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Lopuzzo M, Montagna MT, Triggiano F, Caggiano G. Effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide wipes for surface disinfection in healthcare facilities. Ann Ig 2024; 36:487-497. [PMID: 38545674 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2024.2621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The correct method of surface disinfection in hospitals is an essential tool in the fight against the spread of healthcare-associated infections caused by multi-resistant microorganisms. Currently, there are many disinfectants on the market that can be used against different microorganisms. However, the effectiveness of different active molecules is controversial in the literature. Study design The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of wipes based on hydrogen peroxide (1.0 %) and highly specific plant-based surfactants, contained in H2O2TM (Hi-speed H2O2TM) products, against some hospital-associated microorganisms. Methods The effectiveness of the wipes was tested against nosocomial and control strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase, Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida parapsilosis. Specifically, in vitro activity was assessed using three different techniques: stainless steel surface testing, surface diffusion testing and well diffusion test. Results The three different methods tested confirm the wipes' good effectiveness against the most common multi-resistant bacteria and against fungi. Conclusions These data show that the tested wipes could be a valid adjunct to the disinfection process and could assist in the prevention of healthcare-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Lopuzzo
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Hygiene Section, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Montagna
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Hygiene Section, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Triggiano
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Hygiene Section, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Caggiano
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Hygiene Section, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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2
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He Z, Li Y, Yang L, Li Y, Cao D, Wang S, Xie J, Yan X. Sunlight-triggered prebiotic nanomotors for inhibition and elimination of pathogen and biofilm in aquatic environment. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 665:634-642. [PMID: 38552580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.03.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Pathogen contamination in drinking water sources causes waterborne infectious diseases, seriously threatening human health. Nowadays, stimuli-responsive self-propelled nanomotors are appealing therapeutic agents for antibacterial therapy in vivo. However, achieving water disinfection using these nanobots is still a great challenge. Herein, we report on prebiotic galactooligosaccharide-based nanomotors for sunlight-regulated water disinfection. The nanomotors can utilize galactooligosaccharide-based N-nitrosamines as sunlight-responsive fuels for the spontaneous production of antibacterial nitric oxide. Such a solar-to-chemical energy conversion would power the nanomotors for self-diffusiophoresis, which could promote the diffusion of the nanomotors in water and their penetration in the biofilm, significantly enhancing the inhibition and elimination of the pathogens and their biofilms in aquatic environments. After water treatments, the prebiotic-based residual disinfectants can be selectively utilized by beneficial bacteria to effectively relieve safety risks to the environment and human health. The low-energy-cost, green and potent antibacterial nanobots show promising potential in water disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxia He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yun Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Lianjiao Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Dongsheng Cao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Jianchun Xie
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Xibo Yan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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Guruge KS, Goswami P, Kanda K, Abeynayaka A, Kumagai M, Watanabe M, Tamamura-Andoh Y. Plastiome: Plastisphere-enriched mobile resistome in aquatic environments. J Hazard Mater 2024; 471:134353. [PMID: 38678707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Aquatic microplastics (MPs) act as reservoirs for microbial communities, fostering the formation of a mobile resistome encompassing diverse antibiotic (ARGs) and biocide/metal resistance genes (BMRGs), and mobile genetic elements (MGEs). This collective genetic repertoire, referred to as the "plastiome," can potentially perpetuate environmental antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Our study examining two Japanese rivers near Tokyo revealed that waterborne MPs are primarily composed of polyethylene and polypropylene fibers and sheets of diverse origin. Clinically important genera like Exiguobacterium and Eubacterium were notably enriched on MPs. Metagenomic analysis uncovered a 3.46-fold higher enrichment of ARGs on MPs than those in water, with multidrug resistance genes (MDRGs) and BMRGs prevailing, particularly within MPs. Specific ARG and BMRG subtypes linked to resistance to vancomycin, beta-lactams, biocides, arsenic, and mercury showed selective enrichment on MPs. Network analysis revealed intense associations between host genera with ARGs, BMRGs, and MGEs on MPs, emphasizing their role in coselection. In contrast, river water exhibited weaker associations. This study underscores the complex interactions shaping the mobile plastiome in aquatic environments and emphasizes the global imperative for research to comprehend and effectively control AMR within the One Health framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keerthi S Guruge
- Hygiene Management Group, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan.
| | - Prasun Goswami
- Hygiene Management Group, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kanda
- Hygiene Management Group, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan
| | - Amila Abeynayaka
- Pirika Inc., 1 Chome-7-2, Ebisu, Shibuya City, Tokyo 150-6018, Japan; Quantitative Sustainability Assessment, Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Masahiko Kumagai
- Bioinformatics Team, Research Center for Advanced Analysis, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan
| | - Mafumi Watanabe
- Hygiene Management Group, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan
| | - Yukino Tamamura-Andoh
- Enteric Pathogen Group, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan
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Cao J, Xue B, Yang S, Yang X, Zhang X, Qiu Z, Shen Z, Wang J. Chlorite and bromate alter the conjugative transfer of antibiotic resistance genes: Co-regulation of oxidative stress and energy supply. J Hazard Mater 2024; 471:134257. [PMID: 38636236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The widespread use of disinfectants during the global response to the 2019 coronavirus pandemic has increased the co-occurrence of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Although DBPs pose major threats to public health globally, there is limited knowledge regarding their biological effects on ARGs. This study aimed to investigate the effects of two inorganic DBPs (chlorite and bromate) on the conjugative transfer of RP4 plasmid among Escherichia coli strains at environmentally relevant concentrations. Interestingly, the frequency of conjugative transfer was initially inhibited when the exposure time to chlorite or bromate was less than 24 h. However, this inhibition transformed into promotion when the exposure time was extended to 36 h. Short exposures to chlorite or bromate were shown to impede the electron transport chain, resulting in an ATP shortage and subsequently inhibiting conjugative transfer. Consequently, this stimulates the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activation of the SOS response. Upon prolonged exposure, the resurgent energy supply promoted conjugative transfer. These findings offer novel and valuable insights into the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of inorganic DBPs on the conjugative transfer of ARGs, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the management of DBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrui Cao
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Bin Xue
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Shuran Yang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Zhigang Qiu
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China.
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Liotta JL, Helfer A, Huang L, Wu T, Bowman DD, Castillo C, Mohammed HO, Blank BS. Synergistic effects of using sodium hypochlorite (bleach) and desiccation in surface inactivation for Toxocara spp. Exp Parasitol 2024; 261:108753. [PMID: 38621506 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2024.108753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Toxocara cati and T. canis are parasitic nematodes found in the intestines of cats and dogs respectively, with a cosmopolitan distribution, and the potential for anthropozoonotic transmission, resulting in human toxocariasis. Spread of Toxocara spp. is primarily through the ingestion of embryonated eggs contaminating surfaces or uncooked food, or through the ingestion of a paratenic host containing a third-stage larva. The Toxocara spp. eggshell is composed of a lipid layer providing a permeability barrier, a chitinous layer providing structural strength, and thin vitelline and uterine layers, which combined create a biologically resistant structure, making the Toxocara spp. egg very hardy, and capable of surviving for years in the natural environment. The use of sodium hypochlorite, household bleach, as a disinfectant for Toxocara spp. eggs has been reported, with results varying from ineffective to limited effectiveness depending on parameters including contact time, concentration, and temperature. Desiccation or humidity levels have also been reported to have an impact on larval development and/or survival of Toxocara spp. eggs. However, to date, after a thorough search of the literature, no relevant publications have been found that evaluated the use of sodium hypochlorite and desiccation in combination. These experiments aim to assess the effects of using a combination of desiccation and 10% bleach solution (0.6% sodium hypochlorite) on fertilized or embryonated eggs of T. cati, T. canis, and T. vitulorum. Results of these experiments highlight the synergistic effects of desiccation and bleach, and demonstrate a relatively simple method for surface inactivation, resulting in a decrease in viability or destruction of T. cati, T. canis and T. vitulorum eggs. Implications for these findings may apply to larger scale elimination of ascarid eggs from both research, veterinary, and farming facilities to mitigate transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice L Liotta
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, and Immunology, 930 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, United States.
| | - Alexandra Helfer
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, and Immunology, 930 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, United States
| | - Lucy Huang
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, and Immunology, 930 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, United States
| | - Timothy Wu
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, and Immunology, 930 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, United States
| | - Dwight D Bowman
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, and Immunology, 930 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, United States
| | - Carlo Castillo
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, and Immunology, 930 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, United States
| | - Hussni O Mohammed
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, 930 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, United States
| | - Bryant S Blank
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Center for Animal Resources and Education (CARE), 930 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, United States
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Özmen P, Erdoğan H, Güngördü A, Pişkin B, Çobankara FK, Sütcü S, Şahin N. Comparison of antimicrobial efficacy of different disinfectants on the biofilm formation in dental unit water systems using dip slide and conventional methods: A pilot study. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:1241-1249. [PMID: 38328888 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Biofilm formation in dental waterlines brings opportunistic infections, especially for immunosuppressive patients. This study aimed to determine biofilm-forming microorganisms by various methods and investigate disinfectants' effects on biofilm. MATERIALS & METHODS In the study, samples were obtained from the waterlines of 10-15 aged six dental units, before (0 min.) and after chlorine dioxide (ClO2) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl) treatment (1, 5, 10, 20, and 30 min.), and total colony counts were performed using conventional surface smear method (SSM) and dip slide method (DSM). The Congo red agar and Christensen methods were used to examine the biofilm-forming properties of the isolates. Monitoring of biofilm presence was also visualized by SEM scanning. RESULTS When DSM and SSM are compared in all units where ClO2 and HOCl are applied, DSM can detect bacterial growth even during periods of greater exposure to disinfectant application. Although DSM can achieve a value approaching 3% even at the 10th minute in units treated with HOCl; SSM does not show reproduction at the same disinfectant exposure and duration; It was observed that in the units where ClO2 was applied, the growth was no longer observed at the 10th minute with DSM, and SSM, 50% growth in the first minute of the units treated with ClO2 could not be detected in the 5th minute. CONCLUSIONS It is concluded that it can be advisable to routinely disinfect the dental unit water systems with non-toxic doses of ClO2 application before patient treatments in clinics and also to perform contamination controls at regular intervals with DSM, which is a sensitive and very practical method. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS It has been observed that the dip slide method can count bacteria more sensitively than conventional methods in dental water systems without the need for experienced personnel and equipment. The difference between biofilm formation in water systems before and after disinfectant exposure in SEM examinations is remarkable. The effects of ClO2 and HOCl on biofilm were investigated and bacterial growth was inhibited in dental units between 5 and 10 minutes with both disinfectants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Özmen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Nevşehir Hacı Bektas Veli University, Nevsehir, Turkey
| | - Hilal Erdoğan
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University, Nevsehir, Turkey
| | - Aslıhan Güngördü
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Bülent Pişkin
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Cappadocia University, Nevsehir, Turkey
| | - Funda Kont Çobankara
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Serdar Sütcü
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cappadocia University, Nevsehir, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Şahin
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Cappadocia University, Nevsehir, Turkey
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7
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Torres HM, Marino J, Simon MS, Singh HK, Westblade LF, Calfee DP. High touch surface bioburden associated with the use of disinfectants with and without continuously active disinfection in ambulatory care settings. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2024; 45:790-792. [PMID: 38374787 DOI: 10.1017/ice.2024.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
A quaternary ammonium and alcohol-based disinfectant with reported continuous activity demonstrated reduced microbial buildup on surfaces over time compared to routine disinfectants without continuous activity in in vitro and hospital studies. We compared these disinfectants in ambulatory settings and found no difference in bioburden on high-touch surfaces over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi M Torres
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Matthew S Simon
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Harjot K Singh
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lars F Westblade
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David P Calfee
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Vidács A, Kerekes EB, Takó M, Vágvölgyi C, Krisch J. Eradication of multiple-species biofilms from food industrial and domestic surfaces using essential oils. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2024; 30:361-369. [PMID: 36959708 DOI: 10.1177/10820132231165543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Microbial biofilm formation represents a serious problem for both food industry and households. Natural biofilms are formed mostly by multiple species, and show resistance against most of the usual sanitizers. In this study, the effects of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), marjoram (Origanum majorana) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris) essential oils (EOs) and their main components (cinnamaldehyde, terpinene-4-ol, and thymol) were investigated on four-species biofilms of Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas putida and Staphylococcus aureus. Minimum bactericide concentration (MBC) and killing time were determined by means of the microdilution method. MBC of the investigated EOs and components was between 0.5 mg/mL (cinnamaldehyde) to 25 mg/mL (terpinene-4-ol). Killing times for the four-species suspension were 5 or 10 min, time spans usable in the food industry. For eradication of the mixed-population biofilm from stainless steel (SS), polypropylene (PP), tile and wood surfaces, EO- or EO component-based disinfectant solutions were developed, and their effects were compared to a peracetic acid-based industrial sanitizer (HC-DPE). Total eradication of biofilms (99.9%) was achieved, with solutions containing cinnamon and thyme EO and EO components, from SS and PP, but not from tile or wood surfaces. Apparently, cinnamon EO, terpinene-4-ol and thymol have better disinfectant activity than HC-DPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Vidács
- Institute of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Erika Beáta Kerekes
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Miklós Takó
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csaba Vágvölgyi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Judit Krisch
- Institute of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Cadnum JL, Memic S, Jencson AL, Donskey CJ. Why is there a discrepancy between laboratory test results and real-world efficacy of continuously active quaternary ammonium disinfectants? Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2024; 45:796-798. [PMID: 38343341 DOI: 10.1017/ice.2024.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Cadnum
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Samir Memic
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Annette L Jencson
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Curtis J Donskey
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
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Chen H, Gao J, Wang Q, Liu Y, Wu L, Fu X, Guo Y, Wang H, Wang Y. The synergistic effect of periodate/ferrate (VI) system on disinfection of antibiotic resistant bacteria and removal of antibiotic resistant genes: The dominance of Fe (IV)/Fe (V). J Hazard Mater 2024; 470:134132. [PMID: 38554510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
The proliferation of antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) caused by antibiotic abuse has raised concerns about the global infectious-disease crisis. This study employed periodate (PI)/ferrate (VI) (Fe (VI)) system to disinfect Gram-negative ARB (Escherichia coli DH5α) and Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis ATCC6633). The PI/Fe (VI) system could inactivate 1 × 108 CFU/mL of Gram-negative ARB and Gram-positive bacteria by 4.0 and 2.8 log in 30 min. Neutral and acidic pH, increase of PI dosage and Fe (VI) dosage had positive impacts on the inactivation efficiency of ARB, while alkaline solution and the coexistence of 10 mM Cl-, NO3-, SO42- and 20 mg/L humic acid had slightly negative impacts. The reactive species generated by PI/Fe (VI) system could disrupt the integrity of cell membrane and wall, leading to oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Intracellular hereditary substance, including DNA and ARGs (tetA), would leak into the external environment through damaged cells and be degraded. The electron spin resonance analysis and quenching experiments indicated that Fe (IV)/Fe (V) played a leading role in disinfection. Meanwhile, PI/Fe (VI) system also had an efficient removal effect on sulfadiazine, which was expected to inhibit the ARGs transmission from the source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jingfeng Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Qian Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Ying Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Lei Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiaoyu Fu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yi Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hanyi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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Xu C, Zhang Y, Hu C, Shen C, Li F, Xu Y, Liu W, Shi D. From disinfection to pathogenicity: Occurrence, resistome risks and assembly mechanism of biocide and metal resistance genes in hospital wastewaters. Environ Pollut 2024; 349:123910. [PMID: 38570158 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Hospital wastewaters (HWWs) represent critical reservoir for the accumulation and propagation of resistance genes. However, studies on biocide and metal resistance genes (BMRGs) and their associated resistome risks and driving mechanisms in HWWs are still in their infancy. Here, metagenomic assembly was firstly used to investigate host pathogenicity and transferability profiles of BMGRs in a typical HWWs system. As a result, genes conferring resistance to Ethidium Bromide, Benzylkonium Chloride, and Cetylpyridinium Chloride dominated biocide resistance genes (BRGs), whereas Cu resistance gene was the largest contributor of metal resistance genes (MRGs). Most BMRGs experienced significant reduction from anoxic-aerobic treatment to sedimentation stages but exhibited enrichment after chlorine disinfection. Network analysis indicated intense interactions between BMRGs and virulence factors (VFs). Polar_flagella, belonging to the adherence was identified to play important role in the network. Contig-based analysis further revealed noteworthy shifts in host associations along the treatment processes, with Pseudomonadota emerging as the primary carrier, hosting 91.1% and 85.3% of the BRGs and MRGs. A total of 199 opportunistic pathogens were identified to carry 285 BMRG subtypes, which mainly included Pseudomonas alcaligenes, Pseudomonas lundensis, and Escherichia coli. Notably, ruvB conferring resistance to Cr, Cetylpyridinium Chloride, and Dodine were characterized with the highest frequency carried by pathogens. Diverse co-occurrence patterns between BMRGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were found from the raw influent to final effluent. Overall, 10.5% BRGs and 8.84% MRGs were mobile and among the 4 MGEs, transposase exhibited the greatest potential for the BMRGs dissemination. Furthermore, deterministic processes played a dominant role in bacterial communities and BMRGs assembly in HWWs. Bacterial communities contributed more than MGEs in shaping the resistome. Taken together, this work demonstrated widespread BMRGs pollution throughout the HWWs treatment system, emphasizing the potential for informing resistome risk and ecological mechanism in medical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenye Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yibo Zhang
- Department of Infection Control, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Chun Hu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Chensi Shen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Fang Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yumin Xu
- Department of Infection Control, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Weiping Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Dake Shi
- Department of Infection Control, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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12
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Richter WR, Weston BL, Sunderman MM, Willenberg Z, Ratliff K, Wood JP. Neutralization of ricin toxin on building interior surfaces using liquid decontaminants. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302967. [PMID: 38722908 PMCID: PMC11081333 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Ricin is a highly toxic protein, capable of inhibiting protein synthesis within cells, and is produced from the beans of the Ricinus communis (castor bean) plant. Numerous recent incidents involving ricin have occurred, many in the form of mailed letters resulting in both building and mail sorting facility contamination. The goal of this study was to assess the decontamination efficacy of several commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) cleaners and decontaminants (solutions of sodium hypochlorite [bleach], quaternary ammonium, sodium percarbonate, peracetic acid, and hydrogen peroxide) against a crude preparation of ricin toxin. The ricin was inoculated onto four common building materials (pine wood, drywall joint tape, countertop laminate, and industrial carpet), and the decontaminants were applied to the test coupons using a handheld sprayer. Decontamination efficacy was quantified using an in-vitro cytotoxicity assay to measure the quantity of bioactive ricin toxin extracted from test coupons as compared to the corresponding positive controls (not sprayed with decontaminant). Results showed that decontamination efficacy varied by decontaminant and substrate material, and that efficacy generally improved as the number of spray applications or contact time increased. The solutions of 0.45% peracetic acid and the 20,000-parts per million (ppm) sodium hypochlorite provided the overall best decontamination efficacy. The 0.45% peracetic acid solution achieved 97.8 to 99.8% reduction with a 30-min contact time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bailey L. Weston
- Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | | | - Zach Willenberg
- Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Katherine Ratliff
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States of America
| | - Joseph P. Wood
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States of America
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13
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Wood JP. Review of techniques for the in-situ sterilization of soil contaminated with Bacillus anthracis spores or other pathogens. Res Microbiol 2024; 175:104175. [PMID: 38141796 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the literature on efficacy of techniques to sterilize soil. Soil may need to be sterilized if contaminated with pathogens such as Bacillus anthracis. Sterilizing soil in-situ minimizes spread of the bio-contaminant. Soil is difficult to sterilize, with efficacy generally diminishing with depth. Methyl bromide, formaldehyde, and glutaraldehyde are the only soil treatment options that have been demonstrated at full-scale to effectively inactivate Bacillus spores. Soil sterilization modalities with high efficacy at bench-scale include wet and dry heat, metam sodium, chlorine dioxide gas, and activated sodium persulfate. Simple oxidants such as chlorine bleach are ineffective in sterilizing soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Wood
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Homeland Security Research Program, 109 T.W. Alexander Dr., P.O. Box 12055, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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14
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Suchomel M, Kampf G, Gebel J, Droop F, Christiansen B, Roesch KM. How reliable are test results from 17 laboratories on the basis of EN 1500 for a hand rub based on 80% (w/w)? J Hosp Infect 2024; 147:188-196. [PMID: 38373530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2024.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A ring trial organized by the Association of Applied Hygiene (VAH) on the bactericidal efficacy of an ethanol-based hand rub was carried out in 17 laboratories according to EN 1500 with the aim of describing the variability of test results and fulfilment of the methodological acceptance criteria. METHOD As a test product, a hand rub based on 80% ethanol (w/w) was tested in comparison with the reference alcohol (60% iso-propanol, v/v) in a crossover design. After pre-washing and contamination following the norm, hands were treated either with the reference alcohol (2 × 3 mL for 2 × 30 s) or the test product (3 mL in 30 s). Post-decontamination values were determined immediately after the rub-in period. Validated neutralizers were used. The arithmetic means of all individual log10 pre-values, post-values and reduction values were calculated per laboratory. Non-inferiority was assumed when the Hodges-Lehmann 97.5% confidence limit was <0.6 in comparison with the reference. A z-score was calculated to determine the laboratory performance. RESULTS Two laboratories did not meet the acceptance criteria and were excluded from the analysis. The bactericidal efficacy of the test product was non-inferior to the reference product in four laboratories and not non-inferior in 11 laboratories. The z-score for the Hodges-Lehmann 97.5% confidence limit indicated a satisfactory performance in all laboratories. CONCLUSION We consider the EN 1500 test method to be robust in terms of the variability of test results. For products of borderline efficacy, the evaluation should be based on more than one test.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Suchomel
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - G Kampf
- University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - J Gebel
- Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - F Droop
- Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - B Christiansen
- Association for Applied Hygiene, c/o Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - K-M Roesch
- Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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15
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Martins F, Rodrigues N, Pereira JA, Baptista P, Ramalhosa E. Effect of the cleaning and disinfection methods on the hygienic conditions of fermentation tanks of table olives (Olea europaea L.) Negrinha de Freixo cultivar. Food Microbiol 2024; 119:104425. [PMID: 38225036 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2023.104425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate and identify the microbial community attached to the surfaces of fermenter tanks used in table olive Negrinha de Freixo cultivar processing through molecular analysis and verify if the cleaning/disinfection was done correctly. Four fermentation tanks previously used in table olive processing were sampled at three different inside areas: upper, middle, and lower. Before sampling, four cleaning/disinfection methods were applied to the tanks, including (i) pressurised water; (ii) a disinfectant product used to clean bowls (Vasiloxe); (iii) 10% sodium hydroxide solution (caustic soda liquid); and (iv) a disinfectant product used by the wine industry (Hosbit). For each sample collected, mesophilic aerobic bacteria, yeast and moulds (YMC), lactic acid bacteria (LAB), as well as total coliforms (TC) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were evaluated. The results showed significant differences between the different cleaning/disinfection methods applied. The fermenter sanitised with only pressurised water showed a greater abundance of microorganisms than the others. Mesophilic aerobic bacteria were the predominant population, with counts ranging between 2.63 and 5.56 log10 CFU/100 cm2, followed by the moulds (3.11-5.03 log10 CFU/100 cm2) and yeasts (2.42-5.12 log10 CFU/100 cm2). High diversity of microbial communities was observed between the different fermenter tanks. The most abundant species belonged to Aureobasidium, Bacillaceae, Cladosporium, and Rhodotorula genera. LAB, TC, and P. aeruginosa were not detected. This study hopes to improve hygienic conditions and increase the quality assurance and safety of the final product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Martins
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Nuno Rodrigues
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal
| | - José Alberto Pereira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Paula Baptista
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Elsa Ramalhosa
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal.
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16
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Vu HP, Kuzhiumparambil U, Cai Z, Wang Q, Ralph PJ, Nghiem LD. Enhanced biomethane production from Scenedesmus sp. using polymer harvesting and expired COVID-19 disinfectant for pretreatment. Chemosphere 2024; 356:141869. [PMID: 38575081 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluates the repurposing of expired isopropanol (IPA) COVID-19 disinfectant (64% w/w) to pretreat algal biomass for enhancing methane (CH4) yield. The impact of harvesting methods (centrifugation and polymer flocculation) and microwave pretreatment on CH4 production from Scenedesmus sp. microalgal biomass were also investigated. Results show minimal impact of harvesting methods on the CH4 yield, with wet centrifuged and polymer-harvested biomass exhibiting comparable and low CH4 production at 66 and 74 L/kgvolatile solid, respectively. However, microalgae drying significantly increased CH4 yield compared to wet biomass, attributed to cell shrinkage and enhanced digestibility. Consequently, microwave and IPA pretreatment significantly enhanced CH4 production when applied to dried microalgae, yielding a 135% and 212% increase, respectively, compared to non-pretreated wet biomass. These findings underscore the advantage of using dried Scenedesmus sp. over wet biomass and highlight the synergistic effect of combining oven drying with IPA treatment to boost CH4 production whilst reducing COVID-19 waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang P Vu
- Center for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | | | - Zhengqing Cai
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Qilin Wang
- Center for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Peter J Ralph
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Long D Nghiem
- Center for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
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17
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Baumann AA, Myers AK, Khajeh-Kazerooni N, Rosenthal B, Jenkins M, O'Brien C, Fuller L, Morgan M, Lenaghan SC. Aqueous Ozone Exposure Inhibits Sporulation in the Cyclospora cayetanensis Surrogate Eimeria acervulina. J Food Prot 2024; 87:100260. [PMID: 38460785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2024.100260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Ozone is a potent disinfecting agent used to treat potable water and wastewater, effectively clearing protozoa such as Giardia and Cryptosporidium spp. It is unclear whether ozone treatment of water or fresh produce can reduce the spread of the emerging parasite Cyclospora cayetanensis, which causes cyclosporiasis in humans. Obtaining viable C. cayetanensis oocysts to evaluate inactivation methods is challenging because we lack the means to propagate them in vitro, because of delays in case reporting, and because health departments typically add inactivating fixatives to clinical specimens. Research in various surrogate organisms has sought to bolster understanding of the biology of C. cayetanensis. Among these surrogates is the poultry parasite Eimeria acervulina, a closely related and easily cultured parasite of economic significance. We used this surrogate to evaluate the consequences of ozone treatment, using the sporulation state as an indicator of infectious potential. Treating with ozonated water acidified with citric acid reduced sporulation ability in a dose-dependent manner; treatment with up to 4.93 mg/L initial concentration of ozone resulted in a 93% inactivation of sporulation by 7 days posttreatment. This developmental arrest was accompanied by transcriptional changes in genes involved in regulating the response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a time course that is consistent with the production of oxygen free radicals. This study shows that ozone is highly effective in preventing sporulation of E. acervulina, a model coccidian used as a surrogate for Cyclospora. Furthermore, ozone exposure induced molecular responses to general oxidative stress, documented with several well-characterized antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron A Baumann
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology (CASB), University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Addison K Myers
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | | | - Benjamin Rosenthal
- Animal Parasitic Disease Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Mark Jenkins
- Animal Parasitic Disease Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Celia O'Brien
- Animal Parasitic Disease Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Lorraine Fuller
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Mark Morgan
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Scott C Lenaghan
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology (CASB), University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA; Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
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18
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McCarlie SJ, du Preez LL, Hernandez JC, Boucher CE, Bragg RR. Transcriptomic signature of bacteria exposed to benzalkonium chloride. Res Microbiol 2024; 175:104151. [PMID: 37952705 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted our reliance on biocides, the increasing prevalence of resistance to biocides is a risk to public health. Bacterial exposure to the biocide, benzalkonium chloride (BAC), resulted in a unique transcriptomic profile, characterised by both a short and long-term response. Differential gene expression was observed in four main areas: motility, membrane composition, proteostasis, and the stress response. A metabolism shift to protect the proteome and the stress response were prioritised suggesting these are main resistance mechanisms. Whereas "well-established" mechanisms, such as biofilm formation, were not found to be differentially expressed after exposure to BAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J McCarlie
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, University of the Free State, South Africa
| | - Louis L du Preez
- Research & HPC: ICT Services, University of the Free State, South Africa
| | | | - Charlotte E Boucher
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, University of the Free State, South Africa
| | - Robert R Bragg
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, University of the Free State, South Africa.
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19
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Sohn HJ, Park AY, Lee JH, Yun KH, Song KJ, Kim JH, Shin HJ. Amoebicidal effect of chlorine dioxide gas against pathogenic Naegleria fowleri and Acanthamoeba polyphaga. Parasitol Res 2024; 123:192. [PMID: 38652173 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08215-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The pathogenic free-living amoebae, Naegleria fowleri and Acanthamoeba polyphaga, are found in freshwater, soil, and unchlorinated or minimally chlorinated swimming pools. N. fowleri and A. polyphaga are becoming problematic as water leisure activities and drinking water are sources of infection. Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) gas is a potent disinfectant that is relatively harmless to humans at the concentration used for disinfection. In this study, we examined the amoebicidal effects of ClO2 gas on N. fowleri and A. polyphaga. These amoebae were exposed to ClO2 gas from a ready-to-use product (0.36 ppmv/h) for 12, 24, 36, and 48 h. Microscopic examination showed that the viability of N. fowleri and A. polyphaga was effectively inhibited by treatment with ClO2 gas in a time-dependent manner. The growth of N. fowleri and A. polyphaga exposed to ClO2 gas for 36 h was completely inhibited. In both cases, the mRNA levels of their respective actin genes were significantly reduced following treatment with ClO2 gas. ClO2 gas has an amoebicidal effect on N. fowleri and A. polyphaga. Therefore, ClO2 gas has been proposed as an effective agent for the prevention and control of pathogenic free-living amoeba contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Jin Sohn
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - A-Young Park
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Heon Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Hwa Yun
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ju Song
- Chunsu Mountain Medicinal Herb Research Association, Bundanggu, 13637, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyun Kim
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ho-Joon Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Ahmed WI, Mohammed AN, Sleim ASA. Efficacy evaluation of hydrogen peroxide disinfectant based zinc oxide nanoparticles against diarrhea causing Escherichia coli in ruminant animals and broiler chickens. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9159. [PMID: 38644372 PMCID: PMC11033286 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59280-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Different strains of Escherichia coli that exhibit genetic characteristics linked to diarrhea pose a major threat to both human and animal health. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli), the genetic linkages and routes of transmission between E. coli isolates from different animal species. The efficiency of disinfectants such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), Virkon®S, TH4+, nano zinc oxide (ZnO NPs), and H2O2-based zinc oxide nanoparticles (H2O2/ZnO NPs) against isolated strains of E. coli was evaluated. Using 100 fecal samples from different diarrheal species (cow n = 30, sheep n = 40, and broiler chicken n = 30) for E. coli isolation and identification using the entero-bacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC-PCR) fingerprinting technique. The E. coli properties isolated from several diarrheal species were examined for their pathogenicity in vitro. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), zeta potential, and particle size distribution were used for the synthesis and characterization of ZnO NPs and H2O2/ZnO NPs. The broth macro-dilution method was used to assess the effectiveness of disinfectants and disinfectant-based nanoparticles against E. coli strains. Regarding the results, the hemolytic activity and Congo red binding assays of pathogenic E. coli isolates were 55.3 and 44.7%, respectively. Eleven virulent E. coli isolates were typed into five ERIC-types (A1, A2, B1, B2, and B3) using the ERIC-PCR method. These types clustered into two main clusters (A and B) with 75% similarity. In conclusion, there was 90% similarity between the sheep samples' ERIC types A1 and A2. On the other hand, 89% of the ERIC types B1, B2, and B3 of cows and poultry samples were comparable. The H2O2/ZnO NPs composite exhibits potential antibacterial action against E. coli isolates at 0.04 mg/ml after 120 min of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa I Ahmed
- Bacteriology Lab., Alexandria Provincial Lab., Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Asmaa N Mohammed
- Department of Hygiene, Zoonoses and Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt.
| | - Al-Shimaa A Sleim
- Bacteriology Lab., Alexandria Provincial Lab., Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
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21
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Zhang M, Leong MW, Mitch WA, Blish CA, Boehm A. Persistence and free chlorine disinfection of human coronaviruses and their surrogates in water. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0005524. [PMID: 38511945 PMCID: PMC11022552 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00055-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic illustrates the importance of understanding the behavior and control of human pathogenic viruses in the environment. Exposure via water (drinking, bathing, and recreation) is a known route of transmission of viruses to humans, but the literature is relatively void of studies on the persistence of many viruses, especially coronaviruses, in water and their susceptibility to chlorine disinfection. To fill that knowledge gap, we evaluated the persistence and free chlorine disinfection of human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) and its surrogates, murine hepatitis virus (MHV) and porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), in drinking water and laboratory buffer using cell culture methods. The decay rate constants of human coronavirus and its surrogates in water varied, depending on virus and water matrix. In drinking water without disinfectant addition, MHV showed the largest decay rate constant (estimate ± standard error, 2.25 ± 0.09 day-1) followed by HCoV-OC43 (0.99 ± 0.12 day-1) and TGEV (0.65 ± 0.06 day-1), while in phosphate buffer without disinfectant addition, HCoV-OC43 (0.51 ± 0.10 day-1) had a larger decay rate constant than MHV (0.28 ± 0.03 day-1) and TGEV (0.24 ± 0.02 day-1). Upon free chlorine disinfection, the inactivation rates of coronaviruses were independent of free chlorine concentration and were not affected by water matrix, though they still varied between viruses. TGEV showed the highest susceptibility to free chlorine disinfection with the inactivation rate constant of 113.50 ± 7.50 mg-1 min-1 L, followed by MHV (81.33 ± 4.90 mg-1 min-1 L) and HCoV-OC43 (59.42 ± 4.41 mg-1 min-1 L). IMPORTANCE This study addresses an important knowledge gap on enveloped virus persistence and disinfection in water. Results have immediate practical applications for shaping evidence-based water policies, particularly in the development of disinfection strategies for pathogenic virus control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Doerr School of Sustainability, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Michelle Wei Leong
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - William A. Mitch
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Doerr School of Sustainability, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Catherine A. Blish
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Alexandria Boehm
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Doerr School of Sustainability, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Sun H, Zhou ZJ, Wen HQ, Chen FF, Pan Y, Tang Q, Yu HQ. Deciphering the Roles of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) in Shaping Disinfection Kinetics through Permanent Removal via Genetic Disruption. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:6552-6563. [PMID: 38571383 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c01612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) ubiquitously encapsulate microbes and play crucial roles in various environmental processes. However, understanding their complex interactions with dynamic bacterial behaviors, especially during the disinfection process, remains very limited. In this work, we investigated the impact of EPS on bacterial disinfection kinetics by developing a permanent EPS removal strategy. We genetically disrupted the synthesis of exopolysaccharides, the structural components of EPS, in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a well-known EPS-producing opportunistic pathogen found in diverse environments, creating an EPS-deficient strain. This method ensured a lasting absence of EPS while maintaining bacterial integrity and viability, allowing for real-time in situ investigations of the roles of EPS in disinfection. Our findings indicate that removing EPS from bacteria substantially lowered their susceptibility threshold to disinfectants such as ozone, chloramine B, and free chlorine. This removal also substantially accelerated disinfection kinetics, shortened the resistance time, and increased disinfection efficiency, thereby enhancing the overall bactericidal effect. The absence of EPS was found to enhance bacterial motility and increase bacterial cell vulnerability to disinfectants, resulting in greater membrane damage and intensified reactive oxygen species (ROS) production upon exposure to disinfectants. These insights highlight the central role of EPS in bacterial defenses and offer promising implications for developing more effective disinfection strategies.
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Lin ZJ, Zhou ZC, Shuai XY, Shan XY, Zhou JY, Chen H. Deciphering Multidrug-Resistant Plasmids in Disinfection Residual Bacteria from a Wastewater Treatment Plant. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:6793-6803. [PMID: 38574343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Current disinfection processes pose an emerging environmental risk due to the ineffective removal of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, especially disinfection residual bacteria (DRB) carrying multidrug-resistant plasmids (MRPs). However, the characteristics of DRB-carried MRPs are poorly understood. In this study, qPCR analysis reveals that the total absolute abundance of four plasmids in postdisinfection effluent decreases by 1.15 log units, while their relative abundance increases by 0.11 copies/cell compared to investigated wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) influent. We obtain three distinctive DRB-carried MRPs (pWWTP-01-03) from postdisinfection effluent, each carrying 9-11 antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs). pWWTP-01 contains all 11 ARGs within an ∼25 Kbp chimeric genomic island showing strong patterns of recombination with MRPs from foodborne outbreaks and hospitals. Antibiotic-, disinfectant-, and heavy-metal-resistant genes on the same plasmid underscore the potential roles of disinfectants and heavy metals in the coselection of ARGs. Additionally, pWWTP-02 harbors an adhesin-type virulence operon, implying risks of both antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity upon entering environments. Furthermore, some MRPs from DRB are capable of transferring and could confer selective advantages to recipients under environmentally relevant antibiotic pressure. Overall, this study advances our understanding of DRB-carried MRPs and highlights the imminent need to monitor and control wastewater MRPs for environmental security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Jun Lin
- Institute of Environmental Technology, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhen-Chao Zhou
- Institute of Environmental Technology, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin-Yi Shuai
- Institute of Environmental Technology, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Shan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jin-Yu Zhou
- Institute of Environmental Technology, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Institute of Environmental Technology, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- International Cooperation Base of Environmental Pollution and Ecological Health, Science and Technology Agency of Zhejiang, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Xiao X, He M, Ma L, Lv W, Huang K, Yang H, Li Y, Zou L, Xiao Y, Wang W. Insights into microbial contamination and antibiotic resistome traits in pork wholesale market: An evaluation of the disinfection effect of sodium hypochlorite. J Hazard Mater 2024; 468:133811. [PMID: 38382341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Chlorine and its derivatives, such as sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and chlorine dioxide, are frequently employed as disinfectants throughout the pork supply chain in China. Nevertheless, the extensive use of NaClO has the potential to cause the creation of 'chlorine-tolerant bacteria' and accelerate the evolution of antibiotic resistance. This study evaluated the efficacy of NaClO disinfection by examining alterations in the microbiome and resistome of a pork wholesale market (PWM), and bacteria isolation and analysis were performed to validate the findings. As expected, the taxonomic compositions of bacteria was significantly different before and after disinfection. Notably, Salmonella enterica (S. enterica), Salmonella bongori (S. bongori), Escherichia coli (E. coli), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) were observed on all surfaces, indicating that the application of NaClO disinfection treatment in PWM environments for pathogenic bacteria is limited. Correlations were identified between antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) associated with aminoglycosides (aph(3'')-I, aph(6')-I), quinolone (qnrB, abaQ), polymyxin (arnA, mcr-4) and disinfectant resistance genes (emrA/BD, mdtA/B/C/E/F). Furthermore, correlations were found between risk Rank I ARGs associated with aminoglycoside (aph(3')-I), tetracycline (tetH), beta_lactam (TEM-171), and disinfectant resistance genes (mdtB/C/E/F, emrA, acrB, qacG). Importantly, we found that Acinetobacter and Salmonella were the main hosts of disinfectant resistance genes. The resistance mechanisms of the ARGs identified in PWM were dominated by antibiotic deactivation (38.7%), antibiotic efflux (27.2%), and antibiotic target protection (14.4%). The proportion of genes encoding efflux pumps in the PWM resistome increased after disinfection. Microbial cultures demonstrated that the traits of microbial contamination and antibiotic resistane were consistent with those observed by metagenomic sequencing. This study highlights the possibility of cross-resistance between NaClO disinfectants and antibiotics, which should not be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingning Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Hangzhou), Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miao He
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Hangzhou), Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China; College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lingyan Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Hangzhou), Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wentao Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Hangzhou), Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kang Huang
- Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, USA
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Hangzhou), Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanbin Li
- Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Likou Zou
- College of Resources and Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yingping Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Hangzhou), Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Hangzhou), Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
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25
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Chen Z, Yang Y, Li G, Huang Y, Luo Y, Le S. Effective elimination of bacteria on hard surfaces by the combined use of bacteriophages and chemical disinfectants. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0379723. [PMID: 38483478 PMCID: PMC10986474 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03797-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) represent one of the significant causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and controlling pathogens in the hospital environment is of great importance. Currently, the standard disinfection method in the hospital environment is chemical disinfection. However, disinfectants are usually not used strictly according to the label, making them less effective in disinfection. Therefore, there is an emergent need to find a better approach that can be used in hospitals to control pathogenic bacteria in the clinical environment. Bacteriophages (phages) are effective in killing bacteria and have been applied in the treatment of bacterial infections but have not received enough attention regarding the control of contamination in the clinical environment. In this study, we found that various phages remain active in the presence of chemical disinfectants. Moreover, the combined use of specific phages and chemical disinfectants is more effective in removing bacterial biofilms and eliminating bacteria on hard surfaces. Thus, this proof-of-concept study indicates that adding phages directly to chemical disinfectants might be an effective and economical approach to enhance clinical environment disinfection. IMPORTANCE In this study, we investigated whether the combination of bacteriophages and chemical disinfectants can enhance the efficacy of reducing bacterial contamination on hard surfaces in the clinical setting. We found that specific phages are active in chemical disinfectants and that the combined use of phages and chemical disinfectants was highly effective in reducing bacterial presence on hard surfaces. As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrated that adding specific phages directly to chemical disinfectants is an effective and cost-efficient strategy for clinical environment disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyue Chen
- School of Nursing, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuhui Yang
- School of Nursing, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gaoming Li
- Disease Surveillance Division, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Central Theater Command, Shijingshan, Beijing, China
| | - Youying Huang
- Biomedical Analysis Center, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Luo
- School of Nursing, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuai Le
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering Under the Educational Committee in Chongqing, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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26
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Su Y, Shen X, Liu A, Zhu MJ. Evaluation of Enterococcus faecium NRRL B-2354 as a surrogate for Listeria monocytogenes during chlorine and peroxyacetic acid interventions in simulated apple dump tank water. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 414:110613. [PMID: 38341905 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Sanitizers are widely incorporated in commercial apple dump tank systems to mitigate the cross-contamination of foodborne pathogens. This study validated the suitability of Enterococcus faecium NRRL B-2354 as a surrogate for Listeria monocytogenes during sanitizer interventions in dump tank water systems. E. faecium NRRL B-2354 inoculated on apples exhibited statistically equivalent susceptibility to L. monocytogenes when exposed to chlorine-based sanitizers (25-100 ppm free chlorine (FC)) and peroxyacetic acid (PAA, 20-80 ppm) in simulated dump tank water (SDTW) with 1000 ppm chemical oxygen demand (COD), resulting in 0.2-0.9 and 1.1-1.7 log CFU/apple reduction, respectively. Increasing the contact time did not affect sanitizer efficacies against E. faecium NRRL B-2354 and L. monocytogenes on apples. Chlorine and PAA interventions demonstrated statistically similar efficacies against both bacteria inoculated in SDTW. Chlorine at 25 and 100 ppm FC for 0.5-5 min contact yielded ~37.68-78.25 % and > 99.85 % inactivation, respectively, in water with 1000-4000 ppm COD, while ~51.55-99.86 % and > 99.97 % inactivation was observed for PAA at 20 and 80 ppm, respectively. No statistically significant difference was observed between the transference of E. faecium NRRL B-2354 and L. monocytogenes from inoculated apples to uninoculated apples and water, and from water to uninoculated apples during chlorine- or PAA-treated SDTW exposure. The data suggest E. faecium NRRL B-2354 is a viable surrogate for L. monocytogenes in dump tank washing systems, which could be used to predict the anti-Listeria efficacy of chlorine and PAA interventions during commercial apple processing. Further investigations are recommended to assess the suitability of E. faecium NRRL B-2354 as a surrogate for L. monocytogenes, when using different sanitizers and different types of produce to ensure reliable and comprehensive results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Su
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States of America
| | - Xiaoye Shen
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States of America
| | - Andrew Liu
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States of America
| | - Mei-Jun Zhu
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States of America.
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27
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Chen M, Wang H, Jiang S, Ji S, Yu Y, Chen Y. mprF mutations in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus confer reduced susceptibility to biocides and daptomycin. Clin Microbiol Infect 2024; 30:552-553. [PMID: 38141823 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhen Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China; Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiping Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China; Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengnan Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China; Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shujuan Ji
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China; Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunsong Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China; Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China; Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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28
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Arango-Palacio L, Pinzón-Núñez AM, Hoyos-Carvajal L, Ospina-Galeano DF, Feria-Gómez DF, Izquierdo-García LF, Betancourt-Vásquez M, Zapata-Henao S. Behavior and Use of Quaternary Ammonium-Based Disinfectants in Biosafety Protocols Against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Race 1 and Tropical Race 4. Plant Dis 2024; 108:971-978. [PMID: 37877994 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-23-1138-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
The banana is one of Colombia's main export products. However, production is seriously affected by Fusarium wilt of banana, which is the most destructive disease caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4). Currently, management strategies focus on containment and biosecurity protocols to prevent its spread to territories that are free of this disease. This study aimed to evaluate nine quaternary ammonium-based disinfectants (i.e., quaternary ammonium compounds [QACs]) in vitro in Colombia on reproductive (microconidia and macroconidia) and resistance structures (chlamydospores) of Foc race 1 (R1) and tropical race 4 (TR4), with and without soil, to determine the influence of organic matter and soil texture on the action of QACs. A method for inhibiting the action of QACs was standardized and evaluated at 1,200 ppm with a contact time of ≤30 s while evaluating the soil-inoculum and soil-disinfectant interactions. In the soil-inoculum interaction, the efficacy of QACs was 100% in the reproductive and resistance structures of Foc R1 and TR4 without soil. However, in the soil-disinfectant interaction, only QAC4 controlled the pathogen at 100%. The presence of organic matter influenced the biocidal action of the QACs, and fine textures had a greater reducing effect on the concentration. The soil decreased the efficacy of the QACs and, therefore, must be removed from contaminated boots before treatments are applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Arango-Palacio
- Politécnico Colombiano Jaime Isaza Cadavid, Medellín-Antioquia 050022, Colombia
- Banana Research Center CENIBANANO-AUGURA, Carepa-Antioquia 057850, Colombia
| | | | | | | | | | - Luisa F Izquierdo-García
- Colombian Corporation for Agricultural Research, AGROSAVIA. C.I Tibaitatá, Cundinamarca 250047, Colombia
| | - Mónica Betancourt-Vásquez
- Colombian Corporation for Agricultural Research, AGROSAVIA. C.I Tibaitatá, Cundinamarca 250047, Colombia
| | - Sebastián Zapata-Henao
- Banana Research Center CENIBANANO-AUGURA, Carepa-Antioquia 057850, Colombia
- National University of Colombia, Campus Medellín, Medellin 050022, Colombia
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Li Y, Wei L, Lin J, Xie Z, Lu L, Pan X, Xu J, Cai R. Nonthermal plasma air disinfection for the inactivation of airborne microorganisms in an experimental chamber and indoor air. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae078. [PMID: 38520159 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Airborne transmission of diseases presents a serious threat to human health, so effective air disinfection technology to eliminate microorganisms in indoor air is very important. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a non-thermal plasma (NTP) air disinfector in both laboratory experiments and real environments. METHODS AND RESULTS An experimental chamber was artificially polluted with a bioaerosol containing bacteria or viruses. Additionally, classroom environments with and without people present were used in field tests. Airborne microbial and particle concentrations were quantified. A 3.0 log10 reduction in the initial load was achieved when a virus-containing aerosol was disinfected for 60 min and a bacteria-containing aerosol was disinfected for 90 min. In the field test, when no people were present in the room, NTP disinfection decreased the airborne microbial and particle concentrations (P < 0.05). When people were present in the room, their constant activity continuously contaminated the indoor air, but all airborne indicators decreased (P < 0.05) except for planktonic bacteria (P = 0.094). CONCLUSIONS NTP effectively inactivated microorganisms and particles in indoor air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Li
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Lanfen Wei
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Junming Lin
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Zhongyi Xie
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Longxi Lu
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Xieshang Pan
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Ji Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Ran Cai
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
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30
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Duggan K, Ijaz MK, McKinney J, Maillard JY. Reviewing the evidence of antimicrobial activity of glycols. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae071. [PMID: 38573833 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
In the 1940s and 1950s, researchers seeking safe and novel ways to eliminate airborne pathogens from enclosed spaces, investigated glycol vapours as a method of disinfection. More recently, the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for a non-toxic aerial disinfectant that can be used in the presence of people. This scoping review is intended to analyse the early and more recent literature on glycol disinfection, scrutinizing the methodologies used, and to determine if the use of glycols as modern-day disinfectants is justified PRISMA-ScR guidelines were used to assess the 749 articles retrieved from the Web of Science platform, with 46 articles retained after the search strategy was applied. Early studies generally demonstrated good disinfection capabilities against airborne bacteria and viruses, particularly with propylene glycol (PG) vapour. Vapour pressure, relative humidity, and glycol concentration were found to be important factors affecting the efficacy of glycol vapours. Contact times depended mainly on the glycol application method (i.e. aerosolization or liquid formulation), although information on how glycol efficacy is impacted by contact time is limited. Triethylene glycol (TEG) is deemed to have low toxicity, carcinogenicity, and mutagenicity and is registered for use in air sanitization and deodorization by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Glycols are also used in liquid formulations for their antimicrobial activity against a wide range of microorganisms, although when used as a non-active excipient in products, their contribution to antimicrobial efficacy is rarely assessed. The appropriate use of liquid glycol-containing formulations was found to positively impact the antimicrobial capabilities of disinfectants when used at temperatures <0, food preservatives, and dental medicaments. Providing modern delivery technology can accurately control environmental conditions, the use of aerosolized glycol formulations should lead to successful disinfection, aiding infection prevention, and control regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Duggan
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - M Khalid Ijaz
- Reckitt Benckiser LLC, Montvale, NJ 07645, United States
| | - Julie McKinney
- Reckitt Benckiser LLC, Montvale, NJ 07645, United States
| | - Jean-Yves Maillard
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, United Kingdom
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Fei P, Xu J, Xie J, Huang J, Feng H, Chen X, Jiang P, Guo M, Chang Y. Rosa roxburghii Tratt Pomace Crude Extract Inactivates Cronobacter sakazakii Isolated from Powdered Infant Formula. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2024; 21:268-274. [PMID: 38265446 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2023.0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cronobacter sakazakii is an important foodborne pathogen in powder infant formula (PIF). The objective of this study was to evaluate the inactivation effect of Rosa roxburghii Tratt pomace crude extract (RRPCE) on C. sakazakii isolated from PIF and to reveal the mechanism of action. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were used to evaluate the inhibitory activity of RRPCE against C. sakazakii. The inhibitory mechanism was revealed from the perspective of effects of RRPCE on intracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), membrane potential, protein and nucleic acid leakage, and cell morphology of C. sakazakii. The inactivation effects of RRPCE on C. sakazakii in biofilms on stainless steel, tinplate, glass, silica gel, polyethylene terephthalate, and polystyrene to evaluate its potential as a natural disinfectant. The results showed that the MIC and MBC of RRPCE against C. sakazakii were 7.5 and 15 mg/mL, respectively. After treatments with RRPCE, intracellular ATP content decreased significantly while intracellular ROS level increased significantly (p < 0.05). The cell membrane depolarization, large leakage of proteins and nucleic acids, and severely damaged cell morphology also occurred in C. sakazakii treated with RRPCE. In addition, a 20-minute treatment with 2 MIC (15 mg/mL) of RRPCE could inactivate all C. sakazakii (from 6.10 to 6.40 CFU/mL) in biofilms on all six contact surfaces. Our findings suggest that RRPCE is ideal for the inactivation of C. sakazakii and has the potential to be used as a natural disinfectant for the inactivation of PIF packaging materials and containers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Fei
- School of Zhang Zhongjing Health Care and Food, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, China
| | - Jing Xu
- School of Zhang Zhongjing Health Care and Food, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, China
| | - Jinlan Xie
- School of Zhang Zhongjing Health Care and Food, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, China
| | - Jicheng Huang
- School of Zhang Zhongjing Health Care and Food, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, China
| | - Hongxia Feng
- Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Integrated Agricultural Development Research, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Peiyi Jiang
- School of Zhang Zhongjing Health Care and Food, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, China
| | - Mingliang Guo
- School of Zhang Zhongjing Health Care and Food, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, China
| | - Yunhe Chang
- Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
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Karlsmose AK, Ivanova M, Kragh ML, Kjeldgaard JS, Otani S, Svendsen CA, Papić B, Zdovc I, Tasara T, Stephan R, Heir E, Langsrud S, Møretrø T, Dalgaard P, Fagerlund A, Hansen LT, Aarestrup FM, Leekitcharoenphon P. A novel metagenomic approach uncovers phage genes as markers for increased disinfectant tolerance in mixed Listeria monocytogenes communities. Infect Genet Evol 2024; 119:105582. [PMID: 38467173 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an important human pathogen with a high mortality rate. Consumption of contaminated ready-to-eat food is the main mode of transmission to humans. Disinfectant-tolerant L. monocytogenes have emerged, which are believed to have increased persistence potential. Elucidating the mechanisms of L. monocytogenes disinfectant tolerance has been the focus of previous studies using pure cultures. A limitation of such approach is the difficulty to identify strains with reduced susceptibility due to inter-strain variation and the need to screen large numbers of strains and genes. In this study, we applied a novel metagenomic approach to detect genes associated with disinfectant tolerance in mixed L. monocytogenes planktonic communities. Two communities, consisting of 71 and 80 isolates each, were treated with the food industry disinfectants benzalkonium chloride (BC, 1.75 mg/L) or peracetic acid (PAA, 38 mg/L). The communities were subjected to metagenomic sequencing and differences in individual gene abundances between biocide-free control communities and biocide-treated communities were determined. A significant increase in the abundance of Listeria phage-associated genes was observed in both communities after treatment, suggesting that prophage carriage could lead to an increased disinfectant tolerance in mixed L. monocytogenes planktonic communities. In contrast, a significant decrease in the abundance of a high-copy emrC-harbouring plasmid pLmN12-0935 was observed in both communities after treatment. In PAA-treated community, a putative ABC transporter previously found to be necessary for L. monocytogenes resistance to antimicrobial agents and virulence, was among the genes with the highest weight for differentiating treated from control samples. The undertaken metagenomic approach in this study can be applied to identify genes associated with increased tolerance to other antimicrobials in mixed bacterial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnete Kirstine Karlsmose
- Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mirena Ivanova
- Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Martin Laage Kragh
- Research Group for Food Microbiology and Hygiene, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jette Sejer Kjeldgaard
- Research Group for Global Capacity Building, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Saria Otani
- Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christina Aaby Svendsen
- Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Bojan Papić
- Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Irena Zdovc
- Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Taurai Tasara
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roger Stephan
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Even Heir
- Nofima - Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Solveig Langsrud
- Nofima - Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Trond Møretrø
- Nofima - Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Paw Dalgaard
- Research Group for Food Microbiology and Hygiene, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Annette Fagerlund
- Nofima - Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Lisbeth Truelstrup Hansen
- Research Group for Food Microbiology and Hygiene, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Frank M Aarestrup
- Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Pimlapas Leekitcharoenphon
- Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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Menezes KV, Duarte CEDS, Moreira MG, Moreno TDJC, Pereira VJDS, Ucella-Filho JGM, Otenio MH, Ignacchiti MDC, Resende JA. Enterobacteria in anaerobic digestion of dairy cattle wastewater: Assessing virulence and resistance for one health security. Water Res 2024; 252:121192. [PMID: 38309066 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Samples from a dairy cattle waste-fed anaerobic digester were collected across seasons to assess sanitary safety for biofertilizer use. Isolated enterobacteria (suggestive of Escherichia coli) were tested for susceptibility to biocides, antimicrobials, and biofilm-forming capability. Results revealed a decrease in total bacteria, coliforms, and enterobacteria in biofertilizer compared to the effluent. Among 488 isolates, 98.12 % exhibited high biofilm formation. Biofertilizer isolates exhibited a similar biofilm formation capability as effluent isolates in summer, but greater propensity in winter. Resistance to biocides and antimicrobials varied, with tetracycline resistance reaching 19 %. Of the isolates, 25 were multidrug-resistant (MDR), with 64 % resistant to three drugs. Positive correlations were observed between MDR and increased biofilm formation capacity in both samples, while there was negative correlation between MDR and increased biocide resistance. A higher number of MDR bacteria were found in biofertilizer compared to the effluent, revealing the persistence of E. coli resistance, posing challenges to food safety and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kássia Vidal Menezes
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Engineering - CCAE, Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, Alto Universitário, no number, Guararema, Alegre, ES 29500-000, Brazil
| | | | - Myleny Goularte Moreira
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, Alegre, ES 29500-000, Brazil
| | | | - Vitor José da Silva Pereira
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, Alegre, ES 29500-000, Brazil
| | - João Gilberto Meza Ucella-Filho
- Department of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, Jerônimo Monteiro, ES 29550-000, Brazil
| | | | | | - Juliana Alves Resende
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Engineering - CCAE, Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, Alto Universitário, no number, Guararema, Alegre, ES 29500-000, Brazil; Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, Alegre, ES 29500-000, Brazil.
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Hao Y, Qi Z, Ge Y, Pan T, Yu L, Li P. A redox-responsive macrocycle based on the crown ether C7Te for enhanced bacterial inhibition. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:2587-2593. [PMID: 38363549 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02791k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Due to increasing bacterial resistance to disinfectants, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic agents and strategies to effectively inhibit bacteria. Accordingly, we have designed and synthesized a novel crown ether known as C7Te, and its oxidized form C7TeO. These compounds have demonstrated antibacterial effectiveness against Gram-negative E. coli (BL21). Notably, C7Te has the capability to enhance the inhibition of E. coli and the prevention of biofilm formation by H2O2 through a redox response. It can also effectively disrupt preformed E. coli biofilms by penetrating biofilm barriers effectively. Additionally, computer modeling of the bacterial cell membrane using nanodiscs composed of phospholipids and encircled amphipathic proteins with helical belts has revealed that C7Te can insert into and interact with phospholipids and proteins. This interaction results in the disruption of the bacterial cell membrane leading to bacterial cell death. The utilization of redox-responsive crown ethers to augment the antibacterial capabilities of H2O2-based disinfectants represents a novel approach to supramolecular bacterial inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchong Hao
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Biological Optoelectronics and Healthcare Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Youyi West Road 127, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China.
| | - Zhenhui Qi
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Biological Optoelectronics and Healthcare Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Youyi West Road 127, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China.
| | - Yan Ge
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Biological Optoelectronics and Healthcare Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Youyi West Road 127, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China.
| | - Tiezheng Pan
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Biological Optoelectronics and Healthcare Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Youyi West Road 127, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China.
| | - Luofeng Yu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Peng Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
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35
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Ni B, Zhang TL, Cai TG, Xiang Q, Zhu D. Effects of heavy metal and disinfectant on antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factor genes in the plastisphere from diverse soil ecosystems. J Hazard Mater 2024; 465:133335. [PMID: 38142651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) are world-wide contaminants posing potential health risks. Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) and heavy metals can apply selective pressure on antibiotic resistance. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding their coupled effect on changes in ARGs and virulence factor genes (VFGs) in various soil types and their plastispheres. Herein, we conducted a microcosm experiment to explore the abundances and profiles of ARGs and VFGs in soil plastispheres from three distinct types of soils amended with Cu and disinfectants. The plastispheres enriched the ARGs' abundance compared to soils and stimulated the coupling effect of combined pollutants on promoting the abundances of ARGs and VFGs. Horizontal gene transfer inevitably accelerates the propagation of ARGs and VFGs in plastispheres under pollutant stress. In plastispheres, combined exposure to disinfectants and Cu increased some potential pathogens' relative abundances. Moreover, the combined effect of disinfectants and Cu on ARGs and VFGs changed with soil type in plastispheres, emphasising the necessity to incorporate soil type considerations into health risk assessments for ARGs and VFGs. Overall, this study highlights the high health risks of ARGs under the selective pressure of combined pollutants in plastispheres and provides valuable insights for future risk assessments related to antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang Ni
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Lun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Gui Cai
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, People's Republic of China.
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Byun KH, Han SH, Choi MW, Kim BH, Ha SD. Efficacy of disinfectant and bacteriophage mixture against planktonic and biofilm state of Listeria monocytogenes to control in the food industry. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 413:110587. [PMID: 38301541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Fresh produce and animal-based products contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes have been the main cause of listeriosis outbreaks for many years. The present investigation explored the potential of combination treatment of disinfectants with a bacteriophage cocktail to control L. monocytogenes contamination in the food industry. A mixture of 1 minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of disinfectants (sodium hypochlorite [NaOCl], hydrogen peroxide [H2O2], and lactic acid [LA]) and multiplicity of infection (MOI) 100 of phage cocktail was applied to both planktonic cells in vitro and already-formed biofilm cells on food contact materials (FCMs; polyethylene, polypropylene, and stainless steel) and foods (celery and chicken meat). All the combinations significantly lowered the population, biofilm-forming ability, and the expression of flaA, motB, hlyA, prfA, actA, and sigB genes of L. monocytogenes. Additionally, in the antibiofilm test, approximately 4 log CFU/cm2 was eradicated by 6 h treatment on FCMs, and 3 log CFU/g was eradicated within 3 days on celery. However, <2 log CFU/g was eradicated in chicken meat, and regrowth of L. monocytogenes was observed on foods after 5 days. The biofilm eradication efficacy of the combination treatment was proven through visualization using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal microscopy. In the SEM images, the unusual behavior of L. monocytogenes invading from the surface to the inside was observed after treating celery with NaOCl+P or H2O2 + P. These results suggested that combination of disinfectants (NaOCl, H2O2, and LA) with Listeria-specific phage cocktail can be employed in the food industry as a novel antimicrobial and antibiofilm approach, and further research of L. monocytogenes behavior after disinfection is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kye-Hwan Byun
- Technology Innovation Research Division, Hygienic Safety and Materials Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, South Korea; Department of Food Science and Technology, Advanced Food Safety Research Group, Chung-Ang University, Nae-ri, Daeduk-myun, Ansung, Kyunggido 17546, South Korea
| | - Sang Ha Han
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Advanced Food Safety Research Group, Chung-Ang University, Nae-ri, Daeduk-myun, Ansung, Kyunggido 17546, South Korea
| | - Min Woo Choi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Advanced Food Safety Research Group, Chung-Ang University, Nae-ri, Daeduk-myun, Ansung, Kyunggido 17546, South Korea
| | - Byoung-Hu Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Advanced Food Safety Research Group, Chung-Ang University, Nae-ri, Daeduk-myun, Ansung, Kyunggido 17546, South Korea
| | - Sang-Do Ha
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Advanced Food Safety Research Group, Chung-Ang University, Nae-ri, Daeduk-myun, Ansung, Kyunggido 17546, South Korea.
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Allende A, Férez-Rubio JA, Tudela JA, Aznar R, Gil MI, Sánchez G, Randazzo W. Human intestinal enteroids and predictive models validate the operational limits of sanitizers used for viral disinfection of vegetable process wash water. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 413:110601. [PMID: 38301540 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Vegetables are globally associated with a considerable number of foodborne outbreaks caused by viral infections, specifically human norovirus. In fresh produce industry, washing represents a critical step for food safety as process wash water (PWW) needs to be maintained at appropriate microbial quality to prevent water-mediated cross-contamination. This study aimed to explore the disinfection efficacy of chlorine (free chlorine, FC), chlorine dioxide (ClO2) and peracetic acid (PAA) in PWW against infectious human norovirus and Tulane virus (TV). First, we tested the extent of TV inactivation in baby leaf, bell pepper, and vegetables mix PWW and monitored the viral decay by cell culture. Then, inactivation kinetics were defined for infectious human norovirus exposed to FC, ClO2 and PAA in baby leaves PWW using the human intestinal enteroids (HIE) system. Finally, kinetic inactivation models were fitted to TV reduction and decay of sanitizers to aid the implementation of disinfection strategies. Results showed that >8 log10 human norovirus and 3.9 log10 TV were inactivated by 20 ppm FC within 1 min; and by 3 ppm ClO2 in 1 min (TV) or 5 min (norovirus). PAA treatment at 80 ppm reduced ca. 2 log10 TV but not completely inactivated the virus even after 20 min exposure, while 5 min treatment prevented norovirus replication in HIE. TV inactivation in PWWs was described using an exponential decay model. Taking these data together, we demonstrated the value of applying the HIE model to validate current operational limits for the most commonly used sanitizers. The inactivation kinetics for human norovirus and TV, along with the predictive model described in this study expand the current knowledge to implement post-harvest produce safety procedures in industry settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Allende
- Research Group on Microbiology and Quality of Fruits and Vegetables (MxQ), Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - José Antonio Férez-Rubio
- Research Group on Microbiology and Quality of Fruits and Vegetables (MxQ), Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Tudela
- Research Group on Microbiology and Quality of Fruits and Vegetables (MxQ), Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Rosa Aznar
- Department of Preservation and Food Safety Technologies, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, IATA-CSIC, Av. Agustín Escardino 7, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain; Department of Microbiology and Ecology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Gil
- Research Group on Microbiology and Quality of Fruits and Vegetables (MxQ), Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Gloria Sánchez
- Department of Preservation and Food Safety Technologies, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, IATA-CSIC, Av. Agustín Escardino 7, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain
| | - Walter Randazzo
- Department of Preservation and Food Safety Technologies, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, IATA-CSIC, Av. Agustín Escardino 7, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain.
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Sun H, Yan Z, Sun J, Zhang J, Wang H, Jiang X, Wang M, Zhang X, Xiao Y, Ji X, Tang J, Ren D. Polyhexamethylene guanidine accelerates the macrophage foamy formation mediated pulmonary fibrosis. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2024; 272:116084. [PMID: 38350217 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) is manufactured and applied extensively due to its superior disinfectant capabilities. However, the inhalatory exposure to PHMG aerosols is increasingly recognized as a potential instigator of pulmonary fibrosis, prompting an urgent call for elucidation of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Within this context, alveolar macrophages play a pivotal role in the primary immune defense in the respiratory tract. Dysregulated lipid metabolism within alveolar macrophages leads to the accumulation of foam cells, a process that is intimately linked with the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, this study examines PHMG's effects on alveolar macrophage foaminess and its underlying mechanisms. We conducted a 3-week inhalation exposure followed by a 3-week recovery period in C57BL/6 J mice using a whole-body exposure system equipped with a disinfection aerosol generator (WESDAG). The presence of lipid-laden alveolar macrophages and downregulation of pulmonary tissue lipid transport proteins ABCA1 and ABCG1 were observed in mice. In cell culture models involving lipid-loaded macrophages, we demonstrated that PHMG promotes foam cell formation by inhibiting lipid efflux in mouse alveolar macrophages. Furthermore, PHMG-induced foam cells were found to promote an increase in the release of TGF-β1, fibronectin deposition, and collagen remodeling. In vivo interventions were subsequently implemented on mice exposed to PHMG aerosols, aiming to restore macrophage lipid efflux function. Remarkably, this intervention demonstrated the potential to retard the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. In conclusion, this study underscores the pivotal role of macrophage foaming in the pathogenesis of PHMG disinfectants-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Moreover, it provides compelling evidence to suggest that the regulation of macrophage efflux function holds promise for mitigating the progression of pulmonary fibrosis, thereby offering novel insights into the mechanisms underlying inhaled PHMG disinfectants-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhijiao Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jiaxing Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xinmin Jiang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Mingyue Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xinglin Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yuting Xiao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xiaoya Ji
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jinglong Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Dunqiang Ren
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Subbaiyan R, Ganesan A, Dhanuskodi S. Scientific Investigation of Antifouling Activity from Biological Agents and Distribution of Marine Foulers-Coastal Areas of Tamil Nadu. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:1752-1766. [PMID: 37436546 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04600-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Biofouling is the result of a biological process that is the accumulation of micro- and macro-organisms on the surfaces of the ship which causes serious environmental problems. The consequence of biofouling includes modifying the hydrodynamic response, affecting heat exchange, can make structures heavier, accelerate or generating corrosion, biodegradation, increasing the fatigue of certain materials, and blocking mechanical functions. It causes severe problems for the objects in the water such as ships and buoys. Also, its impact on shellfish and other aquaculture was sometimes devastating. The main scope of this study is to review the currently available biocides from biological agents for marine submerged foulants and marine foulers that are present around the coastal areas of Tamil Nadu. Biological anti-fouling methods are preferred than that of the chemical and physical anti-fouling methods as it have some toxic effects on the non targeted marine biodiversity. This study focuses on the marine foulers that are present around the coastal areas of Tamil Nadu which will be helpful for the researchers to discover the suitable anti-foulers from a biological source, which will be very useful to protect the marine ecosystem and marine economy. A total of 182 antifouling compounds from marine biological sources were discovered. The marine microbes, Penicillium sp. and Pseudoalteromonas issachenkonii, were reported to possess EC50. The survey results obtained from this study show that Chennai coastal region has a lot of barnacles, and 8 different species were present in Pondicherry region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubavathi Subbaiyan
- Department of Biotechnology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, 637 215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ayyappadasan Ganesan
- Department of Biotechnology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, 637 215, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Saranya Dhanuskodi
- Department of Biotechnology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, 637 215, Tamil Nadu, India
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Rutala WA, Bolomey AC, Cadnum JL, Donskey CJ. Inactivation and/or physical removal of Candida auris from floors by detergent cleaner, disinfectants, microfiber, and ultraviolet C light (UV-C). Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2024; 45:390-392. [PMID: 37782038 DOI: 10.1017/ice.2023.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Contaminated surfaces may be a source of transmission for the globally emerging pathogen, Candida auris. Because floors may be a source of C. auris contamination on hands, strategies for inactivating or removing C. auris from floors were investigated. A sporicidal disinfectant and UV-C were most effective in inactivating C. auris on floors.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Rutala
- Statewide Program for Infection Control and Epidemiology, University of North Carolina School (UNC) of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Division of Infectious Diseases, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Austin C Bolomey
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jennifer L Cadnum
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Curtis J Donskey
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans' Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
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Guo M, Tian S, Wang W, Xie L, Xu H, Huang K. Biomimetic leaves with immobilized catalase for machine learning-enabled validating fresh produce sanitation processes. Food Res Int 2024; 179:114028. [PMID: 38342546 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Washing and sanitation are vital steps during the postharvest processing of fresh produce to reduce the microbial load on the produce surface. Although current process control and validation tools effectively predict sanitizer concentrations in wash water, they have significant limitations in assessing sanitizer effectiveness for reducing microbial counts on produce surfaces. These challenges highlight the urgent need to improve the validation of sanitation processes, especially considering the presence of dynamic organic contaminants and complex surface topographies. This study aims to provide the fresh produce industry with a novel, reliable, and highly accurate method for validating the sanitation efficacy on the produce surface. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of using a food-grade, catalase (CAT)-immobilized biomimetic leaf in combination with vibrational spectroscopy and machine learning to predict microbial inactivation on microgreen surfaces. This was tested using two sanitizers: sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The developed CAT-immobilized leaf-replicated PDMS (CAT@L-PDMS) effectively mimics the microscale topographies and bacterial distribution on the leaf surface. Alterations in the FTIR spectra of CAT@L-PDMS, following simulated sanitation processes, indicate chemical changes due to CAT oxidation induced by NaClO or H2O2 treatments, facilitating the subsequent machine learning modeling. Among the five algorithms tested, the competitive adaptive reweighted sampling partial least squares discriminant analysis (CARS-PLSDA) algorithm was the most effective for classifying the inactivation efficacy of E. coli on microgreen leaf surfaces. It predicted bacterial reduction on microgreen surfaces with 100% accuracy in both training and prediction sets for NaClO, and 95% in the training set and 86% in the prediction set for H2O2. This approach can improve the validation of fresh produce sanitation processes and pave the way for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyue Guo
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Shijie Tian
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Hangzhou), Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Lijuan Xie
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huirong Xu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Kang Huang
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
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Krause JD. Controlling Legionella pneumophila growth in hot water systems by reducing dissolved oxygen levels. J Occup Environ Hyg 2024; 21:259-269. [PMID: 38447033 DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2024.2313580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Legionella pneumophila, the leading cause of Legionnaires' disease in the United States, is found in lakes, ponds, and streams but poses a health risk when it grows in building water systems. The growth of L. pneumophila in hot water systems of healthcare facilities poses a significant risk to patients, staff, and visitors. Hospitals and long-term care facilities account for 76% of reported Legionnaires' disease cases with mortality rates of 25%. Controlling L. pneumophila growth in hot water systems serving healthcare and hospitality buildings is currently achieved primarily by adding oxidizing chemical disinfectants. Chemical oxidants generate disinfection byproducts and can accelerate corrosion of premise plumbing materials and equipment. Alternative control methods that do not generate hazardous disinfection byproducts or accelerate corrosion are needed. L. pneumophila is an obligate aerobe that cannot sustain cellular respiration, amplify, or remain culturable when dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations are too low (< 0.3 mg/L). An alternative method of controlling L. pneumophila growth by reducing DO levels in a hot water model system using a gas transfer membrane contactor was evaluated. A hot water model system was constructed and inoculated with L. pneumophila at DO concentrations above 0.5 mg/L. Once the model system was colonized, DO levels were incrementally reduced. Water samples were collected each week to evaluate the effect of reducing dissolved oxygen levels when all other conditions favored Legionella amplification. At DO concentrations below 0.3 mg/L, L. pneumophila concentrations were reduced by 1-log over 7 days. Under conditions in the hot water model system, at favorable temperatures and with no residual chlorine disinfectant, L. pneumophila concentrations were reduced by 1-log, indicating growth inhibition by reducing DO levels as the sole control measure. In sections of the model system where DO levels were not lowered L. pneumophila continued to grow. Reducing dissolved oxygen levels in hot water systems of healthcare and other large buildings to control L. pneumophila could also lower the risk of supplemental chemical treatment methods currently in use.
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Affiliation(s)
- J David Krause
- Healthcare Consulting and Contracting, Tallahassee, Florida
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Biasi A, Gionta M, Pisa F, Pizzuti M, Sortino A, Immesi A, Alt JR, Zampaglione I. Enhancement of microbicidal efficacy of chemical disinfectants when combined with ultrasound technology. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae043. [PMID: 38373840 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study investigated the antimicrobial efficacy of ultrasound technology (US) in combination with two different disinfectants (Disinfectant A and Disinfectant B), containing peracetic acid (PAA) and quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), respectively, against two sporigenic pathogens, Aspergillus brasiliensis and Bacillus subtilis. METHODS AND RESULTS The microbicidal activity of the coupled treatment was compared with the use of the disinfectants alone, and the efficacy of the disinfection strategies was evaluated by the log reduction of the population of the microorganism inoculated onto stainless-steel surface. The combination treatment resulted in a log reduction of 5.40 and 3.88 (Disinfectant A + US) against A. brasiliensis and B. subtilis, at 850 and 500 ppm PAA, compared to 265 and 122 (Disinfectant A only). For Disinfectant B, in combination with US, showed a logarithmic reduction of 5.04 and 4.79 against A. brasiliensis and B. subtilis at 078% v v-1 and 392% v v-1 QACs, respectively, vs. 1.58 and 1.64 (Disinfectant B only). Moreover, no colonies or not statistically significant growth was observed within the US bath containing the disinfectant. CONCLUSIONS The antimicrobial efficacy of the two disinfectants was greatly enhanced when used in combination with US, and this also makes it possible to avoid the overuse of chemicals for disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Biasi
- Cantel Medical Italy, a STERIS Company, Via Laurentina, 169, 00071 Pomezia, Italy
| | - Mirella Gionta
- Cantel Medical Italy, a STERIS Company, Via Laurentina, 169, 00071 Pomezia, Italy
| | - Federica Pisa
- Cantel Medical Italy, a STERIS Company, Via Laurentina, 169, 00071 Pomezia, Italy
| | - Maura Pizzuti
- Cantel Medical Italy, a STERIS Company, Via Laurentina, 169, 00071 Pomezia, Italy
| | - Andrea Sortino
- Cantel Medical Italy, a STERIS Company, Via Laurentina, 169, 00071 Pomezia, Italy
| | - Alessio Immesi
- Cantel Medical Italy, a STERIS Company, Via Laurentina, 169, 00071 Pomezia, Italy
| | - Jodi R Alt
- STERIS Corporation, 5960 Heisley Rd, Mentor, OH 44060, USA
| | - Imma Zampaglione
- Cantel Medical Italy, a STERIS Company, Via Laurentina, 169, 00071 Pomezia, Italy
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Kubo M, Eda R, Maehana S, Fuketa H, Shinkai N, Kawamura N, Kitasato H, Hanaki H. Virucidal efficacy of hypochlorous acid water for aqueous phase and atomization against SARS-CoV-2. J Water Health 2024; 22:601-611. [PMID: 38557574 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2024.348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious viral disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that emerged at the end of 2019. SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted through droplets, aerosols, and fomites. Disinfectants such as alcohol, quaternary ammonium salts, and chlorine-releasing agents, including hypochlorous acid, are used to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of ionless hypochlorous acid water (HOCl) in suspension and by spraying to inactivate SARS-CoV-2. The virucidal efficacy of HOCl solution in tests against SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated as 50% tissue culture infectious dose. Although the presence of organic compounds influenced the virucidal efficacy, HOCl treatment for 20 s was significantly effective to inactivate Wuhan and Delta strains in the suspension test. HOCl atomization for several hours significantly reduced the SARS-CoV-2 attached to plastic plates. These results indicate that HOCl solution with elimination containing NaCl and other ions may have high virucidal efficacy against SARS-CoV-2. This study provides important information about the virucidal efficacy and use of HOCl solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Kubo
- Department of Microbiology, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan; Department of Environmental Microbiology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan; Research Facility of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Design, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan E-mail:
| | - Ryotaro Eda
- Department of Microbiology, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan; Department of Environmental Microbiology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan; Research Facility of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Design, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Shotaro Maehana
- Department of Microbiology, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan; Department of Environmental Microbiology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan; Research Facility of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Design, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fuketa
- NIPRO Corporation, Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, 7-2 Minamisakae-cho Kasukabe, Saitama 344-0057, Japan
| | - Norihiro Shinkai
- NIPRO Corporation, Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, 7-2 Minamisakae-cho Kasukabe, Saitama 344-0057, Japan
| | - Naohisa Kawamura
- NIPRO Corporation, Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, 7-2 Minamisakae-cho Kasukabe, Saitama 344-0057, Japan
| | - Hidero Kitasato
- Department of Microbiology, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hanaki
- Infection Control Research Center, The Omura Satoshi Memorial Institution, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
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Chen X, Zhang C, Guo J, Huang X, Lv R, Quan X. Thermal and Chemical Inactivation of Bacillus Phage BM-P1. J Food Prot 2024; 87:100223. [PMID: 38242288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2024.100223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Bacillus spp. are often used as probiotics; however, they can be infected by phages, leading to significant economic losses. Biocidal and thermal treatments are considered rapid and effective methods for controlling microbial contamination. To prevent viral contamination in industrial dairy production, the impact of temperature and biocides on the viability of Bacillus methylotrophic phage BM-P1 was assessed. The results demonstrated that reconstituted skim milk (RSM) as a medium showed the most effective protective effect on phage BM-P1. Treatment at 90°C for 5 min or 72°C for 10 min inactivated it to nondetectable levels from the initial titer of 7.19 ± 0.11 log, regardless of the culture medium. Sodium hypochlorite exhibited the best inactivating effect, which could reduce the phage titer below the detection level in 4 min at 50 ppm. Additionally, treatment with 75% ethanol for 20 min or 50% isopropanol for 30 min could achieve inactivation to nondetectable levels. The inactivating effect of peracetic acid was limited; even when treated at the highest concentration (0.45%) for 60 min, only a 2.47 ± 0.17 log reduction was observed. This study may provide some theoretical basis and data support for establishing measures against Bacillus spp. phages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018, PR China; Collaborative Innovative Center of Ministry of Education for Lactic Acid Bacteria and Fermented Dairy Products, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018, PR China.
| | - Can Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018, PR China; Collaborative Innovative Center of Ministry of Education for Lactic Acid Bacteria and Fermented Dairy Products, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018, PR China
| | - Jing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018, PR China; Collaborative Innovative Center of Ministry of Education for Lactic Acid Bacteria and Fermented Dairy Products, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018, PR China
| | - Xuecheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018, PR China; Collaborative Innovative Center of Ministry of Education for Lactic Acid Bacteria and Fermented Dairy Products, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018, PR China
| | - Ruirui Lv
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018, PR China; Collaborative Innovative Center of Ministry of Education for Lactic Acid Bacteria and Fermented Dairy Products, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018, PR China
| | - Xingyu Quan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018, PR China; Collaborative Innovative Center of Ministry of Education for Lactic Acid Bacteria and Fermented Dairy Products, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018, PR China
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Soni SK, Marya T, Sharma A, Thakur B, Soni R. A systematic overview of metal nanoparticles as alternative disinfectants for emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:111. [PMID: 38372809 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03818-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Coronaviruses are a diverse family of viruses, and new strains can emerge. While the majority of coronavirus strains cause mild respiratory illnesses, a few are responsible for severe diseases such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, is an example of a coronavirus that has led to a pandemic. Coronaviruses can mutate over time, potentially leading to the emergence of new variants. Some of these variants may have increased transmissibility or resistance to existing vaccines and treatments. The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic in the recent past has sparked innovation in curbing virus spread, with sanitizers and disinfectants taking center stage. These essential tools hinder pathogen dissemination, especially for unvaccinated or rapidly mutating viruses. The World Health Organization supports the use of alcohol-based sanitizers and disinfectants globally against pandemics. However, there are ongoing concerns about their widespread usage and their potential impact on human health, animal well-being, and ecological equilibrium. In this ever-changing scenario, metal nanoparticles hold promise in combating a range of pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2, as well as other viruses such as norovirus, influenza, and HIV-1. This review explores their potential as non-alcoholic champions against SARS-CoV-2 and other pandemics of tomorrow. This extends beyond metal nanoparticles and advocates a balanced examination of pandemic control tools, exploring their strengths and weaknesses. The manuscript thus involves the evaluation of metal nanoparticle-based alternative approaches as hand sanitizers and disinfectants, providing a comprehensive perspective on this critical issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kumar Soni
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| | - Tripta Marya
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Apurav Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Bishakha Thakur
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Raman Soni
- Department of Biotechnology, DAV College, Chandigarh, 160011, India
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Bromberg L, Magariños B, Torres BS, Santos Y, Concheiro A, Hatton TA, Alvarez-Lorenzo C. Multifunctional polymeric guanidine and hydantoin halamines with broad biocidal activity. Int J Pharm 2024; 651:123779. [PMID: 38181993 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Prolonged and excessive use of biocides during the coronavirus disease era calls for incorporating new antiviral polymers that enhance the surface design and functionality for existing and potential future pandemics. Herein, we investigated previously unexplored polyamines with nucleophilic biguanide, guanidine, and hydantoin groups that all can be halogenated leading to high contents of oxidizing halogen that enables enhancement of the biocidal activity. Primary amino groups can be used to attach poly(N-vinylguanidine) (PVG) and poly(allylamine-co-4-aminopyridine-co-5-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)hydantoin) (PAH) as well as a broad-spectrum commercial biocide poly(hexamethylene biguanide) (PHMB) onto a solid support. Halogenation of polymer suspensions was conducted through in situ generation of excess hypobromous acid (HBrO) from bromine and sodium hydroxide or by sodium hypochlorite in aqueous solutions, resulting in N-halamines with high contents of active > N-Br or > N-Cl groups. The virucidal activity of the polymers against human respiratory coronavirus HCoV-229E increased dramatically with their halogenation. Brominated PHMB-Br showed activation activity value > 5 even at 1 mg/L, and complete virus inhibition was observed with either PHMB-Br or PAH-Br at 10 mg/mL. Brominated PVG-Br and PAH-Br possessed fungicidal activity against C. albicans, while PHMB was fungistatic. PHMB, PHMB-Br and PAH polymers demonstrated excellent bactericidal activity against the methicillin-resistant S. aureus and vancomycin-resistant E. faecium. Brominated polymers (PHMB-Br, PVG-Br, PAH-Br) were not toxic to the HeLa monolayers, indicating acceptable biocompatibility to cultured human cells. With these features, the N-halamine polymers of the present study are a worthwhile addition to the arsenal of biocides and are promising candidates for development of non-leaching coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lev Bromberg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Beatriz Magariños
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Facultad de Biología, CIBUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Beatriz S Torres
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Facultad de Biología, CIBUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ysabel Santos
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Research on Chemical and Biological Analysis (IAQBUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, I+D Farma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS), and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - T Alan Hatton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, I+D Farma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS), and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Lin Y, He Y, Sun Q, Ping Q, Huang M, Wang L, Li Y. Underlying the mechanisms of pathogen inactivation and regrowth in wastewater using peracetic acid-based disinfection processes: A critical review. J Hazard Mater 2024; 463:132868. [PMID: 37944231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Peracetic acid (PAA) disinfection is an emerging wastewater disinfection process. Its advantages include excellent pathogen inactivation performance and little generation of toxic and harmful disinfection byproducts. The objective of this review is to comprehensively analyze the experimental data and scientific information related to PAA-based disinfection processes. Kinetic models and modeling frameworks are discussed to provide effective tools to assess pathogen inactivation efficacy. Then, the efficacy of PAA-based disinfection processes for pathogen inactivation is summarized, and the inactivation mechanisms involved in disinfection and the interactions of PAA with conventional disinfection processes are elaborated. Subsequently, the risk of pathogen regrowth after PAA-based disinfection process is clearly discussed. Finally, to address ecological risks related to PAA-based disinfection, its impact on the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is also assessed. Among advanced PAA-based disinfection processes, ultraviolet/PAA is promising not only because it has practical application value but also because pathogen regrowth can be inhibited and ARGs transfer risk can be significantly reduced via this process. This review presents valuable and comprehensive information to provide an in-depth understanding of PAA as an alternative wastewater disinfection technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunpeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiya Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Ping
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Manhong Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
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Pereira D, Pinto M, Almeida JR, Correia-da-Silva M, Cidade H. The Role of Natural and Synthetic Flavonoids in the Prevention of Marine Biofouling. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:77. [PMID: 38393048 PMCID: PMC10889971 DOI: 10.3390/md22020077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Marine biofouling is a major concern for the maritime industry, environment, and human health. Biocides which are currently used in marine coatings to prevent this phenomenon are toxic to the marine environment, and therefore a search for antifoulants with environmentally safe properties is needed. A large number of scientific papers have been published showing natural and synthetic compounds with potential to prevent the attachment of macro- and microfouling marine organisms on submerged surfaces. Flavonoids are a class of compounds which are highly present in nature, including in marine organisms, and have been found in a wide range of biological activities. Some natural and synthetic flavonoids have been evaluated over the last few years for their potential to prevent the settlement and/or the growth of marine organisms on submerged structures, thereby preventing marine biofouling. This review compiles, for the first-time, natural flavonoids as well as their synthetic analogues with attributed antifouling activity against macrofouling and microfouling marine organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pereira
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Madalena Pinto
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Joana R. Almeida
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Marta Correia-da-Silva
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Honorina Cidade
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
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50
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Chaves RD, Kumazawa SH, Khaneghah AM, Alvarenga VO, Hungaro HM, Sant'Ana AS. Comparing the susceptibility to sanitizers, biofilm-forming ability, and biofilm resistance to quaternary ammonium and chlorine dioxide of 43 Salmonella enterica and Listeria monocytogenes strains. Food Microbiol 2024; 117:104380. [PMID: 37918997 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2023.104380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
This study determined the susceptibility to sanitizers and biofilm-forming ability on stainless steel of 43 Salmonella enterica and Listeria monocytogenes strains. Besides, the biofilm resistance to sanitizers of four bacterial pathogen strains was evaluated. Four sanitizers commonly used in the food industry were tested: peracetic acid (PAA), chlorine dioxide (ClO2), sodium hypochlorite (SH), and quaternary ammonium compound (QAC). The susceptibility to sanitizers varied widely among the strains of both pathogens. On the other hand, the number of biofilm-associated cells on the stainless-steel surface was >5 log CFU/cm2 for all of them. Only one Salmonella strain and two L. monocytogenes strains stood out as the least biofilm-forming. The resistance of biofilms to sanitizers also varied among strains of each pathogen. Biofilms of L. monocytogenes were more susceptible to the disinfection process with ClO2 and QAC than those of Salmonella. However, no correlation was observed between the ability to form denser biofilm and increased sanitizer resistance. In general, chlorine compounds were more effective than other sanitizers in inactivating planktonic cells and biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael D Chaves
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Samuel H Kumazawa
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Verônica O Alvarenga
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Department of Food, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Humberto M Hungaro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Anderson S Sant'Ana
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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