FA-Dm and FV-Dm were closely associated with the height of pediatric patients. Furthermore, the FA-Dm/FV-Dm ratio was stable in these patients. Such estimations could help clinicians select the appropriate diameter of cannulation needles and catheters for interventional therapy pediatric patients with CHD.
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Lu WH, Zhang WQ, Zhao YJ, Gao YT, Tao N, Ma YT, Liu JW, Wulasihan M. Case-Control Study on the Interaction Effects of rs10757278 Polymorphisms at 9p21 Locus and Traditional Risk Factors on Coronary Heart Disease in Xinjiang, China. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2020; 75:439-445. [PMID: 32079855 PMCID: PMC7249490 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the interaction effects of rs10757278 polymorphisms at 9p21 locus and traditional risk factors on coronary heart disease (CHD) in Xinjiang, China. METHODS This case-control study consecutively enrolled 310 unrelated consecutive CHD patients aged 18-70 years old. All study participants were recruited between January and December 2017 from The Heart Center of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. CHD patients were confirmed by coronary angiography (≥50% diameter stenosis in at least one of the major coronary arteries) according to the American Heart Association criteria for the confirmation of CHD. Healthy subjects were randomly selected from the occupational population, who received physical examination in our hospital and matched to cases on the basis of age (±3 years) and sex, those without medical history of cardiovascular diseases, and 536 subjects were selected as the control group after medical history inquiry, physical examination, cardiac ultrasound, electrocardiogram, and other blood biochemical examinations in the hospital. The occupational stress was evaluated by an effort-reward imbalance questionnaire. An epidemiological survey was conducted to collect clinical data. Chi-squared test, analysis of variance, and binary logistic regression analysis were adopted. RESULTS Both the case and the control groups showed significant difference in smoking, drinking, physical activity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, family history of CHD, and body mass index (BMI) (all P < 0.05); prevalence of CHD was not related to occupational stress. There was no significant difference in occupational stress level between the 2 groups (P > 0.05); Differences in rs10757278 genotype between the case group and the control groups were statistically significant; binary logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors of CHD. After adjustment for age and sex, significant increased risk effects for CHD were found to be associated with smoking [odds ratio (OR) = 2.311; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04-2.499; P < 0.001], physical exercise (OR = 1.365; 95% CI: 1.137-1.639; P < 0.001), hypertension (OR = 4.627; 95% CI: 2.165-10.764; P < 0.001), family history of CHD (OR = 4.103; 95% CI: 3.169-6.892; P < 0.001), BMI (OR = 2.484; 95% CI: 2.036-3.03; P < 0.001), and GG genotype at rs10757278 (OR = 1.978; 95% CI: 1.413-2.769; P < 0.001); We noted that a significant interaction association between GG genotype at rs10757278 and CHD differs across categories of smoking, hypertension, family history of CHD, and BMI. CONCLUSION GG genotype at rs10757278 may be a risk factor for CHD. And there are interaction effects between GG genotype of rs10757278 in region 9p21 gene and traditional risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Hong Lu
- Department of Medical Record Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Wen-Qian Zhang
- College of Public Health, Xiniiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yun-Juan Zhao
- Basic Medical College, Xiniiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Ya-Ting Gao
- Third Clinical School of Medicine of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Ning Tao
- College of Public Health, Xiniiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yi-Tong Ma
- Cardiovascular Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China; and
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Heart Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Ji-Wen Liu
- College of Public Health, Xiniiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Muhuyati Wulasihan
- Cardiovascular Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China; and
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Hong L, Jiang YF, Chen M, Zhang NN, Yang HJ, Rui Q, Zhou YF. Role of SH2B3 R262W gene polymorphism and risk of coronary heart disease: A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e13436. [PMID: 30508957 PMCID: PMC6283144 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More susceptibility genes have been proved to be associated with coronary heart disease (CHD). The goal of our study is to evaluate the association between the R262W polymorphism of SH2B3 gene and risk of CHD. METHODS A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, and WanFang databases up to March of 2018. The data of individual study were individually performed by 2 reviewers. The meta-analysis was performed by Stata software and expressed by the pooled odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI), which were calculated by specific model according to heterogeneity. RESULTS Our research was based on 12 studies involving 25,845 patients and 68,910 healthy controls. Significant association between the variant R262W and CHD were found in overall populations (OR = 1.12, 95%CI = 1.09-1.15, P = .389, I = 5.4%), but not found in Asian (OR = 1.05, 95%CI = 0.98-1.12, I = 0.0%) in subgroup analysis by ethnicity. In another subgroup analysis, when classified into CHD and myocardial infarction (MI), there was a significance association between R262W and CHD (OR = 1.11,95% CI = 1.07-1.15, I = 13.5%) and MI (OR = 1.13, 95%CI = 1.08-1.18, I = 0.0%). The Begg's funnel plot revealed no significant publication bias. CONCLUSIONS The R262W polymorphism is associated with risk of CHD or MI in Europeans, but not in Asians.
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Chen M, Jiang YF, Zhang NN, Yang HJ, Xu LB, Rui Q, Sun SJ, Yao JL, Zhou YF. Association between chemokine CXC ligand 12 gene polymorphism (rs1746048) and coronary heart disease: A MOOSE-compliant meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7179. [PMID: 28614256 PMCID: PMC5478341 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently a large number of investigations have implicated the association between the chemokine CXC ligand 12 gene polymorphism (rs1746048) and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), but the results remain debatable. The aim of our study was to provide more compelling evidence for the relationship between rs1746048 and CHD risk. Studies eligible for this meta-analysis were identified through electronic search of PubMed, EMBASE, and CNKI. Two authors performed independent literature review and study quality assessment by using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale checklist. The odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled in a specific genetic model to assess the association. The meta-analysis of 48,852 patients and 64,386 controls from 12 studies showed that patients with rs1746048 had 1.11 times of high risk in developing CHD (OR = 1.11; 95% CI = 1.09-1.14; P < .005; I = 35.8%). The increased risk of CHD was also found in both Asian (OR = 1.07; 95%CI = 1.02-1.12; P < .005; I = 40.6%) and Caucasian populations (OR = 1.14; 95% CI = 1.10-1.18; P < .005; I = 22.2%). The results of our meta-analysis suggested that chemokine CXC ligand 12 gene polymorphism (rs1746048) may be linked with susceptibility to CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
| | - Yu-Feng Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
| | - Nan-Nan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
| | - Hua-Jia Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
| | - Lang-Biao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
| | - Qing Rui
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
| | - Si-Jia Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
| | - Jia-Lu Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ya-Feng Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
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Chen Q, Cao H, Chen ZY, Zhang GC, Chen LW, Xu F, He JJ. Comparative study of the transcatheter and transthoracic device closure treatments for atrial septal defect: A Chinese single-institution experience. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6316. [PMID: 28296745 PMCID: PMC5369900 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare patient populations, safety, feasibility, complications, and total costs of the transcatheter and transthoracic device closure treatments for secundum atrial septal defect.From January 2014 to December 2014, we enrolled 155 patients with secundum atrial septal defects in our hospital. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the 70 patients in group A underwent transcatheter device closure, and the 85 patients in group B underwent transthoracic intraoperative device closure with a right lateral mini-thoracotomy.In group A, the total occlusion rate was 94.3% immediately after the operation, 100% at 3 months, and 100% at 12 months of follow-up; the group A results were not statistically different from the group B results (94.1%, 98.8%, 98.8%, respectively). There was a statistically significant difference in the minor complication rate (P < 0.05), and there were no reported deaths. There was a greater indicated scope using the transthoracic closure device to treat atrial septal defects. In our comparative study, the patients in group B had longer intensive care unit stays and hospital stays than group A (P < 0.05).Both of the device closure treatment options for secundum atrial septal defect are safe and feasible. The transcatheter device closure approach has the advantages of more cosmetic results, less trauma, and a shorter hospital stay than the transthoracic approach. On the contrary, the transthoracic closure device is an economical alternative choice, particularly for patients who are not eligible for the transcatheter closure device.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hua Cao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery
| | - Zhao-yang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | | | | | - Fan Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery
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Abstract
The present study investigated the feasibility of totally transthoracic echocardiography-guided percutaneous device occlusion of atrial septal defects (ASDs) without using x-ray equipment.Between September and December 2014, we performed totally transthoracic echocardiography-guided percutaneous device occlusion for 20 patients with secundum ASD without using x-ray equipment. We carried out percutaneous femoral vein puncture, used a specialized delivery sheath during operation, and closed the ASD by releasing an occluder.All 20 patients experienced successful occlusion and smoothly went through the perioperative period. The average procedure time ranged from 30 to 40 minutes (32.4 ± 3.5 minutes), and the size of the implanted occluder ranged from 20 to 38 mm (25.4 ± 5.8 mm). No occluder displacements, residual fistula, or thrombus-related complications after the procedure. There was no clinical death, no arrhythmia, no hemolysis, no infection, or embolism during patients' hospitalization and the follow-up period.Totally transthoracic echocardiography-guided percutaneous device occlusion of ASDs without the use of x-ray equipment may be safe and feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Cao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
- Correspondence: Hua Cao, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, P. R. China, (e-mail: )
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Shively CA, Register TC, Appt SE, Clarkson TB. Effects of long-term sertraline treatment and depression on coronary artery atherosclerosis in premenopausal female primates. Psychosom Med 2015; 77:267-78. [PMID: 25829239 DOI: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Major depressive disorder and coronary heart disease often co-occur in the same individuals. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are widely prescribed for depression and other disorders, but their effects on coronary heart disease risk remain unclear. We determined the effects of an SSRI on coronary artery atherosclerosis (CAA) in an established nonhuman primate model used to clarify the association between depression and CAA. METHODS Forty-two adult female cynomolgus macaques consuming a Western diet were characterized during an 18-month pretreatment phase and assigned to SSRI (sertraline hydrochloride 20 mg/kg, per os, once a day) or placebo balanced on pretreatment depression, body weight (BW), and iliac artery atherosclerosis extent measured via biopsy. After 18 months, CAA extent was measured using histomorphometry. RESULTS Before and during treatment, depressed monkeys had lower BW, body mass index, and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and higher heart rates during the pretreatment (p < .01) but not the treatment phase (p = .17). There were no pretreatment differences between the sertraline and placebo groups. Sertraline reduced anxious behavior but had no effect on BW, body mass index, heart rate, plasma lipids, or depression. CAA, analyzed by a 2 (depressed, nondepressed) × 2 (placebo, sertraline) × 3 (coronary arteries) analysis of covariance adjusted for pretreatment iliac atherosclerosis, was greater in depressed than in nondepressed monkeys (p < .036), and in sertraline than in placebo-treated monkeys (p = .040). The observed CAA extent in depressed monkeys treated with sertraline was 4.9 times higher than that in untreated depressed monkeys, and 6.5 times higher than that in nondepressed monkeys, on average. CONCLUSIONS Depressed animals developed more CAA, and long-term treatment with sertraline resulted in more extensive CAA.
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Nathan M, Sleeper LA, Ohye RG, Frommelt PC, Caldarone CA, Tweddell JS, Lu M, Pearson GD, Gaynor JW, Pizarro C, Williams IA, Colan SD, Dunbar-Masterson C, Gruber PJ, Hill K, Hirsch-Romano J, Jacobs JP, Kaltman JR, Kumar SR, Morales D, Bradley SM, Kanter K, Newburger JW. Technical performance score is associated with outcomes after the Norwood procedure. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014; 148:2208-13, 2214.e1-6. [PMID: 25037617 PMCID: PMC4253672 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2014.05.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The technical performance score (TPS) has been reported in a single center study to predict the outcomes after congenital cardiac surgery. We sought to determine the association of the TPS with outcomes in patients undergoing the Norwood procedure in the Single Ventricle Reconstruction trial. METHODS We calculated the TPS (class 1, optimal; class 2, adequate; class 3, inadequate) according to the predischarge echocardiograms analyzed in a core laboratory and unplanned reinterventions that occurred before discharge from the Norwood hospitalization. Multivariable regression examined the association of the TPS with interval to first extubation, Norwood length of stay, death or transplantation, unplanned postdischarge reinterventions, and neurodevelopment at 14 months old. RESULTS Of 549 patients undergoing a Norwood procedure, 356 (65%) had an echocardiogram adequate to assess atrial septal restriction or arch obstruction or an unplanned reintervention, enabling calculation of the TPS. On multivariable regression, adjusting for preoperative variables, a better TPS was an independent predictor of a shorter interval to first extubation (P=.019), better transplant-free survival before Norwood discharge (P<.001; odds ratio, 9.1 for inadequate vs optimal), shorter hospital length of stay (P<.001), fewer unplanned reinterventions between Norwood discharge and stage II (P=.004), and a higher Bayley II psychomotor development index at 14 months (P=.031). The TPS was not associated with transplant-free survival after Norwood discharge, unplanned reinterventions after stage II, or the Bayley II mental development index at 14 months. CONCLUSIONS TPS is an independent predictor of important outcomes after Norwood and could serve as a tool for quality improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meena Nathan
- Children's Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
| | | | | | - Peter C Frommelt
- Children's Hospital of Wisconsin and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wis
| | | | - James S Tweddell
- Children's Hospital of Wisconsin and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wis
| | - Minmin Lu
- New England Research Institutes, Watertown, Mass
| | - Gail D Pearson
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - J William Gaynor
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania Medical School, Philadelphia, Pa
| | | | - Ismee A Williams
- Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital of NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, NY
| | - Steven D Colan
- Children's Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; New England Research Institutes, Watertown, Mass
| | | | - Peter J Gruber
- University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | | | | | - Jeffrey P Jacobs
- Johns Hopkins All Children's Heart Institute, St Petersburg, Fla
| | - Jonathan R Kaltman
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - S Ram Kumar
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - David Morales
- Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | | | - Jane W Newburger
- Children's Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
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Meseri R, Ucku R, Unal B. Waist:height ratio: a superior index in estimating cardiovascular risks in Turkish adults. Public Health Nutr 2014; 17:2246-52. [PMID: 24103435 PMCID: PMC10282623 DOI: 10.1017/s136898001300267x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the best anthropometric measurement among waist: height ratio (WHtR), BMI, waist:hip ratio (WHR) and waist circumference (WC) associated with high CHD risk in adults and to define the optimal cut-off point for WHtR. DESIGN Population-based cross-sectional study. SETTING Balcova, Izmir, Turkey. SUBJECTS Individuals (n 10 878) who participated in the baseline survey of the Heart of Balcova Project. For each participant, 10-year coronary event risk (Framingham risk score) was calculated using data on age, sex, smoking status, blood pressure, serum lipids and diabetes status. Participants who had risk higher than 10 % were defined as 'medium or high risk'. RESULTS Among the participants, 67·7% were female, 38·2% were obese, 24·5% had high blood pressure, 9·2% had diabetes, 1·5% had undiagnosed diabetes (≥126 mg/dl), 22·0% had high total cholesterol and 45·9% had low HDL-cholesterol. According to Framingham risk score, 32·7% of them had a risk score higher than 10 %. Those who had medium or high risk had significantly higher mean BMI, WHtR, WHR and WC compared with those at low risk. According to receiver-operating characteristic curves, WHtR was the best and BMI was the worst indicator of CHD risk for both sexes. For both men and women, 0·55 was the optimal cut-off point for WHtR for CHD risk. CONCLUSIONS BMI should not be used alone for evaluating obesity when estimating cardiometabolic risks. WHtR was found to be a successful measurement for determining cardiovascular risks. A cut-off point of '0·5' can be used for categorizing WHtR in order to target people at high CHD risk for preventive actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reci Meseri
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Izmir Ataturk School of Health, Ege University, Bornova, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Reyhan Ucku
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Dokuz Eylul University, Narlidere, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Belgin Unal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Dokuz Eylul University, Narlidere, Izmir, Turkey
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Reiner M, Niermann C, Jekauc D, Woll A. Long-term health benefits of physical activity--a systematic review of longitudinal studies. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:813. [PMID: 24010994 PMCID: PMC3847225 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 652] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment of noncommunicable diseases (NCD), like coronary heart disease or type 2 diabetes mellitus, causes rising costs for the health system. Physical activity is supposed to reduce the risk for these diseases. Results of cross-sectional studies showed that physical activity is associated with better health, and that physical activity could prevent the development of these diseases. The purpose of this review is to summarize existing evidence for the long-term (>5 years) relationship between physical activity and weight gain, obesity, coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease and dementia. METHODS Fifteen longitudinal studies with at least 5-year follow up times and a total of 288,724 subjects (>500 participants in each study), aged between 18 and 85 years, were identified using digital databases. Only studies published in English, about healthy adults at baseline, intentional physical activity and the listed NCDs were included. RESULTS The results of these studies show that physical activity appears to have a positive long-term influence on all selected diseases. CONCLUSIONS This review revealed a paucity of long-term studies on the relationship between physical activity and the incidence of NCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Reiner
- Institute of Sport and Sport Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte Ring 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christina Niermann
- Institute of Sport Science. University of Konstanz, Universitätsstr. 10, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Darko Jekauc
- Institute of Sport Science. University of Konstanz, Universitätsstr. 10, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Alexander Woll
- Institute of Sport and Sport Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte Ring 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Abstract
Multiple factors including unhealthy living habits influence the life-maintaining functions of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and induce ER stress and metabolic abnormalities. The ER responds to the disturbances by activating mechanisms that increase the capacity to eliminate ER stress. This article elucidates the effects of ER activation that eliminates both ER stress and associated cardiovascular, type 2 diabetic (DM2), and other metabolic diseases. ER-activating compounds eliminate ER stress by lowering elevated cholesterol, regress atherosclerosis, decrease cardiovascular mortality, reduce blood glucose and insulin, and, together with the normalization of glucose-insulin homeostasis, remove insulin resistance, pancreatic β-cell failure, and DM2. A deficient cytochrome P450 activity in hepatic ER leads to cholesterol accumulation that induces stress and xanthoma formation, whereas P450-activating therapy up-regulates apolipoprotein AI and LDLR genes, down-regulates apolipoprotein B gene, and produces an antiatherogenic plasma lipoprotein profile. The ER activation reduces the stress also by eliminating hepatic fat and converting saturated fatty acids (FAs) to unsaturated FAs. Cognitive processes require gene expression modification, and preclinical studies indicate that ER-activating therapy improves cognition. Promotion of healthy lifestyle choices and indicated therapies are key factors in the prevention and elimination of ER stress and associated global health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauli V. Luoma
- Institute of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Finland
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Banka P, McElhinney DB, Bacha EA, Mayer JE Jr, Gauvreau K, Geva T, Brown DW. What is the clinical utility of routine cardiac catheterization before a Fontan operation? Pediatr Cardiol 2010; 31:977-85. [PMID: 20503042 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-010-9736-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Patients with single-ventricle circulation presenting for Fontan completion routinely undergo cardiac catheterization despite ongoing debate concerning its additive value. Increasing interest in noninvasive preoperative evaluation alone led the authors to analyze the utility of routine pre-Fontan catheterization and to determine whether a subset of patients could avoid this invasive procedure. Patients younger than 5 years referred for pre-Fontan evaluation were retrospectively reviewed. Medical records and catheter angiograms were examined, and catheterizations were categorized as "additive" based on predetermined criteria. Associations between precatheterization variables, catheterization findings, and short-term postoperative outcomes were evaluated. Cardiac catheterization was clinically nonadditive for 89 of 175 patients undergoing pre-Fontan evaluation (51%). There were no robust precatheterization predictors of a nonadditive catheterization. Echocardiography did not fully demonstrate the relevant anatomy of 115 patients (66%), most frequently due to inadequate visualization of the pulmonary arteries, and 22 patients had additive catheterizations due to new diagnostic findings alone. Interventions at catheterization were frequent and deemed "important" for 64 patients (37%). Catheterization hemodynamic data were not associated with early postoperative outcomes. Minor catheterization complications occurred for 51 patients (29%) and major complications for 4 patients (2%). Although at least 50% of the patients presenting for Fontan completion may be able to avoid routine catheterization safely, an echocardiography-based imaging strategy alone is insufficient to allow proper identification of those who could be evaluated noninvasively. A more comprehensive imaging strategy not based solely on echocardiography should be considered.
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Virtanen M, Ferrie JE, Singh-Manoux A, Shipley MJ, Vahtera J, Marmot MG, Kivimäki M. Overtime work and incident coronary heart disease: the Whitehall II prospective cohort study. Eur Heart J 2010; 31:1737-44. [PMID: 20460389 PMCID: PMC2903713 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehq124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2009] [Revised: 03/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To examine the association between overtime work and incident coronary heart disease (CHD) among middle-aged employees. METHODS AND RESULTS Six thousand and fourteen British civil servants (4262 men and 1752 women), aged 39-61 years who were free from CHD and worked full time at baseline (1991-1994), were followed until 2002-2004, an average of 11 years. The outcome measure was incident fatal CHD, clinically verified incident non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), or definite angina (a total of 369 events). Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics showed that 3-4 h overtime work per day was associated with 1.60-fold (95% CI 1.15-2.23) increased risk of incident CHD compared with employees with no overtime work. Adjustment for all 21 cardiovascular risk factors measured made little difference to these estimates (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.11-2.19). This association was replicated in multivariate analysis with only fatal cardiovascular disease and incident non-fatal MI as the outcome (HR 1.67, 95% CI 1.02-2.76). CONCLUSION Overtime work is related to increased risk of incident CHD independently of conventional risk factors. These findings suggest that overtime work adversely affects coronary health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Virtanen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Centre of Expertise for Work Organizations, Topeliuksenkatu 41 aA, FIN-00250 Helsinki, Finland.
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Elovainio M, Pulkki-Råback L, Kivimäki M, Jokela M, Viikari J, Raitakari OT, Telama R, Keltikangas-Järvinen L. Lipid trajectories as predictors of depressive symptoms: the Young Finns Study. Health Psychol 2010; 29:237-45. [PMID: 20496976 PMCID: PMC3319303 DOI: 10.1037/a0018875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify common trajectories of lipid levels across childhood and early adulthood life span. DESIGN The sample was a subpopulation of 824 young adults (3 to 9 years of age at baseline in 1980) of the ongoing population-based prospective Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Lipid levels were determined in 1980, 1983, 1986, and 2001. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Depressive symptoms were assessed using a modified version of Beck's Depression Inventory (Beck, 1967) in 1992 and 2001. RESULTS The 2 triglycerides trajectories (steeply vs. moderately increasing) were differently related to depressive symptoms in adulthood. The trajectory showing steep increase over time was associated with higher level of depressive symptoms (M 2.18, 95% CI [2.08, 2.28] vs. 1.99, [1.95, 2.04]). This relationship persisted after adjustments for various risk factors. These triglycerides trajectories accounted for part of the association between high body mass index and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION A pattern of steeply increasing triglyceride levels throughout childhood and adulthood may be associated with increased the risk of depressive symptoms in adulthood. This pattern may also be one link between obesity and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Elovainio
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, and Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Volcik KA, Ballantyne CM, Hoogeveen R, Folsom AR, Boerwinkle E. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 G241R polymorphism predicts risk of incident ischemic stroke: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Stroke 2010; 41:1038-40. [PMID: 20360547 PMCID: PMC3036988 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.109.575563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose ICAM-1 levels are increased in pathological studies of atherosclerosis. We evaluated 13,491 participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study to determine the association of ICAM-1 G241R and K469E polymorphisms with incident CHD and ischemic stroke. Methods Incidences of ischemic stroke (N=517) and CHD (N=1,629) through 2003 were determined by annual telephone calls and hospital and death certificate surveillance. Risk factors were measured at the baseline exam. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate HRRs. Results The ICAM-1 G241RR genotype was associated with significantly increased risk of ischemic stroke in both whites (HRR=2.18(1.01-4.68), P=0.05) and African Americans (HRR=7.04(3.72-13.3), P<0.001). Conclusions The ICAM-1 241RR genotype is associated with increased risk of incident ischemic stroke in both whites and African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A. Volcik
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX
| | - Christie M. Ballantyne
- Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Methodist DeBakey Heart Center and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Ron Hoogeveen
- Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Methodist DeBakey Heart Center and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Aaron R. Folsom
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX
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Li R, O'Sullivan MJ, Robinson J, Safford MM, Curb D, Johnson KC. Family history of myocardial infarction predicts incident coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women with diabetes: the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2009; 25:725-32. [PMID: 19780066 PMCID: PMC4478605 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.1010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) but CHD does not occur in all diabetic individuals. The goal of this study was to assess the relationship between family history of myocardial infarction (MI) and incident CHD in diabetic postmenopausal women. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study among 2642 diabetic postmenopausal women without CHD at baseline in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. Family history was defined as a proband report of MI in first-degree relatives. Incident CHD was defined as non-fatal MI, coronary revascularization, or CHD death. RESULTS During 7.3 ( +/- 1.8) years of follow-up, 14.3% of the participants had incident CHD. The risk of incident CHD was 50% higher (HR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.20-1.87, p = 0.0003) in those with a family history of an MI in at least one first-degree relative, and 79% higher (HR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.36-2.35, P < 0.0001) if two or more first-degree relatives had an MI, compared to participants without a family history, after adjustment for covariates. The CHD risk increased with elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) (HR = 1.01, 95% CI: 1.003-1.02, p = 0.001) but decreased with elevated diastolic BP (HR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97-0.999, p = 0.005) and with two or more episodes per week of physical activity (HR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.52-0.93, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that a family history of MI predicts CHD in diabetic postmenopausal women. Close attention should be paid to BP control and physical activity in these women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongling Li
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Amin P, Levi DS, Likes M, Laks H. Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum causing severe left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. Pediatr Cardiol 2009; 30:851-4. [PMID: 19365655 PMCID: PMC2715465 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-009-9438-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2009] [Accepted: 03/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We describe an infant with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum (PAIVS) and severe left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction secondary to a suprasystemic right ventricle causing leftward displacement of the interventricular septum. Imaging demonstrated an aneurysmal dilation at the base of the proximal main pulmonary artery (MPA) with no forward flow from the right ventricle. During transannular patch and central shunt placement, the communication between the pulmonary artery and the right ventricle was enlarged to ensure adequate decompression. We report this successful palliation and resulting complete elimination of the LVOT obstruction in a very unique presentation of PAIVS in a newborn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payal Amin
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Mattel Children’s Hospital at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1743 USA
| | - Daniel S. Levi
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Mattel Children’s Hospital at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1743 USA
| | - Maggie Likes
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Mattel Children’s Hospital at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1743 USA
| | - Hillel Laks
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mattel Children’s Hospital at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1743 USA
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Raffini L, Schwed A, Zheng XL, Tanzer M, Nicolson S, Gaynor JW, Jobes D. Thromboelastography of patients after fontan compared with healthy children. Pediatr Cardiol 2009; 30:771-6. [PMID: 19357907 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-009-9434-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2009] [Revised: 02/03/2009] [Accepted: 03/11/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Patients who have undergone a Fontan procedure face an increased risk for thromboembolic complications. This study aimed to evaluate whether thromboelastography, a global whole-blood assay of coagulation, can be used to detect hypercoagulability in pediatric Fontan patients compared with healthy children. This prospective, cross-sectional study investigated 25 Fontan patients and 51 healthy children in three age groups: 1-5 years, 6-10 years, and 11-16 years. Kaolin-activated thromboelastography was performed on citrated samples. No statistically significant differences in thromboelastography parameters were found among the different age groups of the 51 healthy children. None of the 25 Fontan patients demonstrated evidence of hypercoagulability on thromboelastography (95% confidence interval, 0-7%), as defined by two standard deviations above or below the normal mean. The findings suggest that the percentage of Fontan patients demonstrating hypercoagulability on thromboelastography is substantially lower than the reported incidence of thromboembolic complications. Whether thromboelastography could be helpful in predicting patients at increased risk for thromboembolic complications or not still is not known. Further studies comparing the thromboelastography of Fontan patients with the thromboembolic complications of those without Fontan are needed to delineate these issues.
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Abstract
Prof. Donahoe outlines her career-long interest in congenital diaphragmatic hernia and how this has led to her current investigations into its etiology and possible treatment using gene probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia K Donahoe
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine depressive behavior and early coronary artery atherogenesis in 36 socially housed female cynomolgus monkeys, an established model of atherogenesis and depression. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is caused by coronary artery atherosclerosis (CAA) and its sequelae which develop over a period of decades. Thus, in prospective studies of depression and CHD, CAA was likely present at baseline in most subjects who experienced cardiac events. Little is known about the relationship between depression and CAA. METHODS The monkeys were free of atherosclerosis before being fed a diet containing moderate amounts of fat and cholesterol for 52 months. Depressed behavior and activity levels recorded in weekly 15-minute focal samples, telemetered 24-hour heart rate, plasma total (TPC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), luteal phase serum progesterone concentrations, basal cortisol, cortisol response to corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH), and CAA extent were assessed. RESULTS Time spent in depressed behavior over 4 years was significantly associated with early CAA (r = .73, p < .001), as were activity level, 24-hour heart rate, TPC, HDLC, cortisol response to CRH, and mean peak progesterone (all p < or = 0.05). Depressed females had four times the CAA compared with nondepressed females. CONCLUSIONS Depression in primates is associated with perturbations in multiple CHD risk factors and accelerated early atherogenesis. These data are consistent with the hypotheses that depression and CAA both stem from a common mechanism and that depression may cause CAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Shively
- Department of Pathology/Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1040, USA.
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Soedamah-Muthu SS, Chaturvedi N, Pickup JC, Fuller JH. Relationship between plasma sialic acid and fibrinogen concentration and incident micro- and macrovascular complications in type 1 diabetes. The EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study (PCS). Diabetologia 2008; 51:493-501. [PMID: 18183363 PMCID: PMC2668586 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-007-0905-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2007] [Accepted: 11/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Type 1 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of vascular complications. This increased risk could be explained by sialic acid and/or fibrinogen. It is also not clear what explains the abolition of sex-related differences affecting risk of CHD in the presence of type 1 diabetes. Therefore, we examined whether fibrinogen and sialic acid are related to incident micro- and macrovascular complications in patients with type 1 diabetes. METHODS A subset (n=2329) of the EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study was analysed. Sialic acid and fibrinogen concentrations were measured at baseline. The main outcomes after 7 years were development of albuminuria, retinopathy, neuropathy and CHD. RESULTS Univariable and multivariable models using Cox proportional survival analyses showed that an SD unit increase in sialic acid and fibrinogen levels was significantly associated with CHD in men only. Adjusted standardised hazard ratios (sHRs) were 1.50 (95% CI 1.05-2.15) and 1.40 (95% CI 1.06-1.86) for sialic acid and fibrinogen, respectively. Initial associations between (1) sialic acid and incident retinopathy [standardised odds ratio (sOR) men 1.68, 95% CI 1.10-2.57], (2) fibrinogen and retinopathy (sOR women 1.37, 95% CI 1.06-1.78) and (3) sialic acid and neuropathy (sOR men 1.37, 95% CI 1.06-1.77) were shown, but became non-significant in multivariable models. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Sialic acid and fibrinogen are strong predictors of CHD in men with type 1 diabetes, beyond the effect of established risk factors. The associations found with microvascular complications were not independent of other risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Soedamah-Muthu
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Huispostnr str. 6.131, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a common cardiac defect found in infants and children. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, our understanding of the causative mechanism and etiology of CHD is limited. To determine the genetic etiology of CHD, we selected 11 consecutive short tandem-repeat polymorphic (STRP) markers located in the interval of the 22q11.2 region to perform genotype analysis on a large number of CHD patients (>120) and their normal relatives (>220). The results show that as regards the distribution of allelic size and frequency of these STRP markers, there were no significant differences between the CHD patients and the normal volunteers. This indicates that there is no linkage disequilibrium with these markers in CHD. In the level of heterozygosity for each marker in nonsyndromic CHD and conotruncal heart defect (CTD), there were no significant differences between the two populations. In syndromic CHD, the level of heterozygosity for D22S1648 was significantly lower than that observed in the unaffected population (chi(2) = 11.25; P = 0.001). This suggests that there may be a deletion at the D22S1648 locus, and the low heterozygosity of D22S1648 indicates that this marker can be used as a genetic marker for detecting microdeletions in 22q11.2. With the use of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) performed on syndromic patients, we confirmed the molecular results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐Ru Shi
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kai‐Sheng Hsieh
- Department of Pediatrics, Veterans General Hospital, Haohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jer‐Yuarn Wu
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Medical Genetics, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng‐Chun Lee
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Neurology, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chang‐Hai Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Pediatrics, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming‐Tseng Yu
- Medical Genetics, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Fuu‐Jen Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Pediatrics, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Medical Genetics, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Abstract
AIMS There is controversy regarding the potential antioxidant effect of captopril, therefore this study was performed to compare the in vitro antioxidant power of captopril with other angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. METHODS Antioxidant power of captopril, enalapril, fosinopril, perindopril, quinapril and ramipril in aqueous solution was measured using the ferric reducing (antioxidant) power (FRAP) assay; captopril was also measured in ethanolic solution. RESULTS Only captopril showed significant antioxidant power, demonstrating a stoichiometric factor of 1.0 in this assay. Concentration-related antioxidant power was seen in both aqueous and ethanolic solutions. CONCLUSIONS Captopril shows antioxidant activity in vitro. This property could be relevant in vivo if captopril is concentrated in membranes, lipoproteins or at other important sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- I F Benzie
- Department of Nursing & Health Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon
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