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Jones SM, Weinstein JM, Cumberland P, Klein N, Nischal KK. Visual outcome and corneal changes in children with chronic blepharokeratoconjunctivitis. Ophthalmology 2007; 114:2271-80. [PMID: 18054641 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2007.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2006] [Revised: 01/26/2007] [Accepted: 01/26/2007] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the cause, management, and effect of chronic blepharokeratoconjunctivitis (BKC) on the cornea and visual function in children. DESIGN Noncomparative, interventional, retrospective case series. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-seven children with BKC. METHODS Presenting age, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refractive error, and any corneal or eyelid pathologic features were recorded. Treatment included modified lid hygiene, topical antibiotics, and steroids. Systemic therapy included oral antibiotics and, from 2003 onward, flaxseed oil as an alternative to long-term antibiotics. Amblyopia therapy included refractive correction, occlusion, or atropine therapy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Corneal and eyelid status, visual acuity (VA), and refractive error at final examination. RESULTS Mean age at presentation was 6.9 years (range, 7 months-15.9 years), and mean follow-up was 2.3 years (range, 5 months-6.1 years). All patients had discomfort, conjunctival injection, and signs of posterior blepharitis at presentation. Photophobia was reported in 14 patients (52%), whereas anterior eyelid inflammation was noted in 6 (22%). Acne rosacea was confirmed in 3 patients (11%). Corneal involvement occurred in 44 eyes (81%), and a history of recurrent chalazia was seen in 18 patients (67%). Median monocular BCVAs in affected eyes were 0.28 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) units (interquartile range [IqR], 0.02-0.40) at presentation and 0.02 logMAR units (IqR, 0.00-0.18) at last visit. Best-corrected VA improved in 70% of affected eyes and remained unchanged in 30%. Superimposed amblyopia was present and treated in 15 patients (48%). All 8 patients (20%) who failed to achieve VA of 0.2 logMAR units or better at the final examination had bilateral corneal involvement at presentation. One child experienced a systemic side effect from oral antibiotics. No child had significant side effects from topical treatment. Twelve patients (44%) received flaxseed oil as part of their tapering regimen. A 2-year lag between symptom onset and treatment resulted, on average, in a reduction of 0.06 logMAR units of VA (95% confidence interval, 0.00-0.12; P = 0.054). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that visual loss may be significant in BKC and that delayed treatment may result in decreased final BCVA. Adequate management needs both topical and systemic treatment. Flaxseed oil may be an effective antiinflammatory nutritional therapy alternative to long-term antibiotics.
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Kingston R, Burke F, Robinson JH, Bedford PA, Jones SM, Knight SC, Williamson ED. The fraction 1 and V protein antigens of Yersinia pestis activate dendritic cells to induce primary T cell responses. Clin Exp Immunol 2007; 149:561-9. [PMID: 17645768 PMCID: PMC2219336 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2007.03452.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2007] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The F1 and V antigens of Yersinia pestis, despite acting as virulence factors secreted by the organism during infection, also combine to produce an effective recombinant vaccine against plague, currently in clinical trial. The protective mechanisms induced by rF1 + rV probably involve interactions with dendritic cells (DC) as antigen uptake, processing and presenting cells. To study such interactions, naive ex vivo DC from bone marrow, spleen and lymph node were cultured with rF1, rV or combined antigens and demonstrated to secrete interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-12 into the culture supernatant. Cytokine production in response to pulsing was dependent on the maturity of the bone marrow-derived DC culture, so that pulsed 8-day-old cultures had accumulated significantly more intracellular IL-4 and IL-12 than unpulsed cells. DC, pulsed with rF1 + rV for 2-24 h, were able to prime naive autologous lymph node T cells to proliferate in an antigen dose-dependent manner, with an order of potency of 3d bone marrow-derived DC (BMDC) > 7d BMDC > splenic DC. Significantly, cell-free supernatants from rF1 + rV-pulsed BMDC and splenic DC were also able to induce specific primary responses effectively in naive T cells, suggesting that these supernatants contained stimulatory factor(s). This study suggests an important role for DC, or factors secreted by them, in the induction of protective immunity to plague by the rF1 and rV antigens.
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Williamson ED, Stagg AJ, Eley SM, Taylor R, Green M, Jones SM, Titball RW. Kinetics of the immune response to the (F1+V) vaccine in models of bubonic and pneumonic plague. Vaccine 2007; 25:1142-8. [PMID: 17101198 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2006] [Revised: 09/07/2006] [Accepted: 09/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Protection against aerosol challenge with > 300 MLD of Yersinia pestis was observed 7 days after a single immunisation of mice with the F1+V vaccine. At day 60, mice were protected against injected challenge (10(7)MLD) in a vaccine dose-related manner. Recall responses to rV in splenocytes ex vivo at day 98 correlated significantly (p<0.001) with the immunising dose-level of V antigen; no memory response or anti-V serum IgG was detected in killed whole cell vaccine (KWCV) recipients. This may explain the susceptibility of KWCV recipients to aerosol challenge and the enhanced protection conferred by the F1+V sub-unit vaccine, particularly since the anti-F1 responses induced by either vaccine were similarly IgG1-polarised.
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Pincus SE, Jones SM, Bradley TA, Dunne J, Wang Q, Honnen WJ, Kunert R, Pinter A. A novel dual antibody conjugate (Heteropolymer) reduces circulating HIV in a mouse model. Retrovirology 2006. [PMCID: PMC1716900 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-s1-p76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Stickler DJ, Jones SM, Adusei GO, Waters MG. A sensor to detect the early stages in the development of crystalline Proteus mirabilis biofilm on indwelling bladder catheters. J Clin Microbiol 2006; 44:1540-2. [PMID: 16597888 PMCID: PMC1448647 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.44.4.1540-1542.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple sensor has been developed to detect the early stages of urinary catheter encrustation and avoid the clinical crises induced by catheter blockage. In laboratory models of colonization by Proteus mirabilis, the sensor signaled encrustation at an average time of 43 h before catheters were blocked with crystalline biofilm.
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Goyal R, Jones SM, Espinosa M, Green V, Nischal KK. Amniotic membrane transplantation in children with symblepharon and massive pannus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 124:1435-40. [PMID: 17030711 DOI: 10.1001/archopht.124.10.1435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report our pediatric experience with amniotic membrane transplantation for ocular surface and forniceal reconstruction. METHODS Retrospective case review of children who underwent superficial keratectomy, symblepharon lysis, and forniceal reconstruction using amniotic membrane transplantation. The underlying diagnosis, visual acuity, level of discomfort at first and last visits, and surgical details were noted. RESULTS Four patients (5 eyes) were included. Two patients had epidermolysis bullosa (1 recessive dystrophic and 1 junctional), 1 had laryngo-onychocutaneous syndrome, and 1 had measles-related keratitis and was positive for human immunodeficiency virus. Their mean age when initially seen was 8.7 years (age range, 4-16 years), and mean follow-up was 18.25 months (range, 12-29 months). The mean visual acuity preoperatively was 1.1 logMAR (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) (range, 1-1.3), and postoperatively was 0.7 (range, 0.2-1.2). All patients experienced increased ocular comfort with anatomical restoration of corneal and conjunctival surfaces. Visual acuity improved in 3 eyes. Only the patient with laryngo-onychocutaneous syndrome had recurrence of granuloma, at 9 months after surgery. CONCLUSION Amniotic membrane transplantation with symblepharon lysis is effective for ocular surface reconstruction in the management of epidermolysis bullosa and other conditions that cause corneal scarring and symblepharon in children. In this small series, children with epidermolysis bullosa fared better and the effects of surgery lasted longer compared with patients with other causes of symblepharon and massive pannus.
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Goldstein R, Bright J, Jones SM, Niven RM. Severe vocal cord dysfunction resistant to all current therapeutic interventions. Respir Med 2006; 101:857-8. [PMID: 17029770 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2006.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2006] [Accepted: 08/14/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) is characterised by paradoxical vocal cord adduction during inspiration or throughout the respiratory cycle, it results in wheeze, stridor, cough and dyspnoea. Although asthma and VCD can coexist, patients with VCD are frequently misdiagnosed with refractory asthma. It can severely restrict an individual's level of activity and effective therapeutic control can be difficult to achieve. We report the case of a patient who was treated with all available therapeutic interventions, including intralaryngeal botulinum toxin injection, but failure resulted in a permanent trachesotomy.
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Jones SM, Carding PN, Drinnan MJ. Exploring the relationship between severity of dysphonia and voice-related quality of life. Clin Otolaryngol 2006; 31:411-7. [PMID: 17014451 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-4486.2006.01291.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore whether severity and/or consistency of dysphonia are linked to voice-related quality of life. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Specialist voice clinics, University Teaching Hospital. PARTICIPANTS Sixty adult patients attending with a primary complaint of dysphonia. Exclusion criteria were those below 16 years of age, transexual patients and those with a persistent dysphonia of >2 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Voice-related quality of life as assessed by VoiSS. EXPLANATORY FACTORS: Severity of dysphonia as judged by perceptual ratings of voice (GRBAS); a visual analogue scale to judge best, worst and today's voice. RESULTS There was a highly significant correlation between perceptual dysphonia severity as assessed by GRBAS and the total, impairment and emotional subsets of the VoiSS questionnaire (r from 0.48 to 0.64). There was a similar and highly significant correlation between best, worst and today's self-rated voice and the total, impairment and emotional subsets of the VoiSS questionnaire (r from -0.40 to -0.60). However, none of the self-rated parameters was demonstrably better at explaining the effect on quality of life. CONCLUSIONS An increasingly negative effect on quality of life appears to be associated with an increase in the severity of dysphonia. Further research on the role of quality of life measures in the assessment and treatment of dysphonia would be of value.
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Abstract
Better care for patients and improved health care depends on the availability of good information which is accessible when and where it is needed. The development of technology, more specifically the Internet, has expanded the means whereby information can be acquired and transmitted over large distances enabling the concept of telemedicine to become a reality. Telemedicine, defined as the practise of medicine at a distance, encompasses diagnosis, education and treatment. It is a technology that many thought would expand rapidly and change the face of medicine. However, this has not happened and during the last decade although certain telemedicine applications, such as video-consulting and teleradiology, have matured to become essential health care services in some countries, others, such as telepathology, remain the subject of intensive research effort. Telemedicine can be used in almost any medical specialty although the specialties best suited are those with a high visual component. Wound healing and wound management is thus a prime candidate for telemedicine. Development of a suitable telemedical system in this field could have a significant effect on wound care in the community, tertiary referral patterns and hospital admission rates.
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Jones SM, Banwell PE, Shakespeare PG. Advances in wound healing: topical negative pressure therapy. Postgrad Med J 2005; 81:353-7. [PMID: 15937199 PMCID: PMC1743292 DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.2004.026351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In clinical practice many wounds are slow to heal and difficult to manage. The recently introduced technique of topical negative pressure therapy (TNP) has been developed to try to overcome some of these difficulties. TNP applies a controlled negative pressure to the surface of a wound that has potential advantages for wound treatment and management. Although the concept itself, of using suction in wound management is not new, the technique of applying a negative pressure at the surface of the wound is. This paper explores the origins and proposed mechanisms of action of TNP therapy and discusses the types of wounds that are thought to benefit most from use of this system.
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Williamson ED, Flick-Smith HC, Lebutt C, Rowland CA, Jones SM, Waters EL, Gwyther RJ, Miller J, Packer PJ, Irving M. Human immune response to a plague vaccine comprising recombinant F1 and V antigens. Infect Immun 2005; 73:3598-608. [PMID: 15908389 PMCID: PMC1111881 DOI: 10.1128/iai.73.6.3598-3608.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2004] [Revised: 01/07/2005] [Accepted: 01/28/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The human immune response to a new recombinant plague vaccine, comprising recombinant F1 (rF1) and rV antigens, has been assessed during a phase 1 safety and immunogenicity trial in healthy volunteers. All the subjects produced specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) in serum after the priming dose, which peaked in value after the booster dose (day 21), with the exception of one individual in the lowest dose level group, who responded to rF1 only. Three subjects, found to have an anti-rV titer at screening, were excluded from the overall analysis. Human antibody functionality has been assessed by quantification of antibody competing for binding to rV in vitro and also by the transfer of protective immunity in human serum into the naive mouse. Human and macaque IgG competed for binding to rV in vitro with a mouse monoclonal antibody, previously shown to protect mice against challenge with plague, suggesting that this protective B-cell epitope on rV is conserved between these three species. Total IgG to rV in individuals and the titer of IgG competing for binding to rV correlated significantly at days 21 (r = 0.72; P < 0.001) and 28 (r = 0.82; P < 0.001). Passive transfer of protective immunity into mice also correlated significantly with total IgG titer to rF1 plus rV at days 21 (r(2) = 98.6%; P < 0.001) and 28 (r(2) = 76.8%; P < 0.03). However, no significant vaccination-related change in activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was detected at any time. Potential serological immune correlates of protection have been investigated, but no trends specific to vaccination could be detected in cellular markers.
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Repik A, Pincus SE, Ghiran I, Nicholson-Weller A, Asher DR, Cerny AM, Casey LS, Jones SM, Jones SN, Mohamed N, Klickstein LB, Spitalny G, Finberg RW. A transgenic mouse model for studying the clearance of blood-borne pathogens via human complement receptor 1 (CR1). Clin Exp Immunol 2005; 140:230-40. [PMID: 15807846 PMCID: PMC1809366 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02764.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Complement receptor 1 (CR1) on the surface of human erythrocytes facilitates intravascular clearance of complement-opsonized pathogens. The need for complement activation can be circumvented by directly coupling the organism to CR1 using a bispecific monoclonal antibody heteropolymer (HP). Lack of a functional homologue to CR1 on mouse erythrocytes has made it difficult to study HP-dependent clearance of pathogens in small animals. We have developed a transgenic mouse that expresses human CR1 on erythrocytes. CR1 antigen is of appropriate size and in a clustered distribution as confirmed by immunoblotting and fluorescence microscopy, respectively. HP that immobilized bacteriophage PhiX174 prototype pathogen to erythrocyte CR1 of the transgenic mice increased the rate of clearance of the virus compared with HP that bound bacteriophage, but not CR1. This transgenic mouse model will allow evaluation of different HPs for their in vivo efficacy and potential as human therapeutics.
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Fuller PM, Jones TA, Jones SM, Fuller CA. Evidence for macular gravity receptor modulation of hypothalamic, limbic and autonomic nuclei. Neuroscience 2005; 129:461-71. [PMID: 15501603 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2004] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mice lacking normal vestibular gravity reception show altered homeostatic, circadian and autonomic responses to hypergravity (+G) exposure. Using c-Fos as a marker of neuronal activation, the current study identifies CNS nuclei that may be critical for initiating and integrating such responses to changes in vestibular signaling. This experiment utilized the mutant C57BL/6JEi-het mouse (het), which lacks macular otoconia and thus gravity receptor function. Following 2 h of 2G (2x Earth's gravity) exposure (via centrifugation) the neuronal responses of the het mice were compared with wildtype mice similarly exposed to 2G, as well as het and wildtype 1G controls. Wildtype mice exposed to 2G demonstrated robust c-Fos expression in multiple autonomic, hypothalamic and limbic nuclei, including: the lateral septum, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, amygdala, paraventricular hypothalamus, dorsomedial hypothalamus, arcuate, suprachiasmatic hypothalamus, intergeniculate leaflet, dorsal raphe, parabrachial and locus coeruleus. The het mice exposed to 2G demonstrated little to null c-Fos expression in these nuclei with a few exceptions and, in general, a similar pattern of c-Fos to 1G controls. Data from this study further support the existence of a complex and extensive influence of the neurovestibular system on homeostatic, circadian and possibly autonomic regulatory systems.
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Bhasin N, Jones SM, Patel J, Kessel D, Robertson I, Berridge DC, Scott DJA. Internal iliac artery aneurysm--a cause of leg swelling and cellulitis. J R Soc Med 2004. [PMID: 15459260 DOI: 10.1258/jrsm.97.10.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Jones SM, Milroy C, Pickford MA. Telemedicine in acute plastic surgical trauma and burns. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2004; 86:239-42. [PMID: 15239862 PMCID: PMC1964211 DOI: 10.1308/147870804344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telemedicine is a relatively new development within the UK, but is increasingly useful in many areas of medicine including plastic surgery. Plastic surgery centres often work on a hub-and-spoke basis with many district hospitals referring to one tertiary centre. The Queen Victoria Hospital is one such centre receiving calls from more than 28 hospitals in the Southeast of England resulting in approximately 20 referrals a day. OBJECTIVE A telemedicine system was developed to improve trauma management. This study was designed to establish whether digital images were sufficiently accurate enough to aid decision-making. A store-and-forward telemedicine system was devised and the images of 150 trauma referrals evaluated in terms of injury severity and operative priority by each member of the plastic surgical team. RESULTS Correlation scores for assessed images were high. Accuracy of "transmitted image" in comparison to injury on examination scored > 97%. Operative priority scores tended to be higher than injury severity. CONCLUSIONS Telemedicine is an accurate method by which to transfer information on plastic surgical trauma including burns.
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Cavazos JE, Jones SM, Cross DJ. Sprouting and synaptic reorganization in the subiculum and CA1 region of the hippocampus in acute and chronic models of partial-onset epilepsy. Neuroscience 2004; 126:677-88. [PMID: 15183517 PMCID: PMC3179906 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2004] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Repeated seizures induce permanent alterations in the hippocampal circuitry in experimental models and patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Most studies have concentrated their attention on seizure-induced reorganization of the mossy fiber pathway. The present study examined the projection pathway of the CA1 pyramidal neurons to the subiculum, which is the output of the hippocampal formation in five models of TLE. We examined the laminar pattern of Timm's histochemistry in the stratum lacunosum-moleculare of CA1 in three acute and two chronic models of TLE: intraventricular kainic acid (KA), systemic KA, systemic pilocarpine, chronic electric kindling and chronic i.p. pentylenetetrazol. The laminar pattern of Timm histochemistry in the stratum moleculare of CA1 was permanently remodeled in epileptic models suggesting sprouting of Timm containing terminals from the adjacent stratum lacunosum. Ultrastructural examination confirmed that Timm granules were localized in synaptic terminals. As the source of Timm-labeled terminals in this region was not known, sodium selenite, a selective retrograde tracer for zinc-containing terminals, was iontophoretically injected in vivo in rats exposed to systemic pilocarpine, systemic KA or chronic pentylenetetrazol. The normal projection of CA1 pyramidal neurons to the subiculum is topographically organized in a lamellar fashion. In normal rats, the extent of the injection site (terminals) and the retrogradely labeled pyramidal neurons (cell soma) corresponded to the same number of lamellas. In epileptic rats, the retrograde labeling extended 42-67% farther than the normal dorso-ventral extent including lamellas above and below the expected. This is direct evidence for sprouting of CA1 pyramidal axons into the subiculum and stratum lacunosum-moleculare of the CA1 region confirming the alterations of the laminar pattern of Timm's histochemistry. Sprouting of the CA1 projection to subiculum across hippocampal lamellas might lead to translamellar hyperexcitability, and to amplification and synchronization of epileptic discharges in the output gate of the hippocampal formation.
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Jones SM, Banwell PE, Shakespeare PG, Tiernan E. COMPLICATIONS OF TOPICAL NEGATIVE PRESSURE THERAPY IN SMALL-DIAMETER WOUNDS. Plast Reconstr Surg 2004; 114:815-7. [PMID: 15318073 DOI: 10.1097/01.prs.0000136530.06899.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Jones BL, Harville TO, Jones SM, Wheeler JG, Noack D, Bleesing JJH. 177 A FAMILY COHORT WITH X-LINKED CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE AND DUCHENE'S MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY AS PART OF A CONTIGUOUS DELETION SYNDROME. J Investig Med 2004. [DOI: 10.1136/jim-52-suppl1-730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Bufford JD, Jones SM, Feild CR, Flick ML, Brooks DS, Parker JG, Wheeler JG, Hamilton RG, Vargas PA. 276 ENVIRONMENTAL ALLERGENS AND SENSITIZATION IN A COHORT OF ASTHMATIC CHILDREN ENROLLED IN HEAD START (HS) PROGRAMS. J Investig Med 2004. [DOI: 10.1136/jim-52-suppl1-829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Sessions LW, Jones SM, Kurten RC. 268 EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR (EGF) PROMOTES GROWTH AND MIGRATION DURING AIRWAY EPITHELIAL CELL WOUND HEALING. J Investig Med 2004. [DOI: 10.1136/jim-52-suppl1-821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Pittman LM, Kurten RC, Jones SM. 267 β2-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR (β2AR) TRANSACTIVATION OF THE EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR (EGFR) IN HUMAN AIRWAY EPITHELIUM. J Investig Med 2004. [DOI: 10.1136/jim-52-suppl1-820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Jones SM, Griffin KF, Hodgson I, Williamson ED. Protective efficacy of a fully recombinant plague vaccine in the guinea pig. Vaccine 2003; 21:3912-8. [PMID: 12922126 DOI: 10.1016/s0264-410x(03)00379-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A fully recombinant sub-unit vaccine comprising the protein antigens rF1 + rV has been demonstrated to protect immunised guinea pigs against exposure to 10(5) colony-forming units (CFU) of virulent Yersinia pestis. Additionally, IgG purified from rF1 + rV-immunised guinea pig serum, protected the mouse by passive immunisation against challenge with Y. pestis whereas IgG purified from the serum of guinea pigs immunised with a licensed killed whole cell (KWC) vaccine for plague, protected less well. Guinea pigs immunised with the licensed killed whole cell vaccine developed an IgG titre for fraction 1 (F1) but not for V antigen. The differential in protection conferred on the mouse by passive immunisation with guinea pig IgG, was abrogated by the use of IgG purified from guinea pigs immunised with killed whole cell vaccine supplemented with V antigen. These findings indicate that the reduced efficacy of the licensed killed whole cell vaccine formulation previously observed in the mouse can be attributed to lack of the V antigen. Cross-protection of the mouse with guinea pig IgG suggests that the recognition of neutralising epitopes in the F1 and V proteins is conserved between these two species.
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McHugh NJ, Balachrishnan C, Jones SM. Progression of peripheral joint disease in psoriatic arthritis: a 5-yr prospective study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2003; 42:778-83. [PMID: 12730539 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keg217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the evolution of disease subgroups and the frequency of progression of peripheral joint disease in a prospectively studied cohort of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). METHODS The cohort was identified as the first consecutive 100 patients attending a psoriatic arthritis clinic and who had been the subject of a previously published cross-sectional retrospective study. Nine of the 100 patients had died, three declined follow-up and one could not be traced. The remaining 87 patients (49 females, 38 males) completed the study proforma at a median follow-up interval of 65 months (range 39-90). An analysis of initial plasma viscosity compared with rates of progression of joint score was performed. RESULTS Eighteen patients changed subgroup; 11 had an increase in the number of joints involved, six a decrease, and one changed from an oligoarticular pattern to predominant spondylitis. Within the polyarticular group 37/51 patients had an increase in the number of joints involved. For the whole population, there were significant increases in the number of joints involved (median 6 vs 11, P < 0.001 Wilcoxon signed rank) and Health Assessment Questionnaire scores (median 0.375 vs 0.5, P < 0.001). The median rate of joint progression was 0.42 peripheral joints per year (range 0-7.2). However, the rate of peripheral joint involvement was highest in the first year of arthritis (median 4.0 joints/yr) as measured in 13 patients who had onset within 12 months of baseline assessment. There were no significant differences in skin and nail scores although nine more patients had developed nail disease. There was a significant correlation between the initial viscosity and rate of progression of joint damage (Spearman correlation, P < 0.011). CONCLUSIONS Peripheral joint disease is progressive in the majority of patients with PsA and reinforces the need for effective monitoring and treatment.
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Girling JE, Jones SM, Swain R. Delayed ovulation and parturition in a viviparous alpine lizard (Niveoscincus microlepidotus): morphological data and plasma steroid concentrations. Reprod Fertil Dev 2002; 14:43-53. [PMID: 12051522 DOI: 10.1071/rd01091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2001] [Accepted: 12/06/2001] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The southern snow skink, Niveoscincus microlepidotus, exhibits an unusual biennial reproductive cycle with an extended gestation period of approximately 1 year. Morphological data were gathered on a monthly basis, providing a detailed picture of the reproductive cycle. Vitellogenesis begins in spring, immediately after parturition. Maximum follicular diameter is reached before the winter hibernation period and ovulation occurs the following spring. Embryos are fully developed and reach maximum size by early autumn. Yolk reserves are depleted before winter. Birth of between one and four young occurs the following spring. Plasma progesterone concentrations are low (2.7 +/- 0.9 ng mL(-1)) in post-partum females, begin to rise in autumn in vitellogenic females and peak (38.5 +/- 7.9 ng mL(-1)) in pre-ovulatory females after hibernation. Concentrations are high (15.4 +/- 5.9 ng mL(-1)) in early pregnancy and decline to basal levels before winter and well before birth in spring. Plasma oestradiol concentrations peak during vitellogenesis (1.0 +/- 0.3 ng mL(-1)) and decline to basal levels during pregnancy (0.2 +/- 0.03 ng mL(-1)). A second oestradiol peak occurs before parturition (0.7 +/- 0.2 ng mL(-1)). Thus, functional completion of vitellogenesis and gestation is achieved by autumn in successive years. The mechanisms that defer ovulation and parturition by a further six months are unknown.
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50
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Jones SM, Ellis JF, Russell P, Griffin KF, Oyston PCF. Passive protection against Burkholderia pseudomallei infection in mice by monoclonal antibodies against capsular polysaccharide, lipopolysaccharide or proteins. J Med Microbiol 2002; 51:1055-1062. [PMID: 12466403 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-51-12-1055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei, the aetiological agent of melioidosis, is endemic in south-east Asia and northern Australia, where it is an important cause of human disease. There is no vaccine available and antibiotic therapy is associated with high relapse rates. A panel of seven monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that recognise capsular polysaccharide, lipopolysaccharide or proteins was produced and their ability to protect mice passively against experimental melioidosis was evaluated. The MAbs were capable of protecting mice against intra-peritoneal challenge with 10(4) cfu/250 MLD of a virulent strain of B. pseudomallei (NCTC 4845), when pooled, and four of the MAbs were individually protective. However, at a higher B. pseudomallei challenge level of 10(6) cfu none of the MAbs afforded protection and only the anti-exopolysaccharide MAbs produced a significantly delayed time to death.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/biosynthesis
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antigens, Bacterial/immunology
- Bacterial Capsules/immunology
- Bacterial Proteins/immunology
- Blotting, Western
- Burkholderia pseudomallei/immunology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Female
- Humans
- Immunization, Passive
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Lipopolysaccharides/analysis
- Lipopolysaccharides/immunology
- Melioidosis/immunology
- Melioidosis/prevention & control
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Polysaccharides, Bacterial/analysis
- Polysaccharides, Bacterial/immunology
- Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
- Time Factors
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