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Taylor AKL, Bartels HC, Brophy DP, O'Brien D, Corcoran SM. Imaging and video of late preterm delivery by midline laparotomy due to incarcerated uterus: A case report and literature review of a rare but morbid condition. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2024. [PMID: 38610116 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.15536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Incarcerated gravid uterus (IGU) is a rare and serious obstetric complication. IGU is defined as the entrapment of the gravid uterus between the pubic symphysis and the sacral promontory. The incidence of IGU is 1 in 3000-10 000 cases. IGU is associated with significant obstetric complications, including preterm labor, intrauterine fetal death, growth restriction, renal failure, uterine ischemia/rupture and thrombosis. Here, we present the case of a primigravida with urinary retention at 14 weeks. On transabdominal ultrasound at 19+5/7 weeks the cervix was difficult to visualize, and the anterior uterine wall appeared thickened. The bladder was elongated superior to the uterus and the placenta was low-lying. Initially the patient was managed with intermittent self-catheterization, and subsequently indwelling catheterization was required from 22 weeks. At 30 weeks, the patient was transferred to a tertiary center and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was preformed due to challenging visualization of the cervix on ultrasound and the patient's continued symptoms of constipation and recurrent urinary infections. The MRI found a retroflexed gravid uterus, with vagina and endocervix displaced anteriorly and compressed by the gravid uterus. The findings were consistent with an incarcerated uterus. The patient subsequently had positive urinary cultures for Pseudomonas and rising creatinine. Given the obstructive uropathy and associated morbidity and mortality, a plan for elective pre-term delivery at 33+6/7 weeks was made. Delivery was by midline laparotomy, normal anatomy was restored after manual evacuation of the fundus from below the sacral promontory, and an uncomplicated lower segment transverse uterine cesarean section was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K L Taylor
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - H C Bartels
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Gynaecology Department, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D P Brophy
- Radiology Department, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D O'Brien
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Gynaecology Department, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S M Corcoran
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Chao S, Weber W, Iserson KV, Goett R, Baker EF, McGuire SS, Bissmeyer P, Derse AR, Kumar N, Brenner JM. Best practice guidelines for evaluating patients in custody in the emergency department. J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open 2024; 5:e13143. [PMID: 38524358 PMCID: PMC10960077 DOI: 10.1002/emp2.13143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients in custody due to arrest or incarceration are a vulnerable population that present a unique ethical and logistical challenge for emergency physicians (EPs). People incarcerated in the United States have a constitutional right to health care. When caring for these patients, EPs must balance their ethical obligations to the patient with security and safety concerns. They should refer to their institutional policy for guidance and their local, state, and federal laws, when applicable. Hospital legal counsel and risk management also can be helpful resources. EPs should communicate early and openly with law enforcement personnel to ensure security and emergency department staff safety is maintained while meeting the patient's medical needs. Physicians should consider the least restrictive restraints necessary to ensure security while allowing for medical evaluation and treatment. They should also protect patient privacy as much as possible within departmental constraints, promote the patient's autonomous medical decision-making, and be mindful of ways that medical information could interact with the legal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Chao
- Department of Emergency MedicineMichigan MedicineAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - William Weber
- Department of Emergency MedicineRush UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Kenneth V. Iserson
- Department of Emergency MedicineThe University of ArizonaTucsonArizonaUSA
| | - Rebecca Goett
- Department of Emergency MedicineRutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNew JerseyUSA
| | | | | | - Paul Bissmeyer
- Department of Emergency MedicineOrange Park HospitalJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Arthur R. Derse
- Center for Bioethics and Medical Humanities and Department of Emergency MedicineMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Nishi Kumar
- College of LawLoyola University New OrleansNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | - Jay M. Brenner
- Department of Emergency MedicineSUNY‐Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA
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Nijhawan AE, Pulitzer Z, Torres B, Noreen N, Schultheis A, Frank C, Colon R, Brooks R, Proffitt R, Pankow J, Bennett A, Salyards M, Kuo I, Knight K, Springer SA. HIV Risk and Interest in Preexposure Prophylaxis in Justice-Involved Persons. Emerg Infect Dis 2024; 30:S68-S74. [PMID: 38561803 PMCID: PMC10986824 DOI: 10.3201/eid3013.230739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is underused in persons who use drugs and justice-involved persons. In an ongoing randomized controlled trial in 4 US locations comparing patient navigation versus mobile health unit on time to initiation of HIV medication or PrEP for justice-involved persons who use stimulants or opioids and who are at risk for or living with HIV, we assessed HIV risk factors, perceived HIV risk, and interest in PrEP. Participants without HIV (n = 195) were 77% men, 65% White, 23% Black, and 26% Hispanic; 73% reported a recent history of condomless sex, mainly with partners of unknown HIV status. Of 34% (67/195) reporting injection drug use, 43% reported sharing equipment. Despite risk factors, many persons reported their risk for acquiring HIV as low (47%) or no (43%) risk, although 51/93 (55%) with PrEP indications reported interest in PrEP. Justice-involved persons who use drugs underestimated their HIV risk and might benefit from increased PrEP education efforts.
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Lingerfelt C, Hutson S, Thomas S, Morgan KH. An Interpretive Description of Drug Withdrawal Among Pregnant Women in Jail. Nurs Womens Health 2024:S1751-4851(24)00042-4. [PMID: 38522481 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwh.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the experience of drug withdrawal among pregnant women in jail. DESIGN A qualitative interpretive descriptive approach. SETTING/PROBLEM The care of incarcerated pregnant women constitutes a complex and significant public health problem. Many have substance use disorder (SUD) and cycle in and out of jails in their community, resulting in repeated experiences of drug withdrawal. Most jails do not provide medication-assisted therapy for management of withdrawal, a situation that violates standards of care set by leading health organizations. The experience of drug withdrawal among pregnant women in jail has not been qualitatively explored in the literature. PARTICIPANTS Five women completed interviews for the study. INTERVENTION In-depth, qualitative interviews. RESULTS Five themes with subthemes emerged from the interviews: Framing the Story Through Life History: I Need You to Know Where I Come From, Patterns of Thinking About Substance Use, The Manifestations of Withdrawal: Body and Mind, Perceived Punishment for Drug Use During Pregnancy, and Mixed Perceptions of Withdrawal Treatment. CONCLUSION Participants told a story beyond that of the physical withdrawal symptoms, revealing new insights into their maternal distress and the need for compassionate, nonstigmatized care to address physical and mental symptoms, as well as advocacy for the provision of an evidence-based standard of care. Nurses who care for pregnant women with SUD in the jail setting could benefit from collaborative relationships with other health care professionals in the community to reduce disparate health outcomes for this vulnerable population.
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Banerjee A, Mackey SC, Vest N, Darnall BD. Pain in US corrections settings: the promise of digital solutions for better data and treatment access. Pain Med 2024; 25:165-168. [PMID: 37950495 PMCID: PMC10906706 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnad150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Banerjee
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States
| | - Sean C Mackey
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States
| | - Noel Vest
- Department of Community Health Science, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, United States
| | - Beth D Darnall
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States
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Barnert ES, Jara J, Lee J, Vassar S, Tunador F, Abrams L, Grella C, Wong M. Health and Care Needs of Young Adults Exiting Jail. J Correct Health Care 2024; 30:22-32. [PMID: 38117682 PMCID: PMC11071094 DOI: 10.1089/jchc.23.01.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Reentry is a difficult juncture for young adults (ages 18-24 years), who simultaneously face challenges of emerging adulthood. Although their health-related needs may be substantial, little is reported on young adults' reentry health care and social service needs. Furthermore, empirical measurements of factors affecting their engagement in reentry services after jail are lacking. We sought to describe health needs and predictors of linkages to reentry services for the 2,525 young adult participants in the Whole Person Care-LA Reentry program (WPC Reentry). Descriptive statistics were calculated and chi-square tests, t tests, and logistic regression were performed to identify factors associated with linkage to WPC Reentry postrelease compared with only engaging with WPC Reentry prerelease. Most participants (72.6%) were male, 80.2% were Hispanic or Black, and 60.9% had been unhoused. Mental health (57.2%) and substance use disorders (45.8%) were common, physical health was overall good (mean Charlson Comorbidity Index score 0.53), and social needs, especially housing, were high (40.7%). Older age (i.e., closer to 25 years) and history of being unhoused were associated with higher postrelease engagement in WPC Reentry (age: odds ratio [OR] = 1.06, p = .01; history of being unhoused: OR = 1.18, p = .05). Attentiveness to younger clients and to addressing housing needs may be key for successful reentry care linkages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S. Barnert
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jessica Jara
- Department of Health Services, Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Joyce Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Stefanie Vassar
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Felix Tunador
- Department of Health Services, Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Laura Abrams
- UCLA Luskin School of Public Affairs, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Christine Grella
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mitchell Wong
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Solbakken LE, Bergvik S, Wynn R. Beliefs about mental health in incarcerated males: a qualitative interview study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1242756. [PMID: 37779608 PMCID: PMC10538968 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1242756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Beliefs about mental health are shaped by the sociocultural context. Prisons have unique environmental and social features, and the prevalence of mental health problems in incarcerated populations is exceptionally high. These features make prisons especially interesting settings for exploring health beliefs. The aim of this study was to explore the conceptualizations of mental health and coping preferences in a prison environment. Methods Individual in-depth interviews were conducted with fifteen incarcerated males from three prisons in Northern Norway. The design draws on central elements from Grounded Theory. Results Mental health was perceived as distinct from mental illness by many of the participants. They coped with the prison environment by focusing on the things that gave them a sense of meaning and autonomy - this also formed their conceptualization of mental health. Furthermore, social interaction and activities were perceived as important to enhance and maintain mental well-being, however there were institutional barriers to using these coping strategies. The prison environment was integrated in the participants conceptualizations of mental health problems, and psychosocial stressors were emphasized in causal attributions. Biological and dispositional factors were less frequently mentioned. The participants preferred non-medical management for mental health problems and most displayed a reserved attitude towards psychotropic medications. The exception was attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, for which they held neurobiological causal beliefs, together with a corresponding preference for medication as treatment. Conclusion The main finding was a firm integration of the prison context in in the participants' beliefs about mental health. We theorize that fusion of prison conditions and mental health beliefs were brought on by the processes of prisonization, observing mental distress in peers and attempts to protect self-esteem by externalizing the causes for mental health problems. Access to activities, social time, and "someone to talk to" were perceived to be crucial for improving and preserving mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Elisabeth Solbakken
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Substance Use, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Svein Bergvik
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Rolf Wynn
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Education, ICT and Learning, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
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Moreno-Suero F, Tallon-Aguilar L, Tinoco-González J, Sánchez-Arteaga A, Suárez-Grau JM, Alvarez-Aguilera M, Morales-Conde S, Padillo-Ruiz J. Laparoscopic vs. Open Approach in Emergent Inguinal Hernia: Our Experience and Review of Literature. J Abdom Wall Surg 2023; 2:11242. [PMID: 38515586 PMCID: PMC10955576 DOI: 10.3389/jaws.2023.11242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
There is currently no consensus or homogeneous recommendation about the role of the laparoscopic approach in emergent inguinal hernia surgery. The aim of this manuscript is showing our experience and results of laparoscopic approach for emergent groin hernia repair comparing with open approach. A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database between January 2011 and December 2021 of acute incarcerated groin hernia that were operated at Virgen del Rocio University Hospital. In this period, they were identified 463 patients with groin hernia that required an emergency repair. 454 patients underwent open surgery (group 1) and 36 patients underwent laparoscopic approach (TAPP procedure) (group 2). Median length stay was 1 day in lap group and 2 days in open approach. Reintervention was necessary in 20 cases (4.40%) from group 1 and one (2.27%) from group 2. In laparoscopic approach, no mortality was described but in open approach, 10 patients (2.20%) died. Globally, 58 cases (12.77%) from group 1 and six patients (16.66%) from group 2 presented any complication. Wound infection was higher in group of open repairs (5.94% vs. 2.77%). Non-surgical complications were higher in open approach (19 vs. 0). There is no statistical significance in any of these items. Laparoscopic approach is a safe, feasible and effective therapeutic option for the treatment of incarcerated groin hernia that require emergency surgery, but prospective and randomized comparative studies are needed to establish the best approach.
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Gupta R, Mathur P. Incarcerated Littre's Hernia in a Neonate Presenting as Enteroscrotal Fistula. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2023; 28:164-166. [PMID: 37197233 PMCID: PMC10185031 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_110_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A 27-day-old male neonate, presented with feculent discharge from the scrotum. Operative findings revealed incarcerated right inguinal hernia with perforated Meckel's diverticulum as its content, leading to enteroscrotal fistula. Resection of the Meckel's diverticulum and end-to-end ileoileal anastomosis was performed along with repair of inguinal hernia from within the abdominal cavity. The outcome was favorable. Enteroscrotal fistula due to incarceration of inguinal hernia is a rare presentation. We are adding to the literature, an extremely rare case of incarcerated Littre's hernia in the right inguinal region presenting as enteroscrotal fistula in a neonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Gupta
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Praveen Mathur
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Yagnik VD, Dawka S, Garg P, Bhattacharya K. An incarcerated epigastric hernia containing stomach. Trop Doct 2023; 53:305-306. [PMID: 36744367 DOI: 10.1177/00494755231154301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Most epigastric hernia contains preperitoneal fat or the omentum. Intraabdominal organ herniation is rare and, if present, contains mostly small bowel. Incarcerated epigastric hernia having the stomach as content is infrequent, and only one case has been reported in the literature so far. Herein, we report a rare case of incarcerated epigastric hernia that contains the stomach and was managed with emergency hernioplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipul D Yagnik
- Director and Consultant Surgeon, Surgical Gastroenterology, Director and Consultant Surgical Gastroenterologist, 552925Nishtha Surgical Hospital and Research Centre, Patan, Gujarat, India
| | - Sushil Dawka
- Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, SSR Medical College, Belle Rive, Mauritius
| | - Pankaj Garg
- Chief Colorectal Surgeon, Colorectal Surgery, Garg Fistula Research Institute (GFRI), Panchkula, Haryana, India
| | - Kaushik Bhattacharya
- Consultant Surgeon, Department of Surgery, CAPFs Composite Hospital BSF Kadamtala, Siliguri, West Bengal, India
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Barnert ES, Scannell C, Ashtari N, Albertson E. Policy Solutions to End Gaps in Medicaid Coverage during Reentry after Incarceration in the United States: Experts' Recommendations. Z Gesundh Wiss 2022; 30:2201-2209. [PMID: 36172337 PMCID: PMC9512259 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-021-01483-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Aims We sought to gather experts' perspectives on Medicaid coverage gaps during reentry to identify high-yield policy solutions to improve the health of justice-involved individuals in the United States. Subject and Methods We interviewed 28 experts at the intersection of Medicaid and criminal justice via telephone between November 2018 and April 2019. Interviewees included Medicaid administrators, health and justice officials, policy makers, and health policy researchers. We performed thematic analysis of semi-structured interview transcripts to identify emergent themes and distill policy recommendations. Results Three themes emerged: 1) Medicaid coverage gaps during reentry contribute to poor health outcomes and recidivism, 2) Excessive burden on justice-involved people to re-activate Medicaid leads to coverage gaps, and 3) Scalable policy solutions exist to eliminate Medicaid coverage gaps during reentry. Policy recommendations centered on ending the federal "inmate exclusion," delaying Medicaid de-activation at intake, and promoting re-activation by reentry. Experts viewed coverage gaps as problematic, viewed current approaches as inefficient and burdensome to families and systems, and recommended several policy solutions. Conclusion By pursuing strategies to eliminate Medicaid gaps during reentry, policymakers can improve health outcomes and efficiency of government spending on healthcare, and may reduce cycles of incarceration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S Barnert
- UCLA, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Pediatrics, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- Mattel Children's Hospital, Children's Discovery & Innovation Institute, 757 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Christopher Scannell
- UCLA/VA National Clinician Scholars Program, 1100 Glendon Ave, Suite 900, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Neda Ashtari
- UCLA, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Pediatrics, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- Mattel Children's Hospital, Children's Discovery & Innovation Institute, 757 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Eleanor Albertson
- UCLA, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Department of Health Policy & Management, 650 Charles E Young Dr, Los Angeles, CA 90095
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Rodrigues-Gonçalves V, Verdaguer M, Moratal M, Blanco R, Bravo-Salva A, Pereira-Rodíguez JA, López-Cano M. Open Emergent Groin Hernia Repair: Anterior or Posterior Approach? J Abdom Wall Surg 2022; 1:10586. [PMID: 38314156 PMCID: PMC10831659 DOI: 10.3389/jaws.2022.10586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Introduction: The current literature has not yet provided a definitive conclusion on the best emergency groin hernia repair. The aim of this study was first to compare the short and long-term outcomes between open preperitoneal and anterior approach in emergency groin hernia repair and second to identify risk factors for postoperative complications, mortality, and recurrence. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent emergency groin hernia repair between January 2010 and December 2018. Short and long-term outcomes were analyzed comparing approach and repair techniques. The predictors of complications and mortality were investigated using multivariate logistic regression. Cox regression multivariate analysis were used to explore risk factors of recurrence. Results: A total of 316 patients met the inclusion criteria. The most widely used surgical techniques were open preperitoneal mesh repair (34%) and mesh plug (34%), followed by Lichtenstein (19%), plug and patch (7%) and tissue repair (6%). Open preperitoneal mesh repair was associated with lower rates of recurrence (p = 0.02) and associated laparotomies (p < 0.001). Complication and 90-day mortality rate was similar between the techniques. Multivariable analysis identified patients aged 75 years or older (OR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.14-3.80; p = 0.016) and preoperative bowel obstruction (OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.20-3.70; p = 0.010) as risk factors for complications and Comprehensive Complication Index ≥26.2 as risk factor for 90-day mortality (OR, 44.76; 95% CI, 4.51-444.59; p = 0.01). Female gender was the only risk factor for recurrence. Conclusion: Open preperitoneal mesh repair may be superior to other techniques in the emergency setting, because it can avoid the morbidity of associated laparotomies, with a lower long-term recurrence rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Rodrigues-Gonçalves
- Abdominal Wall Surgery Unit, General Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Verdaguer
- Abdominal Wall Surgery Unit, General Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Moratal
- Abdominal Wall Surgery Unit, General Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R. Blanco
- Abdominal Wall Surgery Unit, General Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Bravo-Salva
- General Surgery, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- Department de Ciéncies Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. A. Pereira-Rodíguez
- General Surgery, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- Department de Ciéncies Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. López-Cano
- Abdominal Wall Surgery Unit, General Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Hu K, Vranis NM, Daar D, Ali-Khan S, Hacquebord J. A Comparative Analysis of Nonthumb Metacarpal Fracture Treatments in New York City Civilians and Incarcerated Individuals. J Correct Health Care 2022; 28:260-266. [PMID: 35696236 DOI: 10.1089/jchc.20.09.0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Nonthumb metacarpal (NTMC) fractures are common in the incarcerated and the underinsured civilian populations. However, certain social challenges contribute to high rates of follow-up noncompliance and complications in these unique populations. We conducted a retrospective review of the treatments, outcomes, and complications in the incarcerated and civilian patient population who were treated at a tertiary public hospital for NTMC fractures. Even though incarcerated patients were more likely than their civilian counterparts to undergo operative interventions, both populations showed similar complication profiles as well as low rates of treatment compliance and follow-up. This article affirms that incarcerated individuals do not receive inferior care compared with civilians, and both the incarcerated and underinsured civilians would benefit from careful consideration of treatment algorithms and additional access to hand therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Hu
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Neil M Vranis
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - David Daar
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Safi Ali-Khan
- Division of Plastic Surgery and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Jacques Hacquebord
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
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14
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Wurcel AG, Guardado R, Beckwith CG. Hepatitis C Virus Is Associated With Increased Mortality Among Incarcerated Hospitalized Persons in Massachusetts. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021; 8:ofab579. [PMID: 34934776 PMCID: PMC8684448 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is curable, but incarcerated populations face barriers to treatment. In a cohort of incarcerated hospitalized patients in Boston, Massachusetts, HCV infection was associated with increased mortality. Access to HCV treatment in carceral settings is crucial to avoid unnecessary death and to support HCV elimination efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alysse G Wurcel
- Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rubeen Guardado
- Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Curt G Beckwith
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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15
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Ngoc Son T, Van Bao H. Single Incision Laparoscopic Percutaneous Extraperitoneal Closure of Internal Ring for Incarcerated Inguinal Hernia in Children: A Single Center Experience with 104 Cases. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2021; 31:1449-1454. [PMID: 34788161 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2021.0367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this report is to present our technique and outcomes of single incision laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure of internal ring (SILPEC) for incarcerated inguinal hernia (IIH) in children. Patients and Methods: The medical records of all children undergoing emergency SILPEC for IIH after unsuccessful attempted manual reduction between June 2016 and September 2020 at our center were reviewed. For SILPEC, two trocars 3.5-6 mm were placed through a single umbilical incision. A 17G epidural needle and a small wire-lasso were used for extraperitoneal closure of the internal ring. Results: From a total of 2904 consecutive patients with inguinal hernia (IH) undergoing SILPEC, 104 patients (3.6%) had IIH. There were 84 boys and 20 girls with a median age of 18.5 months (ranged 1 month to 11 years). At the time of surgery under general anesthesia IIH was found to be spontaneously reduced in 26.9%; the hernia contents were bowel in 52.9%, great omentum in 13.5%, and ovary in 6.7% of the patients. All hernias were successfully reduced without additional ports or conversion to open surgery. Patent contralateral processus vaginalis (PCPV) was detected intraoperatively in 44.2% of the cases. The median operative time was 24 minutes for unilateral and 30 minutes for bilateral procedures. The median postoperative stay was 1 day. At a median follow-up of 28 months, there was no case of hydrocele, testicular atrophy, or iatrogenic cryptorchism. The postoperative cosmesis was excellent as all patients were virtually scarless. Recurrence occurred in 1.9% with no significant difference (P = .669) compared to the 1.4% recurrence rate of the 2800 patients with ordinary IH undergoing elective SILPEC during the same study period. Conclusions: SILPEC for IIH in children is feasible, safe, with excellent postoperative cosmesis, and no significant difference in hernia recurrence between emergency SILPEC for IIH and elective SILPEC for ordinary IH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Ngoc Son
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Saint Paul Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Van Bao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Saint Paul Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
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16
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Das SK, Bohara S, Bhandari R, Sinha R, Das B, Karki S. A missed medial humeral epicondyle fracture with incarcerated fragment in the elbow joint and ulnar nerve palsy: A rare case report. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:e04982. [PMID: 34721854 PMCID: PMC8543049 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Medial epicondyle fracture associated with incarcerated intra-articular fragment and ulnar nerve palsy is uncommon and frequently missed. We report a case of 13-year-old boy with incarcerated medial epicondyle fracture fragment in ulnohumeral joint and ulnar nerve palsy, which was managed successfully by open reduction internal fixation and ulnar nerve transposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhash Kumar Das
- Department of OrthopedicsNepalese Army Institute of Health SciencesShree Birendra HospitalKathmanduNepal
| | - Sujan Bohara
- Nepalese Army Institute of Health SciencesShree Birendra HospitalKathmanduNepal
| | - Ravi Bhandari
- Department of OrthopedicsNepalese Army Institute of Health SciencesShree Birendra HospitalKathmanduNepal
| | - Ritesh Sinha
- Department of OrthopedicsNepalese Army Institute of Health SciencesShree Birendra HospitalKathmanduNepal
| | - Bikash Das
- National Medical College and Teaching HospitalBirgunjNepal
| | - Samikshya Karki
- Nepalese Army Institute of Health SciencesShree Birendra HospitalKathmanduNepal
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17
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Abstract
Current literature expounds on community and personal factors contributing to the rapidly growing number of women involved in the criminal justice system. Contributing factors are complex and interwoven, leaving women with life patterns of trauma exposure, mental illness, and substance use disorders. Consequences of these life patterns and incarceration have a significant impact on maternal role attainment. The conceptual model Mothering and Incarceration organizes the multifaceted life patterns of incarcerated women and the influences on a woman's ability to mother her children during and following incarceration. The model has the potential to provide direction to program developers, researchers, and correctional systems to tailor programs for women. The most significant implication of the conceptual model is ending the intergenerational influences of incarceration on children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Baker
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta Georgia, USA
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18
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Ghram A, Bragazzi NL, Briki W, Jenab Y, Khaled M, Haddad M, Chamari K. COVID-19 Pandemic and Physical Exercise: Lessons Learnt for Confined Communities. Front Psychol 2021; 12:618585. [PMID: 34025498 PMCID: PMC8131539 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.618585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel pandemic called "Coronavirus Disease 2019" (COVID-19), as a global public health emergency and global threat, has affected many countries in unpredictable ways and impacted on physical activity (PA) behaviors to various extents. Specific populations including refugees, asylum seekers, and prisoners, are vulnerable groups with multiple complex health needs and worse health outcomes with respect to the general population worldwide and at high risk of death from the "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related Coronavirus type 2" (SARS-CoV-2). Governments around the world have been implementing preventive healthcare policies, including physical and social distancing, isolation, and confinement, to mitigate against the burden imposed by the COVID-19 outbreak. This pandemic period is characterized by reduced or lack of movement. During this period of lockdown, PA can represent an immunotherapy and a preventative approach to avoid the harmful effects of inactivity due to the pandemic. Moreover, PA could be prescribed to improve the immune system of specific populations (refugees, asylum seekers, and prisoners), which particularly experience the condition of being confined. The present narrative review discusses the potential impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on these specific populations' health status and the importance of performing PA/exercise to reduce the deleterious effects of COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, we aim to provide useful recommendations on PA/exercise for these specific populations to maintain their level of independence, physical, and mental health as well as their wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amine Ghram
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Walid Briki
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Yaser Jenab
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khaled
- Independent Physician (Internal Medicine), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Monoem Haddad
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Karim Chamari
- Aspetar, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
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19
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Chan J, Burke K, Bedard R, Grigg J, Winters J, Vessell C, Rosner Z, Cheng J, Katyal M, Yang P, MacDonald R. COVID-19 in the New York City Jail System: Epidemiology and Health Care Response, March-April 2020. Public Health Rep 2021; 136:375-383. [PMID: 33673760 PMCID: PMC8580401 DOI: 10.1177/0033354921999385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES People detained in correctional facilities are at high risk for infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We described the epidemiology of the COVID-19 outbreak in a large urban jail system, including signs and symptoms at time of testing and risk factors for hospitalization. METHODS This retrospective observational cohort study included all patients aged ≥18 years who were tested for COVID-19 during March 11-April 28, 2020, while in custody in the New York City jail system (N = 978). We described demographic characteristics and signs and symptoms at the time of testing and performed Cox regression analysis to identify factors associated with hospitalization among those with a positive test result. RESULTS Of 978 people tested for COVID-19, 568 received a positive test result. Among symptomatic patients, the most common symptoms among those who received a positive test result were cough (n = 293 of 510, 57%) and objective fever (n = 288 of 510, 56%). Of 257 asymptomatic patients who were tested, 58 (23%) received a positive test result. Forty-five (8%) people who received a positive test result were hospitalized for COVID-19. Older age (aged ≥55 vs 18-34) (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 13.41; 95% CI, 3.80-47.33) and diabetes mellitus (aHR = 1.99; 95% CI, 1.00-3.95) were significantly associated with hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS A substantial proportion of people tested in New York City jails received a positive test result for COVID-19, including a large proportion of people tested while asymptomatic. During periods of ongoing transmission, asymptomatic screening should complement symptom-driven COVID-19 testing in correctional facilities. Older patients and people with diabetes mellitus should be closely monitored after COVID-19 diagnosis because of their increased risk for hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Chan
- Correctional Health Services, NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kelsey Burke
- Correctional Health Services, NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachael Bedard
- Correctional Health Services, NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, NY, USA
| | - James Grigg
- Correctional Health Services, NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, NY, USA
| | - John Winters
- Correctional Health Services, NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, NY, USA
| | - Colleen Vessell
- Correctional Health Services, NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zachary Rosner
- Correctional Health Services, NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey Cheng
- Correctional Health Services, NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, NY, USA
| | - Monica Katyal
- Correctional Health Services, NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patricia Yang
- Correctional Health Services, NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ross MacDonald
- Correctional Health Services, NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, NY, USA
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20
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Abstract
An epigastric hernia is a rare type of abdominal hernia, described in the literature mostly as small, containing only preperitoneal fat. A large true epigastric hernia with herniation of the abdominal viscera is even rarer. Only a few case reports have given an account of strangulation in such an epigastric hernia. This case report describes a middle-aged, morbidly obese man with a big epigastric hernia presenting with incarceration and acute abdominal pain. Emergency surgical exploration revealed a 7 cm midline defect in the rectus sheath and a 30 cm segment of the jejunum and a 6 cm segment of the transverse colon were gangrenous. The gangrenous bowel segments were resected, and an end-to-end jejuno-jejunal and colo-colic anastomosis were done. The patient had an uneventful postoperative recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Souradeep Dutta
- Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND
| | - Ankit Jain
- Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND
| | - Abhinaya Reddy
- Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND
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21
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Abstract
Incarcerated people are one of the most vulnerable populations during the coronavirus pandemic. There are varying perspectives regarding how to address the health care barriers seen in this population. Some individuals and organizations advocate for a mandatory release of the incarcerated who are not deemed a risk to the general population, whereas others advocate for improving health care in jails and prisons. This article highlights the importance of addressing access to care issues, overcrowding, societal implications, and access to hygienics for the incarcerated during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, and solutions forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onyeka Otugo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brooke Wages
- Harvard Kennedy School of Government, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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22
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Chan J, Schwartz J, Kaba F, Bocour A, Akiyama MJ, Hobstetter L, Rosner Z, Winters A, Yang P, MacDonald R. Outcomes of Hepatitis C Virus Treatment in the New York City Jail Population: Successes and Challenges Facing Scale up of Care. Open Forum Infect Dis 2020; 7:ofaa263. [PMID: 33123613 PMCID: PMC7580175 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The population detained in the New York City (NYC) jail system bears a high burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Challenges to scaling up treatment include short and unpredictable lengths of stay. We report on the clinical outcomes of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment delivered by NYC Health + Hospitals/Correctional Health Services in NYC jails from 2014 to 2017. Methods We performed a retrospective observational cohort study of HCV patients with detectable HCV ribonucleic acid treated with DAA therapy while in NYC jails. Some patients initiated treatment in jail, whereas others initiated treatment in the community and were later incarcerated. Our primary outcome was sustained virologic response at 12 weeks (SVR12). Results There were 269 patients included in our cohort, with 181 (67%) initiating treatment in jail and 88 (33%) continuing treatment started in the community. The SVR12 virologic outcome data were available for 195 (72%) individuals. Of these, 172 (88%) achieved SVR12. Patients who completed treatment in jail were more likely to achieve SVR12 relative to those who were released on treatment (adjusted risk ratio, 2.93; 95% confidence interval, 1.35-6.34). Of those who achieved SVR12, 114 (66%) had a subsequent viral load checked. We detected recurrent viremia in 18 (16%) of these individuals, which corresponded to 10.6 cases per 100 person-years of follow-up. Conclusions Hepatitis C virus treatment with DAA therapy is effective in a jail environment. Future work should address challenges related to discharging patients while they are on treatment, loss to follow-up, and a high incidence of probable reinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Chan
- Correctional Health Services, NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jessie Schwartz
- Bureau of Communicable Disease, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Fatos Kaba
- Correctional Health Services, NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, New York, USA
| | - Angelica Bocour
- Bureau of Communicable Disease, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Matthew J Akiyama
- Correctional Health Services, NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Laura Hobstetter
- Correctional Health Services, NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zachary Rosner
- Correctional Health Services, NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ann Winters
- Bureau of Communicable Disease, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Patricia Yang
- Correctional Health Services, NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ross MacDonald
- Correctional Health Services, NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, New York, USA
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23
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Saleeby E, O'Donnell B, Jackson AM, Muñiz C, Chung PJ, Sufrin C. Tough Choices: Exploring Decision-Making for Pregnancy Intentions and Prevention Among Girls in the Justice System. J Correct Health Care 2020; 25:351-361. [PMID: 31818199 DOI: 10.1177/1078345819880307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite California's declining teen pregnancy rate, teens in the juvenile justice system have higher rates than their nonincarcerated counterparts. This study explored domains that may shape decision-making for pregnancy prevention in this group. Twenty purposively selected female teens with a recent incarceration participated in hour-long semistructured interviews about their future plans, social networks, access to reproductive health services, and sexual behavior. Transcripts revealed that, contrary to literature, desire for unconditional love and lack of access to family planning services did not mediate decision-making. Lack of future planning, poor social support, and limited social mobility shaped youths' decisions to use contraceptives. Understanding this group's social location and the domains that inform decision-making for pregnancy intentions and prevention provides clues to help programs predict and serve this population's needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Saleeby
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Betsy O'Donnell
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ashaki M Jackson
- Center for Healthier Children, Families and Communities, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cecilia Muñiz
- Los Angeles County Department of Health Services, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul J Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Departments of Pediatrics and Health Policy & Management, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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24
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Zwols TLR, Akkersdijk WL, Bökkerink WJV, Andeweg CS, Pierie JPEN, Koning GG. Emergency TREPP for Strangulated Inguinal Hernia Repair: A Consecutive Case Series. Surg J (N Y) 2020; 6:e62-e66. [PMID: 32258411 PMCID: PMC7108950 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1705171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with strangulated inguinal hernia (SIH) require emergency surgical treatment. International guidelines do not specify the surgical technique of preference. Frequently, an open anterior approach such as the Lichtenstein technique is used. The TransREctus sheath Pre-Peritoneal (TREPP) technique is an alternative, open posterior approach, which has shown promising results in the elective treatment of inguinal hernias. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and safety of the TREPP technique in the emergency setting of SIHs. Materials and Methods After medical ethical approval was warranted, all consecutive patients, who underwent emergency TREPP (e-TREPP) at a high-volume hernia institute, were retrospectively included from 2006 up to and including 2016. Data retrieved from the electronic patient files were combined with the findings during a long-term outcome physical investigation at an outpatient department visit. e-TREPP was, prior to the start of the study, defined as TREPP performed immediately at the operation room. Results Thirty-three patients underwent e-TREPP for SIH. Ten patients were clinically evaluated, ten patients were deceased, nine patients could not be contacted, and four patients did not or could not consent. Of the ten deceased patients, one patient died perioperatively due to massive aspiration followed by cardiac arrest. Nine patients died due to other causes. Two patients developed a recurrence after (after 13 days and 16 months respectively). Two patients were surgically treated for a wound infection (mesh removal in one). No patient reported chronic postoperative inguinal pain. Conclusion e-TREPP in experienced hands seems feasible and safe (Level of Evidence 4) for the treatment of patients with strangulated inguinal hernia, with percentages of postoperative complications comparable to other techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L R Zwols
- Department of Surgery, Medical Centre Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.,Department of Surgery, St Jansdal Hospital, Harderwijk, The Netherlands
| | - W L Akkersdijk
- Department of Surgery, St Jansdal Hospital, Harderwijk, The Netherlands
| | - W J V Bökkerink
- Department of Surgery, St Jansdal Hospital, Harderwijk, The Netherlands.,Department of Surgery, Gelderse Vallei Hospital, The Netherlands
| | - C S Andeweg
- Department of Surgery, St Jansdal Hospital, Harderwijk, The Netherlands
| | - J P E N Pierie
- Department of Surgery, Medical Centre Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.,Postgraduate School of Medicine, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - G G Koning
- Department of Surgery, Ikazia Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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25
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Baldi D, Alfano V, Punzo B, Tramontano L, Baselice S, Spidalieri G, Micera O, Cavaliere C. A Rare Case of Sigmoid Colon Carcinoma in Incarcerated Inguinal Hernia. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10020099. [PMID: 32053919 PMCID: PMC7167832 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10020099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Incarcerated inguinal hernia is a common diagnosis in patients presenting a painful and nonreducible groin mass. Although the diagnosis is usually made by physical examination, the content of the hernia sac and the extent of the surgical operation may vary and can require multimodal imaging integration (e.g., ultrasonography, computed tomography); the usual finding is a segment of small bowel and, less commonly, large bowel. We present an extremely rare case of a sigmoid cancer incarcerated in a left inguinal hernia and infiltrating the spermatic cord. The patient underwent whole-body computed tomography (CT) with contrast agent injection for staging, followed by a left hemicolectomy paralleled by a unilateral orchiectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Baldi
- IRCCS SDN, 80143 Naples, Italy; (V.A.); (B.P.); (L.T.); (S.B.); (C.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-2408-444; Fax: +39-081-668-841
| | - Vincenzo Alfano
- IRCCS SDN, 80143 Naples, Italy; (V.A.); (B.P.); (L.T.); (S.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Bruna Punzo
- IRCCS SDN, 80143 Naples, Italy; (V.A.); (B.P.); (L.T.); (S.B.); (C.C.)
| | | | - Simona Baselice
- IRCCS SDN, 80143 Naples, Italy; (V.A.); (B.P.); (L.T.); (S.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Gianluca Spidalieri
- Department of Radiology, Casa di Cura Montevergine, 83013 Mercogliano, Italy;
| | - Osvaldo Micera
- Section of Surgery, Santa Rita Private Care Hospital, 83042 Atripalda, Italy;
| | - Carlo Cavaliere
- IRCCS SDN, 80143 Naples, Italy; (V.A.); (B.P.); (L.T.); (S.B.); (C.C.)
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26
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Chen F, Liu M, Jin C, Wang F, Shen Y, Zhao F, Chen J. Tension-Free Mesh Repair for Incarcerated Groin Hernia: A Comparative Study. Surg Innov 2020; 27:352-357. [PMID: 31994450 DOI: 10.1177/1553350620901392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background. Management of emergent groin hernias remains challenging, due to limited consensus in surgical approach and repair options (eg, mesh vs nonmesh, biological mesh, and polypropylene [PP] mesh). Methods. A 5-year retrospective study was conducted on 118 patients who received emergency incarcerated groin hernia repair in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital. The incidence of surgical site infection (SSI), preoperative mortality, sepsis, and ileus was noted. In the follow-up, postoperative foreign body sensation, chronic pain, seroma/hematoma, and recurrence were recorded. The outcomes of different surgical procedures (with mesh/without mesh, biological mesh/PP mesh, transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP)/Lichtenstein repair) were compared and analyzed. Results. Out of the 118 patients, 14 cases received suture repair (as group A); 104 cases had TAPP repair (n = 44) or Lichtenstein repair (n = 60) with meshes, including 23 cases of biological mesh (as group B); and 81 cases had repair with PP mesh (group C). There were no significant differences between the 3 groups regarding SSI, mortality, sepsis, and ileus. After 20.5 months of follow-up (range from 6 to 65 months), 21.4% of group A developed recurrence, a rate significantly higher than that of group B (4.3%) and group C (0). The incidence of seroma/hematoma in group B was higher than that in group A (7.1%) and group C (7.4%). The results between TAPP group and Lichtenstein group were comparable. Conclusion. Tension-free mesh repair in the treatment of emergency incarcerated groin hernia is safe and effective, which can reduce hernia recurrence without increasing infection risk. The results of biological mesh and PP mesh were comparable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqiang Chen
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Liu
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cuihong Jin
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingmo Shen
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fenglin Zhao
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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27
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Schonbrun Y, Johnson JE, Anderson BJ, Timko C, Kurth M, Stein MD. Personal agency and alcohol abstinence self-efficacy among incarcerated women. J Offender Rehabil 2019; 58:678-695. [PMID: 36793802 PMCID: PMC9928169 DOI: 10.1080/10509674.2019.1648353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Incarcerated women with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) have unique treatment needs. Behavior change models emphasize self-efficacy in making changes to alcohol use, but have not been tested in samples of incarcerated women. Personal agency in several domains was examined as a correlate of alcohol abstinence self-efficacy in a sample of 173 incarcerated women with AUDs. Lower alcohol cravings (β = -0.19, p = .029), greater self-care (β = 0.17, p = .012), and less engagement in transactional sex (β = -0.48, p = .007) were associated with greater self-efficacy. Intrapersonal and interpersonal agency influence incarcerated women's self-efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Schonbrun
- Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University
| | | | | | | | - Megan Kurth
- Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Michael D. Stein
- Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University
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Yang W, Zhang X, Wang MC, Zhong C, Luo J, Gao Y. Factor Structure and Construct Validity of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory and Its Shorten Version in Chinese Detained Boys. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1831. [PMID: 31447751 PMCID: PMC6692477 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI) was designed to assess psychopathic traits in adolescents. However, there exists limited evidence for the factor structure and psychometric properties of the YPI when used with Chinese detained juveniles. The present study aimed to examine the factor structure and construct validity of the YPI and its shortened version (YPI-S) in a sample of 607 Chinese 14- to 22-year-old detained boys (M = 17.15, SD = 1.09). Confirmatory factor analyses revealed a bifactor model which best fit the data at the subscale level for the YPI, and at the item level for the YPI-S. The internal consistency of the YPI and YPI-S scores ranged from marginal to good. Both the YPI and YPI-S total and factor scores correlated positively with the APSD, an alternative psychopathic measure, as well as with proactive and reactive aggression, and correlated negatively with affective and cognitive empathy. Overall, the YPI and YPI-S are shown to be practical and valid assessment tools to measure psychopathic traits in Chinese detained youths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendeng Yang
- Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory for Juveniles Mental Health and Educational Neuroscience in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xintong Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.,The Center for Psychometrics and Latent Variable Modeling, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Cheng Wang
- Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory for Juveniles Mental Health and Educational Neuroscience in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.,The Center for Psychometrics and Latent Variable Modeling, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuxian Zhong
- Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory for Juveniles Mental Health and Educational Neuroscience in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Luo
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
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Hofmeister MG, Rosenthal EM, Barker LK, Rosenberg ES, Barranco MA, Hall EW, Edlin BR, Mermin J, Ward JW, Ryerson AB. Estimating Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the United States, 2013-2016. Hepatology 2019; 69:1020-1031. [PMID: 30398671 PMCID: PMC6719781 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the most commonly reported bloodborne infection in the United States, causing substantial morbidity and mortality and costing billions of dollars annually. To update the estimated HCV prevalence among all adults aged ≥18 years in the United States, we analyzed 2013-2016 data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to estimate the prevalence of HCV in the noninstitutionalized civilian population and used a combination of literature reviews and population size estimation approaches to estimate the HCV prevalence and population sizes for four additional populations: incarcerated people, unsheltered homeless people, active-duty military personnel, and nursing home residents. We estimated that during 2013-2016 1.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-2.0%) of all adults in the United States, approximately 4.1 (3.4-4.9) million persons, were HCV antibody-positive (indicating past or current infection) and that 1.0% (95% CI, 0.8-1.1%) of all adults, approximately 2.4 (2.0-2.8) million persons, were HCV RNA-positive (indicating current infection). This includes 3.7 million noninstitutionalized civilian adults in the United States with HCV antibodies and 2.1 million with HCV RNA and an estimated 0.38 million HCV antibody-positive persons and 0.25 million HCV RNA-positive persons not part of the 2013-2016 NHANES sampling frame. Conclusion: Over 2 million people in the United States had current HCV infection during 2013-2016; compared to past estimates based on similar methodology, HCV antibody prevalence may have increased, while RNA prevalence may have decreased, likely reflecting the combination of the opioid crisis, curative treatment for HCV infection, and mortality among the HCV-infected population; efforts on multiple fronts are needed to combat the evolving HCV epidemic, including increasing capacity for and access to HCV testing, linkage to care, and cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan G. Hofmeister
- Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia,Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Elizabeth M. Rosenthal
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany School of Public Health, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York
| | - Laurie K. Barker
- Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Eli S. Rosenberg
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany School of Public Health, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York
| | - Meredith A. Barranco
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany School of Public Health, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York
| | - Eric W. Hall
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Brian R. Edlin
- National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jonathan Mermin
- National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - John W. Ward
- Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia,Program for Viral Hepatitis Elimination, The Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, Georgia
| | - A. Blythe Ryerson
- Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tension-free hernia repair has been regarded as a gold standard treatment for selected inguinal hernias, but the use of prosthetic mesh in acute incarcerated inguinal hernias is controversial. Our study focused on evaluating the safety and efficacy of the prosthetic mesh repair for emergency cases. METHODS Patients with acute incarcerated inguinal hernias who underwent emergency prosthetic mesh repair during 2009 to 2014 at our department were included. Patient characteristics, operative approaches and results, and complications were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS A total of 167 patients were included in our study. One hundred and twenty-two patients underwent open surgery while the remaining 45 patients underwent transabdominal preperitoneal laparoscopic approach. The hernia was indirect inguinal in 133 patients (79.6%), direct inguinal in 15 patients (9.0%), and femoral in 19 patients (11.4%). The overall wound infection rate of these patients was 3%. Nonviable intestinal resection was performed in 25 patients (8.4%), only 2 of whom underwent wound infection. Another 3 patients who developed wound infection had viable hernia content. There was no mesh-related infection. There was no statistically significant difference in wound infection rates between patients with viable hernia contents and those with nonviable contents ( P < .05). CONCLUSION The use of the prosthetic mesh in the treatment of acute incarcerated inguinal hernia is safe and effective. Nonviable intestinal resection cannot be regarded as a contradiction of the mesh repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- 1 Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhai
- 1 Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Chen
- 1 Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Murray R, Amann R, Thom K. Mindfulness-based interventions for youth in the criminal justice system: a review of the research-based literature. Psychiatr Psychol Law 2018; 25:829-838. [PMID: 31984055 PMCID: PMC6818317 DOI: 10.1080/13218719.2018.1478338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mindfulness is a technique and sense of being present in the moment that incorporates aspects of acceptance, openness and meditation with the ultimate intention of improving well-being. Research indicates that mindfulness can significantly improve negative personality traits, reduce stress, increase attention, alleviate chronic pain and enhance mental health. Mindfulness-based interventions in correctional facilities have resulted in reduced hostility and improved self-esteem for adults, but less is known about its applicability amongst youth. This article reviews the research-based literature on the use of mindfulness-based interventions for youths (aged 13 to 24 years) involved in the justice system. A total of ten studies were located and synthesised into four themes of stress reduction, self-regulation, anger management and acceptance. The article concludes by considering the methodological rigour of the reviewed studies, providing recommendations for future research and contemplating the positive impact that mindfulness interventions might have on youth in the criminal justice system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Murray
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rebecca Amann
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Katey Thom
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Syphilis is an important sexually transmitted infection (STI). Despite inexpensive and effective treatment, few key populations receive syphilis testing. Innovative strategies are needed to increase syphilis testing among key populations. Areas covered: This scoping review focused on strategies to increase syphilis testing in key populations (men who have sex with men (MSM), sex workers, people who use drugs, transgender people, and incarcerated individuals). Expert commentary: We identified many promising syphilis testing strategies, particularly among MSM. These innovations are separated into diagnostic, clinic-based, and non-clinic based strategies. In terms of diagnostics, self-testing, dried blood spots, and point-of-care testing can decentralize syphilis testing. Effective syphilis self-testing pilots suggest the need for further attention and research. In terms of clinic-based strategies, modifying default clinical procedures can nudge physicians to more frequently recommend syphilis testing. In terms of non-clinic based strategies, venue-based screening (e.g. in correctional facilities, drug rehabilitation centres) and mobile testing units have been successfully implemented in a variety of settings. Integration of syphilis with HIV testing may facilitate implementation in settings where individuals have increased sexual risk. There is a strong need for further syphilis testing research and programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason J. Ong
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Social Entrepreneurship to Spur Health (SESH) Global, Guangzhou, China
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hongyun Fu
- Social Entrepreneurship to Spur Health (SESH) Global, Guangzhou, China
- Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, USA
| | - M. Kumi Smith
- Social Entrepreneurship to Spur Health (SESH) Global, Guangzhou, China
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Joseph D. Tucker
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Social Entrepreneurship to Spur Health (SESH) Global, Guangzhou, China
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Johnson M, Vitacco MJ, Shirtcliff EA. Callous-unemotional traits and early life stress predict treatment effects on stress and sex hormone functioning in incarcerated male adolescents. Stress 2018; 21:110-118. [PMID: 29254415 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2017.1414799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The stress response system is highly plastic, and hormone rhythms may "adaptively calibrate" in response to treatment. This investigation assessed whether stress and sex hormone diurnal rhythms changed over the course of behavioral treatment, and whether callous-unemotional (CU) traits and history of early adversity affected treatment results on diurnal hormone functioning in a sample of 28 incarcerated adolescent males. It was hypothesized that the treatment would have beneficial effects, such that healthier diurnal rhythms would emerge post-treatment. Diurnal cortisol, testosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) were sampled two weeks after admission to the correctional/treatment facility, and again approximately four months later. Positive treatment effects were detected for the whole sample, such that testosterone dampened across treatment. CU traits predicted a non-optimal hormone response to treatment, potentially indicating biological preparedness to respond to acts of social dominance and aggression. The interaction between CU traits and adversity predicted a promising and sensitized response to treatment including increased cortisol and a steeper testosterone drop across treatment. Results suggest that stress and sex hormones are highly receptive to treatment during this window of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Johnson
- a School of Public Health , University of California , Berkeley , CA , USA
| | - Michael J Vitacco
- b Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior , Augusta University , Augusta , GA , USA
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34
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Colpaert J, Willaert B, Van Molhem Y. Ruptured abdominal aneurysm disguised as an incarcerated inguinal hernia. Acta Chir Belg 2017; 117:398-400. [PMID: 28140767 DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2017.1281007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
An incarcerated inguinal hernia is a textbook example of a basic and straightforward diagnosis. In rare cases, an incarcerated hernia may be a symptom of more complex underlying pathology. In this case report a patient with a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm presented with an incarcerated left inguinal hernia. Only two other cases have been reported with a stable patient at initial presentation. The diagnosis was suspected when blood seeping next to the internal inguinal ring was detected, and an urgent ultrasound in the operating room confirmed the diagnosis. Whether or not patients with an inguinal hernia are more at risk for an AAA remains unclear.
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35
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Raiford JL, Seth P, Fasula AM, DiClemente RJ. When a relationship is imperative, will young women knowingly place their sexual health at risk? A sample of African American adolescent girls in the juvenile justice system. Sex Health 2017; 14:331-337. [PMID: 28445686 PMCID: PMC11025295 DOI: 10.1071/sh16160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HIV and other sexually transmissible infections (HIV/STIs) are significant contributors to adolescent girls' morbidity in the US. Risks for HIV/STIs are increased among adolescent girls involved in the juvenile justice system, and African American adolescent girls comprise nearly 50% of adolescent girls in detention centres. Although HIV prevention programs focus on HIV/STI knowledge, increased knowledge may not be sufficient to reduce sexual risk. The present study examined the interactive effects of HIV/STI knowledge and the importance of being in a relationship (a relationship imperative) on sexual risk behaviours in a sample of detained African American adolescent girls. METHODS In all, 188 African American adolescent girls, 13-17 years of age, were recruited from a short-term detention facility in Atlanta, Georgia, and completed assessments on sexual risk behaviours, relationship characteristics, HIV/STI knowledge and several psychosocial risk factors. RESULTS When girls endorsed a relationship imperative, higher HIV/STI knowledge was associated with low partner communication self-efficacy, inconsistent condom use and unprotected sex, when controlling for demographics and self-esteem. CONCLUSIONS Young girls with high HIV/STI knowledge may have placed themselves at risk for HIV/STIs given the importance and value they place on being in a relationship. Contextual factors should be considered when developing interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerris L. Raiford
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop E-59, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | - Puja Seth
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop E-59, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
- Present address: Division of Unintentional Injury Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway NE, MS F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341-3717, USA
| | - Amy M. Fasula
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop E-59, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
- Division of Reproductive Health, 4770 Buford Highway, MS F74, Atlanta, GA 30341-3717, USA
| | - Ralph J. DiClemente
- Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Behavioral Sciences & Health Education, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Center for AIDS Research, Social & Behavioral Science Core, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Abstract
Previous studies provide insight into the mental health of jail and prison inmates, but this research does not compare the two groups of inmates. Using data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, this article examines how the association between incarceration and self-reported mental health varies by facility type, net of an array of demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Both jail and prison inmates report high rates of depression, life dissatisfaction, heavy drinking, and illicit drug use. In adjusted logistic regression models, those incarcerated in jails, compared with those not incarcerated, have higher odds of depression (odds ratio [ OR] = 5.06, 90% confidence interval [CI; 1.96, 13.11]), life dissatisfaction ( OR = 3.59, 90% CI [1.40, 9.24]), and recent illicit drug use ( OR = 4.03, 90% CI [1.49, 10.58]). Those incarcerated in prisons have higher odds of life dissatisfaction ( OR = 3.88, 90% CI [2.16, 6.94]) and lower odds of recent heavy drinking ( OR = 0.32, 90% CI [0.13, 0.81]) compared with those not incarcerated. Furthermore, jail inmates report significantly more depression, heavy drinking, and illicit drug use than prison inmates. These results suggest the association between incarceration and mental health may vary substantially across facilities and highlight the importance of expanding research in this area beyond studies of prisons. The results also indicate that public health professionals in the correctional system should be especially attuned to the disproportionately high levels of poor mental health outcomes among jail inmates.
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Abstract
Spigelian hernias are uncommon lateral ventral wall hernias with a significant rate of incarceration; these hernias often produce nonspecific clinical signs and symptoms as well as elusive imaging findings. Although there are reported cases of incarcerated appendices within Spigelian hernias, this case specifically illustrates the diagnostic difficulty these hernias present to both surgeons and radiologists. Additionally, we discuss important anatomy, demographics and risk factors, clinical symptoms, imaging pitfalls and recommendations for repair based on a review of literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bevilacqua
- Department of Radiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Saif Ahmed
- Department of Surgery, Lincoln Memorial University - DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Harrogate, TN, USA
| | - Mark Miller
- Methodist - LeBonheur Healthcare, Methodist Germantown Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - David Sallee
- Department of Radiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Wesley Angel
- Department of Radiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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38
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Seth P, Jackson JM, DiClemente RJ, Fasula AM. Community trauma as a predictor of sexual risk, marijuana use, and psychosocial outcomes among detained African-American female adolescents. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud 2017; 12:353-359. [PMID: 37564273 PMCID: PMC10413814 DOI: 10.1080/17450128.2017.1325547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Social determinants contribute to health disparities. Previous research has indicated that community trauma is associated with negative health outcomes. This study examined the impact of community trauma on sexual risk, marijuana use and mental health among African-American female adolescents in a juvenile detention center. One hundred and eighty-eight African-American female adolescents, aged 13-17 years, were recruited from a short-term detention facility and completed assessments on community trauma, sexual risk behavior, marijuana use, symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder and psychosocial HIV/STD risk factors. Findings indicate that community trauma was associated with unprotected sex, having a sex partner with a correctional/juvenile justice history, sexual sensation seeking, marijuana use, affiliation with deviant peers and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms at baseline and longitudinally. Findings reinforce the impact of community-level factors and co-occurring health issues, particularly in high-risk environments and among vulnerable populations. Structural and community-level interventions and policy-level changes may help improve access to resources and improve adolescents' overall health and standard of living in at-risk communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Seth
- Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jerrold M. Jackson
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for AIDS Research, Prevention Science Core, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ralph J. DiClemente
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for AIDS Research, Prevention Science Core, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Amy M. Fasula
- Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Abstract
Over 2 million adults in the United States are incarcerated and over 650,000 return to the community each year. This disparate population is known to have an elevated burden of chronic disease and lower socioeconomic status. Medical residency training about care for incarcerated or previously incarcerated patients is significantly lacking in the United States. Curriculum can be developed and implemented in residency programs to help physicians learn how to work with this population, be sensitive to their unique needs, and achieve positive health outcomes. This article describes a method for "educating the educators" based on a workshop presented at a peer-reviewed national conference during the fall of 2016. Attendees participated in exercises addressing assumptions, expectations, bias, and worldview and increased their ability for self-reflection when interacting with patients who are or have experienced incarceration. In this session, strategies were identified that engaged the patient with the goal to aid in patient retention and compliance. Future steps include development of a formal curriculum for training in this area, incorporation into existing community medicine rotations or electives, and establishment of structured transition clinics where residents can be exposed to this population on a more regular basis and improve their overall health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Hofmeister
- 1 Department of Family and Community Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Andrya Soprych
- 2 Jane Addams College of Social Work, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA.,3 Client Support Services, Cabrini Green Legal Aid, Chicago, USA
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40
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Tillson M, Strickland JC, Staton M. Age of First Arrest, Sex, and Drug Use as Correlates of Adult Risk Behaviors Among Rural Women in Jails. Women Crim Justice 2017; 27:287-301. [PMID: 29033495 PMCID: PMC5640161 DOI: 10.1080/08974454.2017.1291392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Incarcerated women frequently report initiation of substance use and sexual encounters at an early age, and often engage in high-risk drug use and sexual behaviors as adults. This study examined the timing of first sex, drug use, and arrest, as well as their unique influences on specific risky behaviors in adulthood, among a high-risk population of rural women recruited from jails. Ages of initiation were all positively and significantly correlated, and each independently increased the likelihood of several risky behaviors in adulthood. Implications are discussed for screening, intervention, and treatment targeting high-risk women and girls in rural areas, particularly within criminal justice settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Tillson
- Center on Drug and Alcohol Research and College of Social Work, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Justin C Strickland
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Michele Staton
- Center on Drug and Alcohol Research and Department of Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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41
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McKinlay A, Albicini M. Prevalence of traumatic brain injury and mental health problems among individuals within the criminal justice system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 1:CNC25. [PMID: 30202566 PMCID: PMC6093757 DOI: 10.2217/cnc-2016-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with increased aggression and antisocial behavior. This review examined existing literature regarding TBI prevalence and associated adverse mental health among individuals within the criminal justice system. TBI prevalence varied between 12 and 82% for youths, and 23 and 87% for adults. TBI was associated with a range of negative outcomes, particularly substance abuse. However, confounding factors, including differing control groups, lack of information for timing and severity of TBI, and use of self-report measures for TBI history made it difficult to determine whether TBI was a risk factor. Future research should eliminate or counter for these confounds, to provide accurate prevalence rates of TBI and the direction of association between TBI and offending behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey McKinlay
- Melbourne School of Psychological Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Melbourne School of Psychological Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michelle Albicini
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Kouyoumdjian FG, McIsaac KE. Persons in correctional facilities in Canada: A key population for hepatitis C prevention and control. Can J Public Health 2015; 106:e454-6. [PMID: 26680439 DOI: 10.17269/cjph.106.5132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
About one in nine Canadians who are infected with hepatitis C spend time in a correctional facility each year. With high rates of current injection drug use and needle sharing, this population may account for a large proportion of new infections. Any national strategy to address hepatitis C should include a focus on persons in correctional facilities, and should build on existing evidence regarding primary, secondary and tertiary prevention.
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43
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Haysom L, Indig D, Byun R, Moore E, van den Dolder P. Oral health and risk factors for dental disease of Australian young people in custody. J Paediatr Child Health 2015; 51:545-551. [PMID: 25363249 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.12761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM To describe the prevalence and risk factors for markers of poor oral health in Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal young people in custody in Australia. METHODS All incarcerated youth, aged 13-21 years, in New South Wales Juvenile Custodial Centres between August and October 2009 were invited to participate and undertake a dental exam. The main outcome measures were an assessment of moderate/abundant plaque, periodontal disease, dental caries experience, mean decayed and/or filled and/or missing teeth (DMFT) index and untreated decay. RESULTS Two hundred ninety-four participants (91% male, 46% Aboriginal) underwent a dental exam. Markers of poor oral health were common - 49.4% with moderate/abundant plaque, 34.4% with periodontal disease, mean DMFT 3.56 and 54% having untreated decay. Risk factors independently associated with poor oral health were geographical remoteness and non-fluoridation of the water supply of the usual residence, a shorter incarceration time and dental treatment outside of custody. CONCLUSIONS Young people entering custody have poor oral health, with those from geographically remote areas without water fluoridation at highest risk. The incarceration period is an opportunity for oral health improvements in these young people through access to dental treatment services. Better triaging systems are needed to identify those of greatest priority, and prevention services are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Haysom
- Adolescent Health, Justice Health & Forensic Mental Health Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Devon Indig
- Centre for Health Research into Criminal Justice, Justice Health & Forensic Mental Health Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Roy Byun
- Centre for Research, Evidence Management and Surveillance, Sydney and South Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Moore
- Centre for Health Research into Criminal Justice, Justice Health & Forensic Mental Health Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul van den Dolder
- Ambulatory and Primary Health Care, Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Young S, Moss D, Sedgwick O, Fridman M, Hodgkins P. A meta-analysis of the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in incarcerated populations. Psychol Med 2015; 45:247-58. [PMID: 25066071 PMCID: PMC4301200 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291714000762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies report the variable prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in incarcerated populations. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the prevalence of ADHD in these populations. METHOD Primary research studies reporting the prevalence (lifetime/current) of ADHD in incarcerated populations were identified. The meta-analysis used a mixed log-binomial model, including fixed effects for each covariate and a random study effect, to estimate the significance of various risk factors. RESULTS Forty-two studies were included in the analysis. ADHD prevalence was higher with screening diagnoses versus diagnostic interview (and with retrospective youth diagnoses versus current diagnoses). Using diagnostic interview data, the estimated prevalence was 25.5% and there were no significant differences for gender and age. Significant country differences were noted. CONCLUSIONS Compared with published general population prevalence, there is a fivefold increase in prevalence of ADHD in youth prison populations (30.1%) and a 10-fold increase in adult prison populations (26.2%).
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Young
- Centre for Mental Health, Division of Brain
Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College
London, UK
- Broadmoor Hospital, West
London Mental Health Trust, London,
UK
| | | | - O. Sedgwick
- Department of Psychology, Institute of
Psychiatry, King's College London,
UK
| | - M. Fridman
- AMF Consulting, Inc., Los
Angeles, CA, USA
| | - P. Hodgkins
- Global HEOR, Vertex
Pharmaceuticals, Boston, MA, USA
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45
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Konstenius M, Larsson H, Lundholm L, Philips B, van de Glind G, Jayaram-Lindström N, Franck J. An epidemiological study of ADHD, substance use, and comorbid problems in incarcerated women in Sweden. J Atten Disord 2015; 19:44-52. [PMID: 22797213 DOI: 10.1177/1087054712451126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of ADHD and psychiatric comorbidity, including substance use in incarcerated women. METHOD This was a cross-sectional study, consisting of two parts: (a) screening using the ADHD Self-Rating Scale (ASRS) and (b) diagnostic assessment using a structured interview. RESULTS A sample of 96 incarcerated women was screened and 56 underwent the diagnostic assessment. Twenty-nine percent of the women met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.) diagnostic criteria for adult ADHD in the diagnostic assessment. Forty-four of the women had misuse of alcohol, and 83% had misuse of narcotics the year prior to the incarceration. The ASRS showed sensitivity of 1.0 and specificity of 0.66. CONCLUSION The prevalence rate of ADHD in incarcerated women was high and comparable to that in male offenders. Illicit stimulant use and antisocial personality disorder were significantly more common in women with ADHD. ASRS is useful as a screener in this population.
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46
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Abstract
The high prevalence of mental health disorders among incarcerated juveniles is a matter of national and global concern. Juvenile justice personnel need accurate screening measures that identify youth requiring immediate mental health services. The purpose of this study was threefold: (a) to examine the utility of the Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument, Version 2 (MAYSI-2) in identifying juveniles with mental health concerns in a large sample of juveniles (N = 4,009), (b) to provide data regarding rates of identified mental health needs in incarcerated youth, and (c) to provide descriptive comparisons to other studies using the MAYSI-2. Mean scores of subscales were compared with the MAYSI-2 normative samples and other recent studies. Results indicated that this population has a high occurrence of mental health symptoms and there is high variability in the severity of the symptoms. In addition, a multivariate analysis of variance test found significant differences in mental health problems across ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Gilbert
- Regent University, School of Psychology and Counseling, Virginia Beach, VA, USA
| | - Todd L Grande
- Regent University, School of Psychology and Counseling, Virginia Beach, VA, USA
| | - Janelle Hallman
- Regent University, School of Psychology and Counseling, Virginia Beach, VA, USA
| | - Lee A Underwood
- Regent University, School of Psychology and Counseling, Virginia Beach, VA, USA
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47
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Valera P, Kratz M. The illness narratives of men involved in the criminal justice system: A study of health behaviors, chronic conditions and HIV/AIDS. J Soc Work (Lond) 2014; 14:645-657. [PMID: 25419175 PMCID: PMC4238886 DOI: 10.1177/1468017313503944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Former inmates encounter a variety of challenges when returning to their community, including poor health status and limited access to healthcare services. This qualitative study examined how former male inmates with chronic conditions perceived, understood, managed, and coped with their illnesses. FINDINGS The participants were Black and Puerto Rican, with a mean age of 47 years, who were interviewed within three years of their release. Participants reported at least one chronic condition, with 21 HIV-negative men using chaos narratives to depict their approach to disease management. Nine HIV-positive men used quest narratives to present their illnesses and were immediately linked to supportive services, enabling them to overcome the barriers to community reintegration. Applications: Health interventions in the area of forensic social work ought to focus on conducting Medicaid outreach and enrollment efforts prior to correctional facility discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Valera
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY
| | - Molly Kratz
- New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY
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48
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Panesar M, Bhutani H, Blizniak N, Gundroo A, Zachariah M, Pelley W, Venuto R. Evaluation of a Renal Transplant Program for Incarcerated ESRD Patients. J Correct Health Care 2014; 20:220-227. [PMID: 24934840 DOI: 10.1177/1078345814531726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Renal transplantation (Tx) improves mortality and morbidity but is limited by availability of suitable organs. Clinical and economic impact of a Tx program for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) prisoners was evaluated. Wait list time and patient and organ survival rates were assessed. Twelve of the 104 ESRD prisoners at a prison dialysis unit were activated; 9 transplanted, 2 released active on the United Network for Organ Sharing list, and 1 died after listing. Kidneys from antibody-positive hepatitis C (HepC) donors were given to consenting HepC antibody-positive recipients. The average waiting period was 6.6 months for HepC-positive kidney recipients and 49.6 months for others. Compared with costs of continuing dialysis, Tx resulted in substantial savings. Patients with HepC experienced good graft and survival rates when given grafts from HepC donors, suggesting that transplantation is a viable, cost-effective option for the incarcerated patient with ESRD including those who have chronic HepC infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandip Panesar
- Transplant Unit, Erie County Medical Center, Buffalo, NY, USA School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Nephrology Division, New York State University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Harpreet Bhutani
- School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Nephrology Division, New York State University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Nancy Blizniak
- Transplant Unit, Erie County Medical Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Aijaz Gundroo
- Transplant Unit, Erie County Medical Center, Buffalo, NY, USA School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Nephrology Division, New York State University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Mareena Zachariah
- Transplant Unit, Erie County Medical Center, Buffalo, NY, USA School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Nephrology Division, New York State University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - William Pelley
- Transplant Unit, Erie County Medical Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Rocco Venuto
- Transplant Unit, Erie County Medical Center, Buffalo, NY, USA School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Nephrology Division, New York State University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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49
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Barnert ES, Himelstein S, Herbert S, Garcia-Romeu A, Chamberlain LJ. Exploring an intensive meditation intervention for incarcerated youth. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2014; 19:69-73. [PMID: 32878366 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined the experiences of incarcerated adolescent males (N = 29) who participated in a one-day meditation retreat and 10-week meditation programme. METHOD Self-report surveys assessing mindfulness, self-regulation, impulsivity and stress; behavioural assessments; and focus group data were examined. RESULTS We observed significantly higher scores in self-regulation (p = .012) and psychometric markers demonstrated psychological enhancement. No behavioural change was observed. Six themes emerged: enhanced well-being, increased self-discipline, increased social cohesiveness, expanded self-awareness, resistance to meditation and future meditation practice. CONCLUSIONS Early evidence suggests that meditation training for incarcerated youth is a feasible and promising intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S Barnert
- UCLA Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Program, 10940 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 710, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Sarah Herbert
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | - Lisa J Chamberlain
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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50
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Kuo C, Johnson J, Rosen R, Wechsberg W, Gobin RL, Reddy MK, Peabody M, Zlotnick C. Emotional dysregulation and risky sex among incarcerated women with a history of interpersonal violence. Women Health 2014; 54:796-815. [PMID: 24965256 PMCID: PMC4074246 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2013.850143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Incarcerated women, in comparison to nonincarcerated women, are at high risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and many have experienced interpersonal violence. The psychological construct of emotional dysregulation-which includes heightened intensity of emotions, poor understanding of emotions, negative reactivity to emotion state, inability to control behaviors when experiencing emotional distress, and maladaptive emotion management responses-is a possible pathway to explain the link between interpersonal violence exposure and STI risk. The present study examined maladaptive emotion management responses for emotional dysregulation (i.e., avoidance and numbing, and dissociation) occurring in the context of risky sexual behavior. We collected qualitative data from 4 focus groups with a sample of n = 21 incarcerated women (aged 18+ years) from urban facilities in New England. Qualitative data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. Findings indicated that incarcerated women reported engaging in a variety of maladaptive responses for emotion management during sexual encounters. These maladaptive responses for emotion management appear to increase sexual risk behaviors and alter women's ability to implement STI protective behaviors, such as sexual negotiation and condom use. Preventive interventions to reduce sexual risk behaviors should incorporate strategies to promote emotional regulation among incarcerated women with histories of interpersonal violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Kuo
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town
| | | | - Rochelle Rosen
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University
- The Miriam Hospital
| | - Wendee Wechsberg
- Substance Abuse Treatment Evaluations and Interventions, Research Triangle Institute
| | - Robyn L. Gobin
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University
| | - Madhavi K. Reddy
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University
- Butler Hospital
- Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center
| | | | - Caron Zlotnick
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University
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