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Homanics GE, Park JE, Bailey L, Schaeffer DJ, Schaeffer L, He J, Li S, Zhang T, Haber A, Spruce C, Greenwood A, Murai T, Schultz L, Mongeau L, Ha S, Oluoch J, Stein B, Choi SH, Huhe H, Thathiah A, Strick PL, Carter GW, Silva AC, Sukoff Rizzo SJ. Early molecular events of autosomal-dominant Alzheimer's disease in marmosets with PSEN1 mutations. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:3455-3471. [PMID: 38574388 PMCID: PMC11095452 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fundamental questions remain about the key mechanisms that initiate Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the factors that promote its progression. Here we report the successful generation of the first genetically engineered marmosets that carry knock-in (KI) point mutations in the presenilin 1 (PSEN1) gene that can be studied from birth throughout lifespan. METHODS CRISPR/Cas9 was used to generate marmosets with C410Y or A426P point mutations in PSEN1. Founders and their germline offspring are comprehensively studied longitudinally using non-invasive measures including behavior, biomarkers, neuroimaging, and multiomics signatures. RESULTS Prior to adulthood, increases in plasma amyloid beta were observed in PSEN1 mutation carriers relative to non-carriers. Analysis of brain revealed alterations in several enzyme-substrate interactions within the gamma secretase complex prior to adulthood. DISCUSSION Marmosets carrying KI point mutations in PSEN1 provide the opportunity to study the earliest primate-specific mechanisms that contribute to the molecular and cellular root causes of AD onset and progression. HIGHLIGHTS We report the successful generation of genetically engineered marmosets harboring knock-in point mutations in the PSEN1 gene. PSEN1 marmosets and their germline offspring recapitulate the early emergence of AD-related biomarkers. Studies as early in life as possible in PSEN1 marmosets will enable the identification of primate-specific mechanisms that drive disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregg E. Homanics
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of NeurobiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Brain InstituteUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Jung Eun Park
- Department of NeurobiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Brain InstituteUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Lauren Bailey
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - David J. Schaeffer
- Department of NeurobiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Brain InstituteUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Lauren Schaeffer
- Department of NeurobiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Brain InstituteUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Jie He
- Department of StatisticsUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Shuoran Li
- Department of StatisticsUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of StatisticsUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | | | | | - Takeshi Murai
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Laura Schultz
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Lauren Mongeau
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Seung‐Kwon Ha
- Department of NeurobiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Brain InstituteUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Julia Oluoch
- Department of NeurobiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Brain InstituteUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Brianne Stein
- Department of NeurobiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Brain InstituteUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Sang Ho Choi
- Department of NeurobiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Brain InstituteUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Hasi Huhe
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Amantha Thathiah
- Department of NeurobiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Brain InstituteUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Peter L. Strick
- Department of NeurobiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Brain InstituteUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Afonso C. Silva
- Department of NeurobiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Brain InstituteUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Stacey J. Sukoff Rizzo
- Department of NeurobiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Brain InstituteUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
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Sogabe K, Hata J, Yoshimaru D, Hagiya K, Okano HJ, Okano H. Structural MRI analysis of age-related changes and sex differences in marmoset brain volume. Neurosci Res 2024:S0168-0102(24)00053-1. [PMID: 38636670 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The field of aging biology, which aims to extend healthy lifespans and prevent age-related diseases, has turned its focus to the Callithrix jacchus (common marmoset) to understand the aging process better. This study utilized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to non-invasively analyze the brains of 216 marmosets, investigating age-related changes in brain structure; the relationship between body weight and brain volume; and potential differences between males and females. The key findings revealed that, similar to humans, Callithrix jacchus experiences a reduction in total intracranial volume, cortex, subcortex, thalamus, and cingulate volumes as they age, highlighting site-dependent changes in brain tissue. Notably, the study also uncovered sex differences in cerebellar volume. These insights into the structural connectivity and volumetric changes in the marmoset brain throughout aging contribute to accumulating valuable knowledge in the field, promising to inform future aging research and interventions for enhancing healthspan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumi Sogabe
- The Jikei University School of Medicine, Japan; Teikyo University Faculty of Medical Technology, Japan
| | - Junichi Hata
- The Jikei University School of Medicine, Japan; Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yoshimaru
- The Jikei University School of Medicine, Japan; Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kei Hagiya
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hirotaka James Okano
- The Jikei University School of Medicine, Japan; Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan; Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan; Keio University Regenerative Medicine Research Center 3-25-10 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan.
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Murai T, Bailey L, Schultz L, Mongeau L, DeSana A, Silva AC, Roberts AC, Sukoff Rizzo SJ. Improving preclinical to clinical translation of cognitive function for aging-related disorders: the utility of comprehensive touchscreen testing batteries in common marmosets. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2024; 24:325-348. [PMID: 38200282 PMCID: PMC11039501 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-023-01144-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Concerns about poor animal to human translation have come increasingly to the fore, in particular with regards to cognitive improvements in rodent models, which have failed to translate to meaningful clinical benefit in humans. This problem has been widely acknowledged, most recently in the field of Alzheimer's disease, although this issue pervades the spectrum of central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric, and neurodegenerative diseases. Consequently, recent efforts have focused on improving preclinical to clinical translation by incorporating more clinically analogous outcome measures of cognition, such as touchscreen-based assays, which can be employed across species, and have great potential to minimize the translational gap. For aging-related research, it also is important to incorporate model systems that facilitate the study of the long prodromal phase in which cognitive decline begins to emerge and which is a major limitation of short-lived species, such as laboratory rodents. We posit that to improve translation of cognitive function and dysfunction, nonhuman primate models, which have conserved anatomical and functional organization of the primate brain, are necessary to move the field of translational research forward and to bridge the translational gaps. The present studies describe the establishment of a comprehensive battery of touchscreen-based tasks that capture a spectrum of domains sensitive to detecting aging-related cognitive decline, which will provide the greatest benefit through longitudinal evaluation throughout the prolonged lifespan of the marmoset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Murai
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lauren Bailey
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Laura Schultz
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lauren Mongeau
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Andrew DeSana
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Afonso C Silva
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 514A Bridgeside Point 1, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Angela C Roberts
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stacey J Sukoff Rizzo
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 514A Bridgeside Point 1, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.
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An R, Lu C, Wang C, Chang L, Huang J, Jiang F, Xu TL, Gong N. Developmental Patterns and Gender Differences of Vocal Production in Marmoset Monkeys. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:133-138. [PMID: 37914957 PMCID: PMC10774232 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01137-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin An
- Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Chaocheng Lu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Liangtang Chang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Junfeng Huang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Tian-Le Xu
- Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China.
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Neng Gong
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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Ash H, Goy RW, Spaulding A, Colman RJ, Corbett CJ, Ziegler TE. Cognitive development from infancy to young adulthood in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus): Effect of age, sex, and hormones on learning and affective state. Dev Psychobiol 2023; 65:e22430. [PMID: 37860906 PMCID: PMC10804839 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Studies looking at individual variability in cognition have increased in recent years. We followed 43 marmosets (21 males, 22 females) from infancy to young adulthood. At 3-months old, marmosets were trained to touch a rewarded stimulus. At 9-, 15-, and 21-months old, they were given visual discrimination and cognitive bias tests, and urine samples were collected to examine hormone levels. Marmosets were significantly more successful learners at 15 months than 9 months. Individuals who were more successful learners at 9 months were also more successful at 15 months, with more male learners than expected at 15 months. At 9 months, learning success was associated with higher cortisol levels. At 15 months, males with higher estradiol levels were more successful learners, whereas at 21 months, females with higher estradiol and cortisol levels tended to be less successful learners and more pessimistic. Nine months, therefore, appears to be an important developmental timepoint for acquiring cognitive control, which has developed by 15 months. Steroids may have differential effects on each sex, with complex interactions between gonadal and adrenal hormones having an influence on cognitive function over the lifespan. This longitudinal study offers new insight into cognition, including its development and biological underpinnings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Ash
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center (WNPRC), University of Wisconsin, Madison WI, United States
| | - Robinson W. Goy
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center (WNPRC), University of Wisconsin, Madison WI, United States
| | - Abigail Spaulding
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center (WNPRC), University of Wisconsin, Madison WI, United States
| | - Ricki J. Colman
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center (WNPRC), University of Wisconsin, Madison WI, United States
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison WI, United States
| | - Cody J. Corbett
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center (WNPRC), University of Wisconsin, Madison WI, United States
| | - Toni E. Ziegler
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center (WNPRC), University of Wisconsin, Madison WI, United States
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Morales-Gregorio A, van Meegen A, van Albada SJ. Ubiquitous lognormal distribution of neuron densities in mammalian cerebral cortex. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:9439-9449. [PMID: 37409647 PMCID: PMC10438924 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Numbers of neurons and their spatial variation are fundamental organizational features of the brain. Despite the large corpus of cytoarchitectonic data available in the literature, the statistical distributions of neuron densities within and across brain areas remain largely uncharacterized. Here, we show that neuron densities are compatible with a lognormal distribution across cortical areas in several mammalian species, and find that this also holds true within cortical areas. A minimal model of noisy cell division, in combination with distributed proliferation times, can account for the coexistence of lognormal distributions within and across cortical areas. Our findings uncover a new organizational principle of cortical cytoarchitecture: the ubiquitous lognormal distribution of neuron densities, which adds to a long list of lognormal variables in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Morales-Gregorio
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-6) and Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS-6) and JARA-Institut Brain Structure-Function Relationships (INM-10), Jülich Research Centre, Wilhelm-Johnen-Str., 52428 Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str., 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander van Meegen
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-6) and Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS-6) and JARA-Institut Brain Structure-Function Relationships (INM-10), Jülich Research Centre, Wilhelm-Johnen-Str., 52428 Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str., 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sacha J van Albada
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-6) and Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS-6) and JARA-Institut Brain Structure-Function Relationships (INM-10), Jülich Research Centre, Wilhelm-Johnen-Str., 52428 Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str., 50674 Cologne, Germany
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Abreu F, Pika S. Turn-taking skills in mammals: A systematic review into development and acquisition. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.987253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
How human language evolved remains one of the most intriguing questions in science, and different approaches have been used to tackle this question. A recent hypothesis, the Interaction Engine Hypothesis, postulates that language was made possible through the special capacity for social interaction involving different social cognitive skills (e.g., joint attention, common ground) and specific characteristics such as face-to-face interaction, mutual gaze and turn-taking, the exchange of rapid communicative turns. Recently, it has been argued that this turn-taking infrastructure may be a foundational and ancient mechanism of the layered system of language because communicative turn-taking has been found in human infants and across several non-human primate species. Moreover, there is some evidence for turn-taking in different mammalian taxa, especially those capable of vocal learning. Surprisingly, however, the existing studies have mainly focused on turn-taking production of adult individuals, while little is known about its emergence and development in young individuals. Hence, the aim of the current paper was 2-fold: First, we carried out a systematic review of turn-taking development and acquisition in mammals to evaluate possible research bias and existing gaps. Second, we highlight research avenues to spur more research into this domain and investigate if distinct turn-taking elements can be found in other non-human animal species. Since mammals exhibit an extended development period, including learning and strong parental care, they represent an excellent model group in which to investigate the acquisition and development of turn-taking abilities. We performed a systematic review including a wide range of terms and found 21 studies presenting findings on turn-taking abilities in infants and juveniles. Most of these studies were from the last decade, showing an increased interest in this field over the years. Overall, we found a considerable variation in the terminologies and methodological approaches used. In addition, studies investigating turn-taking abilities across different development periods and in relation to different social partners were very rare, thereby hampering direct, systematic comparisons within and across species. Nonetheless, the results of some studies suggested that specific turn-taking elements are innate, while others are acquired during development (e.g., flexibility). Finally, we pinpoint fruitful research avenues and hypotheses to move the field of turn-taking development forward and improve our understanding of the impact of turn-taking on language evolution.
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Age-Related Learning and Working Memory Impairment in the Common Marmoset. J Neurosci 2022; 42:8870-8880. [PMID: 36257687 PMCID: PMC9698676 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0985-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the greatest risk factor for the development of neurodegenerative diseases, yet we still do not understand how the aging process leads to pathologic vulnerability. The research community has relied heavily on mouse models, but the considerable anatomic, physiological, and cognitive differences between mice and humans limit their translational relevance. Ultimately, these barriers necessitate the development of novel aging models. As a nonhuman primate (NHP), the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) shares many features in common with humans and yet has a significantly shorter lifespan (10 years) than other primates, making it ideally suited to longitudinal studies of aging. Our objective was to evaluate the marmoset as a model of age-related cognitive impairment. To do this, we used the Delayed Recognition Span Task (DRST) to characterize age-related changes in working memory capacity in a cohort of sixteen marmosets, of both sexes, varying in age from young adult to geriatric. These monkeys performed thousands of trials over periods of time ranging up to 50% of their adult lifespan. To our knowledge, this represents the most thorough cognitive profiling of any marmoset aging study conducted to date. By analyzing individual learning curves, we found that aged animals exhibited delayed onset of learning, slowed learning rate after onset, and decreased asymptotic working memory performance. These findings are not accounted for by age-related impairments in motor speed and motivation. This work firmly establishes the marmoset as a model of age-related cognitive impairment.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Understanding the normal aging process is fundamental to identifying therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases for which aging is the biggest risk factor. Historically, the aging field has relied on animal models that differ markedly from humans, constraining translatability. Here, we firmly establish a short-lived nonhuman primate (NHP), the common marmoset, as a key model of age-related cognitive impairment. We demonstrate, through continuous testing over a substantial portion of the adult marmoset lifespan, that aging is associated with both impaired learning and working memory capacity, unaccounted for by age-related changes in motor speed and motivation. Characterizing individual cognitive aging trajectories reveals inherent heterogeneity, which could lead to earlier identification of the onset of impairment, and extended timelines during which therapeutics are effective.
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Samandra R, Haque ZZ, Rosa MGP, Mansouri FA. The marmoset as a model for investigating the neural basis of social cognition in health and disease. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 138:104692. [PMID: 35569579 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Social-cognitive processes facilitate the use of environmental cues to understand others, and to be understood by others. Animal models provide vital insights into the neural underpinning of social behaviours. To understand social cognition at even deeper behavioural, cognitive, neural, and molecular levels, we need to develop more representative study models, which allow testing of novel hypotheses using human-relevant cognitive tasks. Due to their cooperative breeding system and relatively small size, common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) offer a promising translational model for such endeavours. In addition to having social behavioural patterns and group dynamics analogous to those of humans, marmosets have cortical brain areas relevant for the mechanistic analysis of human social cognition, albeit in simplified form. Thus, they are likely suitable animal models for deciphering the physiological processes, connectivity and molecular mechanisms supporting advanced cognitive functions. Here, we review findings emerging from marmoset social and behavioural studies, which have already provided significant insights into executive, motivational, social, and emotional dysfunction associated with neurological and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranshikha Samandra
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Zakia Z Haque
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Marcello G P Rosa
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; ARC Centre for Integrative Brain Function, Monash University, Australia.
| | - Farshad Alizadeh Mansouri
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; ARC Centre for Integrative Brain Function, Monash University, Australia.
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A mechanism for punctuating equilibria during mammalian vocal development. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1010173. [PMID: 35696441 PMCID: PMC9232141 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Evolution and development are typically characterized as the outcomes of gradual changes, but sometimes (states of equilibrium can be punctuated by sudden change. Here, we studied the early vocal development of three different mammals: common marmoset monkeys, Egyptian fruit bats, and humans. Consistent with the notion of punctuated equilibria, we found that all three species undergo at least one sudden transition in the acoustics of their developing vocalizations. To understand the mechanism, we modeled different developmental landscapes. We found that the transition was best described as a shift in the balance of two vocalization landscapes. We show that the natural dynamics of these two landscapes are consistent with the dynamics of energy expenditure and information transmission. By using them as constraints for each species, we predicted the differences in transition timing from immature to mature vocalizations. Using marmoset monkeys, we were able to manipulate both infant energy expenditure (vocalizing in an environment with lighter air) and information transmission (closed-loop contingent parental vocal playback). These experiments support the importance of energy and information in leading to punctuated equilibrium states of vocal development. Species can sometimes evolve suddenly; their appearance is preceded and followed by long periods of stability. This process is known as “punctuated equilibrium”. Our data show that for three mammalian species—marmoset monkeys, fruit bats, and humans—early vocal development trajectories can also be characterized as different equilibrium states punctuated by sharp transitions; transitions indicate the advent of a new vocal behavior. To better understand the putative mechanism behind such transitions, we show that a balance model, in which variables trade-off in their importance over time, captured this change by accurately simulating the shape of the developmental trajectory and predicting the timing of the transition between immature and mature vocal states for all three species. Two variables—energy and information—were hypothesized to trade-off during development. We tested and found support for this hypothesis in analyses of two marmoset monkey experiments, one which manipulated energy metabolic costs and another which manipulated information transmission.
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Calapai A, Cabrera-Moreno J, Moser T, Jeschke M. Flexible auditory training, psychophysics, and enrichment of common marmosets with an automated, touchscreen-based system. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1648. [PMID: 35347139 PMCID: PMC8960775 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29185-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Devising new and more efficient protocols to analyze the phenotypes of non-human primates, as well as their complex nervous systems, is rapidly becoming of paramount importance. This is because with genome-editing techniques, recently adopted to non-human primates, new animal models for fundamental and translational research have been established. One aspect in particular, namely cognitive hearing, has been difficult to assess compared to visual cognition. To address this, we devised autonomous, standardized, and unsupervised training and testing of auditory capabilities of common marmosets with a cage-based standalone, wireless system. All marmosets tested voluntarily operated the device on a daily basis and went from naïve to experienced at their own pace and with ease. Through a series of experiments, here we show, that animals autonomously learn to associate sounds with images; to flexibly discriminate sounds, and to detect sounds of varying loudness. The developed platform and training principles combine in-cage training of common marmosets for cognitive and psychoacoustic assessment with an enriched environment that does not rely on dietary restriction or social separation, in compliance with the 3Rs principle. The authors present a cage-based stand-alone platform for autonomous, standardized, and unsupervised training and testing of visuo-auditory-cued behaviours of common marmosets. The experiments do not require dietary restriction or social separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Calapai
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz-Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany.,Cognitive Hearing in Primates (CHiP) Group, Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz-Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany.,Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz-Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany.,Leibniz ScienceCampus "Primate Cognition", Göttingen, Germany
| | - J Cabrera-Moreno
- Cognitive Hearing in Primates (CHiP) Group, Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz-Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany.,Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz-Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.,Göttingen Graduate School for Neurosciences, Biophysics and Molecular Biosciences, University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - T Moser
- Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz-Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.,Göttingen Graduate School for Neurosciences, Biophysics and Molecular Biosciences, University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.,Auditory Neuroscience Group and Synaptic Nanophysiology Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - M Jeschke
- Cognitive Hearing in Primates (CHiP) Group, Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz-Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany. .,Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz-Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany. .,Leibniz ScienceCampus "Primate Cognition", Göttingen, Germany. .,Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
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12
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de Oliveira LR, Borges LS, Sarmet M, Kagiyama K, Silva BO, Picinato-Pirola M, Takehara S, Kumei Y, Zeredo JLL. "Anatomical, behavioral, and physiological analyses of craniofacial development by cineradiographic imaging in marmosets". J Oral Rehabil 2022; 49:701-711. [PMID: 35340028 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonhuman primates are the closest animal models to humans regarding genetics, physiology, and behavior. Marmoset monkeys in particular are one of the most versatile species for biomedical research. OBJECTIVE To assess the craniofacial growth and development of the masticatory function in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), from birth to the fourth month of life through minimally invasive cineradiographic imaging. METHODS Ten individuals were followed-up from zero to four months of age regarding craniofacial growth and masticatory function assessed by cineradiography. For the experimental procedure, we used a microfocal x-ray source apparatus and a beryllium fast-response image-intensifier. RESULTS The duration of the masticatory cycles was stable across age groups. Chewing a very soft Castella cake or the slightly harder Marshmallow did not change the masticatory cycle in the time domain. On the other hand, linear and angular measurements of the jaw-opening movement showed a tendency for bigger movements at the latter stages of craniofacial growth. Qualitative analysis showed that marmosets had a small preference for Castella over Marshmallow, that they most often bit off pieces of food to chew with their posterior teeth, that they manipulated the food with their hands, and that they chewed the food continuously. CONCLUSION We observed critical developmental events during the first three months of life in marmosets. Cineradiographic imaging in marmosets may provide valuable information on craniofacial form and function for basic and preclinical research models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luana Siqueira Borges
- Graduate School of Health Science and Technology, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Max Sarmet
- Graduate School of Health Science and Technology, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Brena Oliveira Silva
- Graduate School of Health Science and Technology, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Melissa Picinato-Pirola
- Graduate School of Health Science and Technology, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Sachiko Takehara
- Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kumei
- Department of Pathological Biochemistry, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jorge Luís Lopes Zeredo
- Graduate School of Health Science and Technology, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil
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13
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Varella TT, Ghazanfar AA. Cooperative care and the evolution of the prelinguistic vocal learning. Dev Psychobiol 2021; 63:1583-1588. [PMID: 33826142 PMCID: PMC8355020 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The development of the earliest vocalizations of human infants is influenced by social feedback from caregivers. As these vocalizations change, they increasingly elicit such feedback. This pattern of development is in stark contrast to that of our close phylogenetic relatives, Old World monkeys and apes, who produce mature-sounding vocalizations at birth. We put forth a scenario to account for this difference: Humans have a cooperative breeding strategy, which pressures infants to compete for the attention from caregivers. Humans use this strategy because large brained human infants are energetically costly and born altricial. An altricial brain accommodates vocal learning. To test this hypothetical scenario, we present findings from New World marmoset monkeys indicating that, through convergent evolution, this species adopted a largely identical developmental system-one that includes vocal learning and cooperative breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago T. Varella
- Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, USA
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, USA
| | - Asif A. Ghazanfar
- Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, USA
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, USA
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, USA
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14
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de Sousa MBC, de Meiroz Grilo MLP, Galvão-Coelho NL. Natural and Experimental Evidence Drives Marmosets for Research on Psychiatric Disorders Related to Stress. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:674256. [PMID: 34177478 PMCID: PMC8227430 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.674256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the behavioral ecology of marmosets carried out in their natural habitat associated with the advent of a non-invasive technique for measuring steroid hormones in feces has made a significant contribution to understanding their social relationships and sexual strategies. These studies showed that they are mainly monogamous, live in relatively stable social groups according to a social hierarchy in which females compete and males cooperate, and form social bonds similar to humans, which makes this species a potential animal model to study disorders related to social stress. In addition, laboratory studies observed the expression of behaviors similar to those in nature and deepened the descriptions of their social and reproductive strategies. They also characterized their responses to the challenge using behavioral, cognitive, physiological, and genetic approaches that were sexually dimorphic and influenced by age and social context. These findings, added to some advantages which indicate good adaptation to captivity and the benefits of the birth of twins, small size, and life cycle in comparison to primates of the Old World, led to their use as animal models for validating psychiatric diseases such as major depression. Juvenile marmosets have recently been used to develop a depression model and to test a psychedelic brew called Ayahuasca from the Amazon rainforest as an alternative treatment for major depression, for which positive results have been found which encourage further studies in adolescents. Therefore, we will review the experimental evidence obtained so far and discuss the extension of the marmoset as an animal model for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bernardete Cordeiro de Sousa
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil.,Postgraduation Program in Psychobiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil.,Postgraduation Program in Neuroscience, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil.,Laboratory of Advanced Studies in Primates, UFRN-Brazil, and Laboratory of Hormone Measurement, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Natal, Brazil
| | - Maria Lara Porpino de Meiroz Grilo
- Postgraduation Program in Psychobiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil.,Laboratory of Advanced Studies in Primates, UFRN-Brazil, and Laboratory of Hormone Measurement, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Natal, Brazil
| | - Nicole Leite Galvão-Coelho
- Postgraduation Program in Psychobiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil.,Laboratory of Advanced Studies in Primates, UFRN-Brazil, and Laboratory of Hormone Measurement, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Natal, Brazil.,Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Translational Medicine, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
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15
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Gultekin YB, Hildebrand DGC, Hammerschmidt K, Hage SR. High plasticity in marmoset monkey vocal development from infancy to adulthood. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/27/eabf2938. [PMID: 34193413 PMCID: PMC8245035 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf2938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The vocal behavior of human infants undergoes marked changes across their first year while becoming increasingly speech-like. Conversely, vocal development in nonhuman primates has been assumed to be largely predetermined and completed within the first postnatal months. Contradicting this assumption, we found a dichotomy between the development of call features and vocal sequences in marmoset monkeys, suggestive of a role for experience. While changes in call features were related to physical maturation, sequences of and transitions between calls remained flexible until adulthood. As in humans, marmoset vocal behavior developed in stages correlated with motor and social development stages. These findings are evidence for a prolonged phase of plasticity during marmoset vocal development, a crucial primate evolutionary preadaptation for the emergence of vocal learning and speech.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin B Gultekin
- Neurobiology of Social Communication, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Center, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - David G C Hildebrand
- Laboratory of Neural Systems, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kurt Hammerschmidt
- Cognitive Ethology Laboratory, German Primate Center, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Steffen R Hage
- Neurobiology of Social Communication, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Center, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
- Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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16
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Koizumi M, Nogami N, Owari K, Kawanobe A, Nakatani T, Seki K. Motility Profile of Captive-Bred Marmosets Revealed by a Long-Term In-Cage Monitoring System. Front Syst Neurosci 2021; 15:645308. [PMID: 33935661 PMCID: PMC8081884 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2021.645308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A quantitative evaluation of motility is crucial for studies employing experimental animals. Here, we describe the development of an in-cage motility monitoring method for new world monkeys using off-the-shelf components, and demonstrate its capability for long-term operation (e.g., a year). Based on this novel system, we characterized the motility of the common marmoset over different time scales (seconds, hours, days, and weeks). Monitoring of seven young animals belonging to two different age groups (sub-adult and young-adult) over a 231-day period revealed: (1) strictly diurnal activity (97.3% of movement during daytime), (2) short-cycle (∼20 s) transition in activity, and (3) bimodal diurnal activity including a "siesta" break. Additionally, while the mean duration of short-cycle activity, net daily activity, and diurnal activity changed over the course of development, 24-h periodicity remained constant. Finally, the method allowed for detection of progressive motility deterioration in a transgenic marmoset. Motility measurement offers a convenient way to characterize developmental and pathological changes in animals, as well as an economical and labor-free means for long-term evaluation in a wide range of basic and translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kazuhiko Seki
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Atapour N, Worthy KH, Rosa MGP. Neurochemical changes in the primate lateral geniculate nucleus following lesions of striate cortex in infancy and adulthood: implications for residual vision and blindsight. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 226:2763-2775. [PMID: 33743077 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02257-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Following lesions of the primary visual cortex (V1), the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) undergoes substantial cell loss due to retrograde degeneration. However, visually responsive neurons remain in the degenerated sector of LGN, and these have been implicated in mediation of residual visual capacities that remain within the affected sectors of the visual field. Using immunohistochemistry, we compared the neurochemical characteristics of LGN neurons in V1-lesioned marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus) with those of non-lesioned control animals. We found that GABAergic neurons form approximately 6.5% of the neuronal population in the normal LGN, where most of these cells express the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin. Following long-term V1 lesions in adult monkeys, we observed a marked increase (~ sevenfold) in the proportion of GABA-expressing neurons in the degenerated sector of the LGN, indicating that GABAergic cells are less affected by retrograde degeneration in comparison with magno- and parvocellular projection neurons. In addition, following early postnatal V1 lesions and survival into adulthood, we found widespread expression of GABA in putative projection neurons, even outside the degenerated sectors (lesion projection zones). Our findings show that changes in the ratio of GABAergic neurons in LGN need to be taken into account in the interpretation of the mechanisms of visual abilities that survive V1 lesions in primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Atapour
- Neuroscience Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia. .,Australian Research Council, Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, Monash University Node, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Katrina H Worthy
- Neuroscience Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Marcello G P Rosa
- Neuroscience Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia.,Australian Research Council, Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, Monash University Node, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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18
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Murai T, Sukoff Rizzo SJ. The Importance of Complementary Collaboration of Researchers, Veterinarians, and Husbandry Staff in the Successful Training of Marmoset Behavioral Assays. ILAR J 2021; 61:230-247. [PMID: 33501501 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilaa024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in marmosets as research models has seen exponential growth over the last decade, especially given that the research community is eager to improve on gaps with historical animal models for behavioral and cognitive disorders. The spectrum of human disease traits that present naturally in marmosets, as well as the range of analogous human behaviors that can be assessed in marmosets, makes them ideally suited as translational models for behavioral and cognitive disorders. Regardless of the specific research aims of any project, without close collaboration between researchers, veterinarians, and animal care staff, it would be impossible to meet these goals. Behavior is inherently variable, as are marmosets that are genetically and phenotypically diverse. Thus, to ensure rigor, reliability, and reproducibility in results, it is important that in the research environment, the animal's daily husbandry and veterinary needs are being met and align with the research goals while keeping the welfare of the animal the most critical and highest priority. Much of the information described herein provides details on key components for successful behavioral testing, based on a compendium of methods from peer-reviewed publications and our own experiences. Specific areas highlighted include habituation procedures, selection of appropriate rewards, optimization of testing environments, and ways to integrate regular veterinary and husbandry procedures into the research program with minimal disruptions to the behavioral testing plan. This article aims to provide a broad foundation for researchers new to establishing behavioral and cognitive testing paradigms in marmosets and especially for the veterinary and husbandry colleagues who are indispensable collaborators of these research projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Murai
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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19
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Santana-Coelho D, Layne-Colon D, Valdespino R, Ross CC, Tardif SD, O'Connor JC. Advancing Autism Research From Mice to Marmosets: Behavioral Development of Offspring Following Prenatal Maternal Immune Activation. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:705554. [PMID: 34421684 PMCID: PMC8377364 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.705554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism(s) by which maternal immune activation (MIA) during gestation may disrupt neurodevelopment and increase the susceptibility for disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or schizophrenia is a critical step in the development of better treatments and preventive measures. A large body of literature has investigated the pathophysiology of MIA in rodents. However, a translatability gap plagues pre-clinical research of complex behavioral/developmental diseases and those diseases requiring clinical diagnosis, such as ASD. While ideal for their genetic flexibility, vast reagent toolkit, and practicality, rodent models often lack important elements of ethological validity. Hence, our study aimed to develop and characterize the prenatal MIA model in marmosets. Here, we adapted the well-characterized murine maternal immune activation model. Pregnant dams were administered 5 mg/kg poly-L-lysine stabilized polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly ICLC) subcutaneously three times during gestation (gestational day 63, 65, and 67). Dams were allowed to deliver naturally with no further experimental treatments. After parturition, offspring were screened for general health and vigor, and individual assessment of communication development and social behavior was measured during neonatal or adolescent periods. Similar to rodent models, offspring subjected to MIA exhibited a disruption in patterns of communication during early development. Assessment of social behavior in a marmoset-modified 3-chamber test at 3 and 9 months of age revealed alterations in social behavior that, in some instances, was sex-dependent. Together, our data indicate that marmosets are an excellent non-human primate model for investigating the neurodevelopmental and behavioral consequences of exposure to prenatal challenges, like MIA. Additional studies are necessary to more completely characterize the effect of prenatal inflammation on marmoset development and explore therapeutic intervention strategies that may be applicable in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Santana-Coelho
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Donna Layne-Colon
- Southwest National Primate Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Roslyn Valdespino
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Corinna C Ross
- Southwest National Primate Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Suzette D Tardif
- Southwest National Primate Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Jason C O'Connor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States.,Audie L. Murphy Veterans Affairs, South Texas Veterans Health System, San Antonio, TX, United States
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20
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Abstract
The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), a small New World primate, is receiving substantial attention in the neuroscience and biomedical science fields because its anatomical features, functional and behavioral characteristics, and reproductive features and its amenability to available genetic modification technologies make it an attractive experimental subject. In this review, I outline the progress of marmoset neuroscience research and summarize both the current status (opportunities and limitations) of and the future perspectives on the application of marmosets in neuroscience and disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; .,Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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21
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Domestication Phenotype Linked to Vocal Behavior in Marmoset Monkeys. Curr Biol 2020; 30:5026-5032.e3. [PMID: 33065007 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The domestication syndrome refers to a set of traits that are the by-products of artificial selection for increased tolerance toward humans [1-3]. One hypothesis is that some species, like humans and bonobos, "self-domesticated" and have been under selection for that same suite of domesticated phenotypes [4-8]. However, the evidence for this has been largely circumstantial. Here, we provide evidence that, in marmoset monkeys, the size of a domestication phenotype-a white facial fur patch-is linked to their degree of affiliative vocal responding. During development, the amount of parental vocal feedback experienced influences the rate of growth of this facial white patch, and this suggests a mechanistic link between the two phenotypes, possibly via neural crest cells. Our study provides evidence for links between vocal behavior and the development of morphological phenotypes associated with domestication in a nonhuman primate.
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22
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Huang J, Cheng X, Zhang S, Chang L, Li X, Liang Z, Gong N. Having Infants in the Family Group Promotes Altruistic Behavior of Marmoset Monkeys. Curr Biol 2020; 30:4047-4055.e3. [PMID: 32822603 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) has attracted much attention as a useful model for studying social behaviors [1-3]. They naturally live in a monogamous family group and exhibit cooperative breeding [4], in which parents and older siblings help to carry infants less than 2 months old [5-7]. Marmoset parents also transfer foods to their offspring, a process that may help them learn the food diet [8]. Furthermore, marmosets show spontaneous altruistic behaviors, such as providing food to non-reciprocating and genetically unrelated individuals [9]. These social habits indicate that marmosets may be a useful non-human primate model for studying parenting and altruistic behaviors, as well as underlying neural mechanisms. Using a novel rescue paradigm, we found that marmoset parents and older siblings showed strong motivation to rescue trapped young infants but not juvenile marmosets beyond 2 months of age, and infant calls alone could trigger these parents' rescue behaviors. The marmoset parents showed little rescue of each other, but young infants or infant calls could also induce such parents' mutual rescue. Moreover, all these infant- and mate-rescue behaviors depended on currently having young infants in the family group. Functional MRI studies on awake adult marmosets showed that calls from young infants, but not juvenile marmosets, elicited a large-scale activation of specific brain areas including auditory and insular cortices, and such activation was absent in marmosets not living with infants. Thus, such infant-induced modification of neural activity offers a window for examining the neural basis of altruistic behaviors in marmoset monkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Huang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaochun Cheng
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Shikun Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Liangtang Chang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xuebo Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhifeng Liang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Neng Gong
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai 201210, China.
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23
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Ash H, Ziegler TE, Colman RJ. Early learning in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus): Behavior in the family group is related to preadolescent cognitive performance. Am J Primatol 2020; 82:e23159. [PMID: 32515834 PMCID: PMC7440670 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Early environment can have a major impact on development, with family life known to play an important role. Longitudinal studies can therefore help increase our understanding of variance in cognitive abilities in young animals, as well as over time. We followed 22 marmosets (11 male and 11 female) from infancy through to early adolescence. At 3 months old, the marmosets were trained to reliably touch a rewarded stimulus. At 5 months, behavior was observed within the natal group. At 9 months, the marmosets were given a visual discrimination task to assess learning ability. Mann-Whitney U tests found no sex or family size differences in number of errors at 3 or 9 months. While no significant relationships were found between behavior in the family and learning at 3 months, significant negative correlations were found between duration spent in locomotion and learning errors (p = .05), as well as between frequency of calm vocalizations and learning errors (p = .001) at 9 months. A U-shape curve was found between amount of social play and learning at 9 months. Positive family interactions, including moderate amounts of play, as well as calm individual behavior, may therefore be important in learning. This study sheds light on cognitive development in much younger marmosets than previously studied, and helps increase understanding of how individual differences in learning may arise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Ash
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Toni E. Ziegler
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ricki J. Colman
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, USA
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24
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Vermilyea SC, Babinski A, Tran N, To S, Guthrie S, Kluss JH, Schmidt JK, Wiepz GJ, Meyer MG, Murphy ME, Cookson MR, Emborg ME, Golos TG. In Vitro CRISPR/Cas9-Directed Gene Editing to Model LRRK2 G2019S Parkinson's Disease in Common Marmosets. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3447. [PMID: 32103062 PMCID: PMC7044232 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60273-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) G2019S is a relatively common mutation, associated with 1-3% of Parkinson's disease (PD) cases worldwide. G2019S is hypothesized to increase LRRK2 kinase activity. Dopaminergic neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells of PD patients carrying LRRK2 G2019S are reported to have several phenotypes compared to wild type controls, including increased activated caspase-3 and reactive oxygen species (ROS), autophagy dysfunction, and simplification of neurites. The common marmoset is envisioned as a candidate nonhuman primate species for comprehensive modeling of genetic mutations. Here, we report our successful use of CRISPR/Cas9 with repair template-mediated homology directed repair to introduce the LRRK2 G2019S mutation, as well as a truncation of the LRRK2 kinase domain, into marmoset embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells. We found that, similar to humans, marmoset LRRK2 G2019S resulted in elevated kinase activity. Phenotypic evaluation after dopaminergic differentiation demonstrated LRRK2 G2019S-mediated increased intracellular ROS, decreased neuronal viability, and reduced neurite complexity. Importantly, these phenotypes were not observed in clones with LRRK2 truncation. These results demonstrate the feasibility of inducing monogenic mutations in common marmosets and support the use of this species for generating a novel genetic-based model of PD that expresses physiological levels of LRRK2 G2019S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott C Vermilyea
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alexander Babinski
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nina Tran
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Samantha To
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Scott Guthrie
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jillian H Kluss
- Cell Biology and Gene Expression Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jenna Kropp Schmidt
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Gregory J Wiepz
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michael G Meyer
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Megan E Murphy
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mark R Cookson
- Cell Biology and Gene Expression Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marina E Emborg
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Thaddeus G Golos
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Departments of Comparative Biosciences and Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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25
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Sawiak SJ, Shiba Y, Oikonomidis L, Windle CP, Santangelo AM, Grydeland H, Cockcroft G, Bullmore ET, Roberts AC. Trajectories and Milestones of Cortical and Subcortical Development of the Marmoset Brain From Infancy to Adulthood. Cereb Cortex 2019; 28:4440-4453. [PMID: 30307494 PMCID: PMC6215464 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With increasing attention on the developmental causes of neuropsychiatric disorders, appropriate animal models are crucial to identifying causes and assessing potential interventions. The common marmoset is an ideal model as it has sophisticated social/emotional behavior, reaching adulthood within 2 years of birth. Magnetic resonance imaging was used in an accelerated longitudinal cohort (n = 41; aged 3–27 months; scanned 2–7 times over 2 years). Splines were used to model nonlinear trajectories of grey matter volume development in 53 cortical areas and 16 subcortical nuclei. Generally, volumes increased before puberty, peaked, and declined into adulthood. We identified 3 milestones of grey matter development: I) age at peak volume; II) age at onset of volume decline; and III) age at maximum rate of volume decline. These milestones differentiated growth trajectories of primary sensory/motor cortical areas from those of association cortex but also revealed distinct trajectories between association cortices. Cluster analysis of trajectories showed that prefrontal cortex was the most heterogenous of association regions, comprising areas with distinct milestones and developmental trajectories. These results highlight the potential of high-field structural MRI to define the dynamics of primate brain development and importantly to identify when specific prefrontal circuits may be most vulnerable to environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Sawiak
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, UK.,Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Box 65 Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Y Shiba
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, UK.,Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, UK
| | - L Oikonomidis
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, UK.,Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, UK
| | - C P Windle
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, UK.,Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, UK
| | - A M Santangelo
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, UK.,Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, UK
| | - H Grydeland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Research Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - G Cockcroft
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, UK.,Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, UK
| | - E T Bullmore
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, UK.,Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Box 65 Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,ImmunoPsychiatry, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Stevenage, UK
| | - A C Roberts
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, UK.,Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, UK
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26
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Mulholland MM, Williams LE, Abee CR. Neonatal activity and state control differences among three squirrel monkey subspecies (Saimiri sciureus sciureus, S. boliviensis boliviensis, and S. boliviensis peruviensis). Am J Primatol 2019; 82:e23048. [PMID: 31502301 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Squirrel monkeys are a long-standing biomedical model, with multiple species and subspecies housed in research facilities. Few studies have examined the developmental differences between these subspecies, which may affect research outcomes. The primate neonatal neurobehavioral assessment was completed at 2 weeks of age with 279 dam-reared squirrel monkeys (188 Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis, 45 S. b. peruviensis, and 46 Saimiri. sciureus sciureus). Activity, orientation to stimuli, state control, and motor maturity scores, as well as startle responses and number of vocalizations were compared across subspecies and sex using factorial analysis of covariance (ANCOVAs) controlling for birthweight. There were no differences in orientation or motor maturity scores (p > .05) among the three subspecies or between sexes; however, there were significant subspecies differences in motor activity and state control scores. Of the three subspecies, S. s. sciureus has the lowest state control and activity scores (p < .05). They also had the most exaggerated startle response/aversion to a sudden loud noise, vocalized significantly less, and were less likely to resist restraint during the assessment (p < .05). The three subspecies of squirrel monkeys did not differ in motor development and attention to external stimuli but were significantly different in state control and activity levels. Overall S. s. sciureus were less active, agitated, irritable, and easier to console compared to S. b. boliviensis and S. b. peruviensis. This supports field research on socioecology which documented different social structure and behavior in wild populations of S. s. sciureus compared to S. b. boliviensis and S. b. peruviensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele M Mulholland
- Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, Texas.,Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lawrence E Williams
- Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, Texas
| | - Christian R Abee
- Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, Texas
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27
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Gustison ML, Borjon JI, Takahashi DY, Ghazanfar AA. Vocal and locomotor coordination develops in association with the autonomic nervous system. eLife 2019; 8:e41853. [PMID: 31310236 PMCID: PMC6684270 DOI: 10.7554/elife.41853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In adult animals, movement and vocalizations are coordinated, sometimes facilitating, and at other times inhibiting, each other. What is missing is how these different domains of motor control become coordinated over the course of development. We investigated how postural-locomotor behaviors may influence vocal development, and the role played by physiological arousal during their interactions. Using infant marmoset monkeys, we densely sampled vocal, postural and locomotor behaviors and estimated arousal fluctuations from electrocardiographic measures of heart rate. We found that vocalizations matured sooner than postural and locomotor skills, and that vocal-locomotor coordination improved with age and during elevated arousal levels. These results suggest that postural-locomotor maturity is not required for vocal development to occur, and that infants gradually improve coordination between vocalizations and body movement through a process that may be facilitated by arousal level changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan L Gustison
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
| | - Jeremy I Borjon
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
- Department of PsychologyPrinceton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
| | - Daniel Y Takahashi
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
- Department of PsychologyPrinceton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
| | - Asif A Ghazanfar
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
- Department of PsychologyPrinceton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyPrinceton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
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28
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29
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Key periods of cognitive decline in a nonhuman primate model of cognitive aging, the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). Neurobiol Aging 2019; 74:1-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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30
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Emborg ME. Nonhuman Primate Models of Neurodegenerative Disorders. ILAR J 2018; 58:190-201. [PMID: 28985333 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilx021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's (AD), Huntington's (HD), and Parkinson's (PD) disease are age-related neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive neuronal cell death. Although each disease has particular pathologies and symptoms, accumulated evidence points to similar mechanisms of neurodegeneration, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and protein aggregation. A significant body of research is ongoing to understand how these pathways affect each other and what ultimately triggers the onset of the disease. Experiments in nonhuman primates (NHPs) account for only 5% of all research in animals. Yet the impact of NHP studies for clinical translation is much greater, especially for neurodegenerative disorders, as NHPs have a complex cognitive and motor functions and highly developed neuroanatomy. New NHP models are emerging to better understand pathology and improve the platform in which to test novel therapies. The goal of this report is to review NHP models of AD, HD, and PD in the context of the current understanding of these diseases and their contribution to the development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina E Emborg
- Preclinical Parkinson's Research Program, Wisconsin National Primate Research Center.,Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
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31
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Marmoset Monkey Vocal Communication: Common Developmental Trajectories With Humans and Possible Mechanisms. MINNESOTA SYMPOSIA ON CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119461746.ch3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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32
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Kropp J, Di Marzo A, Golos T. Assisted reproductive technologies in the common marmoset: an integral species for developing nonhuman primate models of human diseases. Biol Reprod 2018; 96:277-287. [PMID: 28203717 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.116.146514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Generation of nonhuman primate models of human disease conditions will foster the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Callithrix jacchus, or the common marmoset, is a New World, nonhuman primate species that exhibits great reproductive fitness in captivity with an ovarian cycle that can be easily managed with pharmacological agents. This characteristic, among others, provides an opportunity to employ assisted reproductive technologies to generate embryos that can be genetically manipulated to create a variety of nonhuman primate models for human disease. Here, we review methods to synchronize the marmoset ovarian cycle and stimulate oocyte donors, and compare various protocols for in vitro production of embryos. In light of advances in genomic editing, recent approaches used to generate transgenic or genetically edited embryos in the marmoset and also future perspective are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna Kropp
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Andrea Di Marzo
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Thaddeus Golos
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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33
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Jones CA, Duffy MK, Hoffman SA, Schultz-Darken NJ, Braun KM, Ciucci MR, Emborg ME. Vocalization development in common marmosets for neurodegenerative translational modeling. Neurol Res 2018; 40:303-311. [PMID: 29457539 PMCID: PMC6083835 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2018.1438226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Objectives In order to facilitate the study of vocalizations in emerging genetic common marmoset models of neurodegenerative disorders, we aimed to analyze call-type changes across age in a translational research environment. We hypothesized that acoustic parameters of vocalizations would change with age, reflecting growth of the vocal apparatus and a maturation of control needed to make adult-like calls. Methods Nineteen developing common marmosets were longitudinally video- and audio-recorded between the ages of 1-149 days in a naturalistic setting without any vocalization elicitation protocol. Vocalizations were coded for call type (cry, tsik, trill, phee, and trill-phee) and analyzed for duration (sec), minimum and maximum frequency (Hz), and bandwidth (Hz). Mixed model linear regressions were performed to assess the effects of age on call parameters listed above for each call type. Results Cries decreased in duration (P = 0.038), maximum frequency (P = 0.047), and bandwidth (P = 0.023) with age. Tsik calls decreased in duration (P = 0.002) and increased in minimum frequency (P = 0.004) and maximum frequency (P = 0.005) with age. Trill calls increased in duration (P = 0.003), and trillphee bandwidth (P = 0.031) decreased with age. Discussion Our results demonstrate that development of common marmoset vocalizations is call type dependent and that changes in acoustic parameters can be detected without complex vocalization elicitation paradigms or specialized audio recording equipment. Thus, we demonstrate the feasibility of a naturalistic protocol to collect and objectively analyze marmoset vocalizations longitudinally. This approach may be useful for studying vocal communication deficits in genetic models of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne A. Jones
- Neuroscience Training Program, (1220 Capitol Court, Madison, WI 53715)
- Wisconsin National Primate Center (1220 Capitol Court, Madison, WI 53715)
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders (1975 Willow Drive, Madison, WI 53706
- Department of Surgery (600 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53792)
| | - Mary K. Duffy
- Wisconsin National Primate Center (1220 Capitol Court, Madison, WI 53715)
| | - Sarah A. Hoffman
- Wisconsin National Primate Center (1220 Capitol Court, Madison, WI 53715)
| | | | - Katarina M. Braun
- Wisconsin National Primate Center (1220 Capitol Court, Madison, WI 53715)
| | - Michelle R. Ciucci
- Neuroscience Training Program, (1220 Capitol Court, Madison, WI 53715)
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders (1975 Willow Drive, Madison, WI 53706
- Department of Surgery (600 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53792)
| | - Marina E. Emborg
- Neuroscience Training Program, (1220 Capitol Court, Madison, WI 53715)
- Wisconsin National Primate Center (1220 Capitol Court, Madison, WI 53715)
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison
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34
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Uematsu A, Hata J, Komaki Y, Seki F, Yamada C, Okahara N, Kurotaki Y, Sasaki E, Okano H. Mapping orbitofrontal-limbic maturation in non-human primates: A longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study. Neuroimage 2017; 163:55-67. [PMID: 28923274 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain development involves spatiotemporally complex microstructural changes. A number of neuropsychiatric disorders are linked to the neural processes of development and aging. Thus, it is important to understanding the typical developmental patterns of various brain structures, which will help to define critical periods of vulnerability for neural maturation, as well as anatomical mechanisms of brain structure-related neuropathology. In this study, we used magnetic resonance imaging to assess development of the orbitofrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus in a non-human primate species, the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). We collected a total of 114 T2-weighted and 91 diffusion-weighted scans from 23 animals from infancy to early adulthood. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of age-related brain growth patterns showed non-linear structural developmental changes in all measured brain regions, consistent with reported human data. Overall, robust volumetric growth was observed from 1 to 3 months of age (from infancy to the early juvenile period). This rapid brain growth was associated with the largest decrease in mean, axial, and radial diffusivities of diffusion tensor imaging in all brain regions, suggesting an increase in the number and size of cells, dendrites, and spines during this period. After this developmental period, the volume of various brain regions steadily increased until adolescence (7-13 months of age, depending on the region). Further, structural connectivity derived from tractography data in various brain regions continuously changed from infancy to adolescence, suggesting that the increase in brain volume was related to continued axonal myelination during adolescence. Thereafter, the volume of the cortical regions decreased considerably, while there was no change in subcortical regions. Familial factors, rather than sex, contributed the development of the front-limbic brain regions. Overall, this study provides further data on the factors and timing important for normal brain development, and suggest that the common marmoset is a useful animal model for human neural development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Uematsu
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan; RIKEN BSI Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Junichi Hata
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan; RIKEN BSI Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan; RIKEN BSI Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Fumiko Seki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan; RIKEN BSI Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Chihoko Yamada
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Norio Okahara
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Yoko Kurotaki
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Erika Sasaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan; RIKEN BSI Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan; RIKEN BSI Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
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35
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Ausderau KK, Dammann C, McManus K, Schneider M, Emborg ME, Schultz-Darken N. Cross-species comparison of behavioral neurodevelopmental milestones in the common marmoset monkey and human child. Dev Psychobiol 2017; 59:807-821. [PMID: 28763098 DOI: 10.1002/dev.21545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is an increasingly popular non-human primate species for developing transgenic and genomic edited models of neurological disorders. These models present an opportunity to assess from birth the impact of genetic mutations and to identify candidate predictive biomarkers of early disease onset. In order to apply findings from marmosets to humans, a cross-species comparison of typical development is essential. Aiming to identify similarities, differences, and gaps in knowledge of neurodevelopment, we evaluated peer-reviewed literature focused on the first 6 months of life of marmosets and compared to humans. Five major developmental constructs, including reflexes and reactions, motor, feeding, self-help, and social, were compared. Numerous similarities were identified in the developmental sequences with differences often influenced by the purpose of the behavior, specifically for marmoset survival. The lack of detailed knowledge of marmoset development was exposed as related to the vast resources for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla K Ausderau
- Occupational Therapy Program, Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Caitlin Dammann
- Occupational Therapy Program, Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Kathy McManus
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Mary Schneider
- Occupational Therapy Program, Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.,Harlow Center for Biological Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Marina E Emborg
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.,Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Nancy Schultz-Darken
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
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36
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Vermilyea SC, Guthrie S, Meyer M, Smuga-Otto K, Braun K, Howden S, Thomson JA, Zhang SC, Emborg ME, Golos TG. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Dopaminergic Neurons from Adult Common Marmoset Fibroblasts. Stem Cells Dev 2017. [PMID: 28635509 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The common marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus; Cj) is an advantageous nonhuman primate species for modeling age-related disorders, including Parkinson's disease, due to their shorter life span compared to macaques. Cj-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (Cj-iPSCs) from somatic cells are needed for in vitro disease modeling and testing regenerative medicine approaches. Here we report the development of a novel Cj-iPSC line derived from adult marmoset fibroblasts. The Cj-iPSCs showed potent pluripotency properties, including the development of mesodermal lineages in tumors after injection to immunocompromised mice, as well as ectoderm and endoderm lineages after in vitro differentiation regimens, demonstrating differentiated derivatives of all three embryonic layers. In addition, expression of key pluripotency genes (ZFP42, PODXL, DNMT3B, C-MYC, LIN28, KLF4, NANOG, SOX2, and OCT4) was observed. We then tested the neural differentiation capacity and gene expression profiles of Cj-iPSCs and a marmoset embryonic stem cell line (Cj-ESC) after dual-SMAD inhibition. Exposure to CHIR99021 and sonic hedgehog (SHH) for 12 and 16 days, respectively, patterned the cells toward a ventralized midbrain dopaminergic phenotype, confirmed by expression of FOXA2, OTX2, EN-1, and tyrosine hydroxylase. These results demonstrate that common marmoset stem cells will be able to serve as a platform for investigating regenerative medicine approaches targeting the dopaminergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott C Vermilyea
- 1 Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin.,2 Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Scott Guthrie
- 2 Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Michael Meyer
- 2 Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Kim Smuga-Otto
- 2 Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin.,3 Morgridge Institute for Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Katarina Braun
- 2 Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Sara Howden
- 3 Morgridge Institute for Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - James A Thomson
- 2 Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin.,3 Morgridge Institute for Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin.,4 Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Su-Chun Zhang
- 5 Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Marina E Emborg
- 1 Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin.,2 Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin.,6 Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Thaddeus G Golos
- 2 Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin.,7 Department of Comparative Biosciences and Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin
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Oikonomidis L, Santangelo AM, Shiba Y, Clarke FH, Robbins TW, Roberts AC. A dimensional approach to modeling symptoms of neuropsychiatric disorders in the marmoset monkey. Dev Neurobiol 2017; 77:328-353. [PMID: 27589556 PMCID: PMC5412688 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Some patients suffering from the same neuropsychiatric disorder may have no overlapping symptoms whilst others may share symptoms common to other distinct disorders. Therefore, the Research Domain Criteria initiative recognises the need for better characterisation of the individual symptoms on which to focus symptom-based treatment strategies. Many of the disorders involve dysfunction within the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and so the marmoset, due to their highly developed PFC and small size, is an ideal species for studying the neurobiological basis of the behavioural dimensions that underlie these symptoms.Here we focus on a battery of tests that address dysfunction spanning the cognitive (cognitive inflexibility and working memory), negative valence (fear generalisation and negative bias) and positive valence (anhedonia) systems pertinent for understanding disorders such as ADHD, Schizophrenia, Anxiety, Depression and OCD. Parsing the separable prefrontal and striatal circuits and identifying the selective neurochemical modulation (serotonin vs dopamine) that underlie cognitive dysfunction have revealed counterparts in the clinical domain. Aspects of the negative valence system have been explored both at individual- (trait anxiety and genetic variation in serotonin transporter) and circuit-based levels enabling the understanding of generalisation processes, negative biases and differential responsiveness to SSRIs. Within the positive valence system, the combination of cardiovascular and behavioural measures provides a framework for understanding motivational, anticipatory and consummatory aspects of anhedonia and their neurobiological mechanisms. Together, the direct comparison of experimental findings in marmosets with clinical studies is proving an excellent translational model to address the behavioural dimensions and neurobiology of neuropsychiatric symptoms. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 77: 328-353, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Oikonomidis
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, United Kingdom
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3EB, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea M Santangelo
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, United Kingdom
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3EB, United Kingdom
| | - Yoshiro Shiba
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, United Kingdom
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3EB, United Kingdom
| | - F Hannah Clarke
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, United Kingdom
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3EB, United Kingdom
| | - Trevor W Robbins
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3EB, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, United Kingdom
| | - Angela C Roberts
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, United Kingdom
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3EB, United Kingdom
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Schiel N, Souto A. The common marmoset: An overview of its natural history, ecology and behavior. Dev Neurobiol 2016; 77:244-262. [PMID: 27706919 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Callithrix jacchus are small-bodied Neotropical primates popularly known as common marmosets. They are endemic to Northeast Brazil and occur in contrasting environments such as the humid Atlantic Forest and the dry scrub forest of the Caatinga. Common marmosets live in social groups, usually containing only one breeding pair. These primates have a parental care system in which individuals help by providing assistance to the infants even when they are not related to them. Free-ranging groups use relatively small home ranges (0.5-5 hectares) and have an omnivorous diet. Because of the shape of their teeth, they actively gouge tree bark to extract and consume exudates. When foraging for live prey, they adjust their strategy according to the type of prey. The successful use of appropriate hunting strategies depends not only on age but also on prey type and seems to be mediated by learning and experience. Indeed, common marmosets have shown unexpected cognitive abilities, such as true imitation. All these aspects seem to have contributed to the ecological success of this species. Callithrix jacchus has been widely studied, especially in captivity; even so, a number of questions remain to be answered about its biology, ecology, and behavior, both in captivity and the wild. A richer understanding of marmosets' natural behavior and ecology can have a significant impact on shaping ongoing and future neuroscience research. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 77: 244-262, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Schiel
- Department of Biology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Antonio Souto
- Department of Zoology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Eliades SJ, Miller CT. Marmoset vocal communication: Behavior and neurobiology. Dev Neurobiol 2016; 77:286-299. [DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven J. Eliades
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery; University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Cory T. Miller
- Cortical Systems and Behavior Laboratory; University of California San Diego; San Diego California
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Walker J, MacLean J, Hatsopoulos NG. The marmoset as a model system for studying voluntary motor control. Dev Neurobiol 2016; 77:273-285. [DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Walker
- Committee on Computational Neuroscience, University of Chicago; Chicago Illinois 60637
| | - Jason MacLean
- Committee on Computational Neuroscience, University of Chicago; Chicago Illinois 60637
- Department of Neurobiology; University of Chicago; Chicago Illinois 60637
| | - Nicholas G. Hatsopoulos
- Committee on Computational Neuroscience, University of Chicago; Chicago Illinois 60637
- Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy; University of Chicago; Chicago Illinois 60637
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41
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Mundinano IC, Flecknell PA, Bourne JA. MRI-guided stereotaxic brain surgery in the infant and adult common marmoset. Nat Protoc 2016; 11:1299-308. [PMID: 27336707 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2016.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, the New World common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) has taken a seminal position in neurobiological research, fueled in part by its smooth cortical sheet, which allows cortical areas to be easily accessed by current technologies on the dorsal surface of the brain. In this protocol, we describe a method for the precision placement of agents (e.g., tracers or neurotoxins) into small brain regions of the infant and adult marmoset, using an MRI-guided approach. This strategy uses a protocol for prolonged anesthesia without the need for intubation that we have recently developed, alongside appropriate analgesia and monitoring. The protocol can be readily adapted to be used together with advanced research techniques, such as two-photon microscopy and optical imaging. Including a 5-d postoperative care plan, this protocol takes 7 d to complete. The protocol requires a team of personnel experienced in marmoset care and handling, and small-animal neurosurgery; an assistant for monitoring the animal and assisting with anesthesia; and an MRI technician.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul A Flecknell
- Comparative Biology Centre, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - James A Bourne
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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Takahashi DY, Fenley AR, Ghazanfar AA. Early development of turn-taking with parents shapes vocal acoustics in infant marmoset monkeys. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2016; 371:20150370. [PMID: 27069047 PMCID: PMC4843608 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, vocal turn-taking is a ubiquitous form of social interaction. It is a communication system that exhibits the properties of a dynamical system: two individuals become coupled to each other via acoustic exchanges and mutually affect each other. Human turn-taking develops during the first year of life. We investigated the development of vocal turn-taking in infant marmoset monkeys, a New World species whose adult vocal behaviour exhibits the same universal features of human turn-taking. We find that marmoset infants undergo the same trajectory of change for vocal turn-taking as humans, and do so during the same life-history stage. Our data show that turn-taking by marmoset infants depends on the development of self-monitoring, and that contingent parental calls elicit more mature-sounding calls from infants. As in humans, there was no evidence that parental feedback affects the rate of turn-taking maturation. We conclude that vocal turn-taking by marmoset monkeys and humans is an instance of convergent evolution, possibly as a result of pressures on both species to adopt a cooperative breeding strategy and increase volubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Y Takahashi
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Alicia R Fenley
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Asif A Ghazanfar
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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Kangas BD, Bergman J, Coyle JT. Touchscreen assays of learning, response inhibition, and motivation in the marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). Anim Cogn 2016; 19:673-7. [PMID: 26846231 PMCID: PMC4826304 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-016-0959-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments in precision gene editing have led to the emergence of the marmoset as an experimental subject of considerable interest and translational value. A better understanding of behavioral phenotypes of the common marmoset will inform the extent to which forthcoming transgenic mutants are cognitively intact. Therefore, additional information regarding their learning, inhibitory control, and motivational abilities is needed. The present studies used touchscreen-based repeated acquisition and discrimination reversal tasks to examine basic dimensions of learning and response inhibition. Marmosets were trained daily to respond to one of the two simultaneously presented novel stimuli. Subjects learned to discriminate the two stimuli (acquisition) and, subsequently, with the contingencies switched (reversal). In addition, progressive ratio performance was used to measure the effort expended to obtain a highly palatable reinforcer varying in magnitude and, thereby, provide an index of relative motivational value. Results indicate that rates of both acquisition and reversal of novel discriminations increased across successive sessions, but that rate of reversal learning remained slower than acquisition learning, i.e., more trials were needed for mastery. A positive correlation was observed between progressive ratio break point and reinforcement magnitude. These results closely replicate previous findings with squirrel monkeys, thus providing evidence of similarity in learning processes across nonhuman primate species. Moreover, these data provide key information about the normative phenotype of wild-type marmosets using three relevant behavioral endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Kangas
- Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA.
| | - Jack Bergman
- Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Joseph T Coyle
- Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
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