1
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Yu X, He H, Hui Y, Wang H, Zhu X, Li S, Zhu T. Additive engineering for efficient wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells with low open-circuit voltage losses. Front Chem 2024; 12:1441057. [PMID: 39286002 PMCID: PMC11402806 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1441057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
High-performance wide-bandgap (WBG) perovskite solar cells are used as top cells in perovskite/silicon or perovskite/perovskite tandem solar cells, which possess the potential to overcome the Shockley-Queisser limitation of single-junction perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, WBG perovskites still suffer from severe nonradiative recombination and large open-circuit voltage (Voc) losses, which restrict the improvement of PSC performance. Herein, we introduce 3,3'-diethyl-oxacarbo-cyanine iodide (DiOC2(3)) and multifunctional groups (C=N, C=C, C-O-C, C-N) into perovskite precursor solutions to simultaneously passivate deep level defects and reduce recombination centers. The multifunctional groups in DiOC2(3) coordinate with free Pb2+ at symmetric sites, passivating Pb vacancy defects, effectively suppressing nonradiative recombination, and maintaining considerable stability. The results reveal that the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the 1.68 eV WBG perovskite solar cell with an inverted structure increases from 18.51% to 21.50%, and the Voc loss is only 0.487 V. The unpackaged device maintains 95% of its initial PCE after 500 h, in an N2 environment at 25°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Yu
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Huxue He
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Yunuo Hui
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xing Zhu
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Shaoyuan Li
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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2
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Dipta SS, Howlader AH, Tarique WB, Uddin A. Comparative Analysis of the Stability and Performance of Double-, Triple-, and Quadruple-Cation Perovskite Solar Cells for Rooftop and Indoor Applications. Molecules 2024; 29:2758. [PMID: 38930824 PMCID: PMC11206545 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The solar energy market is predicted to be shared between Si solar cells and third-generation photovoltaics in the future. Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) show the greatest potential to capture a share there as a single junction or in tandem with silicon. Researchers worldwide are looking to optimize the composition of the perovskite film to achieve an optimal bandgap, performance, and stability. Traditional perovskites have a mixture of formamidinium and methyl ammonium as the A-site cation in their ABX3 structure. However, in recent times, the use of cesium and rubidium has become popular for making highly efficient PSCs. A thorough analysis of the performance and stability of double-, triple-, and quadruple-cation PSCs under different environmental conditions was performed in this study. The performance of the device and the films was analyzed by electrical measurements (J-V, dark J-V, EQE), scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, photoluminescence, and X-ray diffraction. The quadruple-cation device with the formula Cs0.07Rb0.03FA0.77MA0.13PbI2.8Br0.2 showed the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.7%. However, this device had the least stability under all conditions. The triple-cation device with the formula Cs0.1FA0.6MA0.3PbI2.8Br0.2, with a slightly lower PCE (21.2%), was considerably more stable, resulting in about 30% more energy harvested than that using the other two devices during their life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ashraf Uddin
- School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia; (S.S.D.); (A.H.H.); (W.B.T.)
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3
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Chen P, Ma X, Wang Z, Yang N, Luo J, Chen K, Liu P, Xie W, Hu Q. Revealing the impact of thermal annealing on the perovskite/organic bulk heterojunction interface in photovoltaic devices. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:14874-14882. [PMID: 38738516 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00849a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Perovskite/organic bulk heterojunction (BHJ) integrated solar cells have tremendous development potential to exceed the Shockley-Queisser limit efficiency of single-junction photovoltaics, due to the merits of spectra response extension. However, the presence of energy level barriers and severe non-radiative recombination at the interface between perovskite and BHJ greatly hindered the transport and collection of charge carriers, usually leading to large Voc and photocurrent loss, as well as the stability degradation of integrated devices. Therefore, investigating the interface properties of perovskite/BHJ is crucial for understanding the charge transport process and enhancing device performance. In this study, we effectively regulated the interface properties and charge transport in perovskite/BHJ integrated devices using a thermal annealing process. Using Kelvin probe microscopy, photoluminescence, and transient absorption spectroscopy, we revealed that moderate annealing treatment would contribute to forming close interface contact and provide more channels or pathways for charge transfer, which is advantageous for the interface charge collection and device performance. In addition, the lone pair electrons of acyl, thiophene and pyrrole function groups in polymer PDPP3T and PCBM can act as the Lewis base and provide electrons to the under-coordinated lead atoms or clusters in the perovskite, effectively passivating traps on the surface and grain boundaries of the perovskite through Lewis acid-base coordination. Finally, we improved the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the device to 21.57% with enhanced stability using an optimized thermal annealing process. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the integrated perovskite/BHJ interface properties, which could be extended to other optoelectronic devices based on a similar integrated structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China.
| | - Xinyuan Ma
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China.
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China.
| | - Nan Yang
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China.
| | - Jianwen Luo
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China.
| | - Ke Chen
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China.
| | - Pengyi Liu
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China.
| | - Weiguang Xie
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China.
| | - Qin Hu
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
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4
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Sirkiä S, Masood MT, Hadadian M, Qudsia S, Rosqvist E, Smått JH. Scalable Lead Acetate-Based Perovskite Thin Films Prepared via Controlled Nucleation and Growth under Near Ambient Conditions. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:8266-8273. [PMID: 38405520 PMCID: PMC10882608 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Lead acetate (PbAc2) is a promising precursor salt for large-scale production of perovskite solar cells, as its high solubility in polar solvents enables the use of scalable deposition methods such as inkjet printing and dip coating. In this study, uniform (40-230 nm) PbAc2 thin films were prepared via dip coating under near ambient lab conditions by tuning the PbAc2 precursor concentration. In a second step, these PbAc2 films were converted to methylammonium lead iodide (MAPI) perovskite by immersing them into methylammonium iodide (MAI) solutions. The nucleation and growth processes at play were controlled by altering key parameters, such as air humidity during the lead acetate deposition and MAI concentration when converting the PbAc2 film to MAPI. The research revealed that lead acetate is sensitive toward humidity and can undergo hydroxylation reactions affecting the reproducibility and quality of the produced solar cells. However, drying the PbAc2 films under low relative humidity (<1%) prior to conversion enables the production of high-quality MAPI films without the need of glovebox processing. Furthermore, SEM characterization revealed that the surface coverage of the MAPI film increased significantly with an increase of the MAI concentration at the conversion stage. The resulting morphology of the MAPI films can be explained by a standard nucleation and growth mechanism. Preliminary solar cells were produced using these MAPI films as the active layer. The best performing devices were obtained with a 140 nm thick lead acetate film converted to MAPI using a 12 mg/mL MAI solution, as these parameters resulted in a good surface coverage of the MAPI film. The results show that the methodology holds potential toward large-scale production of perovskite solar cells under near ambient conditions, which substantially simplifies the fabrication and lowers the production costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saara Sirkiä
- Laboratory
of Molecular Science and Engineering, Åbo
Akademi University, Henriksgatan 2, Åbo FI-20500, Finland
| | - Muhammad Talha Masood
- Department
of Materials Engineering, School of Chemical & Materials Engineering, National University of Science & Technology (NUST), H 12 sector, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Mahboubeh Hadadian
- Department
of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, Turku FI-20014, Finland
| | - Syeda Qudsia
- Laboratory
of Molecular Science and Engineering, Åbo
Akademi University, Henriksgatan 2, Åbo FI-20500, Finland
| | - Emil Rosqvist
- Laboratory
of Molecular Science and Engineering, Åbo
Akademi University, Henriksgatan 2, Åbo FI-20500, Finland
| | - Jan-Henrik Smått
- Laboratory
of Molecular Science and Engineering, Åbo
Akademi University, Henriksgatan 2, Åbo FI-20500, Finland
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5
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Li Z, Lin Y, Gu H, Zhang N, Wang B, Cai H, Liao J, Yu D, Chen Y, Fang G, Liang C, Yang S, Xing G. Large-n quasi-phase-pure two-dimensional halide perovskite: A toolbox from materials to devices. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:382-418. [PMID: 38105163 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Despite their excellent environmental stability, low defect density, and high carrier mobility, large-n quasi-two-dimensional halide perovskites (quasi-2DHPs) feature a limited application scope because of the formation of self-assembled multiple quantum wells (QWs) due to the similar thermal stabilities of large-n phases. However, large-n quasi-phase-pure 2DHPs (quasi-PP-2DHPs) can solve this problem perfectly. This review discusses the structures, formation mechanisms, and photoelectronic and physical properties of quasi-PP-2DHPs, summarises the corresponding single crystals, thin films, and heterojunction preparation methods, and presents the related advances. Moreover, we focus on applications of large-n quasi-PP-2DHPs in solar cells, photodetectors, lasers, light-emitting diodes, and field-effect transistors, discuss the challenges and prospects of these emerging photoelectronic materials, and review the potential technological developments in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijia Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yuexin Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hao Gu
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Bin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hairui Cai
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jinfeng Liao
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China
| | - Dejian Yu
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China
| | - Yiwang Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Guojia Fang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Chao Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Shengchun Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Guichuan Xing
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China.
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6
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Zhang L, Luo G, Zhang W, Yao Y, Ren P, Geng X, Zhang Y, Wu X, Xu L, Lin P, Yu X, Wang P, Cui C. Strain Regulation and Defect Passivation of FA-Based Perovskite Materials for Highly Efficient Solar Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305582. [PMID: 38064168 PMCID: PMC10870053 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Formamidine lead triiodide (FAPbI3 ) perovskites have attracted increasing interest for photovoltaics attributed to the optimal bandgap, high thermal stability, and the record power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, the materials still face several key challenges, such as phase transition, lattice defects, and ion migration. Therefore, external ions (e.g., cesium ions (Cs+ )) are usually introduced to promote the crystallization and enhance the phase stability. Nevertheless, the doping of Cs+ into the A-site easily leads to lattice compressive strain and the formation of pinholes. Herein, trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) is introduced into the precursor to provide tensile strain outside the perovskite lattice through intermolecular forces. The special strain compensation strategy further improves the crystallization of perovskite and inhibits the ion migration. Moreover, the TOPO molecule significantly passivates grain boundaries and undercoordinated Pb2+ defects via the forming of P═O─Pb bond. As a result, the target solar cell devices with the synergistic effect of Cs+ and TOPO additives have achieved a significantly improved PCE of 22.71% and a high open-circuit voltage of 1.16 V (voltage deficit of 0.36 V), with superior stability under light exposure, heat, or humidity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of PhysicsZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China
| | - Guohui Luo
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of PhysicsZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China
| | - Weihao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of PhysicsZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China
| | - Yuxin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials & School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Penghui Ren
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of PhysicsZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China
| | - Xiuhong Geng
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of PhysicsZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of PhysicsZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of PhysicsZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China
| | - Lingbo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of PhysicsZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China
| | - Ping Lin
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of PhysicsZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China
| | - Xuegong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials & School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of PhysicsZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China
| | - Can Cui
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of PhysicsZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China
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7
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Caiazzo A, Datta K, Bellini L, Wienk MM, Janssen RAJ. Impact of Alkyl Chain Length on the Formation of Regular- and Reverse-Graded Quasi-2D Perovskite Thin Films. ACS MATERIALS LETTERS 2024; 6:267-274. [PMID: 38178980 PMCID: PMC10762656 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.3c01073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Crystallization of low-dimensional perovskites is a complex process that leads to multidimensional films comprising two-dimensional (2D), quasi-2D, and three-dimensional (3D) phases. Most quasi-2D perovskite films possess a regular gradient with 2D phases located at the bottom of the film and 3D phases at the top. Recently, multiple studies have reported reverse-graded perovskite films, where the location of the 2D and 3D structures is inverted. The underlying reasons for such a peculiar phase distribution are unclear. While crystallization of regular-graded quasi-2D perovskites has been described as starting with 3D phases from the liquid-air interface, the film formation of reverse-graded films has not been investigated yet. Here, we examine the impact of the alkyl chain length on the formation of regular- and reverse-graded perovskites using n-alkylammonium ions. We find that long alkyl chains reverse the phase distribution gradient. By combining photoluminescence spectroscopy with in situ optical absorption measurements, we demonstrate that crystallization starts at the liquid-N2 interface, though as 3D phases for short-chain n-alkylammonium ions and as quasi-2D phases for long chains. We link this behavior to enhanced van der Waals interactions between long-chain n-alkylammonium ions in polar solvents and their tendency to accumulate at the liquid-N2 interface, creating a concentration gradient along the film thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Caiazzo
- Molecular
Materials and Nanosystems and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Kunal Datta
- Molecular
Materials and Nanosystems and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Bellini
- Molecular
Materials and Nanosystems and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn M. Wienk
- Molecular
Materials and Nanosystems and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - René A. J. Janssen
- Molecular
Materials and Nanosystems and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Dutch
Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, De Zaale 20, 5612
AJ Eindhoven, The
Netherlands
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8
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Park JH, Noh YW, Ha JM, Harit AK, Tripathi A, Lee J, Lee BR, Song MH, Woo HY. Anionic Conjugated Polyelectrolyte as a Semiconducting Additive for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37983071 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite defects are a major hurdle in the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). While various defect passivation materials have been explored, most are insulators that hinder charge transport. This study investigates the potential of two different π-conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs), MPS2-TEA and PCPDTBT2-TMA, as semiconducting additives in PSCs. The CPEs differ in electrical conductivity, offering a unique approach to bridge defect mitigation and charge carrier transport. Unlike previous uses of CPEs mainly as interlayers or charge transport layers, we explore their direct effect on defect passivation within a perovskite layer. Secondary ion microscopy reveals the even distribution of CPEs within the perovskite layer and their efficient defect passivation potential is studied through various spectroscopic analyses. Comparing MPS2-TEA and PCPDTBT2-TMA, we find MPS2-TEA to be superior in defect passivation. The highly conductive nature of PCPDTBT2-TMA due to self-doping diminishes its defect passivation ability. The negative sulfonate groups in the side chains of PCPDTBT2-TMA stabilize polarons, reducing defect passivation capability. Finally, the PSCs with MPS2-TEA achieve remarkable power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 22.7% for 0.135 cm2 and 20.0% for large-area (1 cm2) cells. Furthermore, the device with MPS2-TEA maintained over 87.3% of initial PCE after 960 h at continuous 1-sun illumination and 89% of PCE after 850 h at 85 °C in a nitrogen glovebox without encapsulation. This highlights CPEs as promising defect passivation additives, unlocking potential for improved efficiency and stability not only in PSCs but also in wider applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyun Park
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Wook Noh
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Ha
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Amit Kumar Harit
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ayushi Tripathi
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongjae Lee
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Ram Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Hoon Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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9
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Ašmontas S, Mujahid M. Recent Progress in Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1886. [PMID: 37368318 DOI: 10.3390/nano13121886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Tandem solar cells are widely considered the industry's next step in photovoltaics because of their excellent power conversion efficiency. Since halide perovskite absorber material was developed, it has been feasible to develop tandem solar cells that are more efficient. The European Solar Test Installation has verified a 32.5% efficiency for perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. There has been an increase in the perovskite/Si tandem devices' power conversion efficiency, but it is still not as high as it might be. Their instability and difficulties in large-area realization are significant challenges in commercialization. In the first part of this overview, we set the stage by discussing the background of tandem solar cells and their development over time. Subsequently, a concise summary of recent advancements in perovskite tandem solar cells utilizing various device topologies is presented. In addition, we explore the many possible configurations of tandem module technology: the present work addresses the characteristics and efficacy of 2T monolithic and mechanically stacked four-terminal devices. Next, we explore ways to boost perovskite tandem solar cells' power conversion efficiencies. Recent advancements in the efficiency of tandem cells are described, along with the limitations that are still restricting their efficiency. Stability is also a significant hurdle in commercializing such devices, so we proposed eliminating ion migration as a cornerstone strategy for solving intrinsic instability problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steponas Ašmontas
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Muhammad Mujahid
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
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10
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Duijnstee EA, Gallant BM, Holzhey P, Kubicki DJ, Collavini S, Sturdza BK, Sansom HC, Smith J, Gutmann MJ, Saha S, Gedda M, Nugraha MI, Kober-Czerny M, Xia C, Wright AD, Lin YH, Ramadan AJ, Matzen A, Hung EYH, Seo S, Zhou S, Lim J, Anthopoulos TD, Filip MR, Johnston MB, Nicholas RJ, Delgado JL, Snaith HJ. Understanding the Degradation of Methylenediammonium and Its Role in Phase-Stabilizing Formamidinium Lead Triiodide. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10275-10284. [PMID: 37115733 PMCID: PMC10176466 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI3) is the leading candidate for single-junction metal-halide perovskite photovoltaics, despite the metastability of this phase. To enhance its ambient-phase stability and produce world-record photovoltaic efficiencies, methylenediammonium dichloride (MDACl2) has been used as an additive in FAPbI3. MDA2+ has been reported as incorporated into the perovskite lattice alongside Cl-. However, the precise function and role of MDA2+ remain uncertain. Here, we grow FAPbI3 single crystals from a solution containing MDACl2 (FAPbI3-M). We demonstrate that FAPbI3-M crystals are stable against transformation to the photoinactive δ-phase for more than one year under ambient conditions. Critically, we reveal that MDA2+ is not the direct cause of the enhanced material stability. Instead, MDA2+ degrades rapidly to produce ammonium and methaniminium, which subsequently oligomerizes to yield hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA). FAPbI3 crystals grown from a solution containing HMTA (FAPbI3-H) replicate the enhanced α-phase stability of FAPbI3-M. However, we further determine that HMTA is unstable in the perovskite precursor solution, where reaction with FA+ is possible, leading instead to the formation of tetrahydrotriazinium (THTZ-H+). By a combination of liquid- and solid-state NMR techniques, we show that THTZ-H+ is selectively incorporated into the bulk of both FAPbI3-M and FAPbI3-H at ∼0.5 mol % and infer that this addition is responsible for the improved α-phase stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth A Duijnstee
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin M Gallant
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Philippe Holzhey
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Dominik J Kubicki
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Collavini
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida de Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Bernd K Sturdza
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Harry C Sansom
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Joel Smith
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias J Gutmann
- ISIS Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX,United Kingdom
| | - Santanu Saha
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Murali Gedda
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamad I Nugraha
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), South Tangerang 15314, Banten, Indonesia
| | - Manuel Kober-Czerny
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Chelsea Xia
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Adam D Wright
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Yen-Hung Lin
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra J Ramadan
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Hicks Building, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Matzen
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, 3 South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3AN, United Kingdom
| | - Esther Y-H Hung
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Seongrok Seo
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Suer Zhou
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Jongchul Lim
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology (GEST), Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Thomas D Anthopoulos
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marina R Filip
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Michael B Johnston
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Robin J Nicholas
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Juan Luis Delgado
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida de Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Henry J Snaith
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
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11
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Lin S, Wu S, Guo D, Huang H, Zhou X, Zhang D, Zhou K, Zhang W, Hu Y, Gao Y, Zhou C. Improved Crystallization of Lead Halide Perovskite in Two-Step Growth Method by Polymer-Assisted "Slow-Release Effect". SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201663. [PMID: 36852613 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fast reaction between organic salt and lead iodide always leads to small perovskite crystallites and concentrated defects. Here, polyacrylic acid is blended with organic salt, so as to regulate the crystallization in a two-step growth method. It is observed that addition of polyacrylic acid retards aggregation and crystallization behavior of the organic salt, and slows down the reaction rate between organic salt and PbI2 , by which "slow-release effect" is defined. Such effect improves crystallization of perovskite. X-ray diffraction study shows that, after addition of 2 mm polyacrylic acid, average crystallite size of perovskite increases from ≈40 to ≈90 nm, meanwhile, grain size increases. Thermal admittance spectroscopy study shows that trap density is reduced by nearly one order (especially for deep energy levels). Due to the improved crystallization and reduced trap density, charge recombination is obviously reduced, while lifetime of charge carriers in perovskite film and devices are prolonged, according to time-resolved photoluminescence and transient photo-voltage decay curve tests, respectively. Accordingly, power conversion efficiency of the device is promoted from 19.96 (±0.41)% to 21.84 (±0.25)% (with a champion efficiency of 22.31%), and further elevated to 24.19% after surface modification by octylammonium iodide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Lin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, Institute of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process in Advanced Materials (ISUPAM), School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Shuyue Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, Institute of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process in Advanced Materials (ISUPAM), School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - De'en Guo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, Institute of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process in Advanced Materials (ISUPAM), School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Han Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, Institute of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process in Advanced Materials (ISUPAM), School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Xuefan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Powder Metallurgy Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Dou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Powder Metallurgy Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Kechao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Powder Metallurgy Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Zhang
- Michael Grätzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yue Hu
- Michael Grätzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yongli Gao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Conghua Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, Institute of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process in Advanced Materials (ISUPAM), School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
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12
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Hun CM, Chen LC. Properties and alcohol sensing applications of quasi-2D (PEA) 2(MA) 3Sb 2Br 9 thin films. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2023; 18:19. [PMID: 36808580 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-023-03806-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We fabricated an alcohol detector based on (PEA)2(CH3NH3)3Sb2Br9 ((PEA)2MA3Sb2Br9) lead-free perovskite-like films. The XRD pattern revealed that the (PEA)2MA3Sb2Br9 lead-free perovskite-like films exhibited a quasi-2D structure. The optimal current response ratios are 74 and 84 for 5 and 15% alcohol solutions, respectively. When the amount of PEABr decreases in the films, the conductivity of the sample in ambient alcohol with a high alcohol concentration solution increases. The alcohol was dissolved into water and carbon dioxide due to the catalyst effect of the quasi-2D (PEA)2MA3Sb2Br9 thin film. The rise and fall times for the alcohol detector were 1.85 and 0.7 s, respectively, indicating that the detector was suitable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Min Hun
- Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan
| | - Lung-Chien Chen
- Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan.
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13
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Ghosh A, Strandell DP, Kambhampati P. A spectroscopic overview of the differences between the absorbing states and the emitting states in semiconductor perovskite nanocrystals. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:2470-2487. [PMID: 36691921 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05698d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor perovskites have been under intense investigation for their promise in optoelectronic applications and their novel and unique physical properties. There have been a variety of material implementations of perovskites from thin films to single crystals to nanocrystals. The nanocrystal form, in particular, is attractive as it enables solution processing and also spectroscopically probes both absorptive and emissive transitions. Broadly, the literature is comprised of experiments of either form, but the experiments are rarely performed in concert and are not discussed in a unified picture. For example, absorptive experiments are typically transient absorption measurements, which aim to measure carrier kinetics and dynamics. In contrast, the emissive experiments largely focus on excitonic fine structures and coupling to phonons. The time resolved emission experiments report on excited state lifetimes and their dependence on temperature. There are broad differences in the spectroscopy techniques and the questions asked in both classes of experiments. Yet there is one measure in common that suggests there are mysteries in our understanding of how the absorbing and emitting states are connected. The linewidth of emission spectra is always larger than the linewidth of absorption spectra. The question of the physics underlying linewidths is complex and is one of the central issues in perovskite nanocrystals. So why are the absorptive and emissive linewidths different? At present even this simple question has no clear answer. The more complex questions of the structure and dynamics of absorptive and emissive states are even more ambiguous. Hence there is a need to connect these experiments and the relevant states. Here, we provide an overview of the salient absorptive and emissive spectroscopy techniques in an effort to begin connecting these two disparate areas of inquiry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada.
| | - Dallas P Strandell
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada.
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14
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Chen F, Li C, Shang C, Wang K, Huang Q, Zhao Q, Zhu H, Ding J. Ultrafast Response of Centimeter Scale Thin CsPbBr 3 Single Crystal Film Photodetector for Optical Communication. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2203565. [PMID: 36156855 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The photodetector (PD) is the key component to realize efficient optoelectronic conversion signal in the visible light communication (VLC) system. The response speed directly determines the bandwidth of the whole system. Metal halide perovskite is a neotype of low-cost solution processing semiconductor, with strong optical absorption, low trap density, and high carrier mobility, thus has been widely explored in photoelectric detection applications. However, previously reported perovskite polycrystalline photodetectors exhibit limited response speed due to the existence of grain boundaries. Here, an improved confined space method is developed through adjusting the heating area to control nucleation, resulting in centimeter scale fully inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3 thin single crystal films (SCFs) (<40 µm). The smooth surface and high crystallinity of CsPbBr3 SCFs render admirable exciton lifetime. The planar metal-semiconductor-metal photodetector using CsPbBr3 SCF as the photosensitive layer demonstrates a limit response time of 200/300 ns and a VLC within 100-500 kHz frequency for both 365 nm and white light, which is superior to previously reported CsPbBr3 polycrystalline film and single crystal photodetectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feitong Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, P. R. China
| | - Changqian Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, P. R. China
| | - Chenyu Shang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, P. R. China
| | - Kaiyu Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, P. R. China
| | - Qi Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, P. R. China
| | - Qiqi Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, P. R. China
| | - Huiling Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, P. R. China
| | - Jianxu Ding
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, P. R. China
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15
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Zheng D, Volovitch P, Pauporté T. What Can Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectroscopy (GD-OES) Technique Tell Us about Perovskite Solar Cells? SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2200633. [PMID: 36228109 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The emerging broad range of applications of the glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GD-OES) technique in the field of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) research is reviewed. It can provide a large palette of information by easily and quickly tracking the depth distribution of light to heavy elements. After a discussion of the advantages and the limitations of the technique and a comparison with other analytical techniques, how GD-OES is employed to give structural information on perovskite solar cells is shown. GD-OES has allowed the full perovskite film formation process investigation, from the initial precursor layers containing soaking and complexed solvent to the final crystallized 3D perovskite layers. The A-site elemental cations distribution is followed-up during the film formation. In addition, this technique gives a deep insight into the action mechanism of additives and their effects on the film formation. It provides fruitful information on optimized light absorbing layers and on the selective contact layers which ensure the charge transport in PSCs. It allows to directly visualize halide ions migration and their blocking by ad-hoc chemical engineering and to study the films and PSCs ageing. GD-OES opens new perspectives to explain the final performances of the devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daming Zheng
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (IRCP), 75005, Paris, France
- Nanophotonics Research Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Technology & Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Polina Volovitch
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (IRCP), 75005, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Pauporté
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (IRCP), 75005, Paris, France
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16
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Ollearo R, Caiazzo A, Li J, Fattori M, van Breemen AJJM, Wienk MM, Gelinck GH, Janssen RAJ. Multidimensional Perovskites for High Detectivity Photodiodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2205261. [PMID: 36000490 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202205261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Low-dimensional perovskites attract increasing interest due to tunable optoelectronic properties and high stability. Here, it is shown that perovskite thin films with a vertical gradient in dimensionality result in graded electronic bandgap structures that are ideal for photodiode applications. Positioning low-dimensional, vertically-oriented perovskite phases at the interface with the electron blocking layer increases the activation energy for thermal charge generation and thereby effectively lowers the dark current density to a record-low value of 5 × 10-9 mA cm-2 without compromising responsivity, resulting in a noise-current-based specific detectivity exceeding 7 × 1012 Jones at 600 nm. These multidimensional perovskite photodiodes show promising air stability and a dynamic range over ten orders of magnitude, and thus represent a new generation of high-performance low-cost photodiodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Ollearo
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandro Caiazzo
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Junyu Li
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Fattori
- Integrated Circuits, Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | | | - Martijn M Wienk
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Gerwin H Gelinck
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- TNO at Holst Centre, High Tech Campus 31, Eindhoven, 5656 AE, The Netherlands
| | - René A J Janssen
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, De Zaale 20, Eindhoven, 5612 AJ, The Netherlands
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17
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O’Kane ME, Smith JA, Kilbride RC, Spooner ELK, Duif CP, Catley TE, Washington AL, King SM, Parnell SR, Parnell AJ. Exploring Nanoscale Structure in Perovskite Precursor Solutions Using Neutron and Light Scattering. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022; 34:7232-7241. [PMID: 36032552 PMCID: PMC9404541 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c00905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Tailoring the solution chemistry of metal halide perovskites requires a detailed understanding of precursor aggregation and coordination. In this work, we use various scattering techniques, including dynamic light scattering (DLS), small angle neutron scattering (SANS), and spin-echo SANS (SESANS) to probe the nanostructures from 1 nm to 10 μm within two different lead-halide perovskite solution inks (MAPbI3 and a triple-cation mixed-halide perovskite). We find that DLS can misrepresent the size distribution of the colloidal dispersion and use SANS/SESANS to confirm that these perovskite solutions are mostly comprised of 1-2 nm-sized particles. We further conclude that if there are larger colloids present, their concentration must be <0.005% of the total dispersion volume. With SANS, we apply a simple fitting model for two component microemulsions (Teubner-Strey), demonstrating this as a potential method to investigate the structure, chemical composition, and colloidal stability of perovskite solutions, and we here show that MAPbI3 solutions age more drastically than triple cation solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E. O’Kane
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Sheffield, The Hicks Building, Sheffield S3 7RH, United
Kingdom
| | - Joel A. Smith
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Sheffield, The Hicks Building, Sheffield S3 7RH, United
Kingdom
| | - Rachel C. Kilbride
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Sheffield, The Hicks Building, Sheffield S3 7RH, United
Kingdom
| | - Emma L. K. Spooner
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Sheffield, The Hicks Building, Sheffield S3 7RH, United
Kingdom
| | - Chris P. Duif
- Faculty
of Applied Sciences, Delft University of
Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas E. Catley
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Sheffield, The Hicks Building, Sheffield S3 7RH, United
Kingdom
| | - Adam L. Washington
- ISIS
Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, STFC Rutherford
Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX, United
Kingdom
| | - Stephen M. King
- ISIS
Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, STFC Rutherford
Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX, United
Kingdom
| | - Steven R. Parnell
- Faculty
of Applied Sciences, Delft University of
Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew J. Parnell
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Sheffield, The Hicks Building, Sheffield S3 7RH, United
Kingdom
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18
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Romano V, Agresti A, Verduci R, D’Angelo G. Advances in Perovskites for Photovoltaic Applications in Space. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2022; 7:2490-2514. [PMID: 35990414 PMCID: PMC9380018 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.2c01099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Perovskites have emerged as promising light harvesters in photovoltaics. The resulting solar cells (i) are thin and lightweight, (ii) can be produced through solution processes, (iii) mainly use low-cost raw materials, and (iv) can be flexible. These features make perovskite solar cells intriguing as space technologies; however, the extra-terrestrial environment can easily cause the premature failure of devices. In particular, the presence of high-energy radiation is the most dangerous factor that can damage space technologies. This Review discusses the status and perspectives of perovskite photovoltaics in space applications. The main factors used to describe the space environment are introduced, and the results concerning the radiation hardness of perovskites toward protons, electrons, neutrons, and γ-rays are presented. Emphasis is given to the physicochemical processes underlying radiation damage in such materials. Finally, the potential use of perovskite solar cells in extra-terrestrial conditions is discussed by considering the effects of the space environment on the choice of the architecture and components of the devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentino Romano
- Department
of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Department
of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Agresti
- CHOSE
(Center for Hibrid and Organic Solar Energy), Department of Electronics
Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Rosaria Verduci
- Department
of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanna D’Angelo
- Department
of Mathematical and Computer Sciences, Physical Sciences and Earth
Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
- CNR,
Institute for Chemical-Physical Processes (IPCF), 98158 Messina, Italy
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19
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Tamayo J, Do T, El-Maraghy K, Vullev VI. Are the emission quantum yields of cesium plumbobromide perovskite nanocrystals reliable metrics for their quality? JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2022.100109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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20
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Rezaee E, Kutsarov D, Li B, Bi J, Silva SRP. A route towards the fabrication of large-scale and high-quality perovskite films for optoelectronic devices. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7411. [PMID: 35523822 PMCID: PMC9076914 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10790-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Halide perovskite materials have been extensively explored for their unique electrical, optical, magnetic, and catalytic properties. Most notably, solar cells based on perovskite thin films have improved their power conversion efficiency from 3.8% to over 25% during the last 12 years. However, it is still a challenge to develop a perovskite-based ink, suitable for upscaling the fabrication process of high-quality perovskite films with extreme purity, good crystallinity, and complete coverage over the deposition area. This is particularly important if the perovskite films are to be used for the scaled production of optoelectronic devices. Therefore, to make halide perovskites commercially available for various applications, it is vital to develop a reliable and highly robust deposition method, which can then be transferred to industry. Herein, the development of perovskite precursor inks suitable for use at low-temperature and vacuum-free solution-based deposition processes is reported. These inks can be further tailored according to the requirements of the deposition method, i.e., we propose their use with the industrially viable deposition technique called "slot-die coating". Furthermore, a route for the preparation of low-cost and high-volume manufacturing of perovskite films on both rigid and flexible substrates is suggested in this paper. The presented approach is suitable for the fabrication of any functional layers of perovskites, that can be employed in various scaled applications, and it seeks the potential and the methodology for perovskite film deposition that is scalable to industrial standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Rezaee
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Advanced Technology Institute (ATI), University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Dimitar Kutsarov
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Advanced Technology Institute (ATI), University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Bowei Li
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Advanced Technology Institute (ATI), University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Jinxin Bi
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Advanced Technology Institute (ATI), University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - S Ravi P Silva
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Advanced Technology Institute (ATI), University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK.
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21
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Mohanty PP, Ahuja R, Chakraborty S. Progress and challenges in layered two-dimensional hybrid perovskites. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:292501. [PMID: 35390776 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac6529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dimensionality is the game-changer property of a material. The optical and electronic properties of a compound get dramatically influenced by confining dimensions from 3D to 2D. The bulk 3D perovskite materials have shown remarkable up-gradation in the power conversion efficiency, hence grabbing worldwide attention. But instability against moisture, temperature, and ion migration are the factors constantly back-stabbing and hindering from full-scale commercialization. 2D perovskite material has emerged as an excellent bridging entity between structural-chemical stability, and viable commercialization. Organic-inorganic 2D perovskite materials come with a layered structure in which a large organic cation layer as a spacer is sandwiched between two inorganic metal halide octahedra layers. Moreover, hydrophobic spacer cations are employed which isolate inorganic octahedral layers from water molecules. Hydrophobic spacer cations protect the authentic structure from being degraded. These layered structures occur in two phases namely the Ruddlesden-Popper phase and Dion-Jacobson phase, depending on the spacer cation types. Alternating inorganic and organic layers form multiple quantum wells naturally, along with spin-orbit-coupling gives Rashba splitting. 2D perovskite materials are coming up with interesting chemical, physical properties like exciton dynamics, charge carrier transport, and electron-phonon coupling as a result of the quantum confinement effect. Despite appreciable stability, limited charge transport and large bandgap are limiting the application of 2D perovskite materials in solar cells. These limitations can be overcome by using the concept of 2D/3D multidimensional hybrid perovskites, which includes the long-term stability of 2D perovskite and the high performance of 3D perovskite at the same time. Here in this perspective, we have given brief insight on structural versatility, synthesis techniques, some of the unique photophysical properties, potential device fabrication, and recent advancements in the 2D structure to stand against degradation. Certain shortcomings and future outlooks are also discussed to make the perspective more informative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajna Parimita Mohanty
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
- Materials Theory for Energy Scavenging (MATES) Lab, Harish-Chandra Research Institute (HRI) Allahabad, HBNI, Prayagraj (Allahabad) 211 019, India
| | - Rajeev Ahuja
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
- Condensed Matter Theory Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75120, Sweden
| | - Sudip Chakraborty
- Materials Theory for Energy Scavenging (MATES) Lab, Harish-Chandra Research Institute (HRI) Allahabad, HBNI, Prayagraj (Allahabad) 211 019, India
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22
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Soft X-ray characterization of halide perovskite film by scanning transmission X-ray microscopy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4520. [PMID: 35296696 PMCID: PMC8927596 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08256-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic–inorganic metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have recently been receiving a lot of attention due to their newfound application in optoelectronic devices, including perovskite solar cells (PSCs) which have reached power conversion efficiencies as high as 25.5%. However, the fundamental mechanisms in PSCs, including the correlation of degradation with the excellent optoelectrical properties of the perovskite absorbers, are poorly understood. In this paper, we have explored synchrotron-based soft X-ray characterization as an effective technique for the compositional analysis of MHP thin films. Most synchrotron-based studies used for investigating MHPs so far are based on hard X-rays (5–10 keV) which include various absorption edges (Pb L-edge, I L-edge, Br K-edge, etc.) but are not suited for the analysis of the organic component in these materials. In order to be sensitive to a maximum number of elements, we have employed soft X-ray-based scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) as a spectro-microscopy technique for the characterization of MHPs. We examined its sensitivity to iodine and organic components, aging, or oxidation by-products in MHPs to make sure that our suggested method is suitable for studying MHPs. Furthermore, methylammonium triiodide with different deposition ratios of PbI2 and CH3NH3I (MAI), and different thicknesses, were characterized for chemical inhomogeneity at the nanoscale by STXM. Through these measurements, we demonstrate that STXM is very sensitive to chemical composition and homogeneity in MHPs. Thus, we highlight the utility of STXM for an in-depth analysis of physical and chemical phenomena in PSCs.
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23
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Synthesis of 1D Bi 2O 3 nanostructures from hybrid electrospun fibrous mats and their morphology, structure, optical and electrical properties. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4046. [PMID: 35260707 PMCID: PMC8904472 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07830-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to produce Bi2O3 nanowires using a combination of sol–gel process and electrospinning methods and a solution based on a 13% solution of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) containing 1.5 g of bismuth (III) nitrate pentahydrate (Bi(NO3)3·5H2O). The obtained fibrous composite mats were dried at room temperature for 24 h followed by the calcination process in air at two different temperatures of 400 °C and 600 °C. Analysis of the morphology of the fabricated Bi2O3 nanomaterials based on TEM images showed that the obtained ceramic structures could be classified as one-dimensional Bi2O3 nanostructures, with the sizes of the presented structures being 260 nm, 125 nm and 200 nm for diameter, and 5.5μm , 2 μm and 2.125 μm for length, respectively. Moreover, further analysis of the morphology of the obtained Bi2O3 nanostructures with the use of SEM showed that their diameters ranged from 150 to 500 nm when a calcination temperature of 400 °C was employed, while Bi2O3 nanowires with diameters ranging from 150 to 450 nm were obtained at 600 °C. To analyse the chemical composition and oscillatory transitions of atoms vibrating between the oscillatory levels in the molecules of the produced 1D nanostructures, and to determine the functional groups existing therein, EDX and FTIR were used. Transmission peaks in FTIR spectra recorded for wave numbers in the range of 400–4000 cm-1 were due to the presence of vibrations in Bi–O bonds, which correspond to the structure of Bi2O3. In addition, a detailed analysis of optical constants of one-dimensional Bi2O3 nanostructures fabricated using a combination of sol–gel process, electrospinning and calcination methods has been presented in this paper for the first time. Optical studies based on the recorded UV–Vis spectra showed that the obtained Bi2O3 nanowires were characterized by sharp absorption edges of radiation in the near-ultraviolet range, with sharp absorption edges falling at wavelengths of 400 nm, regardless of the applied temperature during the calcination process. The study of optical constants showed that the Bi2O3 nanostructures exhibited refractive indices of 2.62 and 2.53 at temperatures of 400 °C and 600 °C, respectively, while dielectric constants were 6.87 and 6.42, respectively. The final stage of the study was the determination of the width of energy gaps of the produced bismuth oxide nanostructures, which were found to be 3.19 and 2.97 eV, respectively. The presented results of morphology and optical properties of the obtained one-dimensional Bi2O3 semiconductor nanostructures indicate a potential possibility to apply this type of materials for the production of a new generation of dye-sensitized photovoltaic cells (DSSCs).
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24
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Kim W, Kim H, Yoo TJ, Lee JY, Jo JY, Lee BH, Sasikala AA, Jung GY, Pak Y. Perovskite multifunctional logic gates via bipolar photoresponse of single photodetector. Nat Commun 2022; 13:720. [PMID: 35132055 PMCID: PMC8821588 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28374-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The explosive demand for a wide range of data processing has sparked interest towards a new logic gate platform as the existing electronic logic gates face limitations in accurate and fast computing. Accordingly, optoelectronic logic gates (OELGs) using photodiodes are of significant interest due to their broad bandwidth and fast data transmission, but complex configuration, power consumption, and low reliability issues are still inherent in these systems. Herein, we present a novel all-in-one OELG based on the bipolar spectral photoresponse characteristics of a self-powered perovskite photodetector (SPPD) having a back-to-back p+-i-n-p-p+ diode structure. Five representative logic gates ("AND", "OR", "NAND", "NOR", and "NOT") are demonstrated with only a single SPPD via the photocurrent polarity control. For practical applications, we propose a universal OELG platform of integrated 8 × 8 SPPD pixels, demonstrating the 100% accuracy in five logic gate operations irrelevant to current variation between pixels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woochul Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
- Sensor System Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonghun Kim
- Sensor System Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- School of Engineering Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Tae Jin Yoo
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
- Electronic Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Jo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Hun Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Assa Aravindh Sasikala
- Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit (NANOMO), University of Oulu, Oulu, 90750, Finland
| | - Gun Young Jung
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yusin Pak
- Sensor System Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Spivak Y, Muratova E, Moshnikov V, Tuchkovsky A, Vrublevsky I, Lushpa N. Improving the Conductivity of the PEDOT:PSS Layers in Photovoltaic Cells Based on Organometallic Halide Perovskites. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:990. [PMID: 35160934 PMCID: PMC8839719 DOI: 10.3390/ma15030990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Among conductive polymers, PEDOT films find the widest application in electronics. For photovoltaic applications, studies of their optical properties, stability, and electrical conductivity are of greatest interest. However, the PEDOT:PSS transport layers, when used in photovoltaic cells, have a high electrical resistance, which prevents solar cells from increasing their efficiency. One of the promising ways to improve their electrical properties is the use of composite materials based on them, in which the conductivity can be increased by introducing various additives. In this work, conductive polymer films PEDOT:PSS (poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate acid) doped with a number of amines (Pentylamine, Octylamine, Diethylamine, Aniline with carbon nanotubes) were obtained and studied. It is shown that, depending on the concentration of dopants, the electrical conductivity of PEDOT:PSS films can be significantly improved. In this case, the light transmission of the films practically does not change. The process of improving the conductivity by treating the surface of the finished film with amines, followed by heat treatment, was studied. It is assumed that the improvement in conductivity is the result of the self-assembly of monolayers of organic molecules on the surface of the PEDOT:PSS film leading to its p-doping due to intermolecular interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Spivak
- Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (Y.S.); (V.M.)
| | - Ekaterina Muratova
- Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (Y.S.); (V.M.)
| | - Vyacheslav Moshnikov
- Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (Y.S.); (V.M.)
| | - Alexander Tuchkovsky
- R&D Laboratory of Materials and Components of Electronics and Superconducting Equipment, Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, 220013 Minsk, Belarus; (A.T.); (I.V.); (N.L.)
| | - Igor Vrublevsky
- R&D Laboratory of Materials and Components of Electronics and Superconducting Equipment, Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, 220013 Minsk, Belarus; (A.T.); (I.V.); (N.L.)
| | - Nikita Lushpa
- R&D Laboratory of Materials and Components of Electronics and Superconducting Equipment, Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, 220013 Minsk, Belarus; (A.T.); (I.V.); (N.L.)
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26
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Ollearo R, Wang J, Dyson MJ, Weijtens CHL, Fattori M, van Gorkom BT, van Breemen AJJM, Meskers SCJ, Janssen RAJ, Gelinck GH. Ultralow dark current in near-infrared perovskite photodiodes by reducing charge injection and interfacial charge generation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7277. [PMID: 34907190 PMCID: PMC8671406 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27565-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal halide perovskite photodiodes (PPDs) offer high responsivity and broad spectral sensitivity, making them attractive for low-cost visible and near-infrared sensing. A significant challenge in achieving high detectivity in PPDs is lowering the dark current density (JD) and noise current (in). This is commonly accomplished using charge-blocking layers to reduce charge injection. By analyzing the temperature dependence of JD for lead-tin based PPDs with different bandgaps and electron-blocking layers (EBL), we demonstrate that while EBLs eliminate electron injection, they facilitate undesired thermal charge generation at the EBL-perovskite interface. The interfacial energy offset between the EBL and the perovskite determines the magnitude and activation energy of JD. By increasing this offset we realized a PPD with ultralow JD and in of 5 × 10-8 mA cm-2 and 2 × 10-14 A Hz-1/2, respectively, and wavelength sensitivity up to 1050 nm, establishing a new design principle to maximize detectivity in perovskite photodiodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Ollearo
- grid.6852.90000 0004 0398 8763Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Junke Wang
- grid.6852.90000 0004 0398 8763Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew J. Dyson
- grid.6852.90000 0004 0398 8763Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Christ H. L. Weijtens
- grid.6852.90000 0004 0398 8763Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Fattori
- grid.6852.90000 0004 0398 8763Integrated Circuits, Departments of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Bas T. van Gorkom
- grid.6852.90000 0004 0398 8763Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J. J. M. van Breemen
- grid.500333.60000 0004 0581 2681TNO at Holst Centre, High Tech Campus 31, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan C. J. Meskers
- grid.6852.90000 0004 0398 8763Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - René A. J. Janssen
- grid.6852.90000 0004 0398 8763Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands ,grid.434188.20000 0000 8700 504XDutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, De Zaale 20, 5612 AJ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Gerwin H. Gelinck
- grid.6852.90000 0004 0398 8763Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands ,grid.500333.60000 0004 0581 2681TNO at Holst Centre, High Tech Campus 31, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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27
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Investigating the Sequential Deposition Route for Mixed Cation Mixed Halide Wide Bandgap Perovskite Absorber Layer. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14248401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Wide bandgap (Eg) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are emerging as the preferred choice for top cells in a tandem architecture with crystalline silicon solar cells. Among the wide bandgap perovskites, a mixed cation mixed halide composition containing CsyFA1-yPbI3−xBrx is a popular choice because the presence of bromine widens the bandgap and addition of cesium stabilizes the crystal structure. These perovskite layers are commonly fabricated using one-step spin coating technique; however, sequential spin coating followed by dip coating has been successful in offering better control over the crystallization process for low bandgap absorber layers. In this paper, the fabrication of a Cs0.2FA0.8PbI3−xBrx perovskite absorber layer using the sequential deposition route is reported. The concentration of bromine was varied in the range 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 and optical, structural, and morphological properties of the films were studied. As the concentration was increased, the perovskite showed better crystallinity and the presence of large grains with high surface roughness, indicating the formation of the CsPbBr3 phase. Optically, the perovskite films exhibited higher absorbance in the ultraviolet (UV) range between 300 and 500 nm, hence up to x = 0.3 they can be profitably employed as a wide bandgap photon absorber layer in solar cell applications.
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28
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Wu X, Li B, Zhu Z, Chueh CC, Jen AKY. Designs from single junctions, heterojunctions to multijunctions for high-performance perovskite solar cells. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:13090-13128. [PMID: 34676850 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00841b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid metal-halide perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) have drawn unprecedented attention during the last decade due to their superior photovoltaic performance, facile and low-cost fabrication, and potential for roll-to-roll mass production and application for portable devices. Through collective composition, interface, and process engineering, a comprehensive understanding of the structure-property relationship and carrier dynamics of perovskites has been established to help achieve a very high certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.5%. Apart from material properties, the modified heterojunction design and device configuration evolution also play crucial roles in enhancing the efficiency. The adoption and/or modification of heterojunction structures have been demonstrated to effectively suppress the carrier recombination and potential losses in PVSCs. Moreover, the employment of multijunction structures has been shown to reduce thermalization losses, achieving a high PCE of 29.52% in perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. Therefore, understanding the evolution of the device configuration of PVSCs from single junction, heterojunction to multijunction designs is helpful for the researchers in this field to further boost the PCE beyond 30%. Herein, we summarize the evolution and progress of the single junction, heterojunction and multijunction designs for high-performance PVSCs. A comprehensive review of the fundamentals and working principles of these designs is presented. We first introduce the basic working principles of single junction PVSCs and the intrinsic properties (such as crystallinity and defects) in perovskite films. Afterwards, the progress of diverse heterojunction designs and perovskite-based multijunction solar cells is synopsized and reviewed. Meanwhile, the challenges and strategies to further enhance the performance are also summarized. At the end, the perspectives on the future development of perovskite-based solar cells are provided. We hope this review can provide the readers with a quick catchup on this emerging solution-processable photovoltaic technology, which is currently at the transition stage towards commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong.
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Zonglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong. .,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Chu-Chen Chueh
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong.,Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
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29
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Kim M, Jun H, Lee H, Nahdi H, Tondelier D, Bonnassieux Y, Bourée J, Geffroy B. Halide Ion Migration and its Role at the Interfaces in Perovskite Solar Cells. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minjin Kim
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau France
| | - Haeyeon Jun
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau France
- Synchrotron SOLEIL L'Orme des Merisiers Saint-Aubin BP 48 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
| | - Heejae Lee
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau France
| | - Hindia Nahdi
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau France
- SEGULA Technologies 19 Rue d'Arras 92000 Nanterre France
| | - Denis Tondelier
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau France
| | - Yvan Bonnassieux
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau France
| | - Jean‐Éric Bourée
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau France
| | - Bernard Geffroy
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, LICSEN 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
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30
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Verduci R, Agresti A, Romano V, D’Angelo G. Interface Engineering for Perovskite Solar Cells Based on 2D-Materials: A Physics Point of View. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14195843. [PMID: 34640240 PMCID: PMC8510142 DOI: 10.3390/ma14195843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The last decade has witnessed the advance of metal halide perovskites as a promising low-cost and efficient class of light harvesters used in solar cells (SCs). Remarkably, the efficiency of lab-scale perovskite solar cells (PSCs) reached a power conversion efficiency of 25.5% in just ~10 years of research, rivalling the current record of 26.1% for Si-based PVs. To further boost the performances of PSCs, the use of 2D materials (such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides and transition metal carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides) has been proposed, thanks to their remarkable optoelectronic properties (that can be tuned with proper chemical composition engineering) and chemical stability. In particular, 2D materials have been demonstrated as promising candidates for (i) accelerating hot carrier transfer across the interfaces between the perovskite and the charge extraction layers; (ii) improving the crystallization of the perovskite layers (when used as additives in the precursor solution); (iii) favoring electronic bands alignment through tuning of the work function. In this mini-review, we discuss the physical mechanisms underlying the increased efficiency of 2D material-based PSCs, focusing on the three aforementioned effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Verduci
- Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Antonio Agresti
- C.H.O.S.E. (Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy), Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (V.R.)
| | - Valentino Romano
- Department of Mathematical and Computer Science, Physical Sciences and Earth Sciences (MIFT), University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (V.R.)
| | - Giovanna D’Angelo
- Department of Mathematical and Computer Science, Physical Sciences and Earth Sciences (MIFT), University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
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31
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Ricciardulli AG, Yang S, Smet JH, Saliba M. Emerging perovskite monolayers. NATURE MATERIALS 2021; 20:1325-1336. [PMID: 34112976 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-01029-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The library of two-dimensional (2D) materials has been enriched over recent years with novel crystal architectures endowed with diverse exciting functionalities. Bulk perovskites, including metal-halide and oxide systems, provide access to a myriad of properties through molecular engineering. Their tunable electronic structure offers remarkable features from long carrier-diffusion lengths and high absorption coefficients in metal-halide perovskites to high-temperature superconductivity, magnetoresistance and ferroelectricity in oxide perovskites. Emboldened by the 2D materials research, perovskites down to the monolayer limit have recently emerged. Like other 2D species, perovskites with reduced dimensionality are expected to exhibit new physics and to herald next-generation multifunctional devices. In this Review, we critically assess the preliminary studies on the synthetic routes and inherent properties of monolayer perovskite materials. We also discuss how to exploit them for widespread applications and provide an outlook on the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead for this enticing class of 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gaetano Ricciardulli
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sheng Yang
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Jurgen H Smet
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Michael Saliba
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.
- Institute for Photovoltaics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
- Helmholtz Young Investigator Group FRONTRUNNER, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
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Kuan CH, Kuo PT, Shen HH, Hou CH, Shyue JJ, Huang LJ, Lin CF. Sandwich Evaporation-Solvent Annealing Fabrication of Highly Crystalline MAPbI xCl 3-x Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:45355-45364. [PMID: 34543005 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c08780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Perovskites doped with chlorine (Cl-), which are usually fabricated using the solution process, can effectively improve the stability and carrier mobility. Compared with the low tolerance of the solution process that relies mostly on personal skill, thermal evaporation is an important method for large-scale production of perovskite solar cells but the production cost is high. In this study, the sandwich evaporation-solvent annealing (SE-SA) method is proposed. Using sandwich evaporation with a low-cost chamber of the sandwich evaporation technique (SET) made in the laboratory and with the help of DMSO steam-assisted crystallization, we have successfully produced chlorine-containing perovskite solar cells with a high crystallinity and a high efficiency of 15.1% with Voc = 0.98 V, Jsc = 21.94 mA/cm2, FF = 74.29%, and Rs = 3.66 Ω·cm2, which can greatly reduce the production cost. It is worth mentioning that all the processes are carried out outside a glove box, which makes it possible for large-scale production of chlorine-containing perovskite solar cells by evaporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hsiao Kuan
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Po-Tsun Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Hung Shen
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hung Hou
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Jong Shyue
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jen Huang
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Fuh Lin
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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33
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Wang KL, Zhou YH, Lou YH, Wang ZK. Perovskite indoor photovoltaics: opportunity and challenges. Chem Sci 2021; 12:11936-11954. [PMID: 34667561 PMCID: PMC8457370 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03251h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoTs), photovoltaics (PVs) has a vast market supply gap of billion dollars. Moreover, it also puts forward new requirements for the development of indoor photovoltaic devices (IPVs). In recent years, PVs represented by organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs), silicon solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), etc. considered for use in IoTs mechanisms have also been extensively investigated. However, there are few reports on the indoor applications of perovskite devices, even though it has the advantages of better performance. In fact, perovskite has the advantages of better bandgap adjustability, lower cost, and easier preparation of large-area on flexible substrates, compared with other types of IPVs. This review starts from the development status of IoTs and investigates the cost, technology, and future trends of IPVs. We believe that perovskite photovoltaics is more suitable for indoor applications and review some strategies for fabricating high-performance perovskite indoor photovoltaic devices (IPVs). Finally, we also put forward a perspective for the long-term development of perovskite IPVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Li Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Yu-Hang Zhou
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Yan-Hui Lou
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations, Soochow University Suzhou 215006 China
| | - Zhao-Kui Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
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34
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Kotwica K, Wielgus I, Proń A. Azaacenes Based Electroactive Materials: Preparation, Structure, Electrochemistry, Spectroscopy and Applications-A Critical Review. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14185155. [PMID: 34576378 PMCID: PMC8472324 DOI: 10.3390/ma14185155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This short critical review is devoted to the synthesis and functionalization of various types of azaacenes, organic semiconducting compounds which can be considered as promising materials for the fabrication of n-channel or ambipolar field effect transistors (FETs), components of active layers in light emitting diodes (LEDs), components of organic memory devices and others. Emphasis is put on the diversity of azaacenes preparation methods and the possibility of tuning their redox and spectroscopic properties by changing the C/N ratio, modifying the nitrogen atoms distribution mode, functionalization with electroaccepting or electrodonating groups and changing their molecular shape. Processability, structural features and degradation pathways of these compounds are also discussed. A unique feature of this review concerns the listed redox potentials of all discussed compounds which were normalized vs. Fc/Fc+. This required, in frequent cases, recalculation of the originally reported data in which these potentials were determined against different types of reference electrodes. The same applied to all reported electron affinities (EAs). EA values calculated using different methods were recalculated by applying the method of Sworakowski and co-workers (Org. Electron. 2016, 33, 300-310) to yield, for the first time, a set of normalized data, which could be directly compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Kotwica
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Ireneusz Wielgus
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warszawa, Poland; (I.W.); (A.P.)
| | - Adam Proń
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warszawa, Poland; (I.W.); (A.P.)
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35
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Cheng Z, Gao C, Song J, Ding D, Chen Y, Wang J, Zhang D, Chen L, Wang X, Yang Z, Liu F, Liu H, Shen W. Interfacial and Permeating Modification Effect of n-type Non-fullerene Acceptors toward High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:40778-40787. [PMID: 34415737 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c13447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Interface passivation in the electron transport layer (ETL) has emerged as a very important and challenging topic for the improvement of stability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, we introduce the n-type small organic molecule Y6 that acts as an effective ETL modifier through surface engineering. As a result, the simple PCBM + Y6 ETL led to significantly stronger light absorption, higher electron extraction ability and transportability, and reduced recombination loss in regular MAPbI3 PSCs. The power conversion efficiency can be significantly increased from 17.39 to 20.02% in inverted p-i-n MAPbI3 PSCs without additional alternation, with an increment of over 15%, along with higher open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current. What is more, the devices with the Y6-modified ETL also exhibited better long-term stability compared to the control devices. This indicates the feasibility of enhancing absorption over a wider light spectrum in a single-junction cell and gaining a comprehensive understanding of interface engineering between the ETL and perovskite layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Institute of Solar Energy, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Chao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Institute of Solar Energy, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jingnan Song
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Dong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Institute of Solar Energy, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Institute of Solar Energy, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jiayuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Institute of Solar Energy, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Dezhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Institute of Solar Energy, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Liyan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Institute of Solar Energy, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Institute of Solar Energy, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zhibin Yang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Institute of Solar Energy, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wenzhong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Institute of Solar Energy, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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36
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Yan Y, Liu C, Yang Y, Hu G, Tiwari V, Jiang DE, Peng W, Jha A, Duan HG, Tellkamp F, Ding Y, Shi W, Yuan S, Miller D, Ma W, Zhao J. Fundamental Flaw in the Current Construction of the TiO 2 Electron Transport Layer of Perovskite Solar Cells and Its Elimination. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:39371-39378. [PMID: 34433247 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The top-performing perovskite solar cells (efficiency > 20%) generally rely on the use of a nanocrystal TiO2 electron transport layer (ETL). However, the efficacies and stability of the current stereotypically prepared TiO2 ETLs employing commercially available TiO2 nanocrystal paste are far from their maximum values. As revealed herein, the long-hidden reason for this discrepancy is that acidic protons (∼0.11 wt %) always remain in TiO2 ETLs after high-temperature sintering due to the decomposition of the organic proton solvent (mostly alcohol). These protons readily lead to the formation of Ti-H species upon light irradiation, which act to block the electron transfer at the perovskite/TiO2 interface. Affront this challenge, we introduced a simple deprotonation protocol by adding a small amount of strong proton acceptors (sodium ethoxide or NaOH) into the common TiO2 nanocrystal paste precursor and replicated the high-temperature sintering process, which wiped out nearly all protons in TiO2 ETLs during the sintering process. The use of deprotonated TiO2 ETLs not only promotes the PCE of both MAPbI3-based and FA0.85MA0.15PbI2.55Br0.45-based devices over 20% but also significantly improves the long-term photostability of the target devices upon 1000 h of continuous operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, No. 301, Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- The Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Guoxiang Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College of the City University of New York, Queens, New York 11367, United States
| | - Vandana Tiwari
- The Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 6, Hamburg 20146, Germany
| | - De-En Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Wei Peng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ajay Jha
- The Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, U.K
- Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - Hong-Guang Duan
- The Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universitat Hamburg, Jungiusstraße 9, Hamburg 20355, Germany
- The Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of Toronto, 80 Street George Street, Toronto M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Friedjof Tellkamp
- The Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Yong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Weidong Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, No. 301, Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Shouqi Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, No. 301, Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Dwayne Miller
- The Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- The Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of Toronto, 80 Street George Street, Toronto M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Wanhong Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jincai Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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37
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Kim BJ, Boschloo G. Beneficial effects of cesium acetate in the sequential deposition method for perovskite solar cells. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:11478-11487. [PMID: 34165116 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr01281a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The cesium cation (Cs+) is widely used as a dopant for highly efficient and stable formamidinium lead tri-halide perovskite (FAPbX3, X = I, Br, Cl) solar cells. Herein, we introduce a small amount of cesium acetate (CsAc) that can effectively stabilize FAMAPbI3 under thermal- and light illumination-stress. We show that incorporated Cs+ leads to relaxation of strain in the perovskite layer, and that Ac- forms a strong intermediate phase with PbI2, which can help the intercalation of the PbI2 film with Cs+ and cation halide (FAI, MAI, MACl) in the sequential deposition process. The addition of CsAc reduces the trap density in the resulting perovskite layers and extends their carrier lifetime. The CsAc-modified perovskite solar cells show less hysteresis phenomena and enhanced operational and thermal stability in ambient conditions. Our findings provide insight into how dopants and synthesis precursors play an important role in efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong Jo Kim
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Physical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Gerrit Boschloo
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Physical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.
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38
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The Effects of Temperature on the Growth of a Lead-Free Perovskite-Like (CH 3NH 3) 3Sb 2Br 9 Single Crystal for An MSM Photodetector Application. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21134475. [PMID: 34208881 PMCID: PMC8271485 DOI: 10.3390/s21134475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We have fabricated a photodetector based on (CH3NH3)3Sb2Br9 (MA3Sb2Br9) lead-free perovskite-like single crystal, which plays an important role in the optoelectronic characteristics of the photodetector as a perovskite-like photosensitive layer. Here, MA3Sb2Br9 single crystals were synthesized by an inverse temperature crystallization process with a precursor solution at three different growth temperatures, 60 °C, 80 °C, and 100 °C. As a result, a MA3Sb2Br9 single crystal with an optimum growth temperature of 60 °C presented a low trap density of 2.63 × 1011 cm-3, a high charge carrier mobility of 0.75 cm2 V-1 s-1, and excellent crystal structure and optical absorption properties. This MA3Sb2Br9 perovskite-like photodetector displayed a low dark current of 8.09 × 10-9 A, high responsivity of 0.113 A W-1, and high detectivity of 4.32 × 1011 Jones.
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Yu SK, Zhang ZR, Ren ZH, Zhai HL, Zhu QY, Dai J. 2D Lead Iodide Perovskite with Mercaptan-Containing Amine and Its Exceptional Water Stability. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:9132-9140. [PMID: 34081433 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two dimensional (2D) hybrid perovskites have attracted a great deal of interest because of their appropriate photovoltaic efficiency and environmental stability. Although some 2D hybrid perovskites with sulfur-containing amines have been reported, the cation having the mercaptan group has not been well explored yet. In this work, cysteamine (Cya, HS(CH2)2NH2), a mercaptan-containing amine, was introduced into 2D hybrid perovskite. Two 2D lead iodides with different structures, (HCya)2PbI4 (1) and (HCya)7Pb4I15 (2), were isolated as a red low-temperature phase and a yellow high-temperature phase, respectively. X-ray single-crystal structural analysis showed that the red phase 1 is a single layered corner-shared perovskite and that the yellow phase 2 is a corner/edge-shared quasi-2D perovskite. A thermo-induced reversible 1 to 2 phase transition was found in this synthetic system. The configuration of HCya cation greatly influences the crystallization equilibrium, generating different structures of the lead halides. The single-crystal structure of 1 is discussed in comparison with that of (HAE)2PbI4 (AE = HO(CH2)2NH2), an analogue of 1. The different effects of OH and SH groups on the 2D frameworks are studied based on their hydrogen bonding properties. More remarkably, although the two perovskites have similar structures, the (HCya)2PbI4 (1) has an intrinsic water stability that is much more stable than (HAE)2PbI4, which should be attributed to the affinity of the SH group with lead on the surface of the lead halide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-Kang Yu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Ruo Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou-Hong Ren
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang-Ling Zhai
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin-Yu Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Dai
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
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40
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Xia X, Peng J, Wan Q, Wang X, Fan Z, Zhao J, Li F. Functionalized Ionic Liquid-Crystal Additive for Perovskite Solar Cells with High Efficiency and Excellent Moisture Stability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:17677-17689. [PMID: 33844907 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c02728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a promising candidate for next-generation solar cells. However, the limited stability of PSCs hampers their practical applications. In this work, for the first time, a functionalized π-conjugated ionic liquid crystal (ILC), 4'-(N,N,N-trimethyl ammonium bromide hexyloxy)-4-cyanobiphenyl (6CNBP-N), is developed as a novel chemical additive to obtain CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) PSCs with high efficiency and excellent moisture stability. This 6CNBP-N ILC possesses the characteristics of ionic liquids and liquid crystals. The inclusion of the 6CNBP-N ILC can effectively improve the quality and stability of perovskite films, reduce the trap-state densities, and promote the carrier transport induced by the cyano group (C≡N), a rod-like π-conjugated biphenyl mesogenic unit and quaternary alkylammonium cations (R4N+) in 6CNBP-N. Through this functionalized ILC engineering strategy, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs is greatly increased from 18.07% for the control PSC to 20.45% for the PSC with 6CNBP-N along with the depressed hysteresis effect and enhanced moisture stability of PSCs. Our work provides a new strategy for designing functionalized additives for high-performance PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Xia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Jiayi Peng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Qixin Wan
- Key Laboratory for Optoelectronics and Communication of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zhiping Fan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China
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Liu R, Peng X, Han X, Mak CH, Cheng KC, Permatasari Santoso S, Shen HH, Ruan Q, Cao F, Yu ET, Chu PK, Hsu HY. Cost-effective liquid-junction solar devices with plasma-implanted Ni/TiN/CNF hierarchically structured nanofibers. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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42
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Romano V, Najafi L, Sutanto AA, Schileo G, Queloz V, Bellani S, Prato M, Marras S, Nazeeruddin MK, D'Angelo G, Bonaccorso F, Grancini G. Two-Step Thermal Annealing: An Effective Route for 15 % Efficient Quasi-2D Perovskite Solar Cells. Chempluschem 2021; 86:1044-1048. [PMID: 33665981 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Low-dimensional perovskites (LDP) are nowadays recognized as promising materials for the realization of highly performing photovoltaic cells. However, issues related to film morphology, composition, crystal quality and material homogeneity limit the device performances and reproducibility. In this work, we implement a robust method for the deposition of a LDP mixing methylammonium (MA) and phenylethylammonium (PEA) cations to create the mixed system (PEA)2 MA39 Pb40 I121 by using a two-step thermal annealing treatment (at 60 and 100 °C). Our approach results in LDP films with high crystal quality and enhanced carrier lifetime, which double the power conversion efficiency of reference devices, reaching up to 15 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentino Romano
- Department MIFT, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, S. Agata, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Leyla Najafi
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
- BeDimensional Spa, Via Lungotorrente Secca 3D, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Albertus Adrian Sutanto
- Group of molecular Engineering of Functional Materials Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Valais Wallis, Rue de l'Industrie 17, Sion, CH-1951, Switzerland
| | - Giorgio Schileo
- Department of Chemistry and INSTM, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 14, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Valentin Queloz
- Group of molecular Engineering of Functional Materials Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Valais Wallis, Rue de l'Industrie 17, Sion, CH-1951, Switzerland
| | - Sebastiano Bellani
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
- BeDimensional Spa, Via Lungotorrente Secca 3D, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Mirko Prato
- Materials Characterization Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Sergio Marras
- Materials Characterization Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Group of molecular Engineering of Functional Materials Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Valais Wallis, Rue de l'Industrie 17, Sion, CH-1951, Switzerland
| | - Giovanna D'Angelo
- Department MIFT, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, S. Agata, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Bonaccorso
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
- BeDimensional Spa, Via Lungotorrente Secca 3D, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Giulia Grancini
- Department of Chemistry and INSTM, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 14, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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43
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Cui X, Wang P, Shi B, Zhao Y, Zhang X. Insights into the effect of bromine‐based organic salts on the efficiency and stability of wide bandgap perovskite. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202000183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Cui
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center Solar Energy Conversion Center Nankai University Tianjin P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin Tianjin P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin P.R. China
| | - Pengyang Wang
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center Solar Energy Conversion Center Nankai University Tianjin P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin Tianjin P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin P.R. China
| | - Biao Shi
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center Solar Energy Conversion Center Nankai University Tianjin P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin Tianjin P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center Solar Energy Conversion Center Nankai University Tianjin P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin Tianjin P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin P.R. China
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center Solar Energy Conversion Center Nankai University Tianjin P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin Tianjin P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin P.R. China
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44
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Preparation and Properties of Films of Organic-Inorganic Perovskites MAPbX3 (MA = CH3NH3; X = Cl, Br, I) for Solar Cells: A Review. THEOR EXP CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11237-021-09666-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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45
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Wang HP, Li S, Liu X, Shi Z, Fang X, He JH. Low-Dimensional Metal Halide Perovskite Photodetectors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2003309. [PMID: 33346383 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202003309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have been a hot research topic due to their facile synthesis, excellent optical and optoelectronic properties, and record-breaking efficiency of corresponding optoelectronic devices. Nowadays, the development of miniaturized high-performance photodetectors (PDs) has been fueling the demand for novel photoactive materials, among which low-dimensional MHPs have attracted burgeoning research interest. In this report, the synthesis, properties, photodetection performance, and stability of low-dimensional MHPs, including 0D, 1D, 2D layered and nonlayered nanostructures, as well as their heterostructures are reviewed. Recent advances in the synthesis approaches of low-dimensional MHPs are summarized and the key concepts for understanding the optical and optoelectronic properties related to the PD applications of low-dimensional MHPs are introduced. More importantly, recent progress in novel PDs based on low-dimensional MHPs is presented, and strategies for improving the performance and stability of perovskite PDs are highlighted. By discussing recent advances, strategies, and existing challenges, this progress report provides perspectives on low-dimensional MHP-based PDs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ping Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Siyuan Li
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xinya Liu
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zhifeng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Xiaosheng Fang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jr-Hau He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Banin U, Waiskopf N, Hammarström L, Boschloo G, Freitag M, Johansson EMJ, Sá J, Tian H, Johnston MB, Herz LM, Milot RL, Kanatzidis MG, Ke W, Spanopoulos I, Kohlstedt KL, Schatz GC, Lewis N, Meyer T, Nozik AJ, Beard MC, Armstrong F, Megarity CF, Schmuttenmaer CA, Batista VS, Brudvig GW. Nanotechnology for catalysis and solar energy conversion. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:042003. [PMID: 33155576 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abbce8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This roadmap on Nanotechnology for Catalysis and Solar Energy Conversion focuses on the application of nanotechnology in addressing the current challenges of energy conversion: 'high efficiency, stability, safety, and the potential for low-cost/scalable manufacturing' to quote from the contributed article by Nathan Lewis. This roadmap focuses on solar-to-fuel conversion, solar water splitting, solar photovoltaics and bio-catalysis. It includes dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), perovskite solar cells, and organic photovoltaics. Smart engineering of colloidal quantum materials and nanostructured electrodes will improve solar-to-fuel conversion efficiency, as described in the articles by Waiskopf and Banin and Meyer. Semiconductor nanoparticles will also improve solar energy conversion efficiency, as discussed by Boschloo et al in their article on DSSCs. Perovskite solar cells have advanced rapidly in recent years, including new ideas on 2D and 3D hybrid halide perovskites, as described by Spanopoulos et al 'Next generation' solar cells using multiple exciton generation (MEG) from hot carriers, described in the article by Nozik and Beard, could lead to remarkable improvement in photovoltaic efficiency by using quantization effects in semiconductor nanostructures (quantum dots, wires or wells). These challenges will not be met without simultaneous improvement in nanoscale characterization methods. Terahertz spectroscopy, discussed in the article by Milot et al is one example of a method that is overcoming the difficulties associated with nanoscale materials characterization by avoiding electrical contacts to nanoparticles, allowing characterization during device operation, and enabling characterization of a single nanoparticle. Besides experimental advances, computational science is also meeting the challenges of nanomaterials synthesis. The article by Kohlstedt and Schatz discusses the computational frameworks being used to predict structure-property relationships in materials and devices, including machine learning methods, with an emphasis on organic photovoltaics. The contribution by Megarity and Armstrong presents the 'electrochemical leaf' for improvements in electrochemistry and beyond. In addition, biohybrid approaches can take advantage of efficient and specific enzyme catalysts. These articles present the nanoscience and technology at the forefront of renewable energy development that will have significant benefits to society.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Banin
- The Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - N Waiskopf
- The Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - L Hammarström
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - G Boschloo
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M Freitag
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - E M J Johansson
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Sá
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - H Tian
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M B Johnston
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - L M Herz
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - R L Milot
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - M G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States of America
| | - W Ke
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States of America
| | - I Spanopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States of America
| | - K L Kohlstedt
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States of America
| | - G C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States of America
| | - N Lewis
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Beckman Institute, 210 Noyes Laboratory, 127-72 California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States of America
| | - T Meyer
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Chemistry, United States of America
| | - A J Nozik
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, United States of America
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Department of Chemistry, 80309, United States of America
| | - M C Beard
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, United States of America
| | - F Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C F Megarity
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C A Schmuttenmaer
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St, New Haven, CT, 06520-8107, United States of America
| | - V S Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St, New Haven, CT, 06520-8107, United States of America
| | - G W Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St, New Haven, CT, 06520-8107, United States of America
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47
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Jiang X, Wang K, Wang H, Duan L, Du M, Wang L, Cao Y, Liu L, Pang S, Liu S(F. Nanoconfined Crystallization for High‐Efficiency Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells. SMALL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202000054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jiang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China
| | - Kai Wang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China
| | - Hui Wang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China
| | - Lianjie Duan
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China
| | - Minyong Du
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China
| | - Likun Wang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China
| | - Yuexian Cao
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China
| | - Lu Liu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China
| | - Shuping Pang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266101 China
| | - Shengzhong (Frank) Liu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology Institute for Advanced Energy Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
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48
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Di Liberto G, Fatale O, Pacchioni G. Role of surface termination and quantum size in α-CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) 2D nanostructures for solar light harvesting. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:3031-3040. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06245f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Quantum confinement of CsPbBr3 nanoplatelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Di Liberto
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali
- Università di Milano – Bicocca
- 20125 Milano
- Italy
| | - Ornella Fatale
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali
- Università di Milano – Bicocca
- 20125 Milano
- Italy
- Università di Pisa
| | - Gianfranco Pacchioni
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali
- Università di Milano – Bicocca
- 20125 Milano
- Italy
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49
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Mao W, Hall CR, Bernardi S, Cheng YB, Widmer-Cooper A, Smith TA, Bach U. Light-induced reversal of ion segregation in mixed-halide perovskites. NATURE MATERIALS 2021; 20:55-61. [PMID: 33077949 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-020-00826-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bandgap instability due to light-induced phase segregation in mixed-halide perovskites presents a major challenge for their future commercial use. Here we demonstrate that photoinduced halide-ion segregation can be completely reversed at sufficiently high illumination intensities, enabling control of the optical bandgap of a mixed-halide perovskite single crystal by optimizing the input photogenerated carrier density. We develop a polaron-based two-dimensional lattice model that rationalizes the experimentally observed phenomena by assuming that the driving force for photoinduced halide segregation is dependent on carrier-induced strain gradients that vanish at high carrier densities. Using illumination sources with different excitation intensities, we demonstrate write-read-erase experiments showing that it is possible to store information in the form of latent images over several minutes. The ability to control the local halide-ion composition with light intensity opens opportunities for the use of mixed-halide perovskites in concentrator and tandem solar cells, as well as in high-power light-emissive devices and optical memory applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Mao
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- The Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher R Hall
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stefano Bernardi
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yi-Bing Cheng
- The Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Asaph Widmer-Cooper
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Trevor A Smith
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Udo Bach
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
- The Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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50
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Wen F, Tian L, Zhang W, Zhou X, Lin P, Zhou S, Du L, Hou T, Yu W, Yu L, Duan G, Peng C, Ma Z, Zhang M, Li H, Huang Y. High-temperature inverted annealing for efficient perovskite photovoltaics. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00914a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
High-quality perovskite films with large grains and reduced surface defects were obtained via an inverted annealing process. Corresponding photovoltaic devices achieved a highest efficiency of 20.4% with a stabilized power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.8%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wen
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Liuwen Tian
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Xiangqing Zhou
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Puan Lin
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Shenghou Zhou
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Lin Du
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Tian Hou
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Wenjing Yu
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Lang Yu
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Gongtao Duan
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Changtao Peng
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Zhu Ma
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Haijin Li
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Yuelong Huang
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
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