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Szalai Z, Tóth B, Szabó RO, Bősze S, Karaghiosoff K, Czugler M, Drahos L, Keglevich G. A Study of the Bisphosphonic Derivatives from the Pudovik Reaction of Dialkyl α-Oxophosphonates and >P(O)H Reagents: X-ray Structure and Bioactivity. Molecules 2023; 28:6037. [PMID: 37630289 PMCID: PMC10459769 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
New hydroxy-methylenebisphosphonic derivatives were prepared with different P-functions. The outcome of the reaction of α-oxophosphonates (YC(O)P(O)(OR)2) and dialkyl phosphites or diarylphosphine oxides depended on the Y substituent of the oxo-compound, the nature of the P-reagent and the amount of the diethylamine catalyst. Starting from dimethyl α-oxoethylphosphonate, in the presence of 5% of diethylamine, the corresponding Pudovik adduct was the single product. While using 40% of the catalyst, the rearranged species with the >P(O)-O-CH-P(O)< skeleton was the exclusive component. A similar reaction of α-oxobenzylphosphonate followed the rearrangement protocol. X-ray crystallography revealed not only the spatial structures of the three products, but also an intricate pattern evolving from the interplay of slight chemical differences, solvent inclusion and disorder as well as H-bridge patterns, which invite further investigation. In vitro activity of the compounds was assessed on different tumor cell cultures using end-point-type cell tetrazolium-based measurements. These structure-activity studies revealed a cytostatic effect for four rearranged derivatives containing aromatic units. One of them had a pronounced effect on MDA-MB 231 and Ebc-1 cells, showing IC50 = 37.8 and 25.9 µM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Szalai
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1521 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.S.); (B.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Boldizsár Tóth
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1521 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.S.); (B.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Rita Oláhné Szabó
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (R.O.S.); (S.B.)
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Bősze
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (R.O.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Konstantin Karaghiosoff
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 München, Germany;
| | - Mátyás Czugler
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1521 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.S.); (B.T.); (M.C.)
| | - László Drahos
- MS Proteomics Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - György Keglevich
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1521 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.S.); (B.T.); (M.C.)
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Yang K, Nong K, Xu F, Chen Y, Yu J, Lin L, Hu X, Wang Y, Li T, Dong J, Wang J. Discovery of Novel N-Hydroxy-1,2,4-oxadiazole-5-formamides as ASM Direct Inhibitors for the Treatment of Atherosclerosis. J Med Chem 2023; 66:2681-2698. [PMID: 36786607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), which regulates sphingolipid metabolism and lipid signaling, has been considered as a new potential target for the treatment of atherosclerosis. In this study, a series of benzene-heterocyclic-based ASM inhibitors were rationally designed, synthesized, and screened for the first time. As a result, some compounds showed favorable inhibitory activity against recombinant human ASM. The detailed SARs are also discussed. Compound 4i revealed good pharmacokinetic data and in vivo inhibitory activity against ASM by reducing the level of ceramide in mice plasma and liver. Pharmacodynamic studies confirmed that 4i could lessen lipid plaques in the aortic arch and aorta and reduce plasma ceramide concentration and Ox-LDL levels. Moreover, 4i was found to significantly decrease LPS-induced and Ox-LDL-induced cell inflammation by regulating the levels of ceramide and sphingomyelin. Overall, this study preliminarily demonstrates that ASM may be an effective target against atherosclerosis for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Keyi Nong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jinying Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lizhi Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Youzhi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ting Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jibin Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jinxin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Kaboudin B, Daliri P, Faghih S, Esfandiari H. Hydroxy- and Amino-Phosphonates and -Bisphosphonates: Synthetic Methods and Their Biological Applications. Front Chem 2022; 10:890696. [PMID: 35721002 PMCID: PMC9200139 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.890696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphonates and bisphosphonates are stable analogs of phosphates and pyrophosphates that are characterized by one and two carbon–phosphorus bonds, respectively. Among the various phosphonates and bisphosphonates, hydroxy and amino substitutes are of interest as effective in medicinal and industrial chemistry. For example, hydroxy bisphosphonates have proven to be effective for the prevention of bone loss, especially in osteoporotic disease. On the other hand, different substitutions on the carbon atom connected to phosphorus have led to the synthesis of many different hydroxy- and amino-phosphonates and -bisphosphonates, each with its distinct physical, chemical, biological, therapeutic, and toxicological characteristics. Dialkyl or aryl esters of phosphonate and bisphosphonate compounds undergo the hydrolysis process readily and gave valuable materials with wide applications in pharmaceutical and agriculture. This review aims to demonstrate the ongoing preparation of various classes of hydroxy- and amino-phosphonates and -bisphosphonates. Furthermore, the current review summarizes and comprehensively describes articles on the biological applications of hydroxyl- and amino-phosphonates and -bisphosphonates from 2015 until today.
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4
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Kim MJ, Jeong H, Krainc D. Lysosomal ceramides regulate cathepsin B-mediated processing of saposin C and glucocerebrosidase activity. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:2424-2437. [PMID: 35181782 PMCID: PMC9307309 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Variants in multiple lysosomal enzymes increase Parkinson's disease (PD) risk, including the genes encoding glucocerebrosidase (GCase), acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase) and galactosylceramidase. Each of these enzymes generates ceramide by hydrolysis of sphingolipids in lysosomes, but the role of this common pathway in PD pathogenesis has not yet been explored. Variations in GBA1, the gene encoding GCase, are the most common genetic risk factor for PD. The lysosomal enzyme cathepsin B has recently been implicated as an important genetic modifier of disease penetrance in individuals harboring GBA1 variants, suggesting a mechanistic link between these enzymes. Here, we found that ceramide activates cathepsin B, and identified a novel role for cathepsin B in mediating prosaposin cleavage to form saposin C, the lysosomal coactivator of GCase. Interestingly, this pathway was disrupted in Parkin-linked PD models, and upon treatment with inhibitor of ASMase which resulted in decreased ceramide production. Conversely, increasing ceramide production by inhibiting acid ceramidase activity was sufficient to upregulate cathepsin B- and saposin C-mediated activation of GCase. These results highlight a mechanistic link between ceramide and cathepsin B in regulating GCase activity and suggest that targeting lysosomal ceramide or cathepsin B represents an important therapeutic strategy for activating GCase in PD and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Jong Kim
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hyunkyung Jeong
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel/Fax: 312-503-3936;
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Qu Z, Zhou L. Drug Development in the Field of Sphinogolipid Metabolism. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1372:169-188. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-0394-6_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Anselmo A, Frank D, Papa L, Viviani Anselmi C, Di Pasquale E, Mazzola M, Panico C, Clemente F, Soldani C, Pagiatakis C, Hinkel R, Thalmann R, Kozlik-Feldmann R, Miragoli M, Carullo P, Vacchiano M, Chaves-Sanjuan A, Santo N, Losi MA, Ferrari MC, Puca AA, Christiansen V, Seoudy H, Freitag-Wolf S, Frey N, Dempfle A, Mercola M, Esposito G, Briguori C, Kupatt C, Condorelli G. Myocardial hypoxic stress mediates functional cardiac extracellular vesicle release. Eur Heart J 2021; 42:2780-2792. [PMID: 34104945 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Increased shedding of extracellular vesicles (EVs)-small, lipid bilayer-delimited particles with a role in paracrine signalling-has been associated with human pathologies, e.g. atherosclerosis, but whether this is true for cardiac diseases is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we used the surface antigen CD172a as a specific marker of cardiomyocyte (CM)-derived EVs; the CM origin of CD172a+ EVs was supported by their content of cardiac-specific proteins and heart-enriched microRNAs. We found that patients with aortic stenosis, ischaemic heart disease, or cardiomyopathy had higher circulating CD172a+ cardiac EV counts than did healthy subjects. Cellular stress was a major determinant of EV release from CMs, with hypoxia increasing shedding in in vitro and in vivo experiments. At the functional level, EVs isolated from the supernatant of CMs derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells and cultured in a hypoxic atmosphere elicited a positive inotropic response in unstressed CMs, an effect we found to be dependent on an increase in the number of EVs expressing ceramide on their surface. Of potential clinical relevance, aortic stenosis patients with the highest counts of circulating cardiac CD172a+ EVs had a more favourable prognosis for transcatheter aortic valve replacement than those with lower counts. CONCLUSION We identified circulating CD172a+ EVs as cardiac derived, showing their release and function and providing evidence for their prognostic potential in aortic stenosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achille Anselmo
- IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy
| | - Derk Frank
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck Partner Site, Arnold-Heller-Str.3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology and Angiology), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Arnold-Heller-Str.3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Laura Papa
- IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy
| | | | - Elisa Di Pasquale
- IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, Arnold-Heller-Str.3, 24105 Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Mazzola
- IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14,43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Cristina Panico
- IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy
| | - Francesca Clemente
- IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy
| | - Cristiana Soldani
- IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy
| | | | - Rabea Hinkel
- DZHK, Munich Partner Site, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik l, University Clinic Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Ruth Thalmann
- DZHK, Munich Partner Site, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik l, University Clinic Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Reiner Kozlik-Feldmann
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck Partner Site, Arnold-Heller-Str.3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology and Angiology), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Arnold-Heller-Str.3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michele Miragoli
- IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14,43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Carullo
- IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, Arnold-Heller-Str.3, 24105 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Vacchiano
- IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy
| | - Antonio Chaves-Sanjuan
- Centro di Ricerche Pediatriche "R.E. Invernizzi", Università di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Santo
- Bio-imaging Facility Unitech Nolimits, University of Milan, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Angela Losi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Annibale Alessandro Puca
- Ageing Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via G. Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, "ScuolaMedicaSalernitana" University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Vincent Christiansen
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology and Angiology), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Arnold-Heller-Str.3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Hatim Seoudy
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck Partner Site, Arnold-Heller-Str.3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology and Angiology), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Arnold-Heller-Str.3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Sandra Freitag-Wolf
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, Brunswiker Str. 10, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Norbert Frey
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck Partner Site, Arnold-Heller-Str.3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology and Angiology), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Arnold-Heller-Str.3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Astrid Dempfle
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, Brunswiker Str. 10, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Mark Mercola
- Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, 891 Campus Drive, 94305 Palo Alto (CA), USA
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Briguori
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Via Orazio 2, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Christian Kupatt
- DZHK, Munich Partner Site, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik l, University Clinic Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Gianluigi Condorelli
- IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, Arnold-Heller-Str.3, 24105 Milan, Italy
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Platelet extracellular vesicles mediate transfusion-related acute lung injury by imbalancing the sphingolipid rheostat. Blood 2021; 137:690-701. [PMID: 33232973 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020005985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a hazardous transfusion complication with an associated mortality of 5% to 15%. We previously showed that stored (5 days) but not fresh platelets (1 day) cause TRALI via ceramide-mediated endothelial barrier dysfunction. As biological ceramides are hydrophobic, extracellular vesicles (EVs) may be required to shuttle these sphingolipids from platelets to endothelial cells. Adding to complexity, EV formation in turn requires ceramide. We hypothesized that ceramide-dependent EV formation from stored platelets and EV-dependent sphingolipid shuttling induces TRALI. EVs formed during storage of murine platelets were enumerated, characterized for sphingolipids, and applied in a murine TRALI model in vivo and for endothelial barrier assessment in vitro. Five-day EVs were more abundant, had higher long-chain ceramide (C16:0, C18:0, C20:0), and lower sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) content than 1-day EVs. Transfusion of 5-day, but not 1-day, EVs induced characteristic signs of lung injury in vivo and endothelial barrier disruption in vitro. Inhibition or supplementation of ceramide-forming sphingomyelinase reduced or enhanced the formation of EVs, respectively, but did not alter the injuriousness per individual EV. Barrier failure was attenuated when EVs were abundant in or supplemented with S1P. Stored human platelet 4-day EVs were more numerous compared with 2-day EVs, contained more long-chain ceramide and less S1P, and caused more endothelial cell barrier leak. Hence, platelet-derived EVs become more numerous and more injurious (more long-chain ceramide, less S1P) during storage. Blockade of sphingomyelinase, EV elimination, or supplementation of S1P during platelet storage may present promising strategies for TRALI prevention.
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8
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Lin CH, Kornhuber J, Zheng F, Alzheimer C. Tonic Control of Secretory Acid Sphingomyelinase Over Ventral Hippocampal Synaptic Transmission and Neuron Excitability. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:660561. [PMID: 33897374 PMCID: PMC8062921 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.660561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) converts sphingomyelin into ceramide. Recent work has advanced the ASM/ceramide system as a major player in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). Indeed, ASM activity is enhanced in MDD patients and antidepressant drugs like fluoxetine act as functional inhibitors of ASM. Here, we employed the specific ASM inhibitor ARC39 to explore the acute effects of the enzyme on hippocampal synaptic transmission and cell excitability in adult mouse brain slice preparations. In both field potential and whole-cell recordings, ARC39 (1-3 μM) enhanced excitatory synaptic input onto ventral hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells. The specificity of drug action was demonstrated by its lacking effect in slices from ASM knockout mice. In control condition, ARC39 strongly reduced firing in most CA1 pyramidal cells, together with membrane hyperpolarization. Such pronounced inhibitory action of ARC39 on soma excitability was largely reversed when GABAA receptors were blocked. The idea that ARC39 recruits GABAergic inhibition to dampen cell excitability was further reinforced by the drug's ability to enhance the inhibitory synaptic drive onto pyramidal cells. In pyramidal cells that were pharmacologically isolated from synaptic input, the overall effect of ARC39 on cell firing was inhibitory, but some neurons displayed a biphasic response with a transient increase in firing, suggesting that ARC39 might alter intrinsic firing properties in a cell-specific fashion. Because ARC39 is charged at physiological pH and exerted all its effects within minutes of application, we propose that the neurophysiological actions reported here are due to the inhibition of secretory rather than lysosomal ASM. In summary, the ASM inhibitor ARC39 reveals a tonic control of the enzyme over ventral hippocampal excitability, which involves the intrinsic excitability of CA1 pyramidal cells as well as their excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hung Lin
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fang Zheng
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Alzheimer
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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9
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Skácel J, Slusher BS, Tsukamoto T. Small Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Biosynthesis of Ceramide, the Central Hub of the Sphingolipid Network. J Med Chem 2021; 64:279-297. [PMID: 33395289 PMCID: PMC8023021 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ceramides are composed of a sphingosine and a single fatty acid connected by an amide linkage. As one of the major classes of biologically active lipids, ceramides and their upstream and downstream metabolites have been implicated in several pathological conditions including cancer, neurodegeneration, diabetes, microbial pathogenesis, obesity, and inflammation. Consequently, tremendous efforts have been devoted to deciphering the dynamics of metabolic pathways involved in ceramide biosynthesis. Given that several distinct enzymes can produce ceramide, different enzyme targets have been pursued depending on the underlying disease mechanism. The main objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of small molecule inhibitors reported to date for each of these ceramide-producing enzymes from a medicinal chemistry perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Skácel
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery and Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Barbara S. Slusher
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery and Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Takashi Tsukamoto
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery and Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
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10
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Zeitler S, Schumacher F, Monti J, Anni D, Guhathakurta D, Kleuser B, Friedland K, Fejtová A, Kornhuber J, Rhein C. Acid Sphingomyelinase Impacts Canonical Transient Receptor Potential Channels 6 (TRPC6) Activity in Primary Neuronal Systems. Cells 2020; 9:E2502. [PMID: 33218173 PMCID: PMC7698877 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
: The acid sphingomyelinase (ASM)/ceramide system exhibits a crucial role in the pathology of major depressive disorder (MDD). ASM hydrolyzes the abundant membrane lipid sphingomyelin to ceramide that regulates the clustering of membrane proteins via microdomain and lipid raft organization. Several commonly used antidepressants, such as fluoxetine, rely on the functional inhibition of ASM in terms of their antidepressive pharmacological effects. Transient receptor potential canonical 6 (TRPC6) ion channels are located in the plasma membrane of neurons and serve as receptors for hyperforin, a phytochemical constituent of the antidepressive herbal remedy St. John's wort. TRPC6 channels are involved in the regulation of neuronal plasticity, which likely contributes to their antidepressant effect. In this work, we investigated the impact of reduced ASM activity on the TRPC6 function in neurons. A lipidomic analysis of cortical brain tissue of ASM deficient mice revealed a decrease in ceramide/sphingomyelin molar ratio and an increase in sphingosine. In neurons with ASM deletion, hyperforin-mediated Ca2+-influx via TRPC6 was decreased. Consequently, downstream activation of nuclear phospho-cAMP response element-binding protein (pCREB) was changed, a transcriptional factor involved in neuronal plasticity. Our study underlines the importance of balanced ASM activity, as well as sphingolipidome composition for optimal TRPC6 function. A better understanding of the interaction of the ASM/ceramide and TRPC6 systems could help to draw conclusions about the pathology of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Zeitler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.Z.); (J.M.); (D.A.); (D.G.); (A.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Department of Toxicology, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany;
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany;
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Juliana Monti
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.Z.); (J.M.); (D.A.); (D.G.); (A.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Daniela Anni
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.Z.); (J.M.); (D.A.); (D.G.); (A.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Debarpan Guhathakurta
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.Z.); (J.M.); (D.A.); (D.G.); (A.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Kristina Friedland
- Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Anna Fejtová
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.Z.); (J.M.); (D.A.); (D.G.); (A.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.Z.); (J.M.); (D.A.); (D.G.); (A.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Cosima Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.Z.); (J.M.); (D.A.); (D.G.); (A.F.); (J.K.)
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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11
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An electrochemical sensor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide detection based on dual functional Cu2+-modified metal–organic framework nanoparticles. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:415. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04364-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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12
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Park WJ, Park JW. The role of sphingolipids in endoplasmic reticulum stress. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:3632-3651. [PMID: 32538465 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an important intracellular compartment in eukaryotic cells and has diverse functions, including protein synthesis, protein folding, lipid metabolism and calcium homeostasis. ER functions are disrupted by various intracellular and extracellular stimuli that cause ER stress, including the inhibition of glycosylation, disulphide bond reduction, ER calcium store depletion, impaired protein transport to the Golgi, excessive ER protein synthesis, impairment of ER-associated protein degradation and mutated ER protein expression. Distinct ER stress signalling pathways, which are known as the unfolded protein response, are deployed to maintain ER homeostasis, and a failure to reverse ER stress triggers cell death. Sphingolipids are lipids that are structurally characterized by long-chain bases, including sphingosine or dihydrosphingosine (also known as sphinganine). Sphingolipids are bioactive molecules long known to regulate various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis and cell-cell interaction. Recent studies have uncovered that specific sphingolipids are involved in ER stress. This review summarizes the roles of sphingolipids in ER stress and human diseases in the context of pathogenic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jae Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Joo-Won Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
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13
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Naser E, Kadow S, Schumacher F, Mohamed ZH, Kappe C, Hessler G, Pollmeier B, Kleuser B, Arenz C, Becker KA, Gulbins E, Carpinteiro A. Characterization of the small molecule ARC39, a direct and specific inhibitor of acid sphingomyelinase in vitro. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:896-910. [PMID: 32156719 PMCID: PMC7269768 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra120000682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), a lysosomal enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin into ceramide and phosphorylcholine, may serve as an investigational tool or a therapeutic intervention to control many diseases. Specific ASM inhibitors are currently not sufficiently characterized. Here, we found that 1-aminodecylidene bis-phosphonic acid (ARC39) specifically and efficiently (>90%) inhibits both lysosomal and secretory ASM in vitro. Results from investigating sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1 (SMPD1/Smpd1) mRNA and ASM protein levels suggested that ARC39 directly inhibits ASM's catalytic activity in cultured cells, a mechanism that differs from that of functional inhibitors of ASM. We further provide evidence that ARC39 dose- and time-dependently inhibits lysosomal ASM in intact cells, and we show that ARC39 also reduces platelet- and ASM-promoted adhesion of tumor cells. The observed toxicity of ARC39 is low at concentrations relevant for ASM inhibition in vitro, and it does not strongly alter the lysosomal compartment or induce phospholipidosis in vitro. When applied intraperitoneally in vivo, even subtoxic high doses administered short-term induced sphingomyelin accumulation only locally in the peritoneal lavage without significant accumulation in plasma, liver, spleen, or brain. These findings require further investigation with other possible chemical modifications. In conclusion, our results indicate that ARC39 potently and selectively inhibits ASM in vitro and highlight the need for developing compounds that can reach tissue concentrations sufficient for ASM inhibition in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyad Naser
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Stephanie Kadow
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; Department of Toxicology, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Zainelabdeen H Mohamed
- Institute of Chemistry, Humboldt University of Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany; Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Christian Kappe
- Institute of Chemistry, Humboldt University of Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriele Hessler
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Barbara Pollmeier
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Christoph Arenz
- Institute of Chemistry, Humboldt University of Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Anne Becker
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | - Alexander Carpinteiro
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; Department of Hematology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany. mailto:
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14
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Yang K, Yu J, Nong K, Wang Y, Niu A, Chen W, Dong J, Wang J. Discovery of Potent, Selective, and Direct Acid Sphingomyelinase Inhibitors with Antidepressant Activity. J Med Chem 2020; 63:961-974. [PMID: 31944697 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies on sphingolipids suggest that acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), which plays a central role in the pathogenesis of major depression, is emerging to be a novel target for developing antidepressants. Herein we first described the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of hydroxamic acid-based direct inhibitors of ASM with the effort of validating their antidepressant effects in vivo. As a result, a series of novel ASM inhibitors were developed using a structure-based approach. Our studies demonstrated that the administration of 21b improved depression-like behaviors of rats. Importantly, this positive result was relevant to the inhibition of ASM and the increasing neurogenesis in hippocampus. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that direct inhibitors of ASM were developed to support the possibility of ASM as a potential therapeutic target for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , China
| | - Jinying Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Keyi Nong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Youzhi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Ao Niu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Wenlu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Jibin Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Jinxin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
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15
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Abstract
Sphingosine, ceramide, sphingosine-1-phosphate, and other related sphingolipids have emerged as important bioactive molecules involved in a variety of key cellular processes such as cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, exosome release, and inter- and intracellular cell communication, making the pathways of sphingolipid metabolism a key domain in maintaining cell homeostasis (Hannun and Obeid, Trends Biochem Sci 20:73-77, 1995; Hannun and Obeid, Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 9:139-150, 2008; Kosaka et al., J Biol Chem 288:10849-10859, 2013). Various studies have determined that these pathways play a central role in regulating intracellular production of ceramide and the other bioactive sphingolipids and hence are an important component of signaling in various diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases (Chaube et al., Biochim Biophys Acta 1821:313-323, 2012; Clarke et al., Adv Enzyme Regul 51:51-58, 2011b; Horres and Hannun, Neurochem Res 37:1137-1149, 2012). In this chapter, we discuss one of the major enzyme classes in producing ceramide, sphingomyelinases (SMases), from a biochemical and structural perspective with an emphasis on their applicability as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajna Shanbhogue
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
- Stony Brook University Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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16
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Beckmann N, Becker KA, Kadow S, Schumacher F, Kramer M, Kühn C, Schulz-Schaeffer WJ, Edwards MJ, Kleuser B, Gulbins E, Carpinteiro A. Acid Sphingomyelinase Deficiency Ameliorates Farber Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246253. [PMID: 31835809 PMCID: PMC6941101 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Farber disease is a rare lysosomal storage disorder resulting from acid ceramidase deficiency and subsequent ceramide accumulation. No treatments for Farber disease are clinically available, and affected patients have a severely shortened lifespan. We have recently reported a novel acid ceramidase deficiency model that mirrors the human disease closely. Acid sphingomyelinase is the enzyme that generates ceramide upstream of acid ceramidase in the lysosomes. Using our acid ceramidase deficiency model, we tested if acid sphingomyelinase could be a potential novel therapeutic target for the treatment of Farber disease. A number of functional acid sphingomyelinase inhibitors are clinically available and have been used for decades to treat major depression. Using these as a therapeutic for Farber disease, thus, has the potential to improve central nervous symptoms of the disease as well, something all other treatment options for Farber disease can’t achieve so far. As a proof-of-concept study, we first cross-bred acid ceramidase deficient mice with acid sphingomyelinase deficient mice in order to prevent ceramide accumulation. Double-deficient mice had reduced ceramide accumulation, fewer disease manifestations, and prolonged survival. We next targeted acid sphingomyelinase pharmacologically, to test if these findings would translate to a setting with clinical applicability. Surprisingly, the treatment of acid ceramidase deficient mice with the acid sphingomyelinase inhibitor amitriptyline was toxic to acid ceramidase deficient mice and killed them within a few days of treatment. In conclusion, our study provides the first proof-of-concept that acid sphingomyelinase could be a potential new therapeutic target for Farber disease to reduce disease manifestations and prolong survival. However, we also identified previously unknown toxicity of the functional acid sphingomyelinase inhibitor amitriptyline in the context of Farber disease, strongly cautioning against the use of this substance class for Farber disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Beckmann
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (N.B.); (K.A.B.); (S.K.); (F.S.); (M.K.); (C.K.); (E.G.)
| | - Katrin Anne Becker
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (N.B.); (K.A.B.); (S.K.); (F.S.); (M.K.); (C.K.); (E.G.)
| | - Stephanie Kadow
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (N.B.); (K.A.B.); (S.K.); (F.S.); (M.K.); (C.K.); (E.G.)
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (N.B.); (K.A.B.); (S.K.); (F.S.); (M.K.); (C.K.); (E.G.)
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany;
| | - Melanie Kramer
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (N.B.); (K.A.B.); (S.K.); (F.S.); (M.K.); (C.K.); (E.G.)
| | - Claudine Kühn
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (N.B.); (K.A.B.); (S.K.); (F.S.); (M.K.); (C.K.); (E.G.)
| | | | - Michael J. Edwards
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML 0558, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany;
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (N.B.); (K.A.B.); (S.K.); (F.S.); (M.K.); (C.K.); (E.G.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML 0558, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
| | - Alexander Carpinteiro
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (N.B.); (K.A.B.); (S.K.); (F.S.); (M.K.); (C.K.); (E.G.)
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-201-723-84579; Fax: +49-201-723-5974
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17
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Hollmann C, Wiese T, Dennstädt F, Fink J, Schneider-Schaulies J, Beyersdorf N. Translational Approaches Targeting Ceramide Generation From Sphingomyelin in T Cells to Modulate Immunity in Humans. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2363. [PMID: 31681273 PMCID: PMC6798155 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In T cells, as in all other cells of the body, sphingolipids form important structural components of membranes. Due to metabolic modifications, sphingolipids additionally play an active part in the signaling of cell surface receptors of T cells like the T cell receptor or the co-stimulatory molecule CD28. Moreover, the sphingolipid composition of their membranes crucially affects the integrity and function of subcellular compartments such as the lysosome. Previously, studying sphingolipid metabolism has been severely hampered by the limited number of analytical methods/model systems available. Besides well-established high resolution mass spectrometry new tools are now available like novel minimally modified sphingolipid subspecies for click chemistry as well as recently generated mouse mutants with deficiencies/overexpression of sphingolipid-modifying enzymes. Making use of these tools we and others discovered that the sphingolipid sphingomyelin is metabolized to ceramide to different degrees in distinct T cell subpopulations of mice and humans. This knowledge has already been translated into novel immunomodulatory approaches in mice and will in the future hopefully also be applicable to humans. In this paper we are, thus, summarizing the most recent findings on the impact of sphingolipid metabolism on T cell activation, differentiation, and effector functions. Moreover, we are discussing the therapeutic concepts arising from these insights and drugs or drug candidates which are already in clinical use or could be developed for clinical use in patients with diseases as distant as major depression and chronic viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Hollmann
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Teresa Wiese
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Fabio Dennstädt
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julian Fink
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Niklas Beyersdorf
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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18
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Zeitler S, Ye L, Andreyeva A, Schumacher F, Monti J, Nürnberg B, Nowak G, Kleuser B, Reichel M, Fejtová A, Kornhuber J, Rhein C, Friedland K. Acid sphingomyelinase - a regulator of canonical transient receptor potential channel 6 (TRPC6) activity. J Neurochem 2019; 150:678-690. [PMID: 31310676 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent investigations propose the acid sphingomyelinase (ASM)/ceramide system as a novel target for antidepressant action. ASM catalyzes the breakdown of the abundant membrane lipid sphingomyelin to the lipid messenger ceramide. This ASM-induced lipid modification induces a local shift in membrane properties, which influences receptor clustering and downstream signaling. Canonical transient receptor potential channels 6 (TRPC6) are non-selective cation channels located in the cell membrane that play an important role in dendritic growth, synaptic plasticity and cognition in the brain. They can be activated by hyperforin, an ingredient of the herbal remedy St. John's wort for treatment of depression disorders. Because of their role in the context of major depression, we investigated the crosstalk between the ASM/ceramide system and TRPC6 ion channels in a pheochromocytoma cell line 12 neuronal cell model (PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cell line). Ca2+ imaging experiments indicated that hyperforin-induced Ca2+ influx through TRPC6 channels is modulated by ASM activity. While antidepressants, known as functional inhibitors of ASM activity, reduced TRPC6-mediated Ca2+ influx, extracellular application of bacterial sphingomyelinase rebalanced TRPC6 activity in a concentration-related way. This effect was confirmed in whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology recordings. Lipidomic analyses revealed a decrease in very long chain ceramide/sphingomyelin molar ratio after ASM inhibition, which was connected with changes in the abundance of TRPC6 channels in flotillin-1-positive lipid rafts as visualized by western blotting. Our data provide evidence that the ASM/ceramide system regulates TRPC6 channels likely by controlling their recruitment to specific lipid subdomains and thereby fine-tuning their physical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Zeitler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lian Ye
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aksana Andreyeva
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany.,Department of Molecular Biology, University Clinic, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Juliana Monti
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bernd Nürnberg
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Eberhard Karls University Hospitals and Clinics and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomics and Drug Research (ICePhA), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gabriel Nowak
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.,Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Martin Reichel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anna Fejtová
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Cosima Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kristina Friedland
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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19
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Romanenko VD. α-Heteroatom-substituted gem-Bisphosphonates: Advances in the Synthesis and Prospects for Biomedical Application. CURR ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272823666190401141844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Functionalized gem-bisphosphonic acid derivatives being pyrophosphate isosteres are of great synthetic and biological interest since they are currently the most important class of drugs developed for the treatment of diseases associated with the disorder of calcium metabolism, including osteoporosis, Paget’s disease, and hypercalcemia. In this article, we will try to give an in-depth overview of the methods for obtaining α- heteroatom-substituted methylenebisphosphonates and acquaint the reader with the synthetic strategies that are used to develop biologically important compounds of this type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim D. Romanenko
- V. P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 1-Murmanska Street, Kyiv-94, 02660, Ukraine
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20
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Novgorodov SA, Voltin JR, Wang W, Tomlinson S, Riley CL, Gudz TI. Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency protects mitochondria and improves function recovery after brain injury. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:609-623. [PMID: 30662008 PMCID: PMC6399498 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m091132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide and a prominent risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. The expansion of nervous tissue damage after the initial trauma involves a multifactorial cascade of events, including excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and deregulation of sphingolipid metabolism that further mitochondrial dysfunction and secondary brain damage. Here, we show that a posttranscriptional activation of an acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), a key enzyme of the sphingolipid recycling pathway, resulted in a selective increase of sphingosine in mitochondria during the first week post-TBI that was accompanied by reduced activity of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase and activation of the Nod-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome. TBI-induced mitochondrial abnormalities were rescued in the brains of ASM KO mice, which demonstrated improved behavioral deficit recovery compared with WT mice. Furthermore, an elevated autophagy in an ASM-deficient brain at the baseline and during the development of secondary brain injury seems to foster the preservation of mitochondria and brain function after TBI. Of note, ASM deficiency attenuated the early stages of reactive astrogliosis progression in an injured brain. These findings highlight the crucial role of ASM in governing mitochondrial dysfunction and brain-function impairment, emphasizing the importance of sphingolipids in the neuroinflammatory response to TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei A Novgorodov
- Departments of Neuroscience Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Joshua R Voltin
- Departments of Neuroscience Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Wenxue Wang
- Microbiology and Immunology Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Stephen Tomlinson
- Microbiology and Immunology Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | | | - Tatyana I Gudz
- Departments of Neuroscience Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center Charleston, SC 29401
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21
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Voinea C, Gonzalez Rodriguez E, Beigelman-Aubry C, Leroy V, Aubry-Rozier B, Campos-Xavier B, Ballhausen D, Lazor R, Barbey F, Bonafé L, Superti-Furga A, Tran C. Hepatosplenomegaly, pneumopathy, bone changes and fronto-temporal dementia: Niemann-Pick type B and SQSTM1-associated Paget's disease in the same individual. J Bone Miner Metab 2019; 37:378-383. [PMID: 29948344 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-018-0932-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Data from exome sequencing show that a proportion of individuals in whom a genetic disorder is suspected turn out to have not one, but two to four distinct ones. This may require an evolution in our diagnostic attitude towards individuals with complex disorders. We report a patient with splenomegaly, pneumopathy, bone changes and fronto-temporal dementia (FTD). "Sea-blue histiocytes" in his bone marrow pointed to a lysosomal storage disease. Homozygosity for a pathogenic mutation in the SMPD1 gene confirmed Niemann-Pick disease type B (NPD-B). Mild cognitive impairment and abnormal brain FDG PET were consistent with FTD. We initially tried to fit the skeletal and neurologic phenotype into the NPD-B diagnosis. However, additional studies revealed a pathogenic mutation in the SQSTM1 gene. Thus, our patient had two distinct diseases; NPD-B, and Paget's disease of bone with FTD. The subsequent finding of a mutation in SQSTM1 gene ended our struggle to explain the combination of findings by a singular "unifying" diagnosis and allowed us to make specific therapeutic decisions. SQSTM1 mutations have been reported in association with FTD, possibly because of defective autophagy. Bisphosphonates may be beneficial for PDB, but since they are known to inhibit acid sphingomyelinase activity, we refrained from using them in this patient. While the principle of looking for unifying diagnosis remains valid, physicians should consider the possibility of co-existing multiple diagnoses when clinical features are difficult to explain by a single one. Accurate diagnostic work-up can guide genetic counseling but also lead to better medical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Voinea
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elena Gonzalez Rodriguez
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Internal Medicine Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Beigelman-Aubry
- Department of Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Victor Leroy
- Leenaards Memory Centre, Clinical Neuroscience Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bérengère Aubry-Rozier
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Internal Medicine Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Belinda Campos-Xavier
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Center for Molecular Diseases, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Diana Ballhausen
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Center for Molecular Diseases, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Romain Lazor
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Barbey
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Center for Molecular Diseases, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luisa Bonafé
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Center for Molecular Diseases, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Superti-Furga
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Center for Molecular Diseases, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christel Tran
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Center for Molecular Diseases, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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22
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Bortolamiol E, Chiminazzo A, Sperni L, Borsato G, Fabris F, Scarso A. Functional bisphosphonate synthesis for the development of new anti-resorption bone drug candidates. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02504a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Widening the bisphosphonate toolbox: new bisphosphonate scaffolds enable new functionalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Bortolamiol
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi
- Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia
- Mestre
- Italy
| | - Andrea Chiminazzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi
- Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia
- Mestre
- Italy
| | - Laura Sperni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi
- Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia
- Mestre
- Italy
| | - Giuseppe Borsato
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi
- Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia
- Mestre
- Italy
| | - Fabrizio Fabris
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi
- Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia
- Mestre
- Italy
| | - Alessandro Scarso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi
- Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia
- Mestre
- Italy
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Mohamed ZH, Rhein C, Saied EM, Kornhuber J, Arenz C. FRET probes for measuring sphingolipid metabolizing enzyme activity. Chem Phys Lipids 2018; 216:152-161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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24
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Yang K, Nong K, Gu Q, Dong J, Wang J. Discovery of N-hydroxy-3-alkoxybenzamides as direct acid sphingomyelinase inhibitors using a ligand-based pharmacophore model. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 151:389-400. [PMID: 29649738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) has been shown to be involved in many physiological processes, emerging to be a promising drug target. In this study, we constructed a ligand-based pharmacophore model of ASM inhibitors and applied this model to optimize the lead compound α-mangostin, a known inhibitor of ASM. 23 compounds were designed and evaluated in vitro for ASM inhibition, of these, 10 compounds were found to be more potent than α-mangostin. This high hit ratio confirmed that the presented model is very effective and practical. The most potent hit, 1c, was found to selectively and competitively inhibit the enzyme and inhibit the generation of ceramide in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, 1c showed favorable anti-apoptosis and anti-inflammatory activity. Interactions with key residues and the Zn2+ cofactor of 1c were found by docking simulation. These results provide promising leads and important guidance for further development of efficient ASM inhibitors and drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Keyi Nong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qinlan Gu
- Senior Vocational School, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jibin Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jinxin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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25
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Chen WH, Vázquez-González M, Kozell A, Cecconello A, Willner I. Cu 2+ -Modified Metal-Organic Framework Nanoparticles: A Peroxidase-Mimicking Nanoenzyme. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:1703149. [PMID: 29205812 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201703149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of UiO-type metal-organic framework nanoparticles (NMOFs) composed of Zr4+ ions bridged by 2,2'-bipyridine-5,5'-dicarboxylic acid ligands and the postmodification of the NMOFs with Cu2+ ions are described. The resulting Cu2+ -modified NMOFs, Cu2+ -NMOFs, exhibit peroxidase-like catalytic activities reflected by the catalyzed oxidation of Amplex-Red to the fluorescent Resorufin by H2 O2 , the catalyzed oxidation of dopamine to aminochrome by H2 O2 , and the catalyzed generation of chemiluminescence in the presence of luminol/H2 O2 . Also, the Cu2+ -NMOFs mimic NADH peroxidase functions and catalyze the oxidation of dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NADH, to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD+ , in the presence of H2 O2 . The Cu2+ -NMOFs-catalyzed generation of chemiluminescence in the presence of luminol/H2 O2 is used to develop a glucose sensor by monitoring the H2 O2 formed by the aerobic oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid in the presence of glucose oxidase. Furthermore, loading the Cu2+ -NMOFs with fluorescein and activating the catalyzed generation of chemiluminescence in the presence of luminol/H2 O2 yield an efficient chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (CRET) process to the fluorescein reflected by the activation of the fluorescence of the dye (λ = 520 nm, CRET efficiency 35%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hai Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Margarita Vázquez-González
- Institute of Chemistry, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Anna Kozell
- Institute of Chemistry, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Alessandro Cecconello
- Institute of Chemistry, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Itamar Willner
- Institute of Chemistry, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
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26
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Novgorodov SA, Voltin JR, Gooz MA, Li L, Lemasters JJ, Gudz TI. Acid sphingomyelinase promotes mitochondrial dysfunction due to glutamate-induced regulated necrosis. J Lipid Res 2017; 59:312-329. [PMID: 29282302 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m080374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibiting the glutamate/cystine antiporter system xc-, a key antioxidant defense machinery in the CNS, could trigger a novel form of regulated necrotic cell death, ferroptosis. The underlying mechanisms of system xc--dependent cell demise were elucidated using primary oligodendrocytes (OLs) treated with glutamate to block system xc- function. Pharmacological analysis revealed ferroptosis as a major contributing factor to glutamate-initiated OL death. A sphingolipid profile showed elevations of ceramide species and sphingosine that were preventable by inhibiting of an acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) activity. OL survival was enhanced by both downregulating ASM expression and blocking ASM activity. Glutamate-induced ASM activation seems to involve posttranscriptional mechanisms and was associated with a decreased GSH level. Further investigation of the mechanisms of OL response to glutamate revealed enhanced reactive oxygen species production, augmented lipid peroxidation, and opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore that were attenuated by hindering ASM. Of note, knocking down sirtuin 3, a deacetylase governing the mitochondrial antioxidant system, reduced OL survival. The data highlight the importance of the mitochondrial compartment in regulated necrotic cell death and accentuate the novel role of ASM in disturbing mitochondrial functions during OL response to glutamate toxicity, which is essential for pathobiology in stroke and traumatic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei A Novgorodov
- Departments of Neuroscience Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Joshua R Voltin
- Departments of Neuroscience Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Monika A Gooz
- Departments of Drug Discovery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Li Li
- Departments of Drug Discovery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - John J Lemasters
- Departments of Drug Discovery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Tatyana I Gudz
- Departments of Neuroscience Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 .,Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401
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27
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Sevrain CM, Berchel M, Couthon H, Jaffrès PA. Phosphonic acid: preparation and applications. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:2186-2213. [PMID: 29114326 PMCID: PMC5669239 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The phosphonic acid functional group, which is characterized by a phosphorus atom bonded to three oxygen atoms (two hydroxy groups and one P=O double bond) and one carbon atom, is employed for many applications due to its structural analogy with the phosphate moiety or to its coordination or supramolecular properties. Phosphonic acids were used for their bioactive properties (drug, pro-drug), for bone targeting, for the design of supramolecular or hybrid materials, for the functionalization of surfaces, for analytical purposes, for medical imaging or as phosphoantigen. These applications are covering a large panel of research fields including chemistry, biology and physics thus making the synthesis of phosphonic acids a determinant question for numerous research projects. This review gives, first, an overview of the different fields of application of phosphonic acids that are illustrated with studies mainly selected over the last 20 years. Further, this review reports the different methods that can be used for the synthesis of phosphonic acids from dialkyl or diaryl phosphonate, from dichlorophosphine or dichlorophosphine oxide, from phosphonodiamide, or by oxidation of phosphinic acid. Direct methods that make use of phosphorous acid (H3PO3) and that produce a phosphonic acid functional group simultaneously to the formation of the P-C bond, are also surveyed. Among all these methods, the dealkylation of dialkyl phosphonates under either acidic conditions (HCl) or using the McKenna procedure (a two-step reaction that makes use of bromotrimethylsilane followed by methanolysis) constitute the best methods to prepare phosphonic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte M Sevrain
- CEMCA UMR CNRS 6521, Université de Brest, IBSAM. 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Mathieu Berchel
- CEMCA UMR CNRS 6521, Université de Brest, IBSAM. 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Hélène Couthon
- CEMCA UMR CNRS 6521, Université de Brest, IBSAM. 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Paul-Alain Jaffrès
- CEMCA UMR CNRS 6521, Université de Brest, IBSAM. 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
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28
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Synthesis and evaluation of xanthone derivatives as acid sphingomyelinase inhibitors: potential treatment for UV-induced skin damage. Future Med Chem 2017; 9:1887-1898. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: ASM, which hydrolyzes sphingomyelin into ceramide, is recognized as a therapeutic target for UV-induced skin damage. Direct inhibitors for this enzyme are rare. Here we synthesized several series of 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxy-xanthone derivatives as novel ASM inhibitors. Results: Several compounds were more potent than the lead compound, among which 5b was found competitively inhibiting the enzyme and dose-dependently reducing ceramide generation. Furthermore, 5b and 5c showed excellent protective effect to skin keratinocytes against UV. Quantitative structure–activity relationship investigation revealed detail relationships between molecular structure and biological activity. Insight into the binding mode was precisely illuminated by molecule docking. Conclusion: This work would provide fresh ideas and strong supports for further development of ASM inhibitors and drug candidates for skin damage.
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29
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Chiminazzo A, Damuzzo M, Sperni L, Strukul G, Scarso A. Nitrile Containing Bisphosphonates: Easy Synthesis through Metal Catalyzed Michael
Addition. Helv Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201700104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Chiminazzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi; Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia; via Torino 155/B IT-30172 Mestre (Ve)
| | - Martina Damuzzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi; Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia; via Torino 155/B IT-30172 Mestre (Ve)
| | - Laura Sperni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi; Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia; via Torino 155/B IT-30172 Mestre (Ve)
| | - Giorgio Strukul
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi; Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia; via Torino 155/B IT-30172 Mestre (Ve)
| | - Alessandro Scarso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi; Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia; via Torino 155/B IT-30172 Mestre (Ve)
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30
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Bykhovskaya OV, Aladzheva IM, Brel VK. N-Allyl-substituted aminomethylene-1,1-bisphosphonates in 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction with aromatic nitrile N-oxides. Russ Chem Bull 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-017-1881-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Babenko NA, Storozhenko GV. Role of ceramide in the aging-related decrease of cardiolipin content in the rat heart. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s207905701703002x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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32
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Sengupta N, Reardon DC, Gerard PD, Baldwin WS. Exchange of polar lipids from adults to neonates in Daphnia magna: Perturbations in sphingomyelin allocation by dietary lipids and environmental toxicants. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178131. [PMID: 28542405 PMCID: PMC5443554 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Because xenosensing nuclear receptors are also lipid sensors that regulate lipid allocation, we hypothesized that toxicant-induced modulation of HR96 activity would alter lipid profiles and the balance between adult survival and neonate production following exposure in Daphnia magna. Adult daphnids were exposed to unsaturated fatty acid- and toxicant- activators or inhibitors of HR96 and later starved to test whether chemical exposure altered allocation toward survival or reproduction. The HR96 activators, linoleic acid and atrazine, decreased reproduction as expected with concomitant changes in the expression of HR96 regulated genes such as magro. The HR96 inhibitors, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and triclosan, increased reproduction or neonate starvation survival, respectively. However, pre-exposure to triclosan increased in neonate survival at the expense of reproductive maturation. Lipidomic analysis revealed that sphingomyelins (SM) are predominantly found in neonates and therefore we propose are important in development. DHA and triclosan increased neonatal SM, consistent with HR96’s regulation of Niemann-Pick genes. While DHA altered expression of magro, Niemann-Pick 1b, mannosidase, and other HR96-regulated genes as expected, triclosan primarily perturbed sphingomyelinase and mannosidase expression indicating different but potentially overlapping mechanisms for perturbing SM. Overall, SM appears to be a key lipid in Daphnia maturation and further support was provided by carmofur, which inhibits sphingomyelin/ceramide metabolism and in turn severely represses Daphnia maturation and initial brood production. In conclusion, toxicants can perturb lipid allocation and in turn impair development and reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Sengupta
- Environmental Toxicology Program, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States of America
| | - Delaney C. Reardon
- Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States of America
| | - Patrick D. Gerard
- Mathematical Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States of America
| | - William S. Baldwin
- Environmental Toxicology Program, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States of America
- Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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33
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McVey MJ, Kim M, Tabuchi A, Srbely V, Japtok L, Arenz C, Rotstein O, Kleuser B, Semple JW, Kuebler WM. Acid sphingomyelinase mediates murine acute lung injury following transfusion of aged platelets. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 312:L625-L637. [DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00317.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary complications from stored blood products are the leading cause of mortality related to transfusion. Transfusion-related acute lung injury is mediated by antibodies or bioactive mediators, yet underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Sphingolipids such as ceramide regulate lung injury, and their composition changes as a function of time in stored blood. Here, we tested the hypothesis that aged platelets may induce lung injury via a sphingolipid-mediated mechanism. To assess this hypothesis, a two-hit mouse model was devised. Recipient mice were treated with 2 mg/kg intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (priming) 2 h before transfusion of 10 ml/kg stored (1–5 days) platelets treated with or without addition of acid sphingomyelinase inhibitor ARC39 or platelets from acid sphingomyelinase-deficient mice, which both reduce ceramide formation. Transfused mice were examined for signs of pulmonary neutrophil accumulation, endothelial barrier dysfunction, and histological evidence of lung injury. Sphingolipid profiles in stored platelets were analyzed by mass spectrophotometry. Transfusion of aged platelets into primed mice induced characteristic features of lung injury, which increased in severity as a function of storage time. Ceramide accumulated in platelets during storage, but this was attenuated by ARC39 or in acid sphingomyelinase-deficient platelets. Compared with wild-type platelets, transfusion of ARC39-treated or acid sphingomyelinase-deficient aged platelets alleviated lung injury. Aged platelets elicit lung injury in primed recipient mice, which can be alleviated by pharmacological inhibition or genetic deletion of acid sphingomyelinase. Interventions targeting sphingolipid formation represent a promising strategy to increase the safety and longevity of stored blood products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J. McVey
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Anesthesia and Physiology, University of Toronto, and Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Sickkids Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Kim
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arata Tabuchi
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Victoria Srbely
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lukasz Japtok
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christoph Arenz
- Institute for Chemistry, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ori Rotstein
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgery University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - John W. Semple
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Pharmacology, Medicine, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wolfgang M. Kuebler
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgery University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Univcersitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; and
- German Heart Institute, Berlin, Germany
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34
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De Luca L, Chiminazzo A, Sperni L, Strukul G, Scarso A. Stereoselective Synthesis of Chiral Isatin Containing Bisphosphonates as Potential Anti-Resorption Bone Drugs. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena De Luca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi; Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia; via Torino 155 30172 Mestre (Ve) Italy
| | - Andrea Chiminazzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi; Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia; via Torino 155 30172 Mestre (Ve) Italy
| | - Laura Sperni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi; Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia; via Torino 155 30172 Mestre (Ve) Italy
| | - Giorgio Strukul
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi; Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia; via Torino 155 30172 Mestre (Ve) Italy
| | - Alessandro Scarso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi; Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia; via Torino 155 30172 Mestre (Ve) Italy
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35
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De Luca L, Chiminazzo A, Sperni L, Strukul G, Scarso A. Pyrrolidine-Containing Bisphosphonates as Potential Anti-Resorption Bone Drugs. Chemistry 2017; 23:3474-3478. [PMID: 28181705 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates, particularly those with N-substituted groups, are currently the most popular drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis. However, their chemical structures are still rather simple and new synthetic methods are needed to expand their molecular complexity and also improve their specificity of action towards other targets as anticancer, antibacterial, and antimalarial drugs. Herein, we report a new class of potential antiresorption bisphosphonate drugs that have a pyrrolidine unit with different substituents, obtained through a simple dipolar cycloaddition reaction between azomethine ylides and vinylidenebisphosphonate derivatives as precursors. The methodology led to the efficient preparation of a wide range of (1-methylpyrrolidine-3,3-diyl)bis(phosphonic esters) derivatives with different substituents in position 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena De Luca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, via Torino 155, 30170, Venezia Mestre, Italy
| | - Andrea Chiminazzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, via Torino 155, 30170, Venezia Mestre, Italy
| | - Laura Sperni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, via Torino 155, 30170, Venezia Mestre, Italy
| | - Giorgio Strukul
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, via Torino 155, 30170, Venezia Mestre, Italy
| | - Alessandro Scarso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, via Torino 155, 30170, Venezia Mestre, Italy
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Pinkert T, Furkert D, Korte T, Herrmann A, Arenz C. Amplification of a FRET Probe by Lipid-Water Partition for the Detection of Acid Sphingomyelinase in Live Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:2790-2794. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Pinkert
- Institute of Chemistry; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - David Furkert
- Institute of Chemistry; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Thomas Korte
- Institute for Biology and IRI Lifesciences; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Invalidenstrasse 42 10115 Berlin Germany
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Institute for Biology and IRI Lifesciences; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Invalidenstrasse 42 10115 Berlin Germany
| | - Christoph Arenz
- Institute of Chemistry; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2 12489 Berlin Germany
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Pinkert T, Furkert D, Korte T, Herrmann A, Arenz C. Eine durch Lipid-Wasser-Trennung verstärkte FRET-Sonde zur Detektion der Sauren Sphingomyelinase in lebenden Zellen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Pinkert
- Institut für Chemie; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Straße 2 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - David Furkert
- Institut für Chemie; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Straße 2 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Thomas Korte
- Institut für Biologie und IRI für Lebenswissenschaften; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Invalidenstraße 42 10115 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Institut für Biologie und IRI für Lebenswissenschaften; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Invalidenstraße 42 10115 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Christoph Arenz
- Institut für Chemie; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Straße 2 12489 Berlin Deutschland
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Antiparasitic Activity of Sulfur- and Fluorine-Containing Bisphosphonates against Trypanosomatids and Apicomplexan Parasites. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22010082. [PMID: 28054995 PMCID: PMC6155738 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on crystallographic data of the complexes 2-alkyl(amino)ethyl-1,1-bisphosphonates-Trypanosoma cruzi farnesyl diphosphate synthase, some linear 1,1-bisphosphonic acids and other closely related derivatives were designed, synthesized and biologically evaluated against T. cruzi, the responsible agent of Chagas disease and against Toxoplasma gondii, the etiologic agent of toxoplasmosis and also towards the target enzymes farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase of T. cruzi (TcFPPS) and T gondii (TgFPPS), respectively. The isoprenoid-containing 1,1-bisphosphonates exhibited modest antiparasitic activity, whereas the linear α-fluoro-2-alkyl(amino)ethyl-1,1-bisphosphonates were unexpectedly devoid of antiparasitic activity. In spite of not presenting efficient antiparasitic activity, these data turned out to be very important to establish a structural activity relationship.
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Chmielewska E, Kafarski P. Synthetic Procedures Leading towards Aminobisphosphonates. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21111474. [PMID: 27827924 PMCID: PMC6273145 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing interest in the biological activity of aminobisphosphonates has stimulated the development of methods for their synthesis. Although several general procedures were previously elaborated to reach this goal, aminobisphosphonate chemistry is still developing quite substantially. Thus, innovative modifications of the existing commonly used reactions, as well as development of new procedures, are presented in this review, concentrating on recent achievements. Additionally, selected examples of aminobisphosphonate derivatization illustrate their usefulness for obtaining new diagnostic and therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Chmielewska
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław 50-370, Poland.
| | - Paweł Kafarski
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław 50-370, Poland.
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Gorelik A, Illes K, Heinz LX, Superti-Furga G, Nagar B. Crystal structure of mammalian acid sphingomyelinase. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12196. [PMID: 27435900 PMCID: PMC4961792 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase, ASM, SMPD1) converts sphingomyelin into ceramide, modulating membrane properties and signal transduction. Inactivating mutations in ASMase cause Niemann-Pick disease, and its inhibition is also beneficial in models of depression and cancer. To gain a better understanding of this critical therapeutic target, we determined crystal structures of mammalian ASMase in various conformations. The catalytic domain adopts a calcineurin-like fold with two zinc ions and a hydrophobic track leading to the active site. Strikingly, the membrane interacting saposin domain assumes either a closed globular conformation independent from the catalytic domain, or an open conformation, which establishes an interface with the catalytic domain essential for activity. Structural mapping of Niemann-Pick mutations reveals that most of them likely destabilize the protein's fold. This study sheds light on the molecular mechanism of ASMase function, and provides a platform for the rational development of ASMase inhibitors and therapeutic use of recombinant ASMase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Gorelik
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 0B1,Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 0B1
| | - Katalin Illes
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 0B1,Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 0B1
| | - Leonhard X. Heinz
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria,Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Giulio Superti-Furga
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria,Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bhushan Nagar
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 0B1,Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 0B1,
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Studies of the Effectiveness of Bisphosphonate and Vanadium-Bisphosphonate Compounds In Vitro against Axenic Leishmania tarentolae. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:9025627. [PMID: 27034744 PMCID: PMC4789522 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9025627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a disease that is a significant problem for people, especially in tropical regions of the world. Current drug therapies to treat the disease are expensive, not very effective, and/or of significant side effects. A series of alkyl bisphosphonate compounds and one amino bisphosphonate compound, as well as alendronate and zoledronate, were tested as potential agents against Leishmania tarentolae. Also, two polyoxometalates (POMs) with nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate ligands, vanadium/alendronate (V5(Ale)2) and vanadium/zoledronate (V3(Zol)3), were tested against L. tarentolae and compared to the results of the alendronate and zoledronate ligands alone. Of the compounds evaluated in this study, the V5(Ale)2 and V3(Zol)3 complexes were most effective in inhibiting the growth of L. tarentolae. The V5(Ale)2 complex had a larger impact on cell growth than either alendronate or orthovanadate alone, whereas zoledronate itself has a significant effect on cell growth, which may contribute to the activity of the V3(Zol)3 complex.
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Kornhuber J, Rhein C, Müller CP, Mühle C. Secretory sphingomyelinase in health and disease. Biol Chem 2016; 396:707-36. [PMID: 25803076 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2015-0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), a key enzyme in sphingolipid metabolism, hydrolyzes sphingomyelin to ceramide and phosphorylcholine. In mammals, the expression of a single gene, SMPD1, results in two forms of the enzyme that differ in several characteristics. Lysosomal ASM (L-ASM) is located within the lysosome, requires no additional Zn2+ ions for activation and is glycosylated mainly with high-mannose oligosaccharides. By contrast, the secretory ASM (S-ASM) is located extracellularly, requires Zn2+ ions for activation, has a complex glycosylation pattern and has a longer in vivo half-life. In this review, we summarize current knowledge regarding the physiology and pathophysiology of S-ASM, including its sources and distribution, molecular and cellular mechanisms of generation and regulation and relevant in vitro and in vivo studies. Polymorphisms or mutations of SMPD1 lead to decreased S-ASM activity, as detected in patients with Niemann-Pick disease B. Thus, lower serum/plasma activities of S-ASM are trait markers. No genetic causes of increased S-ASM activity have been identified. Instead, elevated activity is the result of enhanced release (e.g., induced by lipopolysaccharide and cytokine stimulation) or increased enzyme activation (e.g., induced by oxidative stress). Increased S-ASM activity in serum or plasma is a state marker of a wide range of diseases. In particular, high S-ASM activity occurs in inflammation of the endothelium and liver. Several studies have demonstrated a correlation between S-ASM activity and mortality induced by severe inflammatory diseases. Serial measurements of S-ASM reveal prolonged activation and, therefore, the measurement of this enzyme may also provide information on past inflammatory processes. Thus, S-ASM may be both a promising clinical chemistry marker and a therapeutic target.
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Solid-Liquid Phase C-Alkylation of Active Methylene Containing Compounds under Microwave Conditions. Catalysts 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/catal5020634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Advanced material and approach for metal ions removal from aqueous solutions. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8992. [PMID: 25758924 PMCID: PMC4355739 DOI: 10.1038/srep08992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A Novel approach to remove metals from aqueous solutions has been developed. The method is based on a resin free, solid, non-toxic, microcrystalline bisphosphonate material, which has very low solubility in water (59 mg/l to ion free Milli-Q water and 13 mg/l to 3.5% NaCl solution). The material has been produced almost quantitatively on a 1 kg scale (it has been prepared also on a pilot scale, ca. 7 kg) and tested successfully for its ability to collect metal cations from different sources, such as ground water and mining process waters. Not only was this material highly efficient at collecting several metal ions out of solution it also proved to be regenerable and reusable over a number of adsorption/desorption, which is crucial for environmental friendliness. This material has several advantages compared to the currently used approaches, such as no need for any precipitation step.
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Chiminazzo A, Sperni L, Damuzzo M, Strukul G, Scarso A. Copper-mediated 1,4-Conjugate Addition of Boronic Acids and Indoles to Vinylidenebisphosphonate leading togem-Bisphosphonates as Potential Antiresorption Bone Drugs. ChemCatChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201402346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Voigt S, Philipp S, Davarnia P, Winoto-Morbach S, Röder C, Arenz C, Trauzold A, Kabelitz D, Schütze S, Kalthoff H, Adam D. TRAIL-induced programmed necrosis as a novel approach to eliminate tumor cells. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:74. [PMID: 24507727 PMCID: PMC3927850 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The cytokine TRAIL represents one of the most promising candidates for the apoptotic elimination of tumor cells, either alone or in combination therapies. However, its efficacy is often limited by intrinsic or acquired resistance of tumor cells to apoptosis. Programmed necrosis is an alternative, molecularly distinct mode of programmed cell death that is elicited by TRAIL under conditions when the classical apoptosis machinery fails or is actively inhibited. The potential of TRAIL-induced programmed necrosis in tumor therapy is, however, almost completely uncharacterized. We therefore investigated its impact on a panel of tumor cell lines of wide-ranging origin. Methods Cell death/viability was measured by flow cytometry/determination of intracellular ATP levels/crystal violet staining. Cell surface expression of TRAIL receptors was detected by flow cytometry, expression of proteins by Western blot. Ceramide levels were quantified by high-performance thin layer chromatography and densitometric analysis, clonogenic survival of cells was determined by crystal violet staining or by soft agarose cloning. Results TRAIL-induced programmed necrosis killed eight out of 14 tumor cell lines. Clonogenic survival was reduced in all sensitive and even one resistant cell lines tested. TRAIL synergized with chemotherapeutics in killing tumor cell lines by programmed necrosis, enhancing their effect in eight out of 10 tested tumor cell lines and in 41 out of 80 chemotherapeutic/TRAIL combinations. Susceptibility/resistance of the investigated tumor cell lines to programmed necrosis seems to primarily depend on expression of the pro-necrotic kinase RIPK3 rather than the related kinase RIPK1 or cell surface expression of TRAIL receptors. Furthermore, interference with production of the lipid ceramide protected all tested tumor cell lines. Conclusions Our study provides evidence that TRAIL-induced programmed necrosis represents a feasible approach for the elimination of tumor cells, and that this treatment may represent a promising new option for the future development of combination therapies. Our data also suggest that RIPK3 expression may serve as a potential predictive marker for the sensitivity of tumor cells to programmed necrosis and extend the previously established role of ceramide as a key mediator of death receptor-induced programmed necrosis (and thus as a potential target for future therapies) also to the tumor cell lines examined here.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dieter Adam
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Michaelisstrasse 5, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
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Becker KA, Henry B, Ziobro R, Riethmüller J, Gulbins E. Lipids in cystic fibrosis. Expert Rev Respir Med 2014; 5:527-35. [DOI: 10.1586/ers.11.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Preuss S, Omam FD, Scheiermann J, Stadelmann S, Winoto-Morbach S, von Bismarck P, Adam-Klages S, Knerlich-Lukoschus F, Lex D, Wesch D, Held-Feindt J, Uhlig S, Schütze S, Krause MF. Topical application of phosphatidyl-inositol-3,5-bisphosphate for acute lung injury in neonatal swine. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 16:2813-26. [PMID: 22882773 PMCID: PMC4118249 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2012.01618.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxemic respiratory failure of the neonatal organism involves increased acid sphingomyelinase (aSMase) activity and production of ceramide, a second messenger of a pro-inflammatory pathway that promotes increased vascular permeability, surfactant alterations and alveolar epithelial apoptosis. We comparatively assessed the benefits of topical aSMase inhibition by either imipramine (Imi) or phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) when administered into the airways together with surfactant (S) for fortification. In this translational study, a triple-hit acute lung injury model was used that entails repeated airway lavage, injurious ventilation and tracheal lipopolysaccharide instillation in newborn piglets subject to mechanical ventilation for 72 hrs. After randomization, we administered an air bolus (control), S, S+Imi, or S+PIP2. Only in the latter two groups we observed significantly improved oxygenation and ventilation, dynamic compliance and pulmonary oedema. S+Imi caused systemic aSMase suppression and ceramide reduction, whereas the S+PIP2 effect remained compartmentalized in the airways because of the molecule's bulky structure. The surfactant surface tensions improved by S+Imi and S+PIP2 interventions, but only to a minor extent by S alone. S+PIP2 inhibited the migration of monocyte-derived macrophages and granulocytes into airways by the reduction of CD14/CD18 expression on cell membranes and the expression of epidermal growth factors (amphiregulin and TGF-β1) and interleukin-6 as pro-fibrotic factors. Finally we observed reduced alveolar epithelial apoptosis, which was most apparent in S+PIP2 lungs. Exogenous surfactant “fortified” by PIP2, a naturally occurring surfactant component, improves lung function by topical suppression of aSMase, providing a potential treatment concept for neonates with hypoxemic respiratory failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Preuss
- Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Department of Pediatrics, Kiel, Germany
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Labeled chemical biology tools for investigating sphingolipid metabolism, trafficking and interaction with lipids and proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2013; 1841:1161-73. [PMID: 24389251 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The unraveling of sphingolipid metabolism and function in the last 40 years relied on the extensive study of inherited human disease and specifically-tailored mouse models. However, only few of the achievements made so far would have been possible without chemical biology tools, such as fluorescent and/or radio-labeled and other artificial substrates, (mechanism-based) enzyme inhibitors, cross-linking probes or artificial membrane models. In this review we provide an overview over chemical biology tools that have been used to gain more insight into the molecular basis of sphingolipid-related biology. Many of these tools are still of high relevance for the investigation of current sphingolipid-related questions, others may stimulate the tailoring of novel probes suitable to address recent and future issues in the field. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Tools to study lipid functions.
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Ceramides: a potential therapeutic target in pulmonary emphysema. Respir Res 2013; 14:96. [PMID: 24083966 PMCID: PMC3851206 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-14-96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this manuscript was to characterize airway ceramide profiles in a rodent model of elastase-induced emphysema and to examine the effect of pharmacological intervention directed towards ceramide metabolism. Methods Adult mice were anesthetized and treated with an intratracheal instillation of elastase. Lung function was measured, broncho-alveolar lavage fluid collected and histological and morphometrical analysis of lung tissue performed within 3 weeks after elastase injection, with and without sphingomyelinase inhibitors or serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor. Ceramides in broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were quantified by tandem mass spectrometry. Results BAL fluid showed a transient increase in total protein and IgM, and activated macrophages and neutrophils. Ceramides were transiently upregulated at day 2 after elastase treatment. Histology showed persistent patchy alveolar destruction at day 2 after elastase installation. Acid and neutral sphingomyelinase inhibitors had no effect on BAL ceramide levels, lung function or histology. Addition of a serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor ameliorated lung function changes and reduced ceramides in BAL. Conclusions Ceramides were increased during the acute inflammatory phase of elastase-induced lung injury. Since addition of a serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor diminished the rise in ceramides and ameliorated lung function, ceramides likely contributed to the early phase of alveolar destruction and are a potential therapeutic target in the elastase model of lung emphysema.
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