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Kim CS, Oh SH, Kim JW, Chang SO, Song BH, Lee JS, Lee DS, Kim SK. Cerebral cortical hypometabolic area in 18F-FDG positron emission tomography inversely relates to the duration of deafness in prelingually deaf patients. Adv Otorhinolaryngol 2002; 57:51-4. [PMID: 11892214 DOI: 10.1159/000059183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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302
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Cho EK, Park HY, Kim JW, Hah JH, Kim CS. Factors influencing speech perception abilities in cochlear-implanted children. Adv Otorhinolaryngol 2002; 57:145-7. [PMID: 11892130 DOI: 10.1159/000059223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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303
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Park HY, Cho EK, Kim JW, Ha JH, Kim CS. Reliable test conditions for the vowel-consonant confusion test in cochlear implantees. Adv Otorhinolaryngol 2002; 57:162-4. [PMID: 11892136 DOI: 10.1159/000059228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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304
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Chung HY, Kim HJ, Kim JW, Yu BP. The inflammation hypothesis of aging: molecular modulation by calorie restriction. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2002. [PMID: 11795524 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05662.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Current evidence strongly indicates that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are widely implicated in the inflammatory process. However, mechanistic information is not readily available on the extent to which ROS/RNS contributes to the proinflammatory states of the aging process. The involvement of the underlying inflammation during the aging process and the molecular delineation of anti-inflammatory action of calorie restriction (CR) is described. Age-related upregulations of NF-kappaB, IL-beta, IL-6, TNFalpha, cyclooxygenase-2, and inducible NO synthase are all attenuated by CR. The suppression of the NF-kappaB activation was accomplished by blocking the dissociation of inhibitory IkappaBalpha and IkappaBbeta by CR. These findings provide underlying molecular insights into the anti-inflammatory action of CR in relation to the aging process. Based on these and other available data, it is suggested that the "Inflammation Hypothesis of Aging" supports the molecular basis of the inflammatory process as a plausible cause of the aging process.
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305
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Lee KH, Kim E, Lee JS, Lee KS, Kim JW. Mapping of the interaction sites between apoptosis linked gene ALG-2 and HEED. Mol Cells 2001; 12:298-303. [PMID: 11804327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The apoptosis linked gene (ALG-2) is a 22 kDa Ca2+-binding protein of the penta EF-hand motif family. ALG-2 was discovered in a "death trap" assay using T-cell receptor-mediated apoptosis. Depletion of ALG-2 using an anti-sense ALG-2 construct inhibits apoptosis that is induced by several stimuli, such as staurosporin, dexamethason, Fas, and glucocorticoid. The Ca2+-dependent function of ALG-2 is consistent with the observation that the cytoplasmic Ca2+ level is elevated in apoptotic cells. We found that ALG-2 interacted specifically with the carboxy-terminal region of HEED using a yeast two-hybrid assay system. The mutants of HEED were constructed by deleting five WD repeat motifs one by one from the C-terminus of the protein. These mutants of ALG-2 were made by combining the EF hand Ca2+ binding motifs in various ways. Mapping of the interaction sites, using each of the mutants, revealed that the interaction between HEED and a third EF-hand motif of ALG-2 was stronger than the other combination.
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Moon AR, Oh GT, Kim JW, Choi YJ, Choe IS. Genomic DNA sequence and transcription factor binding sites of mouse ninjurin. DNA SEQUENCE : THE JOURNAL OF DNA SEQUENCING AND MAPPING 2001; 12:385-95. [PMID: 11913785 DOI: 10.3109/10425170109084463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The complete genomic DNA sequence of mouse ninjurin gene has been cloned and sequenced by screening a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library of mouse 129/SvJ genomic DNA. The mouse ninjurin gene comprises four exons and the translatable sequences are included in the first three exons. The putative promoter region of the mouse ninjurin gene lacks the consensus "CAAT" or "TATA" sequence. Nonetheless, it has demonstrated the promoter activity in transient transfection experiment using the construct containing putative promoter sequence of mouse ninjurin and reporter gene. The nucleotide sequence of the putative promoter region shows 83% homology with the corresponding DNA sequence of human ninjurin gene that had been previously reported, and reveals a high degree of conservation between the two species. Analysis of the DNA sequence identified the putative promoters and the binding sites for a variety of transcription factors of mouse ninjurin.
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Min YG, Choi BY, Kwon SK, Lee SS, Jung YH, Kim JW, Oh SJ. Multicenter study on the prevalence of perennial allergic rhinitis and allergy-associated disorders. J Korean Med Sci 2001; 16:697-701. [PMID: 11748347 PMCID: PMC3054803 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2001.16.6.697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Multicenter Study on the Prevalence of Perennial Allergic Rhinitis and Allergy-Associated Disorders This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) using the skin test, radioallergosorbent test (RAST), or multiple allergosorbent test (MAST) and to clarify the clinical aspects of the patients diagnosed as having PAR by the questionnaire survey and rhinologic examination. The 71,120 subjects who had visited the 23 otolaryngology clinics at the randomly selected tertiary referral hospitals in Korea between November 1, 1999 and April 30, 2000 were studied. PAR was diagnosed when subjects complained of two or more associated symptoms and the skin test, RAST, or MAST using perennial inhalant allergens was positive. The questionnaire survey and rhinologic examination were performed in subjects with PAR. The prevalence of PAR was 3.93%. We could find no significant difference in the prevalence of PAR between the two sexes. However, there was a significant difference in the prevalence of PAR between the child and adult groups. The chief complaints were, in order of decreasing frequency, nasal obstruction, watery rhinorrhea, and sneezing. There was a family history of PAR in 40.2% of the subjects. The 39.6% of the subjects had associated allergic diseases, being atopic dermatitis most common. In conclusion, the prevalence of PAR in tertiary referral hospitals in Korea is 3.93%. Many subjects with PAR have family history and appear to be associated with other allergic diseases.
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Lee HJ, Ha SJ, Han H, Kim JW. Distribution of HLA-A, B alleles and polymorphisms of TAP and LMP genes in Korean patients with atopic dermatitis. Clin Exp Allergy 2001; 31:1867-74. [PMID: 11737038 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.2001.01042.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis has been seen to result from multifactorial inheritance, with interaction between genetic and environmental factors. The genetic association may differ according to the ethnic backgrounds. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the genetic factors in Korean atopic dermatitis patients by studying the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class I association and polymorphisms of transporters associated with antigen presentation (TAP) and low-molecular-weight polypeptide (LMP) genes. METHODS HLA-A and B genotyping was performed in 53 atopic dermatitis patients and 184 healthy controls using the standard microlymphocytotoxicity technique. TAP1, TAP2, LMP2, and LMP7 gene polymorphisms were anaylzed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), PCR-amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS), and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). RESULTS Allele frequency of HLA-A24 was significantly increased in patients with atopic dermatitis compared to controls (P < 0.05). HLA-B alleles showed no differences in distribution between patients and controls. Genotype, phenotype, and allele frequencies of TAP1 gene also revealed no differences in distribution between patients and controls. Analysis of TAP2 gene polymorphisms showed increased frequencies of the TAP2*C allele and TAP2*A/TAP2*C genotype in atopic dermatitis patients compared to controls (P < 0.05). Distribution of LMP2 and LMP7 gene polymorphisms was similar for patients and controls. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates an association of atopic dermatitis with HLA-A24 and TAP2*C alleles in Korean patients. Discrepancy with the previous reports might be related to different patient characteristics and ethnic variations.
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309
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Chung WB, Hong SH, Kim JA, Sohn YK, Kim BW, Kim JW. Hypermethylation of tumor-related genes in genitourinary cancer cell lines. J Korean Med Sci 2001; 16:756-61. [PMID: 11748358 PMCID: PMC3054792 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2001.16.6.756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypermethylation of CpG island is a common mechanism for the inactivation of tumor-related genes. In the present study, we analyzed 13 genitourinary cancer cell lines for aberrant DNA methylation of 5 tumor-related genes using methylation- specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP). GSTP1 was methylated in 5 (38.5%), E-cadherin in 1 (8%), VHL in 1 (8%), and MGMT and hMLH1 in none (0%). Six out of thirteen genitourinary cancer cell lines had methylation of at least one of five genes; 5 had one gene methylated, and, 1 had two genes methylated. Methylation of these 5 genes was not detected in any of the bladder cancer cell lines. GSTP1 was methylated in all of the 3 prostate cancer cell lines. We conclude that aberrant hypermethylation may be an important mechanism for the inactivation of cancer-related genes in kidney and prostate cancer cell lines.
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310
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Kim JW, Kim EY, Park HH, Jung JE, Kim HD, Shin HJ, Lim WK. Homodimers of mutant tryptophan synthase alpha-subunits in Escherichia coli. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 289:568-72. [PMID: 11716512 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.6022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tryptophan synthase alpha-subunit from Escherichia coli functionally exists as a heterotetramer of alpha(2)beta(2) with beta-subunit. While wild-type and mutant (F139W, T24M/F139W, and T24L/F139W) alpha-subunits were expressed as a monomer from recombinant plasmids in Escherichia coli, T24A/F139W, T24S/F139W, and T24K/F139W mutant alpha-subunits were abnormally expressed as soluble homodimers in addition to monomers. Monomers of dimer-forming mutant alpha-subunits retain high affinity to beta-subunit, high activity in stimulating catalytic activities of beta-subunit, and nearly intact content of secondary structure, indicating that the global structures of these monomers are identical to that of F139W alpha-subunit. However, fluorescence spectra of Trp139 and ANS binding indicate that significant perturbations occur in the mutant proteins. Interestingly, these defective properties of monomers caused by residue replacement were partially repaired by the dimer formation. As a result, it is suggested that dimers may be formed by domain or loop swapping, and that residue 24 may play important role in maintaining on-pathway of alpha-subunit folding.
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311
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Kim TJ, Nguyen VD, Lee HS, Kim MJ, Cho HY, Kim YW, Moon TW, Park CS, Kim JW, Oh BH, Lee SB, Svensson B, Park KH. Modulation of the multisubstrate specificity of Thermus maltogenic amylase by truncation of the N-terminal domain and by a salt-induced shift of the monomer/dimer equilibrium. Biochemistry 2001; 40:14182-90. [PMID: 11714271 DOI: 10.1021/bi015531u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The relation between the quaternary structure and the substrate specificity of Thermus maltogenic amylase (ThMA) has been investigated. Sedimentation diffusion equilibrium ultracentrifugation and gel filtration analyses, in combination with the crystal structure determined recently, have demonstrated that ThMA existed in a monomer/dimer equilibrium. The truncation of ThMA by removing the N-terminal domain, which is composed of 124 amino acid residues, resulted in the complete monomerization of the enzyme (ThMADelta124) accompanied by a drastic decrease in the activity for beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) and a relatively smaller reduction of the activity for starch. Despite the overall low activity of ThMADelta124, the activity was higher toward starch than beta-CD, and the ratio of the specific activities toward these substrates was approximately 100 fold higher than that of wild-type ThMA. Furthermore, the addition of KCl to wild-type ThMA shifted the monomer/dimer equilibrium toward the monomer. In the presence of 1.0 M KCl, the relative activity of ThMA toward beta-CD decreased to 74%, while that for soluble starch increased to 194% compared to the activities in the absence of KCl. Thus, the ThMA monomer and dimer are both inferred to be enzymatically active but with a somewhat different substrate preference. Kinetic parameters of the wild-type and truncated enzymes also are in accordance with the changes in their specific activities. We thus provide evidence in support of a model, which shows that the relative multisubstrate specificity of ThMA is influenced by the monomer/dimer equilibrium of the enzyme.
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Kim JK, Yun W, Kim JW, Joo YU, Park JG. Extrahepatic portal vein tear with intraperitoneal hemorrhage during TIPS. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2001; 24:436-7. [PMID: 11907754 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-001-0051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Temporary occlusion with an angioplasty balloon can stop intraperitoneal bleeding.
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Lee HJ, Kim JW, Yim SV, Kim MJ, Kim SA, Kim YJ, Kim CJ, Chung JH. Fluoxetine enhances cell proliferation and prevents apoptosis in dentate gyrus of maternally separated rats. Mol Psychiatry 2001; 6:610, 725-8. [PMID: 11673802 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4000954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2000] [Revised: 04/12/2001] [Accepted: 04/18/2001] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The mother-infant relationship is an instinctive phenomenon, and loss of maternal care in early life influences neonatal development, behavior and physiologic responses.(1,2) Furthermore, the early loss may affect the vulnerability of the infant to neuropsychiatric disorders, such as childhood anxiety disorders, personality disorders and depression, over its lifespan.(3,4) Fluoxetine is prescribed worldwide for depression and is often used in the treatment of childhood mental problems related to maternal separation or loss of maternal care.(5,6) In the present study, fluoxetine was administrated to rats with maternal separation to determine its effects on neuronal development, in particular with respect to cell proliferation and apoptosis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Rat pups were separated from their mothers and socially isolated on postnatal day 14 and were treated with fluoxetine (5 mg kg(-1)) and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) (50 mg kg(-1)) for 7 days, after which immunohistochemistry and a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining were carried out. In the pups with maternal separation treated with fluoxetine, the number of BrdU-positive cells was significantly increased and that of TUNEL-positive cells was significantly decreased in the dentate gyrus compared to pups with maternal separation that did not receive fluoxetine treatment. These findings indicate that fluoxetine affects new cell proliferation and apoptosis, and we propose that fluoxetine may be useful in the treatment of maternal separation-related diseases.
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314
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Jung YS, Kim KS, Kim KD, Lim JS, Kim JW, Kim E. Apoptosis-linked gene 2 binds to the death domain of Fas and dissociates from Fas during Fas-mediated apoptosis in Jurkat cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 288:420-6. [PMID: 11606059 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis-linked gene 2 (ALG-2) is a member of the family of Ca(2+)-binding proteins with penta-EF-hand and is essential for the execution of apoptosis by various signals including Fas activation. We studied the regulation of ALG-2 during Fas-mediated apoptosis in Jurkat cells. The 22-kDa ALG-2 protein is cleaved and becomes a 19-kDa protein after Fas activation. The appearance of 19-kDa ALG-2 protein increases for 4 h after treatment with 200 ng/ml of anti-Fas Ab treatment and gradually degrades afterward. Confocal microscopic analysis showed that ALG-2 translocated from the plasma membrane to the cytosol during Fas-mediated apoptosis. Therefore, we examined if ALG-2 interacts with Fas. The protein-protein interaction of ALG-2 with Fas was demonstrated using yeast two-hybrid assays as well as in vitro GST pull-down assay. Endogenous ALG-2 was immunoprecipitated with anti-Fas Ab in Jurkat cells without Fas activation. However, the endogenous ALG-2 was no longer immunoprecipitated with anti-Fas Ab 2 h after anti-Fas Ab treatment. This study, for the first time, presents a direct molecular connection of ALG-2 to apoptosis by its direct interaction with Fas, and enlists ALG-2 as a new member of posttranslationally modified proteins during Fas-mediated apoptotic process.
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315
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Kim JW, Yoo YS, Lee JY, Lee JB, Hahn JW. Uncertainty analysis of absolute concentration measurement with continuous-wave cavity ringdown spectroscopy. APPLIED OPTICS 2001; 40:5509-5516. [PMID: 18364837 DOI: 10.1364/ao.40.005509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the uncertainty of concentration measurement using cavity ringdown spectroscopy, we analytically derived expressions for uncertainty for parameters, such as temperature, laser frequency, and ringdown time deviation, from the model equation. The uncertainties that are due to systematic errors in a practical cavity ringdown system were assessed through an experimental study of the PQ(35) transition in an A band of molecular oxygen. We found that, except for the line strength that is regarded as a reference value independent of the measurement, the laser frequency jitter is the largest uncertainty source in the system. Some practical requirements for minimizing the uncertainty in concentration measurements are discussed. We also demonstrated determination of the line strength of the PQ(35) transition line of oxygen to be 8.63(3) x 10(-27) cm(-1) with a relative uncertainty of less than 0.4%.
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Mousses S, Wagner U, Chen Y, Kim JW, Bubendorf L, Bittner M, Pretlow T, Elkahloun AG, Trepel JB, Kallioniemi OP. Failure of hormone therapy in prostate cancer involves systematic restoration of androgen responsive genes and activation of rapamycin sensitive signaling. Oncogene 2001; 20:6718-23. [PMID: 11709706 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1204889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2001] [Revised: 07/17/2001] [Accepted: 08/02/2001] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy for advanced prostate cancer is often effective, but not curative. Molecular pathways mediating the therapeutic response and those contributing to the subsequent hormone-refractory cell growth remain poorly understood. Here, cDNA microarray analysis of human CWR22 prostate cancer xenografts during the course of androgen deprivation therapy revealed distinct global gene expression profiles in primary, regressing and recurrent tumors. Elucidation of the genes involved in the transition between these states implicated specific molecular mechanisms in therapy failure and tumor progression. First, we identified a set of androgen-responsive genes whose expression decreased during the therapy response, but was then systematically restored in the recurrent tumors. In addition, altered expression of genes that encode known targets of rapamycin or that converge on the PI3K/AKT/FRAP pathway was observed in the recurrent tumors. Further suggestion for the involvement of these genes in hormone-refractory prostate cancer came from the observation that cells established from the recurrent xenografts were strongly inhibited in vitro by rapamycin. The results of this functional genomic analysis suggest that the combined effect of re-expression of androgen-responsive genes as well as the activation of rapamycin-sensitive signaling may drive prostate cancer progression, and contribute to the failure of androgen-deprivation therapy.
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Lee SH, Zhang W, Choi JJ, Cho YS, Oh SH, Kim JW, Hu L, Xu J, Liu J, Lee JH, Lee SH. Overexpression of the thymosin beta-10 gene in human ovarian cancer cells disrupts F-actin stress fiber and leads to apoptosis. Oncogene 2001; 20:6700-6. [PMID: 11709704 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1204683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2001] [Revised: 05/23/2001] [Accepted: 05/31/2001] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To understand the molecular changes during ovarian cancer development, we profiled differentially expressed genes in five paired normal and cancerous ovarian tissues. Among the genes that showed differential expression, thymosin beta-10 expression was decreased in four of five cancer tissues. The decreased level of expression was confirmed by Northern. To investigate the gene's functional role in ovarian cancers, we constructed an adenovirus vector expressing thymosin beta-10 and used it to infect ovarian cancer cell lines PA-I and SKOV3. The infected cells showed disrupted F-actin stress fibers, markedly decreased cell growth, and a high rate of apoptosis. Thus, because loss of thymosin beta-10 expression may contribute to the development of a subset of ovarian cancers, restoration of thymosin beta-10 expression may be a new strategy for ovarian cancer treatment.
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318
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Baek BS, Kim JW, Lee JH, Kwon HJ, Kim ND, Kang HS, Yoo MA, Yu BP, Chung HY. Age-related increase of brain cyclooxygenase activity and dietary modulation of oxidative status. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2001; 56:B426-31. [PMID: 11584027 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/56.10.b426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that inhibitors of cyclooxygenase (COX) attenuate various neuronal injuries and age-dependent demented conditions. From these findings, we proposed to test the effect of age on COX activity and its possible suppression by the antiaging action of dietary restriction in the rat brain. The status of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was also assessed to correlate with COX activity to delineate the underlying mechanism of the altered COX activity during aging. These results showed that COX activity significantly increased in 24-month-old rats compared with 6-month-old rats in an ad libitum group. Interestingly, mRNA and protein levels of COX-2 showed little corresponding age-related change. The formation of ROS was found to increase gradually with age in ad libitum fed rats. However, dietary restriction suppressed the increase at the age of 24 months. To substantiate the relationship between ROS and COX activity when the rats were 24 months of age, we conducted in vitro experiments with a C6 glioma cell line. Together, it is concluded that increased COX activity with age is due to the activation of COX catalytic reaction by ROS without increased gene expression of COX-2 and that it is related to the increased pro-oxidant status in aged rats.
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319
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Kim SY, Woo CW, Lee YM, Son BR, Kim JW, Chae HB, Youn SJ, Park SM. Genotyping CagA, VacA subtype, IceA1, and BabA of Helicobacter pylori isolates from Korean patients, and their association with gastroduodenal diseases. J Korean Med Sci 2001; 16:579-84. [PMID: 11641526 PMCID: PMC3057590 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2001.16.5.579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The genetic status of cagA, vacA subtype, iceA1, and babA, and the relationship to gastroduodenal diseases were assessed in Helicobacter pylori isolates in Korea. Seventy-six strains of H. pylori were isolated from the antrum and the corpus of 41 adult patients (22 with peptic ulcer and 19 with gastritis). The cagA, iceA1, and babA genes were assessed by polymerase chain reaction and the vacA subtypes were determined by reverse hybridization-line probe assay. The positive rates of 349-bp cagA, 208-bp cagA, iceA1, and babA genes were 97.4%, 96.1%, 84.2%, and 36.1%, respectively. The vacA s1a, s1b, s1c, and s2 variants were detected in 11.8%, 3.9%, 80.4%, and 1.3%, respectively. m1 (78.9%) is more prevalent than m2 (5.3%). The most common vacA genotype was s1c/m1 (61.9%), and 14 isolates (18.4%) contained mixed vacA genotypes from a single biopsy specimen. Twenty-one (60%) of 35 patients were infected with more than two strains of different cagA, iceA1, babA, and vacA genotypes. None of cagA, iceA1, babA, and vacA s1/m1 were associated with peptic ulcer. In conclusion, most H. pylori isolates in Korea carry cagA, iceA1, and vacA s1c/m1 genes, and reside with multiple strains. These genes do not correlate with the peptic ulcer in the Korean patients.
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Lee HJ, Ha SJ, Ha JH, Cho BK, Kim JW. Tinea cruris due to combined infections of Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum canis. A case report. Acta Derm Venereol 2001; 81:381. [PMID: 11800157 DOI: 10.1080/000155501317140214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Lee EH, Im CY, Kim JW. Ultrasound diagnosis of postpartum ovarian vein thrombosis: case report. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2001; 18:384-386. [PMID: 11779001 DOI: 10.1046/j.0960-7692.2001.00504.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Postpartum ultrasound investigation of a woman with unremitting fever and right flank pain after Cesarean section revealed an extensive thrombosis of the right ovarian vein which extended into the inferior vena cava. Computed tomography was required to substantiate the diagnosis. Medical treatment with intravenous urokinase and heparin and antibiotics was successfully performed. During the postpartum period, the possibility of ovarian vein thrombosis should be considered in febrile patients with abdominal pain who are not responding to antibiotics, and imaging studies such as ultrasound and computed tomography should be performed early for prompt diagnosis and therapy.
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Ryu KS, Lee YS, Kim BK, Park YG, Kim YW, Hur SY, Kim TE, Kim IK, Kim JW. Alterations of HLA class I and II antigen expression in preinvasive, invasive and metastatic cervical cancers. Exp Mol Med 2001; 33:136-44. [PMID: 11642549 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2001.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
HLA expression is altered in a large variety of human cancers. We performed immunohistochemical staining on tissues from normal, preinvasive, invasive and metastatic cervical cancer tissues using anti-HLA class I or class II antibody. In tissues from normal squamous epithelium, carcinoma in situ (CIS) and microinvasive carcinoma (MIC), the expressions of HLA-B, C heavy chains and class II heavy chain were significantly decreased as disease progressed. When the expression patterns were compared between primary and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) lesions, statistically significant down-regulation of HLA class I and class II antigen in metastatic lesions was observed. The rates of HLA-B, C heavy chains and class II heavy chain expressions were all significantly down-regulated compared to the down-regulation rate of class I beta2-microglobulin (beta2m) in invasive squamous lesions, and the expressions of class II heavy chain in metastatic lesions was decreased further than that in primary lesions. Unlike SCC, the degree of HLA class I and class II loss was not evident as disease progressed in early stage of adenocarcinoma. In invasive adenocarcinoma lesions, only the expression of HLA-B, C heavy chains was decreased and no differences were seen in HLA-B, C heavy chain expression patterns between primary and metastatic lesions. These results suggest that alterations of HLA class I and II expressions seem to occur at a particular step in cervical cancer development and depend on tissue types: when the tumor becomes invasive and starts to metastasize.
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Kim YW, Hur SY, Kim TE, Lee JM, Namkoong SE, Ki IK, Kim JW. Protein kinase C modulates telomerase activity in human cervical cancer cells. Exp Mol Med 2001; 33:156-63. [PMID: 11642552 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2001.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomerase, a ribonucleoprotein reverse transcriptase that extends telomeres of eukaryotic chromosomes is repressed in normal somatic cells but is activated during development and neoplasia. The regulation mechanism of telomerase activity in cancer cells is not clearly known. In this report, a possible affect of PKC on telomerase activity was examined using HeLa and CUMC-6 cervical cancer cell lines. Exposure of cells to PKC inhibitor, bisindolylmaleimide I and Gö6976, and high levels of PKC activator, 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) resulted in the inhibition of PKC activity in both cells. Telomerase activities were also inhibited by bisindolyl-maleimide I and Gö6976, respectively, in a time-dependent manner. As PKC activity changes in TPA-treated cervical cancer cells, telomerase activities were increased at low dose of TPA and decreased at high dose. The expression levels of human telomerase subunits, human telomerase RNA (hTR) were not influenced by PKC modulating drugs. In contrast, the expression of full-length human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) was decreased after exposure to bisindolylmaleimide I and Gö6976 in a time-dependent manner. hTERT expression was not affected by low dose of TPA. In contrast, high dose of TPA inhibited hTERT expression level. But the expression patterns of beta-deletion transcript of hTERT after 72 h of treatment with PKC inhibitors or high dose of TPA exposure were not discernable as compared with those of full-length hTERT transcripts to PKC modulating drugs. These results suggest that PKC-modulating drugs altered telomerase activities by affecting full-length hTERT expression profile in human cervical cancers.
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Sun CJ, Chow GM, Soo EW, Wang JP, Hwu YK, Cho TS, Je JH, Lee HH, Kim JW, Noh DY. Structural effects of Ti underlayer on CoCrPt magnetic films. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2001; 1:271-273. [PMID: 12914061 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2001.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The effects of long-range and short-range orders of Ti underlayer thickness on the magnetic properties of sputtered Co72 Cr21 Pt7 films were investigated using synchrotron X-ray scattering and X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy. The results were consistent with that of magnetic measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. For thin Ti underlayers (10 nm), the oxidation of Ti and significant mixing of other elements within this underlayer did not promote texture development, further resulting in poor texturing of magnetic films and undesirable magnetic properties. Increased crystallinity and texture of metallic Ti in thicker underlayers enhanced the magnetic peak alignment and its properties.
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325
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Kang SB, Roh JW, Kim JW, Park NH, Song YS, Lee HP. A comparison of the therapeutic efficacies of large loop excision of the transformation zone and hysterectomy for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia III. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2001; 11:387-91. [PMID: 11737470 DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1438.2001.01054.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The technique of large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) came into vogue in the 1990s, and has been widely used in place of cold knife conization for diagnosis and treatment. Although its therapeutic efficacy for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) has been confirmed and accepted in many countries, no direct comparison is available of the efficacies of LLETZ and hysterectomy for the treatment of CIN III, and unfortunately, hysterectomy is still widely used in many other countries. The aim of this analysis was to confirm the efficacy of LLETZ for the treatment of CIN III and to compare its results with those of hysterectomy. Between Jan. 1993 and Dec. 1997, 380 patients with CIN III were treated in the Seoul National University Hospital. We defined group I (n = 101) as those patients who underwent therapeutic LLETZ and follow-up only and group II (n = 279) as those patients who underwent hysterectomy following LLETZ. Three patients in groups I (3.0%) and II (1.1%) developed persistent/recurrent CIN or vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN). This result was not statistically significant. Group II contained more patients with positive resection margins and glandular extensions than group I (P < 0.05), and these factors might have been confounding variables. However, when parameters influencing the rate of treatment failure were compared, no significant differences were found by logistic regression analysis (P > 0.05). The results obtained show that the LLETZ is almost identical in terms of its therapeutic efficacy to hysterectomy and that it should be accepted as a standard treatment for CIN III.
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