1
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Mao A, Li J, Li JH, Liu H, Lian C. Reducing Overpotential of Lithium-Oxygen Batteries by Diatomic Metal Catalyst Orbital Matching Strategy. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:5501-5509. [PMID: 38749012 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Aprotic Li-O2 batteries have sparked attention in recent years due to their ultrahigh theoretical energy density. Nevertheless, their practical implementation is impeded by the sluggish reaction kinetics at the cathode. Comprehending the catalytic mechanisms is pivotal to developing efficient cathode catalysts for high-performance Li-O2 batteries. Herein, the intrinsic activity map of Li-O2 batteries is established based on the specific adsorption mode of O2 induced by diatomic catalyst orbital matching and the transfer-acceptance-backdonation mechanism, and the four-step screening strategy based on the intrinsic activity map is proposed. Guided by the strategy, FeNi@NC and FeCu@NC promising durable stability with a low overpotential are screened out from 27 Fe-Metal diatomic catalysts. Our research not only provides insights into the fundamental understanding of the reaction mechanism of Li-O2 batteries but also accelerates the rational design of efficient Li-O2 batteries based on the structure-activity relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aixiang Mao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Hui Li
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Honglai Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Lian
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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2
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Yan Q, Yan L, Huang H, Chen Z, Liu Z, Zhou S, He H. Effects of Central Metal Ion on Binuclear Metal Phthalocyanine-Based Redox Mediator for Lithium Carbonate Decomposition. Molecules 2024; 29:2034. [PMID: 38731525 PMCID: PMC11085934 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Li2CO3 is the most tenacious parasitic solid-state product in lithium-air batteries (LABs). Developing suitable redox mediators (RMs) is an efficient way to address the Li2CO3 issue, but only a few RMs have been investigated to date, and their mechanism of action also remains elusive. Herein, we investigate the effects of the central metal ion in binuclear metal phthalocyanines on the catalysis of Li2CO3 decomposition, namely binuclear cobalt phthalocyanine (bi-CoPc) and binuclear cobalt manganese phthalocyanine (bi-CoMnPc). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that the key intermediate peroxydicarbonate (*C2O62-) is stabilized by bi-CoPc2+ and bi-CoMnPc3+, which is accountable for their excellent catalytic effects. With one central metal ion substituted by manganese for cobalt, the bi-CoMnPc's second active redox couple shifts from the second Co(II)/Co(III) couple in the central metal ion to the Pc(-2)/Pc(-1) couple in the phthalocyanine ring. In artificial dry air (N2-O2, 78:22, v/v), the LAB cell with bi-CoMnPc in electrolyte exhibited 261 cycles under a fixed capacity of 500 mAh g-1carbon and current density of 100 mA g-1carbon, significantly better than the RM-free cell (62 cycles) and the cell with bi-CoPc (193 cycles).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghui Yan
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China;
| | - Linghui Yan
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Haoshen Huang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China; (H.H.); (Z.C.)
| | - Zhengfei Chen
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China; (H.H.); (Z.C.)
| | - Zixuan Liu
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China; (H.H.); (Z.C.)
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China;
| | - Shaodong Zhou
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Haiyong He
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China;
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3
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Phelan CE, Björklund E, Singh J, Fraser M, Didwal PN, Rees GJ, Ruff Z, Ferrer P, Grinter DC, Grey CP, Weatherup RS. Role of Salt Concentration in Stabilizing Charged Ni-Rich Cathode Interfaces in Li-Ion Batteries. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2024; 36:3334-3344. [PMID: 38617803 PMCID: PMC11008099 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.4c00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) in Li-ion batteries plays a key role in suppressing undesired side reactions while facilitating Li-ion transport. Ni-rich layered cathode materials offer improved energy densities, but their high interfacial reactivities can negatively impact the cycle life and rate performance. Here we investigate the role of electrolyte salt concentration, specifically LiPF6 (0.5-5 m), in altering the interfacial reactivity of charged LiN0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811) cathodes in standard carbonate-based electrolytes (EC/EMC vol %/vol % 3:7). Extended potential holds of NMC811/Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) cells reveal that the parasitic electrolyte oxidation currents observed are strongly dependent on the electrolyte salt concentration. X-ray photoelectron and absorption spectroscopy (XPS/XAS) reveal that a thicker LixPOyFz-/LiF-rich CEI is formed in the higher concentration electrolytes. This suppresses reactions with solvent molecules resulting in a thinner, or less-dense, reduced surface layer (RSL) with lower charge transfer resistance and lower oxidation currents at high potentials. The thicker CEI also limits access of acidic species to the RSL suppressing transition-metal dissolution into the electrolyte, as confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). This provides insight into the main degradation processes occurring at Ni-rich cathode interfaces in contact with carbonate-based electrolytes and how electrolyte formulation can help to mitigate these.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor
M. E. Phelan
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, U.K.
| | - Erik Björklund
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, U.K.
- The
Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science
and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
| | - Jasper Singh
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, U.K.
| | - Michael Fraser
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, U.K.
- The
Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science
and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
| | - Pravin N. Didwal
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, U.K.
- The
Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science
and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
| | - Gregory J. Rees
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, U.K.
- The
Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science
and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
| | - Zachary Ruff
- The
Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science
and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Pilar Ferrer
- Diamond
Light Source, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, U.K.
| | | | - Clare P. Grey
- The
Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science
and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Robert S. Weatherup
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, U.K.
- The
Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science
and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
- Diamond
Light Source, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, U.K.
- Research
Complex at Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, U.K.
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4
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Mishra A, Zorigt M, Kim DO, Rodríguez-López J. Voltammetric Detection of Singlet Oxygen Enabled by Nanogap Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8847-8851. [PMID: 38511940 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Despite the significance of singlet oxygen (1O2) in several biological, chemical, and energy storage systems, its voltammetric reduction at an electrode remains unreported. We address this issue using nanogap scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) in substrate-generation/tip-collection mode. Our investigation reveals a reductive process on the SECM tip at -1.0 V (vs Fc+/Fc) during the breakdown of the Li2CO3 substrate in deuterated acetonitrile. Notably, this value is approximately 0.9 V more positive than the reduction potential of triplet oxygen (3O2), consistent with thermodynamic estimates for the energy of the formation of 1O2. This finding holds significant implications for understanding the reaction mechanisms involving 1O2 in nonaqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhiroop Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Michelle Zorigt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Dong Ok Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Joaquín Rodríguez-López
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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5
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Liu Y, Zhang Z, Tan J, Chen B, Lu B, Mao R, Liu B, Wang D, Zhou G, Cheng HM. Deciphering the contributing motifs of reconstructed cobalt (II) sulfides catalysts in Li-CO 2 batteries. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2167. [PMID: 38461148 PMCID: PMC10924882 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46465-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing highly efficient catalysts is significant for Li-CO2 batteries. However, understanding the exact structure of catalysts during battery operation remains a challenge, which hampers knowledge-driven optimization. Here we use X-ray absorption spectroscopy to probe the reconstruction of CoSx (x = 8/9, 1.097, and 2) pre-catalysts and identify the local geometric ligand environment of cobalt during cycling in the Li-CO2 batteries. We find that different oxidized states after reconstruction are decisive to battery performance. Specifically, complete oxidation on CoS1.097 and Co9S8 leads to electrochemical performance deterioration, while oxidation on CoS2 terminates with Co-S4-O2 motifs, leading to improved activity. Density functional theory calculations show that partial oxidation contributes to charge redistributions on cobalt and thus facilitates the catalytic ability. Together, the spectroscopic and electrochemical results provide valuable insight into the structural evolution during cycling and the structure-activity relationship in the electrocatalyst study of Li-CO2 batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Liu
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Junyang Tan
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Biao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Bingyi Lu
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Rui Mao
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Bilu Liu
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Dashuai Wang
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou & Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Guangmin Zhou
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China.
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.
- Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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6
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Wang B, Cai F, Chu C, Fu B, Świerczek K, Li L, Zhao H. Modification of the Ni-Rich Layered Cathode Material by Hf Addition: Synergistic Microstructural Engineering and Surface Stabilization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38437708 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The rapid decline of the reversible capacity originating from microcracks and surface structural degradation during cycling is still a serious obstacle to the practical utilization of Ni-rich LiNixCoyAl1-x-yO2 (x ≥ 0.8) cathode materials. In this research, a feasible Hf-doping method is proposed to improve the electrochemical performance of LiNi0.9Co0.08Al0.02O2 (NCA90) through microstructural optimization and structural enhancement. The addition of Hf refines the primary particles of NCA90 and develops them into a short rod shape, making them densely arranged along the radial direction, which increases the secondary particle toughness and reduces their internal porosity. Moreover, Hf-doping stabilizes the layered structure and suppresses the side reactions through the introduction of robust Hf-O bonding. Multiple advantages of Hf-doping allowed significant improvement of the cycling stability of LiNi0.895Co0.08Al0.02Hf0.005O2 (NCA90-Hf0.5), with a reversible capacity retention rate of 95.3% after 100 cycles at 1 C, as compared with only 82.0% for the pristine NCA90. The proposed synergetic strategy combining microstructural engineering and crystal structure enhancement can effectively resolve the inherent capacity fading of Ni-rich layered cathodes, promoting their practical application for next-generation lithium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Feipeng Cai
- Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Chenxiao Chu
- Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Boyang Fu
- Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Krakow, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow 30-059, Poland
| | - Konrad Świerczek
- Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Krakow, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow 30-059, Poland
| | - Linsen Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Device Research Center (SEED), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hailei Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies, Beijing 100083, China
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7
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Liu Y, Li Z, Gao Y, Wang C, Wang X, Wang X, Xue X, Wang K, Cui W, Gao F, He S, Wu Z, Qi F, Gan J, Wang Y, Zheng W, Yang Y, Chen J, Pan H. Recent Advances in Understanding of the Singlet Oxygen in Energy Storage and Conversion. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2311500. [PMID: 38372501 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Singlet oxygen (term symbol 1 Δg , hereafter 1 O2 ), a reactive oxygen species, has recently attracted increasing interest in the field of rechargeable batteries and electrocatalysis and photocatalysis. These sustainable energy conversion and storage technologies are of vital significance to replace fossil fuels and promote carbon neutrality and finally tackle the energy crisis and climate change. Herein, the recent progresses of 1 O2 for energy storage and conversion is summarized, including physical and chemical properties, formation mechanisms, detection technologies, side reactions in rechargeable batteries and corresponding inhibition strategies, and applications in electrocatalysis and photocatalysis. The formation mechanisms and inhibition strategies of 1 O2 in particular aprotic lithium-oxygen (Li-O2 ) batteries are highlighted, and the applications of 1 O2 in photocatalysis and electrocatalysis is also emphasized. Moreover, the confronting challenges and promising directions of 1 O2 in energy conversion and storage systems are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Liu
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Zhenglong Li
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Yong Gao
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Chenxing Wang
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Xinqiang Wang
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Xu Xue
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Ke Wang
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Wengang Cui
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Fan Gao
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Shengnan He
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Wu
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Fulai Qi
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Jiantuo Gan
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Yujing Wang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (MOE), TKL of Metal and Molecule-based Material Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yaxiong Yang
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Hongge Pan
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
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8
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Ahangari M, Szalai B, Lujan J, Zhou M, Luo H. Advancements and Challenges in High-Capacity Ni-Rich Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:801. [PMID: 38399052 PMCID: PMC10890397 DOI: 10.3390/ma17040801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, lithium-ion batteries are undoubtedly known as the most promising rechargeable batteries. However, these batteries face some big challenges, like not having enough energy and not lasting long enough, that should be addressed. Ternary Ni-rich Li[NixCoyMnz]O2 and Li[NixCoyAlz]O2 cathode materials stand as the ideal candidate for a cathode active material to achieve high capacity and energy density, low manufacturing cost, and high operating voltage. However, capacity gain from Ni enrichment is nullified by the concurrent fast capacity fading because of issues such as gas evolution, microcracks propagation and pulverization, phase transition, electrolyte decomposition, cation mixing, and dissolution of transition metals at high operating voltage, which hinders their commercialization. In order to tackle these problems, researchers conducted many strategies, including elemental doping, surface coating, and particle engineering. This review paper mainly talks about origins of problems and their mechanisms leading to electrochemical performance deterioration for Ni-rich cathode materials and modification approaches to address the problems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Meng Zhou
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA; (M.A.); (B.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Hongmei Luo
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA; (M.A.); (B.S.); (J.L.)
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9
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Thornton DB, Davies BJV, Scott SB, Aguadero A, Ryan MP, Stephens IEL. Probing Degradation in Lithium Ion Batteries with On-Chip Electrochemistry Mass Spectrometry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315357. [PMID: 38103255 PMCID: PMC10962541 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The rapid uptake of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) for large scale electric vehicle and energy storage applications requires a deeper understanding of the degradation mechanisms. Capacity fade is due to the complex interplay between phase transitions, electrolyte decomposition and transition metal dissolution; many of these poorly understood parasitic reactions evolve gases as a side product. Here we present an on-chip electrochemistry mass spectrometry method that enables ultra-sensitive, fully quantified and time resolved detection of volatile species evolving from an operating LIB. The technique's electrochemical performance and mass transport is described by a finite element model and then experimentally used to demonstrate the variety of new insights into LIB performance. We show the versatility of the technique, including (a) observation of oxygen evolving from a LiNiMnCoO2 cathode and (b) the solid electrolyte interphase formation reaction on graphite in a variety of electrolytes, enabling the deconvolution of lithium inventory loss (c) the first direct evidence, by virtue of the improved time resolution of our technique, that carbon dioxide reduction to ethylene takes place in a lithium ion battery. The emerging insight will guide and validate battery lifetime models, as well as inform the design of longer lasting batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy B. Thornton
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonLondonSW7UK
- The Faraday InstitutionHarwell Science and Innovation CampusHarwellOX11 0RAUK
| | - Bethan J. V. Davies
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonLondonSW7UK
- The Faraday InstitutionHarwell Science and Innovation CampusHarwellOX11 0RAUK
| | - Soren B. Scott
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonLondonSW7UK
| | - Ainara Aguadero
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonLondonSW7UK
- The Faraday InstitutionHarwell Science and Innovation CampusHarwellOX11 0RAUK
| | - Mary P. Ryan
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonLondonSW7UK
- The Faraday InstitutionHarwell Science and Innovation CampusHarwellOX11 0RAUK
| | - Ifan E. L. Stephens
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonLondonSW7UK
- The Faraday InstitutionHarwell Science and Innovation CampusHarwellOX11 0RAUK
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10
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Mondal S, Jethwa RB, Pant B, Hauschild R, Freunberger SA. Singlet oxygen formation in non-aqueous oxygen redox chemistry: direct spectroscopic evidence for formation pathways and reliability of chemical probes. Faraday Discuss 2024; 248:175-189. [PMID: 37750344 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00088e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Singlet oxygen (1O2) formation is now recognised as a key aspect of non-aqueous oxygen redox chemistry. For identifying 1O2, chemical trapping via 9,10-dimethylanthracene (DMA) to form the endoperoxide (DMA-O2) has become the main method due to its sensitivity, selectivity, and ease of use. While DMA has been shown to be selective for 1O2, rather than forming DMA-O2 with a wide variety of potentially reactive O-containing species, false positives might hypothetically be obtained in the presence of previously overlooked species. Here, we first provide unequivocal direct spectroscopic proof via the 1O2-specific near-infrared (NIR) emission at 1270 nm for the previously proposed 1O2 formation pathways, which centre around superoxide disproportionation. We then show that peroxocarbonates, common intermediates in metal-O2 and metal carbonate electrochemistry, do not produce false-positive DMA-O2. Moreover, we identify a previously unreported 1O2-forming pathway through the reaction of CO2 with superoxide. Overall, we provide unequivocal proof for 1O2 formation in non-aqueous oxygen redox chemistry and show that chemical trapping with DMA is a reliable method to assess 1O2 formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyadip Mondal
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria.
| | - Rajesh B Jethwa
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria.
| | - Bhargavi Pant
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria.
| | - Robert Hauschild
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria.
| | - Stefan A Freunberger
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria.
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11
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Wachsman ED, Alexander GV, Moores R, Scisco G, Tang CR, Danner M. Toward solid-state Li metal-air batteries; an SOFC perspective of solid 3D architectures, heterogeneous interfaces, and oxygen exchange kinetics. Faraday Discuss 2024; 248:266-276. [PMID: 37753630 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00119a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The full electrification of transportation will require batteries with both 3-5× higher energy densities and a lower cost than what is available in the market today. Energy densities of >1000 W h kg-1 will enable electrification of air transport and are among the very few technologies capable of achieving this energy density. Limetal-O2 or Limetal-air are theoretically able to achieve this energy density and are also capable of reducing the cost of batteries by replacing expensive supply chain constrained cathode materials with "free" air. However, the utilization of liquid electrolytes in the Limetal-O2/Limetal-air battery has presented many obstacles to the optimum performance of this battery including oxidation of the liquid electrolyte and the Limetal anode. In this paper a path towards the development of a Limetal-air battery using a cubic garnet Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZ) solid-state ceramic electrolyte in a 3D architecture is described including initial cycling results of a Limetal-O2 battery using a recently developed mixed ionic and electronic (MIEC) LLZ in that 3D architecture. This 3D architecture with porous MIEC structures for the O2/air cathode is essentially the same as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) indicating the importance of leveraging SOFC technology in the development of solid-state Limetal-O2/air batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D Wachsman
- Maryland Energy Innovation Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
| | - George V Alexander
- Maryland Energy Innovation Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
| | - Roxanna Moores
- Maryland Energy Innovation Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
| | - Gibson Scisco
- Maryland Energy Innovation Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
| | - Christopher R Tang
- Maryland Energy Innovation Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
| | - Michael Danner
- Maryland Energy Innovation Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
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12
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Córdoba D, Benavides LN, Murgida DH, Rodríguez HB, Calvo EJ. Operando detection and suppression of spurious singlet oxygen in Li-O 2 batteries. Faraday Discuss 2024; 248:190-209. [PMID: 37800181 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00081h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The rechargeable lithium air (oxygen) battery (Li-O2) has very high energy density, comparable to that of fossil fuels (∼3600 W h kg-1). However, the parasitic reactions of the O2 reduction products with solvent and electrolyte lead to capacity fading and poor cyclability. During the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in aprotic solvents, the superoxide radical anion (O2˙-) is the main one-electron reaction product, which in the presence of Li+ ions undergoes disproportionation to yield Li2O2 and O2, a fraction of which results in singlet oxygen (1O2). The very reactive 1O2 is responsible for the spurious reactions that lead to high charging overpotential and short cycle life due to solvent and electrolyte degradation. Several techniques have been used for the detection and suppression of 1O2 inside a Li-O2 battery under operation and to test the efficiency and electrochemical stability of different physical quenchers of 1O2: azide anions, 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) and triphenylamine (TPA) in different solvents (dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), diglyme and tetraglyme). Operando detection of 1O2 inside the battery was accomplished by following dimethylanthracene fluorescence quenching using a bifurcated optical fiber in front-face mode through a quartz window in the battery. Differential oxygen-pressure measurements during charge-discharge cycles vs. charge during battery operation showed that the number of electrons per oxygen molecule was n > 2 in the absence of physical quenchers of 1O2, due to spurious reactions, and n = 2 in the presence of physical quenchers of 1O2, proving the suppression of spurious reactions. Battery cycling at a limited specific capacity of 500 mA h gC-1 for the MWCNT cathode and 250 mA gC-1 current density, in the absence and presence of a physical quencher or a physical quencher plus the redox mediator I3-/I- (with a lithiated Nafion® membrane), showed increasing cyclability according to coulombic efficiency and cell voltage data over 100 cycles. Operando Raman studies with a quartz window at the bottom of the battery allowed detection of Li2O2 and excess I3- redox mediator during discharge and charge, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Córdoba
- INQUIMAE/DQIAyQF, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Leandro N Benavides
- INQUIMAE/DQIAyQF, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Daniel H Murgida
- INQUIMAE/DQIAyQF, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Hernan B Rodríguez
- INQUIMAE/DQIAyQF, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Ernesto J Calvo
- INQUIMAE/DQIAyQF, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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13
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Li W, Zhang M, Sun X, Sheng C, Mu X, Wang L, He P, Zhou H. Boosting a practical Li-CO 2 battery through dimerization reaction based on solid redox mediator. Nat Commun 2024; 15:803. [PMID: 38280844 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45087-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Li-CO2 batteries offer a promising avenue for converting greenhouse gases into electricity. However, the inherent challenge of direct electrocatalytic reduction of inert CO2 often results in the formation of Li2CO3, causing a dip in output voltage and energy efficiency. Our innovative approach involves solid redox mediators, affixed to the cathode via a Cu(II) coordination compound of benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid. This technique effectively circumvents the shuttle effect and sluggish kinetics associated with soluble redox mediators. Results show that the electrochemically reduced Cu(I) solid redox mediator efficiently captures CO2, facilitating Li2C2O4 formation through a dimerization reaction involving a dimeric oxalate intermediate. The Li-CO2 battery employing the Cu(II) solid redox mediator boasts a higher discharge voltage of 2.8 V, a lower charge potential of 3.7 V, and superior cycling performance over 400 cycles. Simultaneously, the successful development of a Li-CO2 pouch battery propels metal-CO2 batteries closer to practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Menghang Zhang
- Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Xinyi Sun
- Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Chuanchao Sheng
- Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Mu
- Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Ping He
- Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China.
| | - Haoshen Zhou
- Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China.
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14
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Jethwa RB, Mondal S, Pant B, Freunberger SA. To DISP or Not? The Far-Reaching Reaction Mechanisms Underpinning Lithium-Air Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202316476. [PMID: 38095355 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The short history of research on Li-O2 batteries has seen a remarkable number of mechanistic U-turns over the years. From the initial use of carbonate electrolytes, that were then found to be entirely unsuitable, to the belief that (su)peroxide was solely responsible for degradation, before the more reactive singlet oxygen was found to form, to the hypothesis that capacity depends on a competing surface/solution mechanism before a practically exclusive solution mechanism was identified. Herein, we argue for an ever-fresh look at the reported data without bias towards supposedly established explanations. We explain how the latest findings on rate and capacity limits, as well as the origin of side reactions, are connected via the disproportionation (DISP) step in the (dis)charge mechanism. Therefrom, directions emerge for the design of electrolytes and mediators on how to suppress side reactions and to enable high rate and high reversible capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh B Jethwa
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Soumyadip Mondal
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Bhargavi Pant
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Stefan A Freunberger
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400, Klosterneuburg, Austria
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15
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Cui Z, Manthiram A. Thermal Stability and Outgassing Behaviors of High-nickel Cathodes in Lithium-ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307243. [PMID: 37294381 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
LiNiO2 -based high-nickel layered oxide cathodes are regarded as promising cathode materials for high-energy-density automotive lithium batteries. Most of the attention thus far has been paid towards addressing their surface and structural instability issues brought by the increase of Ni content (>90 %) with an aim to enhance the cycle stability. However, the poor safety performance remains an intractable problem for their commercialization in the market, yet it has not received appropriate attention. In this review, we focus on the gas generation and thermal degradation behaviors of high-Ni cathodes, which are critical factors in determining their overall safety performance. A comprehensive overview of the mechanisms of outgassing and thermal runaway reactions is presented and analyzed from a chemistry perspective. Finally, we discuss the challenges and the insights into developing robust, safe high-Ni cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehao Cui
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Arumugam Manthiram
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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16
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Yan Z, Reynolds KG, Sun R, Shin Y, Thorarinsdottir AE, Gonzalez MI, Kudisch B, Galli G, Nocera DG. Oxidation Chemistry of Bicarbonate and Peroxybicarbonate: Implications for Carbonate Management in Energy Storage. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22213-22221. [PMID: 37751528 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Carbonate formation presents a major challenge to energy storage applications based on low-temperature CO2 electrolysis and recyclable metal-air batteries. While direct electrochemical oxidation of (bi)carbonate represents a straightforward route for carbonate management, knowledge of the feasibility and mechanisms of direct oxidation is presently lacking. Herein, we report the isolation and characterization of the bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium salts of bicarbonate and peroxybicarbonate, thus enabling the examination of their oxidation chemistry. Infrared spectroelectrochemistry combined with time-resolved infrared spectroscopy reveals that the photoinduced oxidation of HCO3- by an Ir(III) photoreagent results in the generation of the short-lived bicarbonate radical in less than 50 ns. The highly acidic bicarbonate radical undergoes proton transfer with HCO3- to furnish the carbonate radical anion and H2CO3, leading to the eventual release of CO2 and H2O, thus accounting for the appearance of H2O and CO2 in both electrochemical and photochemical oxidation experiments. The back reaction of the carbonate radical subsequently oxidizes the Ir(II) photoreagent, leading to carbonate. In the absence of this back reaction, dimerization of the carbonate radical provides entry into peroxybicarbonate, which we show undergoes facile oxidation to O2 and CO2. Together, the results reported identify tangible pathways for the design of catalysts for the management of carbonate in energy storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifei Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Kristopher G Reynolds
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Yongjin Shin
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Agnes E Thorarinsdottir
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Miguel I Gonzalez
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Bryan Kudisch
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Giulia Galli
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Daniel G Nocera
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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17
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Liu T, Zhao S, Xiong Q, Yu J, Wang J, Huang G, Ni M, Zhang X. Reversible Discharge Products in Li-Air Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208925. [PMID: 36502282 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-air (Li-air) batteries stand out among the post-Li-ion batteries due to their high energy density, which has rapidly progressed in the past years. Regarding the fundamental mechanism of Li-air batteries that discharge products produced and decomposed during charging and recharging progress, the reversibility of products closely affects the battery performance. Along with the upsurge of the mainstream discharge products lithium peroxide, with devoted efforts to screening electrolytes, constructing high-efficiency cathodes, and optimizing anodes, much progress is made in the fundamental understanding and performance. However, the limited advancement is insufficient. In this case, the investigations of other discharge products, including lithium hydroxide, lithium superoxide, lithium oxide, and lithium carbonate, emerge and bring breakthroughs for the Li-air battery technologies. To deepen the understanding of the electrochemical reactions and conversions of discharge products in the battery, recent advances in the various discharge products, mainly focusing on the growth and decomposition mechanisms and the determining factors are systematically reviewed. The perspectives for Li-air batteries on the fundamental development of discharge products and future applications are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- Building Energy Research Group, Department of Building and Real Estate, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Siyuan Zhao
- Building Energy Research Group, Department of Building and Real Estate, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Qi Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yu
- Building Energy Research Group, Department of Building and Real Estate, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Gang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Meng Ni
- Building Energy Research Group, Department of Building and Real Estate, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xinbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
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18
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Sun X, Mu X, Zheng W, Wang L, Yang S, Sheng C, Pan H, Li W, Li CH, He P, Zhou H. Binuclear Cu complex catalysis enabling Li-CO 2 battery with a high discharge voltage above 3.0 V. Nat Commun 2023; 14:536. [PMID: 36725869 PMCID: PMC9892515 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36276-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Li-CO2 batteries possess exceptional advantages in using greenhouse gases to provide electrical energy. However, these batteries following Li2CO3-product route usually deliver low output voltage (<2.5 V) and energy efficiency. Besides, Li2CO3-related parasitic reactions can further degrade battery performance. Herein, we introduce a soluble binuclear copper(I) complex as the liquid catalyst to achieve Li2C2O4 products in Li-CO2 batteries. The Li-CO2 battery using the copper(I) complex exhibits a high electromotive voltage up to 3.38 V, an increased output voltage of 3.04 V, and an enlarged discharge capacity of 5846 mAh g-1. And it shows robust cyclability over 400 cycles with additional help of Ru catalyst. We reveal that the copper(I) complex can easily capture CO2 to form a bridged Cu(II)-oxalate adduct. Subsequently reduction of the adduct occurs during discharge. This work innovatively increases the output voltage of Li-CO2 batteries to higher than 3.0 V, paving a promising avenue for the design and regulation of CO2 conversion reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Sun
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XCenter of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Mu
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XCenter of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zheng
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XState Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XCenter of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Sixie Yang
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XCenter of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Chuanchao Sheng
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XCenter of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Hui Pan
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XCenter of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XCenter of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Hui Li
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XState Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Ping He
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XCenter of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Haoshen Zhou
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XCenter of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, P. R. China
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19
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Gao Z, Temprano I, Lei J, Tang L, Li J, Grey CP, Liu T. Recent Progress in Developing a LiOH-Based Reversible Nonaqueous Lithium-Air Battery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2201384. [PMID: 36063023 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The realization of practical nonaqueous lithium-air batteries (LABs) calls for novel strategies to address their numerous theoretical and technical challenges. LiOH formation/decomposition has recently been proposed as a promising alternative route to cycling LABs via Li2 O2 . Herein, the progress in developing LiOH-based nonaqueous LABs is reviewed. Various catalytic systems, either soluble or solid-state, that can activate a LiOH-based electrochemistry are compared in detail, with emphasis in providing an updated understanding of the oxygen reduction and evolution reactions in nonaqueous media. We identify the key factors that can switch the cell chemistry between Li2 O2 and LiOH and highlight the debate around these routes, as well as rationalize potential causes for these opposing opinions. The identities of the reaction intermediates, activity of redox mediators and additives, location of reaction interfaces, causes of parasitic reactions, as well as the effect of CO2 on the LiOH electrochemistry, all play a critical role in altering the relative rates of a series of interconnected reactions and all warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyan Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239, Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Israel Temprano
- Chemistry Department, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Jiang Lei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239, Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Linbin Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239, Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Junjian Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239, Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Clare P Grey
- Chemistry Department, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Tao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239, Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
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20
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Chen Y, Xu J, He P, Qiao Y, Guo S, Yang H, Zhou H. Metal-air batteries: progress and perspective. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:2449-2486. [PMID: 36566068 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2022.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The metal-air batteries with the largest theoretical energy densities have been paid much more attention. However, metal-air batteries including Li-air/O2, Li-CO2, Na-air/O2, and Zn-air/O2 batteries, are complex systems that have their respective scientific problems, such as metal dendrite forming/deforming, the kinetics of redox mediators for oxygen reduction/evolution reactions, high overpotentials, desolution of CO2, H2O, etc. from the air and related side reactions on both anode and cathode. It should be the main direction to address these shortages to improve performance. Here, we summarized recently research progress in these metal-air/O2 batteries. Some perspectives are also provided for these research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jijing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Ping He
- Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yu Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shaohua Guo
- Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Huijun Yang
- Energy Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Haoshen Zhou
- Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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21
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Ma Y, Zhang R, Tang Y, Ma Y, Teo JH, Diemant T, Goonetilleke D, Janek J, Bianchini M, Kondrakov A, Brezesinski T. Single- to Few-Layer Nanoparticle Cathode Coating for Thiophosphate-Based All-Solid-State Batteries. ACS NANO 2022; 16:18682-18694. [PMID: 36283037 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bulk-type solid-state batteries (SSBs) composed of lithium thiophosphate superionic solid electrolytes (SEs) and high-capacity cathode active materials (CAMs) have recently attracted much attention for their potential application in next-generation electrochemical energy storage. However, compatibility issues between the key components in this kind of battery system are difficult to overcome. Here, we report on a protective cathode coating that strongly reduces the prevalence of detrimental side reactions between CAM and SE during battery operation. This is demonstrated using preformed HfO2 nanoparticles as a secondary particle coating for a layered Ni-rich oxide CAM, LiNi0.85Co0.1Mn0.05O2 (NCM85). The preparation of a stable dispersion of the HfO2 nanoparticles enabled the deposition of a uniform coating of thickness ≤11 nm. When incorporated into Li6PS5Cl-based, pellet-stack SSBs, the coated NCM85 showed superior performance in terms of reversibility, cell capacity, longevity, and rate capability over its uncoated counterpart. The effectiveness of the protective coating in mitigating electro-chemo-mechanical degradation was investigated using a suite of physical and electrochemical characterization techniques. In addition, the adaptability to wet processing of the coated NCM85 is demonstrated in slurry-cast SSBs and liquid-electrolyte-based Li-ion cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Thomas Diemant
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) for Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstr. 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Jürgen Janek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry & Center for Materials Research (ZfM/LaMa), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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22
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Klein F, Bansmann J, Jusys Z, Pfeifer C, Scheitenberger P, Mundszinger M, Geiger D, Biskupek J, Kaiser U, Behm RJ, Lindén M, Wohlfahrt‐Mehrens M, Axmann P. Enhanced Electrochemical Capacity of Spherical Co-Free Li 1.2 Mn 0.6 Ni 0.2 O 2 Particles after a Water and Acid Treatment and its Influence on the Initial Gas Evolution Behavior. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202201061. [PMID: 35880947 PMCID: PMC9826533 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202201061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Li-rich layered oxides (LRLO) with specific energies beyond 900 Wh kg-1 are one promising class of high-energy cathode materials. Their high Mn-content allows reducing both costs and the environmental footprint. In this work, Co-free Li1.2 Mn0.6 Ni0.2 O2 was investigated. A simple water and acid treatment step followed by a thermal treatment was applied to the LRLO to reduce surface impurities and to establish an artificial cathode electrolyte interface. Samples treated at 300 °C show an improved cycling behavior with specific first cycle capacities of up to 272 mAh g-1 , whereas powders treated at 900 °C were electrochemically deactivated due to major structural changes of the active compounds. Surface sensitive analytical methods were used to characterize the structural and chemical changes compared to the bulk material. Online DEMS measurements were conducted to get a deeper understanding of the effect of the treatment strategy on O2 and CO2 evolution during electrochemical cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Klein
- Zentrum für Sonnenenergie- und Wasserstoffforschung Baden-Württemberg (ZSW)Helmholtzstrasse 8D-89081UlmGermany
| | - Joachim Bansmann
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and CatalysisUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 47D-89081UlmGermany
| | - Zenonas Jusys
- Institute of Theoretical ChemistryUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 11D-89081UlmGermany
| | - Claudia Pfeifer
- Zentrum für Sonnenenergie- und Wasserstoffforschung Baden-Württemberg (ZSW)Helmholtzstrasse 8D-89081UlmGermany
| | - Philipp Scheitenberger
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry IIUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 11D-89081UlmGermany
| | - Manuel Mundszinger
- Electron Microscopy Group of Materials ScienceUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 11D-89081UlmGermany
| | - Dorin Geiger
- Electron Microscopy Group of Materials ScienceUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 11D-89081UlmGermany
| | - Johannes Biskupek
- Electron Microscopy Group of Materials ScienceUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 11D-89081UlmGermany
| | - Ute Kaiser
- Electron Microscopy Group of Materials ScienceUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 11D-89081UlmGermany
| | - R. Jürgen Behm
- Institute of Theoretical ChemistryUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 11D-89081UlmGermany
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm Electrochemical Energy Storage (HIU)Helmholtzstraße 11D-89081UlmGermany
| | - Mika Lindén
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry IIUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 11D-89081UlmGermany
| | - Margret Wohlfahrt‐Mehrens
- Zentrum für Sonnenenergie- und Wasserstoffforschung Baden-Württemberg (ZSW)Helmholtzstrasse 8D-89081UlmGermany
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm Electrochemical Energy Storage (HIU)Helmholtzstraße 11D-89081UlmGermany
| | - Peter Axmann
- Zentrum für Sonnenenergie- und Wasserstoffforschung Baden-Württemberg (ZSW)Helmholtzstrasse 8D-89081UlmGermany
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23
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Lei Y, Elias Y, Han Y, Xiao D, Lu J, Ni J, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Aurbach D, Xiao Q. Mitigation of Oxygen Evolution and Phase Transition of Li-Rich Mn-Based Layered Oxide Cathodes by Coating with Oxygen-Deficient Perovskite Compounds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:49709-49718. [PMID: 36268653 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Li-rich Mn-based layered oxide cathodes with a high discharge capacity hold great promise for high energy density lithium-ion batteries. However, application is hampered by voltage and capacity decay and gas evolution during cycling due to interfacial side reactions. Here, we report coating by oxygen-deficient perovskite La0.9Sr0.1CoO3 using the Pechini process. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy both exhibit a uniform coating layer with a high oxygen vacancy concentration. The coating effectively mitigates the first cycle irreversible capacity loss and voltage decay while increasing cyclability. Optimized coating improves capacity retention from 55.6% to 84.8% after 400 cycles at 2 C. Operando differential electrochemical mass spectroscopy shows that such a coating can significantly mitigate the release of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and post-mortem analysis indicate that the coating layer forms a stable interface and restricts structure evolution and cation mixing during cycling, conferring these cathode materials with better cycling and voltage stability. The perovskite can be applied to other cathodes with high voltage and capacity to suppress interfacial side reactions toward developing stable high energy density batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yike Lei
- School of Automotive Studies & Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University (Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao'an Road, Shanghai201804, P. R. China
| | - Yuval Elias
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan5290002, Israel
| | - Yongkang Han
- School of Automotive Studies & Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University (Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao'an Road, Shanghai201804, P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, P. R. China
| | - Jun Lu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, P. R. China
| | - Jie Ni
- School of Automotive Studies & Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University (Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao'an Road, Shanghai201804, P. R. China
| | - Yingchuan Zhang
- School of Automotive Studies & Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University (Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao'an Road, Shanghai201804, P. R. China
| | - Cunman Zhang
- School of Automotive Studies & Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University (Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao'an Road, Shanghai201804, P. R. China
| | - Doron Aurbach
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan5290002, Israel
| | - Qiangfeng Xiao
- School of Automotive Studies & Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University (Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao'an Road, Shanghai201804, P. R. China
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24
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Wu F, Kuenzel M, Diemant T, Mullaliu A, Fang S, Kim JK, Kim HW, Kim GT, Passerini S. Enabling High-Stability of Aqueous-Processed Nickel-Rich Positive Electrodes in Lithium Metal Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2203874. [PMID: 36116115 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lithium batteries occupy the large-scale electric mobility market raising concerns about the environmental impact of cell production, especially regarding the use of poly(vinylidene difluoride) (teratogenic) and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP, harmful). To avoid their use, an aqueous electrode processing route is utilized in which a water-soluble hybrid acrylic-fluoropolymer together with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is used as binder, and a thin phosphate coating layer is in situ formed on the surface of the nickel-rich cathode during electrode processing. The resulting electrodes achieve a comparable performance to that of NMP-based electrodes in conventional organic carbonate-based electrolyte (LP30). Subsequently, an ionic liquid electrolyte (ILE) is employed to replace the organic electrolyte, building stable electrode/electrolyte interphases on the surface of the nickel-rich positive electrode (cathode) and metallic lithium negative electrode (anode). In such ILE, the aqueously processed electrodes achieve high cycling stability with a capacity retention of 91% after 1000 cycles (20 °C). In addition, a high capacity of more than 2.5 mAh cm-2 is achieved for high loading electrodes (≈15 mg cm-2 ) by using a modified ILE with 5% vinylene carbonate additive. A path to achieve environmentally friendly electrode manufacturing while maintaining their outstanding performance and structural integrity is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanglin Wu
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P. O. Box 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Matthias Kuenzel
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P. O. Box 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Thomas Diemant
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P. O. Box 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Angelo Mullaliu
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P. O. Box 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Shan Fang
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P. O. Box 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jae-Kwang Kim
- Department of Solar & Energy Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28503, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Woong Kim
- Department of Solar & Energy Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28503, Republic of Korea
| | - Guk-Tae Kim
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P. O. Box 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stefano Passerini
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P. O. Box 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
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25
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Wu Z, Tian Y, Chen H, Wang L, Qian S, Wu T, Zhang S, Lu J. Evolving aprotic Li-air batteries. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8045-8101. [PMID: 36047454 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00003b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lithium-air batteries (LABs) have attracted tremendous attention since the proposal of the LAB concept in 1996 because LABs have a super high theoretical/practical specific energy and an infinite supply of redox-active materials, and are environment-friendly. However, due to the lack of critical electrode materials and a thorough understanding of the chemistry of LABs, the development of LABs entered a germination period before 2010, when LABs research mainly focused on the development of air cathodes and carbonate-based electrolytes. In the growing period, i.e., from 2010 to the present, the investigation focused more on systematic electrode design, fabrication, and modification, as well as the comprehensive selection of electrolyte components. Nevertheless, over the past 25 years, the development of LABs has been full of retrospective steps and breakthroughs. In this review, the evolution of LABs is illustrated along with the constantly emerging design, fabrication, modification, and optimization strategies. At the end, perspectives and strategies are put forward for the development of future LABs and even other metal-air batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Wu
- Center for Catalysis and Clean Energy, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Queensland 4222, Australia.
| | - Yuhui Tian
- Center for Catalysis and Clean Energy, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Queensland 4222, Australia.
| | - Hao Chen
- Center for Catalysis and Clean Energy, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Queensland 4222, Australia.
| | - Liguang Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. .,Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Shangshu Qian
- Center for Catalysis and Clean Energy, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Queensland 4222, Australia.
| | - Tianpin Wu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Shanqing Zhang
- Center for Catalysis and Clean Energy, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Queensland 4222, Australia.
| | - Jun Lu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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26
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Oxidative decomposition mechanisms of lithium carbonate on carbon substrates in lithium battery chemistries. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4908. [PMID: 35987749 PMCID: PMC9392741 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32557-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lithium carbonate plays a critical role in both lithium-carbon dioxide and lithium-air batteries as the main discharge product and a product of side reactions, respectively. Understanding the decomposition of lithium carbonate during electrochemical oxidation (during battery charging) is key for improving both chemistries, but the decomposition mechanisms and the role of the carbon substrate remain under debate. Here, we use an in-situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry-gas chromatography coupling system to quantify the gas evolution during the electrochemical oxidation of lithium carbonate on carbon substrates. Our results show that lithium carbonate decomposes to carbon dioxide and singlet oxygen mainly via an electrochemical process instead of via a chemical process in an electrolyte of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide in tetraglyme. Singlet oxygen attacks the carbon substrate and electrolyte to form both carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide—approximately 20% of the net gas evolved originates from these side reactions. Additionally, we show that cobalt(II,III) oxide, a typical oxygen evolution catalyst, stabilizes the precursor of singlet oxygen, thus inhibiting the formation of singlet oxygen and consequent side reactions. Lithium carbonate is ubiquitous in lithium battery chemistries and leads to overpotentials, however its oxidative decomposition is unclear. Here, the authors study its decomposition in ether electrolyte, clarify the role of the carbon substrate, and propose a route to limit released singlet oxygen.
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27
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Guan P, Zhu Y, Li M, Zeng T, Li X, Tian R, Sharma N, Xu Z, Wan T, Hu L, Liu Y, Cazorla C, Chu D. Enhancing cyclic and in-air stability of Ni-Rich cathodes through perovskite oxide surface coating. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 628:407-418. [PMID: 36007413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Ni-rich layered oxides, such as LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811), are promising cathode materials for high-energy lithium-ion batteries. However, the relatively high reactivity of Ni in NCM811 cathodes results in severe capacity fading originating from the undesired side reactions that occur at the cathode-electrolyte interface during prolonged cycling. Therefore, the trade-off between high capacity and long cycle life can obstruct the commercialization process of Ni-rich cathodes in modern lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In addition, high sensitivity toward air upon storage greatly limits the commercial application. Herein, a facile surface modification strategy is introduced to enhance the cycling and in-air storage stability of NCM811. The NCM811 with a uniform SrTiO3 (STO) nano-coating layer exhibited outstanding electrochemical performances that could deliver a high discharge capacity of 173.5 mAh⋅g-1 after 200 cycles under 1C with a capacity retention of 90%. In contrast, the uncoated NCM811 only provided 65% capacity retention of 130.8 mAh⋅g-1 under the same conditions. Structural evolution analysis suggested that the STO coating acted as a buffer layer to suppress the dissolution of transition metal ions caused by the HF attack from the electrolyte and promote the lithium diffusion during the charge-discharge process. In addition, the constructed STO layer prevented the exposure of NCM811 to H2O and CO2 and thus effectively improved the in-air storage stability. This work offers an effective way to enhance the performance stability of Ni-rich oxides for high-performance cathodes of lithium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyuan Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Yanzhe Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Mengyao Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Tianyi Zeng
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Ruoming Tian
- Solid State & Elemental Analysis Unit, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Neeraj Sharma
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Zhemi Xu
- Chemistry and Material Engineering College, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Tao Wan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.
| | - Long Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Yunjian Liu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Claudio Cazorla
- Departament de Física, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Campus Nord B4-B5, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Dewei Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
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28
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Rinkel BLD, Vivek JP, Garcia-Araez N, Grey CP. Two electrolyte decomposition pathways at nickel-rich cathode surfaces in lithium-ion batteries. ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2022; 15:3416-3438. [PMID: 36091097 PMCID: PMC9368649 DOI: 10.1039/d1ee04053g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Preventing the decomposition reactions of electrolyte solutions is essential for extending the lifetime of lithium-ion batteries. However, the exact mechanism(s) for electrolyte decomposition at the positive electrode, and particularly the soluble decomposition products that form and initiate further reactions at the negative electrode, are still largely unknown. In this work, a combination of operando gas measurements and solution NMR was used to study decomposition reactions of the electrolyte solution at NMC (LiNi x Mn y Co1-x-y O2) and LCO (LiCoO2) electrodes. A partially delithiated LFP (Li x FePO4) counter electrode was used to selectively identify the products formed through processes at the positive electrodes. Based on the detected soluble and gaseous products, two distinct routes with different onset potentials are proposed for the decomposition of the electrolyte solution at NMC electrodes. At low potentials (<80% state-of-charge, SOC), ethylene carbonate (EC) is dehydrogenated to form vinylene carbonate (VC) at the NMC surface, whereas at high potentials (>80% SOC), 1O2 released from the transition metal oxide chemically oxidises the electrolyte solvent (EC) to form CO2, CO and H2O. The formation of water via this mechanism was confirmed by reacting 17O-labelled 1O2 with EC and characterising the reaction products via 1H and 17O NMR spectroscopy. The water that is produced initiates secondary reactions, leading to the formation of the various products identified by NMR spectroscopy. Noticeably fewer decomposition products were detected in NMC/graphite cells compared to NMC/Li x FePO4 cells, which is ascribed to the consumption of water (from the reaction of 1O2 and EC) at the graphite electrode, preventing secondary decomposition reactions. The insights on electrolyte decomposition mechanisms at the positive electrode, and the consumption of decomposition products at the negative electrode contribute to understanding the origin of capacity loss in NMC/graphite cells, and are hoped to support the development of strategies to mitigate the degradation of NMC-based cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J Padmanabhan Vivek
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
- The Faraday Institution, Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0RA UK
| | - Nuria Garcia-Araez
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
- The Faraday Institution, Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0RA UK
| | - Clare P Grey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
- The Faraday Institution, Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0RA UK
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29
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30
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Zhao W, Zou L, Zhang L, Fan X, Zhang H, Pagani F, Brack E, Seidl L, Ou X, Egorov K, Guo X, Hu G, Trabesinger S, Wang C, Battaglia C. Assessing Long-Term Cycling Stability of Single-Crystal Versus Polycrystalline Nickel-Rich NCM in Pouch Cells with 6 mAh cm -2 Electrodes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107357. [PMID: 35182015 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries based on single-crystal LiNi1- x - y Cox Mny O2 (NCM, 1-x-y ≥ 0.6) cathode materials are gaining increasing attention due to their improved structural stability resulting in superior cycle life compared to batteries based on polycrystalline NCM. However, an in-depth understanding of the less pronounced degradation mechanism of single-crystal NCM is still lacking. Here, a detailed postmortem study is presented, comparing pouch cells with single-crystal versus polycrystalline LiNi0.60 Co0.20 Mn0.20 O2 (NCM622) cathodes after 1375 dis-/charge cycles against graphite anodes. The thickness of the cation-disordered layer forming in the near-surface region of the cathode particles does not differ significantly between single-crystal and polycrystalline particles, while cracking is pronounced for polycrystalline particles, but practically absent for single-crystal particles. Transition metal dissolution as quantified by time-of-flight mass spectrometry on the surface of the cycled graphite anode is much reduced for single-crystal NCM622. Similarly, CO2 gas evolution during the first two cycles as quantified by electrochemical mass spectrometry is much reduced for single-crystal NCM622. Benefitting from these advantages, graphite/single-crystal NMC622 pouch cells are demonstrated with a cathode areal capacity of 6 mAh cm-2 with an excellent capacity retention of 83% after 3000 cycles to 4.2 V, emphasizing the potential of single-crystalline NCM622 as cathode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wengao Zhao
- Materials for Energy Conversion, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials, Science and Technology, Dübendorf, 8600, Switzerland
| | - Lianfeng Zou
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 3335 Innovation Boulevard, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Leiting Zhang
- Electrochemistry Laboratory, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, 5232, Switzerland
| | - Xinming Fan
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, No. 932 South Lushan Road, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
- Powder Metallurgy Research Institute, Central South University, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Hehe Zhang
- Clean Nano Energy Center, State Key Laboratory of Metastable Material Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Francesco Pagani
- Materials for Energy Conversion, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials, Science and Technology, Dübendorf, 8600, Switzerland
| | - Enzo Brack
- Materials for Energy Conversion, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials, Science and Technology, Dübendorf, 8600, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Seidl
- Materials for Energy Conversion, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials, Science and Technology, Dübendorf, 8600, Switzerland
| | - Xing Ou
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, No. 932 South Lushan Road, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Konstantin Egorov
- Materials for Energy Conversion, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials, Science and Technology, Dübendorf, 8600, Switzerland
| | - Xueyi Guo
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, No. 932 South Lushan Road, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Guorong Hu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, No. 932 South Lushan Road, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Sigita Trabesinger
- Electrochemistry Laboratory, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, 5232, Switzerland
| | - Chongmin Wang
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 3335 Innovation Boulevard, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Corsin Battaglia
- Materials for Energy Conversion, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials, Science and Technology, Dübendorf, 8600, Switzerland
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31
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Dose W, Temprano I, Allen JP, Björklund E, O’Keefe CA, Li W, Mehdi BL, Weatherup RS, De Volder MFL, Grey CP. Electrolyte Reactivity at the Charged Ni-Rich Cathode Interface and Degradation in Li-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:13206-13222. [PMID: 35258927 PMCID: PMC9098117 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c22812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The chemical and electrochemical reactions at the positive electrode-electrolyte interface in Li-ion batteries are hugely influential on cycle life and safety. Ni-rich layered transition metal oxides exhibit higher interfacial reactivity than their lower Ni-content analogues, reacting via mechanisms that are poorly understood. Here, we study the pivotal role of the electrolyte solvent, specifically cyclic ethylene carbonate (EC) and linear ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), in determining the interfacial reactivity at charged LiNi0.33Mn0.33Co0.33O2 (NMC111) and LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811) cathodes by using both single-solvent model electrolytes and the mixed solvents used in commercial cells. While NMC111 exhibits similar parasitic currents with EC-containing and EC-free electrolytes during high voltage holds in NMC/Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) cells, this is not the case for NMC811. Online gas analysis reveals that the solvent-dependent reactivity for Ni-rich cathodes is related to the extent of lattice oxygen release and accompanying electrolyte decomposition, which is higher for EC-containing than EC-free electrolytes. Combined findings from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), TEM, solution NMR, ICP, and XPS reveal that the electrolyte solvent has a profound impact on the degradation of the Ni-rich cathode and the electrolyte. Higher lattice oxygen release with EC-containing electrolytes is coupled with higher cathode interfacial impedance, a thicker oxygen-deficient rock-salt surface reconstruction layer, more electrolyte solvent and salt breakdown, and higher amounts of transition metal dissolution. These processes are suppressed in the EC-free electrolyte, highlighting the incompatibility between Ni-rich cathodes and conventional electrolyte solvents. Finally, new mechanistic insights into the chemical oxidation pathways of electrolyte solvents and, critically, the knock-on chemical and electrochemical reactions that further degrade the electrolyte and electrodes curtailing battery lifetime are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley
M. Dose
- Department
of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 17 Charles Babbage Road, CB3 0FS Cambridge, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
- The
Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science
and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
| | - Israel Temprano
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Jennifer P. Allen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
- The
Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science
and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
| | - Erik Björklund
- The
Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science
and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, U.K.
| | - Christopher A. O’Keefe
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
- The
Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science
and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
| | - Weiqun Li
- The
Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science
and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
- Department
of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, U.K.
| | - B. Layla Mehdi
- The
Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science
and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
- Department
of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, U.K.
| | - Robert S. Weatherup
- The
Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science
and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, U.K.
| | - Michael F. L. De Volder
- Department
of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 17 Charles Babbage Road, CB3 0FS Cambridge, U.K.
- The
Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science
and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
| | - Clare P. Grey
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
- The
Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science
and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
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32
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Lei J, Gao Z, Tang L, Zhong L, Li J, Zhang Y, Liu T. Coupling Water-Proof Li Anodes with LiOH-Based Cathodes Enables Highly Rechargeable Lithium-Air Batteries Operating in Ambient Air. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103760. [PMID: 34894094 PMCID: PMC8811808 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Realizing an energy-dense, highly rechargeable nonaqueous lithium-oxygen battery in ambient air remains a big challenge because the active materials of the typical high-capacity cathode (Li2 O2 ) and anode (Li metal) are unstable in air. Herein, a novel lithium-oxygen full cell coupling a lithium anode protected by a composite layer of polyethylene oxide (PEO)/lithium aluminum titanium phosphate (LATP)/wax to a LiOH-based cathode is constructed. The protected lithium is stable in air and water, and permits reversible, dendrite-free lithium stripping/plating in a wet nonaqueous electrolyte under ambient air. The LiOH-based full cell reaction is immune to moisture (up to 99% humidity) in air and exhibits a much better resistance to CO2 contamination than Li2 O2 , resulting in a more consistent electrochemistry in the long term. The current approach of coupling a protected lithium anode with a LiOH-based cathode holds promise for developing a long-life, high-energy lithium-air battery capable of operating in the ambient atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Lei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and SustainabilitySchool of Chemical Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityNo. 1239, Siping RoadShanghai200092P. R. China
| | - Zongyan Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and SustainabilitySchool of Chemical Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityNo. 1239, Siping RoadShanghai200092P. R. China
| | - Linbin Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and SustainabilitySchool of Chemical Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityNo. 1239, Siping RoadShanghai200092P. R. China
| | - Li Zhong
- SEU‐FEI Nano‐Pico CenterKey Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of EducationSoutheast UniversityNanjing210096P. R. China
| | - Junjian Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and SustainabilitySchool of Chemical Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityNo. 1239, Siping RoadShanghai200092P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and SustainabilitySchool of Chemical Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityNo. 1239, Siping RoadShanghai200092P. R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and SustainabilitySchool of Chemical Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityNo. 1239, Siping RoadShanghai200092P. R. China
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33
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Li JH, Yu YX. Enhanced catalytic performance of pillared δ-MnO 2 with enlarged layer spaces for lithium- and sodium-oxygen batteries: a theoretical investigation. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:20637-20648. [PMID: 34877961 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr07407e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Facing the challenge of increasingly severe environmental issues, many researchers are committed to seeking "post lithium-ion batteries" that can replace fossil fuels, one of which is alkali-metal-oxygen batteries. Nevertheless, the main bottleneck restricting the development of these batteries is the need for suitable catalysts to facilitate the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In this study, we attempt to modify the catalytic performance of δ-MnO2 for lithium- and sodium-oxygen batteries (LOBs and SOBs) by constructing 1,4-benzenedisulfonic acid, 2-chloro-1,4-benzenedisulfonic acid, and 2-fluoro-1,4-benzenedisulfonic acid pillared structures (H-, Cl-, and F-MnO2). Their dynamic stability and catalytic mechanism have been explored by employing density functional theory (DFT). H-MnO2 possesses a theoretical discharge voltage of 2.645 V for LOBs, which is 0.293 V larger than that of Cl-MnO2. The discharge voltage of Cl-MnO2 for SOBs is 3.152 V; however, H-MnO2 impedes the formation of sodium superoxide and can hardly promote the ORR in SOBs. Both H- and Cl-MnO2 can prevent the parasitic disproportionation reaction in LOBs and SOBs that produce active singlet oxygen through different reaction mechanisms. We believe that the constructed pillared structures are efficient ORR/OER catalysts for alkali-metal-oxygen batteries. Our research provides a theoretical basis for the micro-level mechanism of LOBs and SOBs catalyzed by the pillared δ-MnO2 and sheds light on ameliorating the properties of the catalyst by constructing pillared structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Li
- Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Yang-Xin Yu
- Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
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34
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Wang Y, Han D, Kang F, Zhai D. A free-standing 3D porous all-ceramic cathode for high capacity, long cycle life Li-O 2 batteries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12792-12795. [PMID: 34782903 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02966e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The all-ceramic RuO2@La0.7Ca0.3CuO3 membrane cathode contributes to an ultra-high capacity of 21 518 mA h g-1 over 110 cycles in Li-O2 batteries. A simple infiltration technique is effective for obtaining a highly active supported RuO2 catalyst, and a solvent with a high donor number should be preferentially chosen because it contributes to a much higher capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Wang
- Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Graphene-Based Materials and Engineering Laboratory for Functionalized Carbon Materials, Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China. .,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Da Han
- Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Graphene-Based Materials and Engineering Laboratory for Functionalized Carbon Materials, Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.
| | - Feiyu Kang
- Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Graphene-Based Materials and Engineering Laboratory for Functionalized Carbon Materials, Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China. .,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Dengyun Zhai
- Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Graphene-Based Materials and Engineering Laboratory for Functionalized Carbon Materials, Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.
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35
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Pierini A, Brutti S, Bodo E. Reactions in non-aqueous alkali and alkaline-earth metal-oxygen batteries: a thermodynamic study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:24487-24496. [PMID: 34698734 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03188k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multivalent aprotic metal-oxygen batteries are a novel concept in the applied electrochemistry field. These systems are variants of the so-called Li-air batteries and up to present are in their research infancy. The superoxide disproportionation reaction is a crucial step for the operation of any metal-oxygen redox system using aprotic solvents: in the best scenario, disproportionation leads to peroxide formation while in the worse one it releases singlet molecular oxygen. In this work we address the fundamental thermodynamics of such reaction for alkali (Li, Na and K) and alkaline earth (Be, Mg and Ca) metal-O2 systems using multiconfigurational ab initio methods. Our aim is to draw a comprehensive description of the disproportionation reaction from superoxides to peroxides and to provide the thermodynamic likelihood of the pathways to singlet oxygen release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Pierini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", P. A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Sergio Brutti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", P. A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy. .,GISEL-Centro di Riferimento Nazionale per i Sistemi di Accumulo Elettrochimico di Energia, INSTM, via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Enrico Bodo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", P. A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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36
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Lin Y, Yang Q, Geng F, Feng H, Chen M, Hu B. Suppressing Singlet Oxygen Formation during the Charge Process of Li-O 2 Batteries with a Co 3O 4 Solid Catalyst Revealed by Operando Electron Paramagnetic Resonance. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:10346-10352. [PMID: 34665633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Aprotic lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) batteries promise high energy, but the cycle life has been plagued by two major obstacles, the insulating products and highly reactive singlet oxygen (1O2), which cause higher overpotential and parasitic reactions, respectively. A solid-state catalyst is known to reduce overpotential; however, it is unclear whether it affects 1O2 generation. Herein, Co3O4 was employed as the representative catalyst in Li-O2 batteries, and 1O2 generation was investigated by ex-situ and operando electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. By comparing a carbon nanotube (CNT) cathode with a Co3O4/CNT cathode, we find that 1O2 generation in the charge process can be suppressed by the Co3O4 catalyst. After carefully studying the discharge products on the two electrodes and the corresponding decomposition processes, we conclude that a LiO2-like species is responsible for the 1O2 generation during the early charge stage. The Co3O4 catalyst reduces the amount of LiO2-like species in discharge products, and thus the 1O2 formation is suppressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Qi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Fushan Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Hui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Mengdi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Bingwen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
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37
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Cao D, Liu X, Yuan X, Yu F, Chen Y. Redox Mediator-Enhanced Performance and Generation of Singlet Oxygen in Li-CO 2 Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:39341-39346. [PMID: 34382405 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable Li-CO2 batteries as a novel system developed in recent years directly use CO2 as the reactant, which enables deeper penetration of energy storage and CO2 utilization. The Li-CO2 battery system, however, is at an early stage, and many challenges remained to be overcome urgently, especially the problem of high over-potential during the charging process. Here, we report a redox mediator, phenoxathiin, to assist the decomposition of Li2CO3 during the charging process, which effectively reduces the over-potential and improves the cycling performance of the battery. Furthermore, we detect the presence of singlet oxygen during the oxidation of Li2CO3 by phenoxathiin, which reveals more of the underlying science of the reaction mechanism of the Li-CO2 battery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deqing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, School of Energy Science & Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, School of Energy Science & Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, China
| | - Xinhai Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, School of Energy Science & Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, China
| | - Fengjiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, School of Energy Science & Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, China
| | - Yuhui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, School of Energy Science & Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, China
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38
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Schürmann A, Luerßen B, Mollenhauer D, Janek J, Schröder D. Singlet Oxygen in Electrochemical Cells: A Critical Review of Literature and Theory. Chem Rev 2021; 121:12445-12464. [PMID: 34319075 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Rechargeable metal/O2 batteries have long been considered a promising future battery technology in automobile and stationary applications. However, they suffer from poor cyclability and rapid degradation. A recent hypothesis is the formation of singlet oxygen (1O2) as the root cause of these issues. Validation, evaluation, and understanding of the formation of 1O2 are therefore essential for improving metal/O2 batteries. We review literature and use Marcus theory to discuss the possibility of singlet oxygen formation in metal/O2 batteries as a product from (electro)chemical reactions. We conclude that experimental evidence is yet not fully conclusive, and side reactions can play a major role in verifying the existence of singlet oxygen. Following an in-depth analysis based on Marcus theory, we conclude that 1O2 can only originate from a chemical step. A direct electrochemical generation, as proposed by others, can be excluded on the basis of theoretical arguments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Schürmann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Center for Materials Research (LaMa), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Bjoern Luerßen
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Center for Materials Research (LaMa), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Doreen Mollenhauer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Center for Materials Research (LaMa), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Janek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Center for Materials Research (LaMa), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Daniel Schröder
- Institute of Energy and Process Systems Engineering (InES), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Langer Kamp 19B, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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39
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Gauthier M, Nguyen MH, Blondeau L, Foy E, Wong A. Operando NMR characterization of a metal-air battery using a double-compartment cell design. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2021; 113:101731. [PMID: 33823328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2021.101731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Applying operando investigations is becoming essential for acquiring fundamental insights into the reaction mechanisms and phenomena at stake in batteries currently under development. The capability of a real-time characterization of the charge/discharge electrochemical pathways and the reactivity of the electrolyte is critical to decipher the underlying chemistries and improve the battery performance. Yet, adapting operando techniques for new chemistries such as metal-oxygen (i.e. metal-air) batteries introduces challenges in the cell design due notably to the requirements of an oxygen gas supply at the cathode. Herein a simple operando cell is presented with a two-compartment cylindrical cell design for NMR spectroscopy. The design is discussed and evaluated. Operando7Li static NMR characterization on a Li-O2 battery was performed as a proof-of-concept. The productions of Li2O2, mossy Li/Li dendrites and other irreversible parasitic lithium compounds were captured in the charge/discharge processes, demonstrating the capability of tracking the evolution of the anodic and cathodic chemistry in metal-oxygen batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Gauthier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Minh Hoang Nguyen
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Lucie Blondeau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Eddy Foy
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Alan Wong
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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40
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Wang T, Pan X, Chen J, Chen Y. Critical CO 2 Concentration for Practical Lithium-Air Batteries. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:4799-4804. [PMID: 33998813 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Li-air battery is expected to become the next generation of the energy storage system because of its high theoretical energy density of 3500 Wh/kg (based on Li2O2 formation at the cathode). CO2 (∼300 ppm) in the air is regarded as an impurity for cathode reactions, because it can lead to the formation of Li2CO3, which increases the overcharge potentials, decreases energy efficiency, and gives rise to the serious decomposition of battery components. However, the impact of a low concentration of CO2 (<1000 ppm) on cell performance has not been addressed. In this work, we quantitatively characterized and analyzed the impact of a low concentration of CO2 on the electrochemical performance of Li-air batteries to investigate the tolerance of Li-air batteries to CO2. The discharge capacities and cyclability of the batteries with CO2 below 100 ppm are similar to those without CO2. The batteries with 0, 50, and 100 ppm of CO2 delivered 85, 88, and 83 cycles, respectively. At the same time, the critical byproduct Li2CO3 was quantified, and its effect on batteries is analyzed by in situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) with a distribution of relaxation time (DRT) calculation. This study promises a theoretical basis for developing CO2 removal materials and devices for Li-air batteries in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, China
| | - Xiaoyan Pan
- Shandong Chambroad Petrochemicals Co., Ltd., Boxing, Shandong 256500, China
| | - Juan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, China
| | - Yuhui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, China
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai 200050, China
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41
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Jiang F, Ma L, Sun J, Guo L, Peng Z, Cui Z, Li Y, Guo X, Zhang T. Deciphering the Enigma of Li 2CO 3 Oxidation Using a Solid-State Li-Air Battery Configuration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:14321-14326. [PMID: 33749227 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c01770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Li2CO3 is a ubiquitous byproduct in Li-air (O2) batteries, and its accumulation on the cathode could be detrimental to the devices. As a result, much efforts have been devoted to investigating its formation and decomposition, in particular, upon cycling of Li-O2 batteries. At high voltages, Li2CO3 is expected to decompose into CO2 and O2. However, as recognized from the work of many authors, only CO2, and no O2, has been identified, and the underlying mechanism remains uncertain so far. Herein, a solid-state Li-O2 battery (Li|Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12|Au) has been designed to interrogate the Li2CO3 oxidation without interferences from the decomposition of other battery components (organic electrolyte, binder, and carbon cathode) widely applied in conventional Li-O2 batteries. It is revealed that Li2CO3 can indeed be oxidized to CO2 and O2 in a more stable solid-state Li-O2 battery configuration, highlighting the feasibility of reversible operation of Li-O2 batteries with ambient air as the feeding gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangling Jiang
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Lipo Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Jiyang Sun
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Limin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Zhangquan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Zhonghui Cui
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yiqiu Li
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Xiangxin Guo
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
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42
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Shiprath K, Manjunatha H, Venkata Nadh R, Anil Babu T, Ramesh S, Chandra Babu Naidu K, Ramesha M. Synthesis and Electrochemical Characterization of NaCoO
2
as Cathode Material in 2 M NaOH Aqueous Electrolyte. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202100294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kudekallu Shiprath
- Department of Chemistry GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru Campus Bengaluru 562163, Karnataka India
| | - Hanumanthrayappa Manjunatha
- Department of Chemistry GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru Campus Bengaluru 562163, Karnataka India
| | - Ratnakaram Venkata Nadh
- Department of Chemistry GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru Campus Bengaluru 562163, Karnataka India
| | - Tadiboyina Anil Babu
- Department of Physics GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University) Bengaluru 562163, Karnataka India
| | - Singampalli Ramesh
- Department of Physics GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University) Bengaluru 562163, Karnataka India
| | - Kadiyala Chandra Babu Naidu
- Department of Physics GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University) Bengaluru 562163, Karnataka India
| | - Muniyappa Ramesha
- Department of EECE GITAM School of Technology, GITAM (Deemed to be University) Bengaluru India
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Feng N, Wang B, Yu Z, Gu Y, Xu L, Ma J, Wang Y, Xia Y. Mechanism-of-Action Elucidation of Reversible Li-CO 2 Batteries Using the Water-in-Salt Electrolyte. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:7396-7404. [PMID: 33541086 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c01306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Li-CO2 batteries have attracted worldwide attention because of their dual characteristics of high energy density and effective CO2 capture. However, the basic electrochemistry mechanism involved has been unclear, which is mainly confused by the complicated decomposition of organic electrolytes. Herein, water-in-salt (WIS, LiTFSI/H2O 21.0 mol/1 kg) has been explored as a suitable electrolyte for the first time to investigate the reaction mechanism of Li-CO2 batteries with different cathodes (carbon nanotube (CNT) and Mo2C/CNT, respectively). An Mo2C-based Li-CO2 battery with WIS delivers a higher energy efficiency of 83% and a superior cyclability, compared to those of the CNT-based counterpart cell. Through various ex/in situ qualitative/quantitative characterizations, the Mo2C-based Li-CO2 battery with WIS can operate on the reversible conversion of CO2-to-Li2C2O4 ((e-/CO2)ideal = 1) at lower discharge/charge overpotentials, while the CNT-based counterpart cell is based on the formation/decomposition of Li2CO3 ((e-/CO2)ideal ≈ 1.33) at high overpotentials. Such a difference in CO2 reduction products stems from the stronger interaction between Mo2C(101) and Li2C2O4 than that of the CNT and Li2C2O4 based on the density functional theory calculations, resulting in the selective stabilization of the intermediate product Li2C2O4 on the Mo2C surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Feng
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of New Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Ceramic Materials, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Bingliang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of New Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhuo Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of New Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuming Gu
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lili Xu
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of New Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yongyao Xia
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of New Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Strauss F, Teo JH, Maibach J, Kim AY, Mazilkin A, Janek J, Brezesinski T. Li 2ZrO 3-Coated NCM622 for Application in Inorganic Solid-State Batteries: Role of Surface Carbonates in the Cycling Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:57146-57154. [PMID: 33302618 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c18590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
All-inorganic solid-state batteries (SSBs) currently attract much attention as next-generation high-density energy-storage technology. However, to make SSBs competitive with conventional Li-ion batteries, several obstacles and challenges must be overcome, many of which are related to interface stability issues. Protective coatings can be applied to the electrode materials to mitigate side reactions with the solid electrolyte, with lithium transition metal oxides, such as LiNbO3 or Li2ZrO3, being well established in research. In addition, it has been recognized lately that carbonates incorporated into the coating may also positively affect the interface stability. In this work, we studied the effect that surface carbonates in case of Li2ZrO3-coated Li1+x(Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2)1-xO2 (NCM622) cathode material have on the cyclability of pellet stack SSB cells with Li6PS5Cl and Li4Ti5O12 as a solid electrolyte and an anode, respectively. Both carbonate-rich and carbonate-poor hybrid coatings were produced by altering the synthesis conditions. The best cycling performance was achieved for carbonate-deficient Li2ZrO3-coated NCM622 due to decreased degradation of the argyrodite solid electrolyte at the interfaces, as determined by ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and in situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry. The results emphasize the importance of tailoring the composition and nature of protective coatings to improve the cyclability of bulk SSBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Strauss
- Battery and Electrochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jun Hao Teo
- Battery and Electrochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Julia Maibach
- Institute for Applied Materials - Energy Storage Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - A-Young Kim
- Battery and Electrochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Andrey Mazilkin
- Battery and Electrochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Janek
- Battery and Electrochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry & Center for Materials Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Torsten Brezesinski
- Battery and Electrochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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Kang JH, Lee J, Jung JW, Park J, Jang T, Kim HS, Nam JS, Lim H, Yoon KR, Ryu WH, Kim ID, Byon HR. Lithium-Air Batteries: Air-Breathing Challenges and Perspective. ACS NANO 2020; 14:14549-14578. [PMID: 33146514 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) batteries have been intensively investigated in recent decades for their utilization in electric vehicles. The intrinsic challenges arising from O2 (electro)chemistry have been mitigated by developing various types of catalysts, porous electrode materials, and stable electrolyte solutions. At the next stage, we face the need to reform batteries by substituting pure O2 gas with air from Earth's atmosphere. Thus, the key emerging challenges of Li-air batteries, which are related to the selective filtration of O2 gas from air and the suppression of undesired reactions with other constituents in air, such as N2, water vapor (H2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2), should be properly addressed. In this review, we discuss all key aspects for developing Li-air batteries that are optimized for operating in ambient air and highlight the crucial considerations and perspectives for future air-breathing batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hyuk Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Won Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Taegyu Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University, 100 Cheongpa-ro 47-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Nam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeseong Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Ro Yoon
- Advanced Textile R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 143 Hanggaul-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Hee Ryu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University, 100 Cheongpa-ro 47-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Doo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ryung Byon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Ue M, Asahina H, Matsuda S, Uosaki K. Material balance in the O 2 electrode of Li-O 2 cells with a porous carbon electrode and TEGDME-based electrolytes. RSC Adv 2020; 10:42971-42982. [PMID: 35514881 PMCID: PMC9058141 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07924c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This work figures out the material balance of the reactions occurring in the O2 electrode of a Li–O2 cell, where a Ketjenblack-based porous carbon electrode comes into contact with a tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME)-based electrolyte under more practical conditions of less electrolyte amount and high areal capacity. The ratio of electrolyte weight to cell capacity (E/C, g A h−1) is a good parameter to correlate with cycle life. Only 5 cycles were obtained at an areal capacity of 4 mA h cm−2 (E/C = 10) and a discharge/charge current density of 0.4 mA cm−2, which corresponds to the energy density of 170 W h kg−1 at a complete cell level. When the areal capacity was decreased to half (E/C = 20) by setting a current density at 0.2 mA cm−2, the cycle life was extended to 18 cycles. However, the total electric charge consumed for parasitic reactions was 35 and 59% at the first and the third cycle, respectively. This surprisingly large amount of parasitic reactions was suppressed by half using redox mediators at 0.4 mA cm−2 while keeping a similar cycle life. Based on by-product distribution, we will propose possible mechanisms of TEGDME decomposition and report a water breathing behavior, where H2O is produced during charge and consumed during discharge. The material balance in the O2 electrode of a Li–O2 cell with a Ketjenblack-based porous carbon electrode and a tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether-based electrolyte under more practical conditions of less electrolyte amount and high areal capacity.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Ue
- Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) Japan
| | - Hitoshi Asahina
- Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) Japan .,SoftBank-NIMS Advanced Technologies Development Center 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan
| | - Shoichi Matsuda
- Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) Japan .,SoftBank-NIMS Advanced Technologies Development Center 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan
| | - Kohei Uosaki
- Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) Japan .,SoftBank-NIMS Advanced Technologies Development Center 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan
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Hatsukade T, Zorko M, Haering D, Markovic NM, Stamenkovic VR, Strmcnik D. Detection of protons using the rotating ring disk electrode method during electrochemical oxidation of battery electrolytes. Electrochem commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2020.106785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Seong WM, Cho K, Park J, Park H, Eum D, Lee MH, Kim IS, Lim J, Kang K. Controlling Residual Lithium in High‐Nickel (>90 %) Lithium Layered Oxides for Cathodes in Lithium‐Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Won Mo Seong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM) Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Current address: Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA
| | - Kwang‐Hwan Cho
- Platform 1 team R&D Center Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Yongin-si Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Ji‐Won Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM) Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeokjun Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM) Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Donggun Eum
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM) Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Hwan Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM) Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Il‐seok Stephen Kim
- Platform 1 team R&D Center Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Yongin-si Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Jongwoo Lim
- Department of Chemistry Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Kisuk Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM) Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research College of Engineering Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
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