101
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Albarrán-Juárez J, Bentzon JF. Single-Cell Behavior in Closure of the Arterial Duct. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:743-744. [PMID: 35510554 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.317756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacob Fog Bentzon
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark (J.A.-J., J.F.B.).,Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (J.F.B.)
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102
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Salvador J, Hernandez GE, Ma F, Abrahamson CW, Pellegrini M, Goldman R, Ridge KM, Iruela-Arispe ML. Transcriptional Evaluation of the Ductus Arteriosus at the Single-Cell Level Uncovers a Requirement for Vim ( Vimentin) for Complete Closure. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:732-742. [PMID: 35443793 PMCID: PMC9806842 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.317172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Failure to close the ductus arteriosus, patent ductus arteriosus, accounts for 10% of all congenital heart defects. Despite significant advances in patent ductus arteriosus management, including pharmacological treatment targeting the prostaglandin pathway, a proportion of patients fail to respond and must undergo surgical intervention. Thus, further refinement of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that govern vascular remodeling of this vessel is required. METHODS We performed single-cell RNA-sequencing of the ductus arteriosus in mouse embryos at E18.5 (embryonic day 18.5), and P0.5 (postnatal day 0.5), and P5 to identify transcriptional alterations that might be associated with remodeling. We further confirmed our findings using transgenic mouse models coupled with immunohistochemistry analysis. RESULTS The intermediate filament vimentin emerged as a candidate that might contribute to closure of the ductus arteriosus. Indeed, mice with genetic deletion of vimentin fail to complete vascular remodeling of the ductus arteriosus. To seek mechanisms, we turned to the RNA-sequencing data that indicated changes in Jagged1 with similar profile to vimentin and pointed to potential links with Notch. In fact, Notch3 signaling was impaired in vimentin null mice and vimentin null mice phenocopies patent ductus arteriosus in Jagged1 endothelial and smooth muscle deleted mice. CONCLUSIONS Through single-cell RNA-sequencing and by tracking closure of the ductus arteriosus in mice, we uncovered the unexpected contribution of vimentin in driving complete closure of the ductus arteriosus through a mechanism that includes deregulation of the Notch signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelynda Salvador
- Department of Cell and Development Biology (J.S., C.W.A., R.G., K.M.R., M.L.I.-A.), Northwestern University, Chicago
| | - Gloria E Hernandez
- Molecular Biology Institute (G.E.H., F.M.), University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Feiyang Ma
- Molecular Biology Institute (G.E.H., F.M.), University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Cyrus W Abrahamson
- Department of Cell and Development Biology (J.S., C.W.A., R.G., K.M.R., M.L.I.-A.), Northwestern University, Chicago
| | - Matteo Pellegrini
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Development Biology (M.P.), University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Robert Goldman
- Department of Cell and Development Biology (J.S., C.W.A., R.G., K.M.R., M.L.I.-A.), Northwestern University, Chicago
| | - Karen M Ridge
- Department of Cell and Development Biology (J.S., C.W.A., R.G., K.M.R., M.L.I.-A.), Northwestern University, Chicago.,Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine (K.M.R.), Northwestern University, Chicago
| | - M Luisa Iruela-Arispe
- Department of Cell and Development Biology (J.S., C.W.A., R.G., K.M.R., M.L.I.-A.), Northwestern University, Chicago
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103
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Chiou WC, Huang C, Lin ZJ, Hong LS, Lai YH, Chen JC, Huang HC. α-Viniferin and ε-Viniferin Inhibited TGF-β1-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Migration and Invasion in Lung Cancer Cells through Downregulation of Vimentin Expression. Nutrients 2022; 14:2294. [PMID: 35684095 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol has well-known anticancer properties; however, its oligomers, including α-viniferin, ε-viniferin, and kobophenol A, have not yet been well investigated. This is the first study examining the anti-epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) effects of α-viniferin and ε-viniferin on A549, NCI-H460, NCI-H520, MCF-7, HOS, and U2OS cells. The results showed that α-viniferin and ε-viniferin significantly inhibited EMT, invasion and migration in TGF-β1- or IL-1β-induced non-small cell lung cancer. α-Viniferin and ε-viniferin also reversed TGF-β1-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), MMP2, vimentin, Zeb1, Snail, p-SMAD2, p-SMAD3, and ABCG2 expression in A549 cells. Furthermore, ε-viniferin was found to significantly inhibit lung metastasis in A549 cell xenograft metastatic mouse models. In view of these findings, α-viniferin and ε-viniferin may play an important role in the prevention of EMT and cancer metastasis in lung cancer.
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104
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Kim SY, Jeong SJ, Park JH, Cho W, Ahn YH, Choi YH, Oh GT, Silverstein RL, Park YM. Plasma Membrane Localization of CD36 Requires Vimentin Phosphorylation; A Mechanism by Which Macrophage Vimentin Promotes Atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:792717. [PMID: 35656400 PMCID: PMC9152264 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.792717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vimentin is a type III intermediate filament protein expressed in cells of mesenchymal origin. Vimentin has been thought to function mainly as a structural protein and roles of vimentin in other cellular processes have not been extensively studied. Our current study aims to reveal functions of vimentin in macrophage foam cell formation, the critical stage of atherosclerosis. We demonstrated that vimentin null (Vim -/ - ) mouse peritoneal macrophages take up less oxidized LDL (oxLDL) than vimentin wild type (Vim +/+) macrophages. Despite less uptake of oxLDL in Vim -/ - macrophages, Vim +/+ and Vim -/ - macrophages did not show difference in expression of CD36 known to mediate oxLDL uptake. However, CD36 localized in plasma membrane was 50% less in Vim -/ - macrophages than in Vim +/+ macrophages. OxLDL/CD36 interaction induced protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated vimentin (Ser72) phosphorylation. Cd36 -/ - macrophages did not exhibit vimentin phosphorylation (Ser72) in response to oxLDL. Experiments using phospho-mimetic mutation of vimentin revealed that macrophages with aspartate-substituted vimentin (V72D) showed more oxLDL uptake and membrane CD36. LDL receptor null (Ldlr -/ - ) mice reconstituted with Vim -/ - bone marrow fed a western diet for 15 weeks showed 43% less atherosclerotic lesion formation than Ldlr -/ - mice with Vim +/+ bone marrow. In addition, Apoe -/ -Vim- / - (double null) mice fed a western diet for 15 weeks also showed 57% less atherosclerotic lesion formation than Apoe -/ - and Vim +/+mice. We concluded that oxLDL via CD36 induces PKA-mediated phosphorylation of vimentin (Ser72) and phosphorylated vimentin (Ser72) directs CD36 trafficking to plasma membrane in macrophages. This study reveals a function of vimentin in CD36 trafficking and macrophage foam cell formation and may guide to establish a new strategy for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Yeon Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se-Jin Jeong
- Department of Life Sciences, Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hae Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wonkyoung Cho
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Ho Ahn
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youn-Hee Choi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Goo Taeg Oh
- Department of Life Sciences, Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Roy L. Silverstein
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Young Mi Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
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105
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Raissa R, Riawan W, Safitri A, Masruri M, Beltran MAG, Aulanniam A. In vitro and in vivo study: Ethanolic extract leaves of Azadirachta indica Juss. variant of Indonesia and Philippines suppresses tumor growth of hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 signaling. F1000Res 2022; 11:477. [PMID: 37829248 PMCID: PMC10565427 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.109557.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Azadirachta indica Juss. has been shown to suppress cancer progression through a variety of mechanisms. In order to treat cancer progression, cancer immunotherapy is used to stimulate the immune system where immunosuppression is present in tumor microenvironments. Many cancer cells produce a lot of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and signal transducer activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). STAT3 plays a key role in suppressing the expression of critical immune activation regulators. IL-6-mediated STAT3 activation is common in the tumor microenvironment. Inhibiting the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway has become a therapeutic option for cancer progression. As vimentin is also expressed in hepatic stellate cells boosting cancer survival. We focused on the precise effect of extract from leaves of Azadirachta indica Juss, on inhibiting the IL-6/STAT3 signaling cascade on hepatocellular carcinoma by in vitro and in vivo study. Methods: In the in vitro study, the effect of Azadirachta indica Juss. variant Indonesia and Philippines against the expression of IL-6 and STAT3 was examined in liver cancer cell line. In the in vivo study, 24 male rats ( Rattus norvegicus) strain Wistar were induced by diethylnitrosamine and carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4). Based on the therapy given, the groups were divided into negative control, positive control, Indonesia extract, and Philippine extract. Expression of IL-6, STAT3, and vimentin were tested using immunohistochemistry staining. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance, which was then followed by the Tukey test. Results: Statistically significant difference in IL-6 and STAT3 was observed between the treatment groups and positive control group by in vitro study and in vivo study. Generally, there is no significant difference between treatment using Indonesian and Philippine leaves. Conclusion: Both therapy doses of Azadirachta indica variant in Indonesia and Philippines were able to reduce IL-6, STAT3 and vimentin expression of hepatocellular carcinoma cell by in vitro and in vivo experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricadonna Raissa
- Doctoral Program of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Wibi Riawan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Anna Safitri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
- Research Center for Smart Molecules of Natural Genetic Resources (SMONAGENES), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Masruri Masruri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | | | - Aulanniam Aulanniam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
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106
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Wang L, Mohanasundaram P, Lindström M, Asghar MN, Sultana G, Misiorek JO, Jiu Y, Chen H, Chen Z, Toivola DM, Cheng F, Eriksson JE. Vimentin Suppresses Inflammation and Tumorigenesis in the Mouse Intestine. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:862237. [PMID: 35399505 PMCID: PMC8993042 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.862237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Vimentin has been implicated in wound healing, inflammation, and cancer, but its functional contribution to intestinal diseases is poorly understood. To study how vimentin is involved during tissue injury and repair of simple epithelium, we induced colonic epithelial cell damage in the vimentin null (Vim−/−) mouse model. Vim−/− mice challenged with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) had worse colitis manifestations than wild-type (WT) mice. Vim−/− colons also produced more reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, possibly contributing to the pathogenesis of gut inflammation and tumorigenesis than in WT mice. We subsequently describe that CD11b+ macrophages served as the mainly cellular source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production via vimentin-ROS-pSTAT3–interleukin-6 inflammatory pathways. Further, we demonstrated that Vim−/− mice did not develop colitis-associated cancer model upon DSS treatment spontaneously but increased tumor numbers and size in the distal colon in the azoxymethane/DSS model comparing with WT mice. Thus, vimentin has a crucial role in protection from colitis induction and tumorigenesis of the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linglu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ponnuswamy Mohanasundaram
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Michelle Lindström
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Asghar
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Giulia Sultana
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Julia O Misiorek
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Department of Molecular Neurooncology, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Yaming Jiu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Diana M Toivola
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Fang Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - John E Eriksson
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
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107
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Abstract
More than 27 yr ago, the vimentin knockout (Vim-/- ) mouse was reported to develop and reproduce without an obvious phenotype, implying that this major cytoskeletal protein was nonessential. Subsequently, comprehensive and careful analyses have revealed numerous phenotypes in Vim-/- mice and their organs, tissues, and cells, frequently reflecting altered responses in the recovery of tissues following various insults or injuries. These findings have been supported by cell-based experiments demonstrating that vimentin intermediate filaments (IFs) play a critical role in regulating cell mechanics and are required to coordinate mechanosensing, transduction, signaling pathways, motility, and inflammatory responses. This review highlights the essential functions of vimentin IFs revealed from studies of Vim-/- mice and cells derived from them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Ridge
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - John E Eriksson
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Åbo Akademi University, FIN-20521 Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FIN-20521 Turku, Finland
- Euro-Bioimaging European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ERIC), FIN-20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Milos Pekny
- Laboratory of Astrocyte Biology and CNS Regeneration, Center for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales 2300, Australia
| | - Robert D Goldman
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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108
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He X, Li X, Han Y, Chen G, Xu T, Cai D, Sun Y, Wang S, Lai Y, Teng Z, Huang S, Liao W, Liao Y, Bin J, Xiu J. CircRNA Chordc1 protects mice from abdominal aortic aneurysm by contributing to the phenotype and growth of vascular smooth muscle cells. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2022; 27:81-98. [PMID: 34938608 PMCID: PMC8649900 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have important potential in modulating vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) activity, but their roles in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) are unknown. We performed in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry and determined that circChordc1 (cysteine and histidine-rich domain containing 1) was markedly downregulated in aneurysm tissue compared with normal arteries. A gene gain and loss strategy was used to confirm that circChordc1 transformed VSMCs into a contracted phenotype and improved their growth, which significantly suppressed aneurysm formation and reduced the risk of rupture in mouse models of angiotensin (Ang) II- and CaCl2-induced AAA. RNA pull-down, immunoprecipitation, and immunoblotting indicated that circChordc1 facilitated the VSMC phenotype and growth determination by binding to vimentin and ANXA2 (annexin A2), which not only increased vimentin phosphorylation to promote its degradation but also promoted the interaction between ANXA2 and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) to induce the nuclear entry of β-catenin. Thus, our present study revealed that circChordc1 optimized the VSMC phenotype and improved their growth by inducing vimentin degradation and increasing the activity of the GSK3β/β-catenin pathway, thereby extenuating vascular wall remodeling and reversing pathological aneurysm progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang He
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinzhong Li
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Han
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guojun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China
| | - Tong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China
| | - Donghua Cai
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yili Sun
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China
| | - Shifei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanxian Lai
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Zhonghua Teng
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China
| | - Senlin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China
| | - Wangjun Liao
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulin Liao
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Bin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiancheng Xiu
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Guangzhou, China
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Welke RW, Sperber HS, Bergmann R, Koikkarah A, Menke L, Sieben C, Krüger DH, Chiantia S, Herrmann A, Schwarzer R. Characterization of Hantavirus N Protein Intracellular Dynamics and Localization. Viruses 2022; 14:v14030457. [PMID: 35336863 PMCID: PMC8954124 DOI: 10.3390/v14030457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses are enveloped viruses that possess a tri-segmented, negative-sense RNA genome. The viral S-segment encodes the multifunctional nucleocapsid protein (N), which is involved in genome packaging, intracellular protein transport, immunoregulation, and several other crucial processes during hantavirus infection. In this study, we generated fluorescently tagged N protein constructs derived from Puumalavirus (PUUV), the dominant hantavirus species in Central, Northern, and Eastern Europe. We comprehensively characterized this protein in the rodent cell line CHO-K1, monitoring the dynamics of N protein complex formation and investigating co-localization with host proteins as well as the viral glycoproteins Gc and Gn. We observed formation of large, fibrillar PUUV N protein aggregates, rapidly coalescing from early punctate and spike-like assemblies. Moreover, we found significant spatial correlation of N with vimentin, actin, and P-bodies but not with microtubules. N constructs also co-localized with Gn and Gc albeit not as strongly as the glycoproteins associated with each other. Finally, we assessed oligomerization of N constructs, observing efficient and concentration-dependent multimerization, with complexes comprising more than 10 individual proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert-William Welke
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Humboldt University, 10115 Berlin, Germany; (R.-W.W.); (R.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Hannah Sabeth Sperber
- Institute for Translational HIV Research, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Ronny Bergmann
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Humboldt University, 10115 Berlin, Germany; (R.-W.W.); (R.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Amit Koikkarah
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany; (A.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Laura Menke
- Nanoscale Infection Biology Group, Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (L.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Christian Sieben
- Nanoscale Infection Biology Group, Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (L.M.); (C.S.)
- Institute for Genetics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Detlev H. Krüger
- Institut für Virologie, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Gliedkörperschaft der Freien Universität Berlin und der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Salvatore Chiantia
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany; (A.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Humboldt University, 10115 Berlin, Germany; (R.-W.W.); (R.B.); (A.H.)
- Biophysikalische Chemie, Freie Universität, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Roland Schwarzer
- Institute for Translational HIV Research, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
- Correspondence:
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110
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Zhang Y, Zhao S, Li Y, Feng F, Li M, Xue Y, Cui J, Xu T, Jin X, Jiu Y. Host cytoskeletal vimentin serves as a structural organizer and an RNA-binding protein regulator to facilitate Zika viral replication. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2113909119. [PMID: 35193960 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2113909119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We discovered a dual role of vimentin underlying Zika virus (ZIKV) replication. The vimentin network reorganizes to surround the replication complex. Depletion of vimentin resulted in drastic segregation of viral proteins and subsequent defective infection, indicating its function as an “organizer” that ensures the concentration of all necessary factors for high replication efficacy. With omics analysis, we prove that vimentin also functions as a “regulator” that dominates RNA-binding proteins during infection. These two roles complement one another to make an integrated view of vimentin in regulating ZIKV infection. Collectively, our study fills the long-term gap in our knowledge of the cellular function of intermediate filaments in addition to structural support and provides a potential target for ZIKV therapy. Emerging microbe infections, such as Zika virus (ZIKV), pose an increasing threat to human health. Investigations on ZIKV replication have revealed the construction of replication complexes (RCs), but the role of cytoskeleton in this process is largely unknown. Here, we investigated the function of cytoskeletal intermediate filament protein vimentin in the life cycle of ZIKV infection. Using advanced imaging techniques, we uncovered that vimentin filaments undergo drastic reorganization upon viral protein synthesis to form a perinuclear cage-like structure that embraces and concentrates RCs. Genetic removal of vimentin markedly disrupted the integrity of RCs and resulted in fragmented subcellular dispersion of viral proteins. This led to reduced viral genome replication, viral protein production, and release of infectious virions, without interrupting viral binding and entry. Furthermore, mass spectrometry and RNA-sequencing screens identified interactions and interplay between vimentin and hundreds of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident RNA-binding proteins. Among them, the cytoplasmic-region of ribosome receptor binding protein 1, an ER transmembrane protein that directly binds viral RNA, interacted with and was regulated by vimentin, resulting in modulation of ZIKV replication. Together, the data in our work reveal a dual role for vimentin as a structural element for RC integrity and as an RNA-binding-regulating hub during ZIKV infection, thus unveiling a layer of interplay between Zika virus and host cell.
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111
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Evans CA, Kim HR, Macfarlane SC, Nowicki PIA, Baltes C, Xu L, Widengren J, Lautenschläger F, Corfe BM, Gad AKB. Metastasising Fibroblasts Show an HDAC6-Dependent Increase in Migration Speed and Loss of Directionality Linked to Major Changes in the Vimentin Interactome. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1961. [PMID: 35216078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasising cells express the intermediate filament protein vimentin, which is used to diagnose invasive tumours in the clinic. We aimed to clarify how vimentin regulates the motility of metastasising fibroblasts. STED super-resolution microscopy, live-cell imaging and quantitative proteomics revealed that oncogene-expressing and metastasising fibroblasts show a less-elongated cell shape, reduced cell spreading, increased cell migration speed, reduced directionality, and stronger coupling between these migration parameters compared to normal control cells. In total, we identified and compared 555 proteins in the vimentin interactome. In metastasising cells, the levels of keratin 18 and Rab5C were increased, while those of actin and collagen were decreased. Inhibition of HDAC6 reversed the shape, spreading and migration phenotypes of metastasising cells back to normal. Inhibition of HDAC6 also decreased the levels of talin 1, tropomyosin, Rab GDI β, collagen and emilin 1 in the vimentin interactome, and partially reversed the nanoscale vimentin organisation in oncogene-expressing cells. These findings describe the changes in the vimentin interactome and nanoscale distribution that accompany the defective cell shape, spreading and migration of metastasising cells. These results support the hypothesis that oncogenes can act through HDAC6 to regulate the vimentin binding of the cytoskeletal and cell–extracellular matrix adhesion components that contribute to the defective motility of metastasising cells.
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112
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Amraei R, Xia C, Olejnik J, White MR, Napoleon MA, Lotfollahzadeh S, Hauser BM, Schmidt AG, Chitalia V, Mühlberger E, Costello CE, Rahimi N. Extracellular vimentin is an attachment factor that facilitates SARS-CoV-2 entry into human endothelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2113874119. [PMID: 35078919 PMCID: PMC8833221 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2113874119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells is a crucial step for virus tropism, transmission, and pathogenesis. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has been identified as the primary entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2; however, the possible involvement of other cellular components in the viral entry has not yet been fully elucidated. Here we describe the identification of vimentin (VIM), an intermediate filament protein widely expressed in cells of mesenchymal origin, as an important attachment factor for SARS-CoV-2 on human endothelial cells. Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, we identified VIM as a protein that binds to the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein. We showed that the S-protein receptor binding domain (RBD) is sufficient for S-protein interaction with VIM. Further analysis revealed that extracellular VIM binds to SARS-CoV-2 S-protein and facilitates SARS-CoV-2 infection, as determined by entry assays performed with pseudotyped viruses expressing S and with infectious SARS-CoV-2. Coexpression of VIM with ACE2 increased SARS-CoV-2 entry in HEK-293 cells, and shRNA-mediated knockdown of VIM significantly reduced SARS-CoV-2 infection of human endothelial cells. Moreover, incubation of A549 cells expressing ACE2 with purified VIM increased pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2-S entry. CR3022 antibody, which recognizes a distinct epitope on SARS-CoV-2-S-RBD without interfering with the binding of the spike with ACE2, inhibited the binding of VIM with CoV-2 S-RBD, and neutralized viral entry in human endothelial cells, suggesting a key role for VIM in SARS-CoV-2 infection of endothelial cells. This work provides insight into the pathogenesis of COVID-19 linked to the vascular system, with implications for the development of therapeutics and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razie Amraei
- Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Chaoshuang Xia
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Judith Olejnik
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Mitchell R White
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Marc A Napoleon
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Saran Lotfollahzadeh
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Blake M Hauser
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Aaron G Schmidt
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Vipul Chitalia
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118
- Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02118
- Institute of Medical Engineering and Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Elke Mühlberger
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Catherine E Costello
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118;
| | - Nader Rahimi
- Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118;
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113
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Ramírez-Suárez AC, Paneque-Guerrero T, Casillas-Casanova D, Cosme K, Bacardí D, Duarte CA, Ancízar J, Brown E, Castro J, Suárez-Alba J, Garay H, Pereira K, Fernández-Ortega C. Preliminary safety assessment of CIGB-210, an investigational peptide for HIV infection. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271211073708. [PMID: 35112887 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211073708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Current human immunodeficiency virus treatments need to be periodically administered lifelong. In this study we assess the effect of repeated doses of an anti-HIV peptide drug candidate in C57BL6 strain. Two schemes of up to 15 administrations and one of 30, daily dosing for 5 days per week, all by the subcutaneous route were evaluated. Different dose concentrations of the peptide were assayed. CIGB-210 treated animals showed no symptoms or abnormal behavior as compared with placebo. All the animals gained weight during the study. Macroscopic evaluation showed no alterations in any of the organs studied. Microscopic analysis of the tissues did not show morphological changes in thymus, stomach, small and large intestines, kidney, brain, or cerebellum. The proliferative response of splenocytes and their capacity to secrete gamma interferon were not compromised by the repeated administration of CIGB-210. There were not statistically significant differences for any of the parameters evaluated during the study among treated and non-treated groups. We can conclude that CIGB-210 is well tolerated in C57BL6 mice in the dose concentration range explored and merits subsequent toxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C Ramírez-Suárez
- Pharmaceutical Department, 113016Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Habana, Cuba
| | - Taimi Paneque-Guerrero
- Pharmaceutical Department, 113016Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Habana, Cuba
| | | | - Karelia Cosme
- Preclinical Research Direction, 113016Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Habana, Cuba
| | - Dania Bacardí
- Preclinical Research Direction, 113016Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Habana, Cuba
| | - Carlos A Duarte
- Pharmaceutical Department, 113016Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Habana, Cuba
| | - Julio Ancízar
- Preclinical Research Direction, 113016Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Habana, Cuba
| | - Emma Brown
- Preclinical Research Direction, 113016Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Habana, Cuba
| | - Jorge Castro
- Preclinical Research Direction, 113016Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Habana, Cuba
| | - José Suárez-Alba
- Preclinical Research Direction, 113016Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Habana, Cuba
| | - Hilda Garay
- Chemical and Physical Department, 113016Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Havana, Cuba
| | - Karla Pereira
- Pharmaceutical Department, 113016Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Habana, Cuba
| | - Celia Fernández-Ortega
- Pharmaceutical Department, 113016Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Habana, Cuba
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114
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Abstract
Introduction; Epithelioid sarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal neoplasm with evidence of epithelial differentiation. All the cases reported in the solid organs are of "proximal type" occurring in adults. We report a primary epithelioid sarcoma arising in the adrenal gland of a young male. Case report: An 11-year-old male patient presented with right loin pain. Imaging revealed a 10.8 × 10.8 × 13.5 cm complex cystic mass with obscured right adrenal gland. Clinical and radiological studies did not reveal metastases. Histologic features were those of proximal type epithelioid sarcoma with extensive central necrosis. Immunohistochemistry showed strong positivity for pancytokeratin, vimentin, and CD34. Nuclear expression of SMARCB1 (INI-1) protein was lost. Conclusion: Proximal type of epithelioid sarcoma can arise from solid organs such as the adrenal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Monappa
- Pathology, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal, India
| | | | - Arun Chawla
- Urology, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal, India
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115
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Pushchina EV, Varaksin AA, Obukhov DK. Molecular Markers of Adult Neurogenesis in the Telencephalon and Tectum of Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1188. [PMID: 35163116 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In the brain of teleost fish, radial glial cells are the major type of astroglial cells. To answer the question as to how radial glia structures adapt to the continuous growth of the brain, which is characteristic of salmonids, it is necessary to study various types of cells (neuronal precursors, astroglial cells, and cells in a state of neuronal differentiation) in the major integrative centers of the salmon brain (telencephalon and tectum opticum), using rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, as a model. A study of the distribution of several molecular markers in the telencephalon and tectum with the identification of neural stem/progenitor cells, neuroblasts, and radial glia was carried out on juvenile (three-year-old) O. mykiss. The presence of all of these cell types provides specific conditions for the adult neurogenesis processes in the trout telencephalon and tectum. The distribution of glutamine synthetase, a molecular marker of neural stem cells, in the trout telencephalon revealed a large population of radial glia (RG) corresponding to adult-type neural stem cells (NSCs). RG dominated the pallial region of the telencephalon, while, in the subpallial region, RG was found in the lateral and ventral zones. In the optic tectum, RG fibers were widespread and localized both in the marginal layer and in the periventricular gray layer. Doublecortin (DC) immunolabeling revealed a large population of neuroblasts formed in the postembryonic period, which is indicative of intense adult neurogenesis in the trout brain. The pallial and subpallial regions of the telencephalon contained numerous DC+ cells and their clusters. In the tectum, DC+ cells were found not only in the stratum griseum periventriculare (SGP) and longitudinal torus (TL) containing proliferating cells, but also in the layers containing differentiated neurons: the central gray layer, the periventricular gray and white layers, and the superficial white layer. A study of the localization patterns of vimentin and nestin in the trout telencephalon and tectum showed the presence of neuroepithelial neural stem cells (eNSCs) and ependymoglial cells in the periventricular matrix zones of the brain. The presence of vimentin and nestin in the functionally heterogeneous cell types of adult trout indicates new functional properties of these proteins and their heterogeneous involvement in intracellular motility and adult neurogenesis. Investigation into the later stages of neuronal development in various regions of the fish brain can substantially elucidate the major mechanisms of adult neurogenesis, but it can also contribute to understanding the patterns of formation of certain brain regions and the involvement of RG in the construction of the definite brain structure.
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116
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Murtinheira F, Migueis M, Letra-Vilela R, Diallo M, Quezada A, Valente CA, Oliva A, Rodriguez C, Martin V, Herrera F. Sacsin Deletion Induces Aggregation of Glial Intermediate Filaments. Cells 2022; 11:299. [PMID: 35053415 PMCID: PMC8773934 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) is a neurodegenerative disorder commonly diagnosed in infants and characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia, spasticity, motor sensory neuropathy and axonal demyelination. ARSACS is caused by mutations in the SACS gene that lead to truncated or defective forms of the 520 kDa multidomain protein, sacsin. Sacsin function is exclusively studied on neuronal cells, where it regulates mitochondrial network organization and facilitates the normal polymerization of neuronal intermediate filaments (i.e., neurofilaments and vimentin). Here, we show that sacsin is also highly expressed in astrocytes, C6 rat glioma cells and N9 mouse microglia. Sacsin knockout in C6 cells (C6Sacs-/-) induced the accumulation of the glial intermediate filaments glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), nestin and vimentin in the juxtanuclear area, and a concomitant depletion of mitochondria. C6Sacs-/- cells showed impaired responses to oxidative challenges (Rotenone) and inflammatory stimuli (Interleukin-6). GFAP aggregation is also associated with other neurodegenerative conditions diagnosed in infants, such as Alexander disease or Giant Axonal Neuropathy. Our results, and the similarities between these disorders, reinforce the possible connection between ARSACS and intermediate filament-associated diseases and point to a potential role of glia in ARSACS pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Murtinheira
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal; (F.M.); (M.M.); (R.L.-V.); (M.D.); (A.Q.)
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Migueis
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal; (F.M.); (M.M.); (R.L.-V.); (M.D.); (A.Q.)
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Letra-Vilela
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal; (F.M.); (M.M.); (R.L.-V.); (M.D.); (A.Q.)
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mickael Diallo
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal; (F.M.); (M.M.); (R.L.-V.); (M.D.); (A.Q.)
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica (ITQB-NOVA), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal;
| | - Andrea Quezada
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal; (F.M.); (M.M.); (R.L.-V.); (M.D.); (A.Q.)
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cláudia A. Valente
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Abel Oliva
- Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica (ITQB-NOVA), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal;
| | - Carmen Rodriguez
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.R.); (V.M.)
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Vanesa Martin
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.R.); (V.M.)
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Federico Herrera
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal; (F.M.); (M.M.); (R.L.-V.); (M.D.); (A.Q.)
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
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117
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Abstract
![]()
The ability of cells to take and
change shape is a fundamental
feature underlying development, wound repair, and tissue maintenance.
Central to this process is physical and signaling interactions between
the three cytoskeletal polymeric networks: F-actin, microtubules,
and intermediate filaments (IFs). Vimentin is an IF protein that is
essential to the mechanical resilience of cells and regulates cross-talk
among the cytoskeleton, but its role in how cells sense and respond
to the surrounding extracellular matrix is largely unclear. To investigate
vimentin’s role in substrate sensing, we designed polyacrylamide
hydrogels that mimic the elastic and viscoelastic nature of in vivo tissues. Using wild-type and vimentin-null mouse
embryonic fibroblasts, we show that vimentin enhances cell spreading
on viscoelastic substrates, even though it has little effect in the
limit of purely elastic substrates. Our results provide compelling
evidence that vimentin modulates how cells sense and respond to their
environment and thus plays a key role in cell mechanosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxx Swoger
- Physics Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States.,BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Sarthak Gupta
- Physics Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States.,BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Elisabeth E Charrier
- Institute of Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 13210, United States
| | - Michael Bates
- Biology Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Heidi Hehnly
- Biology Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Alison E Patteson
- Physics Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States.,BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
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118
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Zhang Q, Jia Y, Pan P, Zhang X, Jia Y, Zhu P, Chen X, Jiao Y, Kang G, Zhang L, Ma X. α5-nAChR associated with Ly6E modulates cell migration via TGF-β1/Smad signaling in non-small cell lung cancer. Carcinogenesis 2022; 43:393-404. [PMID: 34994389 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The α5-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α5-nAChR) is closely associated with nicotine-related lung cancer, offering a novel perspective for investigating the molecular pathogenesis of this disease. However, the mechanism by which α5-nAChR functions in lung carcinogenesis remains to be elucidated. Lymphocyte antigen 6 (Ly6) proteins, like snake three-finger alpha toxins such as α-bungarotoxin, can modulate nAChR signaling. Ly6E, a member of the Ly6 family, is a biomarker of poor prognosis in smoking-induced lung carcinogenesis and is involved in the regulation of TGF-β1/Smad signaling. Here, we explored the underlying mechanisms linking α5-nAChR and Ly6E in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The expression of α5-nAChR was correlated with Ly6 expression, smoking status and lower survival in NSCLC tissues. In vitro, α5-nAChR mediated Ly6E, the phosphorylation of the TGF-β1 downstream molecule Smad3 (pSmad3, a key mediator of TGF-β1 signaling), the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers Zeb1, N-cadherin and vimentin expression in NSCLC cells. The downregulation of Ly6E reduced α5-nAChR, pSmad3, Zeb1, N-cadherin and vimentin expression. Functionally, silencing both α5-nAChR and Ly6E significantly inhibited cell migration compared to silencing α5-nAChR or Ly6E alone. Furthermore, the functional effects of α5-nAchR and Ly6E were confirmed in chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and mouse xenograft models. Therefore, our findings uncover a new interaction between α5-nAChR and Ly6E that inhibits cancer cell migration by modulating the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in NSCLC, which may serve as a novel target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ying Jia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, China
| | - Pan Pan
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuping Zhang
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanfei Jia
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guiyu Kang
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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119
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Baker MJ, Kazanietz MG. The anti-Rac1-GTP antibody and the detection of active Rac1: a tool with a fundamental flaw. Small GTPases 2022; 13:136-140. [PMID: 33910489 PMCID: PMC9707529 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2021.1920824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rac1 is a member of the Rho GTPase family and is involved in many cellular processes, particularly the formation of actin-rich membrane protrusions, such as lamellipodia and ruffles. With such a widely studied protein, it is essential that the research community has reliable tools for detecting Rac1 activation both in cellular models and tissues. Using a series of cancer cellular models, we recently demonstrated that a widely used antibody for visualizing active Rac1 (Rac1-GTP) does not recognize Rac1 but instead recognizes vimentin filaments (Baker MJ, J. Biol. Chem. 295:13698-13710, 2020). We believe that this tool has misled the field and impose on the GTPase research community the need to validate published results using this antibody as well as to continue the development of new resources to visualize endogenous active Rac1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J. Baker
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marcelo G. Kazanietz
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA,CONTACT Marcelo G. Kazanietz Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 1256 Biomedical Research Building II/III, 421 Curie Blvd., Philadelphia, PA19104-6160, USA
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Gunin AG, Golubtzova NN, Emelianov VU, Tasakova OS, Bogdanov AV. [Thioredoxin in fibroblasts of human dermis in the process of aging.]. Adv Gerontol 2022; 35:341-350. [PMID: 36169360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to examine the content of thioredoxin in fibroblasts of human dermis from the development until deep aging (from 20 weeks of pregnancy until 85 years old), and defining of a role of thioredoxin in age-dependent changes in the number of fibroblasts in the dermis. Thioredoxin, proliferating cells nuclear antigen (PCNA), marker of fibroblasts vimentin were detected with indirect immunohistochemical technique. Results showed that portion of fibroblasts with positive staining for thioredoxin in the dermis is increased from 20 weeks of pregnancy until 85 years old. Most expressed age related increase in portion of thioredoxin positive dermal fibroblasts (more than 9 times) is present form birth until 20 years as compared to antenatal period. General number and percent of PCNA positive fibroblasts in dermis are decreased with age with more expressed changes until 40 years old. Correlation analysis showed that age dependent decrease in the number of fibroblasts and their proliferative activity is significantly associated with increase in thioredoxin positive fibroblasts in dermis. Results allow to suggest that thioredoxin play a role in age dependent decrease in the number of fibroblasts and their proliferation in human dermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Gunin
- Chuvash State University, 15 Moscovski pr., Cheboksary 428015, Russian Federation, e-mail:
| | - N N Golubtzova
- Chuvash State University, 15 Moscovski pr., Cheboksary 428015, Russian Federation, e-mail:
| | - V U Emelianov
- Chuvash State University, 15 Moscovski pr., Cheboksary 428015, Russian Federation, e-mail:
| | - O S Tasakova
- Chuvash State University, 15 Moscovski pr., Cheboksary 428015, Russian Federation, e-mail:
| | - A V Bogdanov
- Chuvash State University, 15 Moscovski pr., Cheboksary 428015, Russian Federation, e-mail:
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Chandran S, Elangovan A, Vijayakumar S, Kumar KSS. Intraoral malignant glomus tumor. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2022; 26:259-262. [PMID: 35968168 PMCID: PMC9364626 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_444_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomus tumors are uncommon, benign solitary tumors derived from the glomus apparatus. We report here a case of a malignant glomus tumor in an 8-year-old child presenting as a multilocular ill-defined radiolucency of the mandible. The lesion microscopically showed sheets of round basophilic cells with high nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, indistinct cell boundaries, nuclear hyperchromatism and nuclear pleomorphism. Immunohistochemically, the tumor was positive for vimentin and smooth muscle actin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satheesh Chandran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Madha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arun Elangovan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Madha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saranya Vijayakumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Adhiparasakthi Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K. Sai Sarath Kumar
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sathyabama Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. K. Sai Sarath Kumar, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sathyabama Dental College and Hospital, 26/51, Sundar Moorthy Vinayagar Koil Street, Triplicane, Chennai - 600 005, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail:
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Puneeta N, Santosh T, Mishra I, Gaikwad P, Sahu A. Evaluation of e-cadherin and vimentin expression for different grades of oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma - An immunohistochemical study. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2022; 26:285-286. [PMID: 35968190 PMCID: PMC9364642 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_166_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral cancer is the 11thcommon cancer in the world and ranks 6thglobally in deaths. The incidence of oral cancer in India accounts for approximately 30%-40% of all cancers. Aims and Objective The present study was undertaken to evaluate the expression of Vimentin and E-cadherin in different grades of oral epithelial dysplasias (OEDs) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Materials and Methods Biopsies/blocks of oral cavity lesions were retrieved from the archives of the department. Normal oral mucosa (5 cases), oral epithelial dysplastic (60 cases) and different grades of OSCC (60 cases) evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin sections. Immunohistochemical analysis was done on the blocks and expression of E-cadherin and Vimentin was recorded. Results Our study included various grades of OED, OSCC and normal mucosa as control cases. The mean age of OED and OSCC was 49 and 56 years, respectively, with male predominance. Tobacco habit was present in approximately 90% cases, and buccal mucosa was the most commonly involved site in oral cavity with whitish patch and ulceroproliferative lesions being the common clinical presentations respectively. In OED, downregulation and altered localization of e-cadherin (81.6%) and increased expression of vimentin (52.3%) along with their concurrent increase in the stroma represent epithelial mesenchymal transition. In OSCC, reduction in expression (<50%) for e-cadherin (56.6%) with altered localization for e-cadherin was seen in 88.3% of OSCC along with neoexpression of vimentin in the epithelial cells was seen in 68.3% suggestive of mesenchymal phenotypic modification (P = 0.05). Conclusion It is very crucial to evaluate the invasiveness of dysplasia and tumor with specific molecular biomarker that may help in early prediction of malignancy and also guide in deciding best treatment strategy for established cases of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagiredla Puneeta
- Department of Oral Pathology, Maitri College of Dentistry and Research Centre, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Tummidi Santosh
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, AIIMS, Kalyani, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Tummidi Santosh, Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, AIIMS, Kalyani-741245, West bengal, India. E-mail:
| | - Isha Mishra
- Department of Oral Pathology, Maitri College of Dentistry and Research Centre, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Pravin Gaikwad
- Department of Oral Pathology, Maitri College of Dentistry and Research Centre, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Anshuta Sahu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Maitri College of Dentistry and Research Centre, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
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Li T, Li X, Mao R, Pan L, Que Y, Zhu C, Jin L, Li S. NLRP2 inhibits cell proliferation and migration by regulating EMT in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Cell Biol Int 2021; 46:588-598. [PMID: 34957627 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs) are crucial types of innate immune sensors and well known for their critical roles in the immune system. However, how NLRP2 functions in the progression of cancer is largely unknown. Here, we identified NLRP2 as an antioncogene in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells. Gain- and loss-of-function studies revealed that NLRP2 silencing promoted cell proliferation and migration by stimulating NF-kB signaling in the microenvironment, which induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype and cytoskeleton reorganization in LUAD cells. The addition of the NF-kB inhibitor rescued the function of NLRP2 on EMT. Moreover, NLRP2 increased the level of cofilin phosphorylation and repressed subsequent F-actin reorganization. Consistently, the in vivo study showed that NLRP2 played an inhibitory role in forming metastasis foci. Taken together, NLRP2 inhibited cell proliferation and migration by regulating EMT in LUAD cells, demonstrating the essential function of NLRP2 in the development of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rongchen Mao
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihua Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuhui Que
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lai Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Liang Y, Li L, Chen Y, Zhang S, Li Z, Xiao J, Wei D. Research Progress on the Role of Intermediate Filament Vimentin in Atherosclerosis. DNA Cell Biol 2021; 40:1495-1502. [PMID: 34931866 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2021.0623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytoskeleton is a biopolymer network composed of intermediate filaments, actin, and microtubules, which is the main mechanical structure of cells. Vimentin is an intermediate filament protein that regulates the mechanical and contractile properties of cells, thereby reflecting their mechanical properties. In recent years, the "nonmechanical function" of vimentin inside and outside of cells has attracted extensive attention. The content of vimentin in atherosclerotic plaques is increased, and the serum secretion of vimentin in patients with coronary heart disease is remarkably increased. In this review, the mechanistic and nonmechanistic roles of vimentin in atherosclerosis progression were summarized on the basis of current studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Liang
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Lu Li
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yanmei Chen
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Shulei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaozhi Li
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jinyan Xiao
- YueYang Maternal-Child Medicine Health Hospital Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, University of China South China and Yueyang Women and Children's Medical Center, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Dangheng Wei
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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Bravaccini S, Bronte G, Petracci E, Puccetti M, D'Arcangelo M, Ravaioli S, Tumedei MM, Maltoni R, Delmonte A, Cappuzzo F, Crinò L. The Expression of Programmed Death Ligand 1 and Vimentin in Resected Non-Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Interplay and Prognostic Effects. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:772216. [PMID: 34917615 PMCID: PMC8669606 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.772216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an immune checkpoint with a role in cancer-related immune evasion. It is a target for cancer immunotherapy and its expression is detected for the use of some immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients (NSCLC). Vimentin is a key component of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition phenotype. Its expression has negative prognostic effects in NSCLC. In this study, we retrospectively evaluated PD-L1 and vimentin expression in tumor cells, immune infiltrate and PD-L1 positive immune infiltrate via immunohistochemistry in tissue samples from resected non-metastatic NSCLC patients. We explored the interplay between PD-L1 and vimentin expression through Spearman’s correlation test. We performed univariate analysis through the Cox models for demographic and clinico-pathological variables, and also for dichotomized biomarkers, i.e., PD-L1 and vimentin in tumor cells, both with 1 and 50% cutoffs. We used Kaplan-Meier method to estimate the overall survival, comparing both vimentin and PD-L1 positive patients with all the others. We found a weak positive correlation between PD-L1 and vimentin expressions in tumor cells (r = 0.25; p = 0.001). We also observed a statistically not significant trend towards a shorter overall survival in patients with both PD-L1 and vimentin expression >1% (HR = 1.36; 95% CI: 0.96–1.93, p = 0.087). In conclusion, these findings suggest that interplay between PD-L1 and vimentin may exist in non-metastatic NSCLC patients and the positivity of both markers in tumor tissue is associated with a trend towards a worse prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bravaccini
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bronte
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Petracci
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | | | | | - Sara Ravaioli
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Maria Maddalena Tumedei
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Roberta Maltoni
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Angelo Delmonte
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | | | - Lucio Crinò
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
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Carse S, Lang D, Katz AA, Schäfer G. Exogenous Vimentin Supplementation Transiently Affects Early Steps during HPV16 Pseudovirus Infection. Viruses 2021; 13:v13122471. [PMID: 34960740 PMCID: PMC8703489 DOI: 10.3390/v13122471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding and modulating the early steps in oncogenic Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection has great cancer-preventative potential, as this virus is the etiological agent of virtually all cervical cancer cases and is associated with many other anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. Previous work from our laboratory has identified cell-surface-expressed vimentin as a novel HPV16 pseudovirus (HPV16-PsVs)-binding molecule modulating its infectious potential. To further explore its mode of inhibiting HPV16-PsVs internalisation, we supplemented it with exogenous recombinant human vimentin and show that only the globular form of the molecule (as opposed to the filamentous form) inhibited HPV16-PsVs internalisation in vitro. Further, this inhibitory effect was only transient and not sustained over prolonged incubation times, as demonstrated in vitro and in vivo, possibly due to full-entry molecule engagement by the virions once saturation levels have been reached. The vimentin-mediated delay of HPV16-PsVs internalisation could be narrowed down to affecting multiple steps during the virus’ interaction with the host cell and was found to affect both heparan sulphate proteoglycan (HSPG) binding as well as the subsequent entry receptor complex engagement. Interestingly, decreased pseudovirus internalisation (but not infection) in the presence of vimentin was also demonstrated for oncogenic HPV types 18, 31 and 45. Together, these data demonstrate the potential of vimentin as a modulator of HPV infection which can be used as a tool to study early mechanisms in infectious internalisation. However, further refinement is needed with regard to vimentin’s stabilisation and formulation before its development as an alternative prophylactic means.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinead Carse
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa;
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa;
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Dirk Lang
- Department of Human Biology, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa;
| | - Arieh A. Katz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa;
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- SA-MRC-UCT Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Georgia Schäfer
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa;
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa;
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-21-404-7688
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Bala S, Ganz M, Babuta M, Zhuang Y, Csak T, Calenda CD, Szabo G. Steatosis, inflammasome upregulation, and fibrosis are attenuated in miR-155 deficient mice in a high fat-cholesterol-sugar diet-induced model of NASH. J Transl Med 2021; 101:1540-1549. [PMID: 34453120 PMCID: PMC9272486 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00626-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease globally. miRNAs (miRs) regulate various cellular events that lead to NAFLD. In this study we tested the hypothesis that miR-155 is an important regulator of steatohepatitis and fibrosis pathways. Wild type (WT) or miR-155 deficient (KO) mice received a high fat-high cholesterol-high sugar-diet (HF-HC-HS) for 34 weeks and liver tissues were analyzed. In patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and in the mouse model of HF-HC-HS diet we found increased miR-155 levels in the liver compared to normal livers. Upon HF-HC-HS diet feeding, miR-155 KO mice displayed less liver injury, decreased steatosis, and attenuation in fibrosis compared to WT mice. ALT, triglyceride levels, and genes involved in fatty acid metabolic pathway were increased in WT mice whereas miR-155 KO mice showed attenuation in these parameters. HF-HC-HS diet-induced significant increase in the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components in the livers of WT mice compared to chow fed diet. Compared to WT mice, miR-155 KO showed attenuated induction in the NLRP3, ASC, and caspase1 inflammasome expression on HF-HC-HS diet. Fibrosis markers such as collagen content and deposition, αSMA, Zeb2, and vimentin were all increased in WT mice and miR-155 KO mice showed attenuated fibrosis marker expression. Overall, our findings highlight a role for miR-155 in HF-HC-HS diet-induced steatosis and liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Bala
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, 02215, MA, USA
| | - Michal Ganz
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, 01605, MA, USA
| | - Mrigya Babuta
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, 02215, MA, USA
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, 02215, MA, USA
| | - Timea Csak
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, 01605, MA, USA
| | - Charles D Calenda
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, 02215, MA, USA
| | - Gyongyi Szabo
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, 02215, MA, USA.
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Gan L, Shangguan Q, Zhang F, Tong X, Qi D, Zhao Y, Ye X. HBV HBx-Downregulated lncRNA LINC01010 Attenuates Cell Proliferation by Interacting with Vimentin. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212497. [PMID: 34830378 PMCID: PMC8620790 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is closely related to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. To investigate the mechanism of HBV causing HCC, we previously analyzed the transcription of the HBV-transgenic cell line HepG2-4D14 and parental HepG2 cells and identified a subset of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) differentially expressed between them. In this study, we focus on lncRNA LINC01010, as it is significantly downregulated in HepG2-4D14 cells and in liver tissues of HCC patients, and positively correlated with survival. We found that HBV-encoded HBx can reduce the transcription of LINC01010. Functional analysis showed that the overexpression of LINC01010 inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion of HepG2 cells while the knockdown of LINC01010 promotes these processes. By taking the approach of RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and mass spectrometry, we identified that LINC01010 can interact with vimentin. Further studies demonstrated that LINC01010 negatively affects the vimentin network extension and causes more rapid subunit exchange and lower stability of vimentin filaments. In addition, LINC01010 can reduce the amount of insoluble vimentin within cells, which suggests that LINC01010 interfers with vimentin polymerization. These data indicate that LINC01010 can inhibit the assembly of vimentin filament. Thus, we revealed that HBV HBx-downregulated LINC01010, which suppresses cell proliferation and migration by negatively regulating the formation of vimentin filament. Taken together, LINC01010 is a potential tumor suppressor that may restrain HBV-related HCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Gan
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China; (L.G.); (Q.S.); (F.Z.); (X.T.); (D.Q.)
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qilin Shangguan
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China; (L.G.); (Q.S.); (F.Z.); (X.T.); (D.Q.)
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China; (L.G.); (Q.S.); (F.Z.); (X.T.); (D.Q.)
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaomei Tong
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China; (L.G.); (Q.S.); (F.Z.); (X.T.); (D.Q.)
| | - Dandan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China; (L.G.); (Q.S.); (F.Z.); (X.T.); (D.Q.)
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, No.9 Anxiang Beili, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China;
| | - Xin Ye
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China; (L.G.); (Q.S.); (F.Z.); (X.T.); (D.Q.)
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-64807508
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Villarreal R, Manzer HS, Keestra-Gounder AM, Doran KS. Vimentin Regulates Chemokine Expression and NOD2 Activation in Brain Endothelium during Group B Streptococcal Infection. Infect Immun 2021; 89:e0034021. [PMID: 34491787 DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00340-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae (group B Streptococcus, or GBS) is an opportunistic pathogen capable of causing invasive disease in susceptible individuals, including the newborn. Currently, GBS is the leading cause of meningitis in the neonatal period. We have recently shown that GBS interacts directly with host type III intermediate filament vimentin to gain access to the central nervous system. This results in characteristic meningeal inflammation and disease progression; however, the specific role of vimentin in the inflammatory process is unknown. Here, we investigate the contribution of vimentin to the pathogenesis of GBS meningitis. We show that a CRISPR-targeted deletion of vimentin in human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (hCMEC) reduced GBS induction of neutrophil attractants interleukin-8 (IL-8) and CXCL-1 as well as NF-κB activation. We further show that inhibition of vimentin localization also prevented similar chemokine activation by GBS. One known chemokine regulator is the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing protein 2 (NOD2), which is known to interact directly with vimentin. Thus, we hypothesized that NOD2 would also promote GBS chemokine induction. We show that GBS infection induced NOD2 transcription in hCMEC comparably to the muramyl dipeptide (MDP) NOD2 agonist, and the chemokine induction was reduced in the presence of a NOD2 inhibitor. Using a mouse model of GBS meningitis, we also observed increased NOD2 transcript and NOD2 activation in brain tissue of infected mice. Lastly, we show that NOD2-mediated IL-8 and CXCL1 induction required vimentin, further indicating the importance of vimentin in mediating inflammatory responses in brain endothelium.
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Murano C, Suzuki S, Nakamura S, Takeda H, Fukui T, Yoshioka T. Vimentin-positive and Alpha-fetoprotein-elevated Nuclear Protein of the Testis Midline Carcinoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Intern Med 2021; 60:3645-3649. [PMID: 34053984 PMCID: PMC8666212 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.7019-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear protein of the testis (NUT) midline carcinoma (NMC) is a rare malignant tumor expressing NUT with BRD4/3 rearrangements and is sometimes misdiagnosed as germinoma, especially in alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-elevated cases. A 28-year-old man had a mediastinal tumor with multiple bone metastases and elevated AFP levels. Imaging/laboratory findings led to a pathological diagnosis of extragonadal germinoma. After unsuccessful treatment with etoposide-cisplatin, he was re-diagnosed with sarcoma due to vimentin-positive findings. He was treated with adriamycin-ifosfamide, which resulted in disease-control. A posthumous examination clarified the NUT rearrangement. Even in cases with characteristic findings, such as elevated AFP levels and vimentin positivity, NMC should be considered as a differential diagnosis. We note, however, that adriamycin-ifosfamide has some efficacy in such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Murano
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Shuhei Suzuki
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Sho Nakamura
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takeda
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tadahisa Fukui
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takashi Yoshioka
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
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131
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Abstract
The ability to remember a previous encounter with pathogens was long thought to be a key feature of the adaptive immune system enabling the host to mount a faster, more specific and more effective immune response upon the reencounter, reducing the severity of infectious diseases. Over the last 15 years, an increasing amount of evidence has accumulated showing that the innate immune system also has features of a memory. In contrast to the memory of adaptive immunity, innate immune memory is mediated by restructuration of the active chromatin landscape and imprinted by persisting adaptations of myelopoiesis. While originally described to occur in response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns, recent data indicate that host-derived damage-associated molecular patterns, i.e. alarmins, can also induce an innate immune memory. Potentially this is mediated by the same pattern recognition receptors and downstream signaling transduction pathways responsible for pathogen-associated innate immune training. Here, we summarize the available experimental data underlying innate immune memory in response to damage-associated molecular patterns. Further, we expound that trained immunity is a general component of innate immunity and outline several open questions for the rising field of pathogen-independent trained immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Jentho
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Inflammation Laboratory, Oeiras, Portugal.,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Sebastian Weis
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany.,Institute for Infectious Disease and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
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132
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Wang Q, Zhu G, Lin C, Lin P, Chen H, He R, Huang Y, Yang S, Ye J. Vimentin affects colorectal cancer proliferation, invasion, and migration via regulated by activator protein 1. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7591-7604. [PMID: 34041752 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Uncontrolled recurrence and metastasis are important reasons for the high mortality rate of malignant tumors. Vimentin is positively correlated with the degree of malignancy of cancer cells. Vimentin is also highly expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and plays a critical role in the metastasis and prognosis of CRC. However, the molecular mechanism of vimentin in the progression of CRC is incompletely understood. Therefore, the most active regions (nucleotides: 785-1085 nt) of the vimentin promoter in CRC were identified using luciferase experiments. By transcription factor sequence search and mutation analysis, the activator protein 1 (AP-1) binding site in the region of 785-1085 nt was confirmed. The vimentin promoter activity was enhanced by overexpression of AP-1. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed that the binding site was recognized by AP-1. By cell proliferation assay, colony-forming assay, scratch-wound assay, cell migration assay, and cell invasion assay, we demonstrated that the AP-1 overexpression increased CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. However, when vimentin was knocked down by vimentin small hairpin RNA in the CRC cell of AP-1 overexpression, this trend disappeared. Animal experiments and immunohistochemistry showed that AP-1 promoted tumor growth by regulating the vimentin gene. In summary, AP-1 affected metastasis, invasion of CRC cells in vitro, and tumor growth in vivo by activating the vimentin promoter. This study might provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of the development of CRC and provide potential therapeutic targets for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2 Section, Fujian Abdominal Surgery Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guangwei Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2 Section, Fujian Abdominal Surgery Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chunlin Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2 Section, Fujian Abdominal Surgery Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Penghang Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2 Section, Fujian Abdominal Surgery Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2 Section, Fujian Abdominal Surgery Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ruofan He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2 Section, Fujian Abdominal Surgery Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yongjian Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2 Section, Fujian Abdominal Surgery Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shugang Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2 Section, Fujian Abdominal Surgery Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianxin Ye
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2 Section, Fujian Abdominal Surgery Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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133
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Zhang D, Zhuang R, Li J, Lv Y, Yang X, Pan W, Zhang X. MicroSPECT Imaging-Guided Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice with a Vimentin-Targeting 99mTc-Labeled N-Acetylglucosamine-Polyethyleneimine. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:4140-4147. [PMID: 34657437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrotic disease with poor prognosis. Evidence has shown that vimentin is a key regulator of lung fibrogenesis. 99mTc-labeled N-acetylglucosamine-polyethyleneimine (NAG-PEI), a vimentin-targeting radiotracer, was used for the early diagnosis of IPF, and NAG-PEI was also used as a therapeutic small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery vector for the treatment of IPF in this study. Single-photon emission-computed tomography (SPECT) imaging of bleomycin (BM)- and silica-induced IPF mice with 99mTc-labeled NAG-PEI was performed to visualize pulmonary fibrosis and monitor the treatment efficiency of siRNA-loaded NAG-PEI, lipopolysaccharide (LPS, a tolerogenic adjuvant), or zymosan (ZYM, an immunostimulant). The lung uptakes of 99mTc-NAG-PEI in the BM- and silica-induced IPF mice were clearly and directly correlated with IPF progression. The lung uptake of 99mTc-NAG-PEI in the NAG-PEI/TGF-β1-siRNA treatment group or LPS treatment group was evidently lower than that in the control group, while the lung uptake of 99mTc-NAG-PEI was significantly higher in the ZYM treatment group compared to that in the control group. These results demonstrate that NAG-PEI is a potent MicroSPECT imaging-guided theranostic platform for IPF diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Rongqiang Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jindian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yuting Lv
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.,School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.,School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Weimin Pan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xianzhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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134
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Nethisinghe S, Abeti R, Kesavan M, Wigley WC, Giunti P. Hsp90 Inhibition: A Promising Therapeutic Approach for ARSACS. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11722. [PMID: 34769152 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by mutations in the SACS gene, encoding the 520 kDa modular protein sacsin, which comprises multiple functional sequence domains that suggest a role either as a scaffold in protein folding or in proteostasis. Cells from patients with ARSACS display a distinct phenotype including altered organisation of the intermediate filament cytoskeleton and a hyperfused mitochondrial network where mitochondrial respiration is compromised. Here, we used vimentin bundling as a biomarker of sacsin function to test the therapeutic potential of Hsp90 inhibition with the C-terminal-domain-targeted compound KU-32, which has demonstrated mitochondrial activity. This study shows that ARSACS patient cells have significantly increased vimentin bundling compared to control, and this was also present in ARSACS carriers despite them being asymptomatic. We found that KU-32 treatment significantly reduced vimentin bundling in carrier and patient cells. We also found that cells from patients with ARSACS were unable to maintain mitochondrial membrane potential upon challenge with mitotoxins, and that the electron transport chain function was restored upon KU-32 treatment. Our preliminary findings presented here suggest that targeting the heat-shock response by Hsp90 inhibition alleviates vimentin bundling and may represent a promising area for the development of therapeutics for ARSACS.
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135
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Li Z, Wu J, Zhou J, Yuan B, Chen J, Wu W, Mo L, Qu Z, Zhou F, Dong Y, Huang K, Liu Z, Wang T, Symmes D, Gu J, Sho E, Zhang J, Chen R, Xu Y. A Vimentin-Targeting Oral Compound with Host-Directed Antiviral and Anti-Inflammatory Actions Addresses Multiple Features of COVID-19 and Related Diseases. mBio 2021; 12:e0254221. [PMID: 34634931 PMCID: PMC8510534 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02542-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Damage in COVID-19 results from both the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its triggered overactive host immune responses. Therapeutic agents that focus solely on reducing viral load or hyperinflammation fail to provide satisfying outcomes in all cases. Although viral and cellular factors have been extensively profiled to identify potential anti-COVID-19 targets, new drugs with significant efficacy remain to be developed. Here, we report the potent preclinical efficacy of ALD-R491, a vimentin-targeting small molecule compound, in treating COVID-19 through its host-directed antiviral and anti-inflammatory actions. We found that by altering the physical properties of vimentin filaments, ALD-491 affected general cellular processes as well as specific cellular functions relevant to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Specifically, ALD-R491 reduced endocytosis, endosomal trafficking, and exosomal release, thus impeding the entry and egress of the virus; increased the microcidal capacity of macrophages, thus facilitating the pathogen clearance; and enhanced the activity of regulatory T cells, therefore suppressing the overactive immune responses. In cultured cells, ALD-R491 potently inhibited the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and human ACE2-mediated pseudoviral infection. In aged mice with ongoing, productive SARS-CoV-2 infection, ALD-R491 reduced disease symptoms as well as lung damage. In rats, ALD-R491 also reduced bleomycin-induced lung injury and fibrosis. Our results indicate a unique mechanism and significant therapeutic potential for ALD-R491 against COVID-19. We anticipate that ALD-R491, an oral, fast-acting, and non-cytotoxic agent targeting the cellular protein with multipart actions, will be convenient, safe, and broadly effective, regardless of viral mutations, for patients with early- or late-stage disease, post-COVID-19 complications, and other related diseases. IMPORTANCE With the Delta variant currently fueling a resurgence of new infections in the fully vaccinated population, developing an effective therapeutic drug is especially critical and urgent in fighting COVID-19. In contrast to the many efforts to repurpose existing drugs or address only one aspect of COVID-19, we are developing a novel agent with first-in-class mechanisms of action that address both the viral infection and the overactive immune system in the pathogenesis of the disease. Unlike virus-directed therapeutics that may lose efficacy due to viral mutations, and immunosuppressants that require ideal timing to be effective, this agent, with its unique host-directed antiviral and anti-inflammatory actions, can work against all variants of the virus, be effective during all stages of the disease, and even resolve post-disease damage and complications. Further development of the compound will provide an important tool in the fight against COVID-19 and its complications, as well as future outbreaks of new viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhen Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianping Wu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Luoda Biosciences, Inc., Chuzhou, Anhui, China
| | - Ji Zhou
- Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Baoshi Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiqiao Chen
- KCI Biotech (Suzhou) Inc., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanchen Wu
- Joinn Laboratories (Suzhou), Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lian Mo
- Aluda Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Zhipeng Qu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingying Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Deebie Symmes
- Aluda Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Jingliang Gu
- Joinn Laboratories (Suzhou), Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Eiketsu Sho
- KCI Biotech (Suzhou) Inc., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingping Zhang
- Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruihuan Chen
- Luoda Biosciences, Inc., Chuzhou, Anhui, China
- Aluda Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Ying Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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136
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Ireton K, Mortuza R, Gyanwali GC, Gianfelice A, Hussain M. Role of internalin proteins in the pathogenesis of Listeria monocytogenes. Mol Microbiol 2021; 116:1407-1419. [PMID: 34704304 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne bacterium that causes gastroenteritis, meningitis, or abortion. L. monocytogenes induces its internalization (entry) into human cells and either spreads laterally in tissues or transcytoses to traverse anatomical barriers. In this review, we discuss mechanisms by which five structurally related proteins of the "internalin" family of L. monocytogenes (InlA, InlB, InlC, InlF, and InlP) interact with distinct host receptors to promote infection of human cells and/or crossing of the intestinal, blood-brain, or placental barriers. We focus on recent results demonstrating that the internalin proteins InlA, InlB, and InlC exploit exocytic pathways to stimulate transcytosis, entry, or cell-to-cell spread, respectively. We also discuss evidence that InlA-mediated transcytosis contributes to traversal of the intestinal barrier, whereas InlF promotes entry into endothelial cells to breach the blood-brain barrier. InlB also facilitates the crossing of the blood-brain barrier, but does so by extending the longevity of infected monocytes that may subsequently act as a "Trojan horse" to transfer bacteria to the brain. InlA, InlB, and InlP each contribute to fetoplacental infection by targeting syncytiotrophoblast or cytotrophoblast layers of the placenta. This work highlights the diverse functions of internalins and the complex mechanisms by which these structurally related proteins contribute to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Ireton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Roman Mortuza
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Antonella Gianfelice
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Mazhar Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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137
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Buzoianu-Anguiano V, Torres-Llacsa M, Doncel-Pérez E. Role of Aldynoglia Cells in Neuroinflammatory and Neuroimmune Responses after Spinal Cord Injury. Cells 2021; 10:2783. [PMID: 34685763 PMCID: PMC8534338 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldynoglia are growth-promoting cells with a morphology similar to radial glia and share properties and markers with astrocytes and Schwann cells. They are distributed in several locations throughout the adult central nervous system, where the cells of the aldynoglia interact and respond to the signals of the immune cells. After spinal cord injury (SCI), the functions of resident aldynoglia, identified as ependymocytes, tanycytes, and ependymal stem cells (EpSCs) of the spinal cord are crucial for the regeneration of spinal neural tissue. These glial cells facilitate axonal regrowth and remyelination of injured axons. Here, we review the influence of M1 or M2 macrophage/microglia subpopulations on the fate of EpSCs during neuroinflammation and immune responses in the acute, subacute, and chronic phases after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mabel Torres-Llacsa
- Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain;
| | - Ernesto Doncel-Pérez
- Grupo de Química Neuro-Regenerativa, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain;
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138
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Wadie KW, Bashir MH, Abbass MMS. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gingival tissues from chronic periodontitis patients: A case-control study. Dent Med Probl 2021; 58:311-319. [PMID: 34597477 DOI: 10.17219/dmp/133514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been proposed that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is responsible for the pathogenesis of several diseases. However, the relationship between the EMT process and the severity of periodontitis has not been previously investigated. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to localize and quantitatively assess the expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), vimentin and E-cadherin in correlation with the EMT process in human gingiva of periodontally diseased patients in comparison with halthy individuals. MATERIAL AND METHODS Gingival tissue samples from 36 participants were divided into 2 groups: the healthy (control) group (n = 9); and the periodontitis group (n = 27). The periodontitis group was further subclassified into mild, moderate and severe periodontitis subgroups (9 patients in each subgroup). The samples were subjected to histological staining, the histomorphometric analysis and the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT‑PCR) analysis for TGF-β, vimentin and E-catherin. Statistical and correlation analyses were performed. RESULTS The hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain sections from both the moderate and severe periodontitis subgroups showed epithelial hyperplasia, perinuclear haloing and a marked increase in the inflammatory cell count as compared to the control group. The highest mean TGF-β1 and vimentin expression values were recorded in the severe periodontitis subgroup, whereas the lowest mean values were recorded in the control gingiva. On the contrary, the expression of E-catherin had the highest mean value in the control gingiva, whereas the lowest mean value was recorded in the severe periodontitis subgroup. All results were found to be statistically significant. The correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant positive correlation between the severity of periodontitis and the expression of TGF-β and vimentin, while a statistically significant inverse correlation was found between the expression of E-catherin and the severity of periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS There is a direct correlation between the severity of periodontitis and the expression of the EMT process markers (TGF-β and vimentin). This correlation indicates that EMT plays an important role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of periodontal disease. The data presented in this study could open the door for using anti-EMT agents in treating periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Wasfi Wadie
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Hassan Bashir
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt
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Wardhani BWK, Louisa M, Watanabe Y, Setiabudy R, Kato M. TGF-β-Induced TMEPAI Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Doxorubicin-Treated Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells via SMAD3 and PI3K/AKT Pathway Alteration. Breast Cancer (Dove Med Press) 2021; 13:529-538. [PMID: 34584450 PMCID: PMC8464328 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s325429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and overexpression of drug efflux transporters have been reported to cause doxorubicin resistance. Our previous study indicated that TMEPAI (transmembrane prostate androgen-induced protein) attenuated doxorubicin sensitivity in triple-negative breast cancer cells. However, how TMEPAI contributes to doxorubicin resistance in TNBC remains unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of TMEPAI in doxorubicin resistance in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Methods We used BT549, triple-negative cells wild type (WT), and BT549 TMEPAI knock-out. Both cells were treated with TGF-β 2 ng/mL for 24 hours, followed by TGF-β 2 ng/mL and doxorubicin 12.9 nM for another 24 hours. Afterward, the cells were harvested and counted. Cells were further lysed and used for RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. We determined the expression levels of proliferation, apoptosis, EMT markers, and drug efflux transporters. Additionally, we investigated the expressions of PI3K as well as SMAD3 and AKT phosphorylation. Results TNBC cells were shown to be less sensitive to doxorubicin in the presence of TMEPAI. TMEPAI was shown to alleviate the mRNA expressions of apoptosis markers: Bax, Bcl2, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9. Our results indicated that the presence of TMEPAI greatly amplifies EMT and increases drug efflux transporter expressions after doxorubicin treatment. Furthermore, our findings demonstrated that TMEPAI reduced the action of doxorubicin in inhibiting SMAD3 phosphorylation. TMEPAI was also shown to modify the effect of doxorubicin by reducing PI3K expressions and Akt phosphorylation in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Conclusion Our findings indicate that TMEPAI promotes EMT and drug efflux transporters at least in part by shifting doxorubicin action from SMAD3 phosphorylation reduction to PI3K/AKT inhibition in triple-negative breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bantari W K Wardhani
- Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Military Pharmacy, Indonesia Defense University, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Melva Louisa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yukihide Watanabe
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Rianto Setiabudy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Mitsuyasu Kato
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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140
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Hernández-Guzmán C, Gallego-Gutiérrez H, Chávez-Munguía B, Martín-Tapia D, González-Mariscal L. Zonula occludens 2 and Cell-Cell Contacts Are Required for Normal Nuclear Shape in Epithelia. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102568. [PMID: 34685547 PMCID: PMC8534263 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
MAGUK protein ZO-2 is present at tight junctions (TJs) and nuclei. In MDCK ZO-2 knockdown (KD) cells, nuclei exhibit an irregular shape with lobules and indentations. This condition correlates with an increase in DNA double strand breaks, however cells are not senescent and instead become resistant to UV-induced senescence. The irregular nuclear shape is also observed in isolated cells and in those without TJs, due to the lack of extracellular calcium. The aberrant nuclear shape of ZO-2 KD cells is not accompanied by a reduced expression of lamins A/C and B and lamin B receptors. Instead, it involves a decrease in constitutive and facultative heterochromatin, and microtubule instability that is restored with docetaxel. ZO-2 KD cells over-express SUN-1 that crosses the inner nuclear membrane and connects the nucleoskeleton of lamin A to nesprins, which traverse the outer nuclear membrane. Nesprins-3 and -4 that indirectly bind on their cytoplasmic face to vimentin and microtubules, respectively, are also over-expressed in ZO-2 KD cells, whereas vimentin is depleted. SUN-1 and lamin B1 co-immunoprecipitate with ZO-2, and SUN-1 associates to ZO-2 in a pull-down assay. Our results suggest that ZO-2 forms a complex with SUN-1 and lamin B1 at the inner nuclear membrane, and that ZO-2 and cell–cell contacts are required for a normal nuclear shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hernández-Guzmán
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Ave IPN 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico; (C.H.-G.); (H.G.-G.); (D.M.-T.)
| | - Helios Gallego-Gutiérrez
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Ave IPN 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico; (C.H.-G.); (H.G.-G.); (D.M.-T.)
| | - Bibiana Chávez-Munguía
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Ave IPN 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico;
| | - Dolores Martín-Tapia
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Ave IPN 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico; (C.H.-G.); (H.G.-G.); (D.M.-T.)
| | - Lorenza González-Mariscal
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Ave IPN 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico; (C.H.-G.); (H.G.-G.); (D.M.-T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-5747-3966
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141
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Han SY, Park SH, Ko HS, Jang A, Seo HI, Lee SJ, Kim GH, Kim DU. Vimentin-Positive Circulating Tumor Cells as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Patients with Biliary Tract Cancer. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10194435. [PMID: 34640452 PMCID: PMC8509386 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biliary tract cancer (BTC) has poor prognosis; thus, early diagnosis is important to decrease mortality. Although vimentin-positive circulating tumor cells (V-CTCs) are a good candidate for diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, studies on the topic are limited. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of V-CTCs between BTC and benign biliary disease (BBD) and determine the prognostic value of V-CTCs in BTC patients. We recruited 69 participants who had BTCs and BBDs from a single tertiary referral center. We analyzed CTCs and V-CTCs in peripheral blood using the CD-PRIMETM system. Seven patients were excluded due to a technical failure of CTC detection. CTCs were detected in all 62 patients. CTC count > 40/mL blood (55.8% vs. 20%, p = 0.039), V-CTC count > 15/mL blood (57.7% vs. 10%, p = 0.005), and V-CTC/CTC ratio > 40% (48.1% vs. 10%, p = 0.025) were significantly different between BTCs and BBDs. Two or more of these three parameters (61.5% vs. 10%, p = 0.002) increased the accuracy. A combination of CTC markers with CA19-9 and biopsy increased the accuracy (90.4% vs. 10%, p = 0.000). V-CTC > 50/mL blood was a significant factor affecting survival (140 (66.6–213.3) vs. 253 (163.9–342.1) days, p = 0.008). V-CTC could be a potential biomarker for early diagnosis and predicting prognosis in patients with BTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Yong Han
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Busan 49241, Korea; (S.Y.H.); (S.H.P.); (H.S.K.); (G.H.K.)
| | - Sung Hee Park
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Busan 49241, Korea; (S.Y.H.); (S.H.P.); (H.S.K.); (G.H.K.)
| | - Hyun Suk Ko
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Busan 49241, Korea; (S.Y.H.); (S.H.P.); (H.S.K.); (G.H.K.)
| | - Aelee Jang
- Department of Nursing, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea;
| | - Hyung Il Seo
- Department of Surgery, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Busan 49241, Korea;
| | - So Jeong Lee
- Department of Pathology, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Busan 49241, Korea;
| | - Gwang Ha Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Busan 49241, Korea; (S.Y.H.); (S.H.P.); (H.S.K.); (G.H.K.)
| | - Dong Uk Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Busan 49241, Korea; (S.Y.H.); (S.H.P.); (H.S.K.); (G.H.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-240-7869 or +82-10-2693-9720
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Marinopoulos AE, Ayres SC, Biswas S, Huang X, Mantena SR, Peterson RA, Fossey SL. Optimization of decalcification techniques for histologic examination of the rat maxillary and mandibular incisors for toxicity studies. J Histotechnol 2021; 45:2-9. [PMID: 34556002 DOI: 10.1080/01478885.2021.1974780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to provide optimized processing for examination of rat incisors in nonclinical toxicity studies that enables analysis using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Rat maxillas and mandibles were decalcified in Immunocal, a formic acid decalcifier, and Decal Stat, a hydrochloric acid decalcifier, to evaluate tissue quality when with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain and an IHC. Following necropsy of 10 to 13-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats, tissues were collected, trimmed, fixed in neutral buffered formalin (NBF), and placed into the corresponding decalcifying solution. After a pilot study with multiple timepoints for both decalcifying solutions, times were selected for the definitive study. Incisors in the definitive study were decalcified for 72, 96 or 120 hours in Immunocal and 24 hours in Decal Stat, trimmed, processed, embedded in paraffin, and sectioned. The microtomy process and sections were evaluated by histotechnologists. Sections were stained withH&E or an IHC to detect vimentin. Veterinary pathologists used blinded assessment to evaluate staining and tissue quality. The H&E sections from Immunocal timepoints scored higher based on criteria such as cellular morphology. However, tissue quality decreased at 120 hours with Immunocal but was adequate after 24 hours with Decal Stat. For IHC, moderate to excellent expression of vimentin was observed at timepoints for both decalcifiers. Optimal tissue sectioning and histological quality were achieved on incisor sections decalcified for 96 hours with Immunocal and 24 hours with Decal Stat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xin Huang
- Discovery and Exploratory Statistics, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA
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Hineno A, Oyanagi K, Yoshida T, Sakai Y, Kanno H, Sekijima Y. Spread of vimentin-immunoreactive cells within the plaque-like lesion in the spinal anterior horn of a patient with post-poliomyelitis syndrome. Neuropathology 2021; 41:406-411. [PMID: 34541709 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A Japanese man in the present study experienced acute weakness in his right leg as a two year old. The strength in his leg gradually recovered and developed, and he could play golf and climb mountains up to around the age of 50. From approximately 55 years of age, he became unable to stand up from a stooped position. Muscle weakness and atrophy spread to his right arm, and an electromyography revealed a neurogenic pattern in his lower and upper extremities. The patient was diagnosed as having post-poliomyelitis syndrome (PPS). Numbness in both the legs and pain in the buttocks occurred after 60 years of age. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging at that time revealed spondylosis and protrusion of an osteophye in lower thoracic vertebrae compressing the second lumbar segment of the spinal cord. He died of malignant lymphoma and acute interstitial pneumonia at 80 years of age. Pathological examination revealed transverse myelopathy at the second lumbar segment of the spinal cord and total necrosis. The anterior horn and the intermediate zone of the third and fourth lumbar segments of the spinal cord on the right side were atrophic and diffusely gliotic. An oval-shaped plaque-like lesion was observed in the right anterior horn at the third and fourth lumbar segments of the spinal cord. Neurons and synaptophysin immunoreactivity had completely disappeared in the plaque-like lesion. A striking spread of vimentin-immunoreactive cells was found corresponding to the lesion, while glial fibrillary acidic protein-immunoreactive astrocytes existed evenly in the anterior horn and intermediate zone on both sides of the third and fourth lumber segments of the spinal cord. Virological examination using the autopsied materials was negative for poliovirus. Neither transactivation response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa-immunoreactive inclusion nor Bunina body was seen in the spinal cord. The present paper demonstrates new findings of a noteworthy response of the vimentin-immunoreactive cells within the peculiar "plaque-like lesion" in the PPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiyo Hineno
- Department of Medicine (Neurology and Rheumatology), Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Intractable Disease Care Center, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Kiyomitsu Oyanagi
- Department of Brain Disease Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takuhiro Yoshida
- Department of Medicine (Neurology and Rheumatology), Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Sakai
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kanno
- Department of Pathology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sekijima
- Department of Medicine (Neurology and Rheumatology), Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
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144
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Vermeire PJ, Stalmans G, Lilina AV, Fiala J, Novak P, Herrmann H, Strelkov SV. Molecular Interactions Driving Intermediate Filament Assembly. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092457. [PMID: 34572105 PMCID: PMC8466517 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the role of intermediate filaments (IFs) in normal cell physiology and scores of IF-linked diseases, the importance of understanding their molecular structure is beyond doubt. Research into the IF structure was initiated more than 30 years ago, and some important advances have been made. Using crystallography and other methods, the central coiled-coil domain of the elementary dimer and also the structural basis of the soluble tetramer formation have been studied to atomic precision. However, the molecular interactions driving later stages of the filament assembly are still not fully understood. For cytoplasmic IFs, much of the currently available insight is due to chemical cross-linking experiments that date back to the 1990s. This technique has since been radically improved, and several groups have utilized it recently to obtain data on lamin filament assembly. Here, we will summarize these findings and reflect on the remaining open questions and challenges of IF structure. We argue that, in addition to X-ray crystallography, chemical cross-linking and cryoelectron microscopy are the techniques that should enable major new advances in the field in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter-Jan Vermeire
- Laboratory for Biocrystallography, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (P.-J.V.); (G.S.); (A.V.L.)
| | - Giel Stalmans
- Laboratory for Biocrystallography, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (P.-J.V.); (G.S.); (A.V.L.)
| | - Anastasia V. Lilina
- Laboratory for Biocrystallography, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (P.-J.V.); (G.S.); (A.V.L.)
| | - Jan Fiala
- Department of Biochemistry, Charles University, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.F.); (P.N.)
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Novak
- Department of Biochemistry, Charles University, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.F.); (P.N.)
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Harald Herrmann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Sergei V. Strelkov
- Laboratory for Biocrystallography, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (P.-J.V.); (G.S.); (A.V.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-1633-0845
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Xu YQ, Bao QY, Yu SX, Liu Q, Xie Y, Li X, Liu YJ, Shen YH. A Novel Microfluidic Chip for Fast, Sensitive Quantification of Plasma Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers in Patients With Osteosarcoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:709255. [PMID: 34527582 PMCID: PMC8437394 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.709255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma circulating extracellular vesicle (EV) has emerged as a promising biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of various epithelial tumors. However, fast and efficient capture of EVs with microfluidic chip in sarcoma remains to be established. Herein, we reported a ZnO-nanorods integrated (ZNI) microfluidic chip, where EV capture antibody was uniformly grafted to the surface of the ZnO-nanorods of the chip to enhance the plasma turbulence formation and the capture efficiency at the micro-scale. Based on osteosarcoma (OS) cell line, we demonstrated that a combination of CD81 and CD63 antibody on ZNI chip yielded the greatest amount of total EVs, with an extra sensitive limit of detection (LOD) of ~104 particles mL-1. Furthermore, the addition of fluorescent labeling of Vimentin (VIM), a previously reported sarcoma cell surface biomarker, could enabled the dual visualization of total plasma EVs and VIM-positive EVs from OS patients' plasma. Based on our ZNI chip, we found that the amount of plasma total EVs was significantly different between OS and healthy donors (1562 a.u. versus 639 a.u., p< 0.05), but not between metastatic and nonmetastatic OS (p> 0.05). Interestingly, patients with metastatic disease had a significantly greater amount of VIM-positive EVs (1411 a.u. versus 231 a.u.., p< 0.05) and increased VIM-positive/total EVs ratio (0.943 versus 0.211, p< 0.05) in comparison with the nonmetastatic counterpart. Therefore, our ZNI microfluidic chip has great potential for the fast quantification of plasma EVs, and the microfluidic-based quantification of total and VIM-positive EVs might serve as a promising biomarker for the diagnosis and surveillance in OS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Qi Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-Yuan Bao
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sai-Xi Yu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Li
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Jun Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Hui Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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146
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Baldini E, Tuccilli C, Pironi D, Catania A, Tartaglia F, Di Matteo FM, Palumbo P, Arcieri S, Mascagni D, Palazzini G, Tripodi D, Maturo A, Vergine M, Tarroni D, Lori E, Ferent IC, De Vito C, Fallahi P, Antonelli A, Censi S, D’Armiento M, Barollo S, Mian C, Morrone A, D’Andrea V, Sorrenti S, Ulisse S. Expression and Clinical Utility of Transcription Factors Involved in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition during Thyroid Cancer Progression. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10184076. [PMID: 34575184 PMCID: PMC8469282 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10184076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factors involved in epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT-TFs) silence the genes expressed in epithelial cells (e.g., E-cadherin) while inducing those typical of mesenchymal cells (e.g., vimentin). The core set of EMT-TFs comprises Zeb1, Zeb2, Snail1, Snail2, and Twist1. To date, information concerning their expression profile and clinical utility during thyroid cancer (TC) progression is still incomplete. We evaluated the EMT-TF, E-cadherin, and vimentin mRNA levels in 95 papillary TC (PTC) and 12 anaplastic TC (ATC) tissues and correlated them with patients’ clinicopathological parameters. Afterwards, we corroborated our findings by analyzing the data provided by a case study of the TGCA network. Compared with normal tissues, the expression of E-cadherin was found reduced in PTC and more strongly in ATC, while the vimentin expression did not vary. Among the EMT-TFs analyzed, Twist1 seems to exert a prominent role in EMT, being significantly associated with a number of PTC high-risk clinicopathological features and upregulated in ATC. Nonetheless, in the multivariate analysis, none of the EMT-TFs displayed a prognostic value. These data suggest that TC progression is characterized by an incomplete EMT and that Twist1 may represent a valuable therapeutic target warranting further investigation for the treatment of more aggressive thyroid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enke Baldini
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Chiara Tuccilli
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Daniele Pironi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Antonio Catania
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Francesco Tartaglia
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Filippo Maria Di Matteo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Piergaspare Palumbo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Stefano Arcieri
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Domenico Mascagni
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Giorgio Palazzini
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Domenico Tripodi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Alessandro Maturo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Massimo Vergine
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Danilo Tarroni
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Eleonora Lori
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Iulia Catalina Ferent
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Corrado De Vito
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Poupak Fallahi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (P.F.); (A.A.)
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (P.F.); (A.A.)
| | - Simona Censi
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (S.C.); (S.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Matteo D’Armiento
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (M.D.); (A.M.)
| | - Susy Barollo
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (S.C.); (S.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Caterina Mian
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (S.C.); (S.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Aldo Morrone
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (M.D.); (A.M.)
| | - Vito D’Andrea
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Salvatore Sorrenti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Salvatore Ulisse
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (C.T.); (D.P.); (A.C.); (F.T.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.P.); (S.A.); (D.M.); (G.P.); (D.T.); (A.M.); (M.V.); (D.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence:
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147
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Korolowicz KE, Suresh M, Li B, Huang X, Yon C, Kallakury BV, Lee KP, Park S, Kim YW, Menne S. Combination Treatment with the Vimentin-Targeting Antibody hzVSF and Tenofovir Suppresses Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus Infection in Woodchucks. Cells 2021; 10:2321. [PMID: 34571970 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Current treatment options for patients infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) are suboptimal, because the approved drugs rarely induce cure due to the persistence of the viral DNA genome in the nucleus of infected hepatocytes, and are associated with either severe side effects (pegylated interferon-alpha) or require life-long administration (nucleos(t)ide analogs). We report here the evaluation of the safety and therapeutic efficacy of a novel, humanized antibody (hzVSF) in the woodchuck model of HBV infection. hzVSF has been shown to act as a viral entry inhibitor, most likely by suppressing vimentin-mediated endocytosis of virions. Targeting the increased vimentin expression on liver cells by hzVSF after infection with HBV or woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) was demonstrated initially. Thereafter, hzVSF safety was assessed in eight woodchucks naïve for WHV infection. Antiviral efficacy of hzVSF was evaluated subsequently in 24 chronic WHV carrier woodchucks by monotreatment with three ascending doses and in combination with tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF). Consistent with the proposed blocking of WHV reinfection, intravenous hzVSF administration for 12 weeks resulted in a modest but transient reduction of viral replication and associated liver inflammation. In combination with oral TAF dosing, the antiviral effect of hzVSF was enhanced and sustained in half of the woodchucks with an antibody response to viral proteins. Thus, hzVSF safely but modestly alters chronic WHV infection in woodchucks; however, as a combination partner to TAF, its antiviral efficacy is markedly increased. The results of this preclinical study support future evaluation of this novel anti-HBV drug in patients.
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148
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FURUSAWA Y, TAKAHASHI M, SHIMA-SAWA M, HATAI H, MIYOSHI N, YAMATO O, YABUKI A. Immunocytochemical evaluation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in epithelial tumors of dogs and cats. J Vet Med Sci 2021; 83:1363-1368. [PMID: 34234057 PMCID: PMC8498836 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in metastasis of epithelial tumors; however, it is challenging to detect EMT by cytology. In the present study, EMT was visualized by fluorescence-immunocytochemistry (FICC). Air-dried smears from epithelial tumors of dogs (n=22) and cats (n=9) were stained using mouse monoclonal anti-E-cadherin and rabbit monoclonal anti-vimentin antibodies. Enzymatic immunohistochemistry (IHC) revealed that 51.6% (8/22 in dogs, 8/9 in cats) of the cases showed EMT. In dogs, FICC could detect EMT in 62.5% (5/8) of those cases. In cats, FICC could detect EMT in 100% (8/8) of the cases. In conclusion, the present FICC method could successfully detect EMT using conventional air-dried cytology smear slides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu FURUSAWA
- Kagoshima University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Masashi TAKAHASHI
- Kagoshima University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Mariko SHIMA-SAWA
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Hitoshi HATAI
- Laboratory of Veterinary Histopathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Noriaki MIYOSHI
- Laboratory of Veterinary Histopathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Osamu YAMATO
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Akira YABUKI
- Kagoshima University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
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149
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Zhou G. The Effect and Potential Mechanism of microRNA-124 on the Biological Behavior of Colon Cancer Cells. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2021; 51:646-653. [PMID: 34686506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the expression of microRNA-124 (miR-124) in colon cancer and its biological function in colon cancer cells as well as its underlying mechanism. METHODS Mimic miR-124 and unrelated sequence were transfected into colon cancer HT29 cells, and a blank control group was established with untreated HT29 cells. The expression of miR-124 in each group was detected by qRT-PCR. CCK-8 assay, cell scratch assay, Transwell assay, and flow cytometry were used to detect the effects of miR-124 on cell growth, invasion, migration, and apoptosis in HT29 cells. The expression of TET protein family and related protein was evaluated by Western blot. RESULTS miR-124 expression was significantly downregulated in colon cancer HT29 cells (P<0.05). Overexpressed miR-124 suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and it promoted the apoptosis of HT29 cells. The significantly increased expression of TET family protein and the reduction of vimentin and MMP2 expression were seen in miR-124-transfected HT29 cells (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION The expression of miR-124 inhibited cell proliferation, suppressed tumor cell migration and invasion, and enhanced apoptosis by its regulation of the expression of TET1, TET2, vimentin, and MMP-2 in colon cancer HT29 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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150
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Voutilainen S, Heikkilä P, Sampo M, Nevanlinna H, Blomqvist C, Mattson J. Expression of markers of stem cell characteristics, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, basal-like phenotype, proliferation, and androgen receptor in metaplastic breast cancer and their prognostic impact. Acta Oncol 2021; 60:1233-1239. [PMID: 34282709 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2021.1950927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metaplastic breast cancer (MpBC) is a heterogeneous subtype of invasive mammary carcinoma associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cell characteristics. Data regarding prognostic markers and potentially actionable targets for therapy are still limited. The present study aimed to characterize the immunohistochemical landscape of this rare malignancy and to identify potential prognostic factors and targets for therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 75 patients diagnosed with MpBC over a 15-year period were included in the study. We performed immunohistochemical analyses for Ki-67 (MIB-1), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), cytokeratin 5/6, vimentin, CD44, and androgen receptor (AR) and correlated their expression with clinicopathologic features and clinical outcomes. The p-values for survival analyses were corrected for multiple testing (threshold 0.01). RESULTS Most tumors expressed CK5/6 (73%), EGFR (59%), CD44 (81%), and vimentin (87%). Eighty-nine percent had a high Ki-67 index. Eighty-four percent were classified as basal-like (CK 5/6 or EGFR positive). AR was expressed in 21% of the tumors. The basal-like phenotype was significantly (p = 0.009) associated with inferior disease-free (DFS) and breast-cancer-specific overall survival (BCOS) with borderline significance (p = 0.01). In addition, a low Ki-67 index was associated with improved DFS (p = 0.033) and BCOS (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION Most MpBCs express basal markers (CK5/6, EGFR), epithelial-mesenchymal transition marker vimentin, and the stem cell marker CD44. Expression of basal-like markers was significantly related to inferior DFS. All the 11 patients with a lack of expression of basal markers survived without relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sari Voutilainen
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Heikkilä
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Sampo
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carl Blomqvist
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Mattson
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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