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García Viñado I, Correa F, Trevisi P, Bee G, Ollagnier C. A non-invasive tool to collect small intestine content in post weaning pigs: validation study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9964. [PMID: 38693207 PMCID: PMC11063154 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59950-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The Capsule for Sampling (CapSa) is an ingestible capsule that collects small intestine content while transiting through the natural digestive pathway. In this study, 14 Swiss Large White pigs weighing less than 12 kg (Category < 12 kg) and 12 weighing between 12 and 20 kg (Category [12-20 kg]) were given two CapSas and monitored for three days. The animals were euthanized for post-mortem sampling, allowing us to directly obtain gut microbiota samples from the gastrointestinal tract. This post-mortem approach enabled a direct comparison between the microbial content from the gut and the samples collected via the CapSas, and it also facilitated precise identification of the CapSas' sampling sites within the gastrointestinal tract. For the category under 12 kg, only 2.3% of the administered CapSas were recovered from the feces. In contrast, in the 12-20 kg category, 62.5% of the CapSas were successfully retrieved from the feces within 48 h. Of these recovered CapSas, 73.3%-equating to 11 capsules from eight pigs-had a pH > 5.5 and were therefore selected for microbiome analysis. Bacterial composition of the CapSas was compared with that of the three segments of the small intestine, the large intestine and feces of the corresponding pig. The results were tested using a PERMANOVA model (Adonis) including sample type as a factor, and then pairwise comparisons were made. The bacterial composition found in the CapSas differed from that of the large intestine and feces (P < 0.01), while it did not differ from the first segment of the small intestine (P > 0.10). This study provides evidence that the CapSa effectively samples the intestinal microbiota from the upper section of the small intestine in post-weaning pigs. Furthermore, it was found that the collection of CapSas could only be successfully achieved in pigs classified within the heavier weight category.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés García Viñado
- Pig Research Unit, Agroscope, 1725, Posieux, Switzerland
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federico Correa
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Trevisi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bee
- Pig Research Unit, Agroscope, 1725, Posieux, Switzerland
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Talapko J, Talapko D, Katalinić D, Kotris I, Erić I, Belić D, Vasilj Mihaljević M, Vasilj A, Erić S, Flam J, Bekić S, Matić S, Škrlec I. Health Effects of Ionizing Radiation on the Human Body. Medicina (Kaunas) 2024; 60:653. [PMID: 38674299 PMCID: PMC11052428 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Radioactivity is a process in which the nuclei of unstable atoms spontaneously decay, producing other nuclei and releasing energy in the form of ionizing radiation in the form of alpha (α) and beta (β) particles as well as the emission of gamma (γ) electromagnetic waves. People may be exposed to radiation in various forms, as casualties of nuclear accidents, workers in power plants, or while working and using different radiation sources in medicine and health care. Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) occurs in subjects exposed to a very high dose of radiation in a very short period of time. Each form of radiation has a unique pathophysiological effect. Unfortunately, higher organisms-human beings-in the course of evolution have not acquired receptors for the direct "capture" of radiation energy, which is transferred at the level of DNA, cells, tissues, and organs. Radiation in biological systems depends on the amount of absorbed energy and its spatial distribution, particularly depending on the linear energy transfer (LET). Photon radiation with low LET leads to homogeneous energy deposition in the entire tissue volume. On the other hand, radiation with a high LET produces a fast Bragg peak, which generates a low input dose, whereby the penetration depth into the tissue increases with the radiation energy. The consequences are mutations, apoptosis, the development of cancer, and cell death. The most sensitive cells are those that divide intensively-bone marrow cells, digestive tract cells, reproductive cells, and skin cells. The health care system and the public should raise awareness of the consequences of ionizing radiation. Therefore, our aim is to identify the consequences of ARS taking into account radiation damage to the respiratory system, nervous system, hematopoietic system, gastrointestinal tract, and skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasminka Talapko
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Domagoj Talapko
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Darko Katalinić
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia (M.V.M.); (S.E.); (J.F.)
| | - Ivan Kotris
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia (M.V.M.); (S.E.); (J.F.)
- General Hospital Vukovar, Županijska 35, 32000 Vukovar, Croatia
| | - Ivan Erić
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia (M.V.M.); (S.E.); (J.F.)
- Department of Surgery, Osijek University Hospital Center, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Dino Belić
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia (M.V.M.); (S.E.); (J.F.)
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, University Hospital Center Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Mila Vasilj Mihaljević
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia (M.V.M.); (S.E.); (J.F.)
- Health Center Vukovar, 32000 Vukovar, Croatia
| | - Ana Vasilj
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia (M.V.M.); (S.E.); (J.F.)
- Health Center Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Suzana Erić
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia (M.V.M.); (S.E.); (J.F.)
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, University Hospital Center Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Josipa Flam
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia (M.V.M.); (S.E.); (J.F.)
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, University Hospital Center Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Sanja Bekić
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia (M.V.M.); (S.E.); (J.F.)
- Family Medicine Practice, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Suzana Matić
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia (M.V.M.); (S.E.); (J.F.)
| | - Ivana Škrlec
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
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Hao J, Liu C, Gu Z, Yang X, Lan X, Guo X. Dysregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling contributes to intestinal inflammation through regulation of group 3 innate lymphoid cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2820. [PMID: 38561332 PMCID: PMC10985070 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45616-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
RORγt+ group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are essential for intestinal homeostasis. Dysregulation of ILC3s has been found in the gut of patients with inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer, yet the specific mechanisms still require more investigation. Here we observe increased β-catenin in intestinal ILC3s from inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer patients compared with healthy donors. In contrast to promoting RORγt expression in T cells, activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in ILC3s suppresses RORγt expression, inhibits its proliferation and function, and leads to a deficiency of ILC3s and subsequent intestinal inflammation in mice. Activated β-catenin and its interacting transcription factor, TCF-1, cannot directly suppress RORγt expression, but rather alters global chromatin accessibility and inhibits JunB expression, which is essential for RORγt expression in ILC3s. Together, our findings suggest that dysregulated Wnt/β-catenin signaling impairs intestinal ILC3s through TCF-1/JunB/RORγt regulation, further disrupting intestinal homeostasis, and promoting inflammation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Hao
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijie Gu
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuanming Yang
- Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Xun Lan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohuan Guo
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
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Wakiya T, Sakuma Y, Onishi Y, Sanada Y, Okada N, Hirata Y, Horiuchi T, Omameuda T, Takadera K, Sata N. Liver resection volume-dependent pancreatic strain following living donor hepatectomy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6753. [PMID: 38514681 PMCID: PMC10957952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57431-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The liver and pancreas work together to recover homeostasis after hepatectomy. This study aimed to investigate the effect of liver resection volume on the pancreas. We collected clinical data from 336 living liver donors. They were categorized into left lateral sectionectomy (LLS), left lobectomy, and right lobectomy (RL) groups. Serum pancreatic enzymes were compared among the groups. Serum amylase values peaked on postoperative day (POD) 1. Though they quickly returned to preoperative levels on POD 3, 46% of cases showed abnormal values on POD 7 in the RL group. Serum lipase levels were highest at POD 7. Lipase values increased 5.7-fold on POD 7 in the RL group and 82% of cases showed abnormal values. The RL group's lipase was twice that of the LLS group. A negative correlation existed between the remnant liver volume and amylase (r = - 0.326)/lipase (r = - 0.367) on POD 7. Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between POD 7 serum bilirubin and amylase (r = 0.379)/lipase (r = 0.381) levels, indicating cooccurrence with liver and pancreatic strain. Pancreatic strain due to hepatectomy occurs in a resection/remnant liver volume-dependent manner. It would be beneficial to closely monitor pancreatic function in patients undergoing a major hepatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiichi Wakiya
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Yasunaru Sakuma
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Onishi
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Sanada
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Noriki Okada
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Yuta Hirata
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Toshio Horiuchi
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Takahiko Omameuda
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Kiichiro Takadera
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Naohiro Sata
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
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Vasilopoulos S, Giannenas I, Mellidou I, Stylianaki I, Antonopoulou E, Tzora A, Skoufos I, Athanassiou CG, Papadopoulos E, Fortomaris P. Diet replacement with whole insect larvae affects intestinal morphology and microbiota of broiler chickens. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6836. [PMID: 38514719 PMCID: PMC10957974 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54184-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Insect-based diets are gaining interest as potential ingredients in improving poultry gut health. This study assessed the dietary treatment with whole dried Tenebrio molitor larvae (TM) on broiler chickens' gut microbiota and morphology. 120 Ross-308 broilers received treated diets with 5% (TM5) and 10% (TM10) replacement ratio in a 35-day trial. Intestinal histomorphometry was assessed, as well as claudin-3 expression pattern and ileal and caecal digesta for microbial community diversity. Null hypothesis was tested with two-way ANOVA considering the intestinal segment and diet as main factors. The TM5 group presented higher villi in the duodenum and ileum compared to the other two (P < 0.001), while treated groups showed shallower crypts in the duodenum (P < 0.001) and deeper in the jejunum and ileum than the control (P < 0.001). Treatments increased the caecal Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and led to significant changes at the genus level. While Lactobacilli survived in the caecum, a significant reduction was evident in the ileum of both groups, mainly owed to L. aviarius. Staphylococci and Methanobrevibacter significantly increased in the ileum of the TM5 group. Results suggest that dietary supplementation with whole dried TM larvae has no adverse effect on the intestinal epithelium formation and positively affects bacterial population richness and diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stylianos Vasilopoulos
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloníki, Greece.
| | - Ilias Giannenas
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - Ifigeneia Mellidou
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DIMITRA, 57001, Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - Ioanna Stylianaki
- Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - Efthimia Antonopoulou
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - Athina Tzora
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100, Arta, Greece
| | - Ioannis Skoufos
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Nutrition and Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100, Arta, Greece
| | - Christos G Athanassiou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str., 38446, N. Ionia, Volos, Greece
| | - Elias Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - Paschalis Fortomaris
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloníki, Greece
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Rehman H, Rehman ST, Zulfiqar S, Awan S, Abid S. Real-world comparison of terlipressin vs. octreotide as an adjuvant treatment in the management of variceal bleeding. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6692. [PMID: 38509184 PMCID: PMC10954665 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56873-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Variceal bleeding is a major complication and the leading cause of death in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of terlipressin vs octreotide as an adjuvant to endoscopic management of patients with esophageal variceal bleeding in a real-time scenario. We reviewed the medical records of patients with esophageal variceal bleeding from January 2005 to December 2020 at our tertiary care Aga Khan University Hospital. Mortality was assessed after 6 weeks. A total of 842 patients with variceal bleed were evaluated. 624 patients (74.1%) and 218 patients (25.9%) received Terlipressin and Octreotide respectively. On multiple regression analysis, cardiac events during hospital stay (OR: 11.22), presence of Porto-systemic encephalopathy (OR: 3.79), and elevated bilirubin levels at the time of presentation were found to be independent risk factors for increased six weeks mortality. Moreover, cardiac events during hospital stay (OR: 3.26), Porto-systemic encephalopathy at presentation (OR: 3.06), and octreotide administration (OR: 1.80) were identified as independent risk factors for increased length of hospital stay. Terlipressin and Octreotide have similar outcomes in terms of control of bleeding, hospital stay, mortality, and side effects when used as adjuvant therapy for the management of variceal bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rehman
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, National Stadium Road, P.O Box 3500, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S T Rehman
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, National Stadium Road, P.O Box 3500, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Zulfiqar
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, National Stadium Road, P.O Box 3500, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Awan
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, National Stadium Road, P.O Box 3500, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shahab Abid
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, National Stadium Road, P.O Box 3500, Karachi, Pakistan.
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Commins N, Subhaharan D, Dettrick A, Patrick D. Mercaptopurine-induced Sweet's syndrome. BMJ Case Rep 2024; 17:e259278. [PMID: 38417937 PMCID: PMC10900376 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-259278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Sweet's syndrome is an acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis. Drug-induced Sweet's syndrome typically occurs soon after drug administration, with rapid resolution of symptoms with cessation of the offending agent. We report a man in his early 40s who presented with fever and widespread erythematous rash on a background of recently diagnosed mild stricturing ileal Crohn's disease. He was commenced on 6-mercaptopurine 12 days before presentation. Skin biopsy demonstrated diffuse infiltration of neutrophils in the upper dermis, dermal oedema, eosinophils and fibrin deposition. Symptoms rapidly improved with cessation of 6-mercaptopurine without requiring systemic corticosteroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Commins
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia
| | - Deloshaan Subhaharan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andrew Dettrick
- Department of Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia
| | - Desmond Patrick
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia
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8
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Elliver M, Salö M, Roth B, Ohlsson B, Hagander L, Gudjonsdottir J. Associations between Th1-related cytokines and complicated pediatric appendicitis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4613. [PMID: 38409170 PMCID: PMC10897334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53756-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of appendicitis is not understood fully, and the diagnosis can be challenging. Previous research has suggested an association between a T helper (Th) 1-dependent immune response and complicated appendicitis. This prospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the association between serum concentrations of the Th1-associated cytokines interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A and tumor necrosis factor beta (TNF-β) and the risk of complicated appendicitis in children. Appendicitis severity was determined through histopathological examination. A total of 137 children < 15 years with appendicitis were included with a median age of 10 years (IQR 8-12); 86 (63%) were boys, and 58 (42%) had complicated appendicitis. Children with complicated appendicitis had significantly higher concentrations of serum IL-6 and IL-10, and lower of TNF-β. After adjustment for age, symptom duration, and presence of appendicolith in a multivariable logistic regression, a higher concentration of IL-6 remained associated with an increased risk of complicated appendicitis (aOR 1.001 [95% CI 1.000-1.002], p = 0.02). Serum concentrations of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-10, IL-17A and TNF-β were not significantly associated with the risk of complicated appendicitis. In conclusion, our results suggests that the systemic inflammatory response in complicated appendicitis is complex and not solely Th1-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilda Elliver
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Martin Salö
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Bodil Roth
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Bodil Ohlsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Lars Hagander
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Johanna Gudjonsdottir
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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9
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İnce Palamutoglu M, Köse G, Bas M. Probiotics and Prebiotics Affecting Mental and Gut Health. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:510. [PMID: 38470623 PMCID: PMC10931157 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12050510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The effects of the gut microbiota on mental and intestinal health are an area of great interest. This study aimed to reveal the relationship between the intake of probiotic and prebiotic foods and mental and gut health. Data were obtained using an online survey from young adults (n = 538) enrolled at Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University who agreed to participate in this study in the 2022-2023 academic year. This study included 538 participants, mostly (85.5%) females. Participants who never consumed yogurt had 7.614 times higher Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale scores than those who consumed yogurt daily (p < 0.01). Similarly, the frequency of ayran consumption had a statistically significant effect on Bristol Stool Scale scores (p < 0.05). The ratio of normal defecation to constipation was 68.7% lower in participants who consumed ayran daily, whereas the ratio of diarrhea to constipation was 76.4% lower in participants who never consumed ayran. However, the frequency of prebiotic consumption did not have a significant effect on Bristol Stool Scale scores (p > 0.05). The consumption of probiotic and prebiotic foods exerted a significant effect on GSRS total scores and subfactors of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-42, namely depression, anxiety, and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve İnce Palamutoglu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Türkiye
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar 03030, Türkiye
| | - Gizem Köse
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Türkiye; (G.K.); (M.B.)
| | - Murat Bas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Türkiye; (G.K.); (M.B.)
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10
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Prakash A, Rubin N, Staley C, Onyeaghala G, Wen YF, Shaukat A, Milne G, Straka RJ, Church TR, Prizment A. Effect of ginger supplementation on the fecal microbiome in subjects with prior colorectal adenoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2988. [PMID: 38316805 PMCID: PMC10844320 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52658-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Ginger has been associated with a decreased incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) through reduction in inflammatory pathways and inhibition of tumor growth. Recent pre-clinical models have implicated changes in the gut microbiome as a possible mediator of the ginger effect on CRC. We hypothesized that, in adults previously diagnosed with a colorectal adenoma, ginger supplementation would alter the fecal microbiome in the direction consistent with its CRC-inhibitory effect. Sixty-eight adults were randomized to take either ginger or placebo daily for 6 weeks, with a 6-week washout and longitudinal stool collection throughout. We performed 16S rRNA sequencing and evaluated changes in overall microbial diversity and the relative abundances of pre-specified CRC-associated taxa using mixed-effects logistic regression. Ginger supplementation showed no significant effect on microbial community structure through alpha or beta diversity. Of 10 pre-specified CRC-associated taxa, there were significant decreases in the relative abundances of the genera Akkermansia (p < 0.001), Bacteroides (p = 0.018), and Ruminococcus (p = 0.013) after 6-week treatment with ginger compared to placebo. Ginger supplementation led to decreased abundances of Akkermansia and Bacteroides, which suggests that ginger may have an inhibitory effect on CRC-associated taxa. Overall, ginger supplementation appears to have a limited effect on gut microbiome in patients with colorectal adenomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Prakash
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Nathan Rubin
- Biostatistics Core, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Christopher Staley
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Guillaume Onyeaghala
- Biostatistics Core, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ya-Feng Wen
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Ginger Milne
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Robert J Straka
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Timothy R Church
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Anna Prizment
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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11
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Zhang M, Zhuang Y, Mao J, Gong M, Zhang Y, Shi A, Lyu Y, Yan X. Application of Y-Z deformable magnetic ring for recanalization of transanal single-access rectal stricture. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1865. [PMID: 38253773 PMCID: PMC10803334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52531-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Magnetic compression anastomosis has been reported to have remarkable clinical outcomes. Here, we tested the applicability of a Y-Z deformable magnetic ring (DMR) for non-surgical manipulation of rectal stenosis (RS) in a beagle dog model under a transanal single-access condition. RS was modeled in 8 beagle dogs using partial ligation with silk thread. Under X-ray guidance, the Y-Z DMR was positioned at the proximal and distal ends of the RS, and the magnetic ring was bent into an "O" shape, such that the two rings were magnetically attracted. Operation time, complications during or after operation, and discharge time of the magnetic rings were recorded. The anastomosis bursting pressure was measured two weeks after removing the rings, and its formation was assessed through gross and histological examination. Partial ligation with a silk thread successfully established the canine RS model. After Y-Z DMR installation, the magnetic ring was successfully reconfigured from an "S" to an "O" shape. Strong attraction existed between the rings. The operation time was 9-15 min (average: 11.75 ± 1.98 min). No rectal bleeding or perforation occurred during or after operation. The ring was naturally expelled 7-10 days after surgery. A pressure of > 300 mmHg was recorded at the point of anastomosis rupture. The rectal anastomosis appeared to have healed properly on the surface, which was confirmed histologically, signifying the success of this procedure. A Y-Z DMR facilitated the successful recanalization of transanal single-channel RS without needing surgery in an animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Jianqi Mao
- Zonglian College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingyan Gong
- Zonglian College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Qide College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Aihua Shi
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yi Lyu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiaopeng Yan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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12
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Pini R, Mongelli F, Iaquinandi F, Gaffuri P, Previsdomini M, Cianfarani A, La Regina D. Switching from robotic-assisted extended transabdominal preperitoneal (eTAPP) to totally extraperitoneal (eTEP) hernia repair for umbilical and epigastric hernias. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1800. [PMID: 38245577 PMCID: PMC10799892 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52165-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to assess the safety and effectiveness of the robotic-assisted extended totally extraperitoneal (eTEP) repair compared to transabdominal preperitoneal (eTAPP) repair with a suprapubic trocar insertion to treat umbilical and epigastric hernias. On a prospectively maintained database, we identified patients who underwent either eTEP or eTAPP for treating umbilical and epigastric hernias. During the study period, 53 patients were included, 32 in the eTEP group and 21 in the eTAPP group. The mean age was 59.0 ± 13.9 years, 45 patients (84.9%) were male, and the mean BMI was 28.0 ± 5.9 kg/m2. Most hernias were umbilical (81.1%) and primary (83.0%). The operative time for eTEP was slightly shorter than for eTAPP (106 ± 43 min vs. 126 ± 74 min, p = 0.232). Postoperatively, only one case of bleeding and one seroma were recorded. No complication occurred during a mean follow-up of 11.3 ± 6.4 months in the eTEP group and 20.5 ± 9.7 months in the eTAPP group. In conclusion, our study showed that the eTEP with suprapubic approach was safe and feasible in the treatment of epigastric and umbilical hernias. According to our experience, shorter operative time, integrity of the posterior layers and increased overlap size are the main surgical reasons of switching from eTAPP to eTEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Pini
- Department of Surgery, Bellinzona e Valli Regional Hospital, EOC, Via Gallino 12, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Mongelli
- Department of Surgery, Bellinzona e Valli Regional Hospital, EOC, Via Gallino 12, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, 6500, Lugano, Switzerland.
| | - Fabiano Iaquinandi
- Department of Surgery, Bellinzona e Valli Regional Hospital, EOC, Via Gallino 12, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Gaffuri
- Department of Surgery, Bellinzona e Valli Regional Hospital, EOC, Via Gallino 12, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Marco Previsdomini
- Intensive Care Unit, Bellinzona e Valli Regional Hospital, EOC, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Agnese Cianfarani
- Department of Surgery, Bellinzona e Valli Regional Hospital, EOC, Via Gallino 12, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Davide La Regina
- Department of Surgery, Bellinzona e Valli Regional Hospital, EOC, Via Gallino 12, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, 6500, Lugano, Switzerland
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13
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Kim MG, Kim SH, Jeon SK, Han S. Added value of positive intraluminal contrast CT over fluoroscopic examination for detecting gastrointestinal leakage after gastrointestinal surgery. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1011. [PMID: 38200202 PMCID: PMC10781980 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51556-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the added value of positive intraluminal contrast computed tomography (CT) over fluoroscopy in detecting anastomotic leakage after gastrointestinal (GI) surgery. A total of 141 GI surgery patients who underwent fluoroscopic examination and CT were included. Two radiologists reviewed the fluoroscopic images with and without CT to determine anastomotic leakage on a 5-point confidence scale and graded the leakage on a 4-point grading system. The hospital stay duration and treatment type were recorded. The radiologists' diagnostic performance in determining leakage was compared using the receiver operating characteristics analysis, and interobserver agreement was analyzed. Fifty-three patients developed GI leakage. When CT was added to the fluoroscopic images, the area under the curve (AUC) values significantly increased for both reviewers. The interobserver agreement for leakage between the two reviewers was excellent and improved with the addition of CT (weighted kappa value, 0.869 versus 0.805). Postoperative intervention was more frequently performed (P < 0.001), and patients with leakage had a significantly longer mean postoperative hospital stay (45 days vs. 27 days) (P = 0.003). Thus, positive intraluminal contrast CT provides added value over fluoroscopic examination for detecting GI leakage in patients undergoing GI tract surgery, increasing AUC values, and improving interobserver agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Gwan Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehakro, Jongro-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Se Hyung Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehakro, Jongro-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sun Kyung Jeon
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehakro, Jongro-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seungchul Han
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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14
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Hamel C, Avard B, Belanger C, Chatterjee A, Hartery A, Lim H, Kanagaratnam S, Fung C. Canadian Association of Radiologists Gastrointestinal Imaging Referral Guideline. Can Assoc Radiol J 2024:8465371231217230. [PMID: 38183236 DOI: 10.1177/08465371231217230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The Canadian Association of Radiologists (CAR) Gastrointestinal Expert Panel consists of radiologists, a gastroenterologist, a general surgeon, a family physician, a patient advisor, and an epidemiologist/guideline methodologist. After developing a list of 20 clinical/diagnostic scenarios, a systematic rapid scoping review was undertaken to identify systematically produced referral guidelines that provide recommendations for one or more of these clinical/diagnostic scenarios. Recommendations from 58 guidelines and contextualization criteria in the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) for guidelines framework were used to develop 85 recommendation statements specific to the adult population across the 20 scenarios. This guideline presents the methods of development and the referral recommendations for dysphagia/dyspepsia, acute nonlocalized abdominal pain, chronic abdominal pain, inflammatory bowel disease, acute gastrointestinal bleeding, chronic gastrointestinal bleeding/anemia, abnormal liver biopsy, pancreatitis, anorectal diseases, diarrhea, fecal incontinence, and foreign body ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candyce Hamel
- Canadian Association of Radiologists, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Barb Avard
- North York General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Avi Chatterjee
- The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Angus Hartery
- Eastern Health, Memorial University, St. Clare's, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Howard Lim
- University of British Columbia, BC Cancer, Vancouver Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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15
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Martinez-Lomeli J, Deol P, Deans JR, Jiang T, Ruegger P, Borneman J, Sladek FM. Impact of various high fat diets on gene expression and the microbiome across the mouse intestines. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22758. [PMID: 38151490 PMCID: PMC10752901 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49555-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
High fat diets (HFDs) have been linked to several diseases including obesity, diabetes, fatty liver, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colon cancer. In this study, we examined the impact on intestinal gene expression of three isocaloric HFDs that differed only in their fatty acid composition-coconut oil (saturated fats), conventional soybean oil (polyunsaturated fats) and a genetically modified soybean oil (monounsaturated fats). Four functionally distinct segments of the mouse intestinal tract were analyzed using RNA-seq-duodenum, jejunum, terminal ileum and proximal colon. We found considerable dysregulation of genes in multiple tissues with the different diets, including those encoding nuclear receptors and genes involved in xenobiotic and drug metabolism, epithelial barrier function, IBD and colon cancer as well as genes associated with the microbiome and COVID-19. Network analysis shows that genes involved in metabolism tend to be upregulated by the HFDs while genes related to the immune system are downregulated; neurotransmitter signaling was also dysregulated by the HFDs. Genomic sequencing also revealed a microbiome altered by the HFDs. This study highlights the potential impact of different HFDs on gut health with implications for the organism as a whole and will serve as a reference for gene expression along the length of the intestines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Martinez-Lomeli
- Genetics, Genomics and Bioinformatics Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Poonamjot Deol
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
| | - Jonathan R Deans
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Institute of Integrated Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Paul Ruegger
- Institute of Integrated Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - James Borneman
- Institute of Integrated Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Frances M Sladek
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Institute of Integrated Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
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16
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Biggemann L, Uhlig J, Streit U, Al-Bourini O, Wedi E, Amanzada A, Ellenrieder V, Rühlmann F, Ghadimi M, Frahm J, Uecker M, Seif Amir Hosseini A. Visualization of deglutition and gastroesophageal reflux using real-time MRI: a standardized approach to image acquisition and assessment. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22854. [PMID: 38129469 PMCID: PMC10739804 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49776-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to develop a standardized algorithm for gastroesophageal image acquisition and diagnostic assessment using real-time MRI. Patients with GERD symptoms undergoing real-time MRI of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction between 2015 and 2018 were included. A 10 ml bolus of pineapple juice served as an oral contrast agent. Patients performed Valsalva maneuver to provoke reflux and hiatal hernia. Systematic MRI assessment included visual presence of achalasia, fundoplication failure in patients with previous surgical fundoplication, gastroesophageal reflux, and hiatal hernia. A total of 184 patients (n = 92 female [50%], mean age 52.7 ± 15.8 years) completed MRI studies without adverse events at a mean examination time of 15 min. Gastroesophageal reflux was evident in n = 117 (63.6%), hiatal hernia in n = 95 (52.5%), and achalasia in 4 patients (2.2%). Hiatal hernia was observed more frequently in patients with reflux at rest (n = 67 vs. n = 6, p < 0.01) and during Valsalva maneuver (n = 87 vs. n = 8, p < 0.01). Real-time MRI visualized a morphologic correlate for recurring GERD symptoms in 20/22 patients (90%) after fundoplication procedure. In a large-scale single-center cohort of patients with GERD symptoms undergoing real-time MRI, visual correlates for clinical symptoms were evident in most cases. The proposed assessment algorithm could aid in wider-spread utilization of real-time MRI and provides a comprehensive approach to this novel imaging modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenz Biggemann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Johannes Uhlig
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Streit
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Radiology, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, München, Germany
| | - Omar Al-Bourini
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Edris Wedi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Interventional Endoscopy, Sana Klinikum, Offenbach, Germany
| | - Ahmad Amanzada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Volker Ellenrieder
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Felix Rühlmann
- Department of General, Visceral, and Paediatric Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Ghadimi
- Department of General, Visceral, and Paediatric Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jens Frahm
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Uecker
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Biomedical Imaging, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ali Seif Amir Hosseini
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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17
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Koch K, Duckworth-Mothes B, Schweizer U, Grund KE, Moreels TG, Königsrainer A, Wichmann D. Development and evaluation of artificial organ models for ERCP training in patients with surgically altered anatomies. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22920. [PMID: 38129520 PMCID: PMC10739860 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49888-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoscopy training models (ETM) using artificial organs are practical, hygienic and comfortable for trainees. However, few models exist for training endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with surgically altered anatomy. This training is necessary as the number of bariatric surgeries performed worldwide increases. ETM with human-like anatomy were developed to represent the postoperative anatomy after Billroth II (BII) reconstruction for a standard duodenoscope and the situs of a long-limbed Roux-en-Y (RY) for device-assisted enteroscopy (DAE). In three independent workshops, the models were evaluated by international ERCP experts. In RY model, a simulation for small bowel behavior in endoscopy was created. Thirty-three experts rated the ETM in ERCP expert courses. The BII model was evaluated as suitable for training (school grades 1.36), with a haptic and visual impression rating of 1.73. The RY model was rated 1.50 for training suitability and 2.06 for overall impression. Animal tissue-free ETMs for ERCP in surgically altered anatomy were successfully created. Evaluation by experienced endoscopists indicated that the models are suitable for hands-on ERCP training, including device-assisted endoscopy. It is expected that patient care will improve with appropriate training in advanced procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Koch
- Working Group of Experimental Endoscopy, Development, and Training, University Hospital Tübingen, Waldhörnlestrasse 22, 72072, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Klinikum Neuperlach, Oskar-Maria-Graf-Ring 51, 81737, Munich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Duckworth-Mothes
- Working Group of Experimental Endoscopy, Development, and Training, University Hospital Tübingen, Waldhörnlestrasse 22, 72072, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schweizer
- Working Group of Experimental Endoscopy, Development, and Training, University Hospital Tübingen, Waldhörnlestrasse 22, 72072, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karl-Ernst Grund
- Working Group of Experimental Endoscopy, Development, and Training, University Hospital Tübingen, Waldhörnlestrasse 22, 72072, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tom G Moreels
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Av. Hippocrate 10, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alfred Königsrainer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dörte Wichmann
- Working Group of Experimental Endoscopy, Development, and Training, University Hospital Tübingen, Waldhörnlestrasse 22, 72072, Tübingen, Germany.
- Central Endoscopy, University Hospital of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
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18
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Yang X, Park S, Lee S, Han K, Lee MR, Song JS, Yu HC, Do Yang J. Estimation of right lobe graft weight for living donor liver transplantation using deep learning-based fully automatic computed tomographic volumetry. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17746. [PMID: 37853228 PMCID: PMC10584880 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45140-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at developing a fully automatic technique for right lobe graft weight estimation using deep learning algorithms. The proposed method consists of segmentation of the full liver region from computed tomography (CT) images, classification of the entire liver region into the right and left lobes, and estimation of the right lobe graft weight from the CT-measured right lobe graft volume using a volume-to-weight conversion formula. The first two steps were performed with a transformer-based deep learning model. To train and evaluate the model, a total of 248 CT datasets (188 for training, 40 for validation, and 20 for testing and clinical evaluation) were used. The Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), mean surface distance (MSD), and the 95th percentile Hausdorff distance (HD95) were used for evaluating the segmentation accuracy of the full liver region and the right liver lobe. The correlation coefficient (CC), percentage error (PE), and percentage absolute error (PAE) were used for the clinical evaluation of the estimated right lobe graft weight. The proposed method achieved high accuracy in segmentation for DSC, MSD, and HD95 (95.9% ± 1.0%, 1.2 ± 0.4 mm, and 5.2 ± 1.9 mm for the entire liver region; 92.4% ± 2.7%, 2.0 ± 0.7 mm, and 8.8 ± 2.9 mm for the right lobe) and in clinical evaluation for CC, PE, and PAE (0.859, - 1.8% ± 9.6%, and 8.6% ± 4.7%). For the right lobe graft weight estimation, the present study underestimated the graft weight by - 1.8% on average. A mean difference of - 21.3 g (95% confidence interval: - 55.7 to 13.1, p = 0.211) between the estimated graft weight and the actual graft weight was achieved in this study. The proposed method is effective for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Yang
- School of Global Entrepreneurship and Information Communication Technology, Handong Global University, Pohang, 37554, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonyeong Park
- School of Global Entrepreneurship and Information Communication Technology, Handong Global University, Pohang, 37554, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungyoo Lee
- School of Global Entrepreneurship and Information Communication Technology, Handong Global University, Pohang, 37554, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyujin Han
- School of Global Entrepreneurship and Information Communication Technology, Handong Global University, Pohang, 37554, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Rin Lee
- Department of Surgery, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Soo Song
- Department of Radiology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Chul Yu
- Department of Surgery, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Do Yang
- Department of Surgery, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea.
- Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Ma J, Nguyen D, Madas J, Kwiat AM, Toledo Z, Bizanti A, Kogut N, Mistareehi A, Bendowski K, Zhang Y, Chen J, Li DP, Powley TL, Furness JB, Cheng Z. Spinal afferent innervation in flat-mounts of the rat stomach: anterograde tracing. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17675. [PMID: 37853008 PMCID: PMC10584867 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43120-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The dorsal root ganglia (DRG) project spinal afferent axons to the stomach. However, the distribution and morphology of spinal afferent axons in the stomach have not been well characterized. In this study, we used a combination of state-of-the-art techniques, including anterograde tracer injection into the left DRG T7-T11, avidin-biotin and Cuprolinic Blue labeling, Zeiss M2 Imager, and Neurolucida to characterize spinal afferent axons in flat-mounts of the whole rat stomach muscular wall. We found that spinal afferent axons innervated all regions with a variety of distinct terminal structures innervating different gastric targets: (1) The ganglionic type: some axons formed varicose contacts with individual neurons within myenteric ganglia. (2) The muscle type: most axons ran in parallel with the longitudinal and circular muscles and expressed spherical varicosities. Complex terminal structures were observed within the circular muscle layer. (3) The ganglia-muscle mixed type: some individual varicose axons innervated both myenteric neurons and the circular muscle, exhibiting polymorphic terminal structures. (4) The vascular type: individual varicose axons ran along the blood vessels and occasionally traversed the vessel wall. This work provides a foundation for future topographical anatomical and functional mapping of spinal afferent axon innervation of the stomach under normal and pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichao Ma
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Duyen Nguyen
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Jazune Madas
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Andrew M Kwiat
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Zulema Toledo
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Ariege Bizanti
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Nicole Kogut
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Anas Mistareehi
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Kohlton Bendowski
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Jin Chen
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - De-Pei Li
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Terry L Powley
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 479062, USA
| | - John B Furness
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Zixi Cheng
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.
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20
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Viterbo L, Hughes J, Milner PI, Bardell D. Arterial Blood Gas, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Values as Diagnostic and Prognostic Indicators in Equine Colic. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3241. [PMID: 37893965 PMCID: PMC10603645 DOI: 10.3390/ani13203241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate if arterial blood analysis in conscious horses presenting with signs of colic and breathing ambient air had diagnostic or prognostic value. Arterial blood samples from 352 horses presenting with colic at a university equine referral hospital were analysed for pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), concentrations of sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), ionised calcium (Ca2+) and chloride (Cl-), actual and standardised plasma bicarbonate concentration (HCO3- (P) and HCO3- (P, st)), blood and extracellular fluid base excess (Base (B) and Base (ecf)) and anion gap (AG). Results were compared to previously reported values for healthy horses, and comparisons were made between final diagnosis, treatment and survival to hospital discharge. Significant differences were found between colic cases and healthy reference values between some primary aetiologies. Overall, surgical and non-surgical colic cases differed in Ca2+ and Cl- concentrations and Ca2+ differed between cases that survived to discharge and those that did not. PaO2 differed between small intestinal surgical cases that survived and those that did not. From these results, we developed regression models that demonstrated excellent or good predictive value in identifying the likelihood of surgical versus medical management and survival to hospital discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Viterbo
- North Downs Specialist Referrals, Part of Linnaeus Veterinary Limited, The Fresian Buildings 3–4, Dairy Business Park, Brewer Street, Bletchingley RH1 4QP, UK;
| | - Jodie Hughes
- North Downs Specialist Referrals, Part of Linnaeus Veterinary Limited, The Fresian Buildings 3–4, Dairy Business Park, Brewer Street, Bletchingley RH1 4QP, UK;
| | - Peter I. Milner
- Department of Equine Clinical Sciences, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Chester High Road, Neston CH64 7TE, UK; (P.I.M.); (D.B.)
| | - David Bardell
- Department of Equine Clinical Sciences, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Chester High Road, Neston CH64 7TE, UK; (P.I.M.); (D.B.)
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21
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Raya-Sandino A, Lozada-Soto KM, Rajagopal N, Garcia-Hernandez V, Luissint AC, Brazil JC, Cui G, Koval M, Parkos CA, Nangia S, Nusrat A. Claudin-23 reshapes epithelial tight junction architecture to regulate barrier function. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6214. [PMID: 37798277 PMCID: PMC10556055 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41999-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Claudin family tight junction proteins form charge- and size-selective paracellular channels that regulate epithelial barrier function. In the gastrointestinal tract, barrier heterogeneity is attributed to differential claudin expression. Here, we show that claudin-23 (CLDN23) is enriched in luminal intestinal epithelial cells where it strengthens the epithelial barrier. Complementary approaches reveal that CLDN23 regulates paracellular ion and macromolecule permeability by associating with CLDN3 and CLDN4 and regulating their distribution in tight junctions. Computational modeling suggests that CLDN23 forms heteromeric and heterotypic complexes with CLDN3 and CLDN4 that have unique pore architecture and overall net charge. These computational simulation analyses further suggest that pore properties are interaction-dependent, since differently organized complexes with the same claudin stoichiometry form pores with unique architecture. Our findings provide insight into tight junction organization and propose a model whereby different claudins combine to form multiple distinct complexes that modify epithelial barrier function by altering tight junction structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Raya-Sandino
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Nandhini Rajagopal
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | | | - Anny-Claude Luissint
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jennifer C Brazil
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Guiying Cui
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory + Children's Center for Cystic Fibrosis and Airways Disease Research, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael Koval
- Departments of Medicine and Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Charles A Parkos
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shikha Nangia
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
| | - Asma Nusrat
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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22
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Collard MK, Bardin J, Marquet B, Laurin M, Ogier-Denis É. Correlation between the presence of a cecal appendix and reduced diarrhea severity in primates: new insights into the presumed function of the appendix. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15897. [PMID: 37741857 PMCID: PMC10517977 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43070-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased severity or recurrence risk of some specific infectious diarrhea, such a salmonellosis or Clostridium difficile colitis, have been reported after an appendectomy in human patients. While several other mammals also possess an appendix, the suspected protective function against diarrhea conferred by this structure is known only in humans. From a retrospective collection of veterinary records of 1251 primates attributed to 45 species, including 13 species with an appendix and 32 without, we identified 2855 episodes of diarrhea, 13% of which were classified as severe diarrhea requiring a therapeutic medication or associated with a fatal issue. We identified a lower risk of severe diarrhea among primate species with an appendix, especially in the early part of life when the risk of diarrhea is maximal. Moreover, we observed a delayed onset of diarrhea and of severe diarrhea in species possessing an appendix. Interestingly, none of the primates with an appendix were diagnosed, treated or died of an acute appendicitis during the 20 years of veterinarian follow-up. These results clarify the function of the appendix among primates, as protection against diarrhea. This supports its presumed function in humans and is congruent with the existence of a selective advantage conferred by this structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime K Collard
- Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM, U1149, CNRS, ERL8252, Team Gut Inflammation, Université de Paris, BP 416, 75018, Paris, France.
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Saint-Antoine Hospital, 184 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine, 75012, Paris, France.
| | - Jérémie Bardin
- CR2P (Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris; UMR 7207), CNRS/MNHN/Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | | | - Michel Laurin
- CR2P (Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris; UMR 7207), CNRS/MNHN/Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Éric Ogier-Denis
- Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM, U1149, CNRS, ERL8252, Team Gut Inflammation, Université de Paris, BP 416, 75018, Paris, France
- INSERM U1242, Centre Eugène Marquis, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
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23
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Carvalho MR, Yan LP, Li B, Zhang CH, He YL, Reis RL, Oliveira JM. Gastrointestinal organs and organoids-on-a-chip: advances and translation into the clinics. Biofabrication 2023; 15:042004. [PMID: 37699408 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/acf8fb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic organs and organoids-on-a-chip models of human gastrointestinal systems have been established to recreate adequate microenvironments to study physiology and pathophysiology. In the effort to find more emulating systems and less costly models for drugs screening or fundamental studies, gastrointestinal system organoids-on-a-chip have arisen as promising pre-clinicalin vitromodel. This progress has been built on the latest developments of several technologies such as bioprinting, microfluidics, and organoid research. In this review, we will focus on healthy and disease models of: human microbiome-on-a-chip and its rising correlation with gastro pathophysiology; stomach-on-a-chip; liver-on-a-chip; pancreas-on-a-chip; inflammation models, small intestine, colon and colorectal cancer organoids-on-a-chip and multi-organoids-on-a-chip. The current developments related to the design, ability to hold one or more 'organs' and its challenges, microfluidic features, cell sources and whether they are used to test drugs are overviewed herein. Importantly, their contribution in terms of drug development and eminent clinical translation in precision medicine field, Food and Drug Administration approved models, and the impact of organoid-on-chip technology in terms of pharmaceutical research and development costs are also discussed by the authors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana R Carvalho
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Le-Ping Yan
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Hua Zhang
- Digestive Medicine Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Long He
- Digestive Medicine Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Joaquim M Oliveira
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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24
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Witarto AP, Witarto BS, Pramudito SL, Ratri LC, Wairooy NAP, Konstantin T, Putra AJE, Wungu CDK, Mufida AZ, Gusnanto A. Risk factors and 26-years worldwide prevalence of endoscopic erosive esophagitis from 1997 to 2022: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15249. [PMID: 37709957 PMCID: PMC10502104 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Erosive esophagitis (EE) is the part of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) spectrum and may progress to esophageal adenocarcinoma. Due to its progressivity and unclear prevalence, we aim to identify the factors contributing in EE to decide the need for further examination. We performed a PRISMA 2020-based systematic search through PubMed and other resources up to June 2, 2022. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The odds ratio (OR) of each factor and worldwide prevalence of EE were measured. There are 114 observational studies included with a total of 759,100 participants. Out of 29 factors, the significant risk factors are age ≥ 60 y.o. (OR 2.03 [1.81-2.28]), White/Caucasian (OR 1.67 [1.40-1.99]), unmarried (OR 1.08 [1.03-1.14]), having GERD ≥ 5 years (OR 1.27 [1.14-1.42]), general obesity (OR 1.78 [1.61-1.98]), central obesity (OR 1.29 [1.18-1.42]), diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR 1.24 [1.17-1.32]), hypertension (OR 1.16 [1.09-1.23]), dyslipidemia (OR 1.15 [1.06-1.24]), hypertriglyceridemia (OR 1.42 [1.29-1.57]), hiatal hernia (HH) (OR 4.07 [3.21-5.17]), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (OR 1.26 [1.18-1.34]). However, H. pylori infection (OR 0.56 [0.48-0.66]) and atrophic gastritis (OR 0.51 [0.31-0.86]) are protective towards EE. This study demonstrates that age, ethnicity, unmarried, long-term GERD, metabolic diseases, HH, and NAFLD act as risk factors for EE, whereas H. pylori infection and atrophic gastritis act as protective factors. These findings may enable a better understanding of EE and increase greater awareness to address its growing burden.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tiffany Konstantin
- Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Citrawati Dyah Kencono Wungu
- Department of Physiology and Medical Biochemistry, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo No. 47, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia.
- Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
| | - Annisa Zahra Mufida
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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25
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Pontarollo G, Kollar B, Mann A, Khuu MP, Kiouptsi K, Bayer F, Brandão I, Zinina VV, Hahlbrock J, Malinarich F, Mimmler M, Bhushan S, Marini F, Ruf W, Belheouane M, Baines JF, Endres K, Reba SM, Raker VK, Deppermann C, Welsch C, Bosmann M, Soshnikova N, Chassaing B, Bergentall M, Sommer F, Bäckhed F, Reinhardt C. Author Correction: Commensal bacteria weaken the intestinal barrier by suppressing epithelial neuropilin-1 and Hedgehog signaling. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1639. [PMID: 37697057 PMCID: PMC10513928 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00901-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Pontarollo
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bettina Kollar
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Amrit Mann
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - My Phung Khuu
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Klytaimnistra Kiouptsi
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RhineMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Franziska Bayer
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Inês Brandão
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Valeriya V Zinina
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jennifer Hahlbrock
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Frano Malinarich
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Maximilian Mimmler
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sudhanshu Bhushan
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Unit of Reproductive Biology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Federico Marini
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wolfram Ruf
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RhineMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Meriem Belheouane
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University and Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| | - John F Baines
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University and Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| | - Kristina Endres
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Scott M Reba
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Verena K Raker
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Carsten Deppermann
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RhineMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Welsch
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Markus Bosmann
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Natalia Soshnikova
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Benoit Chassaing
- INSERM U1016, Team 'Mucosal microbiota in chronic inflammatory diseases', CNRS UMR 8104, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Mattias Bergentall
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Felix Sommer
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Region Västra Götland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christoph Reinhardt
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RhineMain, Mainz, Germany.
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26
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Contarino MF, van Hilten JJ, Kuijper EJ. Targeting the Gut-Brain Axis with Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Considerations on a Potential Novel Treatment for Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2023; 10:S21-S25. [PMID: 37637989 PMCID: PMC10448131 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fiorella Contarino
- Department of NeurologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Department of NeurologyHaga Teaching HospitalThe HagueThe Netherlands
| | | | - Ed J. Kuijper
- Department of Medical MicrobiologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Center for Infectious Disease ControlNational Institute for Public Health and the Environment (Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu)BilthovenThe Netherlands
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27
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Bhadada S, Malhotra B, Shetty A, Mukherjee S. Metabolic bone disease heralding the diagnosis of Wilson's disease. BMJ Case Rep 2023; 16:e252290. [PMID: 37491126 PMCID: PMC10373720 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-252290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a short-statured, young man in his 20s presenting with bilateral cataract, recurrent kidney stones, history of refractory rickets and bone deformity. He had been consuming calcium and vitamin D supplements and had been operated for cataract and renal stone disease, prior to reporting in our clinic without any significant laboratory or clinical improvement. The patient was diagnosed as having Fanconi's syndrome attributable to Wilson's disease. This patient highlights that in case of resistant rickets, a high index of suspicion must be invoked for Wilson's disease. Timely recognition of this entity results in prompt ministrations and prevention of disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Bhadada
- Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Bhanu Malhotra
- Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Anirudh Shetty
- Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Soham Mukherjee
- Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Al-Momani H, Balawi DA, Almasri M, AlGhawrie H, Ibrahim L, Adli L, Balawi HA, Haj Mahmoud SA. Gastroesophageal reflux in lockdown. Future Sci OA 2023; 9:FSO863. [PMID: 37228859 PMCID: PMC10203906 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2023-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim This study examines the changes in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptom frequency among patients with GERD throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A structured questionnaire was distributed among 198 GERD patients. The questionnaire consisted of a demographic characteristic assessment, the GerdQ questionnaire, and a reflux symptom index (RSI) questionnaire. Result & conclusion A statistically significant increase in GerdQ score was identified among participants during the COVID-19 pandemic (t = 7.055, df = 209, p < 0.001), who had experienced an increase in the frequency of positive predictors of GERD and a decrease in the frequency of negative predictors of GERD. The COVID-19 pandemic and its related lockdown countermeasures may have led to exacerbating and worsening GERD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafez Al-Momani
- Department of Microbiology, pathology & forensic medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan
| | - Dua'a Al Balawi
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan
| | - Muna Almasri
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan
| | - Hadeel AlGhawrie
- Infection control officer, Infection Control Unit, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, 11941, Jordan
| | - Lujain Ibrahim
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan
| | - Lena Adli
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan
| | - Hadeel Al Balawi
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan
| | - Sameer Al Haj Mahmoud
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Balqa’ Applied University, AL-Salt, 19117, Jordan
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29
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Pontarollo G, Kollar B, Mann A, Khuu MP, Kiouptsi K, Bayer F, Brandão I, Zinina VV, Hahlbrock J, Malinarich F, Mimmler M, Bhushan S, Marini F, Ruf W, Belheouane M, Baines JF, Endres K, Reba SM, Raker VK, Deppermann C, Welsch C, Bosmann M, Soshnikova N, Chassaing B, Bergentall M, Sommer F, Bäckhed F, Reinhardt C. Commensal bacteria weaken the intestinal barrier by suppressing epithelial neuropilin-1 and Hedgehog signaling. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1174-1187. [PMID: 37414930 PMCID: PMC10365997 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00828-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota influences intestinal barrier integrity through mechanisms that are incompletely understood. Here we show that the commensal microbiota weakens the intestinal barrier by suppressing epithelial neuropilin-1 (NRP1) and Hedgehog (Hh) signaling. Microbial colonization of germ-free mice dampens signaling of the intestinal Hh pathway through epithelial Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2, resulting in decreased epithelial NRP1 protein levels. Following activation via TLR2/TLR6, epithelial NRP1, a positive-feedback regulator of Hh signaling, is lysosomally degraded. Conversely, elevated epithelial NRP1 levels in germ-free mice are associated with a strengthened gut barrier. Functionally, intestinal epithelial cell-specific Nrp1 deficiency (Nrp1ΔIEC) results in decreased Hh pathway activity and a weakened gut barrier. In addition, Nrp1ΔIEC mice have a reduced density of capillary networks in their small intestinal villus structures. Collectively, our results reveal a role for the commensal microbiota and epithelial NRP1 signaling in the regulation of intestinal barrier function through postnatal control of Hh signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Pontarollo
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bettina Kollar
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Amrit Mann
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - My Phung Khuu
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Klytaimnistra Kiouptsi
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RhineMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Franziska Bayer
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Inês Brandão
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Valeriya V Zinina
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jennifer Hahlbrock
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Frano Malinarich
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Maximilian Mimmler
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sudhanshu Bhushan
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Unit of Reproductive Biology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Federico Marini
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wolfram Ruf
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RhineMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Meriem Belheouane
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University and Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| | - John F Baines
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University and Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| | - Kristina Endres
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Scott M Reba
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Verena K Raker
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Carsten Deppermann
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RhineMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Welsch
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Markus Bosmann
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Natalia Soshnikova
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Benoit Chassaing
- INSERM U1016, Team 'Mucosal microbiota in chronic inflammatory diseases', CNRS UMR 8104, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Mattias Bergentall
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Felix Sommer
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Region Västra Götland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christoph Reinhardt
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RhineMain, Mainz, Germany.
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30
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Jeon HJ, Choi HS, Lee JM, Kim ES, Keum B, Jeen YT, Lee HS, Chun HJ, Jeong S, Kim HB, Kim JH. Assessment of efficacy and safety of advanced endoscopic irreversible electroporation catheter in the esophagus. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7917. [PMID: 37193702 PMCID: PMC10188560 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33635-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonthermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) is emerging as a promising tissue ablation technique. However, maintaining irreversible electroporation (IRE) electrodes against displacement during strong esophageal spasms remains an obstacle. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of newly designed balloon-type endoscopic IRE catheters. Six pigs were randomly allocated to each catheter group, and each pig was subjected to four ablations at alternating voltages of 1500 V and 2000 V. Esophagogastroscopy was performed during the IRE. The ability of balloon-type catheters to execute complete IRE with 40 pulses was assessed. The success rate was higher for the balloon-type catheter than that for the basket-type (12/12 [100%] vs. 2/12 [16.7%], p < 0.001). Following gross inspection and histologic analysis of the 1500-V vs. 2000-V balloon-type catheter revealed a larger mucosal damage area (105.3 mm2 vs. 140.8 mm2, p = 0.004) and greater damage depth (476 μm vs. 900 μm, p = 0.02). Histopathology of the ablated tissue revealed separated epithelium, inflamed lamina propria, congested muscularis mucosa, necrotized submucosa, and disorganized muscularis propria. Balloon-type catheters demonstrated efficacy, achieving full electrical pulse sequences under NTIRE conditions, and a safe histological profile below 2000 V (1274 V/cm). Optimal electrical conditions and electrode arrays pose ongoing challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Jo Jeon
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Soon Choi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Min Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sun Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Bora Keum
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Tae Jeen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Sik Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Jai Chun
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jeong
- Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Bae Kim
- Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyuk Kim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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31
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García Mendez D, Sanabria J, Wist J, Holmes E. Effect of Operational Parameters on the Cultivation of the Gut Microbiome in Continuous Bioreactors Inoculated with Feces: A Systematic Review. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:6213-6225. [PMID: 37070710 PMCID: PMC10143624 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Since the early 1980s, multiple researchers have contributed to the development of in vitro models of the human gastrointestinal system for the mechanistic interrogation of the gut microbiome ecology. Using a bioreactor for simulating all the features and conditions of the gastrointestinal system is a massive challenge. Some conditions, such as temperature and pH, are readily controlled, but a more challenging feature to simulate is that both may vary in different regions of the gastrointestinal tract. Promising solutions have been developed for simulating other functionalities, such as dialysis capabilities, peristaltic movements, and biofilm growth. This research field is under constant development, and further efforts are needed to drive these models closer to in vivo conditions, thereby increasing their usefulness for studying the gut microbiome impact on human health. Therefore, understanding the influence of key operational parameters is fundamental for the refinement of the current bioreactors and for guiding the development of more complex models. In this review, we performed a systematic search for operational parameters in 229 papers that used continuous bioreactors seeded with human feces. Despite the reporting of operational parameters for the various bioreactor models being variable, as a result of a lack of standardization, the impact of specific operational parameters on gut microbial ecology is discussed, highlighting the advantages and limitations of the current bioreactor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- David
Felipe García Mendez
- Australian
National Phenome Centre and Computational and Systems Medicine, Health
Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, Perth, Australia WA6150
| | - Janeth Sanabria
- Australian
National Phenome Centre and Computational and Systems Medicine, Health
Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, Perth, Australia WA6150
- Environmental
Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Engineering School of Environmental
& Natural Resources, Engineering Faculty, Universidad del Valle—Sede Meléndez, Cali, Colombia 76001
| | - Julien Wist
- Australian
National Phenome Centre and Computational and Systems Medicine, Health
Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, Perth, Australia WA6150
- Chemistry
Department, Universidad del Valle, 76001, Cali, Colombia
| | - Elaine Holmes
- Australian
National Phenome Centre and Computational and Systems Medicine, Health
Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, Perth, Australia WA6150
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32
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Menendez A, Guttman JA. From anatomy to immunity in the gastrointestinal system. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2023; 306:941-946. [PMID: 36866415 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal system is classically known for its function in digesting food for nutrient uptake, but it plays a much larger role in the general health of organisms. Understanding the relationships between the gastrointestinal tract and inflammation, the nervous system, diseases caused through disregulation of molecular components as well as its association with beneficial and pathogenic microbes have been the focus of intense research over the many decades. In this Special Issue we delve into histological, molecular, and evolutionary aspects of gastrointestinal system components in healthy and diseased tissues, to give a broad perspective on the different organs that make-up this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Menendez
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julian Andrew Guttman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
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33
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Vuori KA, Hemida M, Moore R, Salin S, Rosendahl S, Anturaniemi J, Hielm-Björkman A. The effect of puppyhood and adolescent diet on the incidence of chronic enteropathy in dogs later in life. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1830. [PMID: 36759678 PMCID: PMC9911636 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27866-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet has a key role in the homeostasis of the gut microenvironment, influencing the microbiome, the gut barrier, host immunity and gut physiology. Yet, there is little information on the role of early diet in the onset of inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders later in life, especially in dogs. Therefore, the aim of the present cross-sectional, epidemiological study with longitudinal data, was to explore associations of companion dogs' early life diet style and food items with owner-reported chronic enteropathy (CE) incidence in later life. Food frequency questionnaire data from Finnish companion dogs was analyzed using principal component analysis and logistic regression. We found that feeding a non-processed meat-based diet and giving the dog human meal leftovers and table scraps during puppyhood (2-6 months) and adolescence (6-18 months) were protective against CE later in life. Especially raw bones and cartilage as well as leftovers and table scraps during puppyhood and adolescence, and berries during puppyhood were associated with less CE. In contrast, feeding an ultra-processed carbohydrate-based diet, namely dry dog food or "kibble" during puppyhood and adolescence, and rawhides during puppyhood were significant risk factors for CE later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristiina A Vuori
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Manal Hemida
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Robin Moore
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Siru Salin
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sarah Rosendahl
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Anturaniemi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Hielm-Björkman
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Alcaino C, Carbone F, Neckel PH, Tjaden NEB. XVIIth Little Brain Big Brain: an extraordinary meeting in extraordinary times. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 20:197-198. [PMID: 36755077 PMCID: PMC9907189 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-023-00747-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Constanza Alcaino
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Florencia Carbone
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders and University Hospital of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Peter H. Neckel
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Institute of Clinical Anatomy and Cell Analysis, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Naomi E. B. Tjaden
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
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Nagai Y, Kawai K, Nozawa H, Sasaki K, Murono K, Emoto S, Yokoyama Y, Matsuzaki H, Abe S, Sonoda H, Yoshioka Y, Shinagawa T, Ishihara S. Three-dimensional visualization of the total mesorectal excision plane for dissection in rectal cancer surgery and its ability to predict surgical difficulty. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2130. [PMID: 36747080 PMCID: PMC9902389 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29426-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Total mesorectal excision (TME) for rectal cancer is often technically challenging. We aimed to develop a method for three-dimensional (3D) visualization of the TME dissection plane and to evaluate its ability to predict surgical difficulty. Sixty-six patients with lower rectal cancer who underwent robot-assisted surgery were retrospectively analyzed. A 3D TME dissection plane image for each case was reconstructed using Ziostation2. Subsequently, a novel index that reflects accessibility to the deep pelvis during TME, namely, the TME difficulty index, was defined and measured. Representative bony pelvimetry parameters and clinicopathological factors were also analyzed. The operative time for TME was used as an indicator of surgical difficulty. Univariate regression analysis revealed that sex, body mass index, mesorectal fat area, and TME difficulty index were associated with the operative time for TME, whereas bony pelvimetry parameters were not. Multivariate regression analysis found that TME difficulty index (β = - 0.398, P = 0.0025) and mesorectal fat area (β = 0.223, P = 0.045) had significant predictability for the operative time for TME. Compared with conventional bony pelvimetry parameters, the TME difficulty index and mesorectal fat area might be more useful in predicting the difficulty of rectal cancer surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzo Nagai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Kazushige Kawai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nozawa
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Sasaki
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Koji Murono
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Emoto
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Yokoyama
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Matsuzaki
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shinya Abe
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Sonoda
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Yoshioka
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takahide Shinagawa
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ishihara
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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Andrade MCR, Lemos BRP, de Araújo Lopes CA, de Jesus Barbosa Ribeiro M, da Silva LM, Knackfuss FB, Viana CF. Morphometry of cryopreserved organs from the gastrointestinal system of squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus, Linnaeus, 1758) for improvement of management. J Med Primatol 2023; 52:34-44. [PMID: 36039638 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonhuman primates (NHPs) are fundamental for countless types of research and their phylogenetic similarities with humans make them valuable biomodels. Saimiri (squirrel monkeys) is the New World simian genus that is most widely used in research; however, little is known about the morphology of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of these animals. METHODS The morphological and topographical aspects of GIT organs from 14 previously frozen carcasses of captive squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) were described as a means for refining clinical and laboratory diagnoses, with the aim of providing a basis for clinical assessments and animal management. The carcasses were gradually thawed, macroscopically evaluated for their appearance, measured, weighed, photographed, and necropsied. The characteristics of all the GIT organs (main and accessories) were evaluated, with measurement of the dimensions and description of the shape, consistency, and color of each one. RESULTS The stomach of squirrel monkeys is simple and of non-compartmentalized type and the cecum does not have numerous folds, compared with other species. These characteristics are compatible with omnivorous simian species with no adaptive digestive specialization for the food fermentation process. Significant correlations were found between the weights of the carcass and GIT (p < .05); carcass and tongue (0.83; p < .01); and liver and right salivary gland (0.83; p < .01). It was also observed that the animals showed good body score conformation and GIT organs in good condition, which indicated that their nutritional management had been adequate. Regarding the correlations found among the organs: (i) squirrel monkeys with heavier carcasses had better-developed GIT with greater food storage capacity; (ii) the bigger the animal was, the greater its overall muscle development was, including that of the tongue, which would enable intensification of its feeding activity; and (iii) the measurements of the esophagus, small and large intestines, pancreas, and salivary glands were not sex-dependent in Saimiri sciureus. CONCLUSIONS Previously cryopreserved carcasses of squirrel monkeys can be used for gastrointestinal system studies, with the potential to make clinical, zootechnical, management, and scientific contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bárbara Regina Pickler Lemos
- Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biomodelos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Larissa Melo da Silva
- Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biomodelos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Universidade do Grande Rio, Duque de Caixas, Brazil
| | | | - Clênio Fernandes Viana
- Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biomodelos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Sablich R, Urbano MT, Scarpa M, Scognamiglio F, Paviotti A, Savarino E. Vedolizumab is superior to infliximab in biologic naïve patients with ulcerative colitis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1816. [PMID: 36725872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28907-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There are no prospective, head-to-head, controlled trials comparing the efficacy and safety of Infliximab (IFX) and Vedolizumab (VDZ) for the treatment of moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC), while only a few real-life retrospective studies have been published so far. We assessed the efficacy of IFX vs. VDZ in two cohorts of biologic-naïve outpatients with moderate-to-severe UC or mild, but refractory, disease. Data were extracted from patients' files and reviewed. The duration of follow-up (FU) was 52 weeks. The primary endpoint was the clinical remission (CR) at the end of FU. Secondary endpoints were: drug persistency, time to obtain CR, clinical response at the end of the induction phase (IP), steroid-free CR (compared to patients who used steroids at baseline) at the end of FU, need for drug optimization, adverse events (AEs), and normalization of C-reactive protein (CRP). We also analyzed the causes of dropping out (primary non-response), or secondary loss of response (immunogenic or not), for each group. We enrolled 82 patients (50 IFX and 32 VDZ) who met the inclusion criteria. At the end of FU, CR was obtained in 32% of the patients on IFX and 75% on VDZ (p = 0.0003). Drug persistency was superior for VDZ compared to IFX (78% vs. 52%, p = 0.033). Clinical response at the end of induction was reached in 54% and in 81% in the IFX and VDZ group, respectively (p = 0.014). Steroid-free clinical remission at the end of FU was 62% and 94% in the IFX vs. VDZ group, respectively (p = 0.036). The need for drug optimization was higher for VDZ than for IFX (28% vs. 57%, p = 0.009), while the time to obtain CR, the incidence of AEs, mean duration of FU, and rate of CRP normalization at the end of IP were comparable between the two groups. There was a prevalence of patients dropping out because of primary non-response in IFX group (p = 0.027), while the incidence of secondary loss of response was similar in the two groups. At the multivariate analysis, CRP and Partial Mayo Score (PMS) at T0 did not correlate with CR at the end of FU in both groups. In this retrospective, real world data study in biologic-naïve patients, VDZ was superior to IFX in CR, clinical response rate at the end of IP, drug persistency, steroid-free remission, and need for optimization at the end of FU.
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Youn JK, Park SJ, Choi YH, Han JW, Ko D, Byun J, Yang HB, Kim HY. Application of 3D printing technology for pre-operative evaluation, education and informed consent in pediatric retroperitoneal tumors. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1671. [PMID: 36717595 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28423-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate usefulness of 3D printing for preoperative evaluations, student and resident education, and communication with parents or guardians of patients with pediatric retroperitoneal tumors. Ten patients planning retroperitoneal tumor resection between March and November 2019 were included. Preoperative computed tomography (CT) images were used for 3D reconstruction and printing. Surveyed items were understanding of preoperative lesions with 3 different modules (CT, 3D reconstruction, and 3D printing) by students, residents, and specialists; satisfaction of specialists; and comprehension by guardians after preoperative explanations with each module. The median age at operation was 4.2 years (range, 1.8-18.1), and 8 patients were diagnosed with neuroblastoma. The 3D printing was the most understandable module for all groups (for students, residents, and specialists, P = 0.002, 0.027, 0.013, respectively). No significant intraoperative adverse events or immediate postoperative complications occurred. All specialists stated that 3D printing enhanced their understanding of cases. Guardians answered that 3D printing were the easiest to comprehend among the 3 modules (P = 0.007). Use of 3D printing in treatment of pediatric patients with retroperitoneal tumors was useful for preoperative planning, education, and parental explaining with obtaining informed consents.
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Carstens M, Rinner FM, Bodenstedt S, Jenke AC, Weitz J, Distler M, Speidel S, Kolbinger FR. The Dresden Surgical Anatomy Dataset for Abdominal Organ Segmentation in Surgical Data Science. Sci Data 2023; 10:3. [PMID: 36635312 PMCID: PMC9837071 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01719-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Laparoscopy is an imaging technique that enables minimally-invasive procedures in various medical disciplines including abdominal surgery, gynaecology and urology. To date, publicly available laparoscopic image datasets are mostly limited to general classifications of data, semantic segmentations of surgical instruments and low-volume weak annotations of specific abdominal organs. The Dresden Surgical Anatomy Dataset provides semantic segmentations of eight abdominal organs (colon, liver, pancreas, small intestine, spleen, stomach, ureter, vesicular glands), the abdominal wall and two vessel structures (inferior mesenteric artery, intestinal veins) in laparoscopic view. In total, this dataset comprises 13195 laparoscopic images. For each anatomical structure, we provide over a thousand images with pixel-wise segmentations. Annotations comprise semantic segmentations of single organs and one multi-organ-segmentation dataset including segments for all eleven anatomical structures. Moreover, we provide weak annotations of organ presence for every single image. This dataset markedly expands the horizon for surgical data science applications of computer vision in laparoscopic surgery and could thereby contribute to a reduction of risks and faster translation of Artificial Intelligence into surgical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Carstens
- grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Franziska M. Rinner
- grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bodenstedt
- grid.461742.20000 0000 8855 0365Division of Translational Surgical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT/UCC) Dresden, Dresden, Germany ,grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander C. Jenke
- grid.461742.20000 0000 8855 0365Division of Translational Surgical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT/UCC) Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jürgen Weitz
- grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany ,grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany ,grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marius Distler
- grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany ,grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany ,grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefanie Speidel
- grid.461742.20000 0000 8855 0365Division of Translational Surgical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT/UCC) Dresden, Dresden, Germany ,grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany ,grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Fiona R. Kolbinger
- grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany ,grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Pentakota N, Abuji K, Vaddavalli VV, Sakaray Y. Retrocecal hernia with small bowel obstruction: a review of literature. BMJ Case Rep 2023; 16:e252355. [PMID: 36631169 PMCID: PMC9835861 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-252355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Retrocecal hernia, a type of internal hernia, is a rare cause of small bowel obstruction. It can come as a surprise to the operating surgeon if not diagnosed preoperatively. We hereby report a case of retrocecal hernia presenting with small bowel obstruction. A man in his early 60s presented to the emergency department with recurrent episodes of vomiting associated with abdominal pain for 3 days and the inability to pass flatus for 1 day. Preoperative imaging revealed multiple air-fluid levels with a transition point in the terminal ileum suggestive of small bowel obstruction. After adequate resuscitation, emergency laparotomy was performed, and intraoperatively, herniated ileal loop through a retrocecal defect was identified as a cause of obstruction. Herniated ileal loop was reduced, followed by the closure of the defect and cecopexy. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged in a stable condition. He was asymptomatic on follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Pentakota
- General Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kishore Abuji
- General Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Yashwant Sakaray
- General Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Radhakrishnan ST, Gallagher KI, Mullish BH, Serrano-Contreras JI, Alexander JL, Miguens Blanco J, Danckert NP, Valdivia-Garcia M, Hopkins BJ, Ghai A, Ayub A, Li JV, Marchesi JR, Williams HRT. Rectal swabs as a viable alternative to faecal sampling for the analysis of gut microbiota functionality and composition. Sci Rep 2023; 13:493. [PMID: 36627399 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27131-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Faecal or biopsy samples are frequently used to analyse the gut microbiota, but issues remain with the provision and collection of such samples. Rectal swabs are widely-utilised in clinical practice and previous data demonstrate their potential role in microbiota analyses; however, studies to date have been heterogenous, and there are a particular lack of data concerning the utility of swabs for the analysis of the microbiota's functionality and metabolome. We compared paired stool and rectal swab samples from healthy individuals to investigate whether rectal swabs are a reliable proxy for faecal sampling. There were no significant differences in key alpha and beta diversity measures between swab and faecal samples, and inter-subject variability was preserved. Additionally, no significant differences were demonstrated in abundance of major annotated phyla. Inferred gut functionality using Tax4Fun2 showed excellent correlation between the two sampling techniques (Pearson's coefficient r = 0.9217, P < 0.0001). Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy enabled the detection of 20 metabolites, with overall excellent correlation identified between rectal swab and faecal samples for levels all metabolites collectively, although more variable degrees of association between swab and stool for levels of individual metabolites. These data support the utility of rectal swabs in both compositional and functional analyses of the gut microbiota.
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Minamimura K, Hara K, Matsumoto S, Yasuda T, Arai H, Kakinuma D, Ohshiro Y, Kawano Y, Watanabe M, Suzuki H, Yoshida H. Current Status of Robotic Gastrointestinal Surgery. J NIPPON MED SCH 2023; 90:308-315. [PMID: 37690822 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.jnms.2023_90-404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Development of surgical support robots began in the 1980s as a navigation and auxiliary device for endoscopic surgery. For remote surgery on the battlefield, a master-slave-type surgical support robot was developed, in which a console surgeon operates the robot at will. The da Vinci surgical system, which currently dominates the global robotic surgery market, received United States Food and Drug Administration and regulatory approval in Japan in 2000 and 2009 respectively. The latest, fourth generation, da Vinci Xi has a good field of view via a three-dimensional monitor, highly operable forceps, a motion scale function, and a tremor-filtered articulated function. Gastroenterological tract robotic surgery is safe and minimally invasive when accessing and operating on the esophagus, stomach, colon, and rectum. The learning curve is said to be short, and robotic surgery will likely be standardized soon. Therefore, robotic surgery training should be systematized for young surgeons so that it can be further standardized and later adapted to a wider range of surgeries. This article reviews current trends and potential developments in robotic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Keisuke Hara
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | | | - Tomohiko Yasuda
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Hiroki Arai
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Daisuke Kakinuma
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Yukio Ohshiro
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Youichi Kawano
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | | | - Hideyuki Suzuki
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
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Yokoyama Y, Ohta Y, Ogasawara S, Kato J, Arai R, Koseki H, Saito M, Kaneko T, Tokunaga M, Oura H, Oike T, Imai Y, Kanayama K, Akizue N, Kumagai J, Taida T, Okimoto K, Saito K, Ooka Y, Matsumura T, Nakagawa T, Arai M, Katsuno T, Fukuda Y, Kitsukawa Y, Kato N. The long-term effect of biologics in patients with ulcerative colitis emerging from a large Japanese cohort. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21060. [PMID: 36473879 PMCID: PMC9727107 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25218-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To gain a better understanding of the effects of biologics, we evaluated clinical outcomes in patients with moderate to severe exacerbations of ulcerative colitis (UC). This retrospective, multicenter study retrieved the entire clinical courses of UC patients who began treatments between 2004 and 2018. All exacerbations and clinical parameters, including treatment details for exacerbations and both remission and re-exacerbation dates, were identified during the observation period. Two different endpoints, the cumulative incidence rates of surgical resection and re-exacerbation, were evaluated separately in moderate to severe exacerbation events. Among 1401 patients, 1626 exacerbation events were determined according to a partial Mayo score (remission: < 2, mild: 2-4, moderate: 5-7, and severe: > 7). During the observation period, as administration rates of biologics increased, both surgical resection and hospitalization rates decreased, for 959 moderate to severe exacerbation events. We confirmed that biologics significantly reduced the cumulative re-exacerbation rate in moderate to severe exacerbation events during the study period compared with suboptimal therapies (a 0.507-fold decreased risk according to COX regression analysis, P < 0.001). However, they had not enough impact in reducing the cumulative incidence rate of surgical resection in moderate to severe exacerbation events that were corticosteroid-refractory or dependent (a 0.878-fold decreased risk according to COX regression analysis, P = 0.606). Biologics may improve remission duration, but these agents had no significant impact in reducing the risk of surgical resection in moderate to severe active UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Yokoyama
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Yuki Ohta
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Sadahisa Ogasawara
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan ,grid.411321.40000 0004 0632 2959Translational Research and Development Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jun Kato
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Ryoko Arai
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Hirotaka Koseki
- grid.459433.c0000 0004 1771 9951Department of Gastroenterology, Chiba Aoba Municipal Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masaya Saito
- Department of Gastroenterology, Seikeikai Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kaneko
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Mamoru Tokunaga
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Hirotaka Oura
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Tsubasa Oike
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Yushi Imai
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Kengo Kanayama
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Naoki Akizue
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Junichiro Kumagai
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Takashi Taida
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Kenichiro Okimoto
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Keiko Saito
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Ooka
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Tomoaki Matsumura
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Tomoo Nakagawa
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Makoto Arai
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan ,grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Medical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Katsuno
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Fukuda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Seikeikai Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kitsukawa
- grid.459433.c0000 0004 1771 9951Department of Gastroenterology, Chiba Aoba Municipal Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoya Kato
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
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Mohamadian M, Parsamanesh N, Chiti H, Sathyapalan T, Sahebkar A. Protective effects of curcumin on ischemia/reperfusion injury. Phytother Res 2022; 36:4299-4324. [PMID: 36123613 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a term used to describe phenomena connected to the dysfunction of various tissue damage due to reperfusion after ischemic injury. While I/R may result in systemic inflammatory response syndrome or multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, there is still a long way to improve therapeutic outcomes. A number of cellular metabolic and ultrastructural alterations occur by prolonged ischemia. Ischemia increases the expression of proinflammatory gene products and bioactive substances within the endothelium, such as cytokines, leukocytes, and adhesion molecules, even as suppressing the expression of other "protective" gene products and substances, such as thrombomodulin and constitutive nitric oxide synthase (e.g., prostacyclin, nitric oxide [NO]). Curcumin is the primary phenolic pigment derived from turmeric, the powdered rhizome of Curcuma longa. Numerous studies have shown that curcumin has strong antiinflammatory and antioxidant characteristics. It also prevents lipid peroxidation and scavenges free radicals like superoxide anion, singlet oxygen, NO, and hydroxyl. In our study, we highlight the mechanisms of protective effects of curcumin against I/R injury in various organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Mohamadian
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Negin Parsamanesh
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hossein Chiti
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Bastyans S, Jackson S, Fejer G. Micro and nano-plastics, a threat to human health? Emerg Top Life Sci 2022; 6:411-22. [PMID: 36453919 DOI: 10.1042/ETLS20220024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Micro and nanosize plastic polymers degrading from large plastic compounds are accumulating in the natural environment and expose potential biological threats to human health. These particles are largely persistent and consequently accumulate in the exposed individuals. The presence of microplastics has already been demonstrated in various human organs including the lung, the gastrointestinal system and the blood raising concerns about their possible harmful effects. The chemical composition, size and shape of microplastics as well as their weathering status represent important factors influencing the potential impact of microplastics on tissues. In addition, microplastics can function as vectors for adsorbed chemical compounds and may harbour and deliver live microbial pathogens or their ligands. In vitro and in vivo animal studies demonstrated that microplastics are taken up to cells in a size and cell type dependent manner. Once inside the targeted cell they activate oxidative processes, mitochondrial dysfunction and ER-stress. These molecular processes result in the activation or repression of cell type specific functions and potentially in the induction of cytotoxicity. The microplastic elicited events may result in inflammation, organ damage and fibrosis of the targeted organs as well as in systemic immunological and metabolic conditions. In addition, microplastics may impact on the gut microbiota which may exert further gastrointestinal and systemic metabolic and immunological effects. In this minireview, we evaluate the factors and mechanisms that influence potential microplastic induced cellular and organ pathologies in humans and discuss limitations of current understanding regarding microplastic elicited conditions as well as future perspectives for research.
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Chaudhari A, Wang X, Roblyer L, Sanghavi R, Liu H, Ortigoza EB. Frequency-specific electrogastrography as a non-invasive tool to measure gastrointestinal maturity in preterm infants. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20728. [PMID: 36456633 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24110-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteral feeding is challenging in preterm infants because of gastrointestinal (GI) immaturity. Electrogastrography (EGG) is a non-invasive technology that measures gastric myoelectrical activity and can be utilized to measure changes that occur with maturation at different gestational ages (GA). Three gastric rhythms (GR) exist between 0.5-9 cycles per minute (cpm), namely, bradygastria (0.5 ≤ GR < 2 cpm), normogastria (2 ≤ GR < 4 cpm), and tachygastria (4 ≤ GR < 9 cpm). We aimed to characterize EGG-derived parameters for different GA by quantifying (1) power spectral density (PSD) and its spectral means at three GR bands (i.e., mPSDGR) and (2) the percent (%) time spent in each band. Data analyzed was from a longitudinal cohort of preterm infants (n = 51) born at early, mid, and term GA of < 29, 29-33, and ≥ 37 weeks, respectively. Weekly EGG monitoring was performed until 40 weeks' postmenstrual age or discharge. Pre-, during, and post-feed data were analyzed for mPSDGR at each GR band. Also, % bradygastria, % normogastria, and % tachygastria were calculated by continuous wavelet transform analysis. Results showed (1) mPSD values in normogastria and tachygastria during feeding increased with advancing GA, and (2) % normogastria increased with advancing GA regardless of GR ranges, suggesting EGG may measure GI maturity in preterm infants.
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KALAYCIK SENGUL O, BEKEN B, OZTURK Z, OZPINAR S, OZKAN G, GUNGOR G. Gastrointestinal System Involvement in Pediatric Patients with Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Medeni Med J 2022; 37:332-338. [PMID: 36578161 PMCID: PMC9808857 DOI: 10.4274/mmj.galenos.2022.79674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has been reported widely. In this study, the prevalence of gastrointestinal system (GIS) involvement in pediatric COVID-19 and its effect on prognosis were investigated. Methods Children (aged 0-18 years) with acute COVID-19 were included in the study. The patients were grouped according to system involvement: isolated respiratory system (RS), isolated GIS, and combination of both (RS+GIS). These groups were compared in terms of demographic data, clinical characteristics, laboratory and imaging findings, and hospitalization. Results A total of 223 pediatric patients were included in the study. Of these patients, 19 were asymptomatic, 12 were diagnosed with a multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, 21 had chronic disorders that may affect disease severity, and 27 had symptoms not related to RS or GIS. The remaining 144 patients were classified according to system involvement: 79 (35.4%), 14 (6.3%), and 51 (22.9%) had isolated RS, isolated GIS, and RS+GIS involvement, respectively. The GIS group was much younger than the RS group (median, 30 and 150 months, respectively, p=0.006). Three patients from the RS group were followed in the intensive care unit (ICU). Moreover, 17 (21.5%) and 4 (7.8%) patients from the RS group had severe-critical respiratory symptoms, in the RS+GIS group had severe-critical respiratory symptoms (p=0.039). Conclusions Our study showed that GIS involvement in children with COVID-19 is more prevalent than RS involvement in the younger age group. Respiratory symptom severity and ICU admission also decreased with accompanying GIS involvement. GIS involvement was still associated with a milder disease course after adjustment for age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem KALAYCIK SENGUL
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burcin BEKEN
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey,* Address for Correspondence: University of Health Sciences Turkey, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey E-mail:
| | - Zehra OZTURK
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seyma OZPINAR
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem OZKAN
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem GUNGOR
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Istanbul, Turkey
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Onesimo R, Giorgio V, Viscogliosi G, Sforza E, Kuczynska E, Margiotta G, Iademarco M, Proli F, Rigante D, Zampino G, Leoni C. Management of nutritional and gastrointestinal issues in RASopathies: A narrative review. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 2022; 190:478-493. [PMID: 36515923 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.32019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Noonan, Costello, and cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome are neurodevelopmental disorders belonging to the RASopathies, a group of syndromes caused by alterations in the RAS/MAPK pathway. They are characterized by similar clinical features, among which feeding difficulties, growth delay, and gastro-intestinal disorders are frequent, causing pain and discomfort in patients. Hereby, we describe the main nutritional and gastrointestinal issues reported in individuals with RASopathies, specifically in Noonan syndrome, Noonan syndrome-related disorders, Costello, and cardio-facio-cutaneous syndromes. Fifty percent of children with Noonan syndrome may experience feeding difficulties that usually have a spontaneous resolution by the second year of life, especially associated to genes different than PTPN11 and SOS1. More severe manifestations often require artificial enteral nutrition in infancy are observed in Costello syndrome, mostly associated to c.34G>A substitution in the HRAS gene. In cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome feeding issues are usually present (90-100% of cases), especially in individuals carrying variants in BRAF, MAP2K1, and MAP2K2 genes, and artificial enteral intervention, even after scholar age, may be required. Moreover, disorders associated with gastrointestinal dysmotility as gastro-esophageal reflux and constipation are commonly reported in all the above-mentioned syndromes. Given the impact on growth and on the quality of life of these patients, early evaluation and prompt personalized management plans are fundamental.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Onesimo
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Giorgio
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Germana Viscogliosi
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Sforza
- DIpartimento Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Eliza Kuczynska
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaia Margiotta
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariella Iademarco
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Proli
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Donato Rigante
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,DIpartimento Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zampino
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,DIpartimento Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Leoni
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Gierke H, Pfrommer T, Schäfer K, Weitschies W, Nolte T. Pharmacobezoar Formation From HPMC-AS-Containing Spray-Dried Formulations in Nonclinical Safety Studies in Rats. Toxicol Pathol 2022; 50:920-929. [PMID: 36541591 DOI: 10.1177/01926233221145112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Changing the physical state from crystalline to amorphous is an elegant method to increase the bioavailability of poorly soluble new chemical entity (NCE) drug candidates. Subsequently, we report findings from repeat-dose toxicity studies of an NCE formulated as a spray-dried amorphous solid dispersion (SD-ASD) based on hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMC-AS) in rats. At necropsy, agglomerates of SD-ASD were found in the stomach and small intestine, which in reference to literature were termed pharmacobezoars. We interpreted the pH-dependent insolubility of HPMC-AS in the acidic gastric environment to be a precondition for pharmacobezoar formation. Gastric pharmacobezoars were not associated with clinical signs or alterations of clinical pathology parameters. Pharmacobezoar-correlated histopathological findings were limited to the stomach and consisted of atrophy, erosion, ulcer, and inflammation, predominantly of the nonglandular mucosa. Pharmacobezoars in the small intestines induced obstructive ileus with overt clinical signs which required unscheduled euthanasia, prominent alterations of clinical pathology parameters indicative of hypotonic dehydration, degenerative and inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract, and secondary renal findings. The incidence of pharmacobezoars increased with dose and duration of dosing. Besides the relevance of pharmacobezoars to animal welfare, they limit the non-observed adverse effect level in nonclinical testing programs and conclusively their informative value.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teresa Pfrommer
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Kerstin Schäfer
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Nolte
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
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Abstract
While MRI and CT are the gold standards for assessments of splenic size in clinical settings, ultrasonography is particularly suited due to its portability, cost efficiency and easy utilization. However, ultrasonography is associated with subjective assessment, potentially resulting in increased variation. We used a test-retest design aiming to determine the reliability of splenic measurements assessed by ultrasonography during apnea. In addition, we compared reliability between different equations for volume calculations: Koga, Prolate ellipsoid and Pilström. Twelve healthy participants (6 women) performed two tests separated by 15 min, comprising a maximal voluntary apnea in a seated position. Splenic dimensions were measured via ultrasonography for 5 min before and immediately following apnea. Resting splenic volume displayed high test-retest reliability between tests (Pilström: 157 ± 39 mL vs 156 ± 34 mL, p = .651, ICC = .970, p < .001, CV = 2.98 ± 0.1%; Prolate ellipsoid: 154 ± 37 mL vs 144 ± 43 mL, p = .122, ICC = .942, p < .001, CV = 5.47 ± 0.3%; Koga: 142 ± 37 mL vs 140 ± 59 mL, p = .845, ICC = .859, p < .001, CV = 9.72 ± 1.4%). Apnea-induced volumes displayed similar reliability (127 ± 29 mL vs 129 ± 28 mL, p = .359, ICC = .967, p < .001, CV = 3.14 ± 3.1%). Reliability was also high between equations (Pilström vs Prolate ellipsoid: ICC = .818, p < .001, CV = 7.33 ± 0.3%, bias = - 3.1 mL, LoA = - 46.9 to 40.7 mL; Pilström vs Koga: ICC = .618, p < .01, CV = 11.83 ± 1.1%, bias = - 14.8 mL, LoA = - 76.9 to 47.3 mL). We conclude that splenic ultrasonographic measurements have practical applications during laboratory and field-based research as a reliable method detecting splenic volume change consistently between repeated tests. The Pilström equation displayed similar reliability compared to the prolate ellipsoid formula and slightly higher compared to the Koga formula and may be particularly useful to account for individual differences in splenic dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pontus Holmström
- grid.29050.3e0000 0001 1530 0805Environmental Physiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Kunskapsgatan 4, 83140 Östersund, Sweden
| | - Frank Pernett
- grid.29050.3e0000 0001 1530 0805Environmental Physiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Kunskapsgatan 4, 83140 Östersund, Sweden
| | - Erika Schagatay
- grid.29050.3e0000 0001 1530 0805Environmental Physiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Kunskapsgatan 4, 83140 Östersund, Sweden ,grid.29050.3e0000 0001 1530 0805Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
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