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Yuan X, Sunyer-Pons N, Terrado A, León JL, Hadziioannou G, Cloutet E, Villa K. 3D-Printed Organic Conjugated Trimer for Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Applications. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202202228. [PMID: 36808715 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Small molecule organic semiconductors (SMOSs) have emerged as a new class of photocatalysts that exhibit visible light absorption, tunable bandgap, good dispersion, and solubility. However, the recovery and reusability of such SMOSs in consecutive photocatalytic reactions is challenging. This work concerns a 3D-printed hierarchical porous structure based on an organic conjugated trimer, named EBE. Upon manufacturing, the photophysical and chemical properties of the organic semiconductor are maintained. The 3D-printed EBE photocatalyst shows a longer lifetime (11.7 ns) compared to the powder-state EBE (1.4 ns). This result indicates a microenvironment effect of the solvent (acetone), a better dispersion of the catalyst in the sample, and reduced intermolecular π-π stacking, which results in improved separation of the photogenerated charge carriers. As a proof-of-concept, the photocatalytic activity of the 3D-printed EBE catalyst is evaluated for water treatment and hydrogen production under sun-like irradiation. The resulting degradation efficiencies and hydrogen generation rates are higher than those reported for the state-of-the-art 3D-printed photocatalytic structures based on inorganic semiconductors. The photocatalytic mechanism is further investigated, and the results suggest that hydroxyl radicals (HO⋅) are the main reactive radicals responsible for the degradation of organic pollutants. Moreover, the recyclability of the EBE-3D photocatalyst is demonstrated in up to 5 uses. Overall, these results indicate the great potential of this 3D-printed organic conjugated trimer for photocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Yuan
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans, 16, Tarragona, E-43007, Spain
| | - Neus Sunyer-Pons
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans, 16, Tarragona, E-43007, Spain
| | - Aleix Terrado
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans, 16, Tarragona, E-43007, Spain
| | - José Luis León
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans, 16, Tarragona, E-43007, Spain
| | - Georges Hadziioannou
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO-UMR 5629), Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, CNRS, F-33607, Pessac, France
| | - Eric Cloutet
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO-UMR 5629), Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, CNRS, F-33607, Pessac, France
| | - Katherine Villa
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans, 16, Tarragona, E-43007, Spain
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2
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Liang X, Xue S, Yang C, Ye X, Wang Y, Chen Q, Lin W, Hou Y, Zhang G, Shalom M, Yu Z, Wang X. The Directional Crystallization Process of Poly (triazine imide) Single Crystals in Molten Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216434. [PMID: 36748541 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Poly (triazine imide) photocatalysts prepared via molten salt methods emerge as promising polymer semiconductors with one-step excitation capacity of overall water splitting. Unveiling the molecular conjugation, nucleation, and crystallization processes of PTI crystals is crucial for their controllable structure design. Herein, microscopy characterization was conducted at the PTI crystallization front from meso to nano scales. The heptazine-based precursor was found to depolymerize to triazine monomers within molten salts and KCl cubes precipitate as the leading cores that guide the directional stacking of PTI molecular units to form aggregated crystals. Upon this discovery, PTI crystals with improved dispersibility and enhanced photocatalytic performance were obtained by tailoring the crystallization fronts. This study advances insights into the directional assembling of PTI monomers on salt templates, placing a theoretical foundation for the ordered condensation of polymer crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108 (P. R., China
| | - Sikang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108 (P. R., China
| | - Can Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108 (P. R., China
| | - Xiaoyuan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108 (P. R., China
| | - Yulan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108 (P. R., China
| | - Qidi Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Wei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108 (P. R., China
| | - Yidong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108 (P. R., China
| | - Guigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108 (P. R., China
| | - Menny Shalom
- Department of Chemistry, The Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, 8410501 Beer, Sheva, Israel
| | - Zhiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108 (P. R., China
| | - Xinchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108 (P. R., China.,Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Chemical Engineering of China, Quanzhou, Fujian, 362114, P. R. China
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3
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Wang J, Li L, Jiang S, Young DJ, Ren ZG, Li HX. Covalent Grafting of a Nickel Thiolate Catalyst onto Covalent Organic Frameworks for Increased Photocatalytic Activity. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202201943. [PMID: 36478181 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202201943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have recently emerged as prospective photoactive materials with noble Pt as a cocatalyst for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. In this work, a series of SH-group-functionalized covalent organic frameworks, TpPa-1-SH-X, is prepared by reaction of p-phenylenediamine (Pa) and 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol (Tp) with p-NH2 C6 H4 SH as a modulating agent. The reaction of TpPa-1-SH-X with NiII acetylacetonate Ni(acac)2 gave nickel thiolate-immobilized TpPa-1 (TpPa-1-SNi-X). The highest hydrogen evolution rate was 10.87 mmol h-1 g-1 , which was an enhancement of 16.47, 3.83, and 1.84 times than that of the parent TpPa-1, covalent-bond-free [(p-NH2 C6 H4 S)2 Ni]n /TpPa-1-SH-10, and 3 wt % Pt-deposited TpPa-1, respectively. This enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution is ascribed to enhanced crystallinity, the use of NiII thiolate as a cocatalyst and covalent bonding between the cocatalyst and TpPa-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixian Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 (R. P., China
| | - Lei Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 (R. P., China
| | - Shan Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 (R. P., China
| | - David J Young
- College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT-0909, Australia
| | - Zhi-Gang Ren
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 (R. P., China
| | - Hong-Xi Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 (R. P., China
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Chi X, Chen Q, Lan ZA, Zhang X, Chen X, Wang X. Structure-Property Relationship of Cyano-Functionalized Conjugated Polymers for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202734. [PMID: 36173922 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers (CPs) have garnered increasing attention in the field of photocatalysis due to their stability and molecular tunability. Understanding the structure-property relationship in CPs and addressing appropriate molecular design strategies are pivotal to improving the photocatalytic performance of CPs. Herein, a new efficient cyano (CN) engineering approach was proposed to promote the photocatalytic performance of CPs, and three representative CP-based photocatalysts with different CN contents were tailor-made to investigate the relationship between CN functionalization and photocatalytic activity. A series of systematically experimental and theoretical studies reveal that CN functionalization contributes to strengthening the donor-acceptor (D-A) interaction, enhancing the light absorption ability, charge separation/transfer efficiency, and hydrophilicity of CPs, and also facilitating the output of separated photoinduced electrons from CPs to Pt cocatalyst. Thus, the dicyano-functionalized polymer (P-2CN) manifests an attractive photocatalytic performance in hydrogen production. This study provides a facile strategy to develop excellent CP-based photocatalysts for solar fuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, 350108, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, 350108, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-An Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, 350108, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xirui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, 350108, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, 350108, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xinchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, 350108, Fuzhou, P. R. China
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5
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Li R, Landfester K, Ferguson CTJ. Temperature- and pH-Responsive Polymeric Photocatalysts for Enhanced Control and Recovery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202211132. [PMID: 36112056 PMCID: PMC10099588 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of heterogeneous photocatalysis has facilitated redox reactions with high efficiency, without compromising the recyclability of the photocatalyst. Recently, stimuli-responsive heterogeneous photocatalytic materials have emerged as a powerful synthetic tool, with simple and rapid recovery, as well as an enhanced dynamic control over reactions. Stimuli-responsive polymers are often inexpensive and easy to produce. They can be switched from an active "on" state to an inert "off" state in response to external stimuli, allowing the production of photocatalyst with adaptability, recyclability, and orthogonal control on different chemical reactions. Despite this versatility, the application of artificial smart material in the field of heterogeneous photocatalysis has not yet been maximized. In this Minireview, we will examine the recent developments of this emerging class of stimuli-responsive heterogeneous photocatalytic systems. We will discuss the synthesis route of appending photoactive components into different triggerable systems and, in particular, the controlled activation and recovery of the materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchMainzGermany
| | | | - Calum T. J. Ferguson
- Department School of ChemistryUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchMainzGermany
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Sharma VK, Hutchison JM, Allgeier AM. Redox Biocatalysis: Quantitative Comparisons of Nicotinamide Cofactor Regeneration Methods. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200888. [PMID: 36129761 PMCID: PMC10029092 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic processes, particularly those capable of performing redox reactions, have recently been of growing research interest. Substrate specificity, optimal activity at mild temperatures, high selectivity, and yield are among the desirable characteristics of these oxidoreductase catalyzed reactions. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) or NAD(P)H-dependent oxidoreductases have been extensively studied for their potential applications like biosynthesis of chiral organic compounds, construction of biosensors, and pollutant degradation. One of the main challenges associated with making these processes commercially viable is the regeneration of the expensive cofactors required by the enzymes. Numerous efforts have pursued enzymatic regeneration of NAD(P)H by coupling a substrate reduction with a complementary enzyme catalyzed oxidation of a co-substrate. While offering excellent selectivity and high total turnover numbers, such processes involve complicated downstream product separation of a primary product from the coproducts and impurities. Alternative methods comprising chemical, electrochemical, and photochemical regeneration have been developed with the goal of enhanced efficiency and operational simplicity compared to enzymatic regeneration. Despite the goal, however, the literature rarely offers a meaningful comparison of the total turnover numbers for various regeneration methodologies. This comprehensive Review systematically discusses various methods of NAD(P)H cofactor regeneration and quantitatively compares performance across the numerous methods. Further, fundamental barriers to enhanced cofactor regeneration in the various methods are identified, and future opportunities are highlighted for improving the efficiency and sustainability of commercially viable oxidoreductase processes for practical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor K Sharma
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15th St, 66045, Lawrence, Kansas, United States
| | - Justin M Hutchison
- Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15th St, 66045, Lawrence, Kansas, United States
| | - Alan M Allgeier
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15th St, 66045, Lawrence, Kansas, United States
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7
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Xiao X, Wang W, Wang J, Yang C, Zhang G, Lang X. Surface Engineering of Conjugated Polybenzothiadiazoles and Integration with Cobalt Oxides for Photocatalytic Water Oxidation. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201244. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinghuo Xiao
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences and Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Wenyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University 350108 Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - Jiali Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University 350108 Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - Can Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University 350108 Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - Guigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University 350108 Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - Xianjun Lang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences and Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
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Bai MMG, Bramhaiah K, Bhattacharyya S, Rao RM. Acid‐Modulated Synthesis of Novel π‐Conjugated Microporous Polymers for Efficient Metal‐Free Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202023. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika M. G. Bai
- Department of Chemistry IIT Dharwad Dharwad Karnataka 580011 India
| | - K. Bramhaiah
- Department of Chemical Sciences IISER Berhampur Transit Campus (Govt. ITI Building) Engg. School Road Berhampur Odisha 760010 India
| | - Santanu Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemical Sciences IISER Berhampur Transit Campus (Govt. ITI Building) Engg. School Road Berhampur Odisha 760010 India
| | - Rajeswara M. Rao
- Department of Chemistry IIT Dharwad Dharwad Karnataka 580011 India
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Yang Z, Li L, Cui J, Shao S, Zeng S, Wang K, Ma D, Hu C, Zhao Y. Nanoarchitectonics in the Ionothermal Synthesis for Nucleation of Crystalline Potassium Poly (heptazine imide) Towards an Enhanced Solar‐Driven H
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O
2
Production. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202122. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenchun Yang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 P.R. China
| | - Lina Li
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 P.R. China
| | - Jiahao Cui
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 P.R. China
| | - Siting Shao
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 P.R. China
| | - Shiqi Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 P.R. China
| | - Kun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 P.R. China
| | - Dongge Ma
- Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
| | - Chun Hu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 P.R. China
| | - Yubao Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 P.R. China
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Xu S, Liao Z, Dianat A, Park S, Addicoat MA, Fu Y, Pastoetter DL, Fabozzi FG, Liu Y, Cuniberti G, Richter M, Hecht S, Feng X. Combination of Knoevenagel Polycondensation and Water-Assisted Dynamic Michael-Addition-Elimination for the Synthesis of Vinylene-Linked 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202492. [PMID: 35253336 PMCID: PMC9401016 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Vinylene-linked two-dimensional conjugated covalent organic frameworks (V-2D-COFs), belonging to the class of two-dimensional conjugated polymers, have attracted increasing attention due to their extended π-conjugation over the 2D backbones associated with high chemical stability. The Knoevenagel polycondensation has been demonstrated as a robust synthetic method to provide cyano (CN)-substituted V-2D-COFs with unique optoelectronic, magnetic, and redox properties. Despite the successful synthesis, it remains elusive for the relevant polymerization mechanism, which leads to relatively low crystallinity and poor reproducibility. In this work, we demonstrate the novel synthesis of CN-substituted V-2D-COFs via the combination of Knoevenagel polycondensation and water-assisted dynamic Michael-addition-elimination, abbreviated as KMAE polymerization. The existence of C=C bond exchange between two diphenylacrylonitriles (M1 and M6) is firstly confirmed via in situ high-temperature NMR spectroscopy study of model reactions. Notably, the intermediate M4 synthesized via Michael-addition can proceed the Michael-elimination quantitatively, leading to an efficient C=C bond exchange, unambiguously confirming the dynamic nature of Michael-addition-elimination. Furthermore, the addition of water can significantly promote the reaction rate of Michael-addition-elimination for highly efficient C=C bond exchange within 5 mins. As a result, the KMAE polymerization provides a highly efficient strategy for the synthesis of CN-substituted V-2D-COFs with high crystallinity, as demonstrated by four examples of V-2D-COF-TFPB-PDAN, V-2D-COF-TFPT-PDAN, V-2D-COF-TFPB-BDAN, and V-2D-COF-HATN-BDAN, based on the simulated and experimental powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) patterns as well as N2 -adsorption-desorption measurements. Moreover, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) analysis shows crystalline domain sizes ranging from 20 to 100 nm for the newly synthesized V-2D-COFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunqi Xu
- Chair of Molecular Functional MaterialsCenter for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität DresdenMommsenstrasse 401069DresdenGermany
- Department of Synthetic Materials and Functional DevicesMax-Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics06120HalleGermany
| | - Zhongquan Liao
- Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems (IKTS)01109DresdenGermany
| | - Arezoo Dianat
- Chair of Material Science and NanotechnologyFaculty of Mechanical Science and EngineeringTechnische Universität DresdenHallwachstraße 301069DresdenGermany
| | - Sang‐Wook Park
- Chair of Molecular Functional MaterialsCenter for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität DresdenMommsenstrasse 401069DresdenGermany
- Leibniz-Institute for Polymer Research Dresden e.V. (IPF)01069DresdenGermany
| | - Matthew A. Addicoat
- School of Science and TechnologyNottingham Trent UniversityClifton LaneNottinghamNG11 8NSUK
| | - Yubin Fu
- Chair of Molecular Functional MaterialsCenter for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität DresdenMommsenstrasse 401069DresdenGermany
| | - Dominik L. Pastoetter
- Chair of Molecular Functional MaterialsCenter for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität DresdenMommsenstrasse 401069DresdenGermany
| | - Filippo Giovanni Fabozzi
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials & Institute of Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryRWTH Aachen University52074AachenGermany
| | - Yannan Liu
- Chair of Molecular Functional MaterialsCenter for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität DresdenMommsenstrasse 401069DresdenGermany
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Chair of Material Science and NanotechnologyFaculty of Mechanical Science and EngineeringTechnische Universität DresdenHallwachstraße 301069DresdenGermany
| | - Marcus Richter
- Chair of Molecular Functional MaterialsCenter for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität DresdenMommsenstrasse 401069DresdenGermany
| | - Stefan Hecht
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials & Institute of Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryRWTH Aachen University52074AachenGermany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Chair of Molecular Functional MaterialsCenter for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität DresdenMommsenstrasse 401069DresdenGermany
- Department of Synthetic Materials and Functional DevicesMax-Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics06120HalleGermany
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Lan ZA, Wu M, Fang Z, Zhang Y, Chen X, Zhang G, Wang X. Ionothermal Synthesis of Covalent Triazine Frameworks in a NaCl-KCl-ZnCl 2 Eutectic Salt for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201482. [PMID: 35218273 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Covalent triazine-based frameworks (CTFs) are typically produced by the salt-melt polycondensation of aromatic nitriles in the presence of ZnCl2 . In this reaction, molten ZnCl2 salt acts as both a solvent and Lewis acid catalyst. However, when cyclotrimerization takes place at temperatures above 300 °C, undesired carbonization occurs. In this study, an ionothermal synthesis method for CTF-based photocatalysts was developed using a ternary NaCl-KCl-ZnCl2 eutectic salt (ES) mixture with a melting point of approximately 200 °C. This temperature is lower than the melting point of pure ZnCl2 (318 °C), thus providing milder salt-melt conditions. These conditions facilitated the polycondensation process, while avoiding carbonization of the polymeric backbone. The resulting CTF-ES200 exhibited enhanced optical and electronic properties, and displayed remarkable photocatalytic performance in the hydrogen evolution reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-An Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P.R. China.,College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Meng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P.R. China
| | - Zhongpu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P.R. China
| | - Yongfan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P.R. China
| | - Xiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P.R. China
| | - Guigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P.R. China
| | - Xinchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P.R. China
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12
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Xu S, Liao Z, Dianat A, Park S, Addicoat MA, Fu Y, Pastoetter DL, Fabozzi FG, Liu Y, Cuniberti G, Richter M, Hecht S, Feng X. Combination of Knoevenagel Polycondensation and Water‐Assisted Dynamic Michael‐Addition‐Elimination for the Synthesis of Vinylene‐Linked 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunqi Xu
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01069 Dresden Germany
- Department of Synthetic Materials and Functional Devices Max-Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics 06120 Halle Germany
| | - Zhongquan Liao
- Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems (IKTS) 01109 Dresden Germany
| | - Arezoo Dianat
- Chair of Material Science and Nanotechnology Faculty of Mechanical Science and Engineering Technische Universität Dresden Hallwachstraße 3 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Sang‐Wook Park
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01069 Dresden Germany
- Leibniz-Institute for Polymer Research Dresden e.V. (IPF) 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Matthew A. Addicoat
- School of Science and Technology Nottingham Trent University Clifton Lane Nottingham NG11 8NS UK
| | - Yubin Fu
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Dominik L. Pastoetter
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Filippo Giovanni Fabozzi
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials & Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Yannan Liu
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Chair of Material Science and Nanotechnology Faculty of Mechanical Science and Engineering Technische Universität Dresden Hallwachstraße 3 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Marcus Richter
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Stefan Hecht
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials & Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01069 Dresden Germany
- Department of Synthetic Materials and Functional Devices Max-Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics 06120 Halle Germany
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13
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Mansha M, Ahmad T, Ullah N, Akram Khan S, Ashraf M, Ali S, Tan B, Khan I. Photocatalytic Water-Splitting by Organic Conjugated Polymers: Opportunities and Challenges. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202100336. [PMID: 35257485 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The future challenges associated with the shortage of fossil fuels and their current environmental impacts intrigued the researchers to look for alternative ways of generating green energy. Solar-driven water splitting into oxygen and hydrogen is one of those advanced strategies. Researchers have studied various semiconductor materials to achieve potential results. However, it encountered multiple challenges such as high cost, low photostability and efficiency, and required multistep modifications. The conjugated polymers (CPs) have emerged as promising alternatives for conventional inorganic semiconductors. The CPs offer low cost, sufficient light absorption efficiency, excellent photo and chemical stability, and molecular optoelectronic tunable characteristics. Furthermore, organic CPs also present higher flexibility to tune the basic framework of the backbone of the polymers, amendments in the sidechain to incorporate desired functionalities, and much-needed porosity to serve better for photocatalytic applications. This review article summarizes the recent advancements made in visible-light-driven water splitting covering the aspects of synthetic strategies and experimental parameters employed for water splitting reactions with special emphasis on conjugated polymers such as linear CPs, planarized CPs, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3 N4 ), conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and conjugated polymer-based nanocomposites (CPNCs). The current challenges and future prospects have also been described briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mansha
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tauqir Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nisar Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.,Interdisciplinary Research Center for Refining and Advanced Chemicals, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safyan Akram Khan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahid Ali
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bein Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ibrahim Khan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
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14
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Lan ZA, Wu M, Fang Z, Zhang Y, Chen X, Zhang G, Wang X. Ionothermal Synthesis of Covalent Triazine Frameworks in NaCl‐KCl‐ZnCl2 Eutectic Salt for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-An Lan
- Fuzhou University college of chemistry CHINA
| | - Meng Wu
- Fuzhou University college of chemistry CHINA
| | | | | | - Xiong Chen
- Fuzhou University college of chemistry CHINA
| | | | - Xinchen Wang
- Fuzhou University Chemistry 523 Gongye Rd, Gulou 350000 Fuzhou CHINA
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15
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Lan X, Wang J, Li Q, Wang A, Zhang Y, Yang X, Bai G. Acetylene/Vinylene-Bridged π-Conjugated Covalent Triazine Polymers for Photocatalytic Aerobic Oxidation Reactions under Visible Light Irradiation. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102455. [PMID: 34962075 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Solar-driven photocatalytic chemical transformation provides a sustainable strategy to produce valuable feedstock, but designing photocatalysts with high efficiency remains challenging. Herein, two acetylene- or vinylene-bridged π-conjugated covalent triazine polymers, A-CTP-DPA and V-CTP-DPE, were successfully fabricated toward metal-free photocatalytic oxidation under visible light irradiation. Compared to the one without acetylene or vinylene bridge, both resulting polymers exhibited superior activity in photocatalytic selective oxidation of sulfides and oxidative coupling of amines; in particular, A-CTP-DPA delivered an optimal photocatalytic performance. The superior activity was attributed to the broadened spectral response range, effective separation, rapid transportation of photogenerated charge carriers, and abundant active sites for photogenerated electrons due to the existence of the acetylene bridge in the framework. This work highlights the potential of acetylene and vinylene bridges in tuning catalytic efficiency of organic semiconductors, providing a guideline for the design of efficient photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwang Lan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, P.R. China
| | - Qing Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, P.R. China
| | - Aiqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, P.R. China
| | - Yize Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, P.R. China
| | - Xianheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, P.R. China
| | - Guoyi Bai
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, P.R. China
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16
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Hayat A, Sohail M, Ali Shah Syed J, Al-Sehemi AG, Mohammed MH, Al-Ghamdi AA, Taha TA, Salem AlSalem H, Alenad AM, Amin MA, Palamanit A, Liu C, Nawawi WI, Tariq Saeed Chani M, Muzibur Rahman M. Recent Advancement of the Current Aspects of g-C 3 N 4 for its Photocatalytic Applications in Sustainable Energy System. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202100310. [PMID: 35138017 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Being one of the foremost enticing and intriguing innovations, heterogeneous photocatalysis has also been used to effectively gather, transform, and conserve sustainable sun's radiation for the production of efficient and clean fossil energy as well as a wide range of ecological implications. The generation of solar fuel-based water splitting and CO2 photoreduction is excellent for generating alternative resources and reducing global warming. Developing an inexpensive photocatalyst can effectively split water into hydrogen (H2 ), oxygen (O2 ) sources, and carbon dioxide (CO2 ) into fuel sources, which is a crucial problem in photocatalysis. The metal-free g-C3 N4 photocatalyst has a high solar fuel generation potential. This review covers the most recent advancements in g-C3 N4 preparation, including innovative design concepts and new synthesis methods, and novel ideas for expanding the light absorption of pure g-C3 N4 for photocatalytic application. Similarly, the main issue concerning research and prospects in photocatalysts based g-C3 N4 was also discussed. The current dissertation provides an overview of comprehensive understanding of the exploitation of the extraordinary systemic and characteristics, as well as the fabrication processes and uses of g-C3 N4 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Hayat
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 1066 Xueyuan Boulevard, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Sohail
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, 313001, P.R. China
| | - Jawad Ali Shah Syed
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University
| | - Abdullah G Al-Sehemi
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H Mohammed
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA.,Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Thi Qar, Nassiriya, 64000, IRAQ
| | - Ahmed A Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - T A Taha
- Physics Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka, 2014, Saudi Arabia.,Physics Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka, 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda Salem AlSalem
- Physics and Engineering Mathematics Department, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, 32952, Egypt
| | - Asma M Alenad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Amin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arkom Palamanit
- Energy Technology Program, Department of Specialized Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, 15 Karnjanavanich Rd., Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Changkun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 1066 Xueyuan Boulevard, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - W I Nawawi
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Perlis, 02600, Arau Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Tariq Saeed Chani
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) & Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Muzibur Rahman
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) & Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Jin E, Fu S, Hanayama H, Addicoat MA, Wei W, Chen Q, Graf R, Landfester K, Bonn M, Zhang KAI, Wang HI, Müllen K, Narita A. A Nanographene‐Based Two‐Dimensional Covalent Organic Framework as a Stable and Efficient Photocatalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enquan Jin
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Shuai Fu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Hiroki Hanayama
- Organic and Carbon Nanomaterials Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Kunigami-gun, Okinawa 904-0495 Japan
| | - Matthew A. Addicoat
- School of Science and Technology Nottingham Trent University Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS UK
| | - Wenxin Wei
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Qiang Chen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Robert Graf
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | | | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Kai A. I. Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
- Department of Materials Science Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P.R. China
| | - Hai I. Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
- Department of Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Akimitsu Narita
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
- Organic and Carbon Nanomaterials Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Kunigami-gun, Okinawa 904-0495 Japan
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18
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Jin E, Fu S, Hanayama H, Addicoat MA, Wei W, Chen Q, Graf R, Landfester K, Bonn M, Zhang KAI, Wang HI, Müllen K, Narita A. A Nanographene-Based Two-Dimensional Covalent Organic Framework as a Stable and Efficient Photocatalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202114059. [PMID: 34870362 PMCID: PMC9299764 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with desirable organic units furnishes advanced materials with unique functionalities. As an emerging class of two-dimensional (2D) COFs, sp2 -carbon-conjugated COFs provide a facile platform to build highly stable and crystalline porous polymers. Herein, a 2D olefin-linked COF was prepared by employing nanographene, namely, dibenzo[hi,st]ovalene (DBOV), as a building block. The DBOV-COF exhibits unique ABC-stacked lattices, enhanced stability, and charge-carrier mobility of ≈0.6 cm2 V-1 s-1 inferred from ultrafast terahertz photoconductivity measurements. The ABC-stacking structure was revealed by the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction. DBOV-COF demonstrated remarkable photocatalytic activity in hydroxylation, which was attributed to the exposure of narrow-energy-gap DBOV cores in the COF pores, in conjunction with efficient charge transport following light absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enquan Jin
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | - Shuai Fu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | - Hiroki Hanayama
- Organic and Carbon Nanomaterials UnitOkinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate UniversityKunigami-gun, Okinawa904-0495Japan
| | - Matthew A. Addicoat
- School of Science and TechnologyNottingham Trent UniversityClifton Lane, NottinghamNG11 8NSUK
| | - Wenxin Wei
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | - Qiang Chen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | - Robert Graf
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | | | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | - Kai A. I. Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
- Department of Materials ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200433P.R. China
| | - Hai I. Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
- Department of ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg University MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
| | - Akimitsu Narita
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
- Organic and Carbon Nanomaterials UnitOkinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate UniversityKunigami-gun, Okinawa904-0495Japan
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19
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Shi YJ, Zhang J, Cui Z, Chu S, Wang Y, Zou Z. MOF-derived sulfur vacancies rich CdS nanoparticles in situ growth on 2D polymer for highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen generation. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:5841-5858. [DOI: 10.1039/d1dt04188f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
For heterojunction photocatalytic materials, the size of nanoparticles and electron-hole separation efficiency have a great influence on the photocatalytic hydrogen production activity. In this work, for the first time, a...
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20
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Zhang Z, Si W, Wu B, Wang W, Li Y, Ma W, Lin Y. Two‐Dimensional‐Polycyclic Photovoltaic Molecule with Low Trap Density for High‐Performance Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenqin Si
- ICCAS: Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Key laboratory of organic solids CHINA
| | - Baohua Wu
- Xian Jiaotong University: Xi'an Jiaotong University school of mechanical engineering CHINA
| | | | | | - Wei Ma
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Xian Jiaotong Univerisity CHINA
| | - Yuze Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences ICCAS CHINA
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21
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Zhang Z, Si W, Wu B, Wang W, Li Y, Ma W, Lin Y. Two-Dimensional-Polycyclic Photovoltaic Molecule with Low Trap Density for High-Performance Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202114234. [PMID: 34967489 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Typical organic semiconductors show a high trap density of states (1016-1018 cm-3), providing a large number of centers for charge-carrier recombination, thus hindering the development of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Here, we introduce a strategy of designing and synthesizing two-dimensional-polycyclic photovoltaic material, named as TPP, to reduce the trap density as low as 2.3×1015 cm-3, which is 1-3 orders of magnitudes lower than those of typical organic photovoltaic semiconductors. Moreover, TPP exhibited broad and strong absorption, ordered molecular packing with large crystalline coherence length and enhanced electron mobility. Then, the bulk heterojunction nanoparticles (BHJ-NPs) based on the blend of polymer donor (PM6) and TPP, exhibited an average hydrogen evolution rate (HER) of 72.75 mmol h-1 g-1, which is higher than that of the control NPs based on typical PM6:Y6 (62.67 mmol h-1 g-1) tested under 330-1100 nm illumination with light intensity of 198 mW cm-2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenqin Si
- ICCAS: Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key laboratory of organic solids, CHINA
| | - Baohua Wu
- Xian Jiaotong University: Xi'an Jiaotong University, school of mechanical engineering, CHINA
| | | | | | - Wei Ma
- Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian Jiaotong Univerisity, CHINA
| | - Yuze Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ICCAS, CHINA
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22
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Ma H, Liu J, Zuo S, Yu Y, Liu W, Wang Y, Li B. One‐Step Fabrication of 2D/2D Z‐Scheme BiOCl/g‐C
3
N
4
Nanosheets Heterojunction for Efficient Degradation of RhB and Cr(VI) Ions Reduction under Visible‐Light Illumination. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hecheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 PR China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 PR China
| | - Shengli Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 PR China
| | - Yingchun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 PR China
| | - Wenqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 PR China
| | - Yimeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 PR China
| | - Baoshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 PR China
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23
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Borrelli M, Querebillo CJ, Pastoetter DL, Wang T, Milani A, Casari C, Khoa Ly H, He F, Hou Y, Neumann C, Turchanin A, Sun H, Weidinger IM, Feng X. Thiophen‐basierte konjugierte acetylenische Polymere mit dualen aktiven Zentren für effiziente Cokatalysator‐freie photoelektrochemische Wasserreduktion im alkalischen Medium. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mino Borrelli
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Dresden University of Technology Mommsenstraße 4 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Christine Joy Querebillo
- Chair of Electrochemistry Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Dresden University of Technology Zellescher 19 01062 Dresden Deutschland
- Institute for Complex Materials Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Helmholtzstraße, 20 01069 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Dominik L. Pastoetter
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Dresden University of Technology Mommsenstraße 4 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Tao Wang
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels School of Science Westlake University 18 Shilongshan Road Hangzhou 310024 Zhejiang Province China
| | - Alberto Milani
- Diparimento di Energia Politecnico di Milano Via Ponzio 34/3 Milano Italien
| | - Carlo Casari
- Diparimento di Energia Politecnico di Milano Via Ponzio 34/3 Milano Italien
| | - Hoang Khoa Ly
- Chair of Electrochemistry Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Dresden University of Technology Zellescher 19 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Fan He
- Key Laboratory of Biological Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Yang Hou
- Key Laboratory of Biological Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Christof Neumann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) Friedrich Schiller University Jena Lessingstraße 10 07743 Jena Deutschland
| | - Andrey Turchanin
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) Friedrich Schiller University Jena Lessingstraße 10 07743 Jena Deutschland
| | - Hanjun Sun
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Dresden University of Technology Mommsenstraße 4 01062 Dresden Deutschland
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University 1 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Inez M. Weidinger
- Chair of Electrochemistry Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Dresden University of Technology Zellescher 19 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Dresden University of Technology Mommsenstraße 4 01062 Dresden Deutschland
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24
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Lan ZA, Wu M, Fang Z, Chi X, Chen X, Zhang Y, Wang X. A Fully Coplanar Donor-Acceptor Polymeric Semiconductor with Promoted Charge Separation Kinetics for Photochemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16355-16359. [PMID: 33945196 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Charge generation and separation are regarded as the major constraints limiting the photocatalytic activity of polymeric photocatalysts. Herein, two new linear polyarylether-based polymers (PAE-CPs) with distinct linking patterns between their donor and acceptor motifs were tailor-made to investigate the influence of different linking patterns on the charge generation and separation process. Theoretical and experimental results revealed that compared to the traditional single-stranded linker, the double-stranded linking pattern strengthens donor-acceptor interactions in PAE-CPs and generates a coplanar structure, facilitating charge generation and separation, and enabling red-shifted light absorption. With these prominent advantages, the PAE-CP interlinked with a double-stranded linker exhibits markedly enhanced photocatalytic activity compared to that of its single-strand-linked analogue. Such findings can facilitate the rational design and modification of organic semiconductors for charge-induced reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-An Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China.,College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Meng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Zhongpu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xu Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Yongfan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xinchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
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25
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Khan MY, Khan I, Zeama M, Khan A. Sulfone-containing Conjugated Polyimide 2D Nanosheets for Efficient Water Oxidation. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:1979-1987. [PMID: 34058080 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Water oxidation is a bottleneck in artificial photosynthesis that impedes its practicality for solar energy conversion and utilization. It is highly desired to significantly improve the efficacy of the existing catalysts or to rationally design new catalysts with improved performance. We report a novel conjugated and sulfone containing polyimide as a metal-free photocatalyst synthesized via a two-step method: (i) synthesis of precursor poly(amic acid) (PAA) (ii) solvothermal synthesis of polyimide through thermal imidization. The synthesis of the polyimide photocatalyst was demonstrated by the amide linkage in the FTIR spectrum. The obtained photocatalyst was semicrystalline in nature and possessed sheet-like morphology as illustrated by the diffraction pattern and the electron micrographic images, respectively. The thermogravimetric analysis of the polyimide nanosheets validated a thermally stable structure. The DFT calculations were performed which showed a suitable HOMO band position, favorable for water oxidation. The photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) performance of the polyimide nanosheets evaluated by studying water oxidation reaction without any sacrificial agent under 1-SUN showed enhanced PEC performance and good stability towards water oxidation at 0 V versus SCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Yusuf Khan
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Khan
- Center of Integrated Petroleum Research (CIPR), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.,School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mostafa Zeama
- Physics Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abuzar Khan
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
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26
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Borrelli M, Querebillo CJ, Pastoetter DL, Wang T, Milani A, Casari C, Khoa Ly H, He F, Hou Y, Neumann C, Turchanin A, Sun H, Weidinger IM, Feng X. Thiophene-Based Conjugated Acetylenic Polymers with Dual Active Sites for Efficient Co-Catalyst-Free Photoelectrochemical Water Reduction in Alkaline Medium. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:18876-18881. [PMID: 34170591 PMCID: PMC8457198 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Although being attractive materials for photoelectrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (PEC HER) under neutral or acidic conditions, conjugated polymers still show poor PEC HER performance in alkaline medium due to the lack of water dissociation sites. Herein, we demonstrate that tailoring the polymer skeleton from poly(diethynylthieno[3,2‐b]thiophene) (pDET) to poly(2,6‐diethynylbenzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene (pBDT) and poly(diethynyldithieno[3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d]thiophene) (pDTT) in conjugated acetylenic polymers (CAPs) introduces highly efficient active sites for water dissociation. As a result, pDTT and pBDT, grown on Cu substrate, demonstrate benchmark photocurrent densities of 170 μA cm−2 and 120 μA cm−2 (at 0.3 V vs. RHE; pH 13), which are 4.2 and 3 times higher than that of pDET, respectively. Moreover, by combining DFT calculations and electrochemical operando resonance Raman spectroscopy, we propose that the electron‐enriched Cβ of the outer thiophene rings of pDTT are the water dissociation active sites, while the −C≡C− bonds function as the active sites for hydrogen evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mino Borrelli
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Dresden University of Technology, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christine Joy Querebillo
- Chair of Electrochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Dresden University of Technology, Zellescher 19, 01062, Dresden, Germany.,Institute for Complex Materials, Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW), Helmholtzstrasse, 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dominik L Pastoetter
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Dresden University of Technology, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tao Wang
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Alberto Milani
- Diparimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/3, Milano, Italy
| | - Carlo Casari
- Diparimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/3, Milano, Italy
| | - Hoang Khoa Ly
- Chair of Electrochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Dresden University of Technology, Zellescher 19, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Fan He
- Key Laboratory of Biological Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yang Hou
- Key Laboratory of Biological Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Christof Neumann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Andrey Turchanin
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Hanjun Sun
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Dresden University of Technology, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Inez M Weidinger
- Chair of Electrochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Dresden University of Technology, Zellescher 19, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Dresden University of Technology, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
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27
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Lan Z, Wu M, Fang Z, Chi X, Chen X, Zhang Y, Wang X. A Fully Coplanar Donor–Acceptor Polymeric Semiconductor with Promoted Charge Separation Kinetics for Photochemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi‐An Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
- College of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| | - Meng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| | - Zhongpu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| | - Xu Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| | - Xiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| | - Yongfan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| | - Xinchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
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28
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Lin H, Ma Z, Zhao J, Liu Y, Chen J, Wang J, Wu K, Jia H, Zhang X, Cao X, Wang X, Fu X, Long J. Electric-Field-Mediated Electron Tunneling of Supramolecular Naphthalimide Nanostructures for Biomimetic H 2 Production. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:1235-1243. [PMID: 33026673 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of two semiconducting bis (4-ethynyl-bridging 1, 8-naphthalimide) bolaamphiphiles (BENI-COO- and BENI-NH3 + ) to fabricate supramolecular metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) nanostructures for biomimetic hydrogen evolution under visible light irradiation is presented. A H2 evolution rate of ca. 3.12 mmol g-1 ⋅h-1 and an apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of ca. 1.63 % at 400 nm were achieved over the BENI-COO- -NH3 + -Ni MIS photosystem prepared by electrostatic self-assembly of BENI-COO- with the opposite-charged DuBois-Ni catalysts. The hot electrons of photoexcited BENI-COO- nanofibers were tunneled to the molecular Ni collectors across a salt bridge and an alkyl region of 2.2-2.5 nm length at a rate of 6.10×108 s-1 , which is five times larger than the BENI-NH3 + nanoribbons (1.17×108 s-1 ). The electric field benefited significantly the electron tunneling dynamics and compensated the charge-separated states insufficient in the BENI-COO- nanofibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China.,College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Jiwu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Jinquan Chen
- Department State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Zhongshan Campus, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
| | - Junhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Kaifeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Huaping Jia
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xuming Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xinhua Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, P. R. China
| | - Xuxu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Xianzhi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Jinlin Long
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
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29
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Li G, Xie Z, Wang Q, Chen X, Zhang Y, Wang X. Asymmetric Acceptor-Donor-Acceptor Polymers with Fast Charge Carrier Transfer for Solar Hydrogen Production. Chemistry 2021; 27:939-943. [PMID: 32935405 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Construction of local donor-acceptor architecture is one of the valid means for facilitating the intramolecular charge transfer in organic semiconductors. To further accelerate the interface charge transfer, a ternary acceptor-donor-acceptor (A1 -D-A2 ) molecular junction is established via gradient nitrogen substituting into the polymer skeleton. Accordingly, the exciton splitting and interface charge transfer could be promptly liberated because of the strong attracting ability of the two different electron acceptors. Both DFT calculations and photoluminescence spectra elucidate the swift charge transfer at the donor-acceptor interface. Consequently, the optimum polymer, N3 -CP, undergoes a remarkable photocatalytic property in terms of hydrogen production with AQY405 nm =26.6 % by the rational design of asymmetric molecular junctions on organic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guosheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and, Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and, Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and, Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and, Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Yongfan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and, Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xinchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and, Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
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30
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Xu Z, Cui Y, Guo B, Li H, Li H. Boosting Visible‐Light‐Driven H
2
Evolution of Covalent Triazine Framework from Water by Modifying Ni(II) Pyrimidine‐2‐thiolate Cocatalyst. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ze Xu
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 215123 Suzhou P.R. China
| | - Yao Cui
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 215123 Suzhou P.R. China
| | - Bin Guo
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 215123 Suzhou P.R. China
| | - Hai‐Yan Li
- Analysis and Testing Center Soochow University Soochow University 215123 Suzhou P.R. China
| | - Hong‐Xi Li
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 215123 Suzhou P.R. China
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31
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Lin H, Ma Z, Zhao J, Liu Y, Chen J, Wang J, Wu K, Jia H, Zhang X, Cao X, Wang X, Fu X, Long J. Electric‐Field‐Mediated Electron Tunneling of Supramolecular Naphthalimide Nanostructures for Biomimetic H
2
Production. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 P. R. China
- College of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 P. R. China
| | - Zhiyun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 P. R. China
| | - Jiwu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 P. R. China
| | - Jinquan Chen
- Department State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy Zhongshan Campus East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
| | - Junhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Science Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Kaifeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Science Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Huaping Jia
- Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong 999077 P. R. China
| | - Xuming Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong 999077 P. R. China
| | - Xinhua Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 P. R. China
| | - Xuxu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 P. R. China
| | - Xianzhi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 P. R. China
| | - Jinlin Long
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 P. R. China
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32
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Rahman M, Tian H, Edvinsson T. Revisiting the Limiting Factors for Overall Water-Splitting on Organic Photocatalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16278-16293. [PMID: 32329950 PMCID: PMC7540687 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In pursuit of inexpensive and earth abundant photocatalysts for solar hydrogen production from water, conjugated polymers have shown potential to be a viable alternative to widely used inorganic counterparts. The photocatalytic performance of polymeric photocatalysts, however, is very poor in comparison to that of inorganic photocatalysts. Most of the organic photocatalysts are active in hydrogen production only when a sacrificial electron donor (SED) is added into the solution, and their high performances often rely on presence of noble metal co-catalyst (e.g. Pt). For pursuing a carbon neutral and cost-effective green hydrogen production, unassisted hydrogen production solely from water is one of the critical requirements to translate a mere bench-top research interest into the real world applications. Although this is a generic problem for both inorganic and organic types of photocatalysts, organic photocatalysts are mostly investigated in the half-reaction, and have so far shown limited success in hydrogen production from overall water-splitting. To make progress, this article exclusively discusses critical factors that are limiting the overall water-splitting in organic photocatalysts. Additionally, we also have extended the discussion to issues related to stability, accurate reporting of the hydrogen production as well as challenges to be resolved to reach 10 % STH (solar-to-hydrogen) conversion efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rahman
- Department of Materials Sciences and EngineeringDivision of Solid State PhysicsAngstrom LaboratoryUppsala UniversitySweden
| | - Haining Tian
- Department of ChemistryDivision of Physical chemistryAngstrom LaboratoryUppsala UniversitySweden
| | - Tomas Edvinsson
- Department of Materials Sciences and EngineeringDivision of Solid State PhysicsAngstrom LaboratoryUppsala UniversitySweden
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33
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Wang H, Jin S, Zhang X, Xie Y. Excitonic Effects in Polymeric Photocatalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:22828-22839. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
- Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei Anhui 230031 P. R. China
| | - Sen Jin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
- Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei Anhui 230031 P. R. China
| | - Yi Xie
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
- Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei Anhui 230031 P. R. China
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34
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
- Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei Anhui 230031 P. R. China
| | - Sen Jin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
- Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei Anhui 230031 P. R. China
| | - Yi Xie
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
- Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei Anhui 230031 P. R. China
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35
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Guo X, Hu K, Chu M, Li Y, Bian J, Qu Y, Chu X, Yang F, Zhao Q, Qin C, Jing L. Mg-O-Bridged Polypyrrole/g-C 3 N 4 Nanocomposites as Efficient Visible-Light Catalysts for Hydrogen Evolution. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:3707-3717. [PMID: 32134177 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
It is highly desired to improve the visible-light activity of g-C3 N4 for H2 evolution by constructing closely contacted heterojunctions with conductive polymers. Herein, a polymer nanocomposite photocatalyst with high visible-light activity is fabricated successfully by coupling nanosized polypyrrole (NPPy) particles onto g-C3 N4 nanosheets through a simple wet-chemical process, and its visible-light activity is improved further by constructing Mg-O bridges between the NPPy and g-C3 N4 . The amount-optimized bridged nanocomposite displays an approximately ninefold improvement in visible-light activity compared with g-C3 N4 . On the basis of transient-state surface photovoltage responses, photoluminescence spectra, . OH amount evaluation, and photoelectrochemical curves, it is concluded that the exceptional photoactivity can be attributed to the significantly promoted charge transfer and separation along with visible photosensitization from NPPy. Interestingly, it is confirmed that the promoted charge separation depends mainly on the excited high-level electron transfer from g-C3 N4 to NPPy by single-wavelength photocurrent action spectra. This work provides a feasible strategy for designing polymer nano-heterojunction photocatalysts with exceptional visible-light activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Kang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Mingna Chu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Ji Bian
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Yang Qu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Chu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Chuanli Qin
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Liqiang Jing
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
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36
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Rahman M, Tian H, Edvinsson T. Revisiting the Limiting Factors for Overall Water‐Splitting on Organic Photocatalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rahman
- Department of Materials Sciences and EngineeringDivision of Solid State PhysicsAngstrom LaboratoryUppsala University Sweden
| | - Haining Tian
- Department of ChemistryDivision of Physical chemistryAngstrom LaboratoryUppsala University Sweden
| | - Tomas Edvinsson
- Department of Materials Sciences and EngineeringDivision of Solid State PhysicsAngstrom LaboratoryUppsala University Sweden
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37
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Hu Y, Huang W, Wang H, He Q, Zhou Y, Yang P, Li Y, Li Y. Metal-Free Photocatalytic Hydrogenation Using Covalent Triazine Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:14378-14382. [PMID: 32485021 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalytic hydrogenation of biomass-derived organic molecules transforms solar energy into high-energy-density chemical bonds. Reported herein is the preparation of a thiophene-containing covalent triazine polymer as a photocatalyst, with unique donor-acceptor units, for the metal-free photocatalytic hydrogenation of unsaturated organic molecules. Under visible-light illumination, the polymeric photocatalyst enables the transformation of maleic acid into succinic acid with a production rate of about 2 mmol g-1 h-1 , and furfural into furfuryl alcohol with a production rate of about 0.5 mmol g-1 h-1 . Great catalyst stability and recyclability are also measured. Given the structural diversity of polymeric photocatalysts and their readily tunable optical and electronic properties, metal-free photocatalytic hydrogenation represents a highly promising approach for solar energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongpan Hu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hongshuai Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qing He
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Youyong Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yanguang Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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38
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Hu Y, Huang W, Wang H, He Q, Zhou Y, Yang P, Li Y, Li Y. Metal‐Free Photocatalytic Hydrogenation Using Covalent Triazine Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongpan Hu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Hongshuai Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Qing He
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Ping Yang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Youyong Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Yanguang Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
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39
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Bai Y, Hu Z, Jiang JX, Huang F. Hydrophilic Conjugated Materials for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1780-1790. [PMID: 32293789 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution is viewed as a promising green strategy to utilize the inexhaustible solar energy and provide clean hydrogen fuels with zero-emission characteristic. The nature of semiconductor-based photocatalysts is the key point to achieve efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Conjugated materials have been recently emerging as a novel class of photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution and photocatalytic reactions due to their electronic properties can be well controlled via tailor-made chemical structures. Hydrophilic conjugated materials, a subgroup of conjugated materials, possess multiple advantages for photocatalytic applications, thus spurring remarkable progress on both material realm and photocatalytic applications. This minireview aims to provide a brief review of the recent developments of hydrophilic conjugated polymers/small molecules for photocatalytic applications, and special concern on the rational molecular design and their impact on photocatalytic performance will be reviewed. Perspectives on the hydrophilic conjugated materials and challenges to their applications in the photocatalytic field are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqing Bai
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P.R. China
| | - Zhicheng Hu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Xing Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, P. R. China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P.R. China
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40
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Wisser FM, Duguet M, Perrinet Q, Ghosh AC, Alves‐Favaro M, Mohr Y, Lorentz C, Quadrelli EA, Palkovits R, Farrusseng D, Mellot‐Draznieks C, Waele V, Canivet J. Molecular Porous Photosystems Tailored for Long‐Term Photocatalytic CO
2
Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:5116-5122. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian M. Wisser
- Université de LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRS, IRCELYON—UMR 5256 2 Avenue Albert Einstein 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Mathis Duguet
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques (LCPB) Collège de FrancePSL Research UniversityCNRS Sorbonne Université 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Quentin Perrinet
- Univ. LilleCNRS, UMR 8516, LASIR-Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman 59000 Lille France
| | - Ashta C. Ghosh
- Université de LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRS, IRCELYON—UMR 5256 2 Avenue Albert Einstein 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Marcelo Alves‐Favaro
- Université de LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRS, IRCELYON—UMR 5256 2 Avenue Albert Einstein 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex France
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare ChemieRWTH Aachen University Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Yorck Mohr
- Université de LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRS, IRCELYON—UMR 5256 2 Avenue Albert Einstein 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Chantal Lorentz
- Université de LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRS, IRCELYON—UMR 5256 2 Avenue Albert Einstein 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Elsje Alessandra Quadrelli
- Université de LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE LyonCNRS, C2P2—UMR 5265 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
| | - Regina Palkovits
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare ChemieRWTH Aachen University Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - David Farrusseng
- Université de LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRS, IRCELYON—UMR 5256 2 Avenue Albert Einstein 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Caroline Mellot‐Draznieks
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques (LCPB) Collège de FrancePSL Research UniversityCNRS Sorbonne Université 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Vincent Waele
- Univ. LilleCNRS, UMR 8516, LASIR-Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman 59000 Lille France
| | - Jérôme Canivet
- Université de LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRS, IRCELYON—UMR 5256 2 Avenue Albert Einstein 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex France
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41
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Wisser FM, Duguet M, Perrinet Q, Ghosh AC, Alves‐Favaro M, Mohr Y, Lorentz C, Quadrelli EA, Palkovits R, Farrusseng D, Mellot‐Draznieks C, Waele V, Canivet J. Molecular Porous Photosystems Tailored for Long‐Term Photocatalytic CO
2
Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian M. Wisser
- Université de LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRS, IRCELYON—UMR 5256 2 Avenue Albert Einstein 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Mathis Duguet
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques (LCPB) Collège de FrancePSL Research UniversityCNRS Sorbonne Université 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Quentin Perrinet
- Univ. LilleCNRS, UMR 8516, LASIR-Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman 59000 Lille France
| | - Ashta C. Ghosh
- Université de LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRS, IRCELYON—UMR 5256 2 Avenue Albert Einstein 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Marcelo Alves‐Favaro
- Université de LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRS, IRCELYON—UMR 5256 2 Avenue Albert Einstein 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex France
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare ChemieRWTH Aachen University Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Yorck Mohr
- Université de LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRS, IRCELYON—UMR 5256 2 Avenue Albert Einstein 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Chantal Lorentz
- Université de LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRS, IRCELYON—UMR 5256 2 Avenue Albert Einstein 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Elsje Alessandra Quadrelli
- Université de LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE LyonCNRS, C2P2—UMR 5265 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
| | - Regina Palkovits
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare ChemieRWTH Aachen University Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - David Farrusseng
- Université de LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRS, IRCELYON—UMR 5256 2 Avenue Albert Einstein 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Caroline Mellot‐Draznieks
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques (LCPB) Collège de FrancePSL Research UniversityCNRS Sorbonne Université 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Vincent Waele
- Univ. LilleCNRS, UMR 8516, LASIR-Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman 59000 Lille France
| | - Jérôme Canivet
- Université de LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRS, IRCELYON—UMR 5256 2 Avenue Albert Einstein 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex France
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42
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Teng D, Wei X, Li J, Gao H, Zhang M, Zong Z. One‐pot Facile Synthesis of Multifunctional Conjugated Microporous Polymers
via
Suzuki‐Miyaura Coupling Reaction. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201904303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dao‐Guang Teng
- Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient UtilizationMinistry of EducationChina University of Mining & Technology Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu China
| | - Xian‐Yong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient UtilizationMinistry of EducationChina University of Mining & Technology Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu China
| | - Jia‐Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient UtilizationMinistry of EducationChina University of Mining & Technology Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu China
| | - Hua‐Shuai Gao
- Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient UtilizationMinistry of EducationChina University of Mining & Technology Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu China
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient UtilizationMinistry of EducationChina University of Mining & Technology Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu China
| | - Zhi‐Min Zong
- Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient UtilizationMinistry of EducationChina University of Mining & Technology Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu China
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43
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Liu F, Huang C, Liu CX, Shi R, Chen Y. Black Phosphorus-Based Semiconductor Heterojunctions for Photocatalytic Water Splitting. Chemistry 2020; 26:4449-4460. [PMID: 31710131 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Solar-to-hydrogen (H2 ) conversion has been regarded as a sustainable and renewable technique to address aggravated environmental pollution and global energy crisis. The most critical aspect in this technology is to develop highly efficient and stable photocatalysts, especially metal-free photocatalysts. Recently, black phosphorus (BP), as a rising star 2D nanomaterial, has captured enormous attention in photocatalytic water splitting owing to its widespread optical absorption, adjustable direct band gap, and superior carrier migration characteristics. However, the rapid charge recombination of pristine BP has seriously limited its practical application as photocatalyst. The construction of BP-based semiconductor heterojunctions has been proven to be an effective strategy for enhancing the separation of photogenerated carriers. This Minireview attempts to summarize the recent progress in BP-based semiconductor heterojunctions for photocatalytic water splitting, including type-I and type-II heterojunctions, Z-Scheme systems, and multicomponent heterojunctions. Finally, a brief summary and perspective on the challenges and future directions in this field are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials &, CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Chen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials &, CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Chu-Xuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials &, CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Rui Shi
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials &, CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
| | - Yong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials &, CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
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44
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Shu C, Zhao Y, Zhang C, Gao X, Ma W, Ren SB, Wang F, Chen Y, Zeng JH, Jiang JX. Bisulfone-Functionalized Organic Polymer Photocatalysts for High-Performance Hydrogen Evolution. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:369-375. [PMID: 31755236 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201902797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers show great potential in the application of photocatalysis, particularly for the photoreduction reaction of water to generate hydrogen. Molecular structure design is a key part for building a high-performance organic photocatalyst. Herein, two bisulfone-containing conjugated polymer photocatalysts were constructed with 1D or 3D polymer structures, and the effect of polymer geometry on photocatalytic activity was studied. It was found that the linear polymer PySEO-1 exhibited increased photocatalytic performance compared with the 3D polymer network PySEO-2 because the enhanced coplanarity of the polymeric chain in PySEO-1 promoted the photogenerated charge-carrier transmission along the 1D main chain. As a result, an attractive hydrogen generation rate of 9477 μmol h-1 g-1 was obtained with PySEO-1 under broadband light irradiation. PySEO-1 also exhibited a high external quantum efficiency of 4.1 % at an incident light wavelength of 400 nm, demonstrating that the bisulfone-containing polymers are attractive as organic photocatalysts for hydrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Shu
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, P. R. China
| | - Yongbo Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, P. R. China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomin Gao
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, P. R. China
| | - Wenyan Ma
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Bin Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 317000, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, P. R. China
| | - Jing Hui Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Xing Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, P. R. China
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45
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Jayakumar J, Chou H. Recent Advances in Visible‐Light‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution from Water using Polymer Photocatalysts. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayachandran Jayakumar
- Department of Chemical EngineeringNational Tsing Hua University No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
| | - Ho‐Hsiu Chou
- Department of Chemical EngineeringNational Tsing Hua University No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
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46
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Zhu Y, Lv C, Yin Z, Ren J, Yang X, Dong C, Liu H, Cai R, Huang Y, Theis W, Shen S, Yang D. A [001]‐Oriented Hittorf's Phosphorus Nanorods/Polymeric Carbon Nitride Heterostructure for Boosting Wide‐Spectrum‐Responsive Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution from Pure Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:868-873. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textilesShandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological TextilesInstitute of Marine Biobased MaterialsSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringQingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
- International Research Center for Renewable EnergyState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Chunxiao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textilesShandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological TextilesInstitute of Marine Biobased MaterialsSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringQingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
| | - Zhuocheng Yin
- International Research Center for Renewable EnergyState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Jun Ren
- School of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringNorth University of China Taiyuan 030051 P. R. China
| | - Xianfeng Yang
- Analytical and Testing CentreSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Chung‐Li Dong
- Research Center for X-ray Science & Department of PhysicsTamkang University Tamsui 25137 Taiwan
| | - Hongwei Liu
- The Australian Centre for Microscopy & MicroanalysisThe University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia
| | - Rongsheng Cai
- Nanoscale Physics Research LaboratorySchool of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Yu‐Cheng Huang
- Research Center for X-ray Science & Department of PhysicsTamkang University Tamsui 25137 Taiwan
| | - Wolfgang Theis
- Nanoscale Physics Research LaboratorySchool of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Shaohua Shen
- International Research Center for Renewable EnergyState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Dongjiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textilesShandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological TextilesInstitute of Marine Biobased MaterialsSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringQingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
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47
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Zhu Y, Lv C, Yin Z, Ren J, Yang X, Dong C, Liu H, Cai R, Huang Y, Theis W, Shen S, Yang D. A [001]‐Oriented Hittorf's Phosphorus Nanorods/Polymeric Carbon Nitride Heterostructure for Boosting Wide‐Spectrum‐Responsive Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution from Pure Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textilesShandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological TextilesInstitute of Marine Biobased MaterialsSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringQingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
- International Research Center for Renewable EnergyState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Chunxiao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textilesShandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological TextilesInstitute of Marine Biobased MaterialsSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringQingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
| | - Zhuocheng Yin
- International Research Center for Renewable EnergyState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Jun Ren
- School of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringNorth University of China Taiyuan 030051 P. R. China
| | - Xianfeng Yang
- Analytical and Testing CentreSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Chung‐Li Dong
- Research Center for X-ray Science & Department of PhysicsTamkang University Tamsui 25137 Taiwan
| | - Hongwei Liu
- The Australian Centre for Microscopy & MicroanalysisThe University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia
| | - Rongsheng Cai
- Nanoscale Physics Research LaboratorySchool of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Yu‐Cheng Huang
- Research Center for X-ray Science & Department of PhysicsTamkang University Tamsui 25137 Taiwan
| | - Wolfgang Theis
- Nanoscale Physics Research LaboratorySchool of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Shaohua Shen
- International Research Center for Renewable EnergyState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Dongjiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textilesShandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological TextilesInstitute of Marine Biobased MaterialsSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringQingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
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48
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Lan Z, Zhang G, Chen X, Zhang Y, Zhang KAI, Wang X. Reducing the Exciton Binding Energy of Donor–Acceptor‐Based Conjugated Polymers to Promote Charge‐Induced Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:10236-10240. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi‐An Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and EnvironmentCollege of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| | - Guigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and EnvironmentCollege of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| | - Xiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and EnvironmentCollege of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| | - Yongfan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and EnvironmentCollege of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| | - Kai A. I. Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Xinchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and EnvironmentCollege of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
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49
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Ren W, Cheng J, Ou H, Huang C, Titirici MM, Wang X. Enhancing Visible-Light Hydrogen Evolution Performance of Crystalline Carbon Nitride by Defect Engineering. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:3257-3262. [PMID: 31050189 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201901011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Crystalline carbon nitride (CCN)-based semiconductors have recently attracted widespread attention in solar energy conversion. However, further modifying the photocatalytic ability of CCN always results in a trade-off between high crystallinity and good photocatalytic performance. Herein, a facile defect engineering strategy was demonstrated to modify the CCN photocatalysts. Results confirmed that the obtained D-CCN maintained the high crystallinity; additionally, the hydrogen production rate of D-CCN was approximately 8 times higher than that of CCN. Particularly, it could produce H2 even if the incident light wavelength extended to 610 nm. The significantly improved photocatalytic activity could be ascribed to the introduction of defects into the CCN polymer network to form the midgap states, which significantly broadened the visible-light absorption range and accelerated the charge separation for photoredox catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P.R. China
| | - Jiajia Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P.R. China
| | - Honghui Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P.R. China
| | - Caijin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P.R. China
| | - Maria-Magdalena Titirici
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SE7 2AZ, UK
| | - Xinchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P.R. China
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50
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Yin L, Wang S, Yang C, Lyu S, Wang X. Modulation of Polymeric Carbon Nitrides through Supramolecular Preorganization for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:3320-3325. [PMID: 31087752 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201900979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular pre-assembly by design is an effective strategy to adapt the physicochemical properties of polymeric carbon nitrides (PCNs) to improve their solar conversion performance. A new supramolecular preorganization protocol, which employs H2 O as the self-assembly medium and sodium persulfate as a modifier, is proposed to modulate the textural and photoelectronic features of PCNs for efficient visible-light H2 evolution. Sodium persulfate is revealed to precisely tailor the final carbon nitride polymers with unusual porous layered structures and promoted charge separation and migration kinetics. As a result, the modulated PCNs with optimized structures show a greatly enriched activity for photocatalytic H2 generation compared to the analogous materials derived from melamine without the modifier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Sibo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Can Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Shihuan Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Xinchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, P.R. China
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