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Fimognari L, Dölker R, Kaselyte G, Jensen CNG, Akhtar SS, Großkinsky DK, Roitsch T. Simple semi-high throughput determination of activity signatures of key antioxidant enzymes for physiological phenotyping. PLANT METHODS 2020; 16:42. [PMID: 32206082 PMCID: PMC7085164 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-020-00583-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anions significantly accumulate during biotic and abiotic stress and cause oxidative damage and eventually cell death. There is accumulating evidence that ROS are also involved in regulating beneficial plant-microbe interactions, signal transduction and plant growth and development. Due to the relevance of ROS throughout the life cycle and for interaction with the multifactorial environment, the physiological phenotyping of the mechanisms controlling ROS homeostasis is of general importance. RESULTS In this study, we have developed a robust and resource-efficient experimental platform that allows the determination of the activities of the nine key ROS scavenging enzymes from a single extraction that integrates posttranscriptional and posttranslational regulations. The assays were optimized and adapted for a semi-high throughput 96-well assay format. In a case study, we have analyzed tobacco leaves challenged by pathogen infection, drought and salt stress. The three stress factors resulted in distinct activity signatures with differential temporal dynamics. CONCLUSIONS This experimental platform proved to be suitable to determine the antioxidant enzyme activity signature in different tissues of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous model and crop plants. The universal enzymatic extraction procedure combined with the 96-well assay format demonstrated to be a simple, fast and semi-high throughput experimental platform for the precise and robust fingerprinting of nine key antioxidant enzymatic activities in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Fimognari
- Chr-Hansen A/S, Plant Health Innovation, Bøge Allé 10-12, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Rebecca Dölker
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Crop Science, Copenhagen University, Højbakkegård Allé 13, 2630 Tåstrup, Denmark
| | - Greta Kaselyte
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Crop Science, Copenhagen University, Højbakkegård Allé 13, 2630 Tåstrup, Denmark
| | - Camilla N. G. Jensen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Crop Science, Copenhagen University, Højbakkegård Allé 13, 2630 Tåstrup, Denmark
| | - Saqib S. Akhtar
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Crop Science, Copenhagen University, Højbakkegård Allé 13, 2630 Tåstrup, Denmark
| | - Dominik K. Großkinsky
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Crop Science, Copenhagen University, Højbakkegård Allé 13, 2630 Tåstrup, Denmark
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section for Transport Biology and Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Thomas Roitsch
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Crop Science, Copenhagen University, Højbakkegård Allé 13, 2630 Tåstrup, Denmark
- Department of Adaptive Biotechnologies, Global Change Research Institute, CAS, Brno, Czech Republic
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102
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Shao Y, Cheng Y, Pang H, Chang M, He F, Wang M, Davis DJ, Zhang S, Betz O, Fleck C, Dai T, Madahhosseini S, Wilkop T, Jernstedt J, Drakakaki G. Investigation of Salt Tolerance Mechanisms Across a Root Developmental Gradient in Almond Rootstocks. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:595055. [PMID: 33469461 PMCID: PMC7813803 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.595055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The intensive use of groundwater in agriculture under the current climate conditions leads to acceleration of soil salinization. Given that almond is a salt-sensitive crop, selection of salt-tolerant rootstocks can help maintain productivity under salinity stress. Selection for tolerant rootstocks at an early growth stage can reduce the investment of time and resources. However, salinity-sensitive markers and salinity tolerance mechanisms of almond species to assist this selection process are largely unknown. We established a microscopy-based approach to investigate mechanisms of stress tolerance in and identified cellular, root anatomical, and molecular traits associated with rootstocks exhibiting salt tolerance. We characterized three almond rootstocks: Empyrean-1 (E1), Controller-5 (C5), and Krymsk-86 (K86). Based on cellular and molecular evidence, our results show that E1 has a higher capacity for salt exclusion by a combination of upregulating ion transporter expression and enhanced deposition of suberin and lignin in the root apoplastic barriers, exodermis, and endodermis, in response to salt stress. Expression analyses revealed differential regulation of cation transporters, stress signaling, and biopolymer synthesis genes in the different rootstocks. This foundational study reveals the mechanisms of salinity tolerance in almond rootstocks from cellular and structural perspectives across a root developmental gradient and provides insights for future screens targeting stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Shao
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yukun Cheng
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongguang Pang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Mingqin Chang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Fang He
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Minmin Wang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Destiny J. Davis
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Shuxiao Zhang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Oliver Betz
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Chuck Fleck
- Sierra Gold Nurseries, Yuba City, CA, United States
| | - Tingbo Dai
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shahab Madahhosseini
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Genetic and Plant Production Department, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Thomas Wilkop
- Light Microscopy Core, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Judy Jernstedt
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Georgia Drakakaki
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Georgia Drakakaki,
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103
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Chen K, Li GJ, Bressan RA, Song CP, Zhu JK, Zhao Y. Abscisic acid dynamics, signaling, and functions in plants. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 62:25-54. [PMID: 31850654 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 548] [Impact Index Per Article: 137.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important phytohormone regulating plant growth, development, and stress responses. It has an essential role in multiple physiological processes of plants, such as stomatal closure, cuticular wax accumulation, leaf senescence, bud dormancy, seed germination, osmotic regulation, and growth inhibition among many others. Abscisic acid controls downstream responses to abiotic and biotic environmental changes through both transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms. During the past 20 years, ABA biosynthesis and many of its signaling pathways have been well characterized. Here we review the dynamics of ABA metabolic pools and signaling that affects many of its physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kong Chen
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guo-Jun Li
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ray A Bressan
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Chun-Peng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Yang Zhao
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
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104
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Kumar M, Kesawat MS, Ali A, Lee SC, Gill SS, Kim HU. Integration of Abscisic Acid Signaling with Other Signaling Pathways in Plant Stress Responses and Development. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E592. [PMID: 31835863 PMCID: PMC6963649 DOI: 10.3390/plants8120592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Plants are immobile and, to overcome harsh environmental conditions such as drought, salt, and cold, they have evolved complex signaling pathways. Abscisic acid (ABA), an isoprenoid phytohormone, is a critical signaling mediator that regulates diverse biological processes in various organisms. Significant progress has been made in the determination and characterization of key ABA-mediated molecular factors involved in different stress responses, including stomatal closure and developmental processes, such as seed germination and bud dormancy. Since ABA signaling is a complex signaling network that integrates with other signaling pathways, the dissection of its intricate regulatory network is necessary to understand the function of essential regulatory genes involved in ABA signaling. In the present review, we focus on two aspects of ABA signaling. First, we examine the perception of the stress signal (abiotic and biotic) and the response network of ABA signaling components that transduce the signal to the downstream pathway to respond to stress tolerance, regulation of stomata, and ABA signaling component ubiquitination. Second, ABA signaling in plant development processes, such as lateral root growth regulation, seed germination, and flowering time regulation is investigated. Examining such diverse signal integration dynamics could enhance our understanding of the underlying genetic, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms of ABA signaling networks in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manu Kumar
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
| | | | - Asjad Ali
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, East Lismore NSW 2480, Australia;
| | | | - Sarvajeet Singh Gill
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab, Centre for Biotechnology, MD University, Rohtak 124001, India;
| | - Hyun Uk Kim
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
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105
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Perotti MF, Ribone PA, Cabello JV, Ariel FD, Chan RL. AtHB23 participates in the gene regulatory network controlling root branching, and reveals differences between secondary and tertiary roots. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 100:1224-1236. [PMID: 31444832 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis, lateral root (LR) development is mainly controlled by several known auxin-regulated transcription factors (TFs). Here, we show that AtHB23 (a homeodomain-leucine zipper I TF) participates in this intricate network. Our study of the expression pattern of AtHB23 revealed that it is transcriptionally activated in the early stages of secondary LR primordium (LRP). We found that AtHB23 directly limits the expression of LBD16, a key factor in LR initiation, and also directly induces the auxin transporter gene LAX3. We propose that this HD-Zip I mediates the regulation of LAX3 by ARF7/19. Furthermore, AtHB23 plays distinct roles during the formation of secondary and tertiary roots, exhibiting differential expression patterns. ATHB23 is expressed throughout the tertiary root primordium, whereas it is restricted to early stages in secondary primordia, likely later repressing LBD16 in tertiary LR development and further inhibiting root emergence. Our results suggest that different genetic programs govern the formation of LRP from the main or secondary roots, thereby shaping the global dynamic architecture of the root system.
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Affiliation(s)
- María F Perotti
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, CONICET, FBCB, Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Santa Fe, Colectora Ruta Nacional No 168 km. 0, Paraje El Pozo, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Pamela A Ribone
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, CONICET, FBCB, Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Santa Fe, Colectora Ruta Nacional No 168 km. 0, Paraje El Pozo, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Julieta V Cabello
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, CONICET, FBCB, Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Santa Fe, Colectora Ruta Nacional No 168 km. 0, Paraje El Pozo, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Federico D Ariel
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, CONICET, FBCB, Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Santa Fe, Colectora Ruta Nacional No 168 km. 0, Paraje El Pozo, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Raquel L Chan
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, CONICET, FBCB, Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Santa Fe, Colectora Ruta Nacional No 168 km. 0, Paraje El Pozo, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
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106
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Natural Root Cellular Variation in Responses to Osmotic Stress in Arabidopsis thaliana Accessions. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10120983. [PMID: 31795411 PMCID: PMC6969899 DOI: 10.3390/genes10120983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Arabidopsis naturally occurring populations have allowed for the identification of considerable genetic variation remodeled by adaptation to different environments and stress conditions. Water is a key resource that limits plant growth, and its availability is initially sensed by root tissues. The root’s ability to adjust its physiology and morphology under water deficit makes this organ a useful model to understand how plants respond to water stress. Here, we used hyperosmotic shock stress treatments in different Arabidopsis accessions to analyze the root cell morphological responses. We found that osmotic stress conditions reduced root growth and root apical meristem (RAM) size, promoting premature cell differentiation without affecting the stem cell niche morphology. This phenotype was accompanied by a cluster of small epidermal and cortex cells with radial expansion and root hairs at the transition to the elongation zone. We also found this radial expansion with root hairs when plants are grown under hypoosmotic conditions. Finally, root growth was less affected by osmotic stress in the Sg-2 accession followed by Ws, Cvi-0, and Col-0; however, after a strong osmotic stress, Sg-2 and Cvi-0 were the most resilience accessions. The sensitivity differences among these accessions were not explained by stress-related gene expression. This work provides new cellular insights on the Arabidopsis root phenotypic variability and plasticity to osmotic stress.
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107
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Bailey-Serres J, Parker JE, Ainsworth EA, Oldroyd GED, Schroeder JI. Genetic strategies for improving crop yields. Nature 2019; 575:109-118. [PMID: 31695205 PMCID: PMC7024682 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1679-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 481] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The current trajectory for crop yields is insufficient to nourish the world's population by 20501. Greater and more consistent crop production must be achieved against a backdrop of climatic stress that limits yields, owing to shifts in pests and pathogens, precipitation, heat-waves and other weather extremes. Here we consider the potential of plant sciences to address post-Green Revolution challenges in agriculture and explore emerging strategies for enhancing sustainable crop production and resilience in a changing climate. Accelerated crop improvement must leverage naturally evolved traits and transformative engineering driven by mechanistic understanding, to yield the resilient production systems that are needed to ensure future harvests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Bailey-Serres
- Center for Plant Cell Biology and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.
- Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Jane E Parker
- Department of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Cologne, Germany
| | - Elizabeth A Ainsworth
- Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Julian I Schroeder
- Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Food and Fuel for the 21st Century, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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108
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Bailey-Serres J, Parker JE, Ainsworth EA, Oldroyd GED, Schroeder JI. Genetic strategies for improving crop yields. Nature 2019. [PMID: 31695205 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1679-1670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
The current trajectory for crop yields is insufficient to nourish the world's population by 20501. Greater and more consistent crop production must be achieved against a backdrop of climatic stress that limits yields, owing to shifts in pests and pathogens, precipitation, heat-waves and other weather extremes. Here we consider the potential of plant sciences to address post-Green Revolution challenges in agriculture and explore emerging strategies for enhancing sustainable crop production and resilience in a changing climate. Accelerated crop improvement must leverage naturally evolved traits and transformative engineering driven by mechanistic understanding, to yield the resilient production systems that are needed to ensure future harvests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Bailey-Serres
- Center for Plant Cell Biology and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.
- Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Jane E Parker
- Department of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Cologne, Germany
| | - Elizabeth A Ainsworth
- Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Julian I Schroeder
- Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Food and Fuel for the 21st Century, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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109
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Abstract
Roots provide the primary mechanism that plants use to absorb water and nutrients from their environment. These functions are dependent on developmental mechanisms that direct root growth and branching into regions of soil where these resources are relatively abundant. Water is the most limiting factor for plant growth, and its availability is determined by the weather, soil structure, and salinity. In this review, we define the developmental pathways that regulate the direction of growth and branching pattern of the root system, which together determine the expanse of soil from which a plant can access water. The ability of plants to regulate development in response to the spatial distribution of water is a focus of many recent studies and provides a model for understanding how biological systems utilize positional cues to affect signaling and morphogenesis. A better understanding of these processes will inform approaches to improve crop water use efficiency to more sustainably feed a growing population.
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Affiliation(s)
- José R. Dinneny
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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110
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Kale L, Nakurte I, Jalakas P, Kunga-Jegere L, Brosché M, Rostoks N. Arabidopsis mutant dnd2 exhibits increased auxin and abscisic acid content and reduced stomatal conductance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 140:18-26. [PMID: 31078052 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel gene 4 (AtCNGC4) loss-of-function mutant dnd2 exhibits elevated accumulation of salicylic acid (SA), dwarfed morphology, reduced hypersensitive response (HR), altered disease resistance and spontaneous lesions on plant leaves. An orthologous barley mutant, nec1, has been reported to over-accumulate indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and to exhibit changes in stomatal regulation in response to exogenous auxin. Here we show that the Arabidopsis dnd2 over-accumulates both IAA and abscisic acid (ABA) and displays related phenotypic and physiological changes, such as, reduced stomatal size, higher stomatal density and stomatal index. dnd2 showed increased salt tolerance in root growth assay and significantly reduced stomatal conductance, while maintaining near wt reaction in stomatal conductance upon external application of ABA, and probably consequently increased drought stress tolerance. Introduction of both sid2-1 and fmo1 into dnd2 background resulting in removal of SA did not alter stomatal conductance. Hence, the closed stomata of dnd2 is probably a result of increased ABA levels and not increased SA levels. The triple dnd2sid2abi1-1 mutant exhibited intermediate stomatal conductance compared to dnd2 and abi1-1 (ABA insensitive, open stomata), while the response to external ABA was as in abi1-1 suggesting that reduced stomatal conductance in dnd2 is not due to impaired ABA signaling. In conclusion, Arabidopsis dnd2 mutant exhibited ABA overaccumulation and stomatal phenotypes, which may contribute to the observed improvement in drought stress resistance. Thus, Arabidopsis dnd2 mutant may serve as a model for studying crosstalk between biotic and abiotic stress and hormonal response in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liga Kale
- Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Street, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Ilva Nakurte
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Street, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Pirko Jalakas
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Laura Kunga-Jegere
- Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Street, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Mikael Brosché
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu, 50411, Estonia; Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nils Rostoks
- Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Street, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia.
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111
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Santos Teixeira JA, Ten Tusscher KH. The Systems Biology of Lateral Root Formation: Connecting the Dots. MOLECULAR PLANT 2019; 12:784-803. [PMID: 30953788 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The root system is a major determinant of a plant's access to water and nutrients. The architecture of the root system to a large extent depends on the repeated formation of new lateral roots. In this review, we discuss lateral root development from a systems biology perspective. We focus on studies combining experiments with computational modeling that have advanced our understanding of how the auxin-centered regulatory modules involved in different stages of lateral root development exert their specific functions. Moreover, we discuss how these regulatory networks may enable robust transitions from one developmental stage to the next, a subject that thus far has received limited attention. In addition, we analyze how environmental factors impinge on these modules, and the different manners in which these environmental signals are being integrated to enable coordinated developmental decision making. Finally, we provide some suggestions for extending current models of lateral root development to incorporate multiple processes and stages. Only through more comprehensive models we can fully elucidate the cooperative effects of multiple processes on later root formation, and how one stage drives the transition to the next.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Santos Teixeira
- Computational Developmental Biology Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - K H Ten Tusscher
- Computational Developmental Biology Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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112
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Luo X, Wang B, Gao S, Zhang F, Terzaghi W, Dai M. Genome-wide association study dissects the genetic bases of salt tolerance in maize seedlings. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 61:658-674. [PMID: 30803125 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Excess salinity is a natural stress that causes crop yield losses worldwide. The genetic bases of maize salt tolerance remain largely unknown. Here we investigated the survival rates of 445 maize natural accessions after salt treatments. A skewed distribution of the salt-tolerant phenotypes was observed in this population. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) revealed 57 loci significantly associated with salt tolerance. Forty-nine candidate genes were detected from these loci. About 10% of these genes were co-localized with loci from QTL mapping. Forty four percent of the candidate genes were involved in stress responses, ABA signaling, stomata division, DNA binding/transcription regulation and auxin signaling, suggesting that they are key genetic mechanisms of maize salt tolerance. Transgenic studies showed that two genes, the salt-tolerance-associated-gene 4 (SAG4, GRMZM2G077295) and SAG6 (GRMZM2G106056), which encode a protein transport protein and the double-strand break repair protein MRE11, respectively, had positive roles in plant salt tolerance, and their salt-tolerant haplotypes were revealed. The genes we identified in this study provide a list of candidate targets for further study of maize salt tolerance, and of genetic markers and materials that may be used for breeding salt-tolerance in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bingcai Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shan Gao
- College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alaer, 843300, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - William Terzaghi
- Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, 18766, USA
| | - Mingqiu Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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113
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Magallon KJ, Dinneny JR. Environmental Stress: Salinity Ruins a Plant's Day in the Sun. Curr Biol 2019; 29:R360-R362. [PMID: 31112684 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
New research reveals how low levels of salinity in soil inhibit a plant's ability to respond to shade through a signaling mechanism involving the plant stress hormone abscisic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie J Magallon
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - José R Dinneny
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford University, Department of Biology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Scharwies JD, Dinneny JR. Water transport, perception, and response in plants. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2019; 132:311-324. [PMID: 30747327 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-019-01089-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Sufficient water availability in the environment is critical for plant survival. Perception of water by plants is necessary to balance water uptake and water loss and to control plant growth. Plant physiology and soil science research have contributed greatly to our understanding of how water moves through soil, is taken up by roots, and moves to leaves where it is lost to the atmosphere by transpiration. Water uptake from the soil is affected by soil texture itself and soil water content. Hydraulic resistances for water flow through soil can be a major limitation for plant water uptake. Changes in water supply and water loss affect water potential gradients inside plants. Likewise, growth creates water potential gradients. It is known that plants respond to changes in these gradients. Water flow and loss are controlled through stomata and regulation of hydraulic conductance via aquaporins. When water availability declines, water loss is limited through stomatal closure and by adjusting hydraulic conductance to maintain cell turgor. Plants also adapt to changes in water supply by growing their roots towards water and through refinements to their root system architecture. Mechanosensitive ion channels, aquaporins, proteins that sense the cell wall and cell membrane environment, and proteins that change conformation in response to osmotic or turgor changes could serve as putative sensors. Future research is required to better understand processes in the rhizosphere during soil drying and how plants respond to spatial differences in water availability. It remains to be investigated how changes in water availability and water loss affect different tissues and cells in plants and how these biophysical signals are translated into chemical signals that feed into signaling pathways like abscisic acid response or organ development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Daniel Scharwies
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, 371 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - José R Dinneny
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, 371 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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115
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Kaundal A, Sandhu D, Duenas M, Ferreira JFS. Expression of the high-affinity K+ transporter 1 (PpHKT1) gene from almond rootstock 'Nemaguard' improved salt tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214473. [PMID: 30913281 PMCID: PMC6435114 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity affects plant growth and development, which directly impact yield. Plants deploy many mechanisms to cope with, or mitigate, salt stress. One of such mechanism is to control movement of ions from root to shoot by regulating the loading of Na+ in the transpiration stream. The high-affinity K+ transporter 1 (HKT1) is known to play a role in the removal of Na+ from the xylem and bring it back to the root. As almond is a salt-sensitive crop, the rootstock plays an important role in successful almond cultivation in salt-affected regions. We currently lack knowledge on the molecular mechanisms involved in salt tolerance of almond rootstocks. In this study, we complemented the Arabidopsis athkt1 knockout mutant with HKT1 ortholog (PpHKT1) from the almond rootstock ‘Nemaguard’. Arabidopsis transgenic lines that were generated in athkt1 background with the constitutive promoter (PpHKT1OE2.2) and the native promoter (PpHKT1NP6) were subjected to different salt treatments. Both transgenic lines survived salt concentrations up to 120 mM NaCl, however, the mutant athkt1 died after 18 days under 120 mM NaCl. At 90 mM NaCl, the dry weight of athkt1 decreased significantly compared to the transgenic lines. Both transgenic lines showed significantly longer lateral roots compared to the athkt1 mutant at 80 mM NaCl treatment. The transgenic lines, PpHKT1OE2.2 and PpHKTNP6 had lower electrolyte leakage and higher relative water content compared to athkt1, suggesting that transgenic plants coped well with increased salt concentration by maintaining the integrity of the membranes. The expression analyses showed that PpHKT1 was induced in PpHKT1OE2.2 and PpHKTNP6 lines under salt treatment, which confirmed that both over-expression and native expression of PpHKT1 in the Arabidopsis mutant can complement salt tolerance function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amita Kaundal
- USDA-ARS, US Salinity Lab, Riverside, California, United States of America
- College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, United States of America
| | - Devinder Sandhu
- USDA-ARS, US Salinity Lab, Riverside, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Marco Duenas
- USDA-ARS, US Salinity Lab, Riverside, California, United States of America
- College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
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116
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Eida AA, Alzubaidy HS, de Zélicourt A, Synek L, Alsharif W, Lafi FF, Hirt H, Saad MM. Phylogenetically diverse endophytic bacteria from desert plants induce transcriptional changes of tissue-specific ion transporters and salinity stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 280:228-240. [PMID: 30824001 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Salinity severely hampers crop productivity worldwide and plant growth promoting bacteria could serve as a sustainable solution to improve plant growth under salt stress. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying salt stress tolerance promotion by beneficial bacteria remain unclear. In this work, six bacterial isolates from four different desert plant species were screened for their biochemical plant growth promoting traits and salinity stress tolerance promotion of the unknown host plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Five of the isolates induced variable root phenotypes but could all increase plant shoot and root weight under salinity stress. Inoculation of Arabidopsis with five isolates under salinity stress resulted in tissue-specific transcriptional changes of ion transporters and reduced Na+/K+ shoot ratios. The work provides first insights into the possible mechanisms and the commonality by which phylogenetically diverse bacteria from different desert plants induce salinity stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. The bacterial isolates provide new tools for studying abiotic stress tolerance mechanisms in plants and a promising agricultural solution for increasing crop yields in semi-arid regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Aziz Eida
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Desert Agriculture Initiative, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 6900-23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanin S Alzubaidy
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Desert Agriculture Initiative, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 6900-23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia
| | - Axel de Zélicourt
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Desert Agriculture Initiative, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 6900-23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lukáš Synek
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Desert Agriculture Initiative, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 6900-23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wiam Alsharif
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Desert Agriculture Initiative, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 6900-23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia
| | - Feras F Lafi
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Desert Agriculture Initiative, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 6900-23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heribert Hirt
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Desert Agriculture Initiative, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 6900-23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Maged M Saad
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Desert Agriculture Initiative, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 6900-23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia
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117
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Yu J, Niu L, Yu J, Liao W, Xie J, Lv J, Feng Z, Hu L, Dawuda MM. The Involvement of Ethylene in Calcium-Induced Adventitious Root Formation in Cucumber under Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1047. [PMID: 30823363 PMCID: PMC6429442 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium and ethylene are essential in plant growth and development. In this study, we investigated the effects of calcium and ethylene on adventitious root formation in cucumber explants under salt stress. The results revealed that 10 μM calcium chloride (CaCl₂) or 0.1 μM ethrel (ethylene donor) treatment have a maximum biological effect on promoting the adventitious rooting in cucumber under salt stress. Meanwhile, we investigated that removal of ethylene suppressed calcium ion (Ca2+)-induced the formation of adventitious root under salt stress indicated that ethylene participates in this process. Moreover, the application of Ca2+ promoted the activities of 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid synthase (ACS) and ACC Oxidase (ACO), as well as the production of 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid (ACC) and ethylene under salt stress. Furthermore, we discovered that Ca2+ greatly up-regulated the expression level of CsACS3, CsACO1 and CsACO2 under salt stress. Meanwhile, Ca2+ significantly down-regulated CsETR1, CsETR2, CsERS, and CsCTR1, but positively up-regulated the expression of CsEIN2 and CsEIN3 under salt stress; however, the application of Ca2+ chelators or channel inhibitors could obviously reverse the effects of Ca2+ on the expression of the above genes. These results indicated that Ca2+ played a vital role in promoting the adventitious root development in cucumber under salt stress through regulating endogenous ethylene synthesis and activating the ethylene signal transduction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Lijuan Niu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Jihua Yu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Weibiao Liao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Jianming Xie
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Jian Lv
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Zhi Feng
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Linli Hu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Mohammed Mujitaba Dawuda
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
- Horticulture Department, FoA University For Development Studies, Box TL 1350 Tamale, Ghana.
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118
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Sánchez-Montesino R, Bouza-Morcillo L, Marquez J, Ghita M, Duran-Nebreda S, Gómez L, Holdsworth MJ, Bassel G, Oñate-Sánchez L. A Regulatory Module Controlling GA-Mediated Endosperm Cell Expansion Is Critical for Seed Germination in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2019; 12:71-85. [PMID: 30419294 PMCID: PMC7086157 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
A key component of seed germination is the interplay of mechanical forces governing embryo growth and the surrounding restraining endosperm tissue. Endosperm cell separation is therefore thought to play a critical role in the control of this developmental transition. Here we demonstrate that in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds, endosperm cell expansion is a key component of germination. Endosperm cells expand to accommodate embryo growth prior to germination. We show that this is an actively regulated process supported by spatiotemporal control of the cell expansion gene EXPANSIN 2 (EXPA2). The NAC transcription factors NAC25 and NAC1L were identified as upstream regulators of EXPA2 expression, gibberellin-mediated endosperm expansion, and seed germination. The DELLA protein RGL2 repressed activation of the EXPA2 promoter by NAC25/NAC1L. Taken together, our findings uncover a key role of the GA/DELLA-NAC25/NAC1L-EXPA2 network in regulating endosperm cell expansion to control the seed-to-seedling transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Sánchez-Montesino
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid 28223, Spain
| | - Laura Bouza-Morcillo
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid 28223, Spain
| | - Julietta Marquez
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Melania Ghita
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | | | - Luis Gómez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid 28223, Spain; Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, E.T.S.I. Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Campus de Moncloa, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - George Bassel
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Luis Oñate-Sánchez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid 28223, Spain.
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119
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Bloch D, Puli MR, Mosquna A, Yalovsky S. Abiotic stress modulates root patterning via ABA-regulated microRNA expression in the endodermis initials. Development 2019; 146:dev.177097. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.177097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Patterning of the root xylem into protoxylem (PX) and metaxylem is regulated by auxin-cytokinin signaling and microRNA miR165a/166b-mediated suppression of genes encoding Class III HOMEODOMAIN LEU-ZIPPER (HD-ZIPIII) proteins. We found that in Arabidopsis osmotic stress via core abscisic acid (ABA) signaling in meristematic endodermal cells induces differentiation of PX in radial and longitudinal axes in association with increased VND7 expression. Similarly, in tomato ABA enhanced PX differentiation in the longitudinally and radially, indicating an evolutionarily conserved mechanism. ABA increased expression of miR165a/166b and reduced expression of miR165a/166b repressor ARGONAOUTE10/ZWILLE, resulting in reduced levels of all five HD-ZIPIII RNAs. ABA treatments failed to induce additional PX files in a miR165a/166b-resistant PHB mutant, phb1-d, and in scr and shr mutants, in which miR165a/166b expression are strongly reduced. Thus, ABA regulates xylem patterning and maturation via miR165a/166b-regulated expression of HD-ZIPIII mRNAs and associated VND7 levels. In lateral root initials, ABA induced increase in miR165a levels in endodermal precursors and inhibited their reduction in the future quiescent center specifically at pre-emergence stage. Hence, ABA-induced inhibition of lateral root is associated with reduced HD-ZIPIII levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Bloch
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Malikarjuna Rao Puli
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Assaf Mosquna
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Shaul Yalovsky
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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120
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Köster P, Wallrad L, Edel KH, Faisal M, Alatar AA, Kudla J. The battle of two ions: Ca 2+ signalling against Na + stress. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2019; 21 Suppl 1:39-48. [PMID: 29411929 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity adversely affects plant growth, crop yield and the composition of ecosystems. Salinity stress impacts plants by combined effects of Na+ toxicity and osmotic perturbation. Plants have evolved elaborate mechanisms to counteract the detrimental consequences of salinity. Here we reflect on recent advances in our understanding of plant salt tolerance mechanisms. We discuss the embedding of the salt tolerance-mediating SOS pathway in plant hormonal and developmental adaptation. Moreover, we review newly accumulating evidence indicating a crucial role of a transpiration-dependent salinity tolerance pathway, that is centred around the function of the NADPH oxidase RBOHF and its role in endodermal and Casparian strip differentiation. Together, these data suggest a unifying and coordinating role for Ca2+ signalling in combating salinity stress at the cellular and organismal level.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Köster
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - L Wallrad
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - K H Edel
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - M Faisal
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A Alatar
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - J Kudla
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
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121
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Denver JB, Ullah H. miR393s regulate salt stress response pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana through scaffold protein RACK1A mediated ABA signaling pathways. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2019; 14:1600394. [PMID: 31021701 PMCID: PMC6546147 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2019.1600394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Scaffold protein Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1 (RACK1) is a negative regulator of plant stress hormone - abscisic acid (ABA) mediated pathways. RACK1 has been reported to regulate global miRNA biogenesis pathway in C. elegans, humans, and in Arabidopsis. RACK1 regulates different steps of miRNA biogenesis and stability in response to different stimuli in plants. miR393s is implicated in salt stress response pathway through an antagonistic response between the stress hormone ABA-mediated salt stress and growth hormone auxin. Specifically, the known auxin receptor clade transcripts TIR1/AFB2 are the target for the miR393s. By down-regulating the auxin signaling pathways, the miR393s inhibit the regulation of salt tolerance by auxin. Here we show that genetic loss of RACK1A- the predominant member of the three genes family of RACK1 in Arabidopsis, results in the inhibition of miR393 level causing the same salt sensitivities as the individual mir393a or mir393b or the double mutant mir393ab phenotypes. We propose that down-regulation of auxin signaling through RACK1A induced miR393 biogenesis potentially regulates the Arabidopsis acclimation to salinity. Our findings fill up a molecular gap in our understanding of the role of miR393 mediated ABA and auxin-regulated salt stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hemayet Ullah
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
- CONTACT Hemayet Ullah Department of Biology, Howard University, 415 College St., NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA
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122
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Lu C, Chen MX, Liu R, Zhang L, Hou X, Liu S, Ding X, Jiang Y, Xu J, Zhang J, Zhao X, Liu YG. Abscisic Acid Regulates Auxin Distribution to Mediate Maize Lateral Root Development Under Salt Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:716. [PMID: 31231407 PMCID: PMC6560076 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Roots are important plant organs. Lateral root (LR) initiation (LRI) and development play a central role in environmental adaptation. The mechanism of LR development has been well investigated in Arabidopsis. When we evaluated the distribution of auxin and abscisic acid (ABA) in maize, we found that the mechanism differed from that in Arabidopsis. The distribution of ABA and auxin within the primary roots (PRs) and LRs was independent of each other. Auxin localization was observed below the quiescent center of the root tips, while ABA localized at the top of the quiescent center. Furthermore, NaCl inhibited LRI by increasing ABA accumulation, which mainly regulates auxin distribution, while auxin biosynthesis was inhibited by ABA in Arabidopsis. The polar localization of ZmPIN1 in maize was disrupted by NaCl and exogenous ABA. An inhibitor of ABA biosynthesis, fluridone (FLU), and the ABA biosynthesis mutant vp14 rescued the phenotype under NaCl treatment. Together, all the evidence suggested that NaCl promoted ABA accumulation in LRs and that ABA altered the polar localization of ZmPIN1, disrupted the distribution of auxin and inhibited LRI and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongchong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Mo-Xian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shatin, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuanxuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Shouxu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Xinhua Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- National Oceanography Centre, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiandi Xu
- Rice Research Institute, Shandong Agricultural Research Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shatin, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Xiangyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Ying-Gao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- *Correspondence: Ying-Gao Liu, ;
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123
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Zörb C, Geilfus CM, Dietz KJ. Salinity and crop yield. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2019; 21 Suppl 1:31-38. [PMID: 30059606 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Thirty crop species provide 90% of our food, most of which display severe yield losses under moderate salinity. Securing and augmenting agricultural yield in times of global warming and population increase is urgent and should, aside from ameliorating saline soils, include attempts to increase crop plant salt tolerance. This short review provides an overview of the processes that limit growth and yield in saline conditions. Yield is reduced if soil salinity surpasses crop-specific thresholds, with cotton, barley and sugar beet being highly tolerant, while sweet potato, wheat and maize display high sensitivity. Apart from Na+ , also Cl- , Mg2+ , SO4 2- or HCO3 - contribute to salt toxicity. The inhibition of biochemical or physiological processes cause imbalance in metabolism and cell signalling and enhance the production of reactive oxygen species interfering with cell redox and energy state. Plant development and root patterning is disturbed, and this response depends on redox and reactive oxygen species signalling, calcium and plant hormones. The interlink of the physiological understanding of tolerance processes from molecular processes as well as the agronomical techniques for stabilizing growth and yield and their interlinks might help improving our crops for future demand and will provide improvement for cultivating crops in saline environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zörb
- Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - C-M Geilfus
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Division of Controlled Environment Horticulture, Humboldt Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - K-J Dietz
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Universität Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
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124
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Abstract
Plant growth and productivity are greatly impacted by environmental stresses. Therefore, plants have evolved mechanisms which allow them to adapt to abiotic stresses through alterations in gene expression and metabolism. In recent years, studies have investigated the role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in regulating gene expression in plants and characterized their involvement in various biological functions through their regulation of DNA methylation, DNA structural modifications, histone modifications, and RNA-RNA interactions. Genome-wide transcriptome analyses have identified various types of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that respond to abiotic stress. These ncRNAs are in addition to the well-known housekeeping ncRNAs, such as rRNAs, tRNAs, snoRNAs, and snRNAs. In this review, recent research pertaining to the role of lncRNAs in the response of plants to abiotic stress is summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Matsui
- Plant Genomic Network Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
- Plant Epigenome Regulation Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Motoaki Seki
- Plant Genomic Network Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
- Plant Epigenome Regulation Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama, Japan.
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan.
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125
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Chen H, Xu N, Wu Q, Yu B, Chu Y, Li X, Huang J, Jin L. OsMADS27 regulates the root development in a NO 3--Dependent manner and modulates the salt tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.). PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 277:20-32. [PMID: 30466586 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OsMADS27 is one of the ANR1-like homologues in rice, whreas its functions in plant growth and development as well as the abiotic stress responses remain unclear. Here we investigated the roles of OsMADS27 in the root development in response to NO3- availability. Constitutive expression of OsMADS27 significantly inhibited the elongation of primary root (PR), but enhanced lateral root (LR) formation in a NO3--dependent manner. Furthermore, OsMADS27 overexpression promoted NO3- accumulation as well as the expression of NO3- transporter genes. ABA is reported to play an important role in mediating the effects of NO3- on the root development, thus it is supposed that OsMADS27 might regulate the root growth and development by ABA pathway. The root growth and development in OsMADS27 overexpression lines was shown to be more sensitive to exogenous ABA than wild type. Moreover, under NO3- conditions, higher levels of ABA accumulates in OsMADS27 overexpression plants. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays showed that OsMADS27 physically interacts with ABA-INSENSITIVE5 (OsABI5) via DELLA protein OsSLR1. More importantly, OsMADS27 overexpression could enhance the salt tolerance. Taken together, our findings suggested that OsMADS27 is an important regulator controlling the root system development and adaption to osmotic stress in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, PR China
| | - Ning Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, PR China
| | - Qi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, PR China
| | - Bo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, PR China
| | - Yanli Chu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, PR China
| | - Xingxing Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, PR China
| | - Junli Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, PR China.
| | - Liang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, PR China.
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PYL8 mediates ABA perception in the root through non-cell-autonomous and ligand-stabilization-based mechanisms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E11857-E11863. [PMID: 30482863 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1815410115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a key role regulating root growth, root system architecture, and root adaptive responses, such as hydrotropism. The molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate the action of core ABA signaling components in roots are not fully understood. ABA is perceived through receptors from the PYR/PYL/RCAR family and PP2C coreceptors. PYL8/RCAR3 plays a nonredundant role in regulating primary and lateral root growth. Here we demonstrate that ABA specifically stabilizes PYL8 compared with other ABA receptors and induces accumulation of PYL8 in root nuclei. This requires ABA perception by PYL8 and leads to diminished ubiquitination of PYL8 in roots. The ABA agonist quinabactin, which promotes root ABA signaling through dimeric receptors, fails to stabilize the monomeric receptor PYL8. Moreover, a PYL8 mutant unable to bind ABA and inhibit PP2C is not stabilized by the ligand, whereas a PYL85KR mutant is more stable than PYL8 at endogenous ABA concentrations. The PYL8 transcript was detected in the epidermis and stele of the root meristem; however, the PYL8 protein was also detected in adjacent tissues. Expression of PYL8 driven by tissue-specific promoters revealed movement to adjacent tissues. Hence both inter- and intracellular trafficking of PYL8 appears to occur in the root apical meristem. Our findings reveal a non-cell-autonomous mechanism for hormone receptors and help explain the nonredundant role of PYL8-mediated root ABA signaling.
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127
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Su Y, Li W, Huang Z, Wang R, Luo W, Liu Q, Tong J, Xiao L. Sensitive and high throughput quantification of abscisic acid based on quantitative real time immuno-PCR. PLANT METHODS 2018; 14:104. [PMID: 30534191 PMCID: PMC6260876 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-018-0371-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abscisic acid (ABA) functions as a stress phytohormone in many growth and developmental processes in plants. The ultra-sensitive determination of ABA would help to better understand its vital roles and action mechanisms. RESULTS We report a new sensitive and high throughput quantitative real time immuno-PCR (qIPCR) method based on biotin-avidin linkage system for ABA determination in plants. ABA monoclonal antibody (McAb) coated on the inner surface of PCR well pretreated with glutaraldehyde. The pre-prepared probe complex, including biotinylated McAb, biotinylated DNA and streptavidin linker, was convenient for high throughput operations. Finally, probe DNA was quantified by real-time PCR. The detectable ranges were from 10 to 40 ng/L with a limit of detection (LOD) of 2.5 fg. ABA contents in plant sample were simultaneously analyzed using LC-MS/MS to validate the qIPCR method. The results showed that qIPCR method has good specificity and repeatability with a recovery rate of 96.9%. CONCLUSION The qIPCR method is highly sensitive for ABA quantification for actual plant samples with an advantage of using crude extracts instead of intensively purified samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Su
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Tea Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agriculture Science, Changsha, 410125 China
| | - Zhigang Huang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruozhong Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Weigui Luo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianhua Tong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Langtao Xiao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Formentin E, Barizza E, Stevanato P, Falda M, Massa F, Tarkowskà D, Novák O, Lo Schiavo F. Fast Regulation of Hormone Metabolism Contributes to Salt Tolerance in Rice ( Oryzasativa spp. Japonica, L.) by Inducing Specific Morpho-Physiological Responses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 7:E75. [PMID: 30223560 PMCID: PMC6161274 DOI: 10.3390/plants7030075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Clear evidence has highlighted a role for hormones in the plant stress response, including salt stress. Interplay and cross-talk among different hormonal pathways are of vital importance in abiotic stress tolerance. A genome-wide transcriptional analysis was performed on leaves and roots of three-day salt treated and untreated plants of two Italian rice varieties, Baldo and Vialone Nano, which differ in salt sensitivity. Genes correlated with hormonal pathways were identified and analyzed. The contents of abscisic acid, indoleacetic acid, cytokinins, and gibberellins were measured in roots, stems, and leaves of seedlings exposed for one and three days to salt stress. From the transcriptomic analysis, a huge number of genes emerged as being involved in hormone regulation in response to salt stress. The expression profile of genes involved in biosynthesis, signaling, response, catabolism, and conjugation of phytohormones was analyzed and integrated with the measurements of hormones in roots, stems, and leaves of seedlings. Significant changes in the hormone levels, along with differences in morphological responses, emerged between the two varieties. These results support the faster regulation of hormones metabolism in the tolerant variety that allows a prompt growth reprogramming and the setting up of an acclimation program, leading to specific morpho-physiological responses and growth recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elide Formentin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy.
| | | | - Piergiorgio Stevanato
- Department of Agronomy, Animals, Natural Resources and Environment-DAFNAE, University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro (Padova), Italy.
| | - Marco Falda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Viale G.Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy.
| | - Federica Massa
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy.
| | - Danuše Tarkowskà
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR & Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR & Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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129
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Das P, Manna I, Biswas AK, Bandyopadhyay M. Exogenous silicon alters ascorbate-glutathione cycle in two salt-stressed indica rice cultivars (MTU 1010 and Nonabokra). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:26625-26642. [PMID: 30003482 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2659-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Silicon is widely available in soil and is known to mitigate both biotic and abiotic stress in plants. Very low doses of silicon are becoming increasingly essential in rice for biofortification and preventing water loss. Soil salinity is a matter of grave concern in various parts of the world, and silicon is a suitable candidate to mitigate salinity-induced stress of important plants in affected areas. The present study investigates the protective capability of exogenously applied silicon in ameliorating NaCl-induced toxicity in two rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, the salt-sensitive MTU 1010, and salt-tolerant Nonabokra. Rice seedlings were treated with three doses of NaCl (25, 50, and 100 mM), initially alone and subsequently in combination with 2 mM sodium silicate (Na2SiO3, 9H2O). After 21 days, these plants were examined to determine levels of reduced glutathione, ascorbic acid, cysteine, and activities of different enzymes involved in the ascorbate-glutathione cycle, viz., glutathione reductase (GR), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione S-transferase (GST). Though ROS levels increased in both the cultivars with increasing NaCl concentrations, cv. MTU 1010 accumulated comparatively higher amounts. A differential response of NaCl-induced toxicity on the two cultivars was observed with respect to the various enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. APX and GST activities, as well as, cysteine contents, increased concomitantly with salt concentrations, whereas GR activity declined at increasing salt concentrations, in both cultivars. Activity of GPx increased in cv. Nonabokra but declined in cv. MTU 1010, under similar NaCl concentrations. Reduced glutathione (GSH) contents decreased in both cultivars, whereas ascorbate contents declined in only the sensitive cultivar. Application of silicon, along with NaCl, in the test seedlings of both the cultivars, reduced ROS accumulation and boosted antioxidant defense mechanism, through enhancing ascorbate and GSH levels, and activities of ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzymes as well. However, amelioration of salt-induced damages in the sensitive cv. MTU 1010 was more pronounced upon silicon administration, than the tolerant cv. Nonabokra. Thus, cv. MTU 1010 was found to be more responsive to applied silicon. Hence, this study was instrumental in realizing a successful strategy in silicon-mediated amelioration of salinity stress in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabal Das
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department Of Botany, Ballygunge Science College, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Indrani Manna
- Plant Molecular Cytogenetics Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department Of Botany, Ballygunge Science College, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Asok K Biswas
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department Of Botany, Ballygunge Science College, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Maumita Bandyopadhyay
- Plant Molecular Cytogenetics Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department Of Botany, Ballygunge Science College, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India.
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130
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Wu R, Duan L, Pruneda-Paz JL, Oh DH, Pound M, Kay S, Dinneny JR. The 6xABRE Synthetic Promoter Enables the Spatiotemporal Analysis of ABA-Mediated Transcriptional Regulation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 177:1650-1665. [PMID: 29884679 PMCID: PMC6084650 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The water stress-associated hormone abscisic acid (ABA) acts through a well-defined signal transduction cascade to mediate downstream transcriptional events important for acclimation to stress. Although ABA signaling is known to function in specific tissues to regulate root growth, little is understood regarding the spatial pattern of ABA-mediated transcriptional regulation. Here, we describe the construction and evaluation of an ABSCISIC ACID RESPONSIVE ELEMENT (ABRE)-based synthetic promoter reporter that reveals the transcriptional response of tissues to different levels of exogenous ABA and stresses. Genome-scale yeast one-hybrid screens complemented these approaches and revealed how promoter sequence and architecture affect the recruitment of diverse transcription factors (TFs) to the ABRE. Our analysis also revealed ABA-independent activity of the ABRE-reporter under nonstress conditions, with expression being enriched at the quiescent center and stem cell niche. We show that the WUSCHEL RELATED HOMEOBOX5 and NAC DOMAIN PROTEIN13 TFs regulate QC/SCN expression of the ABRE reporter, which highlights the convergence of developmental and DNA-damage signaling pathways onto this cis-element in the absence of water stress. This work establishes a tool to study the spatial pattern of ABA-mediated transcriptional regulation and a repertoire of TF-ABRE interactions that contribute to the developmental and environmental control of gene expression in roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wu
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, California 94305
- Temasek Lifesciences Laboratory, 117604, Singapore, Singapore
- National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lina Duan
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, California 94305
| | - José L Pruneda-Paz
- University of California San Diego, Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Dong-Ha Oh
- Louisiana State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803
| | - Michael Pound
- University of Nottingham, School of Computer Science, Jubilee Campus, Nottingham, NG8 1BB, United Kingdom
| | - Steve Kay
- University of Southern California, The Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - José R Dinneny
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, California 94305
- Temasek Lifesciences Laboratory, 117604, Singapore, Singapore
- National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
- Stanford University, Department of Biology, Stanford, California 94305
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131
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Guo J, Chen G, Zhang X, Li T, Yu H, Liu C. Quantitative trait locus analysis of adventitious and lateral root morphology of barley grown at low and high P. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2018; 45:957-967. [PMID: 32291059 DOI: 10.1071/fp17271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L) may alter its root morphology to improve P acquisition efficiency under low-P (LP) stress. This research studied the variations in adventitious and lateral root morphological traits of barley and mapped their quantitative trait loci (QTLs) under LP and high P (HP). The recombinant inbred lines were derived from the F1 population of a cross between CN4027 and Baudin. Two experiments aimed to identify QTLs related to adventitious and lateral root morphological traits under LP and HP. The length, surface area and volume of adventitious and lateral roots were measured. Under HP, Baudin had larger root morphology, especially lateral root morphology, than CN4027. LP stress induced lateral root growth but inhibited adventitious root growth. Nineteen QTLs for root morphological traits were detected. These QTLs clustered within four regions (Cl-2H, Cl-3H, Cl-4H and Cl-7H) on chromosomes 2H, 3H, 4H and 7H, with corresponding contributions of 12.0-42.9%. Some QTLs are linked with the QTLs for P efficiency detected previously, demonstrating the role of root morphological traits in P efficiency. The Cl-2H region was identified in the interval bPb3927665-bPb3265744 on chromosome 2H and had major effects on lateral root growth, especially under LP. Lateral root length and surface area increased when alleles from Baudin were present at the QTLs in Cl-2H. This study demonstrated the patterns of growth among root types and the role of lateral roots in barley's adaption to LP stress. The QTL clusters, especially Cl-2H, may offer clues for fine mapping and map-based cloning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Guo
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Guangdeng Chen
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xizhou Zhang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Tingxuan Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Haiying Yu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chunji Liu
- CSIRO Agriculture, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia
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132
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Punzo P, Ruggiero A, Possenti M, Nurcato R, Costa A, Morelli G, Grillo S, Batelli G. The PP2A-interactor TIP41 modulates ABA responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 94:991-1009. [PMID: 29602224 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Modulation of growth in response to environmental cues is a fundamental aspect of plant adaptation to abiotic stresses. TIP41 (TAP42 INTERACTING PROTEIN OF 41 kDa) is the Arabidopsis thaliana orthologue of proteins isolated in mammals and yeast that participate in the Target-of-Rapamycin (TOR) pathway, which modifies cell growth in response to nutrient status and environmental conditions. Here, we characterized the function of TIP41 in Arabidopsis. Expression analyses showed that TIP41 is constitutively expressed in vascular tissues, and is induced following long-term exposure to NaCl, polyethylene glycol and abscisic acid (ABA), suggesting a role of TIP41 in adaptation to abiotic stress. Visualization of a fusion protein with yellow fluorescent protein indicated that TIP41 is localized in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Abolished expression of TIP41 results in smaller plants with a lower number of rosette leaves and lateral roots, and an increased sensitivity to treatments with chemical TOR inhibitors, indicating that TOR signalling is affected in these mutants. In addition, tip41 mutants are hypersensitive to ABA at germination and seedling stage, whereas over-expressing plants show higher tolerance. Several TOR- and ABA-responsive genes are differentially expressed in tip41, including iron homeostasis, senescence and ethylene-associated genes. In yeast and mammals, TIP41 provides a link between the TOR pathway and the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), which in plants participates in several ABA-mediated mechanisms. Here, we showed an interaction of TIP41 with the catalytic subunit of PP2A. Taken together, these results offer important insights into the function of Arabidopsis TIP41 in the modulation of plant growth and ABA responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Punzo
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), Via Università 133, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ruggiero
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), Via Università 133, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Marco Possenti
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics (CREA-GB), Via Ardeatina 546, 00178, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Nurcato
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), Via Università 133, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Antonello Costa
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), Via Università 133, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Giorgio Morelli
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics (CREA-GB), Via Ardeatina 546, 00178, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Grillo
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), Via Università 133, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Giorgia Batelli
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), Via Università 133, Portici, NA, Italy
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He F, Xu C, Fu X, Shen Y, Guo L, Leng M, Luo K. The MicroRNA390/ TRANS-ACTING SHORT INTERFERING RNA3 Module Mediates Lateral Root Growth under Salt Stress via the Auxin Pathway. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 177:775-791. [PMID: 29717017 PMCID: PMC6001319 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Salt-induced developmental plasticity in a plant root system strongly depends on auxin signaling. However, the molecular events underlying this process are poorly understood. MicroRNA390 (miR390), trans-actin small interfering RNAs (tasiRNAs), and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORs (ARFs) form a regulatory module involved in controlling lateral root (LR) growth. Here, we found that miR390 expression was strongly induced by exposure to salt during LR formation in poplar (Populus spp.) plants. miR390 overexpression stimulated LR development and increased salt tolerance, whereas miR390 knockdown caused by a short tandem target mimic repressed LR growth and compromised salt resistance. ARF3.1, ARF3.2, and ARF4 expression was inhibited significantly by the presence of salt, and transcript abundance was decreased dramatically in the miR390-overexpressing line but increased in the miR390-knockdown line. Constitutive expression of ARF4m harboring mutated trans-acting small interfering ARF-binding sites removed the salt resistance of the miR390 overexpressors. miR390 positively regulated auxin signaling in LRs subjected to salt, but ARF4 inhibited auxin signaling. Salinity stabilized the poplar Aux/IAA repressor INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID17.1, and overexpression of an auxin/salt-resistant form of this repressor suppressed LR growth in miR390-overexpressing and ARF4-RNA interfering lines in the presence of salt. Thus, the miR390/TAS3/ARFs module is a key regulator, via modulating the auxin pathway, of LR growth in poplar subjected to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu He
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Transgenic Plant and Safety Control, Institute of Resources Botany, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Changzheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Transgenic Plant and Safety Control, Institute of Resources Botany, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaokang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Transgenic Plant and Safety Control, Institute of Resources Botany, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Transgenic Plant and Safety Control, Institute of Resources Botany, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Li Guo
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Transgenic Plant and Safety Control, Institute of Resources Botany, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Mi Leng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Transgenic Plant and Safety Control, Institute of Resources Botany, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Keming Luo
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Transgenic Plant and Safety Control, Institute of Resources Botany, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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134
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Dahlawi S, Naeem A, Rengel Z, Naidu R. Biochar application for the remediation of salt-affected soils: Challenges and opportunities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 625:320-335. [PMID: 29289780 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization and sodification are two commonly occurring major threats to soil productivity in arable croplands. Salt-affected soils are found in >100 countries, and their distribution is extensive and widespread in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. In order to meet the challenges of global food security, it is imperative to bring barren salt-affected soils under cultivation. Various inorganic and organic amendments are used to reclaim the salt-affected lands. The selection of a sustainable ameliorant is largely determined by the site-specific geographical and soil physicochemical parameters. Recently, biochar (solid carbonaceous residue, produced under oxygen-free or oxygen-limited conditions at temperatures ranging from 300 to 1000°C) has attracted considerable attention as a soil amendment. An emerging pool of knowledge shows that biochar addition is effective in improving physical, chemical and biological properties of salt-affected soils. However, some studies have also found an increase in soil salinity and sodicity with biochar application at high rates. Further, the high cost associated with production of biochar and high application rates remains a significant challenge to its widespread use in areas affected by salinity and sodicity. Moreover, there is relatively limited information on the long-term behavior of salt-affected soils subjected to biochar applications. The main objective of the present paper was to review, analyze and discuss the recent studies investigating a role of biochar in improving soil properties and plant growth in salt-affected soils. This review emphasizes that using biochar as an organic amendment for sustainable and profitable use of salt-affected soils would not be practicable as long as low-cost methods for the production of biochar are not devised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Dahlawi
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia; Institute of Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asif Naeem
- Nuclear Institute of Agriculture and Biology, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zed Rengel
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, Australia
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135
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Kuromori T, Seo M, Shinozaki K. ABA Transport and Plant Water Stress Responses. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 23:513-522. [PMID: 29731225 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
To understand the integrative networks of signaling molecules, the sites of their biosynthesis and action must be clarified, particularly for phytohormones such as abscisic acid (ABA). The relationship between the sites of ABA biosynthesis and transport has been discussed extensively in the context of guard cells and stomatal regulation. However, guard cells are not the only site of ABA action. Recent studies have reported multiple sites of ABA biosynthesis and multiple ABA transporters, indicating that ABA transport regulation is not unidirectional but rather forms complex networks. Therefore, it is important to determine how multiple ABA sources coordinately contribute to individual biological processes under various physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kuromori
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Mitsunori Seo
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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136
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Manishankar P, Wang N, Köster P, Alatar AA, Kudla J. Calcium Signaling during Salt Stress and in the Regulation of Ion Homeostasis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:5003005. [PMID: 29800460 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Soil composition largely defines the living conditions of plants and represents one of their most relevant, dynamic and complex environmental cues. The effective concentrations of many either tolerated or essential ions and compounds in the soil usually differ from the optimum that would be most suitable for plants. In this regard, salinity - caused by excess of NaCl - represents a widespread adverse growth condition but also shortage of ions like K+, NO3- and Fe2+ restrains plant growth. During the past years many components and mechanisms that function in the sensing and establishment of ion homeostasis have been identified and characterized. Here, we reflect on recent insights that extended our understanding of components and mechanisms, which govern and fine-tune plant salt stress tolerance and ion homeostasis. We put special emphasis on mechanisms that allow for interconnection of the salt overly sensitivity pathway with plant development and discuss newly emerging functions of Ca2+ signaling in salinity tolerance. Moreover, we review and discuss accumulating evidence for a central and unifying role of Ca2+ signaling and Ca2+ dependent protein phosphorylation in regulating sensing, uptake, transport and storage processes of various ions. Finally, based on this cross-field inventory, we deduce emerging concepts and arising questions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Manishankar
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - N Wang
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - P Köster
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - A A Alatar
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - J Kudla
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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137
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Geilfus CM. Review on the significance of chlorine for crop yield and quality. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 270:114-122. [PMID: 29576063 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The chloride concentration in the plant determines yield and quality formation for two reasons. First, chlorine is a mineral nutrient and deficiencies thereof induce metabolic problems that interfere with growth. However, due to low requirement of most crops, deficiency of chloride hardly appears in the field. Second, excess of chloride, an event that occurs under chloride-salinity, results in severe physiological dysfunctions impairing both quality and yield formation. The chloride ion can effect quality of plant-based products by conferring a salty taste that decreases market appeal of e.g. fruit juices and beverages. However, most of the quality impairments are based on physiological dysfunctions that arise under conditions of chloride-toxicity: Shelf life of persimmon is shortened due to an autocatalytic ethylene production in fruit tissues. High concentrations of chloride in the soil can increase phyto-availability of the heavy metal cadmium, accumulating in wheat grains above dietary intake thresholds. When crops are cultivated on soils that are moderately salinized by chloride, nitrate fertilization might be a strategy to suppress uptake of chloride by means of an antagonistic anion-anion uptake competition. Overall, knowledge about proteins that catalyse chloride-efflux out of the roots or that restrict xylem loading is needed to engineer more resistant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph-Martin Geilfus
- Controlled Environment Horticulture, Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt-University of Berlin, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 1, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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138
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Walia A, Waadt R, Jones AM. Genetically Encoded Biosensors in Plants: Pathways to Discovery. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 69:497-524. [PMID: 29719164 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-042817-040104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Genetically encoded biosensors that directly interact with a molecule of interest were first introduced more than 20 years ago with fusion proteins that served as fluorescent indicators for calcium ions. Since then, the technology has matured into a diverse array of biosensors that have been deployed to improve our spatiotemporal understanding of molecules whose dynamics have profound influence on plant physiology and development. In this review, we address several types of biosensors with a focus on genetically encoded calcium indicators, which are now the most diverse and advanced group of biosensors. We then consider the discoveries in plant biology made by using biosensors for calcium, pH, reactive oxygen species, redox conditions, primary metabolites, phytohormones, and nutrients. These discoveries were dependent on the engineering, characterization, and optimization required to develop a successful biosensor; they were also dependent on the methodological developments required to express, detect, and analyze the readout of such biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Walia
- Sainsbury Laboratory, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 1LR, United Kingdom;
| | - Rainer Waadt
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Alexander M Jones
- Sainsbury Laboratory, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 1LR, United Kingdom;
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139
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Kaleem F, Shabir G, Aslam K, Rasul S, Manzoor H, Shah SM, Khan AR. An Overview of the Genetics of Plant Response to Salt Stress: Present Status and the Way Forward. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 186:306-334. [PMID: 29611134 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2738-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the major threats faced by the modern agriculture today. It causes multidimensional effects on plants. These effects depend upon the plant growth stage, intensity, and duration of the stress. All these lead to stunted growth and reduced yield, ultimately inducing economic loss to the farming community in particular and to the country in general. The soil conditions of agricultural land are deteriorating at an alarming rate. Plants assess the stress conditions, transmit the specific stress signals, and then initiate the response against that stress. A more complete understanding of plant response mechanisms and their practical incorporation in crop improvement is an essential step towards achieving the goal of sustainable agricultural development. Literature survey shows that investigations of plant stresses response mechanism are the focus area of research for plant scientists. Although these efforts lead to reveal different plant response mechanisms against salt stress, yet many questions still need to be answered to get a clear picture of plant strategy to cope with salt stress. Moreover, these studies have indicated the presence of a complicated network of different integrated pathways. In order to work in a progressive way, a review of current knowledge is critical. Therefore, this review aims to provide an overview of our understanding of plant response to salt stress and to indicate some important yet unexplored dynamics to improve our knowledge that could ultimately lead towards crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawad Kaleem
- Biotechnology Program, Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Shabir
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Aslam
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sumaira Rasul
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Manzoor
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Masood Shah
- Biotechnology Program, Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman Khan
- Biotechnology Program, Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan.
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140
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Feng W, Kita D, Peaucelle A, Cartwright HN, Doan V, Duan Q, Liu MC, Maman J, Steinhorst L, Schmitz-Thom I, Yvon R, Kudla J, Wu HM, Cheung AY, Dinneny JR. The FERONIA Receptor Kinase Maintains Cell-Wall Integrity during Salt Stress through Ca 2+ Signaling. Curr Biol 2018; 28:666-675.e5. [PMID: 29456142 PMCID: PMC5894116 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 370] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cells maintain integrity despite changes in their mechanical properties elicited during growth and environmental stress. How cells sense their physical state and compensate for cell-wall damage is poorly understood, particularly in plants. Here we report that FERONIA (FER), a plasma-membrane-localized receptor kinase from Arabidopsis, is necessary for the recovery of root growth after exposure to high salinity, a widespread soil stress. The extracellular domain of FER displays tandem regions of homology with malectin, an animal protein known to bind diglucose in vitro and important for protein quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum. The presence of malectin-like domains in FER and related receptor kinases has led to widespread speculation that they interact with cell-wall polysaccharides and can potentially serve a wall-sensing function. Results reported here show that salinity causes softening of the cell wall and that FER is necessary to sense these defects. When this function is disrupted in the fer mutant, root cells explode dramatically during growth recovery. Similar defects are observed in the mur1 mutant, which disrupts pectin cross-linking. Furthermore, fer cell-wall integrity defects can be rescued by treatment with calcium and borate, which also facilitate pectin cross-linking. Sensing of these salinity-induced wall defects might therefore be a direct consequence of physical interaction between the extracellular domain of FER and pectin. FER-dependent signaling elicits cell-specific calcium transients that maintain cell-wall integrity during salt stress. These results reveal a novel extracellular toxicity of salinity, and identify FER as a sensor of damage to the pectin-associated wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Daniel Kita
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Lederle Graduate Research Tower, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Alexis Peaucelle
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Institut National pour la Recherche Agronomique-AgroParisTech, Saclay Plant Science, Route de St-Cyr, Versailles 78026, France; Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Heather N Cartwright
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Vinh Doan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Lederle Graduate Research Tower, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Qiaohong Duan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Lederle Graduate Research Tower, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Ming-Che Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Lederle Graduate Research Tower, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Jacob Maman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Lederle Graduate Research Tower, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Leonie Steinhorst
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Ina Schmitz-Thom
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Robert Yvon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Lederle Graduate Research Tower, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Jörg Kudla
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Hen-Ming Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Lederle Graduate Research Tower, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Alice Y Cheung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Lederle Graduate Research Tower, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - José R Dinneny
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Biology, Stanford University, 371 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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141
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Yang Y, Guo Y. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms mediating plant salt-stress responses. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 217:523-539. [PMID: 29205383 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 611] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Contents Summary 523 I. Introduction 523 II. Sensing salt stress 524 III. Ion homeostasis regulation 524 IV. Metabolite and cell activity responses to salt stress 527 V. Conclusions and perspectives 532 Acknowledgements 533 References 533 SUMMARY: Excess soluble salts in soil (saline soils) are harmful to most plants. Salt imposes osmotic, ionic, and secondary stresses on plants. Over the past two decades, many determinants of salt tolerance and their regulatory mechanisms have been identified and characterized using molecular genetics and genomics approaches. This review describes recent progress in deciphering the mechanisms controlling ion homeostasis, cell activity responses, and epigenetic regulation in plants under salt stress. Finally, we highlight research areas that require further research to reveal new determinants of salt tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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142
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Ramachandran P, Wang G, Augstein F, de Vries J, Carlsbecker A. Continuous root xylem formation and vascular acclimation to water deficit involves endodermal ABA signalling via miR165. Development 2018; 145:dev.159202. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.159202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The plant root xylem comprises a specialized tissue for water distribution to the shoot. Despite its importance, its potential morphological plasticity in response to environmental conditions such as limited water availability has not been thoroughly studied. Here, we identify a role for the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) for proper xylem development and describe how ABA signalling-mediated effects on core developmental regulators are employed to alter xylem morphology under limited water availability in Arabidopsis. Plants with impaired ABA biosynthesis and reduced ABA signalling in the cell layer surrounding the vasculature displayed defects in xylem continuity, suggesting that non-cell autonomous ABA signalling is required for proper xylem development. Conversely, upon external ABA application or under limited water availability extra xylem strands were formed. The observed xylem developmental alterations were dependent on adequate endodermal ABA signalling, which activated MIR165A. This resulted in increased miR165 levels that repress target class III HD-ZIP transcription factors in the stele. We conclude that a pathway known to control core developmental features is employed as a means of modifying plant xylem morphology under conditions of environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Ramachandran
- Department of Organismal Biology, Physiological Botany, Evolutionary Biology Centre and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Uppsala University, Ullsv. 24E, SE-75651 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Guodong Wang
- Department of Organismal Biology, Physiological Botany, Evolutionary Biology Centre and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Uppsala University, Ullsv. 24E, SE-75651 Uppsala, Sweden
- Present address: Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Frauke Augstein
- Department of Organismal Biology, Physiological Botany, Evolutionary Biology Centre and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Uppsala University, Ullsv. 24E, SE-75651 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jan de Vries
- Department of Organismal Biology, Physiological Botany, Evolutionary Biology Centre and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Uppsala University, Ullsv. 24E, SE-75651 Uppsala, Sweden
- Present address: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Annelie Carlsbecker
- Department of Organismal Biology, Physiological Botany, Evolutionary Biology Centre and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Uppsala University, Ullsv. 24E, SE-75651 Uppsala, Sweden
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143
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Liu X, Hou X. Antagonistic Regulation of ABA and GA in Metabolism and Signaling Pathways. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:251. [PMID: 29535756 PMCID: PMC5834473 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormones gibberellic acid (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) are widely recognized as essential endogenous regulators that mostly play antagonistic roles in plant developmental processes and environmental responses. A variety of both internal and external cues oppositely regulate GA and ABA biosynthesis and catabolism, which directly and indirectly affect their signaling pathways and subsequent responses. Recent discoveries have revealed direct molecular links between GA- and ABA-signaling components, which provide novel insights into their antagonistic regulation. In this review, we mainly focus on these recent reports and the growing understanding of GA and ABA antagonism in metabolic regulation and signaling interactions, and attempt to clarify the problems and challenges involved in exploring the complicated regulatory events associated with these two phytohormones.
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144
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Proust H, Hartmann C, Crespi M, Lelandais-Brière C. Root Development in Medicago truncatula: Lessons from Genetics to Functional Genomics. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1822:205-239. [PMID: 30043307 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8633-0_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This decade introduced "omics" approaches, such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics in association with reverse and forward genetic approaches, developed earlier, to try to identify molecular pathways involved in the development or in the response to environmental conditions as well as in animals and plants. This review summarizes studies that utilized "omics" strategies to unravel the root development in the model legume Medicago truncatula and how external factors such as soil mineral status or the presence of bacteria and fungi affect root system architecture in this species. We also compare these "omics" data to the knowledges concerning the Arabidopsis thaliana root development, nowadays considered as the model of allorhiz root systems. However, unlike legumes, this species is unable to interact with soil nitrogen-fixing rhizobia and arbuscular-mycorrhizal (AM) fungi to develop novel root-derived symbiotic structures. Differences in root organization, development, and regulatory pathways between these two model species have been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Proust
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, IPS2, Univ. Paris-Diderot, CNRS, INRA, Univ. Paris-Sud, Univ. Evry Val d'Essonne, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, University of Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Caroline Hartmann
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, IPS2, Univ. Paris-Diderot, CNRS, INRA, Univ. Paris-Sud, Univ. Evry Val d'Essonne, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, University of Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Martin Crespi
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, IPS2, Univ. Paris-Diderot, CNRS, INRA, Univ. Paris-Sud, Univ. Evry Val d'Essonne, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, University of Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Christine Lelandais-Brière
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, IPS2, Univ. Paris-Diderot, CNRS, INRA, Univ. Paris-Sud, Univ. Evry Val d'Essonne, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, University of Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.
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145
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Reciprocal Regulation of the TOR Kinase and ABA Receptor Balances Plant Growth and Stress Response. Mol Cell 2017; 69:100-112.e6. [PMID: 29290610 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
As sessile organisms, plants must adapt to variations in the environment. Environmental stress triggers various responses, including growth inhibition, mediated by the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA). The mechanisms that integrate stress responses with growth are poorly understood. Here, we discovered that the Target of Rapamycin (TOR) kinase phosphorylates PYL ABA receptors at a conserved serine residue to prevent activation of the stress response in unstressed plants. This phosphorylation disrupts PYL association with ABA and with PP2C phosphatase effectors, leading to inactivation of SnRK2 kinases. Under stress, ABA-activated SnRK2s phosphorylate Raptor, a component of the TOR complex, triggering TOR complex dissociation and inhibition. Thus, TOR signaling represses ABA signaling and stress responses in unstressed conditions, whereas ABA signaling represses TOR signaling and growth during times of stress. Plants utilize this conserved phospho-regulatory feedback mechanism to optimize the balance of growth and stress responses.
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146
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Julkowska MM, Koevoets IT, Mol S, Hoefsloot H, Feron R, Tester MA, Keurentjes JJB, Korte A, Haring MA, de Boer GJ, Testerink C. Genetic Components of Root Architecture Remodeling in Response to Salt Stress. THE PLANT CELL 2017; 29:3198-3213. [PMID: 29114015 PMCID: PMC5757256 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.16.00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Salinity of the soil is highly detrimental to plant growth. Plants respond by a redistribution of root mass between main and lateral roots, yet the genetic machinery underlying this process is still largely unknown. Here, we describe the natural variation among 347 Arabidopsis thaliana accessions in root system architecture (RSA) and identify the traits with highest natural variation in their response to salt. Salt-induced changes in RSA were associated with 100 genetic loci using genome-wide association studies. Two candidate loci associated with lateral root development were validated and further investigated. Changes in CYP79B2 expression in salt stress positively correlated with lateral root development in accessions, and cyp79b2 cyp79b3 double mutants developed fewer and shorter lateral roots under salt stress, but not in control conditions. By contrast, high HKT1 expression in the root repressed lateral root development, which could be partially rescued by addition of potassium. The collected data and multivariate analysis of multiple RSA traits, available through the Salt_NV_Root App, capture root responses to salinity. Together, our results provide a better understanding of effective RSA remodeling responses, and the genetic components involved, for plant performance in stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena M Julkowska
- Plant Physiology, University of Amsterdam, 1090GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Plant Cell Biology, University of Amsterdam, 1090GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iko T Koevoets
- Plant Cell Biology, University of Amsterdam, 1090GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Selena Mol
- Plant Physiology, University of Amsterdam, 1090GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Plant Cell Biology, University of Amsterdam, 1090GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Huub Hoefsloot
- Biosystems Data Analysis, University of Amsterdam, 1090GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Richard Feron
- ENZA Zaden Research and Development, 1602DB Enkhuizen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark A Tester
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, 23955-6900 Thuwal-Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Joost J B Keurentjes
- Applied Quantitative Genetics, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, 1090GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University & Research, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arthur Korte
- Center for Computational and Theoretical Biology, Wuerzburg Universitat, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Michel A Haring
- Plant Physiology, University of Amsterdam, 1090GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gert-Jan de Boer
- ENZA Zaden Research and Development, 1602DB Enkhuizen, The Netherlands
| | - Christa Testerink
- Plant Cell Biology, University of Amsterdam, 1090GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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147
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Jeon E, Young Kang N, Cho C, Joon Seo P, Chung Suh M, Kim J. LBD14/ASL17 Positively Regulates Lateral Root Formation and is Involved in ABA Response for Root Architecture in Arabidopsis. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 58:2190-2201. [PMID: 29040694 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcx153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES (LOB) DOMAIN/ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2-LIKE (LBD/ASL) gene family members play key roles in diverse aspects of plant development. Previous studies have shown that LBD16, 18, 29 and 33 are critical for integrating the plant hormone auxin to control lateral root development in Arabidopsis thaliana. In the present study, we show that LBD14 is expressed exclusively in the root where it promotes lateral root (LR) emergence. Repression of LBD14 expression by ABA correlates with the inhibitory effects of ABA on LR emergence. Transient gene expression assays with Arabidopsis protoplasts demonstrated that LBD14 is a nuclear-localized transcriptional activator. The knock-down of LBD14 expression by RNA interference (RNAi) resulted in reduced LR formation by delaying both LR primordium development and LR emergence, whereas overexpression of LBD14 in Arabidopsis enhances LR formation. We show that ABA (but not other plant hormones such as auxin, brassinosteroids and cytokinin) specifically down-regulated β-glucuronidase (GUS) expression under the control of the LBD14 promoter in transgenic Arabidopsis during LR development from initiation to emergence and endogenous LBD14 transcript levels in the root. Moreover, RNAi of LBD14 enhanced the LR suppression in response to ABA, whereas LBD14 overexpression did not alter the ABA-mediated suppression of LR formation. Taken together, these results suggest that LBD14 promoting LR formation is one of the critical factors regulated by ABA to inhibit LR growth, contributing to the regulation of the Arabidopsis root system architecture in response to ABA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunkyeong Jeon
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
| | - Na Young Kang
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
| | - Chuloh Cho
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
| | - Pil Joon Seo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Mi Chung Suh
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
| | - Jungmook Kim
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
- Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
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148
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Sun S, Fan W, Mu Z. The spatio-temporal specificity of PYR1/PYL/RCAR ABA receptors in response to developmental and environmental cues. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2017; 12:e1214793. [PMID: 27494292 PMCID: PMC5703246 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2016.1214793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
From the different functions ABA exerted between the aboveground and belowground, seed and vegetative tissues, primary root and lateral root, stimulating stomatal closure and inhibiting stomatal opening, between young and senescence leaves in stomatal movement, among different cells in plasma membrane water permeability, we addressed the organ-, tissue-, cell-, physiological processes-, and development stage specificities of PYR1/PYL/RCAR ABA receptors. This specificity may reflect the spatio-temporal properties of water potentials as well as the endogenous ABA levels in detail context, which plus the various affinities among this receptor families, resulted in the specificity of the transcripts as well as genes functions. PYR1/PYL/RCAR ABA receptors may integrate the message of ABA resource (local signaling or long distance signaling) and concentration, thus fine-tuning ABA response to environmental- and developmental cues. It also evolutionally affording land plants sophisticated mechanism to survival adverse environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenshen Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenqiang Fan
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zixin Mu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- CONTACT Zixin Mu
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149
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Dong H, Bai L, Chang J, Song CP. Chloroplast protein PLGG1 is involved in abscisic acid-regulated lateral root development and stomatal movement in Arabidopsis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:280-285. [PMID: 29097201 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.10.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a crucial role in root architecture; however, the molecular mechanism of ABA-regulated lateral root (LR) growth is not well known. We screened an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant with LR growth that was sensitive to ABA from a T-DNA insertion mutant library, which was an allelic mutant of plgg1-1, termed plgg1-2. PLGG1 encodes a chloroplast protein that transports plastidic glycolate and glycerate. The length and number of LRs at the root-hypocotyl junction of plgg1-1 and plgg1-2 were significantly impaired under exogenous ABA treatment, and the transgenic plant complementary lines of plgg1-2 restored LR growth in response to ABA. In addition, we found that PLGG1 is involved in other major ABA responses, including ABA-inhibited seed germination, ABA-mediated stomatal movement, and drought tolerance. These findings open new perspectives on elucidating the mechanism of ABA response, and provide clues for analysing the functions of chloroplast proteins in regulating root growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Dong
- Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Department of Biology, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Ling Bai
- Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Department of Biology, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Jie Chang
- Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Department of Biology, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Chun-Peng Song
- Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Department of Biology, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, China.
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150
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Basu S, Rabara R. Abscisic acid — An enigma in the abiotic stress tolerance of crop plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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