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Matsuda R, Ozgur R, Higashi Y, Takechi K, Takano H, Takio S. Preferential expression of a bromoperoxidase in sporophytes of a red alga, Pyropia yezoensis. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2015; 17:199-210. [PMID: 25407492 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-014-9608-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A 2,158 bp cDNA (PyBPO1) encoding a bromoperoxidase (BPO) of 625 amino acids was isolated from Pyropia yezoensis. Phylogenetic analysis using amino acid sequences of BPOs suggested that P. yezoensis and cyanobacteria were grouped in the same clade and separated from brown algae. Genomic Southern blot analysis suggested that PyBPO1 existed as a single copy per haploid genome. RT-PCR revealed that PyBPO1 was actively expressed in filamentous sporophytes but repressed in leafy gametophytes under normal growth conditions. High expression levels of PyBPO1 in sporophytes were observed when sporophytes were grown under gametophyte conditions, suggesting that preferential expression of PyBPO1 occurs during the sporophyte phase. BPO activity of cell-free extracts from sporophytes and gametophytes was examined by activity staining on native PAGE gel using o-dianisidine. One activity band was detected in sporophyte sample, but not in gametophyte sample. In addition, we found that bromide and iodide were effective substrate, but chloride was not. BPO activity was observed-likely in chloroplasts-when sporophyte cells were incubated with o-dianisidine and hydrogen peroxide. Cellular BPO staining showed the same halogen preference identified by in-gel BPO staining. Based on GS-MS analysis, bromoform was detected in medium containing sporophytes. Bromoform was not detected under dark culture conditions but was detected in the culture exposed to low light intensity (5 μmol m(-2) s(-1)) and increased under a moderate light intensity (30 μmol m(-2) s(-1)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuya Matsuda
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
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52
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Przybylski C, Correc G, Fer M, Gonnet F, Helbert W, Daniel R. MALDI-TOF MS and ESI-LTQ-Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry reveal specific porphyranase activity from a Pseudoalteromonas atlantica bacterial extract. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra14449c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry analysis highlighted an unprecedented β-methyl-porphyranase activity in protein extract fromPseudoalteromonas atlantica, which can accommodate the methylated building blocks of porphyran.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Przybylski
- CNRS
- UMR 8587
- Laboratoire Analyse et Modélisation pour la Biologie et l’Environnement
- F-91025 Evry
- France
| | - G. Correc
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris VI
- Végétaux Marins et Biomolécules
- CNRS UMR 7139
- Station biologique de Roscoff
- 29680 Roscoff
| | - M. Fer
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris VI
- Végétaux Marins et Biomolécules
- CNRS UMR 7139
- Station biologique de Roscoff
- 29680 Roscoff
| | - F. Gonnet
- CNRS
- UMR 8587
- Laboratoire Analyse et Modélisation pour la Biologie et l’Environnement
- F-91025 Evry
- France
| | - W. Helbert
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris VI
- Végétaux Marins et Biomolécules
- CNRS UMR 7139
- Station biologique de Roscoff
- 29680 Roscoff
| | - R. Daniel
- CNRS
- UMR 8587
- Laboratoire Analyse et Modélisation pour la Biologie et l’Environnement
- F-91025 Evry
- France
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53
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Lakmal HHC, Lee JH, Jeon YJ. Enzyme-Assisted Extraction of a Marine Algal Polysaccharide, Fucoidan and Bioactivities. POLYSACCHARIDES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16298-0_46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Lee MK, Kim IH, Choi YH, Nam TJ. A peptide from Porphyra yezoensis stimulates the proliferation of IEC-6 cells by activating the insulin-like growth factor I receptor signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2014; 35:533-8. [PMID: 25500890 PMCID: PMC4292718 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.2037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyra yezoensis (P. yezoensis) is the most noteworthy red alga and is mainly consumed in China, Japan and Korea. In the present study, the effects of a P. yezoensis peptide (PY-PE) on cell proliferation and the associated signaling pathways were examined in IEC-6 rat intestinal epithelial cells. First, the MTS assay showed that PY-PE induced cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Subsequently, the mechanism behind the proliferative activity induced by PY-PE was determined. The insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) signaling pathway was the main focus as it plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation. PY-PE increased the protein and mRNA expression of IGF-IR, insulin receptor substrate-1, Shc and PY-99. In addition, PY-PE stimulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt activation but inhibited p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation. Furthermore, PY-PE treatment increased protein and mRNA expression levels of activator protein-1, which regulates cell proliferation and survival, in the nuclear fraction. These results have significant implications for understanding the role of cell proliferation signaling pathways in intestinal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan 608‑737, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hye Kim
- Institute of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 619‑911, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Hee Choi
- Institute of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 619‑911, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Jeong Nam
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan 608‑737, Republic of Korea
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Isaka S, Cho K, Nakazono S, Abu R, Ueno M, Kim D, Oda T. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of porphyran isolated from discolored nori (Porphyra yezoensis). Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 74:68-75. [PMID: 25499893 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We found that discolored waste nori with no commercial value, contains much higher level of porphyran than normal nori that is a sheeted food stuff prepared from P. yezoensis used in sushi. Chemical analyses revealed that mean molecular mass of the porphyran prepared from discolored nori (dc-porphyran) was much lower than that of the porphyran from normal nori (n-porphyran). Dc-porphyran showed slightly greater scavenging activity toward superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical than n-porphyran. Dc-porphyran inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells through preventing the expression of inducible NO synthase, whereas no such activity was observed in n-porphyran. Since acid-hydrolyzed n-porphyran showed the inhibitory activity on NO production from LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, the molecular size of porphyran was suggested to be a critical factor for the activity. Dc-porphyran was separated into 4 fractions (F1-F4) on DEAE-chromatography, and F1 showed the highest inhibitory effect on NO production from LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Our results indicate that discolored waste nori is useful as a source of porphyran with even better bioactivities than porphyran from normal nori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Isaka
- Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kichul Cho
- Korea University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Jeju center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Satoru Nakazono
- Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ryogo Abu
- Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mikinori Ueno
- Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Daekyung Kim
- Korea University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Jeju center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tatsuya Oda
- Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Nagasaki, Japan; Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Nagasaki, Japan.
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56
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Fucoidan induces apoptosis of HepG2 cells by down-regulating p-Stat3. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 34:330-336. [PMID: 24939294 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-014-1278-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fucoidan is one of the main bioactive components of polysaccharides. The current study was focused on the anti-tumor effects of fucoidan on human heptoma cell line HepG2 and the possible mechanisms. Fucoidan treatment resulted in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner detected by MTT assay, flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy. The results of flow cytometric analysis revealed that fucoidan induced G2/M arrest in the cell cycle progression. Hoechst 33258 and Annexin V/PI staining results showed that the apoptotic cell number was increased, which was associated with a dose-dependent up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 and p-Stat3. In parallel, the up-regulation of p53 and the increase in reactive oxygen species were also observed, which may play important roles in the inhibition of HepG2 growth by fucoidan. In the meantime, Cyclin B1 and CDK1 were down-regulated by fucoidan treatment. Down-regulation of p-Stat3 by fucoidan resulted in apoptosis and an increase in ROS in response to fucoidan exposure. We therefore concluded that fucoidan induces apoptosis through the down-regulation of p-Stat3. These results suggest that fucoidan may be used as a novel anti-cancer agent for hepatocarcinoma.
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Brown EM, Allsopp PJ, Magee PJ, Gill CIR, Nitecki S, Strain CR, McSorley EM. Seaweed and human health. Nutr Rev 2014; 72:205-16. [DOI: 10.1111/nure.12091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Brown
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health; University of Ulster; County Londonderry UK
| | - Philip J Allsopp
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health; University of Ulster; County Londonderry UK
| | - Pamela J Magee
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health; University of Ulster; County Londonderry UK
| | - Chris IR Gill
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health; University of Ulster; County Londonderry UK
| | - Sonja Nitecki
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health; University of Ulster; County Londonderry UK
| | - Conall R Strain
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health; University of Ulster; County Londonderry UK
| | - Emeir M McSorley
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health; University of Ulster; County Londonderry UK
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58
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Lee CW, Han JS. Hypoglycemic Effect of Sargassum ringgoldianum Extract in STZ-induced Diabetic Mice. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2014; 17:8-13. [PMID: 24471057 PMCID: PMC3866760 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2012.17.1.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate whether Sargassum ringgoldianum extract may inhibit α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities, and alleviate postprandial hyperglycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. The IC50 values of Sargassum ringgoldianum extract against α-glucosidase and α-amylase were 0.12 mg/mL and 0.18 mg/mL, respectively, which evidenced higher activities than those of acarbose. The blood glucose levels of the Sargassum ringgoldianum extract administered group were significantly lower compared to the control group in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Moreover, the area under the two-hour blood glucose response curve was significantly reduced and the absorption of dietary carbohydrates was delayed after administration of Sargassum ringgoldianum extract in the diabetic mice. Therefore, these results indicated that Sargassum ringgoldianum extract may help decrease the postprandial blood glucose level via inhibiting α-glucosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae-Won Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea
| | - Ji-Sook Han
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea
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59
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Zorofchian Moghadamtousi S, Karimian H, Khanabdali R, Razavi M, Firoozinia M, Zandi K, Abdul Kadir H. Anticancer and antitumor potential of fucoidan and fucoxanthin, two main metabolites isolated from brown algae. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:768323. [PMID: 24526922 PMCID: PMC3910333 DOI: 10.1155/2014/768323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Seaweed is one of the largest producers of biomass in marine environment and is a rich arsenal of active metabolites and functional ingredients with valuable beneficial health effects. Being a staple part of Asian cuisine, investigations on the crude extracts of Phaeophyceae or brown algae revealed marked antitumor activity, eliciting a variety of research to determine the active ingredients involved in this potential. The sulfated polysaccharide of fucoidan and carotenoid of fucoxanthin were found to be the most important active metabolites of brown algae as potential chemotherapeutic or chemopreventive agents. This review strives to provide detailed account of all current knowledge on the anticancer and antitumor activity of fucoidan and fucoxanthin as the two major metabolites isolated from brown algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Zorofchian Moghadamtousi
- Biochemistry Program, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hamed Karimian
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ramin Khanabdali
- Biochemistry Program, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahboubeh Razavi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Firoozinia
- Biochemistry Program, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Keivan Zandi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Tropical Infectious Disease Research and Education Center (TIDREC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Habsah Abdul Kadir
- Biochemistry Program, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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60
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Ahmed ABA, Adel M, Karimi P, Peidayesh M. Pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical, and traditional applications of marine carbohydrates. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2014; 73:197-220. [PMID: 25300548 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800268-1.00010-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Marine carbohydrates are most important organic molecules made by photosynthetic organisms. It is very essential for humankind: the role in being an energy source for the organism and they are considered as an important dissolve organic compound (DOC) in marine environment's sediments. Carbohydrates found in different marine environments in different concentrations. Polysaccharides of carbohydrates play an important role in various fields such as pharmaceutical, food production, cosmeceutical, and so on. Marine organisms are good resources of nutrients, and they are rich carbohydrate in sulfated polysaccharide. Seaweeds (marine microalgae) are used in different pharmaceutical industries, especially in pharmaceutical compound production. Seaweeds have a significant amount of sulfated polysaccharides, which are used in cosmeceutical industry, besides based on the biological applications. Since then, traditional people, cosmetics products, and pharmaceutical applications consider many types of seaweed as an important organism used in food process. Sulfated polysaccharides containing seaweed have potential uses in the blood coagulation system, antiviral activity, antioxidant activity, anticancer activity, immunomodulating activity, antilipidepic activity, etc. Some species of marine organisms are rich in polysaccharides such as sulfated galactans. Various polysaccharides such as agar and alginates, which are extracted from marine organisms, have several applications in food production and cosmeceutical industries. Due to their high health benefits, compound-derived extracts of marine polysaccharides have various applications and traditional people were using them since long time ago. In the future, much attention is supposed to be paid to unraveling the structural, compositional, and sequential properties of marine carbohydrate as well.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohaddeseh Adel
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pegah Karimi
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahvash Peidayesh
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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61
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Lakmal HHC, Lee JH, Jeon YJ. Enzyme-Assisted Extraction of a Marine Algal Polysaccharide, Fucoidan and Bioactivities. POLYSACCHARIDES 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-03751-6_46-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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62
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Ngo DH, Kim SK. Sulfated polysaccharides as bioactive agents from marine algae. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 62:70-5. [PMID: 23994790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, much attention has been paid by consumers toward natural bioactive compounds as functional ingredients in nutraceuticals. Marine algae are considered as valuable sources of structurally diverse bioactive compounds. Marine algae are rich in sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) such as carrageenans in red algae, fucoidans in brown algae and ulvans in green algae. These SPs exhibit many health beneficial nutraceutical effects such as antioxidant, anti-allergic, anti-human immunodeficiency virus, anticancer and anticoagulant activities. Therefore, marine algae derived SPs have great potential to be further developed as medicinal food products or nutraceuticals in the food industry. This contribution presents an overview of nutraceutical effects and potential health benefits of SPs derived from marine algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai-Hung Ngo
- Marine Bioprocess Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea
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Banafa AM, Roshan S, Liu YY, Chen HJ, Chen MJ, Yang GX, He GY. Fucoidan induces G1 phase arrest and apoptosis through caspases-dependent pathway and ROS induction in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. JOURNAL OF HUAZHONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. MEDICAL SCIENCES = HUA ZHONG KE JI DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE YING DE WEN BAN = HUAZHONG KEJI DAXUE XUEBAO. YIXUE YINGDEWEN BAN 2013; 33:717-724. [PMID: 24142726 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-013-1186-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fucoidan is an active component of seaweed, which inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of several tumor cells while the detailed mechanisms underlying this process are still not clear. In this study, the effect of Fucoidan on the proliferation and apoptosis of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells and the molecular mechanism of Fucoidan action were investigated. Viable cell number of MCF-7 cells was decreased by Fucoidan treatment in a dose-dependent manner as measured by MTT assay. Fucoidan treatment resulted in G1 phase arrest of MCF-7 cells as revealed by flow cytometry, which was associated with the decrease in the gene expression of cyclin D1 and CDK-4. Annexin V/PI staining results showed that the number of apoptotic cells was associated with regulation of cytochrome C, caspase-8, Bax and Bcl-2 at transcriptional and translational levels. Both morphologic observation and Hoechst 33258 assay results confirmed the pro-apoptotic effect of Fucoidan. Meanwhile, the ROS production was also increased by Fucoidan treatment, which suggested that Fucoidan induced oxidative damage in MCF-7 cells. The results of present study demonstrated that Fucoidan could induce G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in MCF-7 cells through regulating the cell cycle and apoptosis-related genes or proteins expression, and ROS generation is also involved in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal M Banafa
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Sadia Roshan
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yun-Yi Liu
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hui-Jie Chen
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ming-Jie Chen
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Guang-Xiao Yang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Guang-Yuan He
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Indumathy S, Dass CR. Finding chemo: the search for marine-based pharmaceutical drugs active against cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 65:1280-301. [PMID: 23927467 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cancer affects the health of many people globally. The most common treatment that is used for cancer is chemotherapy, which has shown promising results but not without side effects. Some of these side effects jeopardise further treatment, and this eventually leads to advanced stages of malignancy and mortality. As a result, there is a need for better and safer anticancer compounds such as those found naturally. One of the most abundant natural environments to find such compounds is the sea, and this vast resource has been biomined since the 1950s. KEY FINDINGS There are currently three marine anticancer agents marketed (Yondelis, Cytosar-U and Halaven), with several others undergoing clinical trials. This review discusses marine-derived products in clinical use and in clinical trials, and discusses available literature on the growth suppression or pro-apoptotic properties of these compounds, and the molecular mechanisms underpinning these cell biological phenomena. SUMMARY The marine environment may hold promising anticancer compounds within its depths, warranting further research to be performed in this area, albeit with respect for the natural ecosystems that are being explored for drug discover and subsequently used for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivanjah Indumathy
- College of Biomedicine and Health, Victoria University, St Albans, Vic, Australia
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Bhatia S, Rathee P, Sharma K, Chaugule B, Kar N, Bera T. Immuno-modulation effect of sulphated polysaccharide (porphyran) from Porphyra vietnamensis. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 57:50-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Kim YM, Kim IH, Nam TJ. Inhibition of AGS human gastric cancer cell invasion and proliferation by Capsosiphon fulvescens glycoprotein. Mol Med Rep 2013; 8:11-6. [PMID: 23715597 PMCID: PMC3724683 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds are increasingly being used as foodstuffs and therapeutics. Capsosiphon fulvescens (C. fulvescens) is a green sea alga which has demonstrated anti-tumor activity in various cancer cell lines. In cancer cells, homeostasis is not maintained, enabling mutations to develop and growth to continue unchecked. Overexpression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and tight junction (TJ) proteins is important for cancer cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis. In addition, these proteins are closely associated with cell membrane permeability. In the current study, C. fulvescens glycoprotein (Cf-GP) was found to inhibit TJ proteins and invasion of AGS human gastric cancer cells. Cf-GP-mediated inhibition of cell proliferation and invasion was confirmed, as well as changes in TJ protein levels. In addition, MMP-2 and −9 activities were inhibited, as indicated by increased transepithelial electrical resistance. Inhibition of MMP protein expression was also found to correlate with tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 and Cf-GP treatment, as revealed by western blot analysis and RT-PCR. In conclusion, these results indicate that Cf-GP inhibits cancer cell invasion and therefore demonstrates a potential therapeutic strategy to decrease cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Min Kim
- Institute of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Ilgwang-ro, Ilgwang‑myeon, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-911, Republic of Korea
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Kitano Y, Murazumi K, Duan J, Kurose K, Kobayashi S, Sugawara T, Hirata T. Effect of dietary porphyran from the red alga, Porphyra yezoensis, on glucose metabolism in diabetic KK-Ay mice. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2013; 58:14-9. [PMID: 23007062 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.58.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Porphyran (POR) from the red alga Porphyra yezoensis is a water soluble dietary fiber. In this study, we investigated the effect of dietary POR on glucose metabolism in KK-Ay mice (a model for type 2 diabetes). Mice were divided into 4 groups and fed a diet containing 5% cellulose (control), POR, POR Arg or POR K. After 3 wk of feeding, plasma insulin levels and the calculated homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index were significantly lower in the POR group than in the control group. Compared with the control group, plasma adiponectin levels were significantly increased in the POR, POR Arg and POR K groups. These results suggest that dietary POR should improve glucose metabolism in diabetes via up-regulation of adiponectin levels. In addition, the amount of propionic acid in the cecum of the POR group was significantly higher than in the control group and the profile of bacterial flora was changed by dietary POR. In the cecum of the POR, POR Arg and POR K groups, Bacteroides was significantly increased and Clostridium coccoides was significantly decreased compared with in the control group. The effects of dietary POR on the hindgut environment might contribute to the improvement of glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kitano
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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68
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Biomedical Applications of Exopolysaccharides Produced by Microorganisms Isolated from Extreme Environments. Extremophiles 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118394144.ch14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
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69
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Kim YM, Kim IH, Nam TJ. Induction of apoptosis signaling by glycoprotein of Capsosiphon fulvescens in human gastric cancer (AGS) cells. Nutr Cancer 2012; 64:761-9. [PMID: 22591240 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2012.683228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Capsosiphon fulvescens is a well-known green sea algae that has been touted in recent years as a potential anticancer drug. In this study, C. fulvescens glycoprotein (Cf-GP) showed proapoptotic signaling in AGS cells. An MTS assay indicated that Cf-GP inhibited the proliferation of AGS cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Cells were treated with Cf-GP and the expression of proteins associated with apoptosis was examined by Western blotting. Based on the Western blot, expression of Cf-GP-activated caspase-cascade and PARP, which is a substrate of caspase-3 and -8, and proteins of the Bcl-2 family was observed. Cf-GP treatment stimulated the release of cytochrome C and apoptotic protease activating factor-1 from mitochondria to the cytosol. Cf-GP inhibited the growth of AGS cells through induction of sub-G1 phase arrest. We confirmed that sub-G1-phase arrest was associated with a decrease in the expression of cyclin D, cyclin E, Cdk2, Cdk4, and Cdk6, and an increase in the protein levels of p21 and p27. As a result, the increased sub-G1 ratio appears to be inhibited by cell proliferation. Therefore, we can confirm apoptosis in the AGS cells. Our results suggest that Cf-GP could be a potential source of biofunctional material that shows anticancer effects in human gastrointestinal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Min Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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70
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Mohamed S, Hashim SN, Rahman HA. Seaweeds: A sustainable functional food for complementary and alternative therapy. Trends Food Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2011.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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71
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Polyphenol-rich seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii) extract suppresses breast tumour via hormone modulation and apoptosis induction. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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72
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Jiang Z, Hama Y, Yamaguchi K, Oda T. Inhibitory effect of sulphated polysaccharide porphyran on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. J Biochem 2011; 151:65-74. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvr115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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73
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Llamas I, Béjar V, Martínez-Checa F, Martínez-Cánovas MJ, Molina I, Quesada E. Halomonas stenophila sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium that produces sulphate exopolysaccharides with biological activity. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2011; 61:2508-2514. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.026369-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We have undertaken a polyphasic taxonomic study of two halophilic, Gram-negative bacterial strains, N12T and B-100, that produce sulphated exopolysaccharides with biological activity. They were isolated from two different saline soil samples. Both strains grow at NaCl concentrations within the range 3–15 % (w/v) [optimum 5–10 % (w/v)], at 15–37 °C (optimum 20–32 °C) and at pH 6–8 (optimum pH 7–8). Their 16S rRNA gene sequences indicate that they belong to the genus Halomonas in the class Gammaproteobacteria. Their closest relative is Halomonas nitroreducens, to which our strains show maximum 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 98.7 % (N12T) and 98.3 % (B-100). Their DNA G+C contents are 61.9 and 63.8 mol%, respectively. The results of DNA–DNA hybridizations showed 43.9 % relatedness between strain N12T and H. nitroreducens CECT 7281T, 30.5 % between N12T and Halomonas ventosae CECT 5797T, 39.2 % between N12T and Halomonas fontilapidosi CECT 7341T, 46.3 % between N12T and Halomonas maura CECT 5298T, 52.9 % between N12T and Halomonas saccharevitans LMG 23976T, 51.3 % between N12T and Halomonas koreensis JCM 12237T and 100 % between strains N12T and B-100. The major fatty acids of strain N12T are C12 : 0 3-OH (5.42 %), C15 : 0 iso 2-OH/C16 : 1ω7c (17.37 %), C16 : 0 (21.62 %) and C18 : 1ω7c (49.19 %). The proposed name for the novel species is Halomonas stenophila sp. nov. Strain N12T ( = CECT 7744T = LMG 25812T) is the type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Llamas
- Microbial Exopolysaccharide Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cartuja Campus, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Victoria Béjar
- Microbial Exopolysaccharide Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cartuja Campus, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando Martínez-Checa
- Microbial Exopolysaccharide Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cartuja Campus, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - María José Martínez-Cánovas
- Microbial Exopolysaccharide Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cartuja Campus, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Ignacio Molina
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Emilia Quesada
- Microbial Exopolysaccharide Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cartuja Campus, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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74
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Shalaby EA. Algae as promising organisms for environment and health. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2011; 6:1338-50. [PMID: 21862867 PMCID: PMC3258063 DOI: 10.4161/psb.6.9.16779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2011] [Revised: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Algae, like other plants, produce a variety of remarkable compounds collectively referred to as secondary metabolites. They are synthesized by these organisms at the end of the growth phase and/or due to metabolic alterations induced by environmental stress conditions. Carotenoids, phenolic compounds, phycobiliprotein pigments, polysaccharides and unsaturated fatty acids are same of the algal natural products, which were reported to have variable biological activities, including antioxidant activity, anticancer activity, antimicroabial activity against bacteria-virus-algae-fungi, organic fertilizer and bioremediation potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad A Shalaby
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
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75
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Venkatpurwar V, Shiras A, Pokharkar V. Porphyran capped gold nanoparticles as a novel carrier for delivery of anticancer drug: In vitro cytotoxicity study. Int J Pharm 2011; 409:314-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 02/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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76
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Wijesekara I, Pangestuti R, Kim SK. Biological activities and potential health benefits of sulfated polysaccharides derived from marine algae. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 547] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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77
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Kim SK, Karagozlu MZ. Marine algae: natural product source for gastrointestinal cancer treatment. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2011; 64:225-33. [PMID: 22054950 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-387669-0.00017-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Among marine organisms, marine algae are rich sources of structurally diverse bioactive compounds with various biological activities. In order to survive in a highly competitive environment, freshwater or marine algae have to develop defense strategies that result in a tremendous diversity of compounds from different metabolic pathways. Recently, their importance as a source of novel bioactive substances is growing rapidly and many reports have been published about isolated compounds from algae with biological activities. Many researchers reported anticancer activity of the compounds isolated from marine algae. Gastrointestinal tract cancer is one of the most frequent death causes of cancer in men and women. Especially stomach cancer and colon cancer are the second and third common cancer type in the world after lung cancer. Hence investigation of bioactive compounds against gastrointestinal cancer cells has recently become an important field for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Kwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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78
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Kim SK, Li YX. Medicinal benefits of sulfated polysaccharides from sea vegetables. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2011; 64:391-402. [PMID: 22054963 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-387669-0.00030-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The cell walls of sea vegetables or marine algae are rich in sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) such as fucoidans in brown algae, carrageenans in red algae, and ulvans in green algae. These SPs exhibit various biological activities such as anticoagulant, antiviral, antioxidative, and anticancer activities with potential health benefits. Therefore, SPs derived from sea vegetables have great potential in further development as nutraceuticals and medicinal foods. This chapter presents an overview of biological activities and potential medicinal benefits of SPs derived from sea vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Kwon Kim
- Marine Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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79
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Ganguly S, Basu B, Shome S, Jadhav T, Roy S, Majumdar J, Dasgupta PS, Basu S. Dopamine, by acting through its D2 receptor, inhibits insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I)-induced gastric cancer cell proliferation via up-regulation of Krüppel-like factor 4 through down-regulation of IGF-IR and AKT phosphorylation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2010; 177:2701-7. [PMID: 21075859 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.100617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The overexpression of insulin-like growth factor receptor-I (IGF-IR) and the activation of its signaling pathways both play critical roles in the development and progression of gastric cancer. Dopamine (DA), a major enteric neurotransmitter, has been reported to have a wide variety of physiological functions in the gastrointestinal tract, including the stomach. We have previously reported that both DA and tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme required for the synthesis of DA, are lost in malignant gastric tissues. The effect of this loss of DA on IGF-IR-induced growth of gastric cancer has not yet been elucidated; we therefore investigated the role of DA, if any, on IGF-IR-induced proliferation of malignant gastric cells. There was a significant increase in the expression of phosphorylated IGF-IR and its downstream signaling molecule AKT in human malignant gastric tissues compared with normal nonmalignant tissues. Furthermore, to determine whether this loss of DA has any effect on the activation of IGF-IR signaling pathways in malignant gastric tumors, in vitro experiments were undertaken, using AGS gastric cancer cells. Our results demonstrated that DA acting through its D(2) receptor, inhibits IGF-I-induced proliferation of AGS cells by up-regulating KLF4, a negative regulator of the cell cycle through down regulation of IGF-IR and AKT phosphorylation. Our results suggest that DA is an important regulator of IGF-IR function in malignant gastric cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhalakshmi Ganguly
- Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines Department, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
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80
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Ruiz-Ruiz C, Srivastava GK, Carranza D, Mata JA, Llamas I, Santamaría M, Quesada E, Molina IJ. An exopolysaccharide produced by the novel halophilic bacterium Halomonas stenophila strain B100 selectively induces apoptosis in human T leukaemia cells. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 89:345-55. [PMID: 20890756 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2886-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2010] [Revised: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are highly heterogeneous polymers produced by fungi and bacteria and have recently been attracting considerable attention from biotechnologists because of their potential applications in many fields, including biomedicine. We have screened the antitumoural activity of a panel of sulphated EPSs produced by a newly discovered species of halophilic bacteria. We found that the novel halophilic bacterium Halomonas stenophila strain B100 produced a heteropolysaccharide that, when oversulphated, exerted antitumoural activity on T cell lines deriving from acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Only tumour cells were susceptible to apoptosis induced by the sulphated EPS (B100S), whilst primary T cells were resistant. Moreover, freshly isolated primary cells from the blood of patients with ALL were also susceptible to B100S-induced apoptosis. The newly discovered B100S is therefore the first bacterial EPS that has been demonstrated to exert a potent and selective pro-apoptotic effect on T leukaemia cells, and thus, we propose that the search for new antineoplastic drugs should include the screening of other bacterial EPSs, particularly those isolated from halophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Ruiz-Ruiz
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada Health-Sciences Technology Park, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18100, Armilla-Granada, Spain
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81
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Jiang Z, Okimura T, Yokose T, Yamasaki Y, Yamaguchi K, Oda T. Effects of sulfated fucan, ascophyllan, from the brown Alga Ascophyllum nodosum on various cell lines: a comparative study on ascophyllan and fucoidan. J Biosci Bioeng 2010; 110:113-7. [PMID: 20541128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2010.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2009] [Revised: 01/04/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The effects of fucose-containing sulfated polysaccharides, ascophyllan and fucoidan, isolated from the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum, on the growth of various cell lines (MDCK, Vero, PtK(1), CHO, HeLa, and XC) were investigated. In a colony formation assay, ascophyllan and fucoidan showed potent cytotoxic effects on Vero and XC cells, while other cell lines were relatively resistant to these polysaccharides. Almost no significant effects of these polysaccharides were observed in the cell lines tested using the Alamar blue cytotoxicity assay over 48 h with varying initial cell densities (2500-20,000 cells/well) in growth medium. Interestingly, a significant growth promoting effect of ascophyllan on MDCK cells was observed, whereas treatment with fucoidan showed growth suppressive effects on this cell line under the same experimental conditions. These results suggest that ascophyllan is distinguishable from fucoidan in terms of their bioactivities. This is the first report of the growth promoting effects of a sulfated fucan on a mammalian cell line under normal growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zedong Jiang
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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82
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Prebiotics from marine macroalgae for human and animal health applications. Mar Drugs 2010; 8:2038-64. [PMID: 20714423 PMCID: PMC2920542 DOI: 10.3390/md8072038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2010] [Revised: 06/11/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The marine environment is an untapped source of bioactive compounds. Specifically, marine macroalgae (seaweeds) are rich in polysaccharides that could potentially be exploited as prebiotic functional ingredients for both human and animal health applications. Prebiotics are non-digestible, selectively fermented compounds that stimulate the growth and/or activity of beneficial gut microbiota which, in turn, confer health benefits on the host. This review will introduce the concept and potential applications of prebiotics, followed by an outline of the chemistry of seaweed polysaccharides. Their potential for use as prebiotics for both humans and animals will be highlighted by reviewing data from both in vitro and in vivo studies conducted to date.
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83
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Abstract
Gim (Porphyra sp.) and miyeok (Undaria pinnatifida) are the seaweeds most consumed by Koreans. We investigated the association between the intake of gim and miyeok and the risk of breast cancer in a case-control study. Cases were 362 women aged 30-65 years old, who were histologically confirmed to have breast cancer. Controls visiting the same hospital were matched to cases according to their age (sd 2 years) and menopausal status. Food intake was estimated by the quantitative FFQ with 121 items, including gim and miyeok. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to obtain the OR and corresponding 95 % CI. The average intake and consumption frequency of gim in cases were lower than in controls. The daily intake of gim was inversely associated with the risk of breast cancer (5th v. 1st quintile, OR, 0.48; 95 % CI, 0.27, 0.86; P for trend, 0.026) after adjustment for potential confounders. After stratification analysis was performed according to menopausal status, premenopausal women (5th v. 1st quintile, OR, 0.44; 95 % CI, 0.24, 0.80; P for trend, 0.007) and postmenopausal women (5th v. 1st quintile, OR, 0.32; 95 % CI, 0.13, 0.80; P for trend, 0.06) showed similar inverse associations between gim intake and the risk of breast cancer after an adjustment for potential confounders except dietary factors. Miyeok consumption did not have any significant associations with breast cancer. These results suggest that high intake of gim may decrease the risk of breast cancer.
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84
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In vitro antiherpetic and antirotaviral activities of a sulfate prepared from Mimosa scabrella galactomannan. Int J Biol Macromol 2009; 45:453-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2009.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2009] [Revised: 08/04/2009] [Accepted: 09/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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85
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The sulfated polysaccharide porphyran reduces apolipoprotein B100 secretion and lipid synthesis in HepG2 cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2009; 73:447-9. [PMID: 19202270 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.80688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The physiological effect of porphyran, a sulfated polysaccharides from an edible red alga, was studied in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Porphyran supplementation significantly decreased apolipoprotein B100 secretion, and the reduction was partly associated with suppression of cellular lipid synthesis in HepG2 cells. This is the first study to elucidate the mechanism of the hypolipidemic effect of porphyran.
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86
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A Simple Purification Method and Chemical Properties of Potphyran from Porphyra yezoensis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.5657/kfas.2008.41.6.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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87
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Min HK, Kim HJ, Chang HC. Growth-inhibitory Effect of the Extract of Porphyran-Chungkookjang on Cancer Cell. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3746/jkfn.2008.37.7.826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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88
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Sun W, Xu W, Liu H, Liu J, Wang Q, Zhou J, Dong F, Chen B. gamma-Tocotrienol induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in human gastric adenocarcinoma SGC-7901 cells. J Nutr Biochem 2008; 20:276-84. [PMID: 18602811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2008.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2008] [Revised: 02/04/2008] [Accepted: 03/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tocotrienols are naturally occurring isoprenoid compounds highly enriched in palm oil, rice bran, oat, wheat germ, barley and rye. Tocotrienols have antioxidant properties as well as potent anticancer properties. In this study, the mechanisms underlying the apoptosis of gamma-tocotrienol on human gastric adenocarcinoma SGC-7901 cells were further studied, especially in correlation with the involvement of the apoptotic pathway. gamma-Tocotrienol inhibited SGC-7901 cell growth in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The inhibitory effects of SGC-7901 cells were correlated with the DNA damage and arresting cell cycle at G(0)/G(1) phase in a time-dependent manner at 60 mumol/L concentration of gamma-tocotrienol. gamma-Tocotrienol induced activation of caspase-3 and increased the cleavage of the downstream substrate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Furthermore, gamma-tocotrienol-induced apoptosis on SGC-7901 cells was mediated by activation of caspase-9. The data in this study suggested that gamma-tocotrienol could induce the apoptosis on human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells via mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway. Thus, our findings revealed gamma-tocotrienol as a potential, new chemopreventive agent for human gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenguang Sun
- Department of Clinic Nutrition, the First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, P.R. China
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