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Abstract
PURPOSE We analyze the natural history of stone passage in patients with ureterolithiasis, and define factors predictive of spontaneous passage. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 75 patients with ureteral calculi were prospectively followed for stone passage. Clinical data included patient gender and age, stone size and location, pain medication requirements and interval to stone passage. Of the 75 patients 13 (17%) required intervention and 62 (83%) were followed until spontaneous stone passage. Stones requiring intervention were not included in the time to passage analysis. RESULTS Of the 75 patients 41 (55%) had ureteral stones 2 mm. or smaller with an average time to stone passage of 8.2 days and only 2 (4.8%) required intervention, 18 (24%) had stones between 2 and 4 mm. with an average time to stone passage of 12.2 days and 3 (17%) required intervention, and 16 had stones 4 mm. or greater with an average time to stone passage of 22.1 days and 8 required intervention. For 95% of stones to pass it took 31 days for those 2 mm, or less, 40 days for those 2 to 4 mm. and 39 days for those 4 to 6 mm. Multivariate analysis revealed that size, location and side were statistically related to stone passage interval (p = 0.012). Stones that were smaller, more distal and on the right side were more likely to pass spontaneously and required fewer interventions. CONCLUSIONS Interval to stone passage is highly variable and dependent on stone size, location and side. Degree of pain, and patient gender and age had no bearing on the time to stone passage. Of ureteral stones 95% 2 to 4 mm. pass spontaneously but passage may take as long as 40 days. Intervention may be required in 50% of ureteral calculi greater than 5 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- O F Miller
- Department of Urology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, California 92134-5000, USA
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52
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53
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54
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55
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Avery JK. The loser finally wins. J Ark Med Soc 1992; 88:446-7. [PMID: 1556058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J K Avery
- State Volunteer Mutual Insurance Company, Brentwood, Tennessee
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56
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fagelman
- Department of Urology, Good Samaritan Hospital, Suffern, New York
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57
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Schneiderman H, Willms J. More on pains cured by examination. West J Med 1985; 142:102. [PMID: 3976215 PMCID: PMC1305962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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58
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Abstract
A case of renal oncocytoma angiographically diagnosed and successfully treated by in situ tumorectomy under local hypothermia is presented.
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59
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Mogensen P. Strategy in clinical renography. Dan Med Bull 1979; 26:260-75. [PMID: 391503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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60
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Andren-Sandberg A, Isacson S. [Experiences in renography follow-up of ureteral calculi]. Lakartidningen 1978; 75:1918-20. [PMID: 651453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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61
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Zerner J. Ureteral calculus in pregnancy and the puerperium. J Maine Med Assoc 1975; 66:151-3. [PMID: 1141759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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62
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Abstract
Out of a group of 979 patients with urinary calculi, 175 had passed their stone(s). Comparison of data for stones which had been passed with data for the whole group shows many significant differences. Calculi composed entirely of calcium oxalate are more likely to be expelled than any other composition variety. The chance of this happening is 1 in 3 and it is even higher when the person is under 50 years of age. The probability of calculi composed of calcium oxalate+calcium phosphate being expelled is 1 in 5 and this also increases for younger patients. Infection stones consisting of calcium phosphate+struvite have only 1 in 19 chance of being passed. Many of the stones passed (130) are under 0.10 g in weight. However, there is a similar relationshp between composition and weight among both the stones that were passed and the whole group. In both groups, pure oxalate stones are the lightest, infection stones are the heaviest and stones composed of calcium phosphate and calcium phosphate+calcium oxalate are of intermediate weight.
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63
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Montinari M, Florio G, Mangieri C, Giangregorio F. [Clinico-statistical data on urinary calculosis in childhood. Observations on 179 cases]. Minerva Pediatr 1974; 26:1590-9. [PMID: 4422468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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64
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Sutor DJ, Wooley SE, MacKenzie KR, Wilson R, Scott R, Morgan HG. Urinary tract calculi--a comparison of chemical and crystallographic analyses. Br J Urol 1971; 43:149-53. [PMID: 5579472 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.1971.tb12017.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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65
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Starzl TE, Groth CG, Putnam CW, Penn I, Halgrimson CG, Flatmark A, Gecelter L, Brettschneider L, Stonington OG. Urological complications in 216 human recipients of renal transplants. Ann Surg 1970; 172:1-22. [PMID: 4913057 PMCID: PMC1397076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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66
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Bruézière J. [Malformations of the pyelo-ureteral junction in childhood. Etiopathogenic survey and therapeutic results. Apropos of 100 cases]. Ann Urol (Paris) 1969; 3:143-51. [PMID: 5357404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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68
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Tokuhara M, Nishio T, Mori Y. [Ectopic ureteral opening into seminal vesicle: Report of a case]. Hinyokika Kiyo 1969; 15:620-5. [PMID: 5388720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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69
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Royer P, David L. [Phosphocalcic, multiple and non-recurrent urinary lithiasis in the newborn infant, with psychomotor retardation and hip abnormalities]. Arch Fr Pediatr 1969; 26:605-620. [PMID: 5802056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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70
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Said BM. [Multiple calculi of the kidney and ureter]. Urol Nefrol (Mosk) 1969; 34:64-5. [PMID: 5367694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Mizumoto R, Fukuchi S, Yoshida K, Takimoto S, Nakai Y. [Two cases of urolithiasis in childhood]. Hinyokika Kiyo 1969; 15:291-6. [PMID: 5816781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Gibba A. [Clinico-statistical consideration on urinary calculosis in the elderly]. G Gerontol 1969; 17:133-58. [PMID: 5795867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Jakes F, Zvara V, Reznícek J. [Ureter fissus caudalis with ectopic projection into the ampulla of the ductus deferens in the male]. BRATISL MED J 1969; 51:238-41. [PMID: 5779180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Napoli D, Cavara G. [Giant urinary calculosis of the pelvis minor with ureteral and vesical localization]. Quad Radiol 1969; 34:77-88. [PMID: 5787969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Hironaka H, Sakatoku J, Kiriyama T, Fukuda K. [Milk of calcium renal stone in a calyceal diverticulum: report of a case and review of the literature]. Hinyokika Kiyo 1968; 14:571-5. [PMID: 5750157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Lonsdale DK, Sutor DJ, Wooley SE. Composition of urinary calculi by x-ray diffraction. Collected data from various localities. II. Czechoslovakia. Br J Urol 1968; 40:402-11. [PMID: 5678161 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.1968.tb11822.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Hauge A, Nagel R. [Dissolution of phosphate calculi by oral medication]. Urologe A 1968; 7:52-5. [PMID: 5667554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Chaloupka J. [Urethrolithiasis]. Cesk Radiol 1968; 22:62-66. [PMID: 5684367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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79
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Ballanger R. [Reno-ureteral lithiasis in children]. J Med Bord 1967; 144:469-475. [PMID: 5609721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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Lennert KA. [Urolithiasis in childhood. Report on 40 cases]. Bruns Beitr Klin Chir (1971) 1967; 214:157-67. [PMID: 5587764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Jaycock VL. Removal of ureteric and vesical calculi. Nurs Mirror Midwives J 1966; 123:204-5. [PMID: 5179297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Milani C, Cavaleri E. [Calculosis of the the intramural ureter]. Arch Ital Urol 1966; 39:17-39. [PMID: 5995440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Shakirov MS, Sattarov RK. [A gigantic concretion in the ureter of a child]. Vestn Khir Im I I Grek 1966; 96:136. [PMID: 5998633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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LLOYD JW, CARRIE LE. A METHOD OF TREATING RENAL COLIC. Proc R Soc Med 1965; 58:634. [PMID: 14341854 PMCID: PMC1898800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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Calafati F, Russo A. [On some particular aspects of ureteral calculosis]. Minerva Urol 1965; 17:179-86. [PMID: 5836314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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BANCHIERI RF, CASCIOLA F. [URETERAL CALCULOSIS AS A CAUSE OF ANURIA IN THE SINGLE KIDNEY]. Arch Ital Sci Med Trop Parassitol 1965; 46:248-50. [PMID: 14345870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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METCALFE-GIBSON A, MCCALLUM FM, MORRISON RB, WRONG O. URINARY EXCRETION OF HYDROGEN ION IN PATIENTS WITH URIC ACID CALCULI. Clin Sci (Lond) 1965; 28:325-42. [PMID: 14277299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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PHOKITIS P. [A RARE CASE OF PROSTATIC CALCULI]. J Urol Nephrol (Paris) 1965; 71:189-91. [PMID: 14311106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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MACGREGOR ME. SOLUTION OF CYSTINE STONES BY NON-SURGICAL MEANS. Proc R Soc Med 1965; 58:124-5. [PMID: 14262015 PMCID: PMC1898314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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SUNSERI S, SERAFINI F, D ORLANDO C. [ URETERAL CALCULI WITH PARTICULAR ATTENTION TO INTRAMURAL CALCULUS AND TO ITS ENDOSCOPIC TREATMENT]. Gazz Int Med Chir 1965; 69:5-19. [PMID: 14304163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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GAUSARULL P, TORRECILLAGOMEZ N. [GIANT URETERAL LITHIASIS]. ARCH ESP UROL 1965; 18:27-31. [PMID: 14300703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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MERENYI I, WERMER T. [CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS IN 503 CASES OF URETHRAL CALCULI]. Z Urol 1965; 58:15-23. [PMID: 14313139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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